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Author Privat-Maldonado, A.; Gorbanev, Y.; Dewilde, S.; Smits, E.; Bogaerts, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Reduction of Human Glioblastoma Spheroids Using Cold Atmospheric Plasma: The Combined Effect of Short- and Long-Lived Reactive Species Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2018 Publication Cancers Abbreviated Journal Cancers  
  Volume 10 Issue 11 Pages 394  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a promising technology against multiple types of cancer. However, the current findings on the effect of CAP on two-dimensional glioblastoma cultures do not consider the role of the tumour microenvironment. The aim of this study was to determine the ability of CAP to reduce and control glioblastoma spheroid tumours in vitro . Three-dimensional glioblastoma spheroid tumours (U87-Red, U251-Red) were consecutively treated directly and indirectly with a CAP using dry He, He + 5% H 2 O or He + 20% H 2 O. The cytotoxicity and spheroid shrinkage were monitored using live imaging. The reactive oxygen and nitrogen species produced in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) were measured by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and colourimetry. Cell migration was also assessed. Our results demonstrate that consecutive CAP treatments (He + 20% H 2 O) substantially shrank U87-Red spheroids and to a lesser degree, U251-Red spheroids. The cytotoxic effect was due to the short- and long-lived species delivered by CAP: they inhibited spheroid growth, reduced cell migration and decreased proliferation in CAP-treated spheroids. Direct treatments were more effective than indirect treatments, suggesting the importance of CAP-generated, short-lived species for the growth inhibition and cell cytotoxicity of solid glioblastoma tumours. We concluded that CAP treatment can effectively reduce glioblastoma tumour size and restrict cell migration, thus demonstrating the potential of CAP therapies for glioblastoma.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000451307700001 Publication Date 2018-10-23  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2072-6694 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes The authors thank Paul Cos (Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp) for providing EPR equipment and Christophe Hermans for his help with the immunohistochemical experiments. Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:154871 Serial 5065  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Shah, J.; Wang, W.; Bogaerts, A.; Carreon, M.L. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Ammonia Synthesis by Radio Frequency Plasma Catalysis: Revealing the Underlying Mechanisms Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2018 Publication ACS applied energy materials Abbreviated Journal ACS Appl. Energy Mater.  
  Volume 1 Issue 9 Pages 4824-4839  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract Nonthermal plasma is a promising alternative for ammonia synthesis at gentle conditions. Metal meshes of Fe, Cu, Pd, Ag, and Au were employed as catalysts in radio frequency plasma for ammonia synthesis. The energy yield for all these transition metal catalysts ranged between 0.12 and 0.19 g-NH3/kWh at 300 W and, thus, needs further improvement. In addition, a semimetal, pure gallium, was used for the first time as catalyst for ammonia synthesis, with energy yield of 0.22 g-NH3/kWh and with a maximum yield of ∼10% at 150 W. The emission spectra, as well as computer simulations, revealed hydrogen recombination as a primary governing parameter, which depends on the concentration or flux of H atoms in the plasma and on the catalyst surface. The simulations helped to elucidate the underlying mechanism, implicating the dominance of surface reactions and surface adsorbed species. The rate limiting step appears to be NH2 formation on the surface of the reactor wall and on the catalyst surface, which is different from classical catalysis.  
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  Language Wos 000458706500048 Publication Date 2018-09-24  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2574-0962 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access Not_Open_Access  
  Notes M.L.C. acknowledges financial support from The University of Tulsa Faculty Startup Funds and The University of Tulsa Faculty Development Summer Fellowship Grant (FDSF). A.B. acknowledges financial support from the Excellence of Science program of the Fund for Scientific Research (FWO-FNRS; Grant no. G0F91618N; EOS ID 30505023). The calculations were performed using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UAntwerpen), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UAntwerpen. Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:153804 Serial 5051  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Razzokov, J.; Naderi, S.; van der Schoot, P. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Nanoscale insight into silk-like protein self-assembly: effect of design and number of repeat units Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2018 Publication Physical biology Abbreviated Journal Phys. Biol.  
