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	Author	Zhang, Y.-R.; Neyts, E.C.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Influence of the Material Dielectric Constant on Plasma Generation inside Catalyst Pores			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	The journal of physical chemistry: C : nanomaterials and interfaces	Abbreviated Journal	J Phys Chem C
	Volume	120	Issue	120	Pages	25923-25934
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Plasma catalysis is gaining increasing interest for various environmental applications, but the crucial question is whether plasma can be created inside catalyst pores and under which conditions. In practice, various catalytic support materials are used, with various dielectric constants. We investigate here the influence of the dielectric constant on the plasma properties inside catalyst pores and in the sheath in front of the pores, for various pore sizes. The calculations are performed by a two-dimensional fluid model for an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge in helium. The electron impact ionization rate, electron temperature, electron and ion density, as well as the potential distribution and surface charge density, are analyzed for a better understanding of the discharge behavior inside catalyst pores. The results indicate that, in a 100 μm pore, the electron impact ionization in the pore, which is characteristic for the plasma generation inside the pore, is greatly enhanced for dielectric constants below 300. Smaller pore sizes only yield enhanced ionization for smaller dielectric constants, i.e., up to εr = 200, 150, and 50 for pore sizes of 50, 30, and 10 μm. Thus, the most common catalyst supports, i.e., Al2O3 and SiO2, which have dielectric constants around εr = 8−11 and 4.2, respectively, should allow more easily that microdischarges can be formed inside catalyst pores, even for smaller pore sizes. On the other hand, ferroelectric materials with dielectric constants above 300 never seem to yield plasma enhancement inside catalyst pores, not even for 100 μm pore sizes. Furthermore, it is clear that the dielectric constant of the material has a large effect on the extent of plasma enhancement inside the catalyst pores, especially in the range between εr = 4 and εr = 200. The obtained results are explained in detail based on the surface charge density at the pore walls, and the potential distribution and electron temperature inside and above the pores. The results obtained with this model are important for plasma catalysis, as the production plasma species in catalyst pores might affect the catalyst properties, and thus improve the applications of plasma catalysis.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000388429100029	Publication Date	2016-11-17
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1932-7447	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	4.536	Times cited	34	Open Access
	Notes	This work was supported by the Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO) (Grant G.0217.14N), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 11405019), and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant 2015T80244). This work was carried out in part using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen, a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI), and the University of Antwerp.			Approved	Most recent IF: 4.536
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @ c:irua:138602			Serial	4319
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	Author	Karakulina, O.M.; Khasanova, N.R.; Drozhzhin, O.A.; Tsirlin, A.A.; Hadermann, J.; Antipov, E.V.; Abakumov, A.M.
	Title	Antisite Disorder and Bond Valence Compensation in Li₂FePO₄F Cathode for Li-Ion Batteries			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Chemistry Of Materials	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Mater
	Volume	28	Issue	28	Pages	7578-7581
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000387518500004	Publication Date	2016-11-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0897-4756	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	9.466	Times cited	10	Open Access
	Notes	Russian Science Foundation, 16-19-00190 ; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, G040116N ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 9.466
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:139170 c:irua:138599			Serial	4320
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	Author	Chizhov, A.S.; Rumyantseva, M.N.; Vasiliev, R.B.; Filatova, D.G.; Drozdov, K.A.; Krylov, I.V.; Marchevsky, A.V.; Karakulina, O.M.; Abakumov, A.M.; Gaskov, A.M.
	Title	Visible light activation of room temperature NO2 gas sensors based on ZnO, SnO2 and In2O3 sensitized with CdSe quantum dots			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Thin solid films : an international journal on the science and technology of thin and thick films	Abbreviated Journal	Thin Solid Films
	Volume	618	Issue	618	Pages	253-262
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	This work reports the analysis of visible light activation of room temperature NO2 gas sensitivity of metal oxide semiconductors (MOS): blank and CdSe quantum dots (QDs) sensitized nanocrystallinematrixes ZnO, SnO2 and In2O3. Nanocrystalline metal oxides (MOx) ZnO, SnO2, In2O3 were synthesized by the precipitation method. Colloidal CdSe QDs were obtained by high temperature colloidal synthesis. Sensitization was effectuated by direct adsorption of CdSe QDs stabilized with oleic acid on MOx surface. The role of illumination consists in generation of electrons, which can be transferred into MOx conduction band, and holes that can recombine with the electrons previously trapped by the chemisorbed acceptor species and thus activate desorption of analyte molecules. Under green light illumination for blank SnO2 and In2O3 matrixes the indirect consequential mechanism for the generation of holes is proposed. Anothermechanismis realized in the presence of CdSe QDs. In this case the electron-hole pair is generated in the CdSe quantum dot. Sensor measurements demonstrated that synthesizedmaterials can be used for NO2 detection under visible (green) light illumination at room temperature without any thermal heating.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000389164400005	Publication Date	2016-09-18
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0040-6090	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.879	Times cited	19	Open Access
	Notes	The work was financially supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant no. 15-03-03026.			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.879
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:138598			Serial	4321
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	Author	Yu, W.-B.; Hu, Z.-Y.; Yi, M.; Huang, S.-Z.; Chen, D.-S.; Jin, J.; Li, Y.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Su, B.-L.
	Title	Probing the electrochemical behavior of {111} and {110} faceted hollow Cu₂O microspheres for lithium storage			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	RSC advances	Abbreviated Journal	Rsc Adv
	Volume	6	Issue	6	Pages	97129-97136
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Transition metal oxides with exposed highly active facets have become of increasing interest as anode materials for lithium ion batteries, because more dangling atoms exposed at the active surface facilitate the reaction between the transition metal oxides and lithium. In this work, we probed the electrochemical behavior of hollow Cu2O microspheres with {111} and {110} active facets on the polyhedron surface as anodes for lithium storage. Compared to commercial Cu2O nanoparticles, hollow Cu2O microspheres with {111} and {110} active facets show a rising specific capacity at 30 cycles which then decreases after 110 cycles during the cycling process. Via advanced electron microscopy characterization, we reveal that this phenomenon can be attributed to the highly active {111} and {110} facets with dangling “Cu” atoms facilitating the conversion reaction of Cu2O and Li, where part of the Cu2O is oxidized to CuO during the charging process. However, as the reaction proceeds, more and more formed Cu nanoparticles cannot be converted to Cu2O or CuO. This leads to a decrease of the specific capacity. We believe that our study here sheds some light on the progress of the electrochemical behavior of transition metal oxides with respect to their increased specific capacity and the subsequent decrease via a conversion reaction mechanism. These results will be helpful to optimize the design of transition metal oxide micro/nanostructures for high performance lithium storage.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000386242500084	Publication Date	2016-10-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2046-2069	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.108	Times cited	5	Open Access
	Notes	Z. Y. Hu and G. Van Tendeloo acknowledge support from the EC Framework 7 program ESTEEM2 (Reference 312483).			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.108
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:138199			Serial	4322
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	Author	Zalfani, M.; Hu, Z.-Y.; Yu, W.-B.; Mahdouani, M.; Bourguig, R.; Wu, M.; Li, Y.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Djoued, Y.; Su, B.-L.
