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Author |
Moggia, G.; Hoekx, S.; Daems, N.; Bals, S.; Breugelmans, T. |
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Title |
Synthesis and characterization of a highly electroactive composite based on Au nanoparticles supported on nanoporous activated carbon for electrocatalysis |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
ChemElectroChem |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-11 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT) |
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Abstract |
A facile, “one-pot”, chemical approach to synthesize gold-based nanoparticles finely dispersed on porous activated carbon (Norit) was demonstrated in this work. The pH of the synthesis bath played a critical role in determining the optimal gold-carbon interaction, which enabled a successful deposition of the gold nanoparticles onto the carbon matrix with a maximized metal utilization of 93 %. The obtained AuNP/C nanocomposite was characterized using SEM, HAADF-STEM electron tomography and electrochemical techniques. It was found that the Au nanoparticles, with diameters between 5 and 20 nm, were evenly distributed over the carbon matrix, both inside and outside the pores. Electrochemical characterization indicated that the composite had a very large electroactive surface area (EASA), as high as 282.4 m2 gAu-1. By exploiting its very high EASA, the catalyst was intended to boost the productivity of glucaric acid in the electrooxidation of its precursor, gluconic acid. However, cyclic voltammetry experiments revealed a very limited reactivity towards gluconic acid oxidation, due to the spacial hindrance of gluconic acid molecule which prevented diffusion inside the catalyst nanopores. On the other hand, the as-synthesized nanocomposite promises to be effective towards the ORR, and might thus find potential application as anode catalyst for fuel cells as well as for the scalability of all those electrochemical reactions involving small molecules with high diffusivity and catalysed by noble metals (i. e. CO2, CH4, N2, etc..). Electrocatalysis: Gold nanoparticles with diameter between 5 and 20 nm evenly distributed onto porous activated carbon (Norit) were obtained using a facile “one-pot” chemical synthesis technique with very high metal utilization. The AuNP/C nanocomposite was characterized using SEM, HAADF-STEM electron tomography and electrochemical techniques, revealing a very large electroactive surface area (EASA). The figure shows the HAADF-STEM image (a) and the respective EDX elemental distribution (b) for the AuNP/C composite with 9.3 % Au-loading developed in this work (Au is marked in red and C in green).image |
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Wos |
001060398900001 |
Publication Date |
2023-09-08 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2196-0216 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
4 |
Times cited |
1 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
The research described in this article has not been supported by the Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency of the European Commission. The views expressed in this article have not been adopted or in any way approved by the European Commission and do not constitute a statement of the European Commission & apos;s views.r S. Hoekx was supported by Research Foundation Flanders (FWO 1S42623N). The authors would like to thank Prof. Dr. Christophe Vande Velde, University of Antwerp, for the XRD analysis. |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 4; 2023 IF: 4.136 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:199210 |
Serial |
8941 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Casavola, M.; van Huis, M.A.; Bals, S.; Lambert, K.; Hens, Z.; Vanmaekelbergh, D. |
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Title |
Anisotropic cation exchange in PbSe/CdSe core/shell nanocrystals of different geometry |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Chemistry of materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Mater |
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Volume |
24 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
294-302 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
We present a study of Cd2+-for-Pb2+ exchange in PbSe nanocrystals (NCs) with cube, star, and rod shapes. Prolonged temperature-activated cation exchange results in PbSe/CdSe heterostructured nanocrystals (HNCs) that preserve their specific overall shape, whereas the PbSe core is strongly faceted with dominance of {111} facets. Hence, cation exchange proceeds while the Se anion lattice is preserved, and well-defined {111}/{111} PbSe/CdSe interfaces develop. Interestingly, by quenching the reaction at different stages of the cation exchange new structures have been isolated, such as coreshell nanorods, CdSe rods that contain one or two separated PbSe dots and fully zinc blende CdSe nanorods. The crystallographically anisotropic cation exchange has been characterized by a combined HRTEM/HAADF-STEM study of heterointerface evolution over reaction time and temperature. Strikingly, Pb and Cd are only intermixed at the PbSe/CdSe interface. We propose a plausible model for the cation exchange based on a layer-by-layer replacement of Pb2+ by Cd2+ enabled by a vacancy-assisted cation migration mechanism. |
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Place of Publication |
Washington, D.C. |
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Wos |
000299367500008 |
Publication Date |
2011-11-17 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0897-4756;1520-5002; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
9.466 |
Times cited |
136 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
Esteem 026019 |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 9.466; 2012 IF: 8.238 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:94211 |
Serial |
124 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Bals, S.; Kabius, B.; Haider, M.; Radmilovic, V.; Kisielowski, C. |
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Title |
Annular dark field imaging in a TEM |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Solid state communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Solid State Commun |
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Volume |
130 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
675-680 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Annular objective apertures are fabricated for a CM300 transmission electron microscope using a focused ion beam system. A central beam stop in the back focal plane of the objective lens of the microscope blocks all electrons scattered up to a semi-angle of approximately 20 mrad. In this manner, contributions to the image from Bragg scattering are largely reduced and the image contrast is sensitive to the atomic number Z. Experimentally, we find that single atom scattering cross sections measured with this technique are close to Rutherford scattering values. A comparison between this new method and STEM-HAADF shows that both techniques result in qualitatively similar images although the resolution of ADF-TEM is limited by contrast delocalization caused by the spherical aberration of the objective lens. This problem can be overcome by using an aberration corrected microscope. |
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Place of Publication |
New York, N.Y. |
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Wos |
000221489300007 |
Publication Date |
2004-04-10 |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0038-1098; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
1.554 |
Times cited |
43 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 1.554; 2004 IF: 1.523 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:87584 |
Serial |
132 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Leroux, F.; Bladt, E.; Timmermans, J.-P.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Bals, S. |
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Title |
Annular dark-field transmission electron microscopy for low contrast materials |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Microscopy and microanalysis |
Abbreviated Journal |
Microsc Microanal |
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Volume |
19 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
629-634 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Imaging soft matter by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is anything but straightforward. Recently, interest has grown in developing alternative imaging modes that generate contrast without additional staining. Here, we present a dark-field TEM technique based on the use of an annular objective aperture. Our experiments demonstrate an increase in both contrast and signal-to-noise ratio in comparison to conventional bright-field TEM. The proposed technique is easy to implement and offers an alternative imaging mode to investigate soft matter. |
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Place of Publication |
Cambridge, Mass. |
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Wos |
000319126300014 |
Publication Date |
2013-04-04 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1431-9276;1435-8115; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
1.891 |
