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	Author	Wardenier, N.; Gorbanev, Y.; Van Moer, I.; Nikiforov, A.; Van Hulle, S.W.H.; Surmont, P.; Lynen, F.; Leys, C.; Bogaerts, A.; Vanraes, P.
	Title	Removal of alachlor in water by non-thermal plasma: Reactive species and pathways in batch and continuous process			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Water research	Abbreviated Journal	Water Res
	Volume	161	Issue		Pages	549-559
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Pesticides are emerging contaminants frequently detected in the aquatic environment. In this work, a novel approach combining activated carbon adsorption, oxygen plasma treatment and ozonation was studied for the removal of the persistent chlorinated pesticide alachlor. A comparison was made between the removal efﬁciency and energy consumption for two different reactor operation modes: batchrecirculation and single-pass mode. The kinetics study revealed that the insufﬁcient removal of alachlor by adsorption was signiﬁcantly improved in terms of degradation efﬁciency and energy consumption when combined with the plasma treatment. The best efﬁciency (ca. 80% removal with an energy cost of 19.4 kWh mÀ3) was found for the single-pass operational mode of the reactor. In the batch-recirculating process, a complete elimination of alachlor by plasma treatment was observed after 30 min of treatment. Analysis of the reactive species induced by plasma in aqueous solutions showed that the decomposition of alachlor mainly occurred through a radical oxidation mechanism, with a minor contribution of long-living oxidants (O3, H2O2). Investigation of the alachlor oxidation pathways revealed six different oxidation mechanisms, including the loss of aromaticity which was never before reported for plasma-assisted degradation of aromatic pesticides. It was revealed that the removal rate and energy cost could be further improved with more than 50% by additional O3 gas bubbling in the solution reservoir.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000475999400054	Publication Date	2019-06-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0043-1354	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.942	Times cited	2	Open Access
	Notes	PlasmaTex project IWT, 1408/2 ; the European Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship within Horizon2020, 743151 ; Flemish Knowledge Centre Water; This work was ﬁnancially supported by the PlasmaTex project IWT 1408/2 and the European Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship within Horizon2020 (‘LTPAM’, grant no. 743151). This research was initiated within the LED H2O project which is ﬁnancially supported by the Flemish Knowledge Centre Water (Vlakwa).			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.942
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:161173			Serial	5288
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	Author	Vanraes, P.; Wardenier, N.; Surmont, P.; Lynen, F.; Nikiforov, A.; Van Hulle, S.W.H.; Leys, C.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Removal of alachlor, diuron and isoproturon in water in a falling film dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor combined with adsorption on activated carbon textile: Reaction mechanisms and oxidation by-products			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Journal of hazardous materials	Abbreviated Journal	J Hazard Mater
	Volume	354	Issue		Pages	180-190
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	A falling film dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactor combined with adsorption on activated carbon textile material was optimized to minimize the formation of hazardous oxidation by-products from the treatment of persistent pesticides (alachlor, diuron and isoproturon) in water. The formation of by-products and the reaction mechanism was investigated by HPLC-TOF-MS. The maximum concentration of each by-product was at least two orders of magnitude below the initial pesticide concentration, during the first 10 min of treatment. After 30 min of treatment, the individual by-product concentrations had decreased to values of at least three orders of magnitude below the initial pesticide concentration. The proposed oxidation pathways revealed five main oxidation steps: dechlorination, dealkylation, hydroxylation, addition of a double-bonded oxygen and nitrification. The latter is one of the main oxidation mechanisms of diuron and isoproturon for air plasma treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the formation of nitrificated intermediates is reported for the plasma treatment of non-phenolic compounds.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000437814600021	Publication Date	2018-05-03
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0304-3894	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.065	Times cited	4	Open Access	Not_Open_Access: Available from 04.05.2020
	Notes	This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. The authors would like to thank Carbon Cloth Division for Zorflex® samples and personally thank Jack Taylor for fruitful discussion of active carbon water treatment processes			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.065
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:152179			Serial	4989
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	Author	Chen, Z.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Response to “Comment on 'Laser ablation of Cu and plume expansion into 1 atm ambient gas'” [J. Appl. Phys. 115, 166101 (2014)]			Type	Editorial
	Year	2014	Publication	Journal of applied physics	Abbreviated Journal	J Appl Phys
	Volume	115	Issue	16	Pages	166102
	Keywords	Editorial; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Institute of Physics	Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000335228400092	Publication Date	2014-05-01
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0021-8979;1089-7550;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.068	Times cited	1	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.068; 2014 IF: 2.183
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:117171			Serial	2898
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	Author	Ramakers, M.; Medrano, J.A.; Trenchev, G.; Gallucci, F.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Revealing the arc dynamics in a gliding arc plasmatron: a better insight to improve CO₂conversion			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	Plasma sources science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	Plasma Sources Sci T
	Volume	26	Issue	12	Pages	125002
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	A gliding arc plasmatron (GAP) is very promising for CO2 conversion into value-added chemicals, but to further improve this important application, a better understanding of the arc behavior is indispensable. Therefore, we study here for the first time the dynamic arc behavior of the GAP by means of a high-speed camera, for different reactor configurations and in a wide range of operating conditions. This allows us to provide a complete image of the behavior of the gliding arc. More specifically, the arc body shape, diameter, movement and rotation speed are analyzed and discussed. Clearly, the arc movement and shape relies on a number of factors, such as gas turbulence, outlet diameter, electrode surface, gas contraction and buoyance force. Furthermore, we also compare the experimentally measured arc movement to a state-of-the-art 3D-plasma model, which predicts the plasma movement and rotation speed with very good accuracy, to gain further insight in the underlying mechanisms. Finally, we correlate the arc dynamics with the CO2 conversion and energy efficiency, at exactly the same conditions, to explain the effect of these parameters on the CO2 conversion process. This work is important for understanding and optimizing the GAP for CO2 conversion.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000414675000001	Publication Date	2017-11-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1361-6595	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.302	Times cited	7	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	This work was supported by the Belgian Federal Office for Science Policy (BELSPO) and the Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO; grant numbers G.0383.16N and 11U5316N).			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.302
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:147023			Serial	4761
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	Author	Autrique, D.; Gornushkin, I.; Alexiades, V.; Chen, Z.; Bogaerts, A.; Rethfeld, B.