	Title	BiVO4/3DOM TiO2 nanocomposites: Effect of BiVO4 as highly efficient visible light sensitizer for highly improved visible light photocatalytic activity in the degradation of dye pollutants			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Applied Catalysis B-Environmental	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Catal B-Environ
	Volume	205	Issue	205	Pages	121-132
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	A series of BiVO4/3DOM TiO2 nanocomposites have been synthesized and their photocatalytic activity was investigated under visible light irradiation using the RhB dye as model pollutant molecule in an aqueous solution. The effect of the amount of BiVO4 as visible light sensitizer on the photocatalytic activity of BiVO4/3DOM TiO2 nanocomposites was highlighted. The heterostructured composite system leads to much higher photocatalytic efficiencies than bare 3DOM TiO2 and BiVO4 nanoparticles. As the proportion of BiVO4 in BiVO4/3DOM TiO2 nanocomposites increases from 0.04 to 0.6, the photocatalytic performance of the BiVO4/3DOM TiO2 nanocomposites increases and then decreases after reaching a maximum at 0.2. This improvement in photocatalytic perfomance is related to 1) the interfacial electron transfer efficiency between the coupled materials, 2) the 3DOM TiO2 inverse opal structure with interconnected pores providing an easy mass transfer of the reactant molecules and high accessibility to the active sites and large surface area and 3) the effect of light sensitizer of BiVO4. Intensive studies on structural, textural, optical and surface properties reveal that the electronic interactions between BiVO4 and TiO2 lead to an improved charge separation of the coupled BiVO4/TiO2 system. The photogenerated charge carrier densities increase with increasing the BiVO4 content, which acts as visible light sensitizer to the TiO2 and is responsible for the enhancement in the rate of photocatalytic degradation. However, the photocatalytic activity is reduced when the BiVO4 amount is much higher than that of 3DOM TiO2. Two reasons could account for this behavior. First, with increasing BiVO4 content, the photogenerated electron/hole pairs are accumulated at the surface of the BiVO4 nanoparticles and the recombination rate increases as shown by the PL results. Second, decreasing the amount of 3DOM TiO2 in the nanocomposite decreases the surface area as shown by the BET results. Moreover, the poor adsorptive properties of the BiVO4 photocatalyst also affect the photocatalytic performance, in particular at higher BiVO4 content. The present work demonstrates that BiVO4/3DOM TiO2 is a very promising heterojunction system for visible light photocatalytic applications.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000393931000013	Publication Date	2016-12-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0926-3373	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	9.446	Times cited	52	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	Z. Y. Hu and G. Van Tendeloo acknowledge support from the EC Framework 7 program ESTEEM2 (Reference 312483).			Approved	Most recent IF: 9.446
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @			Serial	4323
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	Author	Yao, X.; Amin-Ahmadi, B.; Li, Y.; Cao, S.; Ma, X.; Zhang, X.-P.; Schryvers, D.
	Title	Optimization of Automated Crystal Orientation Mapping in a TEM for Ni4Ti3 Precipitation in All-Round SMA			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Shape memory and superelasticity	Abbreviated Journal	Shap Mem Superelasticity
	Volume	2	Issue	2	Pages	286-297
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Automated crystal orientation and phase mapping in TEM are applied to the quantification of Ni4Ti3 precipitates in Ni–Ti shape memory alloys which will be used for the implantation of artificial sphincters operating using the all-round shape memory effect. This paper focuses on the optimization process of the technique to obtain best values for all major parameters in the acquisition of electron diffraction patterns as well as template generation. With the obtained settings, vast statistical data on nano- and microstructures essential to the operation of these shape memory devices become available.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000408743700001	Publication Date	2016-11-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2199-384X	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited	2	Open Access
	Notes	X. Yao gratefully acknowledges the Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC) for providing a PhD scholarship. Research support was also provided by the Key Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (S2013020012805) and the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 51401081.			Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:138600			Serial	4324
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	Author	Bladt, E.; van Dijk-Moes, R.J.A.; Peters, J.; Montanarella, F.; de Mello Donega, C.; Vanmaekelbergh, D.; Bals, S.
	Title	Atomic Structure of Wurtzite CdSe (Core)/CdS (Giant Shell) Nanobullets Related to Epitaxy and Growth			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Journal of the American Chemical Society	Abbreviated Journal	J Am Chem Soc
	Volume	138	Issue	138	Pages	14288-14293
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Hetero-nanocrystals consisting of a CdSe core and a giant CdS shell have shown remarkable optical properties which are promising for applications in opto-electrical devices. Since these properties sensitively depend on the size and shape, a morphological characterization is of high interest. Here, we present a High Angle Annular Dark Field Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (HAADF-STEM) study of CdSe (core) / CdS (giant shell) hetero-nanocrystals. Electron tomography reveals that the nanocrystals have a bullet shape, either ending in a tip or a small dip, and that the CdSe core is positioned closer to the tip (or dip) than to the hexagonal base. Based on a high resolution HAADF-STEM study, we were able to determine all the surface facets. We present a heuristic model for the different growth stages of the CdS crystal around the CdSe core.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000387095000026	Publication Date	2016-11-02
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0002-7863	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	13.858	Times cited	28	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	S.B. acknowledges financial support from European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant #335078-COLOURATOMS). D.V. wishes to acknowledge the Dutch Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM) in the programme ‘Designing Dirac Carriers in Semiconductor Superstructures’. E.B. gratefully acknowledges financial support by the Flemish Fund for Scientific Research (FWO Vlaanderen).; ECAS_Sara; (ROMEO:white; preprint:; postprint:restricted 12 months embargo; pdfversion:cannot);			Approved	Most recent IF: 13.858
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:138251			Serial	4325
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	Author	Jacobs, W.; Reynaerts, C.; Andries, S.; van den Akker, S.; Moonen, N.; Lamoen, D.