Times cited |
5 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
262348 Esmi; Fwo G002410n G018008 |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 1.891; 2013 IF: 2.161 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:108712 |
Serial |
133 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Goris, B.; Bals, S.; van den Broek, W.; Carbó-Argibay, E.; Gómez-Graña, S.; Liz-Marzán, L.M.; Van Tendeloo, G. |
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Title |
Atomic-scale determination of surface facets in gold nanorods |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Nature materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat Mater |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
930-935 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
It is widely accepted that the physical properties of nanostructures depend on the type of surface facets1, 2. For Au nanorods, the surface facets have a major influence on crucial effects such as reactivity and ligand adsorption and there has been controversy regarding facet indexing3, 4. Aberration-corrected electron microscopy is the ideal technique to study the atomic structure of nanomaterials5, 6. However, these images correspond to two-dimensional (2D) projections of 3D nano-objects, leading to an incomplete characterization. Recently, much progress was achieved in the field of atomic-resolution electron tomography, but it is still far from being a routinely used technique. Here we propose a methodology to measure the 3D atomic structure of free-standing nanoparticles, which we apply to characterize the surface facets of Au nanorods. This methodology is applicable to a broad range of nanocrystals, leading to unique insights concerning the connection between the structure and properties of nanostructures. |
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Place of Publication |
London |
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Wos |
000310434600015 |
Publication Date |
2012-10-19 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1476-1122;1476-4660; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
39.737 |
Times cited |
261 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
262348 ESMI; Hercules 3; 24691 COUNTATOMS; 267867 PLASMAQUO |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 39.737; 2012 IF: 35.749 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:101778 |
Serial |
182 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Egoavil, R.; Tan, H.; Verbeeck, J.; Bals, S.; Smith, B.; Kuiper, B.; Rijnders, G.; Koster, G.; Van Tendeloo, G. |
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Title |
Atomic scale investigation of a PbTiO3/SrRuO3/DyScO3 heterostructure |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Applied physics letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl Phys Lett |
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Volume |
102 |
Issue |
22 |
Pages |
223106-5 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
An epitaxial PbTiO3 thin film grown on self-organized crystalline SrRuO3 nanowires deposited on a DyScO3 substrate with ordered DyO and ScO2 chemical terminations is investigated by transmission electron microscopy. In this PbTiO3/SrRuO3/DyScO3 heterostructure, the SrRuO3 nanowires are assumed to grow on only one type of substrate termination. Here, we report on the structure, morphology, and chemical composition analysis of this heterostructure. Electron energy loss spectroscopy reveals the exact termination sequence in this complex structure. The energy loss near-edge structure of the Ti-L-2,L-3, Sc-L-2,L-3, and O K edges shows intrinsic interfacial electronic reconstruction. Furthermore, PbTiO3 domain walls are observed to start at the end of the nanowires resulting in atomic steps on the film surface. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC. |
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American Institute of Physics |
Place of Publication |
New York, N.Y. |
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Wos |
000320621600070 |
Publication Date |
2013-06-05 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0003-6951; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.411 |
Times cited |
12 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
Ifox; Esteem2; Countatoms; Vortex; esteem2jra3 ECASJO; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.411; 2013 IF: 3.515 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:109606UA @ admin @ c:irua:109606 |
Serial |
185 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Martens, J.A.; Thybaut, J.W.; Denayer, J.F.M.; Sree, S.P.; Aerts, A.; Reyniers, M.-F.; van Speybroeck, V.; Waroquier, M.; Buekenhoudt, A.; Vankelecom, I.; Buijs, W.; Persoons, J.; Baron, G.V.; Bals, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Marin, G.B.; Jacobs, P.A.; Kirschhock, C.E.A. |
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Title |
Catalytic and molecular separation properties of Zeogrids and Zeotiles |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Catalysis today |
Abbreviated Journal |
Catal Today |
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Volume |
168 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
17-27 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Zeogrids and Zeotiles are hierarchical materials built from assembled MFI zeolite precursor units. Permanent secondary porosity in these materials is obtained through self assembly of nanoparticles encountered in MFI zeolite synthesis in the presence of supramolecular templates. Hereon, the aggregated species are termed nanoslabs. Zeogrids are layered materials with lateral spacings between nanoslabs creating galleries qualifying as supermicropores. Zeotiles present a diversity of tridimensional nanoslab assemblies with mesopores. Zeotile-1, -4 and -6 are hexagonal mesostructures. Zeotile-1 has triangular and hexagonal channels; Zeotile-4 has hexagonal channels interconnected via slits. Zeotile-2 has a cubic structure with gyroid type mesoporosity. The behavior of Zeogrids and Zeotiles in adsorption, membrane and chromatographic separation and catalysis has been characterized and compared with zeolites and mesoporous materials derived from unstructured silica sources. Shape selectivity was detected via adsorption of n- and iso-alkanes. The mesoporosity of Zeotiles can be exploited in chromatographic separation of biomolecules. Zeotiles present attractive separation properties relevant to CO2 sequestration. Because of its facile synthesis procedure without hydrothermal steps Zeogrid is convenient for membrane synthesis. The performance of Zeogrid membrane in gas separation, nanofiltration and pervaporation is reported. In the Beckmann rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime Zeogrids and Zeotiles display a catalytic activity characteristic of silicalite-1 zeolites. Introduction of acidity and redox catalytic activity can be achieved via incorporation of Al and Ti atoms in the nanoslabs during synthesis. Zeogrids are active in hydrocracking, catalytic cracking, alkylation and epoxidation reactions. Zeogrids and Zeotiles often behave differently from ordered mesoporous materials as well as from zeolites and present a valuable extension of the family of hierarchical silicate based materials. |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Amsterdam |
Editor |
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Wos |
000291033300003 |
Publication Date |
2011-03-09 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0920-5861; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
4.636 |
Times cited |
13 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
Fwo; Iap
Sbo |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.636; 2011 IF: 3.407 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:88647 |
Serial |
290 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Van Tendeloo, L.; Wangermez, W.; Kurttepeli, M.; de Blochouse, B.; Bals, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Martens, J.A.; Maes, A.; Kirschhock, C.E.A.; Breynaert, E. |
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Title |
Chabazite : stable cation-exchanger in hyper alkaline concrete pore water |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Environmental science and technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environ Sci Technol |
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Volume |
49 |
Issue |
49 |
Pages |
2358-2365 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
To avoid impact on the environment, facilities for permanent disposal of hazardous waste adopt multibarrier design schemes. As the primary barrier very often consists of cement-based materials, two distinct aspects are essential for the selection of suitable complementary barriers: (1) selective sorption of the contaminants in the repository and (2) long-term chemical stability in hyperalkaline concrete-derived media. A multidisciplinary approach combining experimental strategies from environmental chemistry and materials science is therefore essential to provide a reliable assessment of potential candidate materials. Chabazite is typically synthesized in 1 M KOH solutions but also crystallizes in simulated young cement pore water, a pH 13 aqueous solution mainly containing K+ and Na+ cations. Its formation and stability in this medium was evaluated as a function of temperature (60 and 85 °C) over a timeframe of more than 2 years and was also asessed from a mechanistic point of view. Chabazite demonstrates excellent cation-exchange properties in simulated young cement pore water. Comparison of its Cs+ cation exchange properties at pH 8 and pH 13 unexpectedly demonstrated an increase of the KD with increasing pH. The combined results identify chabazite as a valid candidate for inclusion in engineered barriers for concrete-based waste disposal. |