	Title	Revisiting the interplay between ablation, collisional, and radiative processes during ns-laser ablation			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Applied physics letters	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Phys Lett
	Volume	103	Issue	17	Pages	174102-174105
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	A study of ns-laser ablation is presented, which focuses on the transient behavior of the physical processes that act in and above a copper sample. A dimensionless multiphase collisional radiative model describes the interplay between the ablation, collisional, and radiative mechanisms. Calculations are done for a 6 ns-Nd:YAG laser pulse operating at 532 nm and fluences up to 15 J/cm2. Temporal intensity profiles as well as transmissivities are in good agreement with experimental results. It is found that volumetric ablation mechanisms and photo-processes both play an essential role in the onset of ns-laser induced breakdown.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Institute of Physics	Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000326455100107	Publication Date	2013-10-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-6951;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.411	Times cited	13	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.411; 2013 IF: 3.515
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:110944			Serial	2906
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	Author	Bekeschus, S.; Freund, E.; Spadola, C.; Privat-Maldonado, A.; Hackbarth, C.; Bogaerts, A.; Schmidt, A.; Wende, K.; Weltmann, K.-D.; von Woedtke, T.; Heidecke, C.-D.; Partecke, L.-I.; Käding, A.
	Title	Risk Assessment of kINPen Plasma Treatment of Four Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines with Respect to Metastasis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Cancers	Abbreviated Journal	Cancers
	Volume	11	Issue	9	Pages	1237
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Cold physical plasma has limited tumor growth in many preclinical models and is, therefore, suggested as a putative therapeutic option against cancer. Yet, studies investigating the cells’ metastatic behavior following plasma treatment are scarce, although being of prime importance to evaluate the safety of this technology. Therefore, we investigated four human pancreatic cancer cell lines for their metastatic behavior in vitro and in chicken embryos (in ovo). Pancreatic cancer was chosen as it is particularly metastatic to the peritoneum and systemically, which is most predictive for outcome. In vitro, treatment with the kINPen plasma jet reduced pancreatic cancer cell activity and viability, along with unchanged or decreased motility. Additionally, the expression of adhesion markers relevant for metastasis was down-regulated, except for increased CD49d. Analysis of 3D tumor spheroid outgrowth showed a lack of plasma-spurred metastatic behavior. Finally, analysis of tumor tissue grown on chicken embryos validated the absence of an increase of metabolically active cells physically or chemically detached with plasma treatment. We conclude that plasma treatment is a safe and promising therapeutic option and that it does not promote metastatic behavior in pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in ovo.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000489719000022	Publication Date	2019-08-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2072-6694	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited	4	Open Access
	Notes	The authors acknowledge that this work was supported by grants funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), grant number 03Z22DN11. We want to thank the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO) for providing funding to APM under the “long stay abroad” scheme (grant code V415618N). APM and AB acknowledge financial support from the Methusalem project. Technical support by Felix Niessner and Antje Janetzko is gratefully acknowledged.			Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:162106			Serial	5357
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	Author	Freund, E.; Spadola, C.; Schmidt, A.; Privat-Maldonado, A.; Bogaerts, A.; von Woedtke, T.; Weltmann, K.-D.; Heidecke, C.-D.; Partecke, L.-I.; Käding, A.; Bekeschus, S.
	Title	Risk Evaluation of EMT and Inflammation in Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer Cells Following Plasma Treatment			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Frontiers in physics	Abbreviated Journal	Front. Phys.
