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Author Ranjbari, E.; Hadjmohammadi, M.R.; Kiekens, F.; De Wael, K. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Mixed hemi/ad-micelle sodium dodecyl sulfate-coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for the efficient removal and trace determination of rhodamine-B and rhodamine-6G Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2015 Publication (up) Analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal Anal Chem  
  Volume 87 Issue 15 Pages 7894-7901  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract Mixed hemi/ad-micelle sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MHAMS-MIONPs) were used as an efficient adsorbent for both removal and preconcentration of two important carcinogenic xanthine dyes named rhodamine-B (RB) and rhodamine-6G (RG). To gain insight in the configuration of SDS molecules on the surface of MIONPs, zeta potential measurements were performed in different [SDS]/[MIONP] ratios. Zeta potential data indicated that mixed hemi/ad-micelle MHAM was formed in [SDS]/[MIONP] ratios over the range of 1.1 to 7.3. Parameters affecting the adsorption of dyes were optimized as removal efficiency by one variable at-a-time and response surface methodology; the obtained removal efficiencies were ∼100%. Adsorption kinetic and equilibrium studies, under the optimum condition (pH = 2; amount of MIONPs = 87.15 mg; [SDS]/[MIONP] ratio = 2.9), showed that adsorption of both dyes are based on the pseudo-second-order and the Langmuir isotherm models, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacities for RB and RG were 385 and 323 mg g1, respectively. MHAMS-MIONPs were also applied for extraction of RB and RG. Under optimum conditions (pH = 2; amount of damped MHAMS-MIONPs = 90 mg; eluent solvent volume = 2.6 mL of 3% acetic acid in acetonitrile), extraction recoveries for 0.5 mg L1 of RB and RG were 98% and 99%, with preconcentration factors of 327 and 330, respectively. Limit of detection obtained for rhodamine dyes were <0.7 ng mL1. Finally, MHAMS-MIONPs were successfully applied for both removal and trace determination of RB and RG in environmental and wastewater samples.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000359277900056 Publication Date 2015-07-08  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-2700; 5206-882x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 6.32 Times cited 36 Open Access  
  Notes ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 6.32; 2015 IF: 5.636  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:126583 Serial 5730  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Neven, L.; Thiruvottriyur Shanmugam, S.; Rahemi, V.; Trashin, S.; Sleegers, N.; Carrion, E.N.; Gorun, S.M.; De Wael, K. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Optimized photoelectrochemical detection of essential drugs bearing phenolic groups Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2019 Publication (up) Analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal Anal Chem  
  Volume 91 Issue 15 Pages 9962-9969  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract The World Health Organization (WHO) model “List of Essential Medicines” includes among indispensable medicines antibacterials and pain and migraine relievers. Monitoring their concentration in the environment, while challenging, is important in the context of antibiotic resistance as well as their production of highly toxic compounds via hydrolysis. Traditional detection methods such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or LC combined with tandem mass spectrometry or UV-vis spectroscopy are time-consuming, have a high cost, require skilled operators and are difficult to adapt for field operations. In contrast, (electrochemical) sensors have elicited interest because of their rapid response, high selectivity, and sensitivity as well as potential for on-site detection. Previously, we reported a novel sensor system based on a type II photosensitizer, which combines the advantages of enzymatic sensors (high sensitivity) and photoelectrochemical sensors (easy baseline subtraction). Under red-light illumination, the photosensitizer produces singlet oxygen which oxidizes phenolic compounds present in the sample. The subsequent reduction of the oxidized phenolic compounds at the electrode surface gives rise to a quantifiable photocurrent and leads to the generation of a redox cycle. Herein we report the optimization in terms of pH and applied potential of the photoelectrochemical detection of the hydrolysis product of paracetamol, i.e., 4-aminophenol (4-AP), and two antibacterials, namely, cefadroxil (CFD, beta-lactam antibiotic) and doxycycline (DXC, tetracycline antibiotic). The optimized conditions resulted in a detection limit of 0.2 mu mol L-1 for DXC, but in a 10 times higher sensitivity, 20 nmol L-1, for CFD. An even higher sensitivity, 7 nmol L-1, was noted for 4-AP.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000480499200086 Publication Date 2019-06-25  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-2700; 5206-882x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 6.32 Times cited 2 Open Access  
  Notes ; FWO and UA-BOF are acknowledged for financial support. The Center for Functional Materials of Seton Hall University is thanked for support (S.M.G. and E.N.C.). Joren Van Loon is thanked for the graphical abstract. This research was supported by the medium scale research infrastructure funding Hercules funding (SEM). ; Approved Most recent IF: 6.32  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:161831 Serial 5763  
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Author De Jong, M.; Florea, A.; Eliaerts, J.; Van Durme, F.; Samyn, N.; De Wael, K. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Tackling poor specificity of cocaine color tests by electrochemical strategies Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2018 Publication (up) Analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal Anal Chem  
  Volume 90 Issue 11 Pages 6811-6819  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract This paper presents electrochemical strategies for the fast screening of cocaine and most common cutting agents found in seized drug samples. First, a study on the performance of Scott color tests on cocaine and a wide range of cutting agents is described. The cutting agents causing false positive or false negative results when in mixture with cocaine are identified. To overcome the lack of specificity of color tests, we further propose a fast screening strategy by means of square wave voltammetry on disposable graphite screen printed electrodes, which reveals the unique fingerprint of cocaine and cutting agents. By employing a forward and backward scan and by a dual pH strategy, we enrich the electrochemical fingerprint and enable the simultaneous detection of cocaine and cutting agents. The effectiveness of the developed strategies was tested for the detection of cocaine in seized cocaine samples and compared with the color tests. Moreover, we prove the usefulness of square wave voltammetry for predicting possible interfering agents in color tests, based on the reduction peak of cobalt thiocyanate. The developed electrochemical strategies allow for a quick screening of seized cocaine samples resulting in a selective identification of drugs and cutting agents.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000434893200066 Publication Date 2018-05-09  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-2700; 5206-882x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 6.32 Times cited 7 Open Access  
  Notes ; This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 753223 Narcoreader. This work was also supported by Grants BR/314 /PI/APTADRU and IOF-SBO. ; Approved Most recent IF: 6.32  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:151316 Serial 5867  
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Author De Jong, M.; Sleegers, N.; Florea, A.; Van Loon, J.; van Nuijs, A.L.N.; Samyn, N.; De Wael, K. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Unraveling the mechanisms behind the complete suppression of cocaine electrochemical signals by chlorpromazine, promethazine, procaine, and dextromethorphan Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2019 Publication (up) Analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal Anal Chem  
  Volume 91 Issue 24 Pages 15453-15460  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Toxicological Centre; Product development  