	Title	Analyzing the dispersion of cargo vapors around a ship’s superstructure by means of wind tunnel experiments			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Journal of marine science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	J Mar Sci Tech-Japan
	Volume	21	Issue	21	Pages	758-766
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	In a previous study, it was found that cargo tank operations like cleaning and venting, lead to higher cargo vapor concentrations around the ship’s superstructure. Can wind tunnel experiments confirm these findings? Is there an improvement when using higher outlets at high velocities compared to lower outlets with a low outlet velocity? Is there a relation between relative wind speed and measured concentration? These questions were investigated in the Peutz wind tunnel. By using a tracer gas for the wind tunnel experiments, concentration coefficients have been calculated for various settings. The study shows that using high-velocity outlets is an efficient way to keep concentrations as low as possible. The only exception is for relative wind directions from the bow. In this last case using a manhole as ventilation outlet leads to lower concentrations. With increasing wind speeds the building downwash effect resulted in higher concentration coefficients near the main deck. This study confirms our on-board measurements and suggests the lowering of the ventilation inlet of the accommodation, so that the high-velocity outlet can be used safely at all times.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000388260200015	Publication Date	2016-05-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0948-4280	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	0.838	Times cited	2	Open Access
	Notes	The authors would like to thank Peutz bv. at Molenhoek, the Netherlands, for providing the wind tunnel facilities and their assistance during the various stages of this research.			Approved	Most recent IF: 0.838
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:138728			Serial	4326
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	Author	Tong, Y.; Bladt, E.; Aygüler, M.F.; Manzi, A.; Milowska, K.Z.; Hintermayr, V.A.; Docampo, P.; Bals, S.; Urban, A.S.; Polavarapu, L.; Feldmann, J.
	Title	Highly Luminescent Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals with Tunable Composition and Thickness by Ultrasonication			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English	Abbreviated Journal	Angew Chem Int Edit
	Volume	55	Issue	55	Pages	13887-13892
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	We describe the simple, scalable, single-step, and polar-solvent-free synthesis of high-quality colloidal CsPbX3 (X=Cl, Br, and I) perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) with tunable halide ion composition and thickness by direct ultrasonication of the corresponding precursor solutions in the presence of organic capping molecules. High angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) revealed the cubic crystal structure and surface termination of the NCs with atomic resolution. The NCs exhibit high photoluminescence quantum yields, narrow emission line widths, and considerable air stability. Furthermore, we investigated the quantum size effects in CsPbBr3 and CsPbI3 nanoplatelets by tuning their thickness down to only three to six monolayers. The high quality of the prepared NCs (CsPbBr3) was confirmed by amplified spontaneous emission with low thresholds. The versatility of this synthesis approach was demonstrated by synthesizing different perovskite NCs.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000387024200040	Publication Date	2016-09-30
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1433-7851	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	11.994	Times cited	549	Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes	This work was supported by the Bavarian State Ministry of Science, Research, and Arts through the grant “Solar Technologies go Hybrid (SolTech)”, by the China Scholarship Council (Y.T.) and by the Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung (L.P.). P.D. acknowledges support from the European Union through the award of a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship. M.A. acknowledges the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey. S.B. acknowledges financial support from European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant #335078-COLOURATOMS). E.B. gratefully acknowledges financial support by the Flemish Fund for Scientific Research (FWO Vlaanderen).; ECAS_Sara; (ROMEO:yellow; preprint:; postprint:restricted ; pdfversion:cannot);			Approved	Most recent IF: 11.994
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:138215			Serial	4327
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	Author	Vermeylen, S.; De Waele, J.; Vanuytsel, S.; De Backer, J.; Van der Paal, J.; Ramakers, M.; Leyssens, K.; Marcq, E.; Van Audenaerde, J.; L. J. Smits, E.; Dewilde, S.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Cold atmospheric plasma treatment of melanoma and glioblastoma cancer cells			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Plasma processes and polymers	Abbreviated Journal	Plasma Process Polym
	Volume	13	Issue	13	Pages	1195-1205
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	In this paper, two types of melanoma and glioblastoma cancer cell lines are treated with cold atmospheric plasma to assess the effect of several parameters on the cell viability. The cell viability decreases with treatment duration and time until analysis in all cell lines with varying sensitivity. The majority of dead cells stains both AnnexinV (AnnV) and propidium iodide, indicating that the plasma-treated non-viable cells are mostly late apoptotic or necrotic. Genetic mutations might be involved in the response to plasma. Comparing the effects of two gas mixtures, as well as indirect plasma-activated medium versus direct treatment, gives different results per cell line. In conclusion, this study confirms the potential of plasma for cancer therapy and emphasizes the influence of experimental parameters on therapeutic outcome.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000393131600007	Publication Date	2016-10-31
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1612-8850	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.846	Times cited	26	Open Access
	Notes	The authors acknowledge the University of Antwerp for providing research funds. The authors are very grateful to V. Schulz-von der Gathen and J. Benedikt (Bochum University) for providing the COST RF plasma jet. The authors would also like to thank Eva Santermans (University of Hasselt) for statistical advice. J. De Waele, J. Van Audenaerde and J. Van der Paal are research fellows of the Research Foundation Flanders (fellowship numbers: 1121016N, 1S32316N and 11U5416N), E. Marcq of Flanders Innovation & Entrepreneurship (fellowship number: 141433).			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.846
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @ c:irua:138722			Serial	4328
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	Author	Polavarapu, L.; Zanaga, D.; Altantzis, T.; Rodal-Cedeira, S.; Pastoriza-Santos, I.; Pérez-Juste, J.; Bals, S.; Liz-Marzán, L.M.
	Title	Galvanic Replacement Coupled to Seeded Growth as a Route for Shape-Controlled Synthesis of Plasmonic Nanorattles			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Journal of the American Chemical Society	Abbreviated Journal	J Am Chem Soc
	Volume	138	Issue	138	Pages	11453-11456
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Shape-controlled synthesis of metal nanoparticles (NPs) requires mechanistic understanding toward the development of modern nanoscience and nanotechnology. We demonstrate here an unconventional shape transformation of Au@Ag core−shell NPs (nanorods and nanocubes) into octahedral nanorattles via roomtemperature galvanic replacement coupled with seeded growth. The corresponding morphological and chemical transformations were investigated in three dimensions, using state-of-the-art X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy (XEDS) tomography. The addition of a reducing agent (ascorbic acid) plays a key role in this unconventional mechanistic path, in which galvanic replacement is found to dominate initially when the shell is made of Ag, while seeded growth suppresses transmetalation when a composition of Au:Ag (∼60:40) is reached in the shell, as revealed by quantitative XEDS tomography. This work not only opens new avenues toward the shape control of hollow NPs beyond the morphology of sacrificial templates, but also expands our understanding of chemical transformations in nanoscale galvanic replacement reactions. The XEDS electron tomography study presented here can be generally applied to investigate a wide range of nanoscale morphological and chemical transformations.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000383410700008	Publication Date	2016-09-14
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0002-7863	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	13.858	Times cited	75	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	This work has been funded by the European Research Council (ERC Advanced Grant No. 267867- PLASMAQUO, ERC Starting Grant No. 335078-COLOURATOMS) and Spanish MINECO (Grants MAT2013-45168-R and MAT2013-46101-R); ECAS_Sara; (ROMEO:white; preprint:; postprint:restricted 12 months embargo; pdfversion:cannot);			Approved	Most recent IF: 13.858
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:137123			Serial	4329
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	Author	Schalm, O.; Crabbé, A.; Storme, P.; Wiesinger, R.; Gambirasi, A.; Grieten, E.; Tack, P.; Bauters, S.; Kleber, C.; Favaro, M.; Schryvers, D.; Vincze, L.; Terryn, H.; Patelli, A.
