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	Author	Georgieva, V.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Plasma characteristics of an Ar/CF₄/N₂ discharge in an asymmetric dual frequency reactor: numerical investigation by a PIC/MC model			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2006	Publication	Plasma sources science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	Plasma Sources Sci T
	Volume	15	Issue		Pages	368-377
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Institute of Physics	Place of Publication	Bristol	Editor
	Language		Wos	000240655500010	Publication Date	2006-04-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0963-0252;1361-6595;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.302	Times cited	35	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.302; 2006 IF: 2.346
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:57550			Serial	2630
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	Author	Georgieva, V.; Berthelot, A.; Silva, T.; Kolev, S.; Graef, W.; Britun, N.; Chen, G.; van der Mullen, J.; Godfroid, T.; Mihailova, D.; van Dijk, J.; Snyders, R.; Bogaerts, A.; Delplancke-Ogletree, M.-P.
	Title	Understanding Microwave Surface-Wave Sustained Plasmas at Intermediate Pressure by 2D Modeling and Experiments: Understanding Microwave Surface-Wave Sustained Plasmas …			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	Plasma processes and polymers	Abbreviated Journal	Plasma Process Polym
	Volume	14	Issue	14	Pages	1600185
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	An Ar plasma sustained by a surfaguide wave launcher is investigated at intermediate pressure (200–2667 Pa). Two 2D self-consistent models (quasi-neutral and plasma bulk-sheath) are developed and benchmarked. The complete set of electromagnetic and fluid equations and the boundary conditions are presented. The transformation of fluid equations from a local reference frame, that is, moving with plasma or when the gas flow is zero, to a laboratory reference frame, that is, accounting for the gas flow, is discussed. The pressure range is extended down to 80 Pa by experimental measurements. The electron temperature decreases with pressure. The electron density depends linearly on power, and changes its behavior with pressure depending on the product of pressure and radial plasma size.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000403074000012	Publication Date	2016-11-17
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1612-8850	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.846	Times cited	8	Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes	Federaal Wetenschapsbeleid; European Marie Curie RAPID project; European Union's Seventh Framework Programme, 606889 ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.846
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @ c:irua:142807			Serial	4568
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	Author	Gao, M.; Zhang, Y.; Wang, H.; Guo, B.; Zhang, Q.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Mode Transition of Filaments in Packed-Bed Dielectric Barrier Discharges			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Catalysts	Abbreviated Journal	Catalysts
	Volume	8	Issue	6	Pages	248
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	We investigated the mode transition from volume to surface discharge in a packed bed dielectric barrier discharge reactor by a two-dimensional particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision method. The calculations are performed at atmospheric pressure for various driving voltages and for gas mixtures with different N2 and O2 compositions. Our results reveal that both a change of the driving voltage and gas mixture can induce mode transition. Upon increasing voltage, a mode transition from hybrid (volume+surface) discharge to pure surface discharge occurs, because the charged species can escape much more easily to the beads and charge the bead surface due to the strong electric field at high driving voltage. This significant surface charging will further enhance the tangential component of the electric field along the dielectric bead surface, yielding surface ionization waves (SIWs). The SIWs will give rise to a high concentration of reactive species on the surface, and thus possibly enhance the surface activity of the beads, which might be of interest for plasma catalysis. Indeed, electron impact excitation and ionization mainly take place near the bead surface. In addition, the propagation speed of SIWs becomes faster with increasing N2 content in the gas mixture, and slower with increasing O2 content, due to the loss of electrons by attachment to O2 molecules. Indeed, the negative O-2 ion density produced by electron impact attachment is much higher than the electron and positive O+2 ion density. The different ionization rates between N2 and O2 gases will create different amounts of electrons and ions on the dielectric bead surface, which might also have effects in plasma catalysis.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000436128600027	Publication Date	2018-06-15
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2073-4344	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.082	Times cited	7	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	The authors are very grateful to Wei Jiang for the useful discussions on the particle-incell/ Monte-Carlo collision model.			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.082
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:152171			Serial	4991
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	Author	Gamez, G.; Bogaerts, A.; Hieftje, G.M.
	Title	Temporal and spatially resolved laser-scattering plasma diagnostics for the characterization of a ms-pulsed glow discharge			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2006	Publication	Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal	J Anal Atom Spectrom
	Volume	21	Issue		Pages	350-359
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	000235990200015	Publication Date	2006-01-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0267-9477;1364-5544;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.379	Times cited	17	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.379; 2006 IF: 3.630
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:56539			Serial	3503
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	Author	Gamez, G.; Bogaerts, A.; Andrade, F.; Hieftje, G.M.
	Title	Fundamental studies on a planar-cathode direct current glow discharge: part 1: characterization via laser scattering techniques			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2004	Publication	Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy	Abbreviated Journal	Spectrochim Acta B
	Volume	59	Issue		Pages	435-447
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000221577100008	Publication Date	2004-03-13
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0584-8547;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.241	Times cited	24	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.241; 2004 IF: 3.086
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:44505			Serial	1310
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	Author	Fuchs, J.; Aghaei, M.; Schachel, T.D.; Sperling, M.; Bogaerts, A.; Karst, U.