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Place of Publication |
Easton, Pa |
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Wos |
000349806400047 |
Publication Date |
2015-01-08 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0013-936X;1520-5851; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.198 |
Times cited |
13 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
This work was supported by long-term structural funding by the Flemish Government (Methusalem) and by ONDRAF/ NIRAS, the Belgian Agency for Radioactive Waste and Fissile Materials, as part of the program on surface disposal of Belgian Category A waste. The Belgian government is acknowledged for financing the interuniversity poles of attraction (IAP-PAI). G.V.T. and S.B. acknowledge financial support from European Research Council (ERC Advanced Grant no. 24691-COUNTATOMS, ERC Starting Grant no. 335078-COLOURATOMS).; ECAS_Sara; (ROMEO:white; preprint:; postprint:restricted 12 months embargo; pdfversion:cannot); |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.198; 2015 IF: 5.330 |
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Call Number |
c:irua:127695 |
Serial |
307 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Lubyshev, D.; Fastenau, J.M.; Fang, X.-M.; Wu, Y.; Doss, C.; Snyder, A.; Liu, W.K.; Lamb, M.S.M.; Bals, S.; Song, C. |
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Title |
Comparison of As- and P-based metamorphic buffers for high performance InP heterojunction bipolar transistor and high electron mobility transistor applications |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Journal of vacuum science & technology. B. Microelectronics and nanometer structures. Processing, measurement and phenomena |
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Volume |
22 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
1565-1569 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Metamorphic buffers (M-buffers) consisting of graded InAlAs or bulk InP were employed for the production of InP-based epiwafers on GaAs substrates by molecular-beam epitaxy. The graded InAlAs is the standard for production metamorphic high electron mobility transistors (M-HEMTs), while the bulk InP offers superior thermal properties for higher current density circuits. The surface morphology and crystal structure of the two M-buffers showed different relaxation mechanisms. The graded InAlAs gave a cross-hatched pattern with nearly full relaxation and very effective dislocation filtering, while the bulk InP had a uniform isotropic surface with dislocations propagating further up towards the active layers. Both types of M-buffers had atomic force microscopy root-mean-square roughness values around 2030 Å. The Hall transport properties of high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) grown on the InAlAs M-buffer, and a baseline HEMT grown lattice matched on InP, both had room-temperature mobilities >10 000 cm2/V s, while the M-HEMT on the InP M-buffer showed a decrease to 9000 cm2/V s. Similarly, the dc parameters of a double heterojunction bipolar transistor (DHBT) grown on the InAlAs M-buffer were much closer to the baseline heterojunction bipolar transistor than a DHBT grown on the InP M-buffer. A high breakdown voltage of 11.3 V was achieved on an M-DHBT with the InAlAs M-buffer. We speculate that the degradation in device characteristics on the InP M-buffer was related to the incomplete dislocation filtering. |
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Place of Publication |
Woodbury, N.Y. |
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Language |
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Wos |
000222481400141 |
Publication Date |
2004-07-08 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0734-211X; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
25 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:87596 |
Serial |
427 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
di Vece, M.; Bals, S.; Lievens, P.; Van Tendeloo, G. |
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Title |
Compositional changes of Pd-Au bimetallic nanoclusters upon hydrogenation |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Physical review : B : solid state |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys Rev B |
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Volume |
80 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
125420,1-125420,4 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Changes in the size distribution and composition of bimetallic Pd-Au nanoclusters have been observed after hydrogen exposure. This effect is caused by hydrogen-induced Ostwald ripening whereby the hydrogen reduces the binding energy of the cluster atoms leading to their detachment from the cluster. The composition changes due to a difference in mobility of the detached palladium and gold atoms on the surface. Fast palladium atoms contribute to the formation of larger nanoclusters, while the slower gold atoms are confined to the smaller nanoclusters. These transformations in the Pd-Au nanocluster size and composition set a limit for chemical reactions in which such nanoclusters are involved together with hydrogen. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Lancaster, Pa |
Editor |
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Language |
|
Wos |
000270383300121 |
Publication Date |
2009-09-23 |
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Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
1098-0121;1550-235X; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
3.836 |
Times cited |
28 |
Open Access |
|
|
|
Notes |
Fwo; Goa; Iap-Vi; Esteem 026019 |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.836; 2009 IF: 3.475 |
|
|
Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:79232 |
Serial |
445 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
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|
|
|
Author |
Ennaert, T.; Geboers, J.; Gobechiya, E.; Courtin, C.M.; Kurttepeli, M.; Houthoofd, K.; Kirschhock, C.E.A.; Magusin, P.C.M.M.; Bals, S.; Jacobs, P.A.; Sels, B.F. |
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|
Title |
Conceptual frame rationalizing the self-stabilization of H-USY zeolites in hot liquid water |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2015 |
Publication |
ACS catalysis |
Abbreviated Journal |
Acs Catal |
|
|
Volume |
5 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
754-768 |
|
|
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
|
|
Abstract |
The wide range of liquid-phase reactions required for the catalytic conversion of biomass compounds into new bioplatform molecules defines a new set of challenges for the development of active, selective, and stable catalysts. The potential of bifunctional Ru/H-USY catalysts for conversions in hot liquid water (HLW) is assessed in terms of physicochemical stability and long-term catalytic performance of acid sites and noble metal functionality, as probed by hydrolytic hydrogenation of cellulose. It is shown that zeolite desilication is the main zeolite degradation mechanism in HLW. USY zeolite stability depends on two main parameters, viz., framework and extra-framework aluminum content. The former protects the zeolite lattice by counteracting hydrolysis of framework bonds, and the latter, when located at the external crystal surface, prevents solubilization of the zeolite framework which is the result of its low water-solubility. Hence, the hot liquid water stability of commercial H-USY zeolites, in contrast to their steam stability, increased with decreasing Si/AI ratio. As a result, mildly steamed USY zeolites containing a high amount of both Al species exhibit the highest resistance to HLW. During an initial period of transformations, Al-rich zeolites form additional protective extra-framework Al species at the outer surface, self-stabilizing the framework. A critical bulk Si/AI ratio of 3 was determined whereby USY zeolites with a lower Si/AI ratio will self-stabilize over time. Besides, due to the initial transformation period, the accessibility of the catalytic active sites is extensively enhanced resulting in a material that is more stable and drastically more accessible to large substrates than the original zeolite. When these findings are applied in the hydrolytic hydrogenation of cellulose, unprecedented nearly quantitative hexitol yields were obtained with a stable catalytic system. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
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Language |
|
Wos |
000349275300031 |
Publication Date |
2014-12-09 |
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Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
2155-5435;2155-5435; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
10.614 |
Times cited |