	Volume	8	Issue		Pages
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	The requirements for new technologies to serve as anticancer agents go far beyond their toxicity potential. Novel applications also need to be safe on a molecular and patient level. In a broader sense, this also relates to cancer metastasis and inflammation. In a previous study, the toxicity of an atmospheric pressure argon plasma jet in four human pancreatic cancer cell lines was confirmed and plasma treatment did not promote metastasis in vitro and in ovo. Here, these results are extended by additional types of analysis and new models to validate and define on a molecular level the changes related to metastatic processes in pancreatic cancer cells following plasma treatment in vitro and in ovo. In solid tumors that were grown on the chorion-allantois membrane of fertilized chicken eggs (TUM-CAM), plasma treatment induced modest to profound apoptosis in the tissues. This, however, was not associated with a change in the expression levels of adhesion molecules, as shown using immunofluorescence of ultrathin tissue sections. Culturing of the cells detached from these solid tumors for 6d revealed a similar or smaller total growth area and expression of ZEB1, a transcription factor associated with cancer metastasis, in the plasma-treated pancreatic cancer tissues. Analysis of in vitro and in ovo supernatants of 13 different cytokines and chemokines revealed cell line-specific effects of the plasma treatment but a noticeable increase of, e.g., growth-promoting interleukin 10 was not observed. Moreover, markers of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a metastasis-promoting cellular program, were investigated. Plasma-treated pancreatic cancer cells did not present an EMT-profile. Finally, a realistic 3D tumor spheroid co-culture model with pancreatic stellate cells was employed, and the invasive properties in a gel-like cellular matrix were investigated. Tumor outgrowth and spread was similar or decreased in the plasma conditions. Altogether, these results provide valuable insights into the effect of plasma treatment on metastasis-related properties of cancer cells and did not suggest EMT-promoting effects of this novel cancer therapy.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000581086900001	Publication Date	2020-10-09
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2296-424X	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.1	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	We thankfully acknowledge the technical support by Felix Niessner and Antje Janetzko. We also thank Jonas Van Audenaerde and Evelien Smits for generating the transduced cell lines used in this study.			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.1; 2020 IF: NA
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:172448			Serial	6425
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	Author	Bogaerts, A.; Gijbels, R.
	Title	Role of Ar²⁺ and Ar⁺₂ ions in a direct current argon glow discharge: a numerical description			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1999	Publication	Journal of applied physics	Abbreviated Journal	J Appl Phys
	Volume	86	Issue	8	Pages	4124-4133
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Institute of Physics	Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000082840300009	Publication Date	2002-07-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0021-8979;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.068	Times cited	50	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.068; 1999 IF: 2.275
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:28322			Serial	2923
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	Author	Bleiner, D.; Chen, Z.; Autrique, D.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Role of laser-induced melting and vaporization of metals during ICP-MS and LIBS analysis, investigated with computer simulations and experiments			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2006	Publication	Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal	J Anal Atom Spectrom
	Volume	21	Issue	9	Pages	910-921
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	000240082600010	Publication Date	2006-06-01
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0267-9477;1364-5544;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.379	Times cited	42	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.379; 2006 IF: 3.630
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:58840			Serial	2914
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	Author	Bogaerts, A.; Gijbels, R.
	Title	Role of sputtered Cu atoms and ions in a direct current glow discharge: combined fluid and Monte Carlo model			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1996	Publication	Journal of applied physics	Abbreviated Journal	J Appl Phys
	Volume	79	Issue	3	Pages	1279-1286
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Institute of Physics	Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	A1996TT92200011	Publication Date	2002-07-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0021-8979;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.183	Times cited	81	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY 96/271 Q2 #
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:16239			Serial	2920
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	Author	Baguer, N.; Bogaerts, A.; Gijbels, R.
	Title	Role of the fast Ar atoms, Ar⁺ ions and metastable Ar atoms in a hollow cathode glow discharge: study by a hybrid model			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2003	Publication	Journal of applied physics	Abbreviated Journal	J Appl Phys
	Volume	94	Issue		Pages	2212-2222
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Institute of Physics	Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000184469800011	Publication Date	2003-08-01
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0021-8979;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.068	Times cited	19	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.068; 2003 IF: 2.171
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:44013			Serial	2926
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	Author	de Bleecker, K.; Bogaerts, A.; Goedheer, W.