  Abstract The present work investigates the challenges accompanied by the electrochemical cocaine detection in physiological conditions (pH 7) in the presence of chlorpromazine, promethazine, procaine, and dextromethorphan, frequently used cutting agents in cocaine street samples. The problem translates into the absence of the cocaine oxidation signal (signal suppression) when in a mixture with one of these compounds, leading to false negative results. Although a solution to this problem was provided through earlier experiments of our group, the mechanisms behind the suppression are now fundamentally investigated via electrochemical and liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) strategies. The latter was used to confirm the passivation of the electrodes due to their interaction with promethazine and chlorpromazine. Electron transfer mechanisms were further identified via linear sweep voltammetry. Next, adsorption experiments were performed on the graphite screen printed electrodes both with and without potential assistance in order to confirm if the suppression of the cocaine signals is due to passivation induced by the cutting agents or their oxidized products. The proposed strategies allowed us to identify the mechanisms of cocaine suppression for each cutting agent mentioned. Suppression due to procaine and dextromethorphan is caused by fouling of the electrode surface by their oxidized forms, while for chlorpromazine and promethazine the suppression of the cocaine signal is related to the strong adsorption of these (nonoxidized) cutting agents onto the graphite electrode surface. These findings provide fundamental insights in possible suppression and other interfering mechanisms using electrochemistry in general not only in the drug detection sector.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000503910600018 Publication Date 2019-11-14  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-2700; 5206-882x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 6.32 Times cited Open Access  
  Notes ; The authors acknowledge financial support from IOF-SBO/POC (UAntwerp) and the Fund for Scientific Research (FWO) Flanders, Grant 1S 37658 17N. ; Approved Most recent IF: 6.32  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:165727 Serial 5887  
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Author Ayalew, E.; Janssens, K.; De Wael, K. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Unraveling the reactivity of minium towards bicarbonate and the role of lead oxides therein Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2016 Publication (up) Analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal Anal Chem  
  Volume 88 Issue 3 Pages 1564-1569  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract Understanding the reactivity of (semiconductor) pigments provides vital information on how to improve conservation strategies for works of art in order to avoid rapid degradation of the pigments. This study focuses on the photoactivity of minium (Pb3O4), a semiconductor pigment, that gives rise to strong discoloration phenomena upon exposure to various environmental conditions. To demonstrate its photoactivity, an electrochemical setup with minium-modified graphite electrode (C|Pb3O4) was used. It is confirmed that minium is a p-type semiconductor which is photoactive during illumination and becomes inactive in the dark. Raman measurements confirm the formation of the degradation products. The photoactivity of a semiconductor pigment is partly defined by the presence of lead oxide (PbO) impurities; these introduce new states in the original band gap. It will be experi-mentally evidenced that the presence of PbO particles in minium leads to an upward shift of the valence band that reduces the band gap. Thus, upon photoexcitation, the electron/hole separation is more easily initialized. The PbO/Pb3O4 composite electrodes demonstrate a higher reductive photocurrent compared to the photocurrent registered at pure PbO or Pb3O4 modified electrodes. Upon exposure to light with energy close to and above the band gap, electrons are excited from the valence band to the conduction band to initialize the reduction of Pb(IV) to Pb(II), resulting in the initial formation of PbO. However in the presence of bicarbonate ions, a significantly higher photoreduction current is recorded since the PbO reacts further to form hydrocerussite. Therefore the presence of bicarbonates in the environment stimulates the photodecomposition process of minium and plays an important role in the degradation process.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000369471100014 Publication Date 2015-12-31  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-2700; 5206-882x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 6.32 Times cited 9 Open Access  
  Notes ; The authors acknowledge Sanne Aerts from the Laboratory of Adsorption and Catalysis (LADCA) of the University of Antwerp for her help with the UV-vis-DR. Financial support from the SOLARPAINT BOF-GOA project (University of Antwerp Research Council) is acknowledged. The authors are also indebted to F. Vanmeert for performing the XRD measurements. ; Approved Most recent IF: 6.32  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:129963 Serial 5888  
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Author De Wael, K.; Daems, D.; Van Camp, G.; Nagels, L.J. doi  openurl
  Title The use of potentiometric sensors to study (bio)molecular interactions Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2012 Publication (up) Analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal Anal Chem  
  Volume 84 Issue 11 Pages 4921-4927  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract Potentiometric sensors were used to study molecular interactions in liquid environments, with sensorgram methodology. This is demonstrated with a lipophilic rubber-, and with a collagen based hydrogel sensor coating. The investigated molecules were promazine and tartaric acid respectively. The sensors were placed in a hydrodynamic wall jet system for the recording of sensorgrams. mV sensor responses were first converted to a signal, expressing the concentration of adsorbed organic ions. Using a linearization method, a pseudo first order kinetic model of adsorption was shown to fit the experimental results perfectly. Kass, kon and koff values were calculated.. The technique can be used over 4 decades of concentration, and it is very sensitive to low MW compounds as well as to multiply charged large biomolecules. This study is the first to demonstrate the application of potentiometric sensors as an alternative and complement to SPR methods.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000304783100041 Publication Date 2012-04-28  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-2700; 5206-882x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 6.32 Times cited 10 Open Access  
  Notes ; Financial support for this work was provided by the University of Antwerp by granting D.D. a BOF interdisciplinary research project. We thank J. Everaert for his help in interpreting the results. K.D.W. and D.D. contributed equally to this work. ; Approved Most recent IF: 6.32; 2012 IF: 5.695  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:97520 Serial 5898  
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Author Schram, J.; Parrilla, M.; Sleegers, N.; Samyn, N.; Bijvoets, S.M.; Heerschop, M.W.J.; van Nuijs, A.L.N.; De Wael, K. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Identifying Electrochemical Fingerprints of Ketamine with Voltammetry and Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Its Detection in Seized Samples Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2020 Publication (up) Analytical Chemistry Abbreviated Journal Anal Chem  
  Volume 92 Issue 19 Pages 13485-13492  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Toxicological Centre  
  Abstract Herein, a straightforward electrochemical approach for the determination of ketamine in street samples and seizures is presented by employing screen-printed electrodes (SPE). Square wave voltammetry (SWV) is used to study the electrochemical behavior of the illicit drug, thus profiling the different oxidation states of the substance at different pHs. Besides, the oxidation pathway of ketamine on SPE is investigated for the first time with liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry. Under the optimized conditions, the calibration curve of ketamine at buffer solution (pH 12) exhibits a sensitivity of 8.2 μA μM–1, a linear relationship between 50 and 2500 μM with excellent reproducibility (RSD = 2.2%, at 500 μM, n = 7), and a limit of detection (LOD) of 11.7 μM. Subsequently, binary mixtures of ketamine with adulterants and illicit drugs are analyzed with SWV to investigate the electrochemical fingerprint. Moreover, the profile overlapping between different substances is addressed by the introduction of an electrode pretreatment and the integration of a tailor-made script for data treatment. Finally, the approach is tested on street samples from forensic seizures. Overall, this system allows for the on-site identification of ketamine by law enforcement agents in an easy-to-use and rapid manner on cargos and seizures, thereby disrupting the distribution channel and avoiding the illicit drug reaching the end-user.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000580426800091 Publication Date 2020-10-06  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-2700 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 7.4 Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Universiteit Antwerpen; H2020 Societal Challenges, 833787 ; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, 1S3765817N 1SB8120N ; Approved Most recent IF: 7.4; 2020 IF: 6.32  
  Call Number AXES @ axes @c:irua:170523 Serial 6435  
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Author Neven, L.; Barich, H.; Ching, H.Y.V.; Khan, S.U.; Colomier, C.; Patel, H.H.; Gorun, S.M.; Verbruggen, S.; Van Doorslaer, S.; De Wael, K. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Correlation between the fluorination degree of perfluorinated zinc phthalocyanines, their singlet oxygen generation ability, and their photoelectrochemical response for phenol sensing Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2022 Publication (up) Analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal Anal Chem  