	Title	Impact of the Particle Diameter on Ion Cloud Formation from Gold Nanoparticles in ICPMS			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Anal Chem
	Volume	90	Issue	17	Pages	10271-10278
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	The unique capabilities of microsecond dwell time (DT) single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICPMS) were utilized to characterize the cloud of ions generated from the introduction of suspensions of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) into the plasma. A set of narrowly distributed particles with diameters ranging from 15.4 to 100.1 nm was synthesized and characterized according to established protocols. Statistically significant numbers of the short transient spICPMS events were evaluated by using 50 μs DT for their summed intensity, maximum intensity, and duration, of which all three were found to depend on the particle diameter. The summed intensity increases from 10 to 1661 counts and the maximum intensity from 6 to 309 counts for AuNPs with diameters from 15.4 to 83.2 nm. The event duration rises from 322 to 1007 μs upon increasing AuNP diameter. These numbers represent a comprehensive set of key data points of the ion clouds generated in ICPMS from AuNPs. The extension of event duration is of high interest to appoint the maximum possible particle number concentration at which separation of consecutive events in spICPMS can still be achieved. Moreover, the combined evaluation of all above-mentioned ion cloud characteristics can explain the regularly observed prolonged single-particle events. The transport and ionization behavior of AuNPs in the ICP was also computationally modeled to gain insight into the size-dependent signal generation. The simulated data reveals that the plasma temperature, and therefore the point of ionization of the particles, is the same for all diameters. However, the maximum number density of Au+, as well as the extent of the ion cloud, depends on the particle diameter, in agreement with the experimental data, and it provides an adequate explanation for the observed ion cloud characteristics.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000444060600028	Publication Date	2018-09-04
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-2700	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.32	Times cited	5	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	We thank Dr. Harald Rösner from the Institute of Materials Physics of the University of Münster for the TEM imaging.			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.32
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:153651			Serial	5057
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	Author	Freund, E.; Spadola, C.; Schmidt, A.; Privat-Maldonado, A.; Bogaerts, A.; von Woedtke, T.; Weltmann, K.-D.; Heidecke, C.-D.; Partecke, L.-I.; Käding, A.; Bekeschus, S.
	Title	Risk Evaluation of EMT and Inflammation in Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer Cells Following Plasma Treatment			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Frontiers in physics	Abbreviated Journal	Front. Phys.
	Volume	8	Issue		Pages
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	The requirements for new technologies to serve as anticancer agents go far beyond their toxicity potential. Novel applications also need to be safe on a molecular and patient level. In a broader sense, this also relates to cancer metastasis and inflammation. In a previous study, the toxicity of an atmospheric pressure argon plasma jet in four human pancreatic cancer cell lines was confirmed and plasma treatment did not promote metastasis in vitro and in ovo. Here, these results are extended by additional types of analysis and new models to validate and define on a molecular level the changes related to metastatic processes in pancreatic cancer cells following plasma treatment in vitro and in ovo. In solid tumors that were grown on the chorion-allantois membrane of fertilized chicken eggs (TUM-CAM), plasma treatment induced modest to profound apoptosis in the tissues. This, however, was not associated with a change in the expression levels of adhesion molecules, as shown using immunofluorescence of ultrathin tissue sections. Culturing of the cells detached from these solid tumors for 6d revealed a similar or smaller total growth area and expression of ZEB1, a transcription factor associated with cancer metastasis, in the plasma-treated pancreatic cancer tissues. Analysis of in vitro and in ovo supernatants of 13 different cytokines and chemokines revealed cell line-specific effects of the plasma treatment but a noticeable increase of, e.g., growth-promoting interleukin 10 was not observed. Moreover, markers of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a metastasis-promoting cellular program, were investigated. Plasma-treated pancreatic cancer cells did not present an EMT-profile. Finally, a realistic 3D tumor spheroid co-culture model with pancreatic stellate cells was employed, and the invasive properties in a gel-like cellular matrix were investigated. Tumor outgrowth and spread was similar or decreased in the plasma conditions. Altogether, these results provide valuable insights into the effect of plasma treatment on metastasis-related properties of cancer cells and did not suggest EMT-promoting effects of this novel cancer therapy.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000581086900001	Publication Date	2020-10-09
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2296-424X	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.1	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	We thankfully acknowledge the technical support by Felix Niessner and Antje Janetzko. We also thank Jonas Van Audenaerde and Evelien Smits for generating the transduced cell lines used in this study.			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.1; 2020 IF: NA
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:172448			Serial	6425
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	Author	Eshtehardi, H.A.; Van ‘t Veer, K.; Delplancke, M.-P.; Reniers, F.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Postplasma Catalytic Model for NO Production: Revealing the Underlying Mechanisms to Improve the Process Efficiency			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	11	Issue	5	Pages	1720-1733
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Plasma catalysis is emerging for plasma-assisted gas conversion processes. However, the underlying mechanisms of plasma catalysis are poorly understood. In this work, we present a 1D heterogeneous catalysis model with axial dispersion (i.e., accounting for back-mixing and molecular diffusion of fluid elements in the process stream in the axial direction), for plasma-catalytic NO production from N2/O2 mixtures. We investigate the concentration and reaction rates of each species formed as a function of time and position across the catalyst, in order to determine the underlying mechanisms. To obtain insights into how the performance of the process can be further improved, we also study how changes in the postplasma gas flow composition entering the catalyst bed and in the operation conditions of the catalytic stage affect the performance of NO production.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000926412800001	Publication Date	2023-02-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2168-0485	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	8.4	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	This research was supported by the Excellence of Science FWO-FNRS project (FWO grant ID GoF9618n, EOS ID 30505023) and the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 810182 − SCOPE ERC Synergy project). The calculations were performed using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UAntwerpen), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UAntwerpen.			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.4; 2023 IF: 5.951
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:195377			Serial	7257
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	Author	Eshtehardi, H.A.; Van ‘t Veer, K.; Delplancke, M.-P.; Reniers, F.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Postplasma Catalytic Model for NO Production: Revealing the Underlying Mechanisms to Improve the Process Efficiency			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	11	Issue	5	Pages	1720-1733
