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Author Vermeiren, V.; Bogaerts, A.
Title Supersonic Microwave Plasma: Potential and Limitations for Energy-Efficient CO2Conversion Type A1 Journal Article
Year 2018 Publication Journal Of Physical Chemistry C Abbreviated Journal J Phys Chem C
Volume 122 Issue 45 Pages 25869-25881
Keywords A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
Abstract Supersonic flows provide a high thermodynamic

nonequilibrium, which is crucial for energy-efficient conversion of

CO 2 in microwave plasmas and are therefore of great interest.

However, the effect of the flow on the chemical reactions is poorly

understood. In this work, we present a combined flow and plasma

chemical kinetics model of a microwave CO 2 plasma in a Laval

nozzle setup. The effects of the flow field on the different dissociation

and recombination mechanisms, the vibrational distribution, and the

vibrational transfer mechanism are discussed. In addition, the effect

of experimental parameters, like position of power deposition, outlet

pressure, and specific energy input, on the CO 2 conversion and

energy efficiency is examined. The short residence time of the gas in

the plasma region, the shockwave, and the maximum critical heat,

and thus power, that can be added to the flow to avoid thermal

choking are the main obstacles to reaching high energy efficiencies.
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Language Wos 000451101400016 Publication Date 2018-11-15
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1932-7447 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 4.536 Times cited 5 Open Access Not_Open_Access
Notes Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, G.0383.16N ; Approved Most recent IF: 4.536
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:155412 Serial 5070
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Author Serrano-Sevillano, J.; Reynaud, M.; Saracibar, A.; Altantzis, T.; Bals, S.; van Tendeloo, G.; Casas-Cabanas, M.
Title Enhanced electrochemical performance of Li-rich cathode materials through microstructural control Type A1 Journal article
Year 2018 Publication Physical chemistry, chemical physics Abbreviated Journal Phys Chem Chem Phys
Volume 20 Issue 20 Pages 23112-23122
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract The microstructural complexity of Li-rich cathode materials has so far hampered understanding the critical link between size, morphology and structural defects with both capacity and voltage fadings that this family of materials exhibits. Li2MnO3 is used here as a model material to extract reliable structure–property

relationships that can be further exploited for the development of high-performing and long-lasting Li-rich oxides. A series of samples with microstructural variability have been prepared and thoroughly characterized using the FAULTS software, which allows quantification of planar defects and extraction of

average crystallite sizes. Together with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and density functional theory (DFT) results, the successful application of FAULTS analysis to Li2MnO3 has allowed rationalizing the synthesis conditions and identifying the individual impact of concurrent microstructural features on

both voltage and capacity fadings, a necessary step for the development of high-capacity Li-ion cathode materials with enhanced cycle life.
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Language Wos 000445220500071 Publication Date 2018-08-24
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1463-9076 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 4.123 Times cited 36 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de la Economı´a y de la Competitividad through the project IONSTORE (MINECO ref. ENE2016-81020-R). The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme under Grant Agreement 312483 – ESTEEM2 (Integrated Infrastructure Initiative-I3). JSS and AS are grateful for computing time provided by the Spanish i2Basque Centers. MR acknowledges the Spanish State for its financial support through her post-doctoral grant Juan de la Cierva – Formacio´n (MINECO ref. FJCI-2014-19990) and her international mobility grant Jose´ Castillejos (MECD ref. CAS15/00354). S. B. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC starting grant #335078 Colouratom) and T. A. a postdoctoral grant from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO). (ROMEO:yellow; preprint:; postprint:restricted ; pdfversion:cannot); ecas_sara Approved Most recent IF: 4.123
Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:154782UA @ admin @ c:irua:154782 Serial 5062
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Author Fuchs, J.; Aghaei, M.; Schachel, T.D.; Sperling, M.; Bogaerts, A.; Karst, U.
Title Impact of the Particle Diameter on Ion Cloud Formation from Gold Nanoparticles in ICPMS Type A1 Journal article
Year 2018 Publication Analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal Anal Chem
Volume 90 Issue 17 Pages 10271-10278
Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract The unique capabilities of microsecond dwell time (DT) single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICPMS) were utilized to characterize the cloud of ions generated from the introduction of suspensions of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) into the plasma. A set of narrowly distributed particles with diameters ranging from 15.4 to 100.1 nm was synthesized and characterized according to established protocols. Statistically significant numbers of the short transient spICPMS events were evaluated by using 50 μs DT for their summed intensity, maximum intensity, and duration, of which all three were found to depend on the particle diameter. The summed intensity increases from 10 to 1661 counts and the maximum intensity from 6 to 309 counts for AuNPs with diameters from 15.4 to 83.2 nm. The event duration rises from 322 to 1007 μs upon increasing AuNP diameter. These numbers represent a comprehensive set of key data points of the ion clouds generated in ICPMS from AuNPs. The extension of event duration is of high interest to appoint the maximum possible particle number concentration at which separation of consecutive events in spICPMS can still be achieved. Moreover, the combined evaluation of all above-mentioned ion cloud characteristics can explain the regularly observed prolonged single-particle events. The transport and ionization behavior of AuNPs in the ICP was also computationally modeled to gain insight into the size-dependent signal generation. The simulated data reveals that the plasma temperature, and therefore the point of ionization of the particles, is the same for all diameters. However, the maximum number density of Au+, as well as the extent of the ion cloud, depends on the particle diameter, in agreement with the experimental data, and it provides an adequate explanation for the observed ion cloud characteristics.
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Language Wos 000444060600028 Publication Date 2018-09-04
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-2700 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 6.32 Times cited 5 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes We thank Dr. Harald Rösner from the Institute of Materials Physics of the University of Münster for the TEM imaging. Approved Most recent IF: 6.32
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:153651 Serial 5057
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Author Li, K.; Liu, J.-L.; Li, X.-S.; Lian, H.-Y.; Zhu, X.; Bogaerts, A.; Zhu, A.-M.
Title Novel power-to-syngas concept for plasma catalytic reforming coupled with water electrolysis Type A1 Journal article
Year 2018 Publication Chemical engineering journal Abbreviated Journal Chem Eng J
Volume 353 Issue Pages 297-304
Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract We propose a novel Power to Synthesis Gas (P2SG) approach, composed of two high-efficiency and renewable electricity-driven units, i.e., plasma catalytic reforming (PCR) and water electrolysis (WE), to produce high quality syngas from CH4, CO2 and H2O. As WE technology is already commercial, we mainly focus on the PCR unit, consisting of gliding arc plasma and Ni-based catalyst, for oxidative dry reforming of methane. An energy efficiency of 78.9% and energy cost of 1.0 kWh/Nm3 at a CH4 conversion of 99% and a CO2 conversion of 79% are obtained. Considering an energy efficiency of 80% for WE, the P2SG system yields an overall energy efficiency of 79.3% and energy cost of 1.8 kWh/Nm3. High-quality syngas is produced without the need for posttreatment units, featuring the ideal stoichiometric number of 2, with concentration of 94.6 vol%, and a desired CO2 fraction of 1.9 vol% for methanol synthesis. The PCR unit has the advantage of fast response to adapting to fluctuation of renewable electricity, avoiding local hot spots in the catalyst bed and coking, in contrast to conventional catalytic processes. Moreover, pure O2 from the WE unit is directly utilized by the PCR unit for oxidative dry reforming of methane, and thus, no air separation unit, like in conventional processes, is required. This work demonstrates the viability of the P2SG approach for large-scale energy storage of renewable electricity via electricity-to-fuel conversion.
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Language Wos 000441527900029 Publication Date 2018-07-20
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1385-8947 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 6.216 Times cited 7 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes This project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11705019, 11475041), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (DUT16QY49, DUT16LK16) and the Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO; grant G.0383.16N). Approved Most recent IF: 6.216
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:153059 Serial 5049
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Author Gorbanev, Y.; Privat-Maldonado, A.; Bogaerts, A.
Title Analysis of Short-Lived Reactive Species in Plasma–Air–Water Systems: The Dos and the Do Nots Type A1 Journal Article
Year 2018 Publication Analytical Chemistry Abbreviated Journal Anal Chem
Volume 90 Issue 22 Pages 13151-13158
Keywords A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
Abstract This Feature addresses the analysis of the reactive species generated by nonthermal atmospheric