  Volume 94 Issue 13 Pages 5221-5230  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Organic synthesis (ORSY); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL); Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab)  
  Abstract Electron-withdrawing perfluoroalkyl peripheral groups grafted on phthalocyanine (Pc) macrocycles improve their single-site isolation, solubility, and resistance to self-oxidation, all beneficial features for catalytic applications. A high degree of fluorination also enhances the reducibility of Pcs and could alter their singlet oxygen (1O2) photoproduction. The ethanol/toluene 20:80 vol % solvent mixture was found to dissolve perfluorinated FnPcZn complexes, n = 16, 52, and 64, and minimize the aggregation of the sterically unencumbered F16PcZn. The 1O2 production ability of FnPcZn complexes was examined using 9,10-dimethylanthracene (DMA) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (TEMP) in combination with UV–vis and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, respectively. While the photoreduction of F52PcZn and F64PcZn in the presence of redox-active TEMP lowered 1O2 production, DMA was a suitable 1O2 trap for ranking the complexes. The solution reactivity was complemented by solid-state studies via the construction of photoelectrochemical sensors based on TiO2-supported FnPcZn, FnPcZn|TiO2. Phenol photo-oxidation by 1O2, followed by its electrochemical reduction, defines a redox cycle, the 1O2 production having been found to depend on the value of n and structural features of the supported complexes. Consistent with solution studies, F52PcZn was found to be the most efficient 1O2 generator. The insights on reactivity testing and structural–activity relationships obtained may be useful for designing efficient and robust sensors and for other 1O2-related applications of FnPcZn.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000786254500002 Publication Date 2022-03-22  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-2700; 5206-882x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 7.4 Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 7.4  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:187522 Serial 7141  
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Author Khan, S.U.; Trashin, S.; Beltran, V.; Korostei, Y.S.; Pelmus, M.; Gorun, S.M.; Dubinina, T., V.; Verbruggen, S.W.; De Wael, K. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Photoelectrochemical behavior of phthalocyanine-sensitized TiO₂ in the presence of electron-shuttling mediators Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2022 Publication (up) Analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal Anal Chem  
  Volume 94 Issue 37 Pages 12723-12731  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL); Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab)  
  Abstract Dye-sensitized TiO(2 )has found many applications for dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC), solar-to-chemical energy conversion, water/air purification systems, and (electro)chemical sensors. We report an electrochemical system for testing dye-sensitized materials that can be utilized in photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors and energy conversion. Unlike related systems, the reported system does not require a direct electron transfer from semiconductors to electrodes. Rather, it relies on electron shuttling by redox mediators. A range of model photocatalytic materials were prepared using three different TiO2 materials (P25, P90, and PC500) and three sterically hindered phthalocyanines (Pcs) with electron-rich tert-butyl substituents (t-Bu4PcZn, t-Bu4PcAlCl, and t-Bu4PcH2). The materials were compared with previously developed TiO(2 )modified by electron-deficient, also sterically hindered fluorinated phthalocyanine F64PcZn, a singlet oxygen (O-1(2)) producer, as well as its metal-free derivative, F64PcH2. The PEC activity depended on the redox mediator, as well as the type of TiO2 and Pc. By comparing the responses of one-electron shuttles, such as K4Fe(CN)(4), and O-1(2)-reactive electron shuttles, such as phenol, it is possible to reveal the action mechanism of the supported photosensitizers, while the overall activity can be assessed using hydroquinone. t-Bu4PcAlCl showed significantly lower blank responses and higher specific responses toward chlorophenols compared to t-Bu4PcZn due to the electron-withdrawing effect of the Al3+ metal center. The combination of reactivity insights and the need for only microgram amounts of sensing materials renders the reported system advantageous for practical applications.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000855284300001 Publication Date 2022-09-12  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-2700; 5206-882x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 7.4 Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 7.4  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:190602 Serial 7190  
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Author Sleegers, N.; van Nuijs, A.L.N.; van den Berg, M.; De Wael, K. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Electrochemistry of intact versus degraded cephalosporin antibiotics facilitated by LC–MS analysis Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2021 Publication (up) Analytical Chemistry Abbreviated Journal Anal Chem  
  Volume 93 Issue 4 Pages 2394-2402  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Toxicological Centre  
  Abstract The electrochemical detection of cephalosporins is a promising approach for the monitoring of cephalosporin levels in process waters. However, this class of antibiotics, like penicillins, is composed of chemically active molecules and susceptible to hydrolysis and aminolysis of the four membered β-lactam ring present. In order to develop a smart monitoring strategy for cephalosporins, the influence of degradation (hydrolysis and aminolysis) on the electrochemical fingerprint has to be taken into account. Therefore, an investigation was carried out to understand the changes of the voltammetric fingerprints upon acidic and alkaline degradation. Changes in fingerprints were correlated to the degradation pathways through the combination of square wave voltammetry and liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight analysis. The characteristic electrochemical signals of the β-lactam ring disappeared upon hydrolysis. Additional oxidation signals that appeared after degradation were elucidated and linked to different degradation products, and therefore, enrich the voltammetric fingerprints with information of the state of the cephalosporins. The applicability of the electrochemical monitoring system was explored by the analysis of the intact and degraded industrial process waters containing the key intermediate 7-aminodeacetoxycephalosporanic acid (7-ADCA). Clearly, the intact process samples exhibited the expected core signals of 7-ADCA and could be quantified, while the degraded samples only showed the newly formed degradation products.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000618089100063 Publication Date 2021-01-04  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-2700; 5206-882x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 6.32 Times cited Open Access Not_Open_Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 6.32  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:176206 Serial 7864  
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Author Trashin, S.; Morales-Yánez, F.; Thiruvottriyur Shanmugam, S.; Paredis, L.; Carrión, E.N.; Sariego, I.; Muyldermans, S.; Polman, K.; Gorun, S.M.; De Wael, K. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Nanobody-based immunosensor detection enhanced by photocatalytic-electrochemical redox cycling Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2021 Publication (up) Analytical Chemistry Abbreviated Journal Anal Chem  
  Volume 93 Issue 40 Pages 13606-13614  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab)  
  Abstract Detection of antigenic biomarkers present in trace amounts is of crucial importance for medical diagnosis. A parasitic disease, human toxocariasis, lacks an adequate diagnostic method despite its worldwide occurrence. The currently used serology tests may stay positive even years after a possibly unnoticed infection, whereas the direct detection of a re-infection or a still active infection remains a diagnostic challenge due to the low concentration of circulating parasitic antigens. We report a time-efficient sandwich immunosensor using small recombinant single-domain antibodies (nanobodies) derived from camelid heavy-chain antibodies specific to Toxocara canis antigens. An enhanced sensitivity to pg/mL levels is achieved by using a redox cycle consisting of a photocatalytic oxidation and electrochemical reduction steps. The photocatalytic oxidation is achieved by a photosensitizer generating singlet oxygen (1O2) that, in turn, readily reacts with p-nitrophenol enzymatically produced under alkaline conditions. The photooxidation produces benzoquinone that is electrochemically reduced to hydroquinone, generating an amperometric response. The light-driven process could be easily separated from the background, thus making amperometric detection more reliable. The proposed method for detection of the toxocariasis antigen marker shows superior performances compared to other detection schemes with the same nanobodies and outperforms by at least two orders of magnitude the assays based on regular antibodies, thus suggesting new opportunities for electrochemical immunoassays of challenging low levels of antigens.  