	Title	The corrosion process of sterling silver exposed to a Na2S solution: monitoring and characterizing the complex surface evolution using a multi-analytical approach			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Applied Physics A-Materials Science & Processing	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Phys A-Mater
	Volume	122	Issue	122	Pages	903
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT);
	Abstract	Many historical ‘silver’ objects are composed of sterling silver, a silver alloy containing small amounts of copper. Besides the dramatic impact of copper on the corrosion process, the chemical composition of the corrosion layer evolves continuously. The evolution of the surface during the exposure to a Na2S solution was monitored by means of visual observation at macroscopic level, chemical analysis at microscopic level and analysis at the nanoscopic level. The corrosion process starts with the preferential oxidation of copper, forming mixtures of oxides and sulphides while voids are being created beneath the corrosion layer. Only at a later stage, the silver below the corrosion layer is consumed. This results in the formation of jalpaite and at a later stage of acanthite. The acanthite is found inside the corrosion layer at the boundaries of jalpaite grains and as individual grains between the jalpaite grains but also as a thin film on top of the corrosion layer. The corrosion process could be described as a sequence of 5 subsequent surface states with transitions between these states.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000384753800033	Publication Date	2016-09-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0947-8396	ISBN		Additional Links
	Impact Factor	1.455	Times cited	9	Open Access
	Notes	The authors are grateful for the financial support by the EU-FP7 Grant PANNA No. 282998 and for the opportunity to perform SR-XPS measurements at the NanoESCA beamline of the Elettra storage ring, under the approval of the advisory Committee (Proposal No. 20135164), as well as the opportunity to perform XANES measurements at the DUBBLE beamline of the ESRF storage ring (Proposal No. 26-01-990). The authors are grateful for the financial support by the STIMPRO Project FFB150215 of the University of Antwerp. Pieter Tack is funded by a Ph.D. Grant of the Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT). We would also like to thank Peter Van den Haute for the XRD measurements that were performed at the University of Ghent.			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.455
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @			Serial	4331
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	Author	Heidari, H.; Rivero, G.; Idrissi, H.; Ramachandran, D.; Cakir, S.; Egoavil, R.; Kurttepeli, M.; Crabbé, A.C.; Hauffman, T.; Terryn, H.; Du Prez, F.; Schryvers, D.
	Title	Melamine–Formaldehyde Microcapsules: Micro- and Nanostructural Characterization with Electron Microscopy			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Microscopy and microanalysis	Abbreviated Journal	Microsc Microanal
	Volume	22	Issue	22	Pages	1222-1232
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	A systematic study has been carried out to compare the surface morphology, shell thickness, mechanical properties, and binding behavior of melamine–formaldehyde microcapsules of 5–30 μm diameter size with various amounts of core content by using scanning and transmission electron microscopy including electron tomography, in situ nanomechanical tensile testing, and electron energy-loss spectroscopy. It is found that porosities are present on the outside surface of the capsule shell, but not on the inner surface of the shell. Nanomechanical tensile tests on the capsule shells reveal that Young’s modulus of the shell material is higher than that of bulk melamine–formaldehyde and that the shells exhibit a larger fracture strain compared with the bulk. Core-loss elemental analysis of microcapsules embedded in epoxy indicates that during the curing process, the microcapsule-matrix interface remains uniform and the epoxy matrix penetrates into the surface micro-porosities of the capsule shells.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000393853100011	Publication Date	2016-12-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1431-9276	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.891	Times cited	2	Open Access
	Notes	This work was supported by SIM vzw, Technologiepark 935, BE-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium, within the InterPoCo project of the H-INT-S horizontal program. The authors are also thankful to Stijn Van den Broeck and Dr. Frederic Leroux for help in sample preparation and to S. Bals and J. Verbeeck for valuable discussions. H.I. acknowledges the IAP program of the Belgian State Federal Office for Scientific, Technical and Cultural Affairs, under Contract No. P7/21.			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.891
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:138980			Serial	4333
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	Author	Li, K.; Idrissi, H.; Sha, G.; Song, M.; Lu, J.; Shi, H.; Wang, W.; Ringer, S.P.; Du, Y.; Schryvers, D.
	Title	Quantitative measurement for the microstructural parameters of nano-precipitates in Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloys			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Materials characterization	Abbreviated Journal	Mater Charact
	Volume	118	Issue	118	Pages	352-362
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Size, number density and volume fraction of nano-precipitates are important microstructural parameters controlling the strengthening of materials. In this work a widely accessible, convenient, moderately time efficient method with acceptable accuracy and precision has been provided for measurement of volume fraction of nano-precipitates in crystalline materials. The method is based on the traditional but highly accurate technique of measuring foil thickness via convergent beam electron diffraction. A new equation is proposed and verified with the aid of 3-dimensional atom probe (3DAP) analysis, to compensate for the additional error resulted from the hardly distinguishable contrast of too short incomplete precipitates cut by the foil surface. The method can be performed on a regular foil specimen with a modem LaB6 or field-emission-gun transmission electron microscope. Precisions around +/- 16% have been obtained for precipitate volume fractions of needle-like beta ''/C and Q precipitates in an aged Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy. The measured number density is dose to that directly obtained using 3DAP analysis by a misfit of 45%, and the estimated precision for number density measurement is about +/- 11%. The limitations of the method are also discussed.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000383292000042	Publication Date	2016-06-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1044-5803	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.714	Times cited	9	Open Access
	Notes	This work is financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (51501230 and 51531009) and Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Central South University (502042057). H.I. acknowledges the IAP program of the Belgian State Federal Office for Scientific, Technical and Cultural Affairs under Contract No. P7/21 and FWO project G.0576.09N.			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.714
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:137171			Serial	4334
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	Author	Van Aelst, J.; Philippaerts, A.; Bartholomeeusen, E.; Fayad, E.; Thibault-Starzyk, F.; Lu, J.; Schryvers, D.; Ooms, R.; Verboekend, D.; Jacobs, P.; Sels, B.