	Title	Role of the thermophoretic force on the transport of nanoparticles in dusty silane plasmas			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2005	Publication	Physical review : E : statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev E
	Volume	71	Issue		Pages	066405,1-9
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lancaster, Pa	Editor
	Language		Wos	000230275000081	Publication Date	2005-06-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1539-3755;1550-2376;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.366	Times cited	25	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.366; 2005 IF: 2.418
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:52907			Serial	2927
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	Author	Tinck, S.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Role of vibrationally excited HBr in a HBr/He inductively coupled plasma used for etching of silicon			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Journal of physics: D: applied physics	Abbreviated Journal	J Phys D Appl Phys
	Volume	49	Issue	49	Pages	245204
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	In this work, the role of vibrationally excited HBr (HBr(vib)) is computationally investigated for a HBr/He inductively coupled plasma applied for Si etching. It is found that at least 50% of all dissociations of HBr occur through HBr(vib). This additional dissociation pathway through HBr(vib) makes the plasma significantly more atomic. It also results in a slightly higher electron temperature (i.e. about 0.2 eV higher compared to simulation results where HBr(vib) is not included), as well as a higher gas temperature (i.e. about 50 K higher than without including HBr(vib)), due to the enhanced Franck–Condon heating through HBr(vib) dissociation, at the conditions investigated. Most importantly, the calculated etch rate with HBr(vib) included in the model is a factor 3 higher than in the case without HBr(vib), due to the higher fluxes of etching species (i.e. H and Br), while the chemical composition of the wafer surface shows no significant difference. Our calculations clearly show the importance of including HBr(vib) for accurate modeling of HBr-containing plasmas.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000377427100020	Publication Date	2016-05-17
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-3727	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.588	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	The Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO) is acknowledged for financial support of this work (Grant no. 0880.212.840). This work was carried out in part using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen, a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the University of Antwerp. Prof. Mark Kushner is also gratefully acknowledged for the useful discussions and for providing the HPEM code.			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.588
	Call Number	c:irua:133457			Serial	4072
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	Author	Privat-Maldonado, A.; Schmidt, A.; Lin, A.; Weltmann, K.-D.; Wende, K.; Bogaerts, A.; Bekeschus, S.
	Title	ROS from Physical Plasmas: Redox Chemistry for Biomedical Therapy			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity	Abbreviated Journal	Oxid Med Cell Longev
	Volume	2019	Issue		Pages	1-29
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Physical plasmas generate unique mixes of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS or ROS). Only a bit more than a decade ago, these plasmas, operating at body temperature, started to be considered for medical therapy with considerably little mechanistic redox chemistry or biomedical research existing on that topic at that time. Today, a vast body of evidence is available on physical plasma-derived ROS, from their spatiotemporal resolution in the plasma gas phase to sophisticated chemical and biochemical analysis of these species once dissolved in liquids. Data from<italic>in silico</italic>analysis dissected potential reaction pathways of plasma-derived reactive species with biological membranes, and<italic>in vitro</italic>and<italic>in vivo</italic>experiments in cell and animal disease models identified molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic benefits of physical plasmas. In 2013, the first medical plasma systems entered the European market as class IIa devices and have proven to be a valuable resource in dermatology, especially for supporting the healing of chronic wounds. The first results in cancer patients treated with plasma are promising, too. Due to the many potentials of this blooming new field ahead, there is a need to highlight the main concepts distilled from plasma research in chemistry and biology that serve as a mechanistic link between plasma physics (how and which plasma-derived ROS are produced) and therapy (what is the medical benefit). This inevitably puts cellular membranes in focus, as these are the natural interphase between ROS produced by plasmas and translation of their chemical reactivity into distinct biological responses.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000493001000003	Publication Date	2019-10-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1942-0900	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	4.593	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	KW and SB acknowledge funding by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (grant numbers 03Z22DN11 and 03Z22DN12). The work of SB is further supported by the European Social Fund (grant number ESF/14-BM-A55-0006). APM and AB acknowledge funding by the Methusalem Project. AL acknowledges funding from the Research Foundation Flanders (grant number 12S9218N). APM thanks Yury Gorbanev for his assistance with the preparation of this review.			Approved	Most recent IF: 4.593
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:163476			Serial	5373
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	Author	Depla, D.; Li, X.Y.; Mahieu, S.; van Aeken, K.; Leroy, W.P.; Haemers, J.; de Gryse, R.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Rotating cylindrical magnetron sputtering: simulation of the reactive process			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2010	Publication	Journal of applied physics	Abbreviated Journal	J Appl Phys
	Volume	107	Issue	11	Pages	113307,1-113307,9
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	A rotating cylindrical magnetron consists of a cylindrical tube, functioning as the cathode, which rotates around a stationary magnet assembly. In stationary mode, the cylindrical magnetron behaves similar to a planar magnetron with respect to the influence of reactive gas addition to the plasma. However, the transition from metallic mode to poisoned mode and vice versa depends on the rotation speed. An existing model has been modified to simulate the influence of target rotation on the well known hysteresis behavior during reactive magnetron sputtering. The model shows that the existing poisoning mechanisms, i.e., chemisorption, direct reactive ion implantation and knock on implantation, are insufficient to describe the poisoning behavior of the rotating target. A better description of the process is only possible by including the deposition of sputtered material on the target.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Institute of Physics	Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000278907100020	Publication Date	2010-06-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0021-8979;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.068	Times cited	15	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.068; 2010 IF: 2.079
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:82631			Serial	2930
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	Author	Ozkan, A.; Bogaerts, A.; Reniers, F.