pressure plasmas, which are widely employed in industrial and biomedical research, as well as first

clinical applications. We summarize the progress in detection of plasma-generated short-lived

reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in aqueous solutions, discuss the potential and limitations of

various analytical methods in plasma−liquid systems, and provide an outlook on the possible future

research goals in development of short-lived reactive species analysis methods for a general

nonspecialist audience.
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Language Wos 000451246100002 Publication Date 2018-11-20
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-2700 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 6.32 Times cited 17 Open Access Not_Open_Access
Notes European Commission, 743151 ; This work was supported by the European Marie Sklodowska- Curie Individual Fellowship within Horizon2020 (“LTPAM”, Grant No. 743151). Approved Most recent IF: 6.32
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:156301 Serial 5152
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Author Bal, K.M.; Neyts, E.C.
Title Overcoming Old Scaling Relations and Establishing New Correlations in Catalytic Surface Chemistry: Combined Effect of Charging and Doping Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication The journal of physical chemistry: C : nanomaterials and interfaces Abbreviated Journal J Phys Chem C
Volume 123 Issue 10 Pages 6141-6147
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract Optimization of catalytic materials for a given application is greatly constrained by linear scaling relations. Recently, however, it has been demonstrated that it is possible to reversibly modulate the chemisorption of molecules on nanomaterials by charging (i.e., injection or removal of electrons) and hence reversibly and selectively modify catalytic activity beyond structure−activity correlations. The fundamental physical relation between the properties of the material, the charging process, and the chemisorption energy, however, remains unclear, and a systematic exploration and optimization of charge-switchable sorbent materials is not yet possible. Using hybrid DFT calculations of CO2 chemisorption on hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets with several types of defects and dopants, we here reveal the existence of fundamental correlations between the electron affinity of a material and charge-induced chemisorption, show how defect engineering can be used to modulate the strength and efficiency of the adsorption process, and demonstrate that excess electrons stabilize many topological defects. We then show how these insights could be exploited in the development of new electrocatalytic materials and the synthesis of doped nanomaterials. Moreover, we demonstrate that calculated chemical properties of charged materials are highly sensitive to the employed computational methodology because of the self-interaction error, which underlines the theoretical challenge posed by such systems.
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Language Wos 000461537400035 Publication Date 2019-03-14
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1932-7447 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 4.536 Times cited 5 Open Access Not_Open_Access: Available from 21.02.2020
Notes Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, 11V8915N ; Approved Most recent IF: 4.536
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @UA @ admin @ c:irua:158117 Serial 5160
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Author Gorbanev, Y.; Van der Paal, J.; Van Boxem, W.; Dewilde, S.; Bogaerts, A.
Title Reaction of chloride anion with atomic oxygen in aqueous solutions: can cold plasma help in chemistry research? Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication Physical chemistry, chemical physics Abbreviated Journal Phys Chem Chem Phys
Volume 21 Issue 8 Pages 4117-4121
Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract Cold atmospheric plasma in contact with solutions has many applications, but its chemistry contains many unknowns such as the undescribed reactions with solutes. By combining experiments and modelling, we report the first direct demonstration of the reaction of chloride with oxygen atoms in aqueous solutions exposed to cold plasma.
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Language Wos 000461722500001 Publication Date 2019-01-30
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1463-9076 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 4.123 Times cited 4 Open Access Not_Open_Access: Available from 31.01.2020
Notes H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, 743151 ; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, 11U5416N ; Approved Most recent IF: 4.123
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @UA @ admin @ c:irua:157688 Serial 5167
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Author Saniz, R.; Sarmadian, N.; Partoens, B.; Batuk, M.; Hadermann, J.; Marikutsa, A.; Rumyantseva, M.; Gaskov, A.; Lamoen, D.
Title First-principles study of CO and OH adsorption on in-doped ZnO surfaces Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication The journal of physics and chemistry of solids Abbreviated Journal J Phys Chem Solids
Volume 132 Issue Pages 172-181
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
Abstract We present a first-principles computational study of CO and OH adsorption on non-polar ZnO (10¯10) surfaces doped with indium. The calculations were performed using a model ZnO slab. The position of the In dopants was varied from deep bulk-like layers to

the surface layers. It was established that the preferential location of the In atoms is at the surface by examining the dependence of

the defect formation energy as well as the surface energy on In location. The adsorption sites on the surface of ZnO and the energy

of adsorption of CO molecules and OH-species were determined in connection to In doping. It was found that OH has higher

bonding energy to the surface than CO. The presence of In atoms at the surface of ZnO is favorable for CO adsorption, resulting

in an elongation of the C-O bond and in charge transfer to the surface. The effect of CO and OH adsorption on the electronic

and conduction properties of surfaces was assessed. We conclude that In-doped ZnO surfaces should present a higher electronic

response upon adsorption of CO.
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Language Wos 000472124700023 Publication Date 2019-04-25
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0022-3697 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 2.059 Times cited 7 Open Access Not_Open_Access: Available from 26.04.2021
Notes FWO-Vlaanderen, G0D6515N ; ERA.Net RUS Plus, 096 ; VSC; HPC infrastructure of the University of Antwerp; FWO-Vlaanderen; Flemish Government-department EWI; Approved Most recent IF: 2.059
Call Number EMAT @ emat @UA @ admin @ c:irua:159656 Serial 5170
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Author Uytdenhouwen, Y.; Bal, Km.; Michielsen, I.; Neyts, Ec.; Meynen, V.; Cool, P.; Bogaerts, A.
Title How process parameters and packing materials tune chemical equilibrium and kinetics in plasma-based CO2 conversion Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication Chemical engineering journal Abbreviated Journal Chem Eng J
Volume 372 Issue Pages 1253-1264
Keywords A1 Journal article; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract Plasma (catalysis) reactors are increasingly being used for gas-based chemical conversions, providing an alternative method of energy delivery to the molecules. In this work we explore whether classical concepts such as

equilibrium constants, (overall) rate coefficients, and catalysis exist under plasma conditions. We specifically

investigate the existence of a so-called partial chemical equilibrium (PCE), and how process parameters and

packing properties influence this equilibrium, as well as the overall apparent rate coefficient, for CO2 splitting in

a DBD plasma reactor. The results show that a PCE can be reached, and that the position of the equilibrium, in

combination with the rate coefficient, greatly depends on the reactor parameters and operating conditions (i.e.,

power, pressure, and gap size). A higher power, higher pressure, or smaller gap size enhance both the equilibrium constant and the rate coefficient, although they cannot be independently tuned. Inserting a packing

material (non-porous SiO2 and ZrO2 spheres) in the reactor reveals interesting gap/material effects, where the

type of material dictates the position of the equilibrium and the rate (inhibition) independently. As a result, no

apparent synergistic effect or plasma-catalytic behaviour was observed for the non-porous packing materials

studied in this reaction. Within the investigated parameters, equilibrium conversions were obtained between 23

and 71%, while the rate coefficient varied between 0.027 s−1 and 0.17 s−1. This method of analysis can provide

