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	Author	Gong, X.; Marmy, P.; Volodin, A.; Amin-Ahmadi, B.; Qin, L.; Schryvers, D.; Gavrilov, S.; Stergar, E.; Verlinden, B.; Wevers, M.; Seefeldt, M.
	Title	Multiscale investigation of quasi-brittle fracture characteristics in a 9Cr–1Mo ferritic–martensitic steel embrittled by liquid lead–bismuth under low cycle fatigue			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Corrosion science	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	102	Issue	102	Pages	137-152
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Liquid metal embrittlement (LME) induced quasi-brittle fracture characteristics of a 9Cr–1Mo ferritic–martensitic steel (T91) after fatigue cracking in lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE) have been investigated at various length scales. The results show that the LME fracture morphology is primarily characterized by quasi-brittle translath flat regions partially covered by nanodimples, shallow secondary cracks propagating along the martensitic lath boundaries as well as tear ridges covered by micro dimples. These diverse LME fracture features likely indicate a LME mechanism involving multiple physical processes, such as weakening induced interatomic decohesion at the crack tip and plastic shearing induced nano/micro voiding in the plastic zone.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000367275700014	Publication Date	2015-10-22
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0010938X	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited	16	Open Access
	Notes	The work is financially supported by the MYRRHA project,SCK•CEN, Belgium and partly funded by the European AtomicEnergy Community’s (Euratom) Seventh Framework ProgrammeFP7/2007-2013 under grant agreement No. 604862 (MatISSEproject) and in the framework of the EERA (European EnergyResearch Alliance) Joint Programme on Nuclear Materials. Dr. TomVan der Donck (KU Leuven) is acknowledged for the EBSD mea-surements. The authors are grateful to Dr. Van Renterghem Wouter(SCK•CEN) for fruitful discussion of the TEM results. Xing Gongsincerely acknowledges valuable suggestions from Dr. S.P. Lynch(Defence Science and Technology Organisation and Monash Uni-versity, Melbourne, Australia).			Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	c:irua:129997			Serial	4013
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	Author	Zhao, L.; Ding, L.; Soete, J.; Idrissi, H.; Kerckhofs, G.; Simar, A.
	Title	Fostering crack deviation via local internal stresses in Al/NiTi composites and its correlation with fracture toughness			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Composites: part A: applied science and manufacturing	Abbreviated Journal	Compos Part A-Appl S
	Volume	126	Issue	126	Pages	105617
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	In the framework of metal matrix composites, a research gap exists regarding tailoring damage mechanisms. The present work aims at developing an Al/NiTi composite incorporating internal stresses in the vicinity of reinforcements. The composite is manufactured by friction stir processing which allows a homogenous NiTi distribution and a good Al/NiTi interface bonding. The internal stresses are introduced via shape memory effect of the embedded NiTi particles. The induced internal strain field is confirmed by digital image correlation and the corresponding stress field is evaluated by finite element simulation. It is found that the damage mechanism is modified in the presence of internal stresses. The consequent enhancement of fracture toughness arises by the fact that the internal stresses foster discrete damages shifted from the fracture ligament line. These damages release the stress concentration at the main crack tip and lead to a deviated crack path when coalescing to accommodate fracture propagation.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000489350600025	Publication Date	2019-09-05
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1359-835x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	4.075	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	; This research work has been exclusively supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement no 716678). The X-ray computed,tomography facilities of the Department of Materials Engineering of the KU Leuven are financed by the Hercules Foundation. H. Idrissi is mandated by the Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research (FSR-FNRS). The authors acknowledge Professor F. Delannay from UCLouvain for fruitful discussions. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 4.075
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:163706			Serial	5387
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	Author	Fukuhara, S.; Bal, K.M.; Neyts, E.C.; Shibuta, Y.
	Title	Accelerated molecular dynamics simulation of large systems with parallel collective variable-driven hyperdynamics			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Computational Materials Science	Abbreviated Journal	Comp Mater Sci
	Volume	177	Issue		Pages	109581
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	The limitation in time and length scale is a major issue of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Although several methods have been developed to extend the MD time scale, their performance usually deteriorates with increasing system size. Therefore, an acceleration method which is applicable to large systems is required to bridge the gap between the MD simulations and target phenomena. In this study, an accelerated MD method for large system is developed based on the collective variable-driven hyperdynamics (CVHD) method [K.M. Bal and E.C. Neyts, 2015]. The key idea is to run CVHD in parallel with rate control and accelerate multiple possible events simultaneously. Using this novel method, carbon diﬀusion in bcc-iron bicrystal with grain boundary is examined as an application for practical materials. Carbon atoms reaching at the grain boundary are trapped whereas carbon atoms in the bulk region diﬀuse randomly, and both dynamic regimes can be simultaneously accelerated with the parallel CVHD technique.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000519576300001	Publication Date	2020-02-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0927-0256	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.3	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	JSPS, J22727 ; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; This work was supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientiﬁc Research (B) (No.19H02415) and Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Research Fellow (No.18J22727) from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Japan. S.F. was supported by JSPS through the Program for Leading Graduate Schools (MERIT). Data availability The data required to reproduce these ﬁndings are available from the corresponding authors upon reasonable request.			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.3; 2020 IF: 2.292
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:166773			Serial	6333
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	Author	Huygh, S.; Bogaerts, A.; van Duin, A.C.T.; Neyts, E.C.
	Title	Development of a ReaxFF reactive force field for intrinsic point defects in titanium dioxide			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	Computational materials science	Abbreviated Journal	Comp Mater Sci
	Volume	95	Issue		Pages	579-591
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	A reactive ReaxFF force field is developed for studying the influence of intrinsic point defects on the chemistry with TiO2 condensed phases. The force field parameters are optimized to ab initio data for the equations of state, relative phase stabilities for titanium and titanium dioxide, potential energy differences for (TiO2)n-clusters (n = 116). Also data for intrinsic point defects in anatase were added. These data contain formation energies for interstitial titanium and oxygen vacancies, diffusion barriers of the oxygen vacancies and molecular oxygen adsorption on a reduced anatase (101) surface. Employing the resulting force field, we study the influence of concentration of oxygen vacancies and expansion or compression of an anatase surface on the diffusion of the oxygen vacancies. Also the barrier for oxygen diffusion in the subsurface region is evaluated using this force field. This diffusion barrier of 27.7 kcal/mol indicates that the lateral redistribution of oxygen vacancies on the surface and in the subsurface will be dominated by their diffusion in the subsurface, since both this barrier as well as the barriers for diffusion from the surface to the subsurface and vice versa (17.07 kcal/mol and 21.91 kcal/mol, respectively, as calculated with DFT), are significantly lower than for diffusion on the surface (61.12 kcal/mol as calculated with DFT).