	Title	Routes to increase the conversion and the energy efficiency in the splitting of CO₂by a dielectric barrier discharge			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	Journal of physics: D: applied physics	Abbreviated Journal	J Phys D Appl Phys
	Volume	50	Issue	50	Pages	084004
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Here, we present routes to increase CO2 conversion into CO using an atmospheric pressure dielectric-barrier discharge. The change in conversion as a function of simple plasma parameters, such as power, flow rate, but also frequency, on-and-off power pulse, thickness and the chemical nature of the dielectric, wall and gas temperature, are described. By means of an in-depth electrical characterization of the discharge (effective plasma voltage, dielectric voltage, plasma current, number and lifetime of the microdischarges), combined with infrared analysis of the walls of the reactor, optical emission spectroscopy for the gas temperature, and mass spectrometry for the CO2 conversion, we propose a global interpretation of the effect of all the experimental parameters on the conversion and efficiency of the reaction.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000395400700001	Publication Date	2017-01-30
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-3727	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.588	Times cited	28	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	The authors acknowledge financial support from the IAPVII/ 12, P7/34 (Interuniversity Attraction Pole) program PSIPhysical Chemistry of Plasma–Surface Interaction financially supported by the Belgian Federal Office for Science Policy (BELSPO). A Ozkan would like to thank the financial support given by the Fonds David et Alice Van Buuren.			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.588
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @ c:irua:140093			Serial	4415
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	Author	Chirumamilla, C.S.; Palagani, A.; Kamaraj, B.; Declerck, K.; Verbeek, M.W.C.; Ryabtsova, O.; De Bosscher, K.; Bougarne, N.; Ruttens, B.; Gevaert, K.; Houtman, R.; De Vos, W.H.; Joossens, J.; van der Veken, P.; Augustyns, K.; van Ostade, X.; Bogaerts, A.; De Winter, H.; Vanden Berghe, W.
	Title	Selective glucocorticoid receptor properties of GSK866 analogs with cysteine reactive warheads			Type	Administrative Services
	Year	2017	Publication	Frontiers in immunology	Abbreviated Journal	Front Immunol
	Volume	8	Issue		Pages	1324
	Keywords	Administrative Services; A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Medicinal Chemistry (UAMC)
	Abstract	Synthetic glucocorticoids (GC) are the mainstay therapy for treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory disorders. Due to the high adverse effects associated with long-term use, GC pharmacology has focused since the nineties on more selective GC ligand-binding strategies, classified as selective glucocorticoid receptor (GR) agonists (SEGRAs) or selective glucocorticoid receptor modulators (SEGRMs). In the current study, GSK866 analogs with electrophilic covalent-binding warheads were developed with potential SEGRA properties to improve their clinical safety profile for long-lasting topical skin disease applications. Since the off-rate of a covalently binding drug is negligible compared to that of a non-covalent drug, its therapeutic effects can be prolonged and typically, smaller doses of the drug are necessary to reach the same level of therapeutic efficacy, thereby potentially reducing systemic side effects. Different analogs of SEGRA GSK866 coupled to cysteine reactive warheads were characterized for GR potency and selectivity in various biochemical and cellular assays. GR- and NFκB-dependent reporter gene studies show favorable anti-inflammatory properties with reduced GR transactivation of two non-steroidal GSK866 analogs UAMC-1217 and UAMC-1218, whereas UAMC-1158 and UAMC-1159 compounds failed to modulate cellular GR activity. These results were further supported by GR immuno-localization and S211 phospho-GR western analysis, illustrating significant GR phosphoactivation and nuclear translocation upon treatment of GSK866, UAMC-1217, or UAMC-1218, but not in case of UAMC-1158 or UAMC-1159. Furthermore, mass spectrometry analysis of tryptic peptides of recombinant GR ligand-binding domain (LBD) bound to UAMC-1217 or UAMC-1218 confirmed covalent cysteine-dependent GR binding. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations, as well as glucocorticoid receptor ligand-binding domain (GR-LBD) coregulator interaction profiling of the GR-LBD bound to GSK866 or its covalently binding analogs UAMC-1217 or UAMC-1218 revealed subtle conformational differences that might underlie their SEGRA properties. Altogether, GSK866 analogs UAMC-1217 and UAMC-1218 hold promise as a novel class of covalent-binding SEGRA ligands for the treatment of topical inflammatory skin disorders.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Place of publication unknown	Editor
	Language		Wos	000414136300001	Publication Date	2017-11-01
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1664-3224	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.429	Times cited	2	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 6.429
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:146485			Serial	4750
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	Author	Yi, Y.; Li, S.; Cui, Z.; Hao, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Wang, L.; Liu, P.; Tu, X.; Xu, X.; Guo, H.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Selective oxidation of CH4 to CH3OH through plasma catalysis: Insights from catalyst characterization and chemical kinetics modelling			Type	A1 Journal Article;Methane conversion
	Year	2021	Publication	Applied Catalysis B-Environmental	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Catal B-Environ
	Volume	296	Issue		Pages	120384
	Keywords	A1 Journal Article;Methane conversion; Plasma catalysis; Selective oxidation; Methanol synthesis; Plasma chemistry; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
	Abstract	The selective oxidation of methane to methanol (SOMTM) by molecular oxygen is a holy grail in catalytic chemistry and remains a challenge in chemical industry. We perform SOMTM in a CH4/O2 plasma, at low temperature and atmospheric pressure, promoted by Ni-based catalysts, reaching 81 % liquid oxygenates selectivity and 50 % CH3OH selectivity, with an excellent catalytic stability. Chemical kinetics modelling shows that CH3OH in the plasma is mainly produced through radical reactions, i.e., CH4 + O(1D) → CH3O + H, followed by CH3O + H + M→ CH3OH + M and CH3O + HCO → CH3OH + CO. The catalyst characterization shows that the improved production of CH3OH is attributed to abundant chemisorbed oxygen species, originating from highly dispersed NiO phase with strong oxide support interaction with γ-Al2O3, which are capable of promoting CH3OH formation through E-R reactions and activating H2O molecules to facilitate CH3OH desorption.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000706860000003	Publication Date	2021-05-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0926-3373	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	9.446	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	National Natural Science Foundation of China; PetroChina Innovation Foundation; We acknowledge financial support from the PetroChina Innovation Foundation [grant ID: 2018D-5007-0501], the Young Star Project of Dalian Science and Technology Bureau [grant ID: 2019RQ042], the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant ID: 21503032] and the TOP research project of the Research Fund of the University of Antwerp [grant ID: 32249].			Approved	Most recent IF: 9.446
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:178816			Serial	6793
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	Author	Khalilov, U.; Yusupov, M.; Bogaerts, A.; Neyts, E.C.