a more fundamental insight in the overall reaction kinetics of (catalytic) plasma-based gas conversion, in order

to be able to distinguish plasma effects from true catalytic enhancement.
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Language Wos 000471670400116 Publication Date 2019-05-08
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1385-8947 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 6.216 Times cited 3 Open Access Not_Open_Access: Available from 05.05.2021
Notes European Fund for Regional Development; FWOFWO, G.0254.14N ; University of Antwerp; FWO-FlandersFWO-Flanders, 11V8915N ; The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Fund for Regional Development through the cross-border collaborative Interreg V program Flanders-the Netherlands (project EnOp), the Fund for Scientific Research (FWO; Grant Number: G.0254.14N), a TOP-BOF project and an IOF-SBO (SynCO2Chem) project from the University of Antwerp. K. M. B. was funded as a PhD fellow (aspirant) of the FWOFlanders (Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders), Grant 11V8915N. Approved Most recent IF: 6.216
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @UA @ admin @ c:irua:159979 Serial 5171
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Author Bogaerts, A.; Yusupov, M.; Razzokov, J.; Van der Paal, J.
Title Plasma for cancer treatment: How can RONS penetrate through the cell membrane? Answers from computer modeling Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering Abbreviated Journal Front Chem Sci Eng
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract Plasma is gaining increasing interest for cancer

treatment, but the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully

understood. Using computer simulations at the molecular

level, we try to gain better insight in how plasma-generated

reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) can

penetrate through the cell membrane. Specifically, we

compare the permeability of various (hydrophilic and

hydrophobic) RONS across both oxidized and nonoxidized cell membranes. We also study pore formation,

and how it is hampered by higher concentrations of

cholesterol in the cell membrane, and we illustrate the

much higher permeability of H2O2 through aquaporin

channels. Both mechanisms may explain the selective

cytotoxic effect of plasma towards cancer cells. Finally, we

also discuss the synergistic effect of plasma-induced

oxidation and electric fields towards pore formation.