  Volume 15 Issue 6 Pages 066010  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract By means of replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations we investigate how the length of a silk-like, alternating diblock oligopeptide influences its secondary and quaternary structure. We carry out simulations for two protein sizes consisting of three and five blocks, and study the stability of a single protein, a dimer, a trimer and a tetramer. Initial configurations of our simulations are β-roll and β-sheet structures. We find that for the triblock the secondary and quaternary structures upto and including the tetramer are unstable: the proteins melt into random coil structures and the aggregates disassemble either completely or partially. We attribute this to the competition between conformational entropy of the proteins and the formation of hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions between proteins. This is confirmed by our simulations on the pentablock proteins, where we find that, as the number of monomers in the aggregate increases, individual monomers form more hydrogen bonds whereas their solvent accessible surface area decreases. For the pentablock β-sheet protein, the monomer and the dimer melt as well, although for the β-roll protein only the monomer melts. For both trimers and tetramers remain stable. Apparently, for these the entropy loss of forming β-rolls and β-sheets is compensated for in the free-energy gain due to the hydrogen-bonding and hydrophobic interactions. We also find that the middle monomers in the trimers and tetramers are conformationally much more stable than the ones on the top and the bottom. Interestingly, the latter are more stable on the tetramer than on the trimer, suggesting that as the number of monomers increases protein-protein interactions cooperatively stabilize the assembly.

According to our simulations, the β-roll and β-sheet aggregates must be approximately equally

stable.		  
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  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000444467000001 Publication Date 2018-09-12  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1478-3975 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited 1 Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes The work of J Razzokov is supported by Jepa-Limmat Foundation. We thank Sarah Harris (University of Leeds) and Alexey Lyulin (Eindhoven University of Technology), for useful discussions and advice on the simulations. Eindhoven University of Technology is thanked by J Razzokov for their hospitality. We are grateful for computer time provided by the Dutch National Computing Facilities at the LISA facility at SURFsara. The work of S Naderi forms part of the research program of the Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI, Project No. 698). This work was supported by NWO Exacte Wetenschappen (Physical Sciences) for the use of supercomputer facilities, with financial support (Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, NWO). Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:153803c:irua:153596 Serial 5050  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Khalilov, U.; Vets, C.; Neyts, E.C. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Molecular evidence for feedstock-dependent nucleation mechanisms of CNTs Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2019 Publication Nanoscale Horizons Abbreviated Journal Nanoscale Horiz.  
  Volume 4 Issue 3 Pages 674-682  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract Atomic scale simulations have been shown to be a powerful tool for elucidating the growth mechanisms of carbon nanotubes. The growth picture is however not entirely clear yet due to the gap between current simulations and real experiments. We here simulate for the first time the nucleation and subsequent growth of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) from oxygen-containing hydrocarbon feedstocks using the hybrid Molecular Dynamics/Monte Carlo technique. The underlying nucleation mechanisms of Ni-catalysed SWNT growth are discussed in detail. Specifically, we find that as a function of the feedstock, different carbon fractions may emerge as the main growth species, due to a competition between the feedstock decomposition, its rehydroxylation and its contribution to etching of the growing SWNT. This study provides a further understanding of the feedstock effects in SWNT growth in comparison with available experimental evidence as well as with<italic>ab initio</italic>and other simulation data, thereby reducing the simulation–experiment gap.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Language Wos 000471816500011 Publication Date 2019-01-02  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2055-6756 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited 1 Open Access Not_Open_Access: Available from 03.01.2020  
  Notes Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, 12M1318N 1S22516N ; The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Belgium (Grant numbers 12M1318N and 1S22516N). The work was carried out in part using the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen, a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Centre VSC, funded by FWO and the Flemish Government (Department EWI). We thank Prof. A. C. T. van Duin for sharing the reax-code and forcefield parameters. Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @UA @ admin @ c:irua:159658 Serial 5169  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Snoeckx, R.; Van Wesenbeeck, K.; Lenaerts, S.; Cha, M.S.; Bogaerts, A. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Suppressing the formation of NOxand N2O in CO2/N2dielectric barrier discharge plasma by adding CH4: scavenger chemistry at work Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2019 Publication Sustainable Energy & Fuels Abbreviated Journal Sustainable Energy Fuels  
  Volume 3 Issue 6 Pages 1388-1395  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)  
  Abstract The need for carbon negative technologies led to the development of a wide array of novel CO<sub>2</sub>conversion techniques. Most of them either rely on high temperatures or generate highly reactive O species, which can lead to the undesirable formation of NO<sub>x</sub>and N<sub>2</sub>O when the CO<sub>2</sub>feeds contain N<sub>2</sub>. Here, we show that, for plasma-based CO<sub>2</sub>conversion, adding a hydrogen source, as a chemical oxygen scavenger, can suppress their formation,<italic>in situ</italic>. This allows the use of low-cost N<sub>2</sub>containing (industrial and direct air capture) feeds, rather than expensive purified CO<sub>2</sub>. To demonstrate this, we add CH<sub>4</sub>to a dielectric barrier discharge plasma used for converting impure CO<sub>2</sub>. We find that when adding a stoichiometric amount of CH<sub>4</sub>, 82% less NO<sub>2</sub>and 51% less NO are formed. An even higher reduction (96 and 63%) can be obtained when doubling this amount. However, in that case the excess radicals promote the formation of by-products, such as HCN, NH<sub>3</sub>and CH<sub>3</sub>OH. Thus, we believe that by using an appropriate amount of chemical scavengers, we can use impure CO<sub>2</sub>feeds, which would bring us closer to ‘real world’ conditions and implementation.  