	Title	Selective Plasma Oxidation of Ultrasmall Si Nanowires			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	The journal of physical chemistry: C : nanomaterials and interfaces	Abbreviated Journal	J Phys Chem C
	Volume	120	Issue	120	Pages	472-477
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Device performance of Si\|SiOx core-shell based nanowires critically depends on the exact control over the oxide thickness. Low-temperature plasma oxidation is a highly promising alternative to thermal oxidation allowing for improved control over the oxidation process, in particular for ultrasmall Si nanowires. We here elucidate the room temperature plasma oxidation mechanisms of ultrasmall Si nanowires using hybrid molecular dynamics / force-bias Monte Carlo simulations. We demonstrate how the oxidation and concurrent water formation mechanisms are a function of the oxidizing plasma species and we demonstrate how the resulting core-shell oxide thickness can be controlled through these species. A new mechanism of water formation is discussed in detail. The results provide a detailed atomic level explanation of the oxidation process of highly curved Si surfaces. These results point out a route toward plasma-based formation of ultrathin core-shell Si\|SiOx nanowires at room temperature.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000368562200057	Publication Date	2015-12-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1932-7447	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	4.536	Times cited	3	Open Access
	Notes	U.K. and M.Y. gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO), Grants 12M1315N and 1200216N. This work was carried out in part using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UA), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UA. We thank Prof. A. C. T. van Duin for sharing the ReaxFF code.			Approved	Most recent IF: 4.536
	Call Number	c:irua:130677			Serial	4002
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	Author	Berezhnoi, S.; Kaganovich, I.; Misina, M.; Bogaerts, A.; Gijbels, R.
	Title	Semianalytical description of nonlocal secondary electrons in a radio-frequency capacitively coupled plasma at intermediate pressures			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1999	Publication	IEEE transactions plasma science	Abbreviated Journal	Ieee T Plasma Sci
	Volume	27	Issue		Pages	1339-1347
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000083453000014	Publication Date	2002-08-24
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0093-3813;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.052	Times cited	7	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.052; 1999 IF: 1.085
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:28314			Serial	2980
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	Author	Cui, Z.; Zhou, C.; Jafarzadeh, A.; Meng, S.; Yi, Y.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, X.; Hao, Y.; Li, L.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	SF₆ catalytic degradation in a γ-Al₂O₃ packed bed plasma system : a combined experimental and theoretical study			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	High voltage	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1-11
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Effective abatement of the greenhouse gas sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) waste is of great importance for the environment protection. This work investigates the size effect and the surface properties of gamma-Al2O3 pellets on SF6 degradation in a packed bed dielectric barrier discharge (PB-DBD) system. Experimental results show that decreasing the packing size improves the filamentary discharges and promotes the ignition and the maintenance of plasma, enhancing the degradation performance at low input powers. However, too small packing pellets decrease the gas residence time and reduce the degradation efficiency, especially for the input power beyond 80 W. Besides, lowering the packing size promotes the generation of SO2, while reduces the yields of S-O-F products, corresponding to a better degradation. After the discharge, the pellet surface becomes smoother with the appearance of S and F elements. Density functional theory calculations show that SF6 is likely to be adsorbed at the Al-III site over the gamma-Al2O3(110) surface, and it is much more easily to decompose than in the gas phase. The fluorine gaseous products can decompose and stably adsorb on the pellet surface to change the surface element composition. This work provides a better understanding of SF6 degradation in a PB-DBD system.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000827312700001	Publication Date	2022-07-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2397-7264	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	4.4	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 4.4
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:189603			Serial	7208
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	Author	Cui, Z.; Zhou, C.; Jafarzadeh, A.; Zhang, X.; Hao, Y.; Li, L.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	SF₆ degradation in γ-Al₂O₃ packed DBD system : effects of hydration, reactive gases and plasma-induced surface charges			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	Plasma chemistry and plasma processing	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	43	Issue		Pages	635-656
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Packed-bed DBD (PB-DBD) plasmas hold promise for effective degradation of greenhouse gases like SF6. In this work, we conducted a combined experimental and theoretical study to investigate the effect of the packing surface structure and the plasma surface discharge on the SF6 degradation in a gamma-Al2O3 packing DBD system. Experimental results show that both the hydration effect of the surface (upon moisture) and the presence of excessive reactive gases in the plasma can significantly reduce the SF6 degradation, but they hardly change the discharge behavior. DFT results show that the pre-adsorption of species such as H, OH, H2O and O-2 can occupy the active sites (Al-III site) which negatively impacts the SF6 adsorption. H2O molecules pre-adsorbed at neighboring sites can promote the activation of SF6 molecules and lower the reaction barrier for the S-F bond-breaking process. Surface-induced charges and local external electric fields caused by the plasma can both improve the SF6 adsorption and enhance the elongation of the S-F bonds. Our results indicate that both the surface structure of the packing material and the plasma surface discharge are crucial for SF6 degradation performance, and the packing beads should be kept dry during the degradation. This work helps to understand the underlying mechanisms of SF6 degradation in a PB-DBD system.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000966639200001	Publication Date	2023-04-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0272-4324	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.6	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.6; 2023 IF: 2.355