Keywords plasma medicine, cancer treatment, computer

modelling, cell membrane, reactive oxygen and nitrogen

species
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Language Wos 000468848400004 Publication Date 2019-03-22
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2095-0179 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 1.712 Times cited 5 Open Access Not_Open_Access: Available from 23.05.2020
Notes We acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation–Flanders (FWO; Grant Nos. 1200216N and 11U5416N). The computational work was carried out using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UA), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UA. We are also very thankful to R. Cordeiro for the very interesting discussions. Approved Most recent IF: 1.712
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @UA @ admin @ c:irua:159977 Serial 5172
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Author Heijkers, S.; Martini, L.M.; Dilecce, G.; Tosi, P.; Bogaerts, A.
Title Nanosecond Pulsed Discharge for CO2Conversion: Kinetic Modeling To Elucidate the Chemistry and Improve the Performance Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication The journal of physical chemistry: C : nanomaterials and interfaces Abbreviated Journal J Phys Chem C
Volume 123 Issue 19 Pages 12104-12116
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract We study the mechanisms of CO2 conversion in a nanosecond repetitively pulsed (NRP) discharge, by means of a chemical kinetics model. The calculated conversions and energy efficiencies are in reasonable agreement with experimental results over a wide range of specific energy input values, and the same applies to the evolution of gas temperature and CO2 conversion as a function of time in the afterglow, indicating that our model provides a realistic picture of the underlying mechanisms in the NRP discharge and can be used to identify its limitations and thus to suggest further improvements. Our model predicts that vibrational excitation is very important in the NRP discharge, explaining why this type of plasma yields energy-efficient CO2 conversion. A significant part of the CO2 dissociation occurs by electronic excitation from the lower vibrational levels toward repulsive electronic states, thus resulting in dissociation. However, vibration−translation (VT) relaxation (depopulating the higher vibrational levels) and CO + O recombination (CO + O + M → CO2 + M), as well as mixing of the converted gas with fresh gas entering the plasma in between the pulses, are limiting factors for the conversion and energy efficiency. Our model predicts that extra cooling, slowing down the rate of VT relaxation and of the above recombination reaction, thus enhancing the contribution of the highest vibrational levels to the overall CO2 dissociation, can further improve the performance of the NRP discharge for energy-efficient CO2 conversion.
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Language Wos 000468368800009 Publication Date 2019-05-16
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1932-7447 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 4.536 Times cited 4 Open Access Not_Open_Access: Available from 26.04.2020
Notes Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, G.0383.16N ; The authors acknowledge financial support from the Fund for Scientific Research, Flanders (FWO; Grant no. G.0383.16N). Approved Most recent IF: 4.536
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @UA @ admin @ c:irua:159976 Serial 5174
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Author Ghasemitarei, M.; Yusupov, M.; Razzokov, J.; Shokri, B.; Bogaerts, A.
Title Transport of cystine across xC-antiporter Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication Archives of biochemistry and biophysics Abbreviated Journal Arch Biochem Biophys
Volume 664 Issue Pages 117-126
Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract Extracellular cystine (CYC) uptake by xC antiporter is important for the cell viability. Especially in cancer cells, the upregulation of xC activity is observed, which protects these cells from intracellular oxidative stress. Hence, inhibition of the CYC uptake may eventually lead to cancer cell death. Up to now, the molecular level mechanism of the CYC uptake by xC antiporter has not been studied in detail. In this study, we applied several different simulation techniques to investigate the transport of CYC through xCT, the light subunit of the xC antiporter, which is responsible for the CYC and glutamate translocation. Specifically, we studied the permeation of CYC across three model systems, i.e., outward facing (OF), occluded (OCC) and inward facing (IF) configurations of xCT. We also investigated the effect of mutation of Cys327 to Ala within xCT, which was also studied experimentally in literature. This allowed us to qualitatively compare our computation results with experimental observations, and thus, to validate our simulations. In summary, our simulations provide a molecular level mechanism of the transport of CYC across the xC antiporter, more specifically, which amino acid residues in the xC antiporter play a key role in the uptake, transport and release of CYC.
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Language Wos 000461411200014 Publication Date 2019-02-07
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-9861 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.165 Times cited 3 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes Research Foundation − FlandersResearch Foundation − Flanders (FWO), 1200216N 1200219N ; Hercules FoundationHercules Foundation; Flemish GovernmentFlemish Government (department EWI); UAUA; M. Y. gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Research Foundation − Flanders (FWO), grant numbers 1200216N and 1200219N. The computational work was carried out using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen, a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UA. Finally, we thank A. S. Mashayekh Esfehan and A. Mohseni for their important comments on the manuscript. Approved Most recent IF: 3.165
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @UA @ admin @ c:irua:158571 Serial 5183
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Author Akkerman, Q.A.; Bladt, E.; Petralanda, U.; Dang, Z.; Sartori, E.; Baranov, D.; Abdelhady, A.L.; Infante, I.; Bals, S.; Manna, L.
Title Fully inorganic Ruddlesden-Popper double CI-I and triple CI-Br-I lead halide perovskite nanocrystals Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication Chemistry of materials Abbreviated Journal Chem Mater
Volume 31 Issue 31 Pages 2182-2190
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract The vast majority of lead halide perovskite (LHP) nanocrystals (NCs) are currently based on either a single halide composition (CsPbCl3, CsPbBr3, and CsPbI3) or an alloyed mixture of bromide with either Cl- or I- [i.e., CsPb(Br:Cl)(3) or CsPb(Br:I)(3)]. In this work, we present the synthesis as well as a detailed optical and structural study of two halide alloying cases that have not previously been reported for LHP NCs: Cs2PbI2Cl2 NCs and triple halide CsPb(Cl:Br:I)(3) NCs. In the case of Cs2PbI2Cl2, we observe for the first time NCs with a fully inorganic Ruddlesden-Popper phase (RPP) crystal structure. Unlike the well-explored organic-inorganic RPP, here, the RPP formation is triggered by the size difference between the halide ions. These NCs exhibit a strong excitonic absorption, albeit with a weak photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). In the case of the triple halide CsPb(Cl:Br:I)(3) composition, the NCs comprise a CsPbBr2Cl perovskite crystal lattice with only a small amount of incorporated iodide, which segregates at RPP planes' interfaces within the CsPb(Cl:Br:I)(3) NCs. Supported by density functional theory calculations and postsynthetic surface treatments to enhance the PLQY, we show that the combination of iodide segregation and defective RPP interfaces are most likely linked to the strong PL quenching observed in these nanostructures. In summary, this work demonstrates the limits of halide alloying in LHP NCs because a mixture that contains halide ions of very different sizes leads to the formation of defective RPP interfaces and a severe quenching of LHP NC's optical properties.
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Language Wos 000462950400038 Publication Date 2019-03-04
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0897-4756 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 9.466 Times cited 58 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes ; Q.A.A. and L.M. acknowledge funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement no. 614897 (ERC Consolidator Grant “TRANS-NANO”). The work of D.B. was supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 794560. E.B. and S.B. acknowledge funding from the Research Foundation Flanders (G.038116N, G.03691, and funding of a postdoctoral grant to E.B.). I.I. acknowledges The Netherlands Organization of Scientific Research (NWO) for financial support through the Innovational Research Incentive (Vidi) Scheme (grant no. 723.013.002). The computational work was carried out on the Dutch national e-infrastructure with the support of the SURF Cooperative. ; Approved Most recent IF: 9.466
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:159414 Serial 5250
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Author Queralto, A.; Graf, D.; Frohnhoven, R.; Fischer, T.; Vanrompay, H.; Bals, S.; Bartasyte, A.; Mathur, S.
Title LaFeO3 nanofibers for high detection of sulfur-containing gases Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering Abbreviated Journal Acs Sustain Chem Eng
Volume 7 Issue 7 Pages 6023-6032
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract Lanthanum ferrite nanofibers were electrospun from a chemical sol and calcined at 600 degrees C to obtain singlephase LaFeO3 (LFO) perovskite. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy in conjunction with 3D tomographic analysis confirmed an interwoven network of hollow and porous (surface) LFO nanofibers. Owing to their high surface area and p-type behavior, the nanofiber meshes showed high chemoselectivity toward reducing toxic gases (SO2, H2S) that could be reproducibly detected at very low concentrations (<1 ppm), well below the threshold values for occupational safety and health. An increased sensitivity was observed in the temperature range of 150-300 degrees C with maximum sensor response at 250 degrees C. The surface reaction at the heterogeneous solid (LFO)/gas (SO2) interface that confirmed the formation of La-2(SO4)(3) was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Moreover, the LFO fibers showed a high selectivity in the detection of oxidizing and reducing gases. Whereas superior detection of NH3 and H2S was measured, little response was observed for CO and NO2. Finally, the integration of nanowire meshes in commercial sensor platforms was successfully demonstrated.
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Language Wos 000461978200047 Publication Date 2019-02-21
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2168-0485 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 5.951 Times cited 41 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes ; The authors kindly acknowledge the ERA.Net RUS Plus project FONSENS funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) under the grant no. 01DJ16017. A.Q. highly appreciates the support of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (grant no. AVH 1184642) and the BMBF for his postdoctoral fellowship. A.Q., D.G., R.F., T.F., and S.M. also kindly acknowledge the financial support of the University of Cologne. H.V. acknowledges financial support by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO grant 1S32617N). S.B. acknowledges financial support from European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant #335078-COLOURATOMS). We also express our gratitude to Prof. Dr. J. Hadermann from the Electron Microscopy for Materials Science group at the University of Antwerp for her assistance. A.B. is grateful for the EUR EIPHI program (grant no. ANR-17-EURE-0002). ; Approved Most recent IF: 5.951
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:158535 Serial 5263
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Author Vermeiren, V.; Bogaerts, A.
Title Improving the Energy Efficiency of CO2Conversion in Nonequilibrium Plasmas through Pulsing Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication The journal of physical chemistry: C : nanomaterials and interfaces Abbreviated Journal J Phys Chem C
Volume 123 Issue 29 Pages 17650-17665
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract Nonequilibrium plasmas offer a pathway for energy-efficient CO2 conversion through vibrationally induced dissociation. However, the efficiency of this pathway is limited by a rise in gas temperature, which increases vibrational−translational (VT) relaxation and quenches the vibrational levels. Therefore, we investigate here the effect of plasma pulsing on the VT nonequilibrium and on the CO2 conversion by means of a zerodimensional chemical kinetics model, with self-consistent gas temperature calculation. Specifically, we show that higher energy efficiencies can be reached by correctly tuning the plasma pulse and interpulse times. The ideal plasma pulse time corresponds to the time needed to reach the highest vibrational temperature. In addition, the highest energy efficiencies are obtained with long interpulse times, that is, ≥0.1 s, in which the gas temperature can entirely drop to room temperature. Furthermore, additional cooling of the reactor walls can give higher energy efficiencies at shorter interpulse times of 1 ms. Finally, our model shows that plasma pulsing can significantly improve the energy efficiency at low reduced electric fields (50 and 100 Td, typical for microwave and gliding arc plasmas) and intermediate ionization degrees (5 × 10−7 and 10−6).
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Language Wos 000477785000003 Publication Date 2019-07-25
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1932-7447 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 4.536 Times cited 1 Open Access
Notes Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, G.0383.16N ; This research was supported by the FWO project (grant G.0383.16N). The calculations were performed using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UAntwerpen), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI), and the UAntwerpen. We also like to thank N. Britun (ChIPS) for the interesting discussions. Approved Most recent IF: 4.536
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:161621 Serial 5289
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Author Choudhary, K.; Bercx, M.; Jiang, J.; Pachter, R.; Lamoen, D.; Tavazza, F.
Title Accelerated Discovery of Efficient Solar Cell Materials Using Quantum and Machine-Learning Methods Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication Chemistry of materials Abbreviated Journal Chem Mater
Volume 31 Issue 15 Pages 5900-5908
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract Solar energy plays an important role in solving serious environmental

problems and meeting the high energy demand. However, the lack of suitable

materials hinders further progress of this technology. Here, we present the largest

inorganic solar cell material search till date using density functional theory (DFT) and

machine-learning approaches. We calculated the spectroscopic limited maximum

efficiency (SLME) using the Tran−Blaha-modified Becke−Johnson potential for 5097

nonmetallic materials and identified 1997 candidates with an SLME higher than 10%,

including 934 candidates with a suitable convex-hull stability and an effective carrier

mass. Screening for two-dimensional-layered cases, we found 58 potential materials

and performed G0W0 calculations on a subset to estimate the prediction uncertainty. As the above DFT methods are still computationally expensive, we developed a high accuracy machine-learning model to prescreen efficient materials and applied it to over a million materials. Our results provide a general framework and universal strategy for the design of high-efficiency solar

cell materials. The data and tools are publicly distributed at: https://www.ctcms.nist.gov/~knc6/JVASP.html, https://www.