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  Language Wos 000469258600021 Publication Date 2019-02-20  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2398-4902 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, G0F9618N ; Universiteit Antwerpen; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, BAS/1/1384-01-01 ;The research reported in this publication was supported by funding from the “Excellence of Science Program” (Fund for Scientic Research Flanders (FWO): grant no. G0F9618N; EOS ID: 30505023). The authors R. S. and M. S. C. acknowledge nancial support from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), under award number BAS/1/1384-01-01. Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @UA @ admin @ c:irua:160268 Serial 5188  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Shaw, P.; Kumar, N.; Hammerschmid, D.; Privat-Maldonado, A.; Dewilde, S.; Bogaerts, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Synergistic Effects of Melittin and Plasma Treatment: A Promising Approach for Cancer Therapy Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2019 Publication Cancers Abbreviated Journal Cancers  
  Volume 11 Issue 8 Pages 1109  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract Melittin (MEL), a small peptide component of bee venom, has been reported to exhibit anti-cancer effects in vitro and in vivo. However, its clinical applicability is disputed because of its non-specific cytotoxicity and haemolytic activity in high treatment doses. Plasma-treated phosphate buffered saline solution (PT-PBS), a solution rich in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) can disrupt the cell membrane integrity and induce cancer cell death through oxidative stress-mediated pathways. Thus, PT-PBS could be used in combination with MEL to facilitate its access into cancer cells and to reduce the required therapeutic dose. The aim of our study is to determine the reduction of the effective dose of MEL required to eliminate cancer cells by its combination with PT-PBS. For this purpose, we have optimised the MEL threshold concentration and tested the combined treatment of MEL and PT-PBS on A375 melanoma and MCF7 breast cancer cells, using in vitro, in ovo and in silico approaches. We investigated the cytotoxic effect of MEL and PT-PBS alone and in combination to reveal their synergistic cytological effects. To support the in vitro and in ovo experiments, we showed by computer simulations that plasma-induced oxidation of the phospholipid bilayer leads to a decrease of the free energy barrier for translocation of MEL in comparison with the non-oxidized bilayer, which also suggests a synergistic effect of MEL with plasma induced oxidation. Overall, our findings suggest that MEL in combination with PT-PBS can be a promising combinational therapy to circumvent the non-specific toxicity of MEL, which may help for clinical applicability in the future.  
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  Language Wos 000484438000069 Publication Date 2019-08-03  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2072-6694 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited 1 Open Access  
  Notes We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation—Flanders (FWO), grant number 12J5617N. We are thankful to Maksudbek Yusupov for his valuable discussions, and to the Center for Oncological Research (CORE), for providing the facilities for the experimental work. The computational work was carried out using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the University Antwerp, a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI), and the University of Antwerp. Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:161630 Serial 5286  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Gorbanev, Y.; Golda, J.; Gathen, V.S.; Bogaerts, A url  doi
openurl 
  Title Applications of the COST Plasma Jet: More than a Reference Standard Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2019 Publication Plasma Abbreviated Journal Plasma  
  Volume 2 Issue 3 Pages 316-327  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract The rapid advances in the field of cold plasma research led to the development of many plasma jets for various purposes. The COST plasma jet was created to set a comparison standard between different groups in Europe and the world. Its physical and chemical properties are well studied, and diagnostics procedures are developed and benchmarked using this jet. In recent years, it has been used for various research purposes. Here, we present a brief overview of the reported applications of the COST plasma jet. Additionally, we discuss the chemistry of the plasma-liquid systems with this plasma jet, and the properties that make it an indispensable system for plasma research.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date 2019-07-12  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2571-6182 ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access  
  Notes We would like to thank Deborah O’Connell (York Plasma Institute, Department of Physics, University of York, United Kingdom) and Angela Privat-Maldonado (PLASMANT, University of Antwerp) for useful discussions. Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:161628 Serial 5287  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Bekeschus, S.; Freund, E.; Spadola, C.; Privat-Maldonado, A.; Hackbarth, C.; Bogaerts, A.; Schmidt, A.; Wende, K.; Weltmann, K.-D.; von Woedtke, T.; Heidecke, C.-D.; Partecke, L.-I.; Käding, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Risk Assessment of kINPen Plasma Treatment of Four Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines with Respect to Metastasis Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2019 Publication Cancers Abbreviated Journal Cancers  