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000343781700077	Publication Date	2014-09-16
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0927-0256;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.292	Times cited	15	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.292; 2014 IF: 2.131
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:119409			Serial	682
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	Author	Van Everbroeck, T.; Wu, J.; Arenas-Esteban, D.; Ciocarlan, R.-G.; Mertens, M.; Bals, S.; Dujardin, C.; Granger, P.; Seftel, E.M.; Cool, P.
	Title	ZnAl layered double hydroxide based catalysts (with Cu, Mn, Ti) used as noble metal-free three-way catalysts			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Applied clay science	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Clay Sci
	Volume	217	Issue		Pages	106390
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000795870100004	Publication Date	2022-01-02
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0169-1317	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	5.6	Times cited	6	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	The authors acknowledge financial support by theEuropean Union’s Horizon 2020 Project Partial-PGMs (H2020-NMP-686086). R-G C. and P.C. acknowledge the FWO-Flanders (project no. G038215N) for financial support. S⋅B and D.A.E thank the financial support of the European Research Council (ERC-CoG-2019 815128). The authors are grateful to Johnson Matthey, UK, for supplying the commercial benchmark catalysts; realnano; sygmaSB			Approved	Most recent IF: 5.6
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:186956			Serial	6955
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	Author	Meng, S.; Li, S.; Sun, S.; Bogaerts, A.; Liu, Y.; Yi, Y.
	Title	NH3 decomposition for H2 production by thermal and plasma catalysis using bimetallic catalysts			Type	A1 Journal Article
	Year	2024	Publication	Chemical Engineering Science	Abbreviated Journal	Chemical Engineering Science
	Volume	283	Issue		Pages	119449
	Keywords	A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
	Abstract	Plasma catalysis has emerged as a promising approach for driving thermodynamically unfavorable chemical reactions. Nevertheless, comprehending the mechanisms involved remains a challenge, leading to uncertainty about whether the optimal catalyst in plasma catalysis aligns with that in thermal catalysis. In this research, we explore this question by studying monometallic catalysts (Fe, Co, Ni and Mo) and bimetallic catalysts (Fe-Co, Mo- Co, Fe-Ni and Mo-Ni) in both thermal catalytic and plasma catalytic NH3 decomposition. Our findings reveal that the Fe-Co bimetallic catalyst exhibits the highest activity in thermal catalysis, the Fe-Ni bimetallic catalyst outperforms others in plasma catalysis, indicating a discrepancy between the optimal catalysts for the two catalytic modes in NH3 decomposition. Comprehensive catalyst characterization, kinetic analysis, temperature program surface reaction experiments and plasma diagnosis are employed to discuss the key factors influencing NH3 decomposition performance.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	001105312500001	Publication Date	2023-10-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0009-2509	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	4.7	Times cited		Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes	Universiteit Antwerpen, 32249 ; National Natural Science Foundation of China, 21503032 ; PetroChina Innovation Foundation, 2018D-5007-0501 ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 4.7; 2024 IF: 2.895
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:201009			Serial	8967
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	Author	Andersen, Ja.; van 't Veer, K.; Christensen, Jm.; Østberg, M.; Bogaerts, A.; Jensen, Ad.
	Title	Ammonia decomposition in a dielectric barrier discharge plasma: Insights from experiments and kinetic modeling			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	Chemical engineering science	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	271	Issue		Pages	118550
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Utilizing ammonia as a storage medium for hydrogen is currently receiving increased attention. A possible method to retrieve the hydrogen is by plasma-catalytic decomposition. In this work, we combined an experimental study, using a dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor, with a plasma kinetic model, to get insights into the decomposition mechanism. The experimental results revealed a similar effect on the ammonia conversion when changing the flow rate and power, where increasing the specific energy input (higher power or lower flow rate) gave an increased conversion. A conversion as high as 82 % was achieved at a specific energy input of 18 kJ/Nl. Furthermore, when changing the discharge volume from 31 to 10 cm3, a change in the plasma distribution factor from 0.2 to 0.1 was needed in the model to best describe the conversions of the experiments. This means that a smaller plasma volume caused a higher transfer of energy through micro-discharges (non-uniform plasma), which was found to promote the decomposition of ammonia. These results indicate that it is the collisions between NH3 and the high-energy electrons that initiate the decomposition. Moreover, the rate of ammonia destruction was found by the model to be in the order of 1022 molecules/(cm3 s) during the micro-discharges, which is 5 to 6 orders of magnitude higher than in the afterglows. A considerable re-formation of ammonia was found to take place in the afterglows, limiting the overall conversion. In addition, the model revealed that implementation of packing material in the plasma introduced high concentrations of surface-bound hydrogen atoms, which introduced an additional ammonia re-formation pathway through an Eley-Rideal reaction with gas phase NH2. Furthermore, a more uniform plasma is predicted in the presence of MgAl2O4, which leads to a lower average electron energy during micro-discharges and a lower conversion (37 %) at a comparable residence time for the plasma alone (51 %).
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000946293200001	Publication Date	2023-02-09
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0009-2509	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	4.7	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	We thank Topsoe A/S for providing the packing material used, the research group PLASMANT (UAntwerpen) for sharing their plasma kinetic model and allowing us to perform the calculations on their clusters, and the Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, for funding this project.			Approved	Most recent IF: 4.7; 2023 IF: 2.895
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:195204			Serial	7237
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	Author	Peng, L.; Kassotaki, E.; Liu, Y.; Sun, J.; Dai, X.; Pijuan, M.; Rodriguez-Roda, I.; Buttiglieri, G.; Ni, B.-J.
	Title	Modelling cometabolic biotransformation of sulfamethoxazole by an enriched ammonia oxidizing bacteria culture			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	Chemical engineering science	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	173	Issue		Pages	465-473
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Antibiotics such as sulfamethoxazole (SFX) are environmentally hazardous after being released into the aquatic environment and challenges remain in the development of engineered prevention strategies. In this work, a mathematical model was developed to describe and evaluate cometabolic biotransformation of SFX and its transformation products (TPs) in an enriched ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) culture. The growth-linked cometabolic biodegradation by AOB, non-growth transformation by AOB and nongrowth transformation by heterotrophs were considered in the model framework. The production of major TPs comprising 4-Nitro-SFX, Desamino-SFX and N-4-Acetyl-SFX was also specifically modelled. The validity of the model was demonstrated through testing against literature reported data from extensive batch tests, as well as from long-term experiments in a partial nitritation sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and in a combined SBR + membrane aerated biofilm reactor performing nitrification/denitrification. Modelling results revealed that the removal efficiency of SFX increased with the increase of influent ammonium concentration, whereas the influent organic matter, hydraulic retention time and solid retention time exerted a limited effect on SFX biodegradation with the removal efficiencies varying in a narrow range. The variation of influent SFX concentration had no impact on SFX removal efficiency. The established model framework enables interpretation of a range of experimental observations on SFX biodegradation and helps to identify the optimal conditions for efficient removal. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000411764200039	Publication Date	2017-08-14
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0009-2509	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:146629			Serial	8267
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	Author	Benedet, M.; Andrea Rizzi, G.; Gasparotto, A.; Gauquelin, N.; Orekhov, A.; Verbeeck, J.; Maccato, C.; Barreca, D.