	Title	Towards biolubricant compatible vegetable oils by pore mouth hydrogenation with shape-selective Pt/ZSM-5 catalysts			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Catalysis science & technology	Abbreviated Journal	Catal Sci Technol
	Volume	6	Issue	6	Pages	2820-2828
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Pt/ZSM-5 catalysts with various crystal sizes were prepared via competitive ion-exchange, followed by a slow activation procedure. Even when using very large ZSM-5 crystals, highly dispersed Pt nano-clusters were contained within the zeolite crystal's voids, as ascertained by 2D pressure-jump IR spectroscopy of adsorbed CO and focussed ion-beam transmission electron microscopy. The shape-selective properties of the Pt/ZSM-5 catalysts were evaluated in the partial hydrogenation of soybean oil. Unique hydrogenation selectivities were observed, as the fatty acids located at the central position of the triacylglycerol (TAG) molecules were preferentially hydrogenated. The resulting oil has therefore high levels of intermediately melting TAGs, which are compatible with biolubricants due to their improved oxidative stability and still appropriate low-temperature fluidity. The TAG distribution in the partially hydrogenated soybean oil samples was independent from the zeolite crystal size, while the hydrogenation activity linearly increases with the crystal's external surface area. This trend was confirmed with a Pt loaded mesoporous ZSM-5 zeolite, obtained via a mild alkaline treatment. These observations imply and confirm a genuine pore mouth catalysis mechanism, in which only one fatty acid chain of the TAG is able to enter the micropores of ZSM-5, where the double bonds are hydrogenated by the crystal encapsulated Pt-clusters.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000374790200031	Publication Date	2016-03-31
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2044-4753	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	5.773	Times cited	5	Open Access
	Notes	The research was funded through a PhD grant to J. V. A. of the Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT). A. P. and D. V. acknowledge the F. W. O.-Vlaanderen (Research Foundation Flanders) for a post-doctoral fellowship. E. B. was kindly funded by an F. W. O.-Vlaanderen project. This work was performed in the framework of an Associated International Laboratory between FWO and CNRS.			Approved	Most recent IF: 5.773
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:138981			Serial	4335
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	Author	Schouteden, K.; Amin-Ahmadi, B.; Li, Z.; Muzychenko, D.; Schryvers, D.; Van Haesendonck, C.
	Title	Electronically decoupled stacking fault tetrahedra embedded in Au(111) films			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Nature communications	Abbreviated Journal	Nat Commun
	Volume	7	Issue	7	Pages	14001
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Stacking faults are known as defective structures in crystalline materials that typically lower the structural quality of the material. Here, we show that a particular type of defects, i.e., stacking fault tetrahedra (SFTs), exhibits quantized, particle-in-a-box electronic behaviour, revealing a potential synthetic route to decoupled nanoparticles in metal films. We report on the electronic properties of SFTs that exist in Au(111) films, as evidenced by scanning tunnelling microscopy and confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. We find that the SFTs reveal a remarkable decoupling from their metal surroundings, leading to pronounced energy level quantization effects within the SFTs. The electronic behaviour of the SFTs can be described well by the particle-in-a-box model. Our findings demonstrate that controlled preparation of SFTs may offer an alternative way to achieve well decoupled nanoparticles of high crystalline quality in metal thin films without the need of thin insulating layers.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000390367700001	Publication Date	2016-12-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2041-1723	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	12.124	Times cited	7	Open Access
	Notes	The research in Leuven has been supported by the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO, Belgium), and by the Flemish Concerted Research Action program (BOF KU Leuven, Project No. GOA/14/007). Z.L. acknowledges the support from the China Scholarship Council (No. 2011624021) and from Internal Funds KU Leuven. K.S. acknowledges additional support from the FWO. The research in Moscow has been supported by grants of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR).			Approved	Most recent IF: 12.124
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:138983			Serial	4336
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	Author	Bekaert, J.; Vercauteren, S.; Aperis, A.; Komendová, L.; Prozorov, R.; Partoens, B.; Milošević, M.V.
	Title	Anisotropic type-I superconductivity and anomalous superfluid density in OsB2			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Physical review B	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev B
	Volume	94	Issue	94	Pages	144506
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	We present a microscopic study of superconductivity in OsB2 , and discuss the origin and characteristic length scales of the superconducting state. From first-principles we show that OsB2 is characterized by three different Fermi sheets, and we prove that this fermiology complies with recent quantum-oscillation experiments. Using the found microscopic properties, and experimental data from the literature, we employ Ginzburg-Landau relations to reveal that OsB2 is a distinctly type-I superconductor with a very low Ginzburg-Landau parameter κ—a rare property among compound materials. We show that the found coherence length and penetration depth corroborate the measured thermodynamic critical field. Moreover, our calculation of the superconducting gap structure using anisotropic Eliashberg theory and ab initio calculated electron-phonon interaction as input reveals a single but anisotropic gap. The calculated gap spectrum is shown to give an excellent account for the unconventional behavior of the superfluid density of OsB2 measured in experiments as a function of temperature. This reveals that gap anisotropy can explain such behavior, observed in several compounds, which was previously attributed solely to a two-gap nature of superconductivity.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000385622500009	Publication Date	2016-10-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2469-9950	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.836	Times cited	19	Open Access
	Notes	Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; European Cooperation in Science and Technology, MP1201 ; Vetenskapsrådet;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.836
	Call Number	CMT @ cmt @ c:irua:139020			Serial	4338
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	Author	Sánchez-Iglesias, A.; Winckelmans, N.; Altantzis, T.; Bals, S.; Grzelczak, M.; Liz-Marzán, L.M.
	Title	High-Yield Seeded Growth of Monodisperse Pentatwinned Gold Nanoparticles through Thermally Induced Seed Twinning			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Journal of the American Chemical Society	Abbreviated Journal	J Am Chem Soc
	Volume	139	Issue	139	Pages	107-110
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	We show here that thermal treatment of small seeds results in extensive twinning and a subsequent drastic yield improvement (>85%) in the formation of pentatwinned nanoparticles, with pre-selected morphology (nanorods, bipyramids and decahedra) and aspect ratio. The “quality” of the seeds thus defines the yield of the obtained nanoparticles, which in the case of nanorods avoids the need for additives such as Ag+ ions. This modified seeded growth method also improves reproducibility, as the seeds can be stored for extended periods of time without compromising the quality of the final nanoparticles. Additionally, minor modification of the seeds with Pd allows their localization within the final particles, which opens new avenues toward mechanistic studies. All together, these results represent a paradigm shift in anisotropic gold nanoparticle synthesis.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000392036900025	Publication Date	2016-12-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0002-7863	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	13.858	Times cited	267	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	Financial support is acknowledged from the European Research Council through ERC Advanced Grant Plasmaquo and the ERC Starting Grant COLOURATOM. T.A. acknowledges financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through a postdoctoral grant. (ROMEO:white; preprint:; postprint:restricted 12 months embargo; pdfversion:cannot); ECAS_Sara			Approved	Most recent IF: 13.858
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:139018UA @ admin @ c:irua:139018			Serial	4339
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	Author	Rodal-Cedeira, S.; Montes-García, V.; Polavarapu, L.; Solís, D.M.; Heidari, H.; La Porta, A.; Angiola, M.; Martucci, A.; Taboada, J.M.; Obelleiro, F.; Bals, S.; Pérez-Juste, J.; Pastoriza-Santos, I.