  Volume 11 Issue 9 Pages 1237  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract Cold physical plasma has limited tumor growth in many preclinical models and is, therefore, suggested as a putative therapeutic option against cancer. Yet, studies investigating the cells’ metastatic behavior following plasma treatment are scarce, although being of prime importance to evaluate the safety of this technology. Therefore, we investigated four human pancreatic cancer cell lines for their metastatic behavior in vitro and in chicken embryos (in ovo). Pancreatic cancer was chosen as it is particularly metastatic to the peritoneum and systemically, which is most predictive for outcome. In vitro, treatment with the kINPen plasma jet reduced pancreatic cancer cell activity and viability, along with unchanged or decreased motility. Additionally, the expression of adhesion markers relevant for metastasis was down-regulated, except for increased CD49d. Analysis of 3D tumor spheroid outgrowth showed a lack of plasma-spurred metastatic behavior. Finally, analysis of tumor tissue grown on chicken embryos validated the absence of an increase of metabolically active cells physically or chemically detached with plasma treatment. We conclude that plasma treatment is a safe and promising therapeutic option and that it does not promote metastatic behavior in pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in ovo.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000489719000022 Publication Date 2019-08-23  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2072-6694 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited 4 Open Access  
  Notes The authors acknowledge that this work was supported by grants funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), grant number 03Z22DN11. We want to thank the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO) for providing funding to APM under the “long stay abroad” scheme (grant code V415618N). APM and AB acknowledge financial support from the Methusalem project. Technical support by Felix Niessner and Antje Janetzko is gratefully acknowledged. Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:162106 Serial 5357  
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Author Biscop,; Lin,; Boxem,; Loenhout,; Backer,; Deben,; Dewilde,; Smits,; Bogaerts, url  doi
openurl 
  Title Influence of Cell Type and Culture Medium on Determining Cancer Selectivity of Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2019 Publication Cancers Abbreviated Journal Cancers  
  Volume 11 Issue 9 Pages 1287  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Center for Oncological Research (CORE)  
  Abstract Increasing the selectivity of cancer treatments is attractive, as it has the potential to reduce side-effects of therapy. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a novel cancer treatment that disrupts the intracellular oxidative balance. Several reports claim CAP treatment to be selective, but retrospective analysis of these studies revealed discrepancies in several biological factors and culturing methods. Before CAP can be conclusively stated as a selective cancer treatment, the importance of these factors must be investigated. In this study, we evaluated the influence of the cell type, cancer type, and cell culture medium on direct and indirect CAP treatment. Comparison of cancerous cells with their non-cancerous counterparts was performed under standardized conditions to determine selectivity of treatment. Analysis of seven human cell lines (cancerous: A549, U87, A375, and Malme-3M; non-cancerous: BEAS-2B, HA, and HEMa) and five different cell culture media (DMEM, RPMI1640, AM, BEGM, and DCBM) revealed that the tested parameters strongly influence indirect CAP treatment, while direct treatment was less affected. Taken together, the results of our study demonstrate that cell type, cancer type, and culturing medium must be taken into account before selectivity of CAP treatment can be claimed and overlooking these parameters can easily result in inaccurate conclusions of selectivity.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000489719000072 Publication Date 2019-09-01  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2072-6694 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited 9 Open Access  
  Notes the Research Foundation Flanders, 12S9218N – ; Universiteit Antwerpen, – ; Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:162097 Serial 5360  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Van Loenhout, J.; Flieswasser, T.; Freire Boullosa, L.; De Waele, J.; Van Audenaerde, J.; Marcq, E.; Jacobs, J.; Lin, A.; Lion, E.; Dewitte, H.; Peeters, M.; Dewilde, S.; Lardon, F.; Bogaerts, A.; Deben, C.; Smits, E. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Cold Atmospheric Plasma-Treated PBS Eliminates Immunosuppressive Pancreatic Stellate Cells and Induces Immunogenic Cell Death of Pancreatic Cancer Cells Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2019 Publication Cancers Abbreviated Journal Cancers  
  Volume 11 Issue 10 Pages 1597  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Laboratory for Experimental Hematology (LEH); Center for Oncological Research (CORE)  
  Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive cancers with a low response to treatment and a five-year survival rate below 5%. The ineffectiveness of treatment is partly because of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which comprises tumor-supportive pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs). Therefore, new therapeutic strategies are needed to tackle both the immunosuppressive PSC and pancreatic cancer cells (PCCs). Recently, physical cold atmospheric plasma consisting of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species has emerged as a novel treatment option for cancer. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxicity of plasma-treated phosphate-buffered saline (pPBS) using three PSC lines and four PCC lines and examined the immunogenicity of the induced cell death. We observed a decrease in the viability of PSC and PCC after pPBS treatment, with a higher efficacy in the latter. Two PCC lines expressed and released damage-associated molecular patterns characteristic of the induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD). In addition, pPBS-treated PCC were highly phagocytosed by dendritic cells (DCs), resulting in the maturation of DC. This indicates the high potential of pPBS to trigger ICD. In contrast, pPBS induced no ICD in PSC. In general, pPBS treatment of PCCs and PSCs created a more immunostimulatory secretion profile (higher TNF-α and IFN-γ, lower TGF-β) in coculture with DC. Altogether, these data show that plasma treatment via pPBS has the potential to induce ICD in PCCs and to reduce the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment created by PSCs. Therefore, these data provide a strong experimental basis for further in vivo validation, which might potentially open the way for more successful combination strategies with immunotherapy for PDAC.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000498826000194 Publication Date 2019-10-19  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2072-6694 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited 6 Open Access  
  Notes Universiteit Antwerpen, NA ; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, 11E7719N 1121016N 1S32316N 12S9218N 12E3916N ; Agentschap Innoveren en Ondernemen, 141433 ; Kom op tegen Kanker, NA ; Stichting Tegen Kanker, STK2014-155 ; The authors express their gratitude to Christophe Hermans, Céline Merlin, Hilde Lambrechts, and Hans de Reu for technical assistance; and to VITO for the use of the MSD reader (Mol, Belgium). Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:163328 Serial 5436  
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Author Privat-Maldonado, A.; Bengtson, C.; Razzokov, J.; Smits, E.; Bogaerts, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Modifying the Tumour Microenvironment: Challenges and Future Perspectives for Anticancer Plasma Treatments Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2019 Publication Cancers Abbreviated Journal Cancers  
  Volume 11 Issue 12 Pages 1920  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Center for Oncological Research (CORE)  
  Abstract Tumours are complex systems formed by cellular (malignant, immune, and endothelial cells, fibroblasts) and acellular components (extracellular matrix (ECM) constituents and secreted factors). A close interplay between these factors, collectively called the tumour microenvironment, is required to respond appropriately to external cues and to determine the treatment outcome. Cold plasma (here referred as ‘plasma’) is an emerging anticancer technology that generates a unique cocktail of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species to eliminate cancerous cells via multiple mechanisms of action. While plasma is currently regarded as a local therapy, it can also modulate the mechanisms of cell-to-cell and cell-to-ECM communication, which could facilitate the propagation of its effect in tissue and distant sites. However, it is still largely unknown how the physical interactions occurring between cells and/or the ECM in the tumour microenvironment affect the plasma therapy outcome. In this review, we discuss the effect of plasma on cell-to-cell and cell-to-ECM communication in the context of the tumour microenvironment and suggest new avenues of research to advance our knowledge in the field. Furthermore, we revise the relevant state-of-the-art in three-dimensional in vitro models that could be used to analyse cell-to-cell and cell-to-ECM communication and further strengthen our understanding of the effect of plasma in solid tumours.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Language Wos 000507382100097 Publication Date 2019-12-02  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2072-6694 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Figure 4 was created using resources from the ‘Mind the Graph’ platform, free trial version. Spheroid image obtained in collaboration with Sander Bekeschus (INP Greifswald, Germany); organoid image kindly provided by Christophe Deben (Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp, Belgium). Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:164892 Serial 5437  
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Author Hoffman, B.M.; Lukoyanov, D.; Yang, Z.-Y.; Dean, D.R.; Seefeldt, L.C. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Mechanism of Nitrogen Fixation by Nitrogenase: The Next Stage Type A1 Journal Article
  Year 2014 Publication Chemical Reviews Abbreviated Journal Chem. Rev.  
  Volume 114 Issue 8 Pages 4041-4062  
  Keywords A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;  
  Abstract Ammonia is a crucial nutrient used for plant growth and as a building block in pharmaceutical and chemical industry, produced via nitrogen fixation of the ubiquitous atmospheric N2. Current industrial ammonia production relies heavily on fossil resources, but a lot of work is put into developing non-fossil based pathways. Among these is the use of nonequilibrium plasma. In this work, we investigated water vapor as H source for nitrogen fixation into NH3 by non-equilibrium plasma. The highest selectivity towards NH3 was observed with low amounts of added H2O vapor, but the highest production rate was reached at high H2O vapor.  