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  Language Wos 000708550500025 Publication Date 2021-09-29  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-2700; 5206-882x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 6.32 Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 6.32  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:181795 Serial 8290  
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Author Steijlen, A.S.M.; Parrilla, M.; Van Echelpoel, R.; De Wael, K. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Dual microfluidic sensor system for enriched electrochemical profiling and identification of illicit drugs on-site Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2024 Publication (up) Analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 96 Issue 1 Pages 590-598  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab)  
  Abstract Electrochemical sensors have emerged as a new analytical tool for illicit drug detection to facilitate ultrafast and accurate identification of suspicious compounds on-site. Drugs of abuse can be identified using their unique voltammetric fingerprint at a given pH. Today, the right buffer solution is manually selected based on drug appearance, and in some cases, a consecutive analysis in two different pH solutions is required. In this work, we present a disposable microfluidic multichannel sensor system that automatically records fingerprints in two pH solutions (e.g., pH 5 and pH 12). This system has two advantages. It will overcome the manual selection of a buffer solution at the right pH, decrease analysis time, and minimize the risk of human errors. Second, the combination of two fingerprints, the superfingerprint, contains more detailed information about the samples, which enhances the selectivity of the analytical technique. First, real-time pH measurements proved that the sample can be brought to the desired pH within a minute. Subsequently, an electrochemical study on the microfluidic platform with 1 mM illicit drug standards of MDMA, cocaine, heroin, and methamphetamine showed that the characteristic voltammetric fingerprints and peak potentials are reproducible, also in the presence of common cutting agents. Finally, the microfluidic concept was validated with real confiscated samples, showing promising results for the user-friendly identification of drugs of abuse. In short, this paper presents a successful proof-of-concept study of a multichannel microfluidic sensor system to enrich the fingerprints of illicit drugs at pH 5 and pH 12, thus providing a low-cost, portable, and rapid identification system of illicit drugs with minimal user intervention.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 001139443500001 Publication Date 2023-12-28  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-2700; 5206-882x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 7.4 Times cited Open Access Not_Open_Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 7.4; 2024 IF: 6.32  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:201877 Serial 9024  
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Author Hrdlickova Kuckova, S.; Hamidi-Asl, E.; Sofer, Z.; Marvan, P.; De Wael, K.; Sanyova, J.; Janssens, K. url  doi
openurl 
  Title A simplified protocol for usage of new immuno-SERS probes for detection of casein, collagens and ovalbumin in cross-sections of artworks Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2018 Publication (up) Analytical methods Abbreviated Journal Anal Methods-Uk  
  Volume 10 Issue 9 Pages 1054-1062  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract Although it is now relatively straightforward to identify protein binders in works of art, their proper localization within the corresponding layer still represents a significant analytical challenge. Until now, the identification of proteins has mainly been performed by peptide mass fingerprinting using mass spectrometric methods and their localization in polished paint cross-sections have been realized by optical microscopy via the use of fluorescent stain Sypro Ruby (SR). In this work we propose a simplified protocol for immuno-surface enhanced Raman scattering (immuno-SERS) using gold nanoparticles attached to biphenyl-4,4-dithiol (BPDT) as the SERS-nanotag. These nanoparticles are easily obtainable in the lab and have been used to label multilayered mock up samples prepared as cross-sections to estimate the detection limits of the suggested method. The layers contain egg, casein, and different animal glues binders (prepared in various ratios with linseed oil or a carbohydrate component) mixed with the pigments azurite, vermilion and chalk. The sensitivity of staining agent SR is compared to that of the immuno-SERS protocol for the first time.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000426696100017 Publication Date 2018-02-02  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1759-9660 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 1.9 Times cited 3 Open Access  
  Notes ; The authors wish to acknowledge the Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen) for the support to act as a Postdoctoral Fellow – Pegasus of the Research Foundation – Flanders, and the grant from Specific University research (MSMT No. 20/2017) from the Czech Republic. This work was supported by the project Advanced Functional Nanorobots (reg. No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15_003/ 0000444 financed by the EFRR). Zdenek Sofer and Petr Marvan were supported by specific university research (MSMT No. 20-SVV/2018). ; Approved Most recent IF: 1.9  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:148803 Serial 5831  
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Author Beltran, V.; Marchetti, A.; Nuyts, G.; Leeuwestein, M.; Sandt, C.; Borondics, F.; De Wael, K. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Nanoscale analysis of historical paintings by means of O‐PTIR spectroscopy : the identification of the organic particles in L’Arlésienne (portrait of Madame Ginoux) by Van Gogh Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2021 Publication (up) Angewandte Chemie-International Edition Abbreviated Journal Angew Chem Int Edit  
  Volume 60 Issue 42 Pages 22753-22760  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract Optical-photothermal infrared (O-PTIR) spectroscopy is a recently developed technique that provides spectra comparable to traditional transmission FTIR spectroscopy with nanometric spatial resolution. Hence, O-PTIR is a promising candidate for the analysis of historical paintings, as well as other cultural heritage objects, but its potential has not yet been evaluated.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000694015700001 Publication Date 2021-06-24  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1433-7851; 0570-0833 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 11.994 Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 11.994  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:179989 Serial 8291  
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Author Anaf, W.; Janssens, K.; De Wael, K. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Formation of metallic mercury during photodegradation/photodarkening of \alpha-HgS : electrochemical evidence Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2013 Publication (up) Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English Abbreviated Journal Angew Chem Int Edit  
  Volume 52 Issue 48 Pages 12568-12571  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract Das rote Pigment α-HgS neigt in Gegenwart von Licht und Chloridionen zur Schwärzung. Als Grund für die Zersetzung und Entfärbung werden die Bildung von (schwarzem) β-HgS oder Quecksilbermetall vermutet, doch diese Substanzen wurden noch nicht auf natürlich oder künstlich zersetzter HgS-Farbe nachgewiesen. Elektrochemische Experimente belegen nun die Bildung von Quecksilbermetall in Gegenwart von Licht und Chloridionen.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000327582900015 Publication Date 2013-10-04  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1433-7851; 0570-0833 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 11.994 Times cited 19 Open Access  
  Notes ; The authors acknowledge L. Klaassen for valuable discussions and providing samples. We acknowledge financial support from the SDD programme (S2-ART project) of the Belgian Federal Goverment. ; Approved Most recent IF: 11.994; 2013 IF: 11.336  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:111265 Serial 5626  