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Plasma catalysis is emerging for plasma-assisted gas conversion processes. However, the underlying mechanisms of plasma catalysis are poorly understood. In this work, we present a 1D heterogeneous catalysis model with axial dispersion (i.e., accounting for back-mixing and molecular diffusion of fluid elements in the process stream in the axial direction), for plasma-catalytic NO production from N2/O2 mixtures. We investigate the concentration and reaction rates of each species formed as a function of time and position across the catalyst, in order to determine the underlying mechanisms. To obtain insights into how the performance of the process can be further improved, we also study how changes in the postplasma gas flow composition entering the catalyst bed and in the operation conditions of the catalytic stage affect the performance of NO production.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000926412800001	Publication Date	2023-02-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2168-0485	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	8.4	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, 30505023 GoF9618n ; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique – FNRS, 30505023 GoF9618n ; H2020 European Research Council, 810182 ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.4; 2023 IF: 5.951
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:195377			Serial	7258
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	Author	Eshtehardi, H.A.; van 't Veer, K.; Delplancke, M.-P.; Reniers, F.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Postplasma Catalytic Model for NO Production: Revealing the Underlying Mechanisms to Improve the Process Efficiency			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	11	Issue	5	Pages	1720-1733
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Plasma catalysis is emerging for plasma-assisted gas conversion processes. However, the underlying mechanisms of plasma catalysis are poorly understood. In this work, we present a 1D heterogeneous catalysis model with axial dispersion (i.e., accounting for back-mixing and molecular diffusion of fluid elements in the process stream in the axial direction), for plasma-catalytic NO production from N2/O2 mixtures. We investigate the concentration and reaction rates of each species formed as a function of time and position across the catalyst, in order to determine the underlying mechanisms. To obtain insights into how the performance of the process can be further improved, we also study how changes in the postplasma gas flow composition entering the catalyst bed and in the operation conditions of the catalytic stage affect the performance of NO production.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000926412800001	Publication Date	2023-02-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2168-0485	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	8.4	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, 30505023 GoF9618n ; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique FNRS, 30505023 GoF9618n ; H2020 European Research Council, 810182 ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.4; 2023 IF: 5.951
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:195377			Serial	7241
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	Author	Engelmann; Bogaerts, A.; Neyts, E.C.
	Title	Thermodynamics at the nanoscale: phase diagrams of nickel-carbon nanoclusters and equilibrium constants for phase transitions			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	Nanoscale	Abbreviated Journal	Nanoscale
	Volume	6	Issue	20	Pages	11981-11987
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Using reactive molecular dynamics simulations, the melting behavior of nickel-carbon nanoclusters is examined. The phase diagrams of icosahedral and Wulff polyhedron clusters are determined using both the Lindemann index and the potential energy. Formulae are derived for calculating the equilibrium constants and the solid and liquid fractions during a phase transition, allowing more rational determination of the melting temperature with respect to the arbitrary Lindemann value. These results give more insight into the properties of nickel-carbon nanoclusters in general and can specifically be very useful for a better understanding of the synthesis of carbon nanotubes using the catalytic chemical vapor deposition method.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Cambridge	Editor
	Language		Wos	000343000800049	Publication Date	2014-07-24
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2040-3364;2040-3372;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.367	Times cited	20	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 7.367; 2014 IF: 7.394
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:121106			Serial	3637
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	Author	Engelmann, Y.; van ’t Veer, K.; Gorbanev, Y.; Neyts, E.C.; Schneider, W.F.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Plasma Catalysis for Ammonia Synthesis: A Microkinetic Modeling Study on the Contributions of Eley–Rideal Reactions			Type	A1 Journal Article;Plasma catalysis
	Year	2021	Publication	Acs Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering	Abbreviated Journal	Acs Sustain Chem Eng
	Volume	9	Issue	39	Pages	13151-13163
	Keywords	A1 Journal Article;Plasma catalysis; Eley−Rideal reactions; Volcano plots; Vibrational excitation; Radical reactions; Dielectric barrier discharge; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
	Abstract	Plasma catalysis is an emerging new technology for the electriﬁcation and downscaling of NH3 synthesis. Increasing attention is being paid to the optimization of plasma catalysis with respect to the plasma conditions, the catalyst material, and their mutual interaction. In this work we use microkinetic models to study how the total conversion process is impacted by the combination of diﬀerent plasma conditions and transition metal catalysts. We study how plasma-generated radicals and vibrationally excited N2 (present in a dielectric barrier discharge plasma) interact with the catalyst and impact the NH3 turnover frequencies (TOFs). Both ﬁlamentary and uniform plasmas are studied, based on plasma chemistry models that provided plasma phase speciation and vibrational distribution functions. The Langmuir−Hinshelwood reaction rate coeﬃcients (i.e., adsorption reactions and subsequent reactions among adsorbates) are determined using conventional scaling relations. An additional set of Eley−Rideal reactions (i.e., direct reactions of plasma radicals with adsorbates) was added and a sensitivity analysis on the assumed reaction rate coeﬃcients was performed. We ﬁrst show the impact of diﬀerent vibrational distribution functions on the catalytic dissociation of N2 and subsequent production of NH3, and we gradually include more radical reactions, to illustrate the contribution of these species and their corresponding reaction pathways. Analysis over a large range of catalysts indicates that diﬀerent transition metals (metals such as Rh, Ni, Pt, and Pd) optimize the NH3TOFs depending on the population of the vibrational levels of N2. At higher concentrations of plasma-generated radicals, the NH3 TOFs become less dependent on the catalyst material, due to radical adsorptions on the more noble catalysts and Eley−Rideal reactions on the less noble catalysts.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000705367800004	Publication Date	2021-10-04