	Title	Functionalization of graphitic carbon nitride systems by cobalt and cobalt-iron oxides boosts solar water oxidation performances			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	Applied surface science	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	618	Issue		Pages	156652
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The ever-increasing energy demand from the world population has made the intensive use of fossil fuels an overarching threat to global environment and human health. An appealing alternative is offered by sunlight-assisted photoelectrochemical water splitting to yield carbon-free hydrogen fuel, but kinetic limitations associated to the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) render the development of cost-effective, eco-friendly and stable electrocatalysts an imperative issue. In the present work, OER catalysts based on graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) were deposited on conducting glass substrates by a simple decantation procedure, followed by functionalization with low amounts of nanostructured CoO and CoFe2O4 by radio frequency (RF)-sputtering, and final annealing under inert atmosphere. A combination of advanced characterization tools was used to investigate the interplay between material features and electrochemical performances. The obtained results highlighted the formation of a p-n junction for the g-C3N4-CoO system, whereas a Z-scheme junction accounted for the remarkable performance enhancement yielded by g-C3N4-CoFe2O4. The intimate contact between the system components also afforded an improved electrocatalyst stability in comparison to various bare and functionalized g-C3N4-based systems. These findings emphasize the importance of tailoring g-C3N4 chemico-physical properties through the dispersion of complementary catalysts to fully exploit its applicative potential.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000950654300001	Publication Date	2023-02-04
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0169-4332	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.7	Times cited	11	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from CNR (Progetti di Ricerca @CNR – avviso 2020 – ASSIST), Padova University (P-DiSC#04BIRD2020-UNIPD EUREKA, DOR 2020–2022), AMGA Foundation (NYMPHEA project), INSTM Consortium (INSTM21PDGASPAROTTO – NANOMAT, INSTM21PDBARMAC – ATENA) and the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 823717 – ESTEEM3. The FWO-Hercules fund G0H4316N 'Direct electron detector for soft matter TEM' is also acknowledged. Many thanks are due to Prof. Luca Gavioli (Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Brescia, Italy) and Dr. Riccardo Lorenzin (Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University, Italy) for their invaluable technical support.; esteem3reported; esteem3TA			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.7; 2023 IF: 3.387
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:196150			Serial	7376
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	Author	Nematollahi, P.
	Title	Selectivity of Mo-NC sites for electrocatalytic N₂ reduction : a function of the single atom position on the surface and local carbon topologies			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	Applied surface science	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	612	Issue		Pages	155908-155909
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Transition metal (TM) doped two-dimensional single-atom catalysts are known as a promising class of catalysts for electrocatalytic gas conversion. However, the detailed mechanisms that occur at the surface of these catalysts are still unknown. In the present work, we simulate three Mo-doped nitrogenated graphene structures. In each catalyst, the position of the Mo active site and the corresponding local carbon topologies are different, i.e. MoN4C10 with in-plane Mo atom, MoN4C8 in which Mo atom bridges two adjacent armchair-like graphitic edges, and MoN2C3 in which Mo is doped at the edge of the graphene sheet. Using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations we discuss the electrocatalytic activity of Mosingle bondNsingle bondC structures for nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) with a focus on unraveling the corresponding mechanisms concerning different Mo site positions and C topologies. Our results indicate that the position of the active site centers has a great effect on its electrocatalytic behavior. The gas phase N2 efficiently reduces to ammonia on MoN4C8 via the distal mechanism with an onset potential of −0.51 V. We confirm that the proposed pyridinic structure, MoN4C8, can catalyze NRR effectively with a low overpotential of 0.35 V.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000901469900003	Publication Date	2022-11-30
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0169-4332	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.7	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 6.7; 2023 IF: 3.387
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:192430			Serial	7275
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	Author	Li, C.-F.; Chen, L.-D.; Wu, L.; Liu, Y.; Hu, Z.-Y.; Cui, W.-J.; Dong, W.-D.; Liu, X.; Yu, W.-B.; Li, Y.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Su, B.-L.
	Title	Directly revealing the structure-property correlation in Na⁺-doped cathode materials			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	Applied surface science	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	612	Issue		Pages	155810-10
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The introduction of Na+ is considered as an effective way to improve the performance of Ni-rich cathode materials. However, the direct structure-property correlation for Na+ doped NCM-based cathode materials remain unclear, due to the difficulty of local and accurate structural characterization for light elements such as Li and Na. Moreover, there is the complexity of the modeling for the whole Li ion battery (LIB) system. To tackle the above-mentioned issues, we prepared Na+-doped LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (Na-NCM622) material. The crystal structure change and the lattice distortion with picometers precision of the Na+-doped material is revealed by Cs-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). Density functional theory (DFT) and the recently proposed electrochemical model, i.e., modified Planck-Nernst-Poisson coupled Frumkin-Butler-Volmer (MPNP-FBV), has been applied to reveal correlations between the activation energy and the charge transfer resistance at multiscale. It is shown that Na+ doping can reduce the activation energy barrier from. G = 1.10 eV to 1.05 eV, resulting in a reduction of the interfacial resistance from 297 O to 134 Omega. Consequently, the Na-NCM622 cathode delivers a superior capacity retention of 90.8 % (159 mAh.g(-1)) after 100 cycles compared to the pristine NCM622 (67.5 %, 108 mAh.g(-1)). Our results demonstrate that the kinetics of Li+ diffusion and the electrochemical reaction can be enhanced by Na+ doping the cathode material.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000892940300001	Publication Date	2022-11-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0169-4332	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.7	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 6.7; 2023 IF: 3.387
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:192758			Serial	7296
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	Author	Bafekry, A.; Faraji, M.; Fadlallah, M.M.; Khatibani, A.B.; Ziabari, A. abdolahzadeh; Ghergherehchi, M.; Nedaei, S.; Shayesteh, S.F.; Gogova, D.