65 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
|
|
Notes |
335078 Colouratom; ECAS_Sara; (ROMEO:white; preprint:; postprint:restricted 12 months embargo; pdfversion:cannot); |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 10.614; 2015 IF: 9.312 |
|
|
Call Number |
c:irua:125288 |
Serial |
474 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Abakumov, A.M.; Hadermann, J.; Bals, S.; Nikolaev, I.V.; Antipov, E.V.; Van Tendeloo, G. |
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|
Title |
Crystallographic shear structures as a route to anion-deficient perovskites |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English |
Abbreviated Journal |
Angew Chem Int Edit |
|
|
Volume |
45 |
Issue |
40 |
Pages |
6697-6700 |
|
|
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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|
Abstract |
|
|
|
Address |
|
|
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Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
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Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
Weinheim |
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Wos |
000241474500022 |
Publication Date |
2006-09-13 |
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
1433-7851;1521-3773; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
11.994 |
Times cited |
62 |
Open Access |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: 11.994; 2006 IF: 10.232 |
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|
Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:61689 |
Serial |
589 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Verheyen, E.; Joos, L.; Van Havenbergh, K.; Breynaert, E.; Kasian, N.; Gobechiya, E.; Houthoofd, K.; Martineau, C.; Hinterstein, M.; Taulelle, F.; Van Speybroeck, V.; Waroquier, M.; Bals, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Kirschhock, C.E.A.; Martens, J.A.; |
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Title |
Design of zeolite by inverse sigma transformation |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Nature materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat Mater |
|
|
Volume |
11 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
1059-1064 |
|
|
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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|
Abstract |
Although the search for new zeolites has traditionally been based on trial and error, more rational methods are now available. The theoretical concept of inverse transformation of a zeolite framework to generate a new structure by removal of a layer of framework atoms and contraction has for the first time been achieved experimentally. The reactivity of framework germanium atoms in strong mineral acid was exploited to selectively remove germanium-containing four-ring units from an UTL type germanosilicate zeolite. Annealing of the leached framework through calcination led to the new all-silica COK-14 zeolite with intersecting 12- and 10-membered ring channel systems. An intermediate stage of this inverse transformation with dislodged germanate four-rings still residing in the pores could be demonstrated. Inverse transformation involving elimination of germanium-containing structural units opens perspectives for the synthesis of many more zeolites. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
London |
Editor |
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|
Language |
|
Wos |
000311432600025 |
Publication Date |
2012-10-19 |
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Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
1476-1122;1476-4660; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
39.737 |
Times cited |
140 |
Open Access |
|
|
|
Notes |
Fwo |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 39.737; 2012 IF: 35.749 |
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|
Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:101783 |
Serial |
661 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
He, Z.; Ke, X.; Bals, S.; Van Tendeloo, G. |
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Title |
Direct evidence for the existence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes with hexagonal cross-sections |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Carbon |
Abbreviated Journal |
Carbon |
|
|
Volume |
50 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
2524-2529 |
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|
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
|
|
Abstract |
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with a polygonal cross-section have been paid increasing attention since their three-dimensional structure is related to specific physical properties, which are found to be different in comparison to CNTs with a circular cross-section. Here, we report the existence of novel multi-walled CNTs yielding walls with a rounded-hexagonal configuration. This structure was directly confirmed for the first time by both cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy and electron tomography. The morphology of the Fe catalytic particle also exhibits hexagonal characteristics, and is proposed as the origin of the formation of the rounded-hexagonal walls of the CNT. This observation is of great importance with respect to the design of polygonal (such as pentagonal or hexagonal) cross-sectional CNTs. By controlling the morphology of the catalytic nanoparticles it will be possible to grow CNTs with desired electronic and mechanical properties. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Oxford |
Editor |
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|
|
Language |
|
Wos |
000303038400015 |
Publication Date |
2012-02-06 |
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Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0008-6223; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
6.337 |
Times cited |
8 |
Open Access |
|
|
|
Notes |
Fwo |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.337; 2012 IF: 5.868 |
|
|
Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:96956 |
Serial |
711 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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|
|
Author |
Van Aert, S.; Chang, L.Y.; Bals, S.; Kirkland, A.I.; Van Tendeloo, G. |
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|
Title |
Effect of amorphous layers on the interpretation of restored exit waves |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Ultramicroscopy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ultramicroscopy |
|
|
Volume |
109 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
237-246 |
|
|
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
|
|
Abstract |
The effects of amorphous layers on the quality of exit wave restorations have been investigated. Two independently developed software implementations for exit wave restoration have been used to simulated focal series of images of SrTiO3 with amorphous carbon layers incorporated. The restored exit waves have been compared both qualitatively and quantitatively. We have shown that amorphous layers have a strong impact on the quantitative measurements of atomic column positions, however, the error in the position measurements is still in the picometer range. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
Amsterdam |
Editor |
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Language |
|
Wos |
000264280200005 |
Publication Date |
2008-11-15 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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|
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0304-3991; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
2.843 |
Times cited |
10 |
Open Access |
|
|
|
Notes |
Fwo; Esteem 026019 |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.843; 2009 IF: 2.067 |
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|
Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:76421 |
Serial |
796 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Ustarroz, J.; Gupta, U.; Hubin, A.; Bals, S.; Terryn, H. |
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Title |
Electrodeposition of Ag nanoparticles onto carbon coated TEM grids : a direct approach to study early stages of nucleation |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Electrochemistry communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Electrochem Commun |
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|
Volume |
12 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
1706-1709 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
|
|
Abstract |
An innovative experimental approach to study the electrodeposition of small nanoparticles and the early stages of electrochemical nucleation and growth is presented. Carbon coated gold TEM grids are used as substrates for the electrodeposition of silver nanoparticles so that electrochemical data, FESEM, HAADFSTEM and HRTEM data can be acquired from the same sample without the need to remove the particles from the substrate. It is shown that the real distribution of nanoparticles cannot be resolved by FESEM whereas HAADFSTEM analysis confirms that a distribution of small nanoparticles (d ≈ 12 nm) coexist with large nanoparticles corresponding to a bimodal size distribution. Besides, particles grown under the same conditions have been found to present different structures such as monocrystals, polycrystals or aggregates of smaller particles. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Amsterdam |