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  Language Wos Publication Date 2014-04-23  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0009-2665 ISBN Additional Links  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access  
  Notes We would like to thank Sylvia Dewilde (Department of Biomedical Sciences) for providing analytical equipment. Approved no  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @ Serial 6337  
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Author Marimuthu, P.; Razzokov, J.; Singaravelu, K.; Bogaerts, A. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Predicted Hotspot Residues Involved in Allosteric Signal Transmission in Pro-Apoptotic Peptide—Mcl1 Complexes Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2020 Publication Biomolecules Abbreviated Journal Biomolecules  
  Volume 10 Issue 8 Pages 1114  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract Mcl1 is a primary member of the Bcl–2 family—anti–apoptotic proteins (AAP)—that is overexpressed in several cancer pathologies. The apoptotic regulation is mediated through the binding of pro-apoptotic peptides (PAPs) (e.g., Bak and Bid) at the canonical hydrophobic binding groove (CBG) of Mcl1. Although all PAPs form amphipathic α-helices, their amino acid sequences vary to different degree. This sequence variation exhibits a central role in the binding partner selectivity towards different AAPs. Thus, constructing a novel peptide or small organic molecule with the ability to mimic the natural regulatory process of PAP is essential to inhibit various AAPs. Previously reported experimental binding free energies (BFEs) were utilized in the current investigation aimed to understand the mechanistic basis of different PAPs targeted to mMcl1. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations used to estimate BFEs between mMcl1—PAP complexes using Molecular Mechanics-Generalized Born Solvent Accessible (MMGBSA) approach with multiple parameters. Predicted BFE values showed an excellent agreement with the experiment (R2 = 0.92). The van–der Waals (ΔGvdw) and electrostatic (ΔGele) energy terms found to be the main energy components that drive heterodimerization of mMcl1—PAP complexes. Finally, the dynamic network analysis predicted the allosteric signal transmission pathway involves more favorable energy contributing residues. In total, the results obtained from the current investigation may provide valuable insights for the synthesis of a novel peptide or small organic inhibitor targeting Mcl1.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000578895600001 Publication Date 2020-07-28  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2218-273X ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access  
  Notes P.M. gratefully acknowledges the use of the bioinformatics infrastructure facility supported by Biocenter Finland and the CSC-IT Center for Science (Project: 2000461) for the computational facility; Jukka Lehtonen for the IT support; Mark Johnson (SBL) Åbo Akademi University for providing the lab support and Outi Salo-Ahen (Pharmacy) Åbo Akademi University and Olli T. Pentikäinen (Institute of Biomedicine) University of Turku, for their valuable support and discussion. Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:170486 Serial 6396  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Privat-Maldonado, A.; Bogaerts, A. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Plasma in Cancer Treatment Type Editorial
  Year 2020 Publication Cancers Abbreviated Journal Cancers  
  Volume 12 Issue 9 Pages 2617  
  Keywords Editorial; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and while science has advanced significantly to improve the treatment outcome and quality of life in cancer patients, there are still many issues with the current therapies, such as toxicity and the development of resistance to treatment [...]  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000581447500001 Publication Date 2020-09-14  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2072-6694 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:172460 Serial 6413  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Verloy, R.; Privat-Maldonado, A.; Smits, E.; Bogaerts, A. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment for Pancreatic Cancer–The Importance of Pancreatic Stellate Cells Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2020 Publication Cancers Abbreviated Journal Cancers  
  Volume 12 Issue 10 Pages 2782  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Center for Oncological Research (CORE)  
  Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease with low five-year survival rates of 8% by conventional treatment methods, e.g., chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. PDAC shows high resistance towards chemo- and radiotherapy and only 15–20% of all patients can have surgery. This disease is predicted to become the third global leading cause of cancer death due to its significant rise in incidence. Therefore, the development of an alternative or combinational method is necessary to improve current approaches. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatments could offer multiple advantages to this emerging situation. The plasma-derived reactive species can induce oxidative damage and a cascade of intracellular signaling pathways, which could lead to cell death. Previous reports have shown that CAP treatment also influences cells in the tumor microenvironment, such as the pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs). These PSCs, when activated, play a crucial role in the propagation, growth and survival of PDAC tumors. However, the effect of CAP on PSCs is not yet fully understood. This review focuses on the application of CAP for PDAC treatment and the importance of PSCs in the response to treatment.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000584150700001 Publication Date 2020-09-28  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2072-6694 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Server Medical Art templates were used for creating figures. Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:172454 Serial 6418  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Bengtson, C.; Bogaerts, A. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title On the Anti-Cancer Effect of Cold Atmospheric Plasma and the Possible Role of Catalase-Dependent Apoptotic Pathways Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2020 Publication Cells Abbreviated Journal Cells  