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2168-0485	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	5.951	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	Basic Energy Sciences, DE-SC0021107 ; Vlaamse regering, HBC.2019.0108 ; H2020 European Research Council, 810182 ; Methusalem project – University of Antwerp; Excellence of science FWO-FNRS, GoF9618n ; TOP-BOF – University of Antwerp; DOCPRO3 – University of Antwerp; We acknowledge the ﬁnancial support from the DOC-PRO3, the TOP-BOF, and the Methusalem project of the University of Antwerp, as well as from the European Research Council (ERC) (grant agreement No, 810182−SCOPE ERC Synergy project), under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, the Flemish Government through the Moonshot cSBO project P2C (HBC.2019.0108), and the Excellence of Science FWO-FNRS project (FWO grant ID GoF9618n, EOS ID 30505023). Calculations were carried out using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen, a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (Department EWI), 13162			Approved	Most recent IF: 5.951
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:182482			Serial	6811
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	Author	Engelmann, Y.; Mehta, P.; Neyts, E.C.; Schneider, W.F.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Predicted Influence of Plasma Activation on Nonoxidative Coupling of Methane on Transition Metal Catalysts			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Acs Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering	Abbreviated Journal	Acs Sustain Chem Eng
	Volume	8	Issue	15	Pages	6043-6054
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Movement Antwerp (MOVANT)
	Abstract	The combination of catalysis and nonthermal plasma holds promise for enabling difficult chemical conversions. The possible synergy between both depends strongly on the nature of the reactive plasma species and the catalyst material. In this paper, we show how vibrationally excited species and plasma-generated radicals interact with transition metal catalysts and how changing the catalyst material can improve the conversion rates and product selectivity. We developed a microkinetic model to investigate the impact of vibrational excitations and plasma-generated radicals on the nonoxidative coupling of methane over transition metal surfaces. We predict a significant increase in ethylene formation for vibrationally excited methane. Plasma-generated radicals have a stronger impact on the turnover frequencies with high selectivity toward ethylene on noble catalysts and mixed selectivity on non-noble catalysts. In general, we show how the optimal catalyst material depends on the desired products as well as the plasma conditions.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000526884000025	Publication Date	2020-04-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2168-0485	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.4	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	Herculesstichting; University of Notre Dame; Universiteit Antwerpen; Division of Engineering Education and Centers, EEC-1647722 ; We would like to thank Tom Butterworth for his work on methane vibrational distribution functions (VDF) and for sharing his thoughts and experiences on this matter, specifically regarding the VDF of the degenerate modes of methane. We ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering pubs.acs.org/journal/ascecg Research Article https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c00906 ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 2020, 8, 6043−6054 6052 also acknowledge financial support from the DOC-PRO3 and the TOP-BOF projects of the University of Antwerp. This work was carried out in part using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen, a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (Department EWI), and the University of Antwerp. Support for W.F.S. was provided by the National Science Foundation under cooperative agreement no. EEC-1647722, an Engineering Research Center for the Innovative and Strategic Transformation of Alkane Resources (CISTAR). P.M. acknowledges support through the Eilers Graduate Fellowship of the University of Notre Dame.			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.4; 2020 IF: 5.951
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:169228			Serial	6366
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	Author	Engelmann, Y.; Bogaerts, A.; Neyts, E.C.
	Title	Thermodynamics at the nanoscale : phase diagrams of nickel-carbon nanoclusters and equilibrium constants for face transitions			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	Nanoscale	Abbreviated Journal	Nanoscale
	Volume	6	Issue		Pages	11981-11987
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; PLASMANT
	Abstract	Using reactive molecular dynamics simulations, the melting behavior of nickelcarbon nanoclusters is examined. The phase diagrams of icosahedral and Wulff polyhedron clusters are determined using both the Lindemann index and the potential energy. Formulae are derived for calculating the equilibrium constants and the solid and liquid fractions during a phase transition, allowing more rational determination of the melting temperature with respect to the arbitrary Lindemann value. These results give more insight into the properties of nickelcarbon nanoclusters in general and can specifically be very useful for a better understanding of the synthesis of carbon nanotubes using the catalytic chemical vapor deposition method.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Cambridge	Editor
	Language		Wos	000343000800049	Publication Date	2014-07-24
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2040-3364;2040-3372;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.367	Times cited	20	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 7.367; 2014 IF: 7.394
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:119408			Serial	3636
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	Author	Elmonov, A.A.; Yusupov, M.S.; Dzhurakhalov, A.A.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Sputtering of Si(001) and SiC(001) by grazing ion bombardment			Type	P1 Proceeding
	Year	2008	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	209-213
	Keywords	P1 Proceeding; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	The peculiarities of sputtering processes at 0.5-5 keV Ne grazing ion bombardment of Si(001) and SiC(001) surfaces and their possible application for the surface modification have been studied by computer simulation. Sputtering yields in the primary knock-on recoil atoms regime versus the initial energy of incident ions (E(0) = 0.5-5 keV) and angle of incidence (psi = 0-30 degrees) counted from a target surface have been calculated. Comparative studies of layer-by-layer sputtering for Si(001) and SiC(001) surfaces versus the initial energy of incident ions as well as an effective sputtering and sputtering threshold are discussed.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue	84	Edition
	ISSN	978-86-80019-27-7	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record;
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:95704			Serial	3112
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	Author	Eckert, M.; Neyts, E.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Differences between ultrananocrystalline and nanocrystalline diamond growth: theoretical investigation of C_xH_y species at diamond step edges			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2010	Publication	Crystal growth & design	Abbreviated Journal	Cryst Growth Des
	Volume	10	Issue	9	Pages	4123-4134
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	The behavior of hydrocarbon species at step edges of diamond terraces is investigated by means of combined molecular dynamics−Metropolis Monte Carlo simulations. The results show that the formation of ballas-like diamond films (like UNCD) and well-faceted diamond films (like NCD) can be related to the gas phase concentrations of CxHy in a new manner: Species that have high concentrations above the growing UNCD films suppress the extension of step edges through defect formation. The species that are present above the growing NCD film, however, enhance the extension of diamond terraces, which is believed to result in well-faceted diamond films. Furthermore, it is shown that, during UNCD growth, CxHy species with x ≥ 2 play an important role, in contrast to the currently adopted CVD diamond growth mechanism. Finally, the probabilities for the extension of the diamond (100) terrace are much higher than those for the diamond (111) terrace, which is in full agreement with the experimental observation that diamond (100) facets are more favored than diamond (111) facets during CVD diamond growth.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000281353900042	Publication Date	2010-08-16