	Title	Plasmonic Au@Pd Nanorods with Boosted Refractive Index Susceptibility and SERS Efficiency: A Multifunctional Platform for Hydrogen Sensing and Monitoring of Catalytic Reactions			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Chemistry of materials	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Mater
	Volume	28	Issue	28	Pages	9169-9180
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Palladium nanoparticles (NPs) have received tremendous attention over the years due to their high catalytic activity for various chemical reactions. However, unlike other noble metal nanoparticles such as Au and Ag NPs, they exhibit poor plasmonic properties with broad extinction spectra and less scattering efficiency, and thus limiting their applications in the field of plasmonics. Therefore, it has been challenging to integrate tunable and strong plasmonic properties into catalytic Pd nanoparticles. Here we show that plasmonic Au@Pd nanorods (NRs) with relatively narrow and remarkably tunable optical responses in the NIR region can be obtained by directional growth of Pd on penta-twinned Au NR seeds. We found the presence of bromide ions facilitates the stabilization of facets for the directional growth of Pd shell to obtain Au@Pd nanorods (NR) with controlled length scales. Interestingly, it turns out the Au NR supported Pd NRs exhibit much narrow extinction compared to pure Pd NRs, which makes them suitable for plasmonic sensing applications. Moreover, these nanostructures display, to the best of our knowledge, one of the highest ensemble refractive index sensitivity values reported to date (1067 nm per refractive index unit, RIU). Additionally, we showed the application of such plasmonic Au@Pd NRs for localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)-based sensing of hydrogen both in solution as well as on substrate. Finally, we demonstrate the integration of excellent plasmonic properties in catalytic palladium enables the in situ monitoring of a reaction progress by surface-enhanced Raman scattering. We postulate the proposed approach to boost the plasmonic properties of Pd nanoparticles will ignite the design of complex shaped plasmonic Pd NPs to be used in various plasmonic applications such as sensing and in situ monitoring of various chemical reactions.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000391080900036	Publication Date	2016-12-27
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0897-4756	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	9.466	Times cited	80	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	Funding from Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Grants MAT2013-45168-R and MAT2016-77809-R) is gratefully acknowledge. A.L.P. and S.B. acknowledge support by the European Research Council through an ERC Starting Grant (#335078-COLOURATOMS). L. P. acknowledges the financial support from by the Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung. V. M.-G. acknowledges the financial support from FPU scholarship from the Spanish MINECO. (ROMEO:white; preprint:; postprint:restricted 12 months embargo; pdfversion:cannot); ECAS_Sara			Approved	Most recent IF: 9.466
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:139513			Serial	4344
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	Author	De Bie, C.; van Dijk, J.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	CO₂Hydrogenation in a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Revealed			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	The journal of physical chemistry: C : nanomaterials and interfaces	Abbreviated Journal	J Phys Chem C
	Volume	120	Issue	120	Pages	25210-25224
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	The hydrogenation of carbon dioxide in a dielectric barrier discharge plasma is studied with a one-dimensional fluid model. The spatially averaged densities of the most important end products formed in the CO2/H2 mixture are determined as a function of the initial gas mixing ratio. CO and H2O are found to be present at the highest densities and to a lower content also CH4, C2H6, CH2O, CH3OH, O2, and some other higher hydrocarbons and oxygenates. The main underlying reaction pathways for the conversion of the inlet gases and the formation of CO, CH4, CH2O, and CH3OH are pointed out for various gas mixing ratios. The CO2 conversion and the production of value added products is found to be quite low, also in comparison to a CO2/CH4 mixture, and this can be explained by the model.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000387737900007	Publication Date	2016-11-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1932-7447	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	4.536	Times cited	16	Open Access
	Notes	Federaal Wetenschapsbeleid; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek;			Approved	Most recent IF: 4.536
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @ c:irua:140082 c:irua:139167			Serial	4414
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	Author	Juchtmans, R.; Clark, L.; Lubk, A.; Verbeeck, J.
	Title	Spiral phase plate contrast in optical and electron microscopy			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Physical review A	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev A
	Volume	94	Issue	94	Pages	023838
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The use of phase plates in the back focal plane of a microscope is a well-established technique in optical microscopy to increase the contrast of weakly interacting samples and is gaining interest in electron microscopy as well. In this paper we study the spiral phase plate (SPP), also called helical, vortex, or two-dimensional Hilbert phase plate, which adds an angularly dependent phase of the form exp(iℓϕk) to the exit wave in Fourier space. In the limit of large collection angles, we analytically calculate that the average of a pair of l=+-1 SPP filtered images is directly proportional to the gradient squared of the exit wave, explaining the edge contrast previously seen in optical SPP work. We discuss the difference between a clockwise-anticlockwise pair of SPP filtered images and derive conditions under which the modulus of the wave's gradient can be seen directly from one SPP filtered image. This work provides the theoretical background to interpret images obtained with a SPP, thereby opening new perspectives for new experiments to study, for example, magnetic materials in an electron microscope.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000381882800011	Publication Date	2016-08-22
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2469-9926	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.925	Times cited	10	Open Access
	Notes	The authors acknowledge support from the FWO (Aspirant Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek – Vlaanderen) and the EU under the Seventh Framework Program (FP7) under a contract for an Integrated Infrastructure Initiative, Reference No. 312483-ESTEEM2 and ERC Starting Grant No. 278510 VORTEX.; ECASJO_			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.925
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:140086			Serial	4418
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	Author	Kurttepeli, M.; Locus, R.; Verboekend, D.; de Clippel, F.; Breynaert, E.; Martens, J.; Sels, B.; Bals, S.