  Volume 9 Issue 10 Pages 2330  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a promising new agent for (selective) cancer treatment, but the underlying cause of the anti-cancer effect of CAP is not well understood yet. Among different theories and observations, one theory in particular has been postulated in great detail and consists of a very complex network of reactions that are claimed to account for the anti-cancer effect of CAP. Here, the key concept is a reactivation of two specific apoptotic cell signaling pathways through catalase inactivation caused by CAP. Thus, it is postulated that the anti-cancer effect of CAP is due to its ability to inactivate catalase, either directly or indirectly. A theoretical investigation of the proposed theory, especially the role of catalase inactivation, can contribute to the understanding of the underlying cause of the anti-cancer effect of CAP. In the present study, we develop a mathematical model to analyze the proposed catalase-dependent anti-cancer effect of CAP. Our results show that a catalase-dependent reactivation of the two apoptotic pathways of interest is unlikely to contribute to the observed anti-cancer effect of CAP. Thus, we believe that other theories of the underlying cause should be considered and evaluated to gain knowledge about the principles of CAP-induced cancer cell death.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000584186700001 Publication Date 2020-10-21  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2073-4409 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited 2 Open Access  
  Notes ; ; Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:173632 Serial 6429  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Lin, A.; Stapelmann, K.; Bogaerts, A. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Advances in Plasma Oncology toward Clinical Translation Type Editorial
  Year 2020 Publication Cancers Abbreviated Journal Cancers  
  Volume 12 Issue 11 Pages 3283  
  Keywords Editorial; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract This Special Issue on “Advances in Plasma Oncology Toward Clinical Translation” aims to bring together cutting-edge research papers within the field in the context of clinical translation and application [...]  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000592876800001 Publication Date 2020-11-06  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2072-6694 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:173858 Serial 6434  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Clemen, R.; Heirman, P.; Lin, A.; Bogaerts, A.; Bekeschus, S. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Physical Plasma-Treated Skin Cancer Cells Amplify Tumor Cytotoxicity of Human Natural Killer (NK) Cells Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2020 Publication Cancers Abbreviated Journal Cancers  
  Volume 12 Issue 12 Pages 3575  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract Skin cancers have the highest prevalence of all human cancers, with the most lethal forms being squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma. Besides the conventional local treatment approaches like surgery and radiotherapy, cold physical plasmas are emerging anticancer tools. Plasma technology is used as a therapeutic agent by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Evidence shows that inflammation and adaptive immunity are involved in cancer-reducing effects of plasma treatment, but the role of innate immune cells is still unclear. Natural killer (NK)-cells interact with target cells via activating and inhibiting surface receptors and kill in case of dominating activating signals. In this study, we investigated the effect of cold physical plasma (kINPen) on two skin cancer cell lines (A375 and A431), with non-malignant HaCaT keratinocytes as control, and identified a plasma treatment time-dependent toxicity that was more pronounced in the cancer cells. Plasma treatment also modulated the expression of activating and inhibiting receptors more profoundly in skin cancer cells compared to HaCaT cells, leading to significantly higher NK-cell killing rates in the tumor cells. Together with increased pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-6 and IL-8, we conclude that plasma treatment spurs stress responses in skin cancer cells, eventually augmenting NK-cell activity.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000601901900001 Publication Date 2020-11-30  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2072-6694 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access  
  Notes This work was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), grant numbers 03Z22DN11 and 03Z22Di1; The authors acknowledge the technical assistance of Eric Freund, Julia Berner, Sanjeev Kumar Sagwal, Christina Wolff, Felix Niessner, Walison Brito, and Lea Miebach. Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:173863 Serial 6442  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Marinov, D.; de Marneffe, J.-F.; Smets, Q.; Arutchelvan, G.; Bal, K.M.; Voronina, E.; Rakhimova, T.; Mankelevich, Y.; El Kazzi, S.; Nalin Mehta, A.; Wyndaele, P.-J.; Heyne, M.H.; Zhang, J.; With, P.C.; Banerjee, S.; Neyts, E.C.; Asselberghs, I.; Lin, D.; De Gendt, S. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Reactive plasma cleaning and restoration of transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2021 Publication npj 2D Materials and Applications Abbreviated Journal npj 2D Mater Appl  