	Title	Tunable electronic and magnetic properties of MoSi₂N₄ monolayer via vacancy defects, atomic adsorption and atomic doping			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2021	Publication	Applied Surface Science	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Surf Sci
	Volume	559	Issue		Pages	149862
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	The two dimensional MoSi2N4 (MSN) monolayer exhibiting rich physical and chemical properties was synthesized for the first time last year. We have used the spin-polarized density functional theory to study the effect of different types of point defects on the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of the MSN monolayer. Adsorbed, substitutionally doped (at different lattice sites), and some kind of vacancies have been considered as point defects. The computational results show all defects studied decrease the MSN monolayer band gap. We found out the H-, O-, and P-doped MSN are n-type conductors. The arsenic-doped MSN, and MSN with vacancy defects have a magnetic moment. The MSN with a Si vacancy defect is a half-metallic which is favorable for spintronic applications, while the MSN with a single N vacancy or double vacancy (N + S) defects are metallic, i. e., beneficial as spin filters and chemical sensors.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000655645300001	Publication Date	2021-05-01
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0169-4332	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.387	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.387
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:179098			Serial	7038
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	Author	Van Dijck, J.G.; Mampuys, P.; Ching, H.Y.V.; Krishnan, D.; Baert, K.; Hauffman, T.; Verbeeck, J.; Van Doorslaer, S.; Maes, B.U.W.; Dorbec, M.; Buekenhoudt, A.; Meynen, V.
	Title	Synthesis – properties correlation and the unexpected role of the titania support on the Grignard surface modification			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Applied Surface Science	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Surf Sci
	Volume	527	Issue		Pages	146851-17
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Organic synthesis (ORSY); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT)
	Abstract	While the impact of reaction conditions on surface modification with Grignard reactants has been studied for silica supports, such information is absent for metal oxides like titania. Differences between modified titania and silica are observed, making it paramount to explore the reaction mechanism. A detailed study on the impact of the reaction conditions is reported, with a focus on the chain length of the alkyl Grignard reactant, its concentration, the reaction time and temperature, and the type of titania support. While the increase in the chain length reduces the amount of organic groups on the surface, the concentration, time and temperature show little/no influence on the modification degree. However, the type of titania support used and the percentage of amorphous phase present has a significant impact on the amount of grafted groups. Even though the temperature and concentration show no clear impact on the modification degree, they can cause changes in the surface hydroxyl population, which are thus not linked to the modification degree. Furthermore, the titania support is reduced during functionalization. This reduction dependents on the reaction temperature, the titania support and the chain length of the Grignard reactant. Similarly, this reduction is not linked to the modification degree.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000564205300003	Publication Date	2020-06-03
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0169-4332	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.7	Times cited	5	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	; The FWO (Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek) is gratefully acknowledged for the VITO-FWO grant of fellow Jeroen G. Van Dijck (11W9416N) and the financial support granted in project GO12712N. The E.U. is acknowledged for H.Y. Vincent Ching's H2020-MSCA-IF (grant number 792946, iSPY). Dileep Krishnan and Johan Verbeeck acknowledge funding from GOA project “solarpaint” of the University of Antwerp. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.7; 2020 IF: 3.387
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:169722			Serial	6712
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	Author	Vishwakarma, M.; Agrawal, K.; Hadermann, J.; Mehta, B.R.
	Title	Investigating the effect of sulphurization on volatility of compositions in Cu-poor and Sn-rich CZTS thin films			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Applied Surface Science	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Surf Sci
	Volume	507	Issue		Pages	145043
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	In the present work, the Cu-poor and Sn-rich CZTS thin films were prepared in order to study the volatility of Sn with respect to other components. Thin film compositions were kept intentionally Sn-rich to understand the behaviour of loss and segregation of Sn during sulphurization. The homogeneous composition distribution in precursor thin films turns heterogeneous with a change in morphology after sulphurization. The inability of identifying nanoscale secondary phases in CZTS thin film by conventional analytical techniques such as XRD and Raman, can be fulfilled by employing HAADF-STEM analysis. XPS and HAADF-STEM analyses provide the quantification of nanoscale secondary phases across the thin film and surface, respectively. The volatility of Sn was revealed in the form of segregation in the middle layer of CZTS cross-sectional lamella rather than loss to annealing atmosphere. It was observed that among the cations of CZTS, Sn segregates more than Cu, while Zn segregates least. The nanoscale spurious phases were observed to vary across different regions in the sulphurized CZTS sample. The reactive annealing lead to grain growth and formation of grain boundary features in the CZTS thin films, where annealing significantly modifies the potential difference and band bending at grain boundaries with respect to intra-grains.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000520021200053	Publication Date	2019-12-13
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0169-4332	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.7	Times cited	4	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	; Authors acknowledges support provided by DST, India in the forms of InSOL project. We also acknowledge Dr. Indrani Mishra for XPS measurements and DST-FIST Raman facility for Raman measurements. Manoj Vishwakarma acknowledges IIT Delhi, New Delhi, India for MHRD fellowship. Prof. B.R. Mehta acknowledges the support of the Schlumberger chair professorship. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.7; 2020 IF: 3.387
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:168603			Serial	6552
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	Author	Bafekry, A.; Akgenc, B.; Shayesteh, S.F.; Mortazavi, B.
	Title	Tunable electronic and magnetic properties of graphene/carbon-nitride van der Waals heterostructures			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Applied Surface Science	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Surf Sci
	Volume	505	Issue		Pages	144450-144459
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	In this paper, we explore the electronic properties of C3N, C3N4 and C4N3 and graphene (Gr) van der Waals heterostructures by conducing extensive first-principles calculations. The acquired results show that these heterostructures can show diverse electronic properties, such as the metal (Gr on C3N), semiconductor with narrow band gap (Gr on C3N4) and ferromagnetic-metal (Gr on C4N3). We furthermore explored the effect of vacancies, atom substitution, topological, antisite and Stone-Wales defects on the structural and electronic properties of considered heterostructures. Our results show that the vacancy defects introduce localized states near the Fermi level and create a local magnetic moment. The Gr/C3N heterostructures with the single and double vacancy defects exhibit a ferromagnetic-metal, while Stone-Wales defects show an indirect semiconductor with the band gap of 0.2 eV. The effects of adsorption and insertion of O, C, Be, Cr, Fe and Co atoms on the electronic properties of Gr/C3N have been also elaborately studied. Our results highlight that the electronic and magnetic properties of garphene/carbon-nitride lateral heterostructures can be effectively modified by point defects and impurities.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000510846500052	Publication Date	2019-11-18
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0169-4332	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.7	Times cited	26	Open Access
	Notes	; ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.7; 2020 IF: 3.387
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:167732			Serial	6638
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	Author	Sozen, Y.; Eren, I.; Ozen, S.; Yagmurcukardes, M.; Sahin, H.