ctcms.nist.gov/jarvisml/, https://jarvis.nist.gov/, and https://github.com/usnistgov/jarvis.
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Publisher (down) Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000480826900060 Publication Date 2019-08-13
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0897-4756 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 9.466 Times cited 6 Open Access
Notes ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 9.466
Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:161814 Serial 5291
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Author Gvozdetskyi, V.; Bhaskar, G.; Batuk, M.; Zhao, X.; Wang, R.; Carnahan, S.L.; Hanrahan, M.P.; Ribeiro, R.A.; Canfield, P.C.; Rossini, A.J.; Wang, C.-Z.; Ho, K.-M.; Hadermann, J.; Zaikina, J.V.
Title Computationally Driven Discovery of a Family of Layered LiNiB Polymorphs Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English Abbreviated Journal Angew Chem Int Edit
Volume 58 Issue 44 Pages 15855-15862
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract Two novel lithium nickel boride polymorphs RT-LiNiB and HT-LiNiB with layered crystal structures are reported. This family of compounds was theoretically predicted by using the adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA) and subsequently synthesized via a hydride route with LiH precursor as a lithium source. Being unique among the known ternary transition metal borides, the LiNiB structures feature Li layers alternating with nearly planar [NiB] layers, composed of Ni hexagonal rings centered by B-B pairs. A comprehensive study using a combination of single crystal/synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction data, solid-state 7Li and 11B NMR, scanning transmission electron microscopy, quantum chemistry calculations, and magnetism has shed light on the intrinsic features of these polymorphic compounds. The unique layered structures of LiNiB compounds make them ultimate precursors to further study their exfoliation, paving a way toward two-dimensional transition metal borides, MBenes.
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Language Wos 000491219600038 Publication Date 2019-10-28
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1433-7851 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 11.994 Times cited Open Access
Notes the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation’s EPiQS Initiative through Grant GBMF4411. The Ames Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University under contract #DE-AC02-07CH11358. Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Approved Most recent IF: 11.994
Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:164752 Serial 5433
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Author Ghasemitarei, M.; Yusupov, M.; Razzokov, J.; Shokri, B.; Bogaerts, A.
Title Effect of oxidative stress on cystine transportation by xC‾ antiporter Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication Archives of biochemistry and biophysics Abbreviated Journal Arch Biochem Biophys
Volume 674 Issue Pages 108114
Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract We performed computer simulations to investigate the effect of oxidation on the extracellular cystine (CYC) uptake by the xC− antiporter. The latter is important for killing of cancer cells. Specifically, applying molecular dynamics (MD) simulations we studied the transport of CYC across xCT, i.e., the light subunit of the xC− antiporter, in charge of bidirectional transport of CYC and glutamate. We considered the outward facing (OF) configuration of xCT, and to study the effect of oxidation, we modified the Cys327 residue, located in the vicinity of the extracellular milieu, to cysteic acid (CYO327). Our computational results showed that oxidation of Cys327 results in a free energy barrier for CYC translocation, thereby blocking the access of CYC to the substrate binding site of the OF system. The formation of the energy barrier was found to be due to the conformational changes in the channel. Analysis of the MD trajectories revealed that the reorganization of the side chains of the Tyr244 and CYO327 residues play a critical role in the OF channel blocking. Indeed, the calculated distance between Tyr244 and either Cys327 or CYO327 showed a narrowing of the channel after oxidation. The obtained free energy barrier for CYC translocation was found to be 33.9kJmol−1, indicating that oxidation of Cys327, by e.g., cold atmospheric plasma, is more effective in inhibiting the xC− antiporter than in the mutation of this amino acid to Ala (yielding a barrier of 32.4kJmol−1). The inhibition of the xC− antiporter may lead to Cys starvation in some cancer cells, eventually resulting in cancer cell death.
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Corporate Author Thesis
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Language Wos 000525439700011 Publication Date 2019-09-23
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-9861 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.165 Times cited Open Access
Notes Ministry of Science, Research and Technology of Iran; University of Antwerp; Research Foundation − Flanders, 1200219N ; Universiteit Antwerpen; Hercules Foundation; Flemish Government; UA; M. G. acknowledges funding from the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology of Iran and from the University of Antwerp in Belgium. M. Y. gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Research Foundation − Flanders (FWO), grant number 1200219N. The computational work was carried out using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UA), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UA. Finally, we thank A. S. Mashayekh Esfehan and A. Mohseni for their important comments on the manuscript. Approved Most recent IF: 3.165
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:163474 Serial 5372
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Author Oliveira, M.C.; Yusupov, M.; Bogaerts, A.; Cordeiro, R.M.
Title Molecular dynamics simulations of mechanical stress on oxidized membranes Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication Biophysical chemistry Abbreviated Journal Biophys Chem
Volume 254 Issue Pages 106266
Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract Biomembranes are under constant attack of free radicals that may lead to lipid oxidation in conditions of oxidative stress. The products generated during lipid oxidation are responsible for structural and dynamical changes which may jeopardize the membrane function. For instance, the local rearrangements of oxidized lipid molecules may induce membrane rupture. In this study, we investigated the effects of mechanical stress on oxidized phospholipid bilayers (PLBs). Model bilayers were stretched until pore formation (or poration) using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. We studied single-component homogeneous membranes composed of lipid oxidation products, as well as two-component heterogeneous membranes with coexisting native and oxidized domains. In homogeneous membranes, the oxidation products with —OH and —OOH groups reduced the areal strain required for pore formation, whereas the oxidation product with ]O group behaved similarly to the native membrane. In heterogeneous membranes composed of oxidized and non-oxidized domains, we tested the hypothesis according to which poration may be facilitated at the domain interface region. However, results were inconclusive due to their large statistical variance and sensitivity to simulation setup parameters. We pointed out important technical issues that need to be considered in future simulations of mechanically-induced poration of heterogeneous membranes. This research is of interest for photodynamic therapy and plasma medicine, because ruptured and intact plasma membranes are experimentally considered hallmarks of necrotic and apoptotic cell death.
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Language Wos 000502890900015 Publication Date 2019-09-13
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0301-4622 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 2.402 Times cited Open Access
Notes São Paulo Research Foundation, 2012/50680-5 ; National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development, 459270/2014-1 ; We are thankful for the financial support received from the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) (grant no. 2012/50680-5) and from the National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq) (grant no. 459270/2014-1). MCO acknowledges UFABC for the Master's scholarship granted. Approved Most recent IF: 2.402
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:163477 Serial 5374
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Author Ramachandran, R.K.; Filez, M.; Solano, E.; Poelman, H.; Minjauw, M.M.; Van Daele, M.; Feng, J.-Y.; La Porta, A.; Altantzis, T.; Fonda, E.; Coati, A.; Garreau, Y.; Bals, S.; Marin, G.B.; Detavernier, C.; Dendooven, J.
Title Chemical and Structural Configuration of Pt Doped Metal Oxide Thin Films Prepared by Atomic Layer Deposition Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication Chemistry of materials Abbreviated Journal Chem Mater
Volume 31 Issue 31 Pages 9673-9683
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT)
Abstract Pt doped semiconducting metal oxides and Pt metal clusters embedded in an oxide matrix are of interest for applications such as catalysis and gas sensing, energy storage and memory devices. Accurate tuning of the dopant level is crucial for adjusting the properties of these materials. Here, a novel atomic layer deposition (ALD) based method for doping Pt into In2O3 in specific, and metals in metal oxides in general, is demonstrated. This approach combines alternating exposures of Pt and In2O3 ALD processes in a single ‘supercycle’, followed by supercycle repetition leading to multilayered nanocomposites. The atomic level control of ALD and its conformal nature make the method suitable for accurate dopant control even on high surface area supports. Oxidation state, local structural environment and crystalline phase of the embedded Pt dopants were obtained by means of X-ray characterization methods and high angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). In addition, this approach allows characterization of the nucleation stages of metal ALD processes, by stacking those states multiple times in an oxide matrix. Regardless of experimental conditions, a few Pt ALD cycles leads to the formation of oxidized Pt species due to their highly dispersed nature, as proven by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) and highresolution scanning transmission electron microscopy, combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (HR-STEM/EDXS) show that Pt is evenly distributed in the In2O3 metal oxide matrix without the formation of clusters. For a larger number of Pt ALD