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Author Van Hal, M.; Campos, R.; Lenaerts, S.; De Wael, K.; Verbruggen, S.W. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Gas phase photofuel cell consisting of WO₃- and TiO₂-photoanodes and an air-exposed cathode for simultaneous air purification and electricity generation Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2021 Publication (up) Applied Catalysis B-Environmental Abbreviated Journal Appl Catal B-Environ  
  Volume 292 Issue Pages 120204  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)  
  Abstract Research has shown the potential of photofuel cells (PFCs) for waste water treatment, enabling the (partial) recovery of the energy released from the degraded compounds as electricity. Literature on PFCs targeting air pollution on the other hand is extremely scarce. In this work an autonomously operating air purification device targeting sustainable electricity generation is presented. Knowledge on gas phase operation of PFCs was gathered by combining photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical measurements, both for TiO2 and WO3-based photocatalysts. While TiO2-based photocatalysts performed better in direct photocatalytic experiments, they were outperformed by WO3-based photoanodes in all-gas-phase PFC operation. Not only do WO3-based photocatalysts generate the highest steady state photocurrent, they also achieved the highest fuel-to-electricity conversion (>65 %). The discrepancies between gas phase photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical processes highlight the difference in driving material properties. This study serves as a proof-of-concept towards development of an autonomous, low-cost and widely applicable waste gas-to-electricity PFC device.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000663216500001 Publication Date 2021-04-06  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0926-3373 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 9.446 Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 9.446  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:177075 Serial 7989  
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Author 't Hart, L.; Storme, P.; Anaf, W.; Nuyts, G.; Vanmeert, F.; Dorriné, W.; Janssens, K.; De Wael, K.; Schalm, O. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Monitoring the impact of the indoor air quality on silver cultural heritage objects using passive and continuous corrosion rate assessments Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2016 Publication (up) Applied physics A : materials science & processing Abbreviated Journal Appl Phys A-Mater  
  Volume 122 Issue 10 Pages 923-10  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)  
  Abstract There is a long tradition in evaluating industrial atmospheres by measuring the corrosion rate of exposed metal coupons. The heritage community also uses this method, but the interpretation of the corrosion rate often lacks clarity due to the low corrosivity in indoor museum environments. This investigation explores the possibilities and drawbacks of different silver corrosion rate assessments. The corrosion rate is determined by three approaches: (1) chemical characterization of metal coupons using analytical techniques such as electrochemical measurements, SEM-EDX, XRD, and µ-Raman spectroscopy, (2) continuous corrosion monitoring methods based on electrical resistivity loss of a corroding nm-sized metal wire and weight gain of a corroding silver coated quartz crystal, and (3) characterization of the visual degradation of the metal coupons. This study confirms that subtle differences in corrosivity between locations inside a museum can be determined on condition that the same corrosion rate assessment is used. However, the impact of the coupon orientation with respect to the prevailing direction of air circulation can be substantially larger than the impact of the coupon location.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000384753800053 Publication Date 2016-09-28  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0947-8396 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 1.455 Times cited 3 Open Access  
  Notes ; This research has been sponsored by the Belgian Federal Public Planning Service Science Policy (BELSPO) under Project Number BR/132/A6/AIRCHECQ. In this project an innovative monitoring kit is developed that continuously and simultaneously measures both environmental parameters and material behaviour, enabling the study of the cause-effect relationships. The Quanta 250 FEG microscope at the University of Antwerp was funded by the Hercules foundation of the Flemish Government. ; Approved Most recent IF: 1.455  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:135511 Serial 5733  
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Author Sathiyamoorthy, S.; Girijakumari, G.; Kannan, P.; Venugopal, K.; Thiruvottriyur Shanmugam, S.; Veluswamy, P.; De Wael, K.; Ikeda, H. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Tailoring the functional properties of polyurethane foam with dispersions of carbon nanofiber for power generator applications Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2018 Publication (up) Applied surface science Abbreviated Journal Appl Surf Sci  
  Volume 449 Issue 449 Pages 507-513  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract To produce effective thermoelectric nanocomposites, carbon nanofibers (CNF) incorporated polyurethane (PU) foams with nanocomposites are prepared via in-situ polymerization method to create a synergy that would produce a high thermopower. The formation mechanism of foams, the reaction kinetics, and the physical properties such as density and water absorption studied before and after CNF incorporation. The microscopy images showed a uniform dispersion of CNF in the PU matrix of the prepared foams. Spectroscopic studies such as X-ray photoelectron and laser Raman spectroscopy suggested the existence of a tight intermolecular binding interaction between the carbon nanofibers and the PU matrix in the prepared composite foams. It found that the thermopower is directly dependent on the concentration of carbon nanofiber since, with rising concentration of 1%3%, the coefficient values increased from 1.2 μV/K to 11.9 μV/K respectively, a value higher than that of earlier report. This unique nanocomposite offers a new opportunity to recycle waste heat in portable/wearable electronics and other applications, which will broaden the development of low weight and mechanical flexibility.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000438025400064 Publication Date 2018-02-06  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0169-4332 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 3.387 Times cited 4 Open Access  
  Notes ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 3.387  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:151287 Serial 5868  
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Author Castanheiro, A.; Hofman, J.; Nuyts, G.; Joosen, S.; Spassov, S.; Blust, R.; Lenaerts, S.; De Wael, K.; Samson, R. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Leaf accumulation of atmospheric dust : biomagnetic, morphological and elemental evaluation using SEM, ED-XRF and HR-ICP-MS Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2020 Publication (up) Atmospheric Environment Abbreviated Journal Atmos Environ  
  Volume 221 Issue 221 Pages 117082  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)  
  Abstract Atmospheric dust deposition on plants enables the collection of site-specific particulate matter (PM). Knowing the morphology and composition of PM aids in disclosing their emitting sources as well as the associated human health risk. Therefore, this study aimed for a leaf-level holistic analysis of dust accumulation on plant leaves. Plant species (ivy and strawberry) with distinct leaf macro- and micro-morphology were exposed during 3 months at a moderate road traffic site in Antwerp, Belgium. Leaves collected every three weeks were analyzed for their magnetic signature, morphology and elemental content, by a combination of techniques (biomagnetic analyses, ED-XRF, HR-ICP-MS, SEM). Dust accumulation on the leaves was observed both visually (SEM) and magnetically, while the metal enrichment was limited (only evident for Cr) and more variable over time. Temporal dynamics during the second half of the exposure period, due to precipitation events and reduction of atmospheric pollution input, were evidenced in our results (elements/magnetically/SEM). Ivy accumulated more dust than strawberry leaves and seemed less susceptible to wash-off, even though strawberry leaves contain trichomes and a rugged micromorphology, leaf traits considered to be important for capturing PM. The magnetic enrichment (in small-grained, SD/PSD magnetite particles), on the other hand, was not species-specific, indicating a common contributing source. Variations in pollution contributions, meteorological phenomena, leaf traits, particle deposition (and encapsulation) versus micronutrients depletion, are discussed in light of the conducted monitoring campaign. Although not completely elucidative, the complex, multifactorial process of leaf dust accumulation can better be understood through a combination of techniques.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000503097100001 Publication Date 2019-11-03  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1352-2310 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 5 Times cited Open Access  