Editor |
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Language |
|
Wos |
000285904700010 |
Publication Date |
2010-10-09 |
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Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
1388-2481; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
4.396 |
Times cited |
52 |
Open Access |
|
|
|
Notes |
Fwo |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.396; 2010 IF: 4.287 |
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|
Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:87612 |
Serial |
900 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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|
Author |
Kerkhofs, S.; Willhammar, T.; Van Den Noortgate, H.; Kirschhock, C.E.A.; Breynaert, E.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Bals, S.; Martens, J.A. |
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|
Title |
Self-Assembly of Pluronic F127—Silica Spherical Core–Shell Nanoparticles in Cubic Close-Packed Structures |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Chemistry of materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Mater |
|
|
Volume |
27 |
Issue |
27 |
Pages |
5161-5169 |
|
|
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
|
|
Abstract |
A new ordered mesoporous silica material (COK-19) with cubic symmetry is synthesized by silicate polycondensation in a citric acid/citrate buffered micellar solution of Pluronic F127 triblock copolymer near neutral pH. SAXS, nitrogen adsorption, TEM, and electron tomography reveal the final material has a cubic close packed symmetry (Fm3̅m) with isolated spherical mesopores interconnected through micropores. Heating of the synthesis medium from room temperature to 70 °C results in a mesopore size increase from 7.0 to 11.2 nm. Stepwise addition of the silicate source allows isolation of a sequence of intermediates that upon characterization with small-angle X-ray scattering uncovers the formation process via formation and aggregation of individual silica-covered Pluronic micelles. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
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Language |
|
Wos |
000359499100003 |
Publication Date |
2015-07-24 |
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Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0897-4756 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
9.466 |
Times cited |
39 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
|
|
Notes |
J.A.M. acknowledges the Flemish government for long-term structural funding (Methusalem, METH/08/04). The Belgian government is acknowledged for financing the interuniversity poles of attraction (IAP-PAI, P7/05 FS2). G.V.T., S.B. and T.W. acknowledge financial support from European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant no. 335078-COLOURATOMS). E.B. acknowledges financial support the Flemish FWO for a postdoctoral fellowship (1265013N). The authors gratefully thank Kristof Houthoofd for performing the NMR experiments.; ECAS_Sara; (ROMEO:white; preprint:; postprint:restricted 12 months embargo; pdfversion:cannot); |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 9.466; 2015 IF: 8.354 |
|
|
Call Number |
c:irua:127758 |
Serial |
3977 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Verbeeck, J.; Bals, S.; Lamoen, D.; Luysberg, M.; Huijben, M.; Rijnders, G.; Brinkman, A.; Hilgenkamp, H.; Blank, D.H.A.; Van Tendeloo, G. |
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|
Title |
Electronic reconstruction at n-type SrTiO3/LaAlO3 interfaces |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys Rev B |
|
|
Volume |
81 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
085113,1-085113,6 |
|
|
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
|
|
Abstract |
Electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) is used to investigate single layers of LaAlO3 grown on SrTiO3 having an n-type interface as well as multilayers of LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 in which both n- and p-type interfaces occur. Only minor changes in Ti valence at the n-type interface are observed. This finding seems to contradict earlier experiments for other SrTiO3/LaAlO3 systems where large deviations in Ti valency were assumed to be responsible for the conductivity of these interfaces. Ab initio calculations have been carried out in order to interpret our EELS results. Using the concept of Bader charges, it is demonstrated that the so-called polar discontinuity is mainly resolved by lattice distortions and to a far lesser extent by changes in valency for both single layer and multilayer geometries. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
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Language |
|
Wos |
000275053300040 |
Publication Date |
2010-02-18 |
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Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
1098-0121;1550-235X; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
3.836 |
Times cited |
25 |
Open Access |
|
|
|
Notes |
Esteem 026019; Fwo |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.836; 2010 IF: 3.774 |
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|
Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:81768UA @ admin @ c:irua:81768 |
Serial |
1005 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Huijben, M.; Rijnders, G.; Blank, D.H.A.; Bals, S.; Van Aert, S.; Verbeeck, J.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Brinkman, A.; Hilgenkamp, H. |
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Title |
Electronically coupled complementary interfaces between perovskite band insulators |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Nature materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat Mater |
|
|
Volume |
5 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
556-560 |
|
|
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
London |
Editor |
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Language |
|
Wos |
000238708900021 |
Publication Date |
2006-06-18 |
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Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
1476-1122;1476-4660; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
39.737 |
Times cited |
315 |
Open Access |
|
|
|
Notes |
Fwo |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 39.737; 2006 IF: 19.194 |
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|
Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:59713UA @ admin @ c:irua:59713 |
Serial |
1019 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Figuerola, A.; Franchini, I.R.; Fiore, A.; Mastria, R.; Falqui, A.; Bertoni, G.; Bals, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Kudera, S.; Cingolani, R.; Manna, L. |
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|
Title |
End-to-end assembly of shape-controlled nanocrystals via a nanowelding approach mediated by gold domains |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Advanced materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
Adv Mater |
|
|
Volume |
21 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
550-554 |
|
|
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
|
|
Abstract |
Welding nanocrystals for assembly: The welding of Au domains grown on the tips of shape-controlled cadmium chalcogenide colloidal nanocrystals is used as a strategy for their assembly. Iodine-induced coagulation of selectively grown Au domains leads to assemblies such as flowerlike structures based on bullet-shaped nanocrystals, linear and cross-linked chains of nanorods, and globular networks with tetrapods as building blocks. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
Weinheim |
Editor |
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Language |
|
Wos |
000263371800005 |
Publication Date |
2008-11-14 |
|
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Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0935-9648; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
19.791 |
Times cited |
110 |
Open Access |
|
|
|
Notes |
Esteem 026019; Fwo |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 19.791; 2009 IF: 8.379 |
|
|
Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:75960 |
Serial |
1037 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
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|
|
Author |
Montoya, E.; Bals, S.; Rossell, M.D.; Schryvers, D.; Van Tendeloo, G. |
|
|
Title |
Evaluation of top, angle, and side cleaned FIB samples for TEM analysis |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Microscopy research and technique |
Abbreviated Journal |
Microsc Res Techniq |
|
|
Volume |
70 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
1060-1071 |
|
|
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
|
|
Abstract |
ITEM specimens of a LaAlO3/SrTiO3 multilayer are prepared by FIB with internal lift out. Using a Ga+1 beam of 5 kV, a final cleaning step yielding top, top-angle, side, and bottom-angle cleaning is performed. Different cleaning procedures, which can be easily implemented in a dual beam FIB system, are described and compared; all cleaning types produce thin lamellae, useful for HRTEM and HAADF-STEM work up to atomic resolution. However, the top cleaned lamellae are strongly affected by the curtain effect. Top-angle cleaned specimens show an amorphous layer of around 5 nm at the specimen surfaces, due to damage and redeposition. Furthermore, it is observed that the LaAlO3 layers are preferentially destroyed and transformed into amorphous material, during the thinning process. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