	Title	Interaction of Ge with single layer GaAs : from Ge-island nucleation to formation of novel stable monolayers			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Applied Surface Science	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Surf Sci
	Volume	505	Issue		Pages	144218-7
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	In this study, reactivity of single-layer GaAs against Ge atoms is studied by means of ab initio density functional theory calculations. Firstly, it is shown that Ge atoms interact quite strongly with the GaAs layer which allows the formation of Ge islands while it hinders the growth of detached germanene monolayers. It is also predicted that adsorption of Ge atoms on GaAs single-layer lead to formation of two novel stable single-layer crystal structures, namely 1H-GaGeAs and 1H(A)-GaGeAs. Both the total energy optimizations and the calculated vibrational spectra indicate the dynamical stability of both single layer structures. Moreover, although both structures crystallize in 1H phase, 1H-GaGeAs and 1H(A)-GaGeAs exhibit distinctive vibrational features in their Raman spectra which is quite important for distinguishing the structures. In contrast to the semiconducting nature of single-layer GaAs, both polytypes of GaGeAs exhibit metallic behavior confirmed by the electronic band dispersions. Furthermore, the linear-elastic constants, in-plane stiffness and Poisson ratio, reveal the ultrasoft nature of the GaAs and GaGeAs structures and the rigidity of GaAs is found to be slightly enhanced via Ge adsorption. With their stable, ultra-thin and metallic properties, predicted single-layer GaGeAs structures can be promising candidates for nanoscale electronic and mechanical applications.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000510846500026	Publication Date	2019-11-02
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0169-4332	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	6.7	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	; Computational resources were provided by TUBITAK ULAKBIM, High Performance and Grid Computing Center (TR-Grid eInfrastructure). H.S. acknowledges financial support from the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under the project number 117F095. H.S. acknowledges support from Turkish Academy of Sciences under the GEBIP program. This work is supported by the Flemish Science Foundation (FWO-Vl) by a postdoctoral fellowship (M.Y.). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.7; 2020 IF: 3.387
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:167733			Serial	6548
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	Author	Sathiyamoorthy, S.; Girijakumari, G.; Kannan, P.; Venugopal, K.; Thiruvottriyur Shanmugam, S.; Veluswamy, P.; De Wael, K.; Ikeda, H.
	Title	Tailoring the functional properties of polyurethane foam with dispersions of carbon nanofiber for power generator applications			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Applied surface science	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Surf Sci
	Volume	449	Issue	449	Pages	507-513
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	To produce effective thermoelectric nanocomposites, carbon nanofibers (CNF) incorporated polyurethane (PU) foams with nanocomposites are prepared via in-situ polymerization method to create a synergy that would produce a high thermopower. The formation mechanism of foams, the reaction kinetics, and the physical properties such as density and water absorption studied before and after CNF incorporation. The microscopy images showed a uniform dispersion of CNF in the PU matrix of the prepared foams. Spectroscopic studies such as X-ray photoelectron and laser Raman spectroscopy suggested the existence of a tight intermolecular binding interaction between the carbon nanofibers and the PU matrix in the prepared composite foams. It found that the thermopower is directly dependent on the concentration of carbon nanofiber since, with rising concentration of 1%3%, the coefficient values increased from 1.2 μV/K to 11.9 μV/K respectively, a value higher than that of earlier report. This unique nanocomposite offers a new opportunity to recycle waste heat in portable/wearable electronics and other applications, which will broaden the development of low weight and mechanical flexibility.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000438025400064	Publication Date	2018-02-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0169-4332	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.387	Times cited	4	Open Access
	Notes	; ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.387
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:151287			Serial	5868
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	Author	Thomassen, G.; Huysveld, S.; Boone, L.; Vilain, C.; Geysen, D.; Huysman, K.; Cools, B.; Dewulf, J.
	Title	The environmental impact of household's water use: A case study in Flanders assessing various water sources, production methods and consumption patterns			Type	A1 Journal Article
	Year	2021	Publication	Science Of The Total Environment	Abbreviated Journal	Sci Total Environ
	Volume	770	Issue		Pages	145398
	Keywords	A1 Journal Article; Engineering Management (ENM) ;
	Abstract	Responsible water use and sustainable consumption and production are high on the agenda of multiple stakeholders. Different water supply sources are available, including tap water, bottled water, domestically harvested rainwater and domestically abstracted groundwater. The extent to which each of these water supply sources is used, differs over consumption patterns in various housing types, being detached houses, semi-detached houses, terraced houses and apartments. To identify the environmental impact of a household's water use and potential environmental impact reduction strategies, a holistic assessment is required. In this paper, the environmental impact of a household's water use in Flanders (Belgium) was assessed including four different water supply sources and four different consumption patterns by means of a life cycle assessment. The outcomes of this study reveal a large difference between the environmental impact of bottled water use, having a global warming impact of 259 kg CO2-eq.·m−3, compared to the other three supply sources. Tap water supply had the lowest global warming impact (0.17 kg CO2-eq.·m−3) and resource footprint (6.51 MJex·m−3) of all water supply sources. The most efficient strategy to reduce the environmental impact of household's water use is to shift the water consumption from bottled to tap water consumption. This would induce a reduction in global warming impact of the water use of an inhabitant in Flanders by on average 80%, saving 0.1 kg CO2-eq.·day−1 in case of groundwater-based tap water. These results provide insights into sustainable water use for multiple consumption patterns and can be used to better frame the environmental benefits of tap water use.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2021-01-27
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0048-9697	ISBN		Additional Links
	Impact Factor	4.9	Times cited		Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes	This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.			Approved	Most recent IF: 4.9
	Call Number	ENM @ enm @			Serial	6681
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	Author	Bogaerts, A.; Yusupov, M.; Razzokov, J.; Van der Paal, J.
	Title	Plasma for cancer treatment: How can RONS penetrate through the cell membrane? Answers from computer modeling			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering	Abbreviated Journal	Front Chem Sci Eng
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Plasma is gaining increasing interest for cancer treatment, but the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Using computer simulations at the molecular level, we try to gain better insight in how plasma-generated reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) can penetrate through the cell membrane. Speciﬁcally, we compare the permeability of various (hydrophilic and hydrophobic) RONS across both oxidized and nonoxidized cell membranes. We also study pore formation, and how it is hampered by higher concentrations of cholesterol in the cell membrane, and we illustrate the much higher permeability of H2O2 through aquaporin channels. Both mechanisms may explain the selective cytotoxic effect of plasma towards cancer cells. Finally, we also discuss the synergistic effect of plasma-induced oxidation and electric ﬁelds towards pore formation. Keywords plasma medicine, cancer treatment, computer modelling, cell membrane, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000468848400004	Publication Date	2019-03-22
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2095-0179	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.712	Times cited	5	Open Access	Not_Open_Access: Available from 23.05.2020
	Notes	We acknowledge ﬁnancial support from the Research Foundation–Flanders (FWO; Grant Nos. 1200216N and 11U5416N). The computational work was carried out using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UA), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UA. We are also very thankful to R. Cordeiro for the very interesting discussions.			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.712
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @UA @ admin @ c:irua:159977			Serial	5172
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	Author	Akamine, H.; Mitsuhara, M.; Nishida, M.; Samaee, V.; Schryvers, D.; Tsukamoto, G.; Kunieda, T.; Fujii, H.