	Title	Synthesis of aluminum-containing hierarchical mesoporous materials with columnar mesopore ordering by evaporation induced self assembly			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Microporous and mesoporous materials: zeolites, clays, carbons and related materials	Abbreviated Journal	Micropor Mesopor Mat
	Volume	234	Issue	234	Pages	186-195
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The incorporation of aluminum into the silica columns of hierarchical mesoporous materials (HMMs) was studied. The HMMs were synthesized by a combination of hard and soft templating methods, forming mesoporous SBA-15-type silica columns inside the pores of anodic aluminum oxide membranes via evaporation induced self-assembly (EISA). By adding Al-isopropoxide to the EISA-mixture a full tetrahedral incorporation of Al and thus the creation of acid sites was achieved, which was proved by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Electron microscopy showed that the use of Al-isopropoxide as an Al source for the HMMs led to a change in the mesopore ordering of silica material from circular hexagonal (donut-like) to columnar hexagonal and a 37% increase in specific surface (BET surface). These results were confirmed by a combination of nitrogen physisorption and small-angle X-ray scattering experiments and can be attributed to a swelling of the P123 micelles with isopropanol. The columnar mesopore ordering of silica is advantageous towards the pore accessibility and therefore preferential for many possible applications including catalysis and adsorption on the acid tetrahedral Al-sites. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000383291400020	Publication Date	2016-07-09
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1387-1811	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.615	Times cited	5	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	; The Belgian government (Belgian Science Policy Office, Belspo) is acknowledged for financing the Interuniversity Attraction Poles (IAP-PAI). S. B. acknowledges the financial support from the European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant #335078-COLOURATOMS). D. V. acknowledges the Flanders Research Foundation (FWO). ; ecas_Sara			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.615
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:137108			Serial	4404
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	Author	Zanaga, D.; Altantzis, T.; Sanctorum, J.; Freitag, B.; Bals, S.
	Title	An alternative approach for \zeta-factor measurement using pure element nanoparticles			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Ultramicroscopy	Abbreviated Journal	Ultramicroscopy
	Volume	164	Issue		Pages	11-16
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	It is very challenging to measure the chemical composition of hetero nanostructures in a reliable and quantitative manner. Here, we propose a novel and straightforward approach that can be used to quantify energy dispersive X-ray spectra acquired in a transmission electron microscope. Our method is based on a combination of electron tomography and the so-called zeta-factor technique. We will demonstrate the reliability of our approach as well as its applicability by investigating Au-Ag and Au-Pt hetero nanostructures. Given its simplicity, we expect that the method could become a new standard in the field of chemical characterization using electron microscopy. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000373526200002	Publication Date	2016-03-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0304-3991	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.843	Times cited	19	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	; The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant # 335078-COLOURATOMS) and the European Union under the FP7 (Integrated Infrastructure Initiative N. 312483 – ESTEEM2). ; ecas_Sara			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.843
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:133259			Serial	4439
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	Author	Verduyckt, J.; Van Hoof, M.; De Schouwer, F.; Wolberg, M.; Kurttepeli, M.; Eloy, P.; Gaigneaux, E.M.; Bals, S.; Kirschhock, C.E.A.; De Vos, D.E.
	Title	PdPb-catalyzed decarboxylation of proline to pyrrolidine : highly selective formation of a biobased amine in water			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	ACS catalysis	Abbreviated Journal	Acs Catal
	Volume	6	Issue	6	Pages	7303-7310
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Amino acids have huge potential as platform chemicals in the biobased industry. Pd-catalyzed decarboxylation is a very promising route for the valorization of these natural compounds derived from protein waste or fermentation. We report that the highly abundant and nonessential amino acid L-proline is very reactive in the Pd-catalyzed decarboxylation. Full conversions are obtained with Pd/C and different Pd/MeOx catalysts; this allowed the identification of the different side reactions and the mapping of the reaction network. Due to the high reactivity of pyrrolidine, the selectivity for pyrrolidine was initially low. By carefully modifying Pd/ZrO2 with Pb in a controlled manner-via two incipient wetness impregnation steps-the selectivity increased remarkably. Finally, a thorough investigation of the reaction parameters resulted in an increased activity of this modified catalyst and an even further enhanced selectivity under a low H-2 pressure of 4 bar at 235 degrees C in water. This results in a very selective and sustainable production route for the highly interesting pyrrolidine.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000387306100005	Publication Date	2016-09-16
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2155-5435	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	10.614	Times cited	27	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	; J.V. and F.D.S. thank Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO) and Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT) for doctoral fellowships. D.D.V. acknowledges IWT and FWO for research project funding. D.D.V. and C.E.A.K. acknowledge the Flemish government for long-term structural funding through Methusalem. D.D.V. and S.B. acknowledge Belspo (IAP-PAI 7/05) for financial support. S.B. is grateful for funding by the European Research Council (ERC starting grant no. 335078-COLOURATOMS). The authors also thank the Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Germany for use of their XRD equipment. Finally, the assistance of Karel Duerinckx, Werner Wouters, Walter Vermandel, Ivo Stassen, Dries Jonckheere, Sabina Accardo and Bart Bueken with 11-1 NMR, pressure reactors, CO chemisorption, N<INF>2</INF> physisorption, SEM, gas phase FTIR and high-throughput XRD, respectively, is very much appreciated. ; ecas_Sara			Approved	Most recent IF: 10.614
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:139171			Serial	4445
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	Author	Grzelczak, M.; Sanchez-Iglesias, A.; Heidari, H.; Bals, S.; Pastoriza-Santos, I.; Perez-Juste, J.; Liz-Marzan, L.M.
	Title	Silver Ions Direct Twin-Plane Formation during the Overgrowth of Single-Crystal Gold Nanoparticles			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	ACS Omega	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	1	Issue	1	Pages	177-181
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	It is commonly agreed that the crystalline structure of seeds dictates the crystallinity of final nanoparticles in a seeded-growth process. Although the formation of monocrystalline particles does require the use of single-crystal seeds, twin planes may stem from either single-or polycrystalline seeds. However, experimental control over twin-plane formation remains difficult to achieve synthetically. Here, we show that a careful interplay between kinetics and selective surface passivation offers a unique handle over the emergence of twin planes (in decahedra and triangles) during the growth over single-crystalline gold nanoparticles of quasi-spherical shape. Twinning can be suppressed under conditions of slow kinetics in the presence of silver ions, yielding single-crystalline particles with high-index facets.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000391203300002	Publication Date	2016-08-03
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2470-1343;2470-1343;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited	18	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	; This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad MINECO (grants: MAT2013-46101-R, MAT2013-49375-EXP, MAT2013-45168-R). Financial support is acknowledged by the European Research Council (ERC Advanced Grant # 267867, PLASMAQUO; ERC Starting Grant #335078-COLOURATOM). ; ecas_Sara			Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:140398			Serial	4446
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	Author	Bogaerts, A.; Khosravian, N.; Van der Paal, J.; Verlackt, C.C.W.; Yusupov, M.; Kamaraj, B.; Neyts, E.C.
	Title	Multi-level molecular modelling for plasma medicine			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Journal Of Physics D-Applied Physics	Abbreviated Journal	J Phys D Appl Phys
	Volume	49	Issue	5	Pages	054002-54019
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-3727	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor	2.588	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.588
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:129798			Serial	4467
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	Author	Laroussi, M.; Bogaerts, A.; Barekzi, N.