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1528-7483;1528-7505;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	4.055	Times cited	11	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 4.055; 2010 IF: 4.390
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:83696			Serial	694
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	Author	Eckert, M.; Neyts, E.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Insights into the growth of (ultra)nanocrystalline diamond by combined molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2010	Publication	Crystal growth & design	Abbreviated Journal	Cryst Growth Des
	Volume	10	Issue	7	Pages	3005-3021
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	In this paper, we present the results of combined molecular dynamics−Metropolis Monte Carlo (MD-MMC) simulations of hydrocarbon species at flat diamond (100)2 × 1 and (111)1 × 1 surfaces. The investigated species are considered to be the most important growth species for (ultra)nanocrystalline diamond ((U)NCD) growth. When applying the MMC algorithm to stuck species at monoradical sites, bonding changes are only seen for CH2. The sequence of the bond breaking and formation as put forward by the MMC simulations mimics the insertion of CH2 into a surface dimer as proposed in the standard growth model of diamond. For hydrocarbon species attached to two adjacent radical (biradical) sites, the MMC simulations give rise to significant changes in the bonding structure. For UNCD, the combinations of C3 and C3H2, and C3 and C4H2 (at diamond (100)2 × 1) and C and C2H2 (at diamond (111)1 × 1) are the most successful in nucleating new crystal layers. For NCD, the following combinations pursue the diamond structure the best: C2H2 and C3H2 (at diamond (100)2 × 1) and CH2 and C2H2 (at diamond (111)1 × 1). The different behaviors of the hydrocarbon species at the two diamond surfaces are related to the different sterical hindrances at the diamond surfaces.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000279422700032	Publication Date	2010-05-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1528-7483;1528-7505;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	4.055	Times cited	13	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 4.055; 2010 IF: 4.390
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:83065			Serial	1675
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	Author	Eckert, M.; Neyts, E.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Modeling adatom surface processes during crystal growth: a new implementation of the Metropolis Monte Carlo algorithm			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	CrystEngComm	Abbreviated Journal	Crystengcomm
	Volume	11	Issue	8	Pages	1597-1608
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	In this paper, a new implementation of the Metropolis Monte Carlo (MMC) algorithm is presented. When combining the MMC model with a molecular dynamics (MD) code, crystal growth by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition can be simulated. As the MD part simulates impacts of growth species onto the surface on a time scale of picoseconds, the MMC algorithm simulates the slower adatom surface processes. The implementation includes a criterion for the selection of atoms that are allowed to be displaced during the simulation, and a criterion of after how many MMC cycles the simulation is stopped. We performed combined MD-MMC simulations for hydrocarbon species that are important for the growth of ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) films at partially hydrogenated diamond surfaces, since this implementation is part of a study of the growth mechanisms of (ultra)nanocrystalline diamond films. Exemplary for adatom arrangements during the growth of UNCD, the adatom surface behavior of C and C2H2 at diamond (111)1 × 1, C and C4H2 at diamond (111)1 × 1 and C3 at diamond (100)2 × 1 has been investigated. For all cases, the diamond crystal structure is pursued under the influence of MMC simulation. Additional longer time-scale MD simulations put forward very similar structures, verifying the MMC algorithm. Nevertheless, the MMC simulation time is typically one order of magnitude shorter than the MD simulation time.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000268184300021	Publication Date	2009-04-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1466-8033;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.474	Times cited	15	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.474; 2009 IF: 4.183
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:77374			Serial	2106
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	Author	Eckert, M.; Neyts, E.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Molecular dynamics simulations of the sticking and etch behavior of various growth species of (ultra)nanocrystalline diamond films			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2008	Publication	Chemical vapor deposition	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Vapor Depos
	Volume	14	Issue	7/8	Pages	213-223
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	The reaction behavior of species that may affect the growth of ultrananocrystal line and nanocrystalline diamond ((U)NCD) films is investigated by means of molecular dynamics simulations. Impacts of CHx (x = 0 – 4), C2Hx (x=0-6), C3Hx (x=0-2), C4Hx (x = 0 – 2), H, and H-2 on clean and hydrogenated diamond (100)2 x 1 and (111) 1 x 1 surfaces at two different substrate temperatures are simulated. We find that the different bonding structures of the two surfaces cause different temperature effects on the sticking efficiency. These results predict a temperature-dependent ratio of diamond (100) and (111) growth. Furthermore, predictions of which are the most important hydrocarbon species for (U)NCD growth are made.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Weinheim	Editor
	Language		Wos	000259302700008	Publication Date	2008-08-18
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0948-1907;1521-3862;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.333	Times cited	25	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.333; 2008 IF: 1.483
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:70001			Serial	2177
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	Author	Eckert, M.; Neyts, E.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	On the reaction behaviour of hydrocarbon species at diamond (1 0 0) and (1 1 1) surfaces: a molecular dynamics investigation			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2008	Publication	Journal of physics: D: applied physics	Abbreviated Journal	J Phys D Appl Phys
	Volume	41	Issue		Pages	032006,1-3
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	000253177800006	Publication Date	2008-01-09
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-3727;1361-6463;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.588	Times cited	17	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.588; 2008 IF: 2.104
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:66107			Serial	2449
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	Author	Eckert, M.; Mortet, V.; Zhang, L.; Neyts, E.; Verbeeck, J.; Haenen, ken; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Theoretical investigation of grain size tuning during prolonged bias-enhanced nucleation			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Chemistry of materials	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Mater
	Volume	23	Issue	6	Pages	1414-1423