	Title	Precipitation behaviors in Ti-2.3 Wt Pct Cu alloy during isothermal and two-step aging			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2021	Publication	Metallurgical And Materials Transactions A-Physical Metallurgy And Materials Science	Abbreviated Journal	Metall Mater Trans A
	Volume	52	Issue		Pages	2760-2772
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Time evolution of precipitates related to age-hardening in Ti-2.3 wt pct Cu alloys was investigated by electron microscopy. In isothermal aging at 723 K, the hardness increases continuously owing to precipitation strengthening, whereas in two-step aging where the aging temperature is switched from 673 K to 873 K after 100 hours, the hardness is found to drastically drop after the aging temperature switches. In isothermal aging, metastable and stable precipitates are independently nucleated, whereas characteristic V-shaped clusters of precipitates are observed during the two-step aging. It is revealed by atomic-scale observations that the V-shaped clusters are composed of metastable and stable precipitates and each type of precipitate has a different orientation relationship with the alpha phase: (10 (3) over bar)//(0001)(alpha) and [0 (1) over bar0]//respectively. The drop in hardness during two-step aging can be explained by a synergistic effect of decreased precipitation strengthening and solid solution strengthening. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International 2021
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000644823000001	Publication Date	2021-04-27
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1073-5623	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	1.874	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.874
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:178222			Serial	6786
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	Author	Van Hal, M.; Lenaerts, S.; Verbruggen, S.W.
	Title	Photocatalytic soot degradation under UV and visible light			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Environmental Science and Pollution Research	Abbreviated Journal	Environ Sci Pollut R
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1-11
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Particulate matter is one of the most persistent global air pollutants that is causing health problems, climate disturbance and building deterioration. A sustainable technique that is able to degrade soot using (sun)light is photocatalysis. Currently, research on photocatalytic soot oxidation focusses on large band gap TiO2-based photocatalysts and thus requires the use of UV light. It would prove useful if visible light, and thus a larger fraction of the (freely available) solar spectrum, could additionally be utilised to drive this process. In this work, a visible light-active photocatalyst, WO3, is benchmarked to TiO2 under both UV and visible light. At the same time, the versatility and drastic improvement of a recently introduced digital image-based soot degradation detection method are demonstrated. An additional step correcting for non-soot related catalyst colour changes is applied, resulting in accurate detection and quantification of soot degradation for all studied photocatalysts, even for materials such as WO3 that are inherently coloured. With this study, we aim to broaden the scope of photocatalytic soot oxidation technology to visible light-active photocatalyst. Along with this study, we provide a versatile soot degradation detection methodology based on digital image analysis that is made widely applicable.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000871854600010	Publication Date	2022-10-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0944-1344; 1614-7499	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	5.8	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 5.8
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:191275			Serial	7189
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	Author	Castanheiro, A.; Wuyts, K.; Hofman, J.; Nuyts, G.; De Wael, K.; Samson, R.
	Title	Morphological and elemental characterization of leaf-deposited particulate matter from different source types : a microscopic investigation			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2021	Publication	Environmental Science And Pollution Research	Abbreviated Journal	Environ Sci Pollut R
	Volume	28	Issue	20	Pages	25716-25732
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Particulate matter (PM) deposition on urban green enables the collection of particulate pollution from a diversity of contexts, and insight into the physico-chemical profiles of PM is key for identifying main polluting sources. This study reports on the morphological and elemental characterization of PM2-10 deposited on ivy leaves from five different environments (forest, rural, roadside, train, industry) in the region of Antwerp, Belgium. Ca. 40,000 leaf-deposited particles were thoroughly investigated by particle-based analysis using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) and their physico-chemical characteristics were explored for PM source apportionment purposes. The size distribution of all deposited particles was biased towards small-sized PM, with 32% of the particles smaller than 2.5 mu m (PM2.5) and median diameters of 2.80-3.09 mu m. The source type influenced both the particles' size and morphology (aspect ratio and shape), with roadside particles being overall the smallest in size and the most spherical. While forest and rural elemental profiles were associated with natural PM, the industry particles revealed the highest anthropogenic metal input. PM2-10 profiles for roadside and train sites were rather comparable and only distinguishable when evaluating the fine (2-2.5 mu m) and coarse (2.5-10 mu m) PM fractions separately, which enabled the identification of a larger contribution of combustion-derived particles (small, circular, Fe-enriched) at the roadside compared to the train. Random forest prediction model classified the source type correctly for 61-85% of the leaf-deposited PM. The still modest classification accuracy denotes the influence of regional background PM and demands for additional fingerprinting techniques to facilitate source apportionment. Nonetheless, the obtained results demonstrate the utility of leaf particle-based analysis to fingerprint and pinpoint source-specific PM, particularly when considering both the composition and size of leaf-deposited particles.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000609067300006	Publication Date	2021-01-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0944-1344; 1614-7499	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.741	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.741
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:176082			Serial	8282
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	Author	Kardel, F.; Wuyts, K.; De Wael, K.; Samson, R.
	Title	Biomonitoring of atmospheric particulate pollution via chemical composition and magnetic properties of roadside tree leaves			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Environmental Science and Pollution Research	Abbreviated Journal	Environ Sci Pollut R
	Volume	25	Issue	26	Pages	25994-26004
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Particulate matter (PM) is a main atmospheric pollution which threats human health and well-being. In this research, we chemically and magnetically analysed roadside tree leaves, collected from three tree species in two main roads (from two different cities) and a reference area, for 28 elements and the saturation isothermal remanent magnetisation. Comparison of unwashed and washed leaves revealed that deposited particles on the leaf surface contain various elements including Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, Na, Si, Ti, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Rb, V, Zn and Zr. Moreover, there was no significant difference between washed/unwashed leaves in Cl, K, P, S, As, Cd, Cs, Pb, Sn and Sr concentrations, which indicates tree leaves may not be a suitable biomonitor for these elements. Our results showed that site and tree species are important factors which affect atmospheric elements deposition. Among the three considered tree species, Chamaecyparis lawsoniana showed the highest potential for atmospheric particle accumulation. The PCA results revealed that Al, Fe, Ti, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Rb, Si, V, Zn and Zr indicated emissions from road traffic activities and soil dust; Ca, Mg and Na from sea salts and Mn and Sb from industrial activity. The biplot results showed that the site effect was much stronger than the species effect for all elements and saturation isothermal remanent magnetisation (SIRM) values. Moreover, elements from traffic, industrial activity and soil dust are significantly correlated with leaf SIRM indicating that leaf SIRM can be a suitable bioindicator of exposure to traffic-derived particles and soil dust, and not from sea salts. It is concluded that chemical composition and SIRM of urban tree leaves can serve as a good indicator of atmospheric PM pollution in Iran and anywhere else where the studied trees grow.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000443329100034	Publication Date	2018-07-02
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0944-1344; 1614-7499	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.741	Times cited	6	Open Access
	Notes	; ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.741
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:153669			Serial	5489
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	Author	van Walsem, J.; Roegiers, J.; Modde, B.; Lenaerts, S.; Denys, S.