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:196033			Serial	8516
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	Author	Cai, H.-bo; Yu, W.; Zhu, S.-ping; Zheng, C.-yang; Cao, L.-hua; Li, B.; Chen, Z.Y.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Short-pulse laser absorption in very steep plasma density gradients			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2006	Publication	Physics of plasmas	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Plasmas
	Volume	13	Issue		Pages	094504,1-4
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Woodbury, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000240877800057	Publication Date	2006-09-15
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1070-664X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.115	Times cited	17	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.115; 2006 IF: 2.258
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:59375			Serial	2995
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	Author	Bogaerts, A.; Gijbels, R.
	Title	Similarities and differences between direct current and radio-frequency glow discharges: a mathematical simulation			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2000	Publication	Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal	J Anal Atom Spectrom
	Volume	15	Issue		Pages	1191-1201
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	000089141900019	Publication Date	2002-07-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0267-9477;1364-5544;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.379	Times cited	25	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.379; 2000 IF: 3.488
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:34076			Serial	3001
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	Author	Kolev, S.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Similarities and differences between gliding glow and gliding arc discharges			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Plasma sources science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	Plasma Sources Sci T
	Volume	24	Issue	24	Pages	065023
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	In this work we have analyzed the properties of a gliding dc discharge in argon at atmospheric pressure. Despite the usual designation of these discharges as ‘gliding arc discharges’, it was found previously that they operate in two different regimes—glow and arc. Here we analyze the differences in both regimes by means of two dimensional fluid modeling. In order to address different aspects of the discharge operation, we use two models—Cartesian and axisymmetric in a cylindrical coordinate system. The obtained results show that the two types of discharges produce a similar plasma column for a similar discharge current. However, the different mechanisms of plasma channel attachment to the cathode could produce certain differences in the plasma parameters (i.e. arc elongation), and this can affect gas treatments applications.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000368117100028	Publication Date	2015-11-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0963-0252;1361-6595;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.302	Times cited	12	Open Access
	Notes	This work is financially supported by the Methusalem financing and by the IAP/7 (Inter-university Attraction Pole) program ‘Physical Chemistry of Plasma-Surface Interactions’ from the Belgian Federal Office for Science Policy (BELSPO). The work was carried out in part using the Turing HPC infrastructure of the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen, a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the Universiteit Antwerpen			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.302; 2015 IF: 3.591
	Call Number	c:irua:129214			Serial	3952
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	Author	Lindner, H.; Murtazin, A.; Groh, S.; Niemax, K.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Simulation and experimental studies on plasma temperature, flow velocity, and injector diameter effects for an inductively coupled plasma			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Anal Chem
	Volume	83	Issue	24	Pages	9260-9266
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	An inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is analyzed by means of experiments and numerical simulation. Important plasma properties are analyzed, namely, the effective temperature inside the central channel and the mean flow velocity inside the plasma. Furthermore, the effect of torches with different injector diameters is studied by the model. The temperature inside the central channel is determined from the end-on collected line-to-background ratio in dependence of the injector gas flow rates. Within the limits of 3% deviation, the results of the simulation and the experiments are in good agreement in the range of flow rates relevant for the analysis of relatively large droplets, i.e., 50 μm. The deviation increases for higher gas flow rates but stays below 6% for all flow rates studied. The velocity of the gas inside the coil region was determined by side-on analyte emission measurements with single monodisperse droplet introduction and by the analysis of the injector gas path lines in the simulation. In the downstream region significantly higher velocities were found than in the upstream region in both the simulation and the experiment. The quantitative values show good agreement in the downstream region. In the upstream region, deviations were found in the absolute values which can be attributed to the flow conditions in that region and because the methods used for velocity determination are not fully consistent. Eddy structures are found in the simulated flow lines. These affect strongly the way taken by the path lines of the injector gas and they can explain the very long analytical signals found in the experiments at low flow rates. Simulations were performed for different injector diameters in order to find conditions where good analyte transport and optimum signals can be expected. The results clearly show the existence of a transition flow rate which marks the lower limit for effective analyte transport conditions through the plasma. A rule-of-thumb equation was extracted from the results from which the transition flow rate can be estimated for different injector diameters and different injector gas compositions.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Washington, D.C.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000297946900013	Publication Date	2011-07-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-2700;1520-6882;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.32	Times cited	34	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 6.32; 2011 IF: 5.856