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	In this paper, the effects of prolonged bias-enhanced nucleation (prolonged BEN) on the growth mechanisms of diamond are investigated by molecular dynamics (MD) and combined MD-Metropolis Monte Carlo (MD-MMC) simulations. First, cumulative impacts of CxHy+ and Hx+ on an a-C:H/nanodiamond composite were simulated; second, nonconsecutive impacts of the dominant ions were simulated in order to understand the observed phenomena in more detail. As stated in the existing literature, the growth of diamond structures during prolonged BEN is a process that takes place below the surface of the growing film. The investigation of the penetration behavior of CxHy+ and Hx+ species shows that the carbon-containing ions remain trapped within this amorphous phase where they dominate mechanisms like precipitation of sp3 carbon clusters. The H+ ions, however, penetrate into the crystalline phase at high bias voltages (>100 V), destroying the perfect diamond structure. The experimentally measured reduction of grain sizes at high bias voltage, reported in the literature, might thus be related to penetrating H+ ions. Furthermore, the CxHy+ ions are found to be the most efficient sputtering agents, preventing the build up of defective material.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Washington, D.C.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000288291400011	Publication Date	2011-02-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0897-4756;1520-5002;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	9.466	Times cited	9	Open Access
	Notes	Iwt; Fwo; Esteem 026019; Iap			Approved	Most recent IF: 9.466; 2011 IF: 7.286
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:87642			Serial	3605
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	Author	Dufour, T.; Minnebo, J.; Abou Rich, S.; Neyts, E.C.; Bogaerts, A.; Reniers, F.
	Title	Understanding polyethylene surface functionalization by an atmospheric He/O₂ plasma through combined experiments and simulations			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	Journal of physics: D: applied physics	Abbreviated Journal	J Phys D Appl Phys
	Volume	47	Issue	22	Pages	224007
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	High density polyethylene surfaces were exposed to the atmospheric post-discharge of a radiofrequency plasma torch supplied in helium and oxygen. Dynamic water contact angle measurements were performed to evaluate changes in surface hydrophilicity and angle resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was carried out to identify the functional groups responsible for wettability changes and to study their subsurface depth profiles, up to 9 nm in depth. The reactions leading to the formation of CO, C = O and OC = O groups were simulated by molecular dynamics. These simulations demonstrate that impinging oxygen atoms do not react immediately upon impact but rather remain at or close to the surface before eventually reacting. The simulations also explain the release of gaseous species in the ambient environment as well as the ejection of low molecular weight oxidized materials from the surface.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	000336207900008	Publication Date	2014-05-14
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-3727;1361-6463;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.588	Times cited	13	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.588; 2014 IF: 2.721
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:116919			Serial	3804
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	Author	Duan, J.; Ma, M.; Yusupov, M.; Cordeiro, R.M.; Lu, X.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	The penetration of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species across the stratum corneum			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Plasma Processes And Polymers	Abbreviated Journal	Plasma Process Polym
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	The penetration of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) across the stratum corneum (SC) is a necessary and crucial process in many skin‐related plasma medical applications. To gain more insights into this penetration behavior, we combined experimental measurements of the permeability of dry and moist SC layers with computer simulations of model lipid membranes. We measured the permeation of relatively stable molecules, which are typically generated by plasma, namely H2O2, NO3−, and NO2−. Furthermore, we calculated the permeation free energy profiles of the major plasma‐generated RONS and their derivatives (i.e., H2O2, OH, HO2, O2, O3, NO, NO2, N2O4, HNO2, HNO3, NO2−, and NO3−) across native and oxidized SC lipid bilayers, to understand the mechanisms of RONS permeation across the SC. Our results indicate that hydrophobic RONS (i.e., NO, NO2, O2, O3, and N2O4) can translocate more easily across the SC lipid bilayer than hydrophilic RONS (i.e., H2O2, OH, HO2, HNO2, and HNO3) and ions (i.e., NO2− and NO3−) that experience much higher permeation barriers. The permeability of RONS through the SC skin lipids is enhanced when the skin is moist and the lipids are oxidized. These findings may help to understand the underlying mechanisms of plasma interaction with a biomaterial and to optimize the environmental parameters in practice in plasma medical applications.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000536892900001	Publication Date	2020-06-02
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1612-8850	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.5	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	National Natural Science Foundation of China, 51625701 51977096 ; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, 1200219N ; China Scholarship Council, 201806160128 ; M. Y. acknowledges the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) for financial support (Grant No. 1200219N). This study was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No: 51625701 and 51977096) and the China Scholarship Council (Grant No: 201806160128). All computational work was performed using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA Core Facility of the University of Antwerp (UA), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI), and the UA.			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.5; 2020 IF: 2.846
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:169709			Serial	6372
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	Author	Dinh, D.K.; Trenchev, G.; Lee, D.H.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Arc plasma reactor modification for enhancing performance of dry reforming of methane			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Journal Of Co2 Utilization	Abbreviated Journal	J Co2 Util
	Volume	42	Issue		Pages	101352
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Arc plasma technology is gaining increasing interest for a variety of chemical reaction applications. In this study, we demonstrate how modifying the reactor geometry can significantly enhance the chemical reaction performance. Using dry reforming of methane as a model reaction, we studied different rotating arc reactors (conventional rotating arc reactor and nozzle-type rotating arc reactor) to evaluate the effect of attaching a downstream nozzle. The nozzle structure focuses the heat to a confined reaction volume, resulting in enhanced heat transfer from the arc into gas activation and reduced heat losses to the reactor walls. Compared to the conventional rotating arc reactor, this yields much higher CH4 and CO2 conversion (i.e., 74% and 49%, respectively, versus 40% and 28% in the conventional reactor, at 5 kJ/L) as well as energy efficiency (i.e., 53% versus 36%). The different performance in both reactors was explained by both experiments (measurements of temperature and oscillogram of current and voltage) and numerical modelling of the gas flow dynamics, heat transfer and fluid plasma of the reactor chambers. The results provide important insights for design optimization of arc plasma reactors for various chemical reactions.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000599717000009	Publication Date	2020-11-05
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2212-9820	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.7	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, NK225F and NG0340) ; This work is supported by the Institutional research program (NK225F and NG0340) of the Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials.			Approved	Most recent IF: 7.7; 2020 IF: 4.292
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:173859			Serial	6431
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	Author	Derzsi, A.; Donko, Z.; Bogaerts, A.; Hoffmann, V.