	Title	Integration of a photocatalytic multi-tube reactor for indoor air purification in HVAC systems : a feasibility study			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Environmental Science and Pollution Research	Abbreviated Journal	Environ Sci Pollut R
	Volume	25	Issue	18	Pages	18015-18026
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	This work is focused on an in-depth experimental characterization of multi-tube reactors for indoor air purification integrated in ventilation systems. Glass tubes were selected as an excellent photocatalyst substrate to meet the challenging requirements of the operating conditions in a ventilation system in which high flow rates are typical. Glass tubes show a low-pressure drop which reduces the energy demand of the ventilator, and additionally, they provide a large exposed surface area to allow interaction between indoor air contaminants and the photocatalyst. Furthermore, the performance of a range of P25-loaded sol-gel coatings was investigated, based on their adhesion properties and photocatalytic activities. Moreover, the UV light transmission and photocatalytic reactor performance under various operating conditions were studied. These results provide vital insights for the further development and scaling up of multi-tube reactors in ventilation systems which can provide a better comfort, improved air quality in indoor environments, and reduced human exposure to harmful pollutants.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000436879200071	Publication Date	2018-04-24
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0944-1344; 1614-7499	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.741	Times cited	3	Open Access
	Notes	; J.V.W. acknowledges the Agentschap Innoveren and Ondernemen for a PhD fellowship. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.741
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:150946			Serial	5967
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	Author	Billet, J.; Vandewalle, S.; Meire, M.; Blommaerts, N.; Lommens, P.; Verbruggen, S.W.; De Buysser, K.; Du Prez, F.; Van Driesche, I.
	Title	Mesoporous TiO₂ from poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide)-b-polystyrene block copolymers for long-term acetaldehyde photodegradation			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Journal of materials science	Abbreviated Journal	J Mater Sci
	Volume	55	Issue	55	Pages	1933-1945
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Although already some mesoporous (2–50 nm) sol–gel TiO2 synthesis strategies exist, no pore size control beyond the 12 nm range is possible without using specialized organic structure-directing agents synthetized via controlled anionic/radical polymerizations. Here, we present the use of reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization as a straightforward and industrial applicable alternative to the existing controlled polymerization methods for structure-directing agent synthesis. Poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide)-block-polystyrene (PDMA-b-PS) block copolymer, synthesized via RAFT, was chosen as structure-directing agent for the formation of the mesoporous TiO2. Crack-free thin layers TiO2 with tunable pores from 8 to 45 nm could be acquired. For the first time, in a detailed and systematic approach, the influence of the block size and dispersity of the block copolymer is experimentally screened for their influence on the final meso-TiO2 layers. As expected, the mesoporous TiO2 pore sizes showed a clear correlation to the polystyrene block size and the dispersity of the PDMA-b-PS block copolymer. Surprisingly, the dispersity of the polymer was shown not to be affecting the standard deviation of the pores. As a consequence, RAFT could be seen as a viable alternative to the aforementioned controlled polymerization reactions for the synthesis of structure-directing agents enabling the formation of mesoporous pore size-controlled TiO2. To examine the photocatalytic activity of the mesoporous TiO2 thin layers, the degradation of acetaldehyde, a known indoor pollutant, was studied. Even after 3 years of aging, the TiO2 thin layer retained most of its activity.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000494929300001	Publication Date	2019-11-05
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-2461	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.599	Times cited	2	Open Access
	Notes	; Ghent University is acknowledged for funding the research presented in this paper. M. Meire and S. W. Verbruggen acknowledge the FWO-Flanders (Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders) for financial support. The authors thank Bernhard De Meyer for the SEC analysis, Hannes Rijckaert for the cross-sectional analysis, Tom Planckaert for BET analysis of the meso-TiO<INF>2</INF> powders, Jeroen Kint for the porosiellipsometry tests and Frank Driessen for the MALDI-TOF analysis. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.599
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:163842			Serial	5969
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	Author	Meire, M.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Lenaerts, S.; Lommens, P.; Van Der Voort, P.; Van Driessche, I.
	Title	Microwave-assisted synthesis of mesoporous titania with increased crystallinity, specific surface area, and photocatalytic activity			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Journal of materials science	Abbreviated Journal	J Mater Sci
	Volume	51	Issue	21	Pages	9822-9829
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Mesoporous titanium dioxide is a material finding its use in a wide range of applications. For many of these, it is important to achieve a high degree of crystallinity in the material. It is generally accepted that the use of the soft templating approach to synthesize mesoporous titania, results in a compromise between crystallinity and specific surface area due to thermal instability of the used templates. In this paper, we explore how the use of microwave irradiation can influence the crystallinity, specific surface area, and the electronic properties of mesoporous titania. Therefore, we combined microwave radiation with an evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) synthesis. We show that additional microwave treatment at carefully chosen synthesis steps can enhance the crystallinity with 20 % without causing significant loss of surface area (>360 m2/g). Surface photovoltage measurements were used to investigate the electronic properties. The photocatalytic activity of the samples was evaluated in aqueous media by following the degradation of an industrial dye, methylene blue, and the herbicide isoproturon under UV irradiation and in gaseous media looking at the degradation of acetaldehyde, a common indoor pollutant under UVA irradiation. In all cases, the microwave treatment results in more active materials.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000381182200023	Publication Date	2016-07-18
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-2461	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.599	Times cited	8	Open Access
	Notes	; M. Meire and S. W. Verbruggen acknowledge the FWO-Flanders (Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders) for financial support. We want to thank T. Planckaert for the N<INF>2</INF> sorption measurements, J. Watte for the XRD measurements, and professor K. De Buysser for the quantitative Rietveld refinements. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.599
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:140098			Serial	5970
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	Author	Jacobs, W.; Reynaerts, C.; Andries, S.; van den Akker, S.; Moonen, N.; Lamoen, D.