cycles, typ. > 10, the oxidation state gradually evolves towards fully metallic, and metallic Pt clusters are obtained within the In2O3 metal oxide matrix. This work reveals how tuning of the ALD supercycle approach for Pt doping allows controlled engineering of the Pt compositional and structural configuration within a metal oxide matrix.
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Language Wos 000502418000010 Publication Date 2019-11-11
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0897-4756 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 9.466 Times cited 6 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes This research was supported by the Flemish Research Foundation (FWO-Vlaanderen), the Flemish Government (Long term structural funding – Methusalem funding and Medium scale research infrastructure funding-Hercules funding), the Special Research Fund BOF of Ghent University (GOA 01G01513) and the CALIPSO Trans National Access Program funded by the European Commission in supplying financing of travel costs. We are grateful to the SIXS and SAMBA-SOLEIL staff for smoothly running the beamline facilities. J.D. and R.K.R. are postdoctoral fellows of the FWO. Approved Most recent IF: 9.466
Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:164056 Serial 5380
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Author Jin, L.; Batuk, M.; Kirschner, F.K.K.; Lang, F.; Blundell, S.J.; Hadermann, J.; Hayward, M.A.
Title Exsolution of SrO during the Topochemical Conversion of LaSr3CoRuO8to the Oxyhydride LaSr3CoRuO4H4 Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication Inorganic chemistry Abbreviated Journal Inorg Chem
Volume 58 Issue 21 Pages 14863-14870
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract Reaction of the n = 1 Ruddlesden-Popper oxide LaSr3CoRuO8 with CaH2 yields the oxyhydride phase LaSr3CoRuO4H4 via topochemical anion-exchange. Close inspection of X-ray and neutron powder diffraction data in combination with HAADF-STEM images reveals that nanoparticles of SrO are exsolved from the system during the reaction, with the change in cation stoichiometry accommodated by the inclusion of n > 1 (Co/Ru)nOn+1H2n ‘perovskite’ layers into the Ruddlesden-Popper stacking sequence. This novel pseudo-topochemical process offers a new route for the formation of n > 1 Ruddlesden-Popper structured materials. Magnetization data are consistent with a LaSr3Co1+Ru2+O4H4 (Co1+, d8, S = 1; Ru2+, d6, S = 0) oxidation/spin state combination. Neutron diffraction and μ+SR data show no evidence for long-range magnetic order down to 2 K, suggesting the diamagnetic Ru2+ centers impede the Co-Co magnetic exchange interactions.
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Language Wos 000494894400062 Publication Date 2019-11-04
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0020-1669 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 4.857 Times cited 1 Open Access
Notes We thank P. Manuel for assistance collecting the neutron powder diffraction data. We thank The Leverhulme Trust grant award RPG-2014-366 “Topochemical reduction of 4d and 5d transition metal oxides” for supporting this work. Experiments at the Diamond Light Source were performed as part of the Block Allocation Group award “Oxford Solid State Chemistry BAG to probe composition-structure-property relationships in solids” (EE13284). Investigation by TEM was supported through the FWO grant G035619N. Approved Most recent IF: 4.857
Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:164625 Serial 5434
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Author Kirkwood, N.; De Backer, A.; Altantzis, T.; Winckelmans, N.; Longo, A.; Antolinez, F.V.; Rabouw, F.T.; De Trizio, L.; Geuchies, J.J.; Mulder, J.T.; Renaud, N.; Bals, S.; Manna, L.; Houtepen, A.J.
Title Locating and controlling the Zn content in In(Zn)P quantum dots Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication Chemistry of materials Abbreviated Journal Chem Mater
Volume 32 Issue 32 Pages 557-565
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract Zinc is routinely employed in the synthesis of InP quantum dots (QDs) to improve the photoluminescence efficiency and carrier mobility of the resulting In(Zn)P alloy nanostructures. The exact location of Zn in the final structures and the mechanism by which it enhances the optoelectronic properties of the QDs is debated. We use synchrotron X-ray absorbance spectroscopy to show that the majority of Zn in In(Zn)P QDs is located at their surface as Zn-carboxylates. However, a small amount of Zn is present inside the bulk of the QDs with the consequent contraction of their lattice, as confirmed by combining high resolution high-angle annular dark-field imaging scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) with statistical parameter estimation theory. We further demonstrate that the Zn content and its incorporation into the QDs can be tuned by the ligation of commonly employed Zn carboxylate precursors: the use of highly reactive Zn-acetate leads to the formation of undesired Zn3P2 and the final nanostructures being characterized by broad optical features, whereas Zn-carboxylates with longer carbon chains lead to InP crystals with much lower zinc content and narrow optical features. These results can explain the differences between structural and optical properties of In(Zn)P samples reported across the literature, and provide a rational method to tune the amount of Zn in InP nanocrystals and to drive the incorporation of Zn either as surface Zn-carboxylate, as a substitutional dopant inside the InP crystal lattice, or even predominantly as Zn3P2.
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Language Wos 000507721600056 Publication Date 2019-12-13
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0897-4756 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 9.466 Times cited 39 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes A.J.H. acknowledges support from the European Research Council Horizon 2020 ERC Grant Agreement No. 678004 (Doping on Demand). This research is supported by the Dutch Technology Foundation TTW, which is part of The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), and which is partly funded by Ministry of Economic Affairs. SB acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (grant 815128 REALNANO). The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through project funding G.0381.16N and a postdoctoral grant to A.D.B. AJH, LM and JM acknowledge support from the H2020 Collaborative Project TEQ (Grant No. 766900).; sygma Approved Most recent IF: 9.466
Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:165234 Serial 5438
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Author Bal, K.M.; Bogaerts, A.; Neyts, E.C.
Title Ensemble-Based Molecular Simulation of Chemical Reactions under Vibrational Nonequilibrium Type A1 Journal article
Year 2020 Publication Journal Of Physical Chemistry Letters Abbreviated Journal J Phys Chem Lett
Volume 11 Issue 2 Pages 401-406
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract We present an approach to incorporate the effect of vibrational nonequilibrium in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. A perturbed canonical ensemble, in which selected modes are excited to higher temperature while all others remain equilibrated at low temperature, is simulated by applying a specifically tailored bias potential. Our method can be readily applied to any (classical or quantum mechanical) MD setup at virtually no additional computational cost and allows the study of reactions of vibrationally excited molecules in nonequilibrium environments such as plasmas. In combination with enhanced sampling methods, the vibrational efficacy and mode selectivity of vibrationally stimulated reactions can then be quantified in terms of chemically relevant observables, such as reaction rates and apparent free energy barriers. We first validate our method for the prototypical hydrogen exchange reaction and then show how it can capture the effect of vibrational excitation on a symmetric SN2 reaction and radical addition on CO2.
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Language Wos 000508473400008 Publication Date 2020-01-16
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1948-7185 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 5.7 Times cited Open Access
Notes Universiteit Antwerpen; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, 12ZI420N ; Departement Economie, Wetenschap en Innovatie van de Vlaamse Overheid; K.M.B. was funded as a junior postdoctoral fellow of the FWO (Research Foundation − Flanders), Grant 12ZI420N, and through a TOP-BOF research project of the University of Antwerp. The computational resources and services used in this work were provided by the VSC (Flemish Supercomputer Center), funded by the FWO and the Flemish Government− department EWI. Approved Most recent IF: 5.7; 2020 IF: 9.353
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:165587 Serial 5442