	Title	The influence of the secondary electron emission coefficient and effect of the gas heating on the calculated electrical characteristics of a grimm type glow discharge cell			Type	P1 Proceeding
	Year	2008	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	285-288
	Keywords	P1 Proceeding; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Electron emission properties of cathode surfaces affect considerably the electrical characteristics of glow discharges. Using a heavy-particle hybrid model ill 2 dimensions, we investigate the influence of the secondary electron emission coefficient gamma oil the calculated discharge characteristics for both 'clean' and 'dirty' cathode surface conditions, and assuming a constant gamma parameter as well. The effect of the gas heating and the role of the heavy particles reflected from the cathode on this process is also studied.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Astronomical Observatory	Place of Publication	Belgrade	Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume	2008	Series Issue	84	Edition
	ISSN	978-86-80019-27-7; 0373-3742	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:95705			Serial	1650
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	Author	Depla, D.; Li, X.Y.; Mahieu, S.; van Aeken, K.; Leroy, W.P.; Haemers, J.; de Gryse, R.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Rotating cylindrical magnetron sputtering: simulation of the reactive process			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2010	Publication	Journal of applied physics	Abbreviated Journal	J Appl Phys
	Volume	107	Issue	11	Pages	113307,1-113307,9
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	A rotating cylindrical magnetron consists of a cylindrical tube, functioning as the cathode, which rotates around a stationary magnet assembly. In stationary mode, the cylindrical magnetron behaves similar to a planar magnetron with respect to the influence of reactive gas addition to the plasma. However, the transition from metallic mode to poisoned mode and vice versa depends on the rotation speed. An existing model has been modified to simulate the influence of target rotation on the well known hysteresis behavior during reactive magnetron sputtering. The model shows that the existing poisoning mechanisms, i.e., chemisorption, direct reactive ion implantation and knock on implantation, are insufficient to describe the poisoning behavior of the rotating target. A better description of the process is only possible by including the deposition of sputtered material on the target.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Institute of Physics	Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000278907100020	Publication Date	2010-06-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0021-8979;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.068	Times cited	15	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.068; 2010 IF: 2.079
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:82631			Serial	2930
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	Author	Depla, D.; Chen, Z.Y.; Bogaerts, A.; Ignatova, V.; de Gryse, R.; Gijbels, R.
	Title	Modeling of the target surface modification by reactive ion implantation during magnetron sputtering			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2004	Publication	Journal of vacuum science and technology: A: vacuum surfaces and films	Abbreviated Journal	J Vac Sci Technol A
	Volume	22	Issue	4	Pages	1524-1529
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000223322000075	Publication Date	2004-07-27
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0734-2101;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.374	Times cited	13	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.374; 2004 IF: 1.557
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:47331			Serial	2137
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	Author	Deben, C.; Cardenas De La Hoz, E.; Le Compte, M.; Van Schil, P.; Hendriks, J.M.H.; Lauwers, P.; Yogeswaran, S.K.; Lardon, F.; Pauwels, P.; van Laere, S.; Bogaerts, A.; Smits, E.; Vanlanduit, S.; Lin, A.