New York, N.Y. |
Editor |
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Language |
|
Wos |
000251868200008 |
Publication Date |
2007-08-25 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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|
ISSN |
1059-910X;1097-0029; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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|
Impact Factor |
1.147 |
Times cited |
36 |
Open Access |
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|
Notes |
Aip; Fwo |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 1.147; 2007 IF: 1.644 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:67282 |
Serial |
1090 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Samal, D.; Tan, H.; Molegraaf, H.; Kuiper, B.; Siemons, W.; Bals, S.; Verbeeck, J.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Takamura, Y.; Arenholz, E.; Jenkins, C.A.; Rijnders, G.; Koster, G. |
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Title |
Experimental evidence for oxygen sublattice control in polar infinite layer SrCuO2 |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Physical review letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys Rev Lett |
|
|
Volume |
111 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
096102-96105 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
A recent theoretical study [ Phys. Rev. B 85 121411(R) (2012)] predicted a thickness limit below which ideal polar cuprates turn nonpolar driven by the associated electrostatic instability. Here we demonstrate this possibility by inducing a structural transformation from the bulk planar to chainlike structure upon reducing the SrCuO2 repeat thickness in SrCuO2/SrTiO3 superlattices with unit-cell precision. Our results, based on structural investigation by x-ray diffraction and high resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy, demonstrate that the oxygen sublattice can essentially be built by design. In addition, the electronic structure of the chainlike structure, as studied by x-ray absorption spectroscopy, shows the signature for preferential hole occupation in the Cu 3d3z2-r2 orbital, which is different from the planar case. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
New York, N.Y. |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000323610800023 |
Publication Date |
2013-08-27 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0031-9007;1079-7114; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
8.462 |
Times cited |
29 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
This work was carried out with financial support from AFOSR and EOARD project (Project No. FA8655-10-1-3077) and also supported by funding from the European Research Council under the 7th Framework Program (FP7), ERC Grant No. 246791-COUNTATOMS and ERC Starting Grant No. 278510 VORTEX. The Qu-Ant-EM microscope was partly funded by the Hercules fund from the Flemish Government. This work was partially funded by the European Union Council under the 7th Framework Program (FP7) Grant No. NMP3-LA-2010-246102 IFOX. The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Union under the Seventh Framework Program under a contract for an Integrated Infrastructure No. 312483-ESTEEM2. Advanced Light Source is supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Y. T. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation (DMR-0747896). W. S. was supported by the US DOE, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. D. S. thanks Z. Zhong from Vienna University of Technology, Austria for scientific discussion. ECASJO_; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 8.462; 2013 IF: 7.728 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:109452UA @ admin @ c:irua:109452 |
Serial |
1140 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Kundu, P.; Heidari, H.; Bals, S.; Ravishankar, N.; Van Tendeloo, G. |
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Title |
Formation and thermal stability of gold-silica nanohybrids : insight into the mechanism and morphology by electron tomography |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English |
Abbreviated Journal |
Angew Chem Int Edit |
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Volume |
53 |
Issue |
15 |
Pages |
3970-3974 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Gold-silica hybrids are appealing in different fields of applications like catalysis, sensorics, drug delivery, and biotechnology. In most cases, the morphology and distribution of the heterounits play significant roles in their functional behavior. Methods of synthesizing these hybrids, with variable ordering of the heterounits, are replete; however, a complete characterization in three dimensions could not be achieved yet. A simple route to the synthesis of Au-decorated SiO2 spheres is demonstrated and a study on the 3D ordering of the heterounits by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) tomography is presentedat the final stage, intermediate stages of formation, and after heating the hybrid. The final hybrid evolves from a soft self-assembled structure of Au nanoparticles. The hybrid shows good thermal stability up to 400 degrees C, beyond which the Au particles start migrating inside the SiO2 matrix. This study provides an insight in the formation mechanism and thermal stability of the structures which are crucial factors for designing and applying such hybrids in fields of catalysis and biotechnology. As the method is general, it can be applied to make similar hybrids based on SiO2 by tuning the reaction chemistry as needed. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Weinheim |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000333634800036 |
Publication Date |
2014-03-05 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1433-7851; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
11.994 |
Times cited |
10 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
This research has received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Program (ERC; grant number 246791)— COUNTATOMS, COLOURATOMS, as well as from the IAP 7/05 Programme initiated by the Belgian Science Policy Office. Funding from the Department of Science and Technology (DST) is also acknowledged.; ECAS_Sara; (ROMEO:yellow; preprint:; postprint:restricted ; pdfversion:cannot); |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 11.994; 2014 IF: 11.261 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:117186 |
Serial |
1251 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Wang, Y.; Sentosun, K.; Li, A.; Coronado-Puchau, M.; Sánchez-Iglesias, A.; Li, S.; Su, X.; Bals, S.; Liz-Marzán, L.M. |
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Title |
Engineering Structural Diversity in Gold Nanocrystals by Ligand-Mediated Interface Control |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Chemistry of materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Mater |
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Volume |
27 |
Issue |
27 |
Pages |
8032-8040 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Surface and interface control is fundamentally important for crystal growth engineering, catalysis, surface enhanced spectroscopies, and self-assembly, among other processes and applications. Understanding the role of ligands in regulating surface properties of plasmonic metal nanocrystals during growth has received considerable attention. However, the underlying mechanisms and the diverse functionalities of ligands are yet to be fully addressed. In this contribution,
we report a systematic study of ligand-mediated interface control in seeded growth of gold nanocrystals, leading to diverse and exotic nanostructures with an improved surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity. Three dimensional transmission electron microscopy (3D TEM) revealed an intriguing gold shell growth process mediated by the bifunctional ligand 1,4-benzenedithiol (BDT), which leads to a unique crystal growth mechanism as compared to other ligands, and subsequently to the concept of interfacial energy control mechanism. Volmer-Weber growth mode was proposed to be responsible for BDT-mediated seeded growth, favoring the strongest interfacial energy and generating an asymmetric island growth pathway with internal crevices/gaps. This additionally favors incorporation of BDT at the plasmonic nanogaps, thereby generating strong SERS activity with a maximum efficiency for a core-semishell configuration obtained along seeded growth. Numerical modeling was used to explain this observation. Interestingly, the same strategy can be used to engineer the structural diversity of this system, by using gold nanoparticle seeds with various sizes and shapes, and varying the [Au3+]/[Au0] ratio. This rendered a series of diverse and exotic plasmonic nanohybrids such as semishell-coated gold nanorods, with embedded Raman-active tags and Janus surface with distinct surface functionalities.