	Title	Analyzing the dispersion of cargo vapors around a ship’s superstructure by means of wind tunnel experiments			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Journal of marine science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	J Mar Sci Tech-Japan
	Volume	21	Issue	21	Pages	758-766
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	In a previous study, it was found that cargo tank operations like cleaning and venting, lead to higher cargo vapor concentrations around the ship’s superstructure. Can wind tunnel experiments confirm these findings? Is there an improvement when using higher outlets at high velocities compared to lower outlets with a low outlet velocity? Is there a relation between relative wind speed and measured concentration? These questions were investigated in the Peutz wind tunnel. By using a tracer gas for the wind tunnel experiments, concentration coefficients have been calculated for various settings. The study shows that using high-velocity outlets is an efficient way to keep concentrations as low as possible. The only exception is for relative wind directions from the bow. In this last case using a manhole as ventilation outlet leads to lower concentrations. With increasing wind speeds the building downwash effect resulted in higher concentration coefficients near the main deck. This study confirms our on-board measurements and suggests the lowering of the ventilation inlet of the accommodation, so that the high-velocity outlet can be used safely at all times.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000388260200015	Publication Date	2016-05-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0948-4280	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	0.838	Times cited	2	Open Access
	Notes	The authors would like to thank Peutz bv. at Molenhoek, the Netherlands, for providing the wind tunnel facilities and their assistance during the various stages of this research.			Approved	Most recent IF: 0.838
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:138728			Serial	4326
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	Author	't Hart, L.; Storme, P.; Anaf, W.; Nuyts, G.; Vanmeert, F.; Dorriné, W.; Janssens, K.; De Wael, K.; Schalm, O.
	Title	Monitoring the impact of the indoor air quality on silver cultural heritage objects using passive and continuous corrosion rate assessments			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Applied physics A : materials science & processing	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Phys A-Mater
	Volume	122	Issue	10	Pages	923-10
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
	Abstract	There is a long tradition in evaluating industrial atmospheres by measuring the corrosion rate of exposed metal coupons. The heritage community also uses this method, but the interpretation of the corrosion rate often lacks clarity due to the low corrosivity in indoor museum environments. This investigation explores the possibilities and drawbacks of different silver corrosion rate assessments. The corrosion rate is determined by three approaches: (1) chemical characterization of metal coupons using analytical techniques such as electrochemical measurements, SEM-EDX, XRD, and µ-Raman spectroscopy, (2) continuous corrosion monitoring methods based on electrical resistivity loss of a corroding nm-sized metal wire and weight gain of a corroding silver coated quartz crystal, and (3) characterization of the visual degradation of the metal coupons. This study confirms that subtle differences in corrosivity between locations inside a museum can be determined on condition that the same corrosion rate assessment is used. However, the impact of the coupon orientation with respect to the prevailing direction of air circulation can be substantially larger than the impact of the coupon location.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000384753800053	Publication Date	2016-09-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0947-8396	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.455	Times cited	3	Open Access
	Notes	; This research has been sponsored by the Belgian Federal Public Planning Service Science Policy (BELSPO) under Project Number BR/132/A6/AIRCHECQ. In this project an innovative monitoring kit is developed that continuously and simultaneously measures both environmental parameters and material behaviour, enabling the study of the cause-effect relationships. The Quanta 250 FEG microscope at the University of Antwerp was funded by the Hercules foundation of the Flemish Government. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.455
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:135511			Serial	5733
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	Author	Trentelman, K.; Janssens, K.; van der Snickt, G.; Szafran, Y.; Woollett, A.T.; Dik, J.
	Title	Rembrandt's An Old Man in Military Costume: the underlying image re-examined			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Applied physics A : materials science & processing	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Phys A-Mater
	Volume	121	Issue	3	Pages	801-811
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The painting An Old Man in Military Costume in the J. Paul Getty Museum, by Rembrandt Harmensz van Rijn, was studied using two complementary, element-specific imaging techniques-neutron activation autoradiography (NAAR) and macro-X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) mapping-to reveal the second, hidden painting. NAAR provided a strong image of the face and cloak of the underlying figure, along with an indication of the chemical composition. The single-element distribution maps produced by MA-XRF mapping provided additional details into the shape of the underlying image and the composition of the pigments used. The underlying figure's face is richer in mercury, indicative of the pigment vermilion, than the face of the figure on the surface. Likewise, the cloak of the underlying figure is richer in copper than the surface figure though the identity of the copper-containing pigment cannot be determined from these data. The use of iron earth pigments, specifically Si-rich umbers, is indicated through the complementary information provided by the NAAR and MA-XRF maps. These data are used to create a false color digital reconstruction, yielding the most detailed representation of the underlying painting to date.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000364914100003	Publication Date	2015-08-31
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0947-8396	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.455	Times cited	22	Open Access
	Notes	; The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of all those who aided in the examination of this painting over the decades, that has culminated in the work presented here. Particular thanks go to Mark Leonard (former head of Paintings Conservation at the J. Paul Getty Museum) and Henry Prask (NIST) for carrying out the NAAR analysis; John Twilley (former GCI Scientist) for early investigations; Andrea Sartorius (former JPGM Paintings intern) for creating a mock-up painting used in earlier phases of this work; Peter Reishig (former GCI intern) for compiling the NAAR data; Catherine Patterson, Lynn Lee, and David Carson (GCI Science) and Gene Karraker (JPGM Paintings Conservation) for helping with the setup and operation of the M6 Jetstream; and Giacomo Chiari (former head of GCI Science) for performing the XRD analysis. Koen Janssens and Geert van der Snickt acknowledge the Fund Inbev-Baillet Latour for financial support. Joris Dik acknowledges the help of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) in the form of a VIDI grant in the Innovational Research Incentive Scheme. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.455; 2015 IF: 1.704
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:130289			Serial	5812
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	Author	Subramanian, V.; Van 't dack, L.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Preliminary studies on the geochemistry of the Cauvery river basin			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1985	Publication	Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences: earth and planetary sciences	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	94	Issue	2	Pages	99-110
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Samples of water and sediments were collected over a three year period from the entire region of Cauvery river basin excluding the estuary. On the basis of our observations, we have calculated the average composition of the Cauvery river at several locations from the catchment to the river mouth, the downstream profile of sediment load, annual erosion rates, solute and sediment fluxes and have predicted on long term changes. The sediment chemistry was determined by x-ray fluorescence (xrf) technique, and calculated mean compositions of the Cauvery and its tributary bed and the suspended sediment were compared to those of world average river sediments. Downstream profiles of some of the elements appear to be controlled by size and mineralogical characteristics besides local factors specific to the location of the samples. Interelemental relationships indicated good correlation among the transition elements indicating their co-genetic behaviour within the drainage basin.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1985ARL3300004	Publication Date	2010-08-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0253-4126	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:111503			Serial	8410
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