	Title	OrBITS : label-free and time-lapse monitoring of patient derived organoids for advanced drug screening			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Cellular Oncology (2211-3428)	Abbreviated Journal	Cell Oncol
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1-16
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTARC); Center for Oncological Research (CORE)
	Abstract	Background Patient-derived organoids are invaluable for fundamental and translational cancer research and holds great promise for personalized medicine. However, the shortage of available analysis methods, which are often single-time point, severely impede the potential and routine use of organoids for basic research, clinical practise, and pharmaceutical and industrial applications. Methods Here, we developed a high-throughput compatible and automated live-cell image analysis software that allows for kinetic monitoring of organoids, named Organoid Brightfield Identification-based Therapy Screening (OrBITS), by combining computer vision with a convolutional network machine learning approach. The OrBITS deep learning analysis approach was validated against current standard assays for kinetic imaging and automated analysis of organoids. A drug screen of standard-of-care lung and pancreatic cancer treatments was also performed with the OrBITS platform and compared to the gold standard, CellTiter-Glo 3D assay. Finally, the optimal parameters and drug response metrics were identified to improve patient stratification. Results OrBITS allowed for the detection and tracking of organoids in routine extracellular matrix domes, advanced Gri3D (R)-96 well plates, and high-throughput 384-well microplates, solely based on brightfield imaging. The obtained organoid Count, Mean Area, and Total Area had a strong correlation with the nuclear staining, Hoechst, following pairwise comparison over a broad range of sizes. By incorporating a fluorescent cell death marker, infra-well normalization for organoid death could be achieved, which was tested with a 10-point titration of cisplatin and validated against the current gold standard ATP-assay, CellTiter-Glo 3D. Using this approach with OrBITS, screening of chemotherapeutics and targeted therapies revealed further insight into the mechanistic action of the drugs, a feature not achievable with the CellTiter-Glo 3D assay. Finally, we advise the use of the growth rate-based normalised drug response metric to improve accuracy and consistency of organoid drug response quantification. Conclusion Our findings validate that OrBITS, as a scalable, automated live-cell image analysis software, would facilitate the use of patient-derived organoids for drug development and therapy screening. The developed wet-lab workflow and software also has broad application potential, from providing a launching point for further brightfield-based assay development to be used for fundamental research, to guiding clinical decisions for personalized medicine.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000898426100001	Publication Date	2022-12-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2211-3428; 2211-3436	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.6	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 6.6
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:192698			Serial	7272
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	Author	De Meyer, R.; Gorbanev, Y.; Ciocarlan, R.-G.; Cool, P.; Bals, S.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Importance of plasma discharge characteristics in plasma catalysis: Dry reforming of methane vs. ammonia synthesis			Type	A1 Journal Article
	Year	2024	Publication	Chemical Engineering Journal	Abbreviated Journal	Chemical Engineering Journal
	Volume	488	Issue		Pages	150838
	Keywords	A1 Journal Article; Gas conversion Dry reforming of methane Ammonia Microdischarges Dielectric barrier discharge; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
	Abstract	Plasma catalysis is a rapidly growing field, often employing a packed-bed dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor. Such dielectric barrier discharges are complex, especially when a packing material (e.g., a catalyst) is introduced in the discharge volume. Catalysts are known to affect the plasma discharge, though the underlying mechanisms influencing the plasma physics are not fully understood. Moreover, the effect of the catalysts on the plasma discharge and its subsequent effect on the overall performance is often overlooked. In this work, we deliberately design and synthesize catalysts to affect the plasma discharge in different ways. These Ni or Co alumina-based catalysts are used in plasma-catalytic dry reforming of methane and ammonia synthesis. Our work shows that introducing a metal to the dielectric packing can affect the plasma discharge, and that the distribution of the metal is crucial in this regard. Further, the altered discharge can greatly influence the overall performance. In an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge reactor, this apparently more uniform plasma yields a significantly better performance for ammonia synthesis compared to the more conventional filamentary discharge, while it underperforms in dry reforming of methane. This study stresses the importance of analyzing the plasma discharge in plasma catalysis experiments. We hope this work encourages a more critical view on the plasma discharge characteristics when studying various catalysts in a plasma reactor.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2024-03-30
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1385-8947	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor	15.1	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	This research was supported through long-term structural funding (Methusalem FFB15001C) and by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme with grant agreement No 810182 (SCOPE ERC Synergy project) and with grant agreement No 815128 (REALNANO). We acknowledge the practical contribution of Senne Van Doorslaer.			Approved	Most recent IF: 15.1; 2024 IF: 6.216
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:205154			Serial	9115
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	Author	De Luca, F.; Abate, S.; Bogaerts, A.; Centi, G.
	Title	Electrified CO2 conversion : integrating experimental, computational, and process simulation methods for sustainable chemical synthesis			Type	Doctoral thesis
	Year	2024	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	xv, 152 p.
	Keywords	Doctoral thesis; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Nowadays, the burning of fossil fuels, particularly petroleum, natural gas, and coal, meets the rising need for power and fuels for automobiles and industries. This has given rise to ecological and climate challenges. This thesis explores these issues from three distinct perspectives: (i) experimental, (ii) computational, and (iii) process simulation, with a focus on studying CO2 as an alternative and economically viable raw material. Firstly, the experimental study is focused on the synthesis, characterization, and testing of novel catalysts for electroreduction of CO2 and oxalic acid, an intermediate product of CO2. Electrocatalysts based on Cu supported by citrus (orange and lemon) peel biomass are prepared. These catalysts exhibit activity in the electrochemical reduction of CO2, emphasizing the effectiveness of biomasses, particularly orange peels, as environmentally friendly precursors for sustainable and efficient electrocatalysts. In addition, graphitic carbon nitrides/TiO2 nanotubes (g-C3N4/TiNT) composites are prepared for the electrocatalytic reduction of oxalic acid to glycolic acid, revealing superior electrocatalytic properties compared to pristine TiNT. Characterization by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electronic microscopy were performed for all the prepared electrocatalysts. Delving into the reduction of CO2 on Cu catalysts, a computational study about the synthesis of methanol on Cu(111) surface is performed by using the Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package. A systematic study is carried out to define the activation energies of the elementary reactions by using mGGA DF. Consequently, it is shown that the rate-controlling step is CH3O* hydrogenation and the formate pathway on Cu(111) proceeds through the HCOOH* intermediate. Finally, the process simulation, performed by using the software Aspen Plus 11 from AspenTech Inc., is based on the comparison of a catalytic (oxidation of ethylene glycol) and an electrocatalytic process (CO2 electroreduction chain) to synthesize glycolic acid. An economic analysis of the operational and investment costs reveals that the catalytic process is more cost-effective due to the current instability of electrocatalysts and proton exchange membranes, resulting in increased maintenance costs and, consequently, higher prices for the product.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:205262			Serial	9147
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