These would greatly enrich the plasmonic nanostructure toolbox for various studies and applications such as anisotropic nanocrystal engineering, SERS, and high-resolution Raman bioimaging or nanoantenna devices. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000366223200023 |
Publication Date |
2015-10-09 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
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ISSN |
0897-4756;1520-5002; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
9.466 |
Times cited |
18 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
The authors thank Bart Goris for his help with electron tomography. This work was funded by the European Commission (Grant #310445-2, SAVVY). The authors acknowledge financial support from European Research Council (ERC Advanced Grant # 267867- PLASMAQUO, ERC Starting Grant #335078-COLOURATOMS). The authors also appreciate financial support from the European Union under the Seventh Framework Program (Integrated Infrastructure Initiative N. 262348 European Soft Matter Infrastructure, ESMI). Wang Y. and Su X. would like to acknowledge the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, for the financial support under the Grant JCO 14302FG096. M. C.-P. acknowledges an FPU scholarship from the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports.; ECAS_Sara; (ROMEO:white; preprint:; postprint:restricted 12 months embargo; pdfversion:cannot); |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 9.466; 2015 IF: 8.354 |
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Call Number |
c:irua:129598 c:irua:129598 |
Serial |
3972 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Lueangchaichaweng, W.; Brooks, N.R.; Fiorilli, S.; Gobechiya, E.; Lin, K.; Li, L.; Parres-Esclapez, S.; Javon, E.; Bals, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Martens, J.A.; Kirschhock, C.E.A.; Jacobs, P.A.; Pescarmona, P.P.; |
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Title |
Gallium oxide nanorods : novel, template-free synthesis and high catalytic activity in epoxidation reactions |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English |
Abbreviated Journal |
Angew Chem Int Edit |
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Volume |
53 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1585-1589 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Gallium oxide nanorods with unprecedented small dimensions (20-80nm length and 3-5nm width) were prepared using a novel, template-free synthesis method. This nanomaterial is an excellent heterogeneous catalyst for the sustainable epoxidation of alkenes with H2O2, rivaling the industrial benchmark microporous titanosilicate TS-1 with linear alkenes and being much superior with bulkier substrates. A thorough characterization study elucidated the correlation between the physicochemical properties of the gallium oxide nanorods and their catalytic performance, and underlined the importance of the nanorod morphology for generating a material with high specific surface area and a high number of accessible acid sites. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Weinheim |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000330558400021 |
Publication Date |
2014-01-22 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1433-7851; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
11.994 |
Times cited |
61 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
START 1; Methusalem; Prodex; IAP-PAI; and the ERC (grant number 24691-COUNTATOMS and grant number 335078-COLOURATOM) projects; ECAS_Sara; (ROMEO:yellow; preprint:; postprint:restricted ; pdfversion:cannot); |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 11.994; 2014 IF: 11.261 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:115726 |
Serial |
1314 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Ustarroz, J.; Hammons, J.A.; Altantzis, T.; Hubin, A.; Bals, S.; Terryn, H. |
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Title |
A generalized electrochemical aggregative growth mechanism |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Journal of the American Chemical Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Am Chem Soc |
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Volume |
135 |
Issue |
31 |
Pages |
11550-11561 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
The early stages of nanocrystal nucleation and growth are still an active field of research and remain unrevealed. In this work, by the combination of aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electrochemical characterization of the electrodeposition of different metals, we provide a complete reformulation of the VolmerWeber 3D island growth mechanism, which has always been accepted to explain the early stages of metal electrodeposition and thin-film growth on low-energy substrates. We have developed a Generalized Electrochemical Aggregative Growth Mechanism which mimics the atomistic processes during the early stages of thin-film growth, by incorporating nanoclusters as building blocks. We discuss the influence of new processes such as nanocluster self-limiting growth, surface diffusion, aggregation, and coalescence on the growth mechanism and morphology of the resulting nanostructures. Self-limiting growth mechanisms hinder nanocluster growth and favor coalescence driven growth. The size of the primary nanoclusters is independent of the applied potential and deposition time. The balance between nucleation, nanocluster surface diffusion, and coalescence depends on the material and the overpotential, and influences strongly the morphology of the deposits. A small extent of coalescence leads to ultraporous dendritic structures, large surface coverage, and small particle size. Contrarily, full recrystallization leads to larger hemispherical monocrystalline islands and smaller particle density. The mechanism we propose represents a scientific breakthrough from the fundamental point of view and indicates that achieving the right balance between nucleation, self-limiting growth, cluster surface diffusion, and coalescence is essential and opens new, exciting possibilities to build up enhanced supported nanostructures using nanoclusters as building blocks. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Washington, D.C. |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000323019400034 |
Publication Date |
2013-06-28 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0002-7863;1520-5126; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
13.858 |
Times cited |
124 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
Fow; Hercules |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 13.858; 2013 IF: 11.444 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:109453 |
Serial |
1323 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Filippov, S.K.; Sedlacek, O.; Bogomolova, A.; Vetrik, M.; Jirak, D.; Kovar, J.; Kucka, J.; Bals, S.; Turner, S.; Stepanek, P.; Hruby, M.; |
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Title |
Glycogen as a biodegradable construction nanomaterial for in vivo use |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Macromolecular bioscience |
Abbreviated Journal |
Macromol Biosci |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
1731-1738 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
It is demonstrated that glycogen as a biodegradable and inexpensive material coming from renewable resources can be used as a carrier for the construction of in vivo imaging nanoagents. The model system considered is composed of glycogen modified with gadolinium and fluorescent labels. Systematic studies of properties of these nanocarriers by a variety of physical methods and results of in vivo tests of biodegradability are reported. This represents, to the authors' best knowledge, the first such use of glycogen. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Weinheim |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000312242600016 |
Publication Date |
2012-11-21 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1616-5187; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.238 |
Times cited |
22 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