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Author Van Alphen, S.; Vermeiren, V.; Butterworth, T.; van den Bekerom, D.C.M.; van Rooij, G.J.; Bogaerts, A.
Title Power Pulsing To Maximize Vibrational Excitation Efficiency in N2Microwave Plasma: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study Type A1 Journal article
Year 2020 Publication Journal Of Physical Chemistry C Abbreviated Journal J Phys Chem C
Volume 124 Issue 3 Pages 1765-1779
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract Plasma is gaining increasing interest for N2 fixation, being a flexible, electricity-driven alternative for the current conventional fossil fuel-based N2 fixation processes. As the vibrational-induced dissociation of N2 is found to be an energy-efficient pathway to acquire atomic N for the fixation processes, plasmas that are in vibrational nonequilibrium seem promising for this application. However, an important challenge in using nonequilibrium plasmas lies in preventing vibrational−translational (VT) relaxation processes, in which vibrational energy crucial for N2 dissociation is lost to gas heating. We present here both experimental and modeling results for the vibrational and gas temperature in a microsecond-pulsed microwave (MW) N2 plasma, showing how power pulsing can suppress this unfavorable VT relaxation and achieve a maximal vibrational nonequilibrium. By means of our kinetic model, we demonstrate that pulsed plasmas take advantage of the long time scale on which VT processes occur, yielding a very pronounced nonequilibrium over the whole N2 vibrational ladder. Additionally, the effect of pulse parameters like the pulse frequency and pulse width are investigated, demonstrating that the advantage of pulsing to inhibit VT relaxation diminishes for high pulse frequencies (around 7000 kHz) and long power pulses (above 400 μs). Nevertheless, all regimes studied here demonstrate a clear vibrational nonequilibrium while only requiring a limited power-on time, and thus, we may conclude that a pulsed plasma seems very interesting for energyefficient vibrational excitation.
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Language Wos 000509438600001 Publication Date 2020-01-23
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1932-7447 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.7 Times cited Open Access
Notes Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, 30505023 GoF9618n ; This research was supported by the Excellence of Science FWO-FNRS project (FWO Grant ID GoF9618n, EOS ID 30505023). The calculations were performed using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UAntwerpen), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UAntwerpen. Approved Most recent IF: 3.7; 2020 IF: 4.536
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:165586 Serial 5443
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Author Smith, J.D.; Bladt, E.; Burkhart, J.A.C.; Winckelmans, N.; Koczkur, K.M.; Ashberry, H.M.; Bals, S.; Skrabalak, S.E.
Title Defect-directed growth of symmetrically branched metal nanocrystals Type A1 Journal article
Year 2020 Publication Angewandte Chemie-International Edition Abbreviated Journal Angew Chem Int Edit
Volume 59 Issue 59 Pages 943-950
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract Branched plasmonic nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted much attention due to electric field enhancements at their tips. Seeded growth provides routes to NCs with defined branching patterns and, in turn, near-field distributions with defined symmetries. Here, a systematic analysis was undertaken in which seeds containing different distributions of planar defects were used to grow branched NCs in order to understand how their distributions direct the branching. Characterization of the products by multimode electron tomography and analysis of the NC morphologies at different overgrowth stages indicate that the branching patterns are directed by the seed defects, with the emergence of branches from the seed faces consistent with minimizing volumetric strain energy at the expense of surface energy. These results contrast with growth of branched NCs from single-crystalline seeds and provide a new platform for the synthesis of symmetrically branched plasmonic NCs.
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Language Wos 000498760200001 Publication Date 2019-11-13
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1433-7851; 0570-0833 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 16.6 Times cited 23 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes ; The authors thank Samantha Harvey for her initial observations of branched structures, Alexander Chen for his help with SAED, the staff of the Nanoscale Characterization Facility (Dr. Yi Yi), Electron Microscopy Center (Dr. David Morgan and Dr. Barry Stein), and Molecular Structure Center at Indiana University. J.S. recognizes a fellowship provided by the Indiana Space Grant Consortium. E.B. acknowledges a post-doctoral grant from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium). This project has received funding to S.E.S. from the U.S. National Science Foundation (award numbers: 1602476 and 1904499) and Research Corporation for Scientific Advancement (2017 Frontiers in Research Excellence and Discovery Award) as well as to S.B. from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 731019 (EUSMI) and No 815128 (REALNANO). ; sygma Approved Most recent IF: 16.6; 2020 IF: 11.994
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:165124 Serial 6293
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Author González-Rubio, G.; Milagres de Oliveira, T.; Albrecht, W.; Díaz-Núñez, P.; Castro-Palacio, J.C.; Prada, A.; González, R.I.; Scarabelli, L.; Bañares, L.; Rivera, A.; Liz-Marzán, L.M.; Peña-Rodríguez, O.; Bals, S.; Guerrero-Martínez, A.
Title Formation of Hollow Gold Nanocrystals by Nanosecond Laser Irradiation Type A1 Journal article
Year 2020 Publication Journal Of Physical Chemistry Letters Abbreviated Journal J Phys Chem Lett
Volume 11 Issue 11 Pages 670-677
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract The irradiation of spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with nanosecond laser pulses induces shape transformations yielding nanocrystals with an inner cavity. The concentration of the stabilizing surfactant, the use of moderate pulse fluences, and the size of the irradiated AuNPs determine the efficiency of the process and the nature of the void. Hollow nanocrystals are obtained when molecules from the surrounding medium (e.g., water and organic matter derived from the surfactant) are trapped during laser pulse irradiation. These experimental observations suggest the existence of a subtle balance between the heating and cooling processes experienced by the nanocrystals, which induce their expansion and subsequent recrystallization keeping exogenous matter inside. The described approach provides valuable insight into the mechanism of interaction of pulsed nanosecond laser with AuNPs, along with interesting prospects for the development of hollow plasmonic nanoparticles with potential applications related to gas and liquid storage at the nanoscale.
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Language Wos 000512223400012 Publication Date 2020-02-06
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ISSN 1948-7185 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 5.7 Times cited 15 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes This work has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICIU) (Grants RTI2018-095844-B-I00, PGC2018-096444-B-I00, ENE2015-70300-C3-3, and MAT2017-86659-R), the EUROfusion Consortium (Grant ENR-IFE19.CCFE-01) and the Madrid Regional Government (Grants P2018/NMT-4389 and P2018/EMT-4437). This project has received funding from the European Commission (grant 731019, EUSMI & grant 823717, ESTEEM3). The publication is based also upon work from COST Action TUMIEE (CA17126). The facilities provided by the Center for Ultrafast Lasers at Complutense University of Madrid are gratefully acknowledged. The authors also acknowledge the computer resources and technical assistance provided by the Centro de Supercomputacion y Visualizacion de Madrid (CeSViMa). L.M.L.-M. acknowledges the Maria de Maeztu Units of Excellence Program from the Spanish State Research Agency (Grant MDM-2017-0720). This project has also received funding from the European Research Council (ERC Consolidator Grant 815128, REALNANO). W.A. acknowledges an Individual Fellowship funded by the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) in Horizon 2020 program (Grant 797153, SOPMEN). A.P. and R.I.G. acknowledge the support of FONDECYT under Grants 3190123 and 11180557 and Financiamiento Basal para Centros Cientificos y Tecnologicos de Excelencia FB-0807. This research was partially supported by the supercomputing infrastructure of the NLHPC (ECM-02).; sygma; esteem3JRA; esteem3reported Approved Most recent IF: 5.7; 2020 IF: 9.353
Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:166504 Serial 6334