	Title	Plasma processes and polymers third special issue on plasma and cancer			Type	Editorial
	Year	2016	Publication	Plasma processes and polymers	Abbreviated Journal	Plasma Process Polym
	Volume	13	Issue	13	Pages	1142-1143
	Keywords	Editorial; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000393131600001	Publication Date	2016-10-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1612-8850	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.846	Times cited	1	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.846
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @ c:irua:141546			Serial	4474
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	Author	Bruggeman, P.J.; Kushner, M.J.; Locke, B.R.; Gardeniers, J.G.E.; Graham, W.G.; Graves, D.B.; Hofman-Caris, R.C.H.M.; Maric, D.; Reid, J.P.; Ceriani, E.; Fernandez Rivas, D.; Foster, J.E.; Garrick, S.C.; Gorbanev, Y.; Hamaguchi, S.; Iza, F.; Jablonowski, H.; Klimova, E.; Kolb, J.; Krcma, F.; Lukes, P.; Machala, Z.; Marinov, I.; Mariotti, D.; Mededovic Thagard, S.; Minakata, D.; Neyts, E.C.; Pawlat, J.; Petrovic, Z.L.; Pflieger, R.; Reuter, S.; Schram, D.C.; Schröter, S.; Shiraiwa, M.; Tarabová, B.; Tsai, P.A.; Verlet, J.R.R.; von Woedtke, T.; Wilson, K.R.; Yasui, K.; Zvereva, G.
	Title	Plasma–liquid interactions: a review and roadmap			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Plasma sources science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	Plasma Sources Sci T
	Volume	25	Issue	5	Pages	053002
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Plasma–liquid interactions represent a growing interdisciplinary area of research involving plasma science, fluid dynamics, heat and mass transfer, photolysis, multiphase chemistry and aerosol science. This review provides an assessment of the state-of-the-art of this multidisciplinary area and identifies the key research challenges. The developments in diagnostics, modeling and further extensions of cross section and reaction rate databases that are necessary to address these challenges are discussed. The review focusses on nonequilibrium plasmas.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000384715400001	Publication Date	2016-09-30
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1361-6595	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.302	Times cited	460	Open Access
	Notes	This manuscript originated from discussions at the Lorentz Center Workshop ‘Gas/Plasma–Liquid Interface: Transport, Chemistry and Fundamental Data’ that took place at the Lorentz Center, Leiden University in the Netherlands from August 4, through August 8, 2014, and follow-up discussions since the workshop. All authors acknowledge the support of the Lorentz Center, the COST action TD1208 (Electrical Discharges with Liquids for Future Applications) and the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences for their financial support. PJB, MJK, DBG and JEF acknowledge the support of the ‘Center on Control of Plasma Kinetics’ of the United States Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Science (DE-SC0001319). In addition, PJB and BRL acknowledge the support of the National Science Foundation (PHY 1500135 and CBET 1236225, respectively). In addition the enormous help of Mrs. Victoria Piorek (University of Minnesota) in the formatting of the final document including the references is gratefully acknowledged.			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.302
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @ c:irua:144654			Serial	4628
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	Author	Vagov, A.; Shanenko, A.A.; Milošević, M.V.; Axt, V.M.; Vinokur, V.M.; Aguiar, J.A.; Peeters, F.M.
	Title	Superconductivity between standard types: Multiband versus single-band materials			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Physical review B	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev B
	Volume	93	Issue	93	Pages	174503
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000375527500001	Publication Date	2016-05-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2469-9950	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.836	Times cited	37	Open Access
	Notes	Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, 307552/2012-8 141911/2012-3 ; Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco, APQ-0589-1.05/08 ; U.S. Department of Energy;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.836
	Call Number	CMT @ cmt @ c:irua:141732			Serial	4480
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	Author	Yagmurcukardes, M.; Peeters, F.M.; Senger, R.T.; Sahin, H.
	Title	Nanoribbons: From fundamentals to state-of-the-art applications			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Applied physics reviews	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Phys Rev
	Volume	3	Issue	3	Pages	041302
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	Atomically thin nanoribbons (NRs) have been at the forefront of materials science and nanoelectronics in recent years. State-of-the-art research on nanoscale materials has revealed that electronic, magnetic, phononic, and optical properties may differ dramatically when their one-dimensional forms are synthesized. The present article aims to review the recent advances in synthesis techniques and theoretical studies on NRs. The structure of the review is organized as follows: After a brief introduction to low dimensional materials, we review different experimental techniques for the synthesis of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with their advantages and disadvantages. In addition, theoretical investigations on width and edge-shape-dependent electronic and magnetic properties, functionalization effects, and quantum transport properties of GNRs are reviewed. We then devote time to the NRs of the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) family. First, various synthesis techniques, E-field-tunable electronic and magnetic properties, and edge-dependent thermoelectric performance of NRs of MoS2 and WS2 are discussed. Then, strongly anisotropic properties, growth-dependent morphology, and the weakly width-dependent bandgap of ReS2 NRs are summarized. Next we discuss TMDs having a T-phase morphology such as TiSe2 and stable single layer NRs of mono-chalcogenides. Strong edge-type dependence on characteristics of GaS NRs, width-dependent Seebeck coefficient of SnSe NRs, and experimental analysis on the stability of ZnSe NRs are reviewed. We then focus on the most recently emerging NRs belonging to the class of transition metal trichalcogenides which provide ultra-high electron mobility and highly anisotropic quasi-1D properties. In addition, width-, edge-shape-, and functionalization-dependent electronic and mechanical properties of blackphosphorus, a monoatomic anisotropic material, and studies on NRs of group IV elements (silicene, germanene, and stanene) are reviewed. Observation of substrate-independent quantum well states, edge and width dependent properties, the topological phase of silicene NRs are reviewed. In addition, H-2 concentration-dependent transport properties and anisotropic dielectric function of GeNRs and electric field and strain sensitive I-V characteristics of SnNRs are reviewed. We review both experimental and theoretical studies on the NRs of group III-V compounds. While defect and N-termination dependent conductance are highlighted for boron nitride NRs, aluminum nitride NRs are of importance due to their dangling bond, electric field, and strain dependent electronic and magnetic properties. Finally, superlattice structure of NRs of GaN/AlN, Si/Ge, G/BN, and MoS2/WS2 is reviewed. Published by AIP Publishing.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Amer inst physics	Place of Publication	Melville	Editor
	Language		Wos	000390443800013	Publication Date	2016-11-14
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1931-9401	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	13.667	Times cited	63	Open Access
	Notes	; Computational resources were provided by TUBITAK ULAKBIM, High Performance and Grid Computing Center (TR-Grid e-Infrastructure). H.S. acknowledges the support from Bilim Akademisi-The Science Academy, Turkey under the BAGEP program. R.T.S. acknowledges the support from TUBITAK through Project No. 114F397. F.M.P. was supported by the Flemish Science Foundation (FWO-Vl) and the Methusalem program. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 13.667
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:140299			Serial	4457
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