  Notes ; The authors thank the Flemish Environment Agency (VMM) for their collaboration and air quality and meteorological data, and Karen Wuyts for the discussion about plant leaf characteristics. A.C. gratefully acknowledges the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) for her PhD fellowship (1S21418N). J.H. received a FWO postdoctoral fellowship grant (1214816N). ; Approved Most recent IF: 5; 2020 IF: 3.629  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:165458 Serial 5691  
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Author Wuyts, K.; Hofman, J.; van Wittenberghe, S.; Nuyts, G.; De Wael, K.; Samson, R. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title A new opportunity for biomagnetic monitoring of particulate pollution in an urban environment using tree branches Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2018 Publication (up) Atmospheric environment : an international journal Abbreviated Journal Atmos Environ  
  Volume 190 Issue 190 Pages 177-187  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract Environmental magnetism, and the magnetic leaf signal in particular, is amply investigated and applied as proxy for atmospheric particulate matter pollution. In this study, we investigated the magnetic signal of annual segments of tree branches, and the composition of particles deposited hereon. Branches are, contrary to leaves of deciduous trees, available during leaf-off seasons and exposed to air pollution year-round. We examined the intra- and inter-tree variation in saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM) of branch internodes of London plane (Platanus x aeerifolia Willd.) trees in an urban environment. The branch SIRM, normalized by surface area, ranged from 18 to 650 x 10(-6) angstrom; the median amounted to 106 x 10(-6) angstrom. Most of the branch magnetic signal was attributed to the epidermis or bark, and the presence of metal-containing particles on the branch surfaces was confirmed by SEM-EDX. The location of the trees and the height, the depth in the crown and the age of the branches significantly influenced the branch SIRM. The median branch SIRM was up to 135% higher near a busy ring road than in quiet environments (city park and quiet street canyon), and was linked to the presence of Fe-rich particles with co-occurrence of trace metals such as Cr, Cu, Zn and Mn on the branch surface. Within the tree crowns, the branch SIRM generally decreased with increasing height, and was 22% higher in the interior than at the periphery of the crowns. Within the branches, the SIRM increased with each year of exposure, but did not relate to year-to-year variation in particle concentrations due to branch surface changes (epidermis shedding). Our results provide indications that branches can be a valuable alternative for biomagnetic monitoring of particulate pollution, but intra-tree variability in branch SIRM can be substantial due to the branch's location in the tree and branch age.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000444659400017 Publication Date 2018-07-11  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1352-2310 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 3.629 Times cited 3 Open Access  
  Notes ; We would like to thank the city council services of the city of Antwerp for their logistical support. We are grateful to Ana Castanheiro and Leen Van Ham for laboratory and SEM assistance. JH is supported as postdoctoral fellow of the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO; 12I4816N) and SVW is supported by a Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship under the grant agreement no 701815 FLUOPHOT. ; Approved Most recent IF: 3.629  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:153607 Serial 5454  
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Author Borhani, A.H.; Berghmans, H.; Trashin, S.; De Wael, K.; Fago, A.; Moens, L.; Habibi-Rezaei, M.; Dewilde, S. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Kinetic properties and heme pocket structure of two domains of the polymeric hemoglobin of Artemia in comparison with the native molecule Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2015 Publication (up) Biochimica et biophysica acta : proteins and proteomics Abbreviated Journal Bba-Proteins Proteom  
  Volume 1854 Issue 10a Pages 1307-1316  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract In this project, we studied some physicochemical properties of two different globin domains of the polymeric hemoglobin of the brine shrimp Artemia salina and compared them with those of the native molecule. Two domains (AsHbC1D1 and AsHbC1D5) were cloned and expressed in BL21(DE3)pLysS strain of Escherichiacoli. The recombinant proteins as well as the native hemoglobin (AfHb) were purified from bacteria and frozen Artemia, respectively by standard chromatographic methods and assessed by SDS-PAGE. The heme environment of these proteins was studied by optical spectroscopy and ligand-binding kinetics (e.g. CO association and O2 binding affinity) were measured for the two recombinant proteins and the native hemoglobin. This indicates that the CO association rate for AsHbC1D1 is higher than that of AsHbC1D5 and AfHb, while the calculated P50 value for AsHbC1D1 is lower than that of AsHbC1D5 and AfHb. The geminate and bimolecular rebinding parameters indicate a significant difference between both domains. Moreover, EPR results showed that the heme pocket in AfHb is in a more closed conformation than the heme pocket in myoglobin. Finally, the reduction potential of − 0.13 V versus the standard hydrogen electrode was determined for AfHb by direct electrochemical measurements. It is about 0.06 V higher than the potential of the single domain AsHbC1D5. This work shows that each domain in the hemoglobin of Artemia has different characteristics of ligand binding.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000362307500008 Publication Date 2015-05-22  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1570-9639 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record  
  Impact Factor 2.773 Times cited Open Access  
  Notes ; This work was supported by the general grant for visiting scholar of the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology of I. R. Iran and by the University of Antwerp. ; Approved Most recent IF: 2.773; 2015 IF: 2.747  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:125909 Serial 5683  
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Author Moro, G.; Bottari, F.; Liberi, S.; Covaceuszach, S.; Cassetta, A.; Angelini, A.; De Wael, K.; Moretto, L.M. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Covalent immobilization of delipidated human serum albumin on poly(pyrrole-2-carboxylic) acid film for the impedimetric detection of perfluorooctanoic acid Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2020 Publication (up) Bioelectrochemistry Abbreviated Journal Bioelectrochemistry  
  Volume 134 Issue Pages 107540  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract The immobilization of biomolecules at screen printed electrodes for biosensing applications is still an open challenge. To enrich the toolbox of bioelectrochemists, graphite screen printed electrodes (G-SPE) were modified with an electropolymerized film of pyrrole-2-carboxilic acid (Py-2-COOH), a pyrrole derivative rich in carboxylic acid functional groups. These functionalities are suitable for the covalent immobilization of biomolecular recognition layers. The electropolymerization was first optimized to obtain stable and conductive polymeric films, comparing two different electrolytes: sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and sodium perchlorate. The G-SPE modified with Py-2-COOH in 0.1 M SDS solution showed the required properties and were further tested. A proof-of-concept study for the development of an impedimetric sensor for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was carried out using the delipidated human serum albumin (hSA) as bioreceptor. The data interpretation was supported by size exclusion chromatography and small-angle X-ray scattering (SEC-SAXS) analysis of the bioreceptor-target complex and the preliminary results suggest the possibility to further develop this biosensing strategy for toxicological and analytical studies.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000579727300004 Publication Date 2020-04-27  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1567-5394 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 5 Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 5; 2020 IF: 3.346  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:172494 Serial 6477  