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Author Smith, J.D.; Bladt, E.; Burkhart, J.A.C.; Winckelmans, N.; Koczkur, K.M.; Ashberry, H.M.; Bals, S.; Skrabalak, S.E.
Title Defect‐Directed Growth of Symmetrically Branched Metal Nanocrystals Type A1 Journal article
Year 2020 Publication Angewandte Chemie (International ed. Print) Abbreviated Journal Angew. Chem.
Volume 132 Issue 132 Pages 953-960
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract Branched plasmonic nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted much attention due to electric field enhancements at their tips. Seeded growth provides routes to NCs with defined branching patterns and, in turn, near‐field distributions with defined symmetries. Here, a systematic analysis was undertaken in which seeds containing different distributions of planar defects were used to grow branched NCs in order to understand how their distributions direct the branching. Characterization of the products by multimode electron tomography and analysis of the NC morphologies at different overgrowth stages indicate that the branching patterns are directed by the seed defects, with the emergence of branches from the seed faces consistent with minimizing volumetric strain energy at the expense of surface energy. These results contrast with growth of branched NCs from single‐crystalline seeds and provide a new platform for the synthesis of symmetrically branched plasmonic NCs.
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Language Wos 000505279500063 Publication Date 2020-01-07
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ISSN 0044-8249 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access OpenAccess
Notes The authors thank Samantha Harvey for her initial observations of branched structures, Alexander Chen for his help with SAED, the staff of the Nanoscale Characterization Facility (Dr. Yi Yi),Electron Microscopy Center (Dr. David Morgan and Dr. Barry Stein), and Molecular Strucre Center at Indiana University. J.S. recognizes a fellowship provided by the Indiana Space Grant Consortium. E. B. acknowledges a post-doctoral grant from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium). This project has received funding from the National Science Foundation (award number: 1602476), Research Corporation for Scietific Advancement (2017 Frontiers in Research Excellence and Discovery Award), and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 731019 (EUSMI) and No 815128 (REALNANO).; sygma Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:166581 Serial 6336
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Author Hoffman, B.M.; Lukoyanov, D.; Yang, Z.-Y.; Dean, D.R.; Seefeldt, L.C.
Title Mechanism of Nitrogen Fixation by Nitrogenase: The Next Stage Type A1 Journal Article
Year 2014 Publication Chemical Reviews Abbreviated Journal Chem. Rev.
Volume 114 Issue 8 Pages 4041-4062
Keywords A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
Abstract Ammonia is a crucial nutrient used for plant growth and as a building block in pharmaceutical and chemical industry, produced via nitrogen fixation of the ubiquitous atmospheric N2. Current industrial ammonia production relies heavily on fossil resources, but a lot of work is put into developing non-fossil based pathways. Among these is the use of nonequilibrium plasma. In this work, we investigated water vapor as H source for nitrogen fixation into NH3 by non-equilibrium plasma. The highest selectivity towards NH3 was observed with low amounts of added H2O vapor, but the highest production rate was reached at high H2O vapor.
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Language Wos Publication Date 2014-04-23
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ISSN 0009-2665 ISBN Additional Links
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Notes We would like to thank Sylvia Dewilde (Department of Biomedical Sciences) for providing analytical equipment. Approved no
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @ Serial 6337
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Author Slaets, J.; Aghaei, M.; Ceulemans, S.; Van Alphen, S.; Bogaerts, A.
Title CO2and CH4conversion in “real” gas mixtures in a gliding arc plasmatron: how do N2and O2affect the performance? Type A1 Journal article
Year 2020 Publication Green Chemistry Abbreviated Journal Green Chem
Volume 22 Issue 4 Pages 1366-1377
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract In this paper we study dry reforming of methane (DRM) in a gliding arc plasmatron (GAP) in the presence of N<sub>2</sub>and O<sub>2</sub>. N<sub>2</sub>is added to create a stable plasma at equal fractions of CO<sub>2</sub>and CH<sub>4</sub>, and because emissions from industrial plants typically contain N<sub>2</sub>, while O<sub>2</sub>is added to enhance the process. We test different gas mixing ratios to evaluate the conversion and energy cost. We obtain conversions between 31 and 52% for CO<sub>2</sub>and between 55 and 99% for CH<sub>4</sub>, with total energy costs between 3.4 and 5.0 eV per molecule, depending on the gas mixture. This is very competitive when benchmarked with the literature. In addition, we present a chemical kinetics model to obtain deeper insight in the underlying plasma chemistry. This allows determination of the major reaction pathways to convert CO<sub>2</sub>and CH<sub>4</sub>, in the presence of O<sub>2</sub>and N<sub>2</sub>, into CO and H<sub>2</sub>. We show that N<sub>2</sub>assists in the CO<sub>2</sub>conversion, but part of the applied energy is also wasted in N<sub>2</sub>excitation. Adding O<sub>2</sub>enhances the CH<sub>4</sub>conversion, and lowers the energy cost, while the CO<sub>2</sub>conversion remains constant, and only slightly drops at the highest O<sub>2</sub>fractions studied, when CH<sub>4</sub>is fully oxidized into CO<sub>2</sub>.
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Language Wos 000518034000032 Publication Date 2020-01-30
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ISSN 1463-9262 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 9.8 Times cited Open Access OpenAccess
Notes H2020 European Research Council, 810182 ; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, GoF9618n 12M7118N ; We acknowledge financial support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 810182 – SCOPE ERC Synergy project), the Excellence of Science FWO-FNRS project (FWO grant ID GoF9618n, EOS ID 30505023), and the FWO postdoctoral fellowship of M. A. (Grant number 12M7118N). This work was carried out in part using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen, a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the University of Antwerp. Approved Most recent IF: 9.8; 2020 IF: 9.125
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:167136 Serial 6339
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Author Cordeiro, R.M.; Yusupov, M.; Razzokov, J.; Bogaerts, A.
Title Parametrization and Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Nitrogen Oxyanions and Oxyacids for Applications in Atmospheric and Biomolecular Sciences Type A1 Journal article
Year 2020 Publication Journal Of Physical Chemistry B Abbreviated Journal J Phys Chem B
Volume 124 Issue 6 Pages 1082-1089
Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract Nitrogen oxyanions and oxyacids are important agents in atmospheric chemistry and medical biology. Although their chemical behavior in solution is relatively well understood, they may behave very differently at the water/air interface of atmospheric aerosols or at the membrane/water interface of cells. Here, we developed a fully classical model for molecular dynamics simulations of NO3−, NO2−, HNO3, and HNO2 in the framework of the GROMOS 53A6 and 54A7 force field versions. The model successfully accounted for the poorly structured solvation shell and ion pairing tendency of NO3−. Accurate pure-liquid properties and hydration free energies were obtained for the oxyacids. Simulations at the water/air interface showed a local enrichment of HNO3 and depletion of NO3−. The effect was discussed in light of earlier spectroscopic data and ab initio calculations, suggesting that HNO3 behaves as a weaker acid at the surface of water. Our model will hopefully allow for efficient and accurate simulations of nitrogen oxyanions and oxyacids in solution and at microheterogeneous interface environments.
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Language Wos 000512222500015 Publication Date 2020-02-13
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ISSN 1520-6106 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.3 Times cited Open Access
Notes We thank Universidade Federal do ABC for providing the computational resources needed for completion of this work. This study was financed in part by the Coordenaçaõ de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nı ́vel Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001. Approved Most recent IF: 3.3; 2020 IF: 3.177
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:166488 Serial 6340
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