262348 ESMI; FWO; Hercules |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.238; 2012 IF: 3.742 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:105286 |
Serial |
1354 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Salluzzo, M.; Aruta, C.; Maggio-Aprile, I.; Fischer, Ø.; Bals, S.; Zegenhagen, J. |
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Title |
Growth of R1+xBa2-xCu3O7-\delta epitaxial films investigated by in situ scanning tunneling microscopy |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Physica status solidi: A: applied research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys Status Solidi A |
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Volume |
186 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
339-364 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
The problem of the epitaxial growth of the high temperature superconducting R1+xBa2xCu3O7δ (R = Y or rare earth except Ce and Tb) films has been addressed. Using in situ ultra high vacuum Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (UHV-STM) we have studied the role of cationic substitution and substrate mismatch on the growth mode of stoichiometric and Nd-rich Nd1+xBa2xCu3O7δ thin films. The results are compared to the growth of Y1Ba2Cu3O7δ, Dy1Ba2Cu3O7δ and Gd1Ba2Cu3O7δ epitaxial films. Two main phenomena are investigated: a) the first stage of the direct nucleation on the substrate and b) the crossover between 2D and 3D growth upon increasing the film thickness. At the first stage of the growth, pseudo-cubic perovskite (Re,Ba)CuO3 nuclei are formed. While they disappear after the growth of a few nm in stoichiometric films, they persist on the surface of Nd-rich films of up to 110 nm thickness. Stoichiometric R1+xBa2xCu3O7δ films exhibit a rough morphology with increasing thickness due to island growth mode, whereas Nd-rich films remain smooth and continue to grow layer by layer. It is proposed that linear defects (like anti-phase boundaries), which are formed due to the misalignment of growth fronts, are the source of screw dislocations in stoichiometric films. In Nd-rich films, linear defects are eliminated through the insertion of (Nd,Ba)CuO3 extra layers without introduction of any screw dislocations. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Berlin |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000170844500002 |
Publication Date |
2004-11-24 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0031-8965;1521-396X; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
17 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:87587 |
Serial |
1398 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Yalcin, A.O.; Goris, B.; van Dijk-Moes, R.J.A.; Fan, Z.; Erdamar, A.K.; Tichelaar, F.D.; Vlugt, T.J.H.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Bals, S.; Vanmaekelbergh, D.; Zandbergen, H.W.; van Huis, M.A.; |
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Title |
Heat-induced transformation of CdSe-CdS-ZnS coremultishell quantum dots by Zn diffusion into inner layers |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Chemical communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Commun |
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Volume |
51 |
Issue |
51 |
Pages |
3320-3323 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
In this work, we investigate the thermal evolution of CdSeCdSZnS coremultishell quantum dots (QDs) in situ using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Starting at a temperature of approximately 250 °C, Zn diffusion into inner layers takes place together with simultaneous evaporation of particularly Cd and S. As a result of this transformation, CdxZn1−xSeCdyZn1−yS coreshell QDs are obtained. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
London |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000349325000004 |
Publication Date |
2014-11-21 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1359-7345;1364-548X; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.319 |
Times cited |
21 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
262348 Esmi; Fwo; 246791 Countatoms; 335078 Colouratom; ECAS_Sara; (ROMEO:yellow; preprint:; postprint:restricted ; pdfversion:cannot); |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.319; 2015 IF: 6.834 |
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Call Number |
c:irua:132582 |
Serial |
1412 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Van Hoorebeke, L.; Leroux, O.; Leroux, F.; Mastroberti, A.A.; Santos-Silva, F.; Van Loo, D.; Bagniewska-Zadworna, A.; Bals, S.; Popper, Z.A.; de Araujo Mariath, J.E. |
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Title |
Heterogeneity of silica and glycan-epitope distribution in epidermal idioblast cell walls in Adiantum raddianum laminae |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Planta |
Abbreviated Journal |
Planta |
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Volume |
237 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1453-1464 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Laminae of Adiantum raddianum Presl., a fern belonging to the family Pteridaceae, are characterised by the presence of epidermal fibre-like cells under the vascular bundles. These cells were thought to contain silica bodies, but their thickened walls leave no space for intracellular silica suggesting it may actually be deposited within their walls. Using advanced electron microscopy in conjunction with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis we showed the presence of silica in the cell walls of the fibre-like idioblasts. However, it was specifically localised to the outer layers of the periclinal wall facing the leaf surface, with the thick secondary wall being devoid of silica. Immunocytochemical experiments were performed to ascertain the respective localisation of silica deposition and glycan polymers. Epitopes characteristic for pectic homogalacturonan and the hemicelluloses xyloglucan and mannan were detected in most epidermal walls, including the silica-rich cell wall layers. The monoclonal antibody, LM6, raised against pectic arabinan, labelled the silica-rich primary wall of the epidermal fibre-like cells and the guard cell walls, which were also shown to contain silica. We hypothesise that the silicified outer wall layers of the epidermal fibre-like cells support the lamina during cell expansion prior to secondary wall formation. This implies that silicification does not impede cell elongation. Although our results suggest that pectic arabinan may be implicated in silica deposition, further detailed analyses are needed to confirm this. The combinatorial approach presented here, which allows correlative screening and in situ localisation of silicon and cell wall polysaccharide distribution, shows great potential for future studies. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000319474200004 |
Publication Date |
2013-02-21 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0032-0935;1432-2048; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.361 |
Times cited |
16 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
We are grateful to the Laboratorio de Anatomia Vegetal of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) and the Centro de Microscopia Eletronica (CME) of UFRGS. Thanks to Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) for the undergraduate degree grant provided (PIBIC) for the fourth author and research grant and support for the last one. The third author is grateful to Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) for providing financial support (PRODOC). We acknowledge Christiane de Queiroz Lopes and Moema Queiroz (CME) for the technical assistance. We are indebted to Paul Knox (Centre for Plant Sciences, University of Leeds, UK) for kindly providing the monoclonal antibodies used in this study. The Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders (FWO) is acknowledged for the doctoral grant to D. Van Loo (G.0100.08). |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.361; 2013 IF: 3.376 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:109641 |
Serial |
1419 |
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Permanent link to this record |