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Author De Wael, K.; Bashir, Q.; van Vlierberghe, S.; Dubruel, P.; Heering, H.A.; Adriaens, A. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Electrochemical determination of hydrogen peroxide with cytochrome c peroxidase and horse heart cytochrome c entrapped in a gelatin hydrogel Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2012 Publication (up) Bioelectrochemistry: an international journal devoted to electrochemical aspects of biology and biological aspects of electrochemistry Abbreviated Journal Bioelectrochemistry  
  Volume 83 Issue Pages 15-18  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract A novel and versatile method, based on a membrane-free enzyme electrode in which both the enzyme and a mediator protein are entrapped in a gelatine hydrogel was developed for the fabrication of biosensors. As a proof of principle, we prepared a hydrogen peroxide biosensor by successfully entrapping both horse heart cytochrome c (HHC) and Saccharomyces cerevisae cytochrome c peroxidase (CCP) in a gelatin matrix which is immobilized on a gold electrode. This electrode was first pretreated with 6-mercaptohexanol. The biosensor displayed a rapid response and an expanded linear response range from 0 to 0.3 mM (R = 0.987) with a detection limit of 1 × 10− 5 M in a HEPES buffer solution (pH 7.0). This method of encapsulation is now further investigated for industrial biosensor applications.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000297962500003 Publication Date 2011-08-03  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1567-5394 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 3.346 Times cited 31 Open Access  
  Notes ; Karolien De Wael is grateful to the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO, Belgium) for her postdoctoral fellowship. ; Approved Most recent IF: 3.346; 2012 IF: 3.947  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:92067 Serial 5589  
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Author Campos, R.; Thiruvottriyur Shanmugam, S.; Daems, E.; Ribeiro, R.; De Wael, K. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Development of an electrochemiluminescent oligonucleotide-based assay for the quantification of prostate cancer associated miR-141-3p in human serum Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2023 Publication (up) Bioelectrochemistry: an international journal devoted to electrochemical aspects of biology and biological aspects of electrochemistry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 153 Issue Pages 108495-108496  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab)  
  Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small oligonucleotides (18–25 bases), biologically relevant for epigenetic regulation of key processes, particularly in association with cancer. Research effort has therefore been directed towards the monitoring and detection of miRNAs to progress (early) cancer diagnoses. Traditional detection strategies for miRNAs are expensive, with a lengthy time-to-result. In this study we develop an oligonucleotide-based assay using electrochemistry for the specific, selective and sensitive detection of a circulating miRNA (miR-141) associated with prostate cancer. In the assay, the excitation and readout of the signal are independent: an electrochemical stimulation followed by an optical readout. A ‘sandwich’ approach is incorporated, consisting of a biotinylated capture probe immobilised on streptavidin-functionalised surfaces and a detection probe labelled with digoxigenin. We show that the assay allows the detection of miR-141 in human serum, even in the presence of other miRNAs, with a LOD of 0.25 pM. The developed electrochemiluminescent assay has, therefore, the potential for efficient universal oligonucleotide target detection via the redesign of capture and detection probes.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 001031760700001 Publication Date 2023-06-30  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1567-5394 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record  
  Impact Factor 5 Times cited Open Access Not_Open_Access: Available from 01.01.2024  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 5; 2023 IF: 3.346  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:197615 Serial 8849  
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Author Moro, G.; Campos, R.; Daems, E.; Moretto, L.M.; De Wael, K. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Haem-mediated albumin biosensing : towards voltammetric detection of PFOA Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2023 Publication (up) Bioelectrochemistry: an international journal devoted to electrochemical aspects of biology and biological aspects of electrochemistry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 152 Issue Pages 108428-7  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab)  
  Abstract The haem group is a promising redox probe for the design of albumin-based voltammetric sensors. Among the endogenous ligands carried by human serum albumin (hSA), haem is characterised by a reversible redox behaviour and its binding kinetics strongly depend on hSA’s conformation, which, in turn, depends on the presence of other ligands. In this work, the potential applicability of haem, especially hemin, as a redox probe was first tested in a proof-of-concept study using perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) as model analyte. PFOA is known to bind hSA by occupying Sudlow’s I site (FA7) which is spatially related to the haem-binding site (FA1). The latter undergoes a conformational change, which is expected to affect hemin’s binding kinetics. To verify this hypothesis, hemin:albumin complexes in the presence/absence of PFOA were first screened by UV–Vis spectroscopy. Once the complex formation was verified, haem was further characterised via electrochemical methods to estimate its electron transfer kinetics. The hemin:albumin:PFOA system was studied in solution, with the aim of describing the multiple equilibria at stake and designing an electrochemical assay for PFOA monitoring. This latter could be integrated with protein-based bioremediation approaches for the treatment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances polluted waters. Overall, our preliminary results show how hemin can be applied as a redox probe in albumin-based voltammetric sensing strategies.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000971630400001 Publication Date 2023-03-27  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1567-5394 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record  
  Impact Factor 5 Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 5; 2023 IF: 3.346  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:195069 Serial 8876  
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Author Pankratov, D.; Hidalgo Martinez, S.; Karman, C.; Gerzhik, A.; Gomila, G.; Trashin, S.; Boschker, H.T.S.; Geelhoed, J.S.; Mayer, D.; De Wael, K.; Meysman, F.J.R. url  doi
openurl 
  Title The organo-metal-like nature of long-range conduction in cable bacteria Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2024 Publication (up) Bioelectrochemistry: an international journal devoted to electrochemical aspects of biology and biological aspects of electrochemistry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 157 Issue Pages 108675-10  
  Keywords A1 Journal article  
  Abstract Cable bacteria are filamentous, multicellular microorganisms that display an exceptional form of biological electron transport across centimeter-scale distances. Currents are guided through a network of nickel-containing protein fibers within the cell envelope. Still, the mechanism of long-range conduction remains unresolved. Here, we characterize the conductance of the fiber network under dry and wet, physiologically relevant, conditions. Our data reveal that the fiber conductivity is high (median value: 27 S cm−1; range: 2 to 564 S cm−1), does not show any redox signature, has a low thermal activation energy (Ea = 69 ± 23 meV), and is not affected by humidity or the presence of ions. These features set the nickel-based conduction mechanism in cable bacteria apart from other known forms of biological electron transport. As such, conduction resembles that of an organic semi-metal with a high charge carrier density. Our observation that biochemistry can synthesize an organo-metal-like structure opens the way for novel bio-based electronic technologies.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date 2024-02-25  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1567-5394 ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor 5 Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 5; 2024 IF: 3.346  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:205117 Serial 9215  