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:94001			Serial	3009
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	Author	Tinck, S.; Boullart, W.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Simulation of an Ar/Cl₂ inductively coupled plasma: study of the effect of bias, power and pressure and comparison with experiments			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2008	Publication	Journal of physics: D: applied physics	Abbreviated Journal	J Phys D Appl Phys
	Volume	41	Issue	6	Pages	065207,1-14
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	A hybrid model, called the hybrid plasma equipment model, was used to study Ar/Cl(2) inductively coupled plasmas used for the etching of Si. The effects of substrate bias, source power and gas pressure on the plasma characteristics and on the fluxes and energies of plasma species bombarding the substrate were observed. A comparison with experimentally measured etch rates was made to investigate how the etch process is influenced and which plasma species mainly account for the etch process. First, the general plasma characteristics are investigated at the following operating conditions: 10% Ar 90% Cl(2) gas mixture, 5mTorr total gas pressure, 100 sccm gas flow rate, 250W source power, -200V dc bias at the substrate electrode and an operating frequency of 13.56MHz applied to the coil and to the substrate electrode. Subsequently, the pressure is varied from 5 to 80mTorr, the substrate bias from -100 to -300V and the source power from 250 to 1000W. Increasing the total gas pressure results in a decrease of the etch rate and a less anisotropic flux to the substrate due to more collisions of the ions in the sheath. Increasing the substrate bias has an effect on the energy of the ions bombarding the substrate and to a lesser extent on the magnitude of the ion flux. When source power is increased, it was found that, not the energy, but the magnitude of the ion flux is increased. The etch rate was more influenced by a variation of the substrate bias than by a variation of the source power, at these operating conditions. These results suggest that the etch process is mainly affected by the energy of the ions bombarding the substrate and the magnitude of the ion flux, and to a lesser extent by the magnitude of the radical flux.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	000254153900022	Publication Date	2008-02-27
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-3727;1361-6463;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.588	Times cited	31	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.588; 2008 IF: 2.104
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:67019			Serial	3010
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	Author	Liu, Y.H.; Chen, Z.Y.; Huang, F.; Yu, M.Y.; Wang, L.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Simulation of disk- and band-like voids in dusty plasma systems			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2006	Publication	Physics of plasmas	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Plasmas
	Volume	13	Issue		Pages	052110,1-6
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Woodbury, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000237943000011	Publication Date	2006-05-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1070-664X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.115	Times cited	20	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.115; 2006 IF: 2.258
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:57858			Serial	3011
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	Author	Tsonev, I.; Boothroyd, J.; Kolev, S.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Simulation of glow and arc discharges in nitrogen: effects of the cathode emission mechanisms			Type	A1 Journal Article
	Year	2023	Publication	PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	32	Issue	5	Pages	054002
	Keywords	A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
	Abstract	Experimental evidence in the literature has shown that low-current direct current nitrogen discharges can exist in both glow and arc regimes at atmospheric pressure. However, modelling investigations of the positive column that include the influence of the cathode phenomena are scarce. In this work we developed a 2D axisymmetric model of a plasma discharge in flowing nitrogen gas, studying the influence of the two cathode emission mechanisms—thermionic field emission and secondary electron emission—on the cathode region and the positive column. We show for an inlet gas flow velocity of 1 m s<sup>−1</sup>in the current range of 80–160 mA, that the electron emission mechanism from the cathode greatly affects the size and temperature of the cathode region, but does not significantly influence the discharge column at atmospheric pressure. We also demonstrate that in the discharge column the electron density balance is local and the electron production and destruction is dominated by volume processes. With increasing flow velocity, the discharge contraction is enhanced due to the increased convective heat loss. The cross sectional area of the conductive region is strongly dependent on the gas velocity and heat conductivity of the gas.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000987841800001	Publication Date	2023-05-01
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0963-0252	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	3.8	Times cited		Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes	This research is financially supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No. 965546.			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.8; 2023 IF: 3.302
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:196972			Serial	8788
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	Author	Herrebout, D.; Bogaerts, A.; Goedheer, W.; Dekempeneer, E.; Gijbels, R.
	Title	Simulation of plasma processes in plasma assisted CVD reactors			Type	P1 Proceeding
	Year	1999	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	213-214
	Keywords	P1 Proceeding; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000165992500107	Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record;
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:104309			Serial	3013
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