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Author Thiruvottriyur Shanmugam, S.; Campos, R.; Trashin, S.; Daems, E.; Carneiro, D.; Fraga, A.; Ribeiro, R.; De Wael, K. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Singlet oxygen-based photoelectrochemical detection of miRNAs in prostate cancer patients’ plasma : a novel diagnostic tool for liquid biopsy Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2024 Publication (up) Bioelectrochemistry: an international journal devoted to electrochemical aspects of biology and biological aspects of electrochemistry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 158 Issue Pages 108698-108699  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab)  
  Abstract Dysregulation of miRNA expression occurs in many cancers, making miRNAs useful in cancer diagnosis and therapeutic guidance. In a clinical context using methods such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the limited amount of miRNAs in circulation often limits their quantification. Here, we present a PCR-free and sensitive singlet oxygen (1O2)-based strategy for the detection and quantification of miRNAs in untreated human plasma from patients diagnosed with prostate cancer. A target miRNA is specifically captured by functionalised magnetic beads and a detection oligonucleotide probe in a sandwich-like format. The formed complex is concentrated at the sensor surface via magnetic beads, providing an interface for the photoinduced redox signal amplification. The detection oligonucleotide probe bears a molecular photosensitiser, which produces 1O2 upon illumination, oxidising a redox reporter and creating a redox cycling loop, allowing quantification of pM level miRNA in diluted human plasma within minutes after hybridisation and without target amplification.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date 2024-04-04  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1567-5394 ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor 5 Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 5; 2024 IF: 3.346  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:205281 Serial 9229  
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Author De Wael, K.; De Belder, S.; Pilehar, S.; Van Steenberge, G.; Herrebout, W.; Heering, H.A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Enzyme-gelatin electrochemical biosensors : scaling down Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2012 Publication (up) Biosensors Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 2 Issue Pages 101-113  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Molecular Spectroscopy (MolSpec)  
  Abstract In this article we investigate the possibility of scaling down enzyme-gelatin modified electrodes by spin coating the enzyme-gelatin layer. Special attention is given to the electrochemical behavior of the selected enzymes inside the gelatin matrix. A glassy carbon electrode was used as a substrate to immobilize, in the first instance, horse heart cytochrome c (HHC) in a gelatin matrix. Both a drop dried and a spin coated layer was prepared. On scaling down, a transition from diffusion controlled reactions towards adsorption controlled reactions is observed. Compared to a drop dried electrode, a spin coated electrode showed a more stable electrochemical behavior. Next to HHC, we also incorporated catalase in a spin coated gelatin matrix immobilized on a glassy carbon electrode. By spincoating, highly uniform sub micrometer layers of biocompatible matrices can be constructed. A full electrochemical study and characterization of the modified surfaces has been carried out. It was clear that in the case of catalase, gluteraldehyde addition was needed to prevent leaking of the catalase from the gelatin matrix.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date 2012-03-15  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2079-6374 ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:96507 Serial 5606  
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Author Pilehvar, S.; De Wael, K. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Recent advances in electrochemical biosensors based on fullerene-C60 nano-structured platforms Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2015 Publication (up) Biosensors Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 5 Issue 4 Pages 712-735  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract Nanotechnology is becoming increasingly important in the field of (bio)sensors. The performance and sensitivity of biosensors is greatly improved with the integration of nanomaterials into their construction. Since its first discovery, fullerene-C60 has been the object of extensive research. Its unique and favorable characteristics of easy chemical modification, conductivity, and electrochemical properties has led to its tremendous use in (bio)sensor applications. This paper provides a concise review of advances in fullerene-C60 research and its use as a nanomaterial for the development of biosensors. We examine the research work reported in the literature on the synthesis, functionalization, approaches to nanostructuring electrodes with fullerene, and outline some of the exciting applications in the field of (bio)sensing.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date 2015-11-24  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2079-6374 ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:129157 Serial 5805  
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Author Pilehvar, S.; Rather, J.A.; Dardenne, F.; Robbens, J.; Blust, R.; De Wael, K. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Carbon nanotubes based electrochemical aptasensing platform for the detection of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl in human blood serum Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication (up) Biosensors and bioelectronics Abbreviated Journal Biosens Bioelectron  
  Volume 54 Issue Pages 78-84  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract A novel strategy to sense target molecules in human blood serum is achieved by immobilizing aptamers (APTs) on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) modified electrodes. In this work, the aminated aptamer selected for hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl (OHPCB) was covalently immobilized on the surface of the MWCNTCOOH modified glassy carbon electrode through amide linkage. The aptamers function as recognition probes for OHPCB by the binding induced folding of the aptamer. The developed aptasensing device was characterized by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The aptasensor displayed excellent performance for OHPCB detection with a linear range from 0.16 to 7.5 μM. The sensitivity of the developed aptasensing platform is improved (1×10−8 M) compared to the published report (1×10−6 M) for the determination of OH-PCB (Turner et al., 2007). The better performance of the sensor is due to the unique platform, i.e. the presence of APTs onto electrodes and the combination with nanomaterials. The aptamer density on the electrode surface was estimated by chronocoulometry and was found to be 1.4×1013 molecules cm−2. The validity of the method and applicability of the aptasensor was successfully evaluated by the detection of OHPCB in a blood serum sample. The described approach for aptasensing opens up new perspectives in the field of biomonitoring providing a device with acceptable stability, high sensitivity, good accuracy and precision.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000333071500012 Publication Date 2013-11-01  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0956-5663 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 7.78 Times cited 40 Open Access  
  Notes ; We are thankful to UA-DOCPRO and BELSPO for financial support (respectively S. Pilehvar and J. Ahmad Rather). We also thank Prof. A. Covaci (UA) for the kind gift of human blood serum samples. Special thanks to Prof. L Van Vaeck and Y. Vercammen (UA) for AFM imaging and Prof. V. Meynen and M. Kus (LADCA, UA) for performing IR measurements. ; Approved Most recent IF: 7.78; 2014 IF: 6.409  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:111262 Serial 5495  
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