  Volume 5 Issue 1 Pages 17  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract The cleaning of two-dimensional (2D) materials is an essential step in the fabrication of future devices, leveraging their unique physical, optical, and chemical properties. Part of these emerging 2D materials are transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). So far there is limited understanding of the cleaning of “monolayer” TMD materials. In this study, we report on the use of downstream H<sub>2</sub>plasma to clean the surface of monolayer WS<sub>2</sub>grown by MOCVD. We demonstrate that high-temperature processing is essential, allowing to maximize the removal rate of polymers and to mitigate damage caused to the WS<sub>2</sub>in the form of sulfur vacancies. We show that low temperature in situ carbonyl sulfide (OCS) soak is an efficient way to resulfurize the material, besides high-temperature H<sub>2</sub>S annealing. The cleaning processes and mechanisms elucidated in this work are tested on back-gated field-effect transistors, confirming that transport properties of WS<sub>2</sub>devices can be maintained by the combination of H<sub>2</sub>plasma cleaning and OCS restoration. The low-damage plasma cleaning based on H<sub>2</sub>and OCS is very reproducible, fast (completed in a few minutes) and uses a 300 mm industrial plasma etch system qualified for standard semiconductor pilot production. This process is, therefore, expected to enable the industrial scale-up of 2D-based devices, co-integrated with silicon technology.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000613258900001 Publication Date 2021-01-28  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2397-7132 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Daniil Marinov has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 752164. Ekaterina Voronina, Yuri Mankelevitch, and Tatyana Rakhimova are thankful to the Russian Science Foundation (RSF) for financial support (Grant No. 16-12-10361). This study was carried out using the equipment of the shared research facilities of high-performance computing resources at Lomonosov Moscow State University and the computational resources and services of the HPC core facility CalcUA of the University of Antwerp, and VSC (Flemish Supercomputer Center), funded by the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO) and the Flemish Government. Patrick With gratefully acknowledges imec’s CTO office for financial support during his stay at imec. The authors thank Mr. Surajit Sutar (imec) for his help during sample electrical characterization, and Patrick Verdonck for lab processing. Jean-François de Marneffe thank Prof. Simone Napolitano from the Free University of Brussels for useful discussions on irreversibly adsorbed polymer layers, and Cédric Huyghebaert (imec) for his continuous support in the framework of the Graphene FET Flagship core project. All authors acknowledge the support of imec’s pilot line and materials characterization and analysis (MCA) group, namely Jonathan Ludwig, Stefanie Sergeant, Thomas Nuytten, Olivier Richard, and Thierry Conard. Finally, Daniil Marinov thank Mikhail Krishtab (imec/KU Leuven) for his help in selecting the optimal plasma etch system for this work. Part of this project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 649953. Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:175871 Serial 6671  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Lin, A.; Razzokov, J.; Verswyvel, H.; Privat-Maldonado, A.; De Backer, J.; Yusupov, M.; Cardenas De La Hoz, E.; Ponsaerts, P.; Smits, E.; Bogaerts, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Oxidation of Innate Immune Checkpoint CD47 on Cancer Cells with Non-Thermal Plasma Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2021 Publication Cancers Abbreviated Journal Cancers  
  Volume 13 Issue 3 Pages 579  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Laboratory for Experimental Hematology (LEH); Center for Oncological Research (CORE)  
  Abstract Non-thermal plasma (NTP) therapy has been emerging as a promising cancer treatment strategy, and recently, its ability to locally induce immunogenic cancer cell death is being unraveled. We hypothesized that the chemical species produced by NTP reduce immunosuppressive surface proteins and checkpoints that are overexpressed on cancerous cells. Here, 3D in vitro tumor models, an in vivo mouse model, and molecular dynamics simulations are used to investigate the effect of NTP on CD47, a key innate immune checkpoint. CD47 is immediately modulated after NTP treatment and simulations reveal the potential oxidized salt-bridges responsible for conformational changes. Umbrella sampling simulations of CD47 with its receptor, signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα), demonstrate that the induced-conformational changes reduce its binding affinity. Taken together, this work provides new insight into fundamental, chemical NTP-cancer cell interaction mechanisms and a previously overlooked advantage of present NTP cancer therapy: reducing immunosuppressive signals on the surface of cancer cells.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000614960600001 Publication Date 2021-02-02  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2072-6694 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes We thank Erik Fransen (University of Antwerp; Antwerp, Belgium) for his help and guidance on the statistical analysis. Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:176455 Serial 6709  
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Author Van Alphen, S.; Jardali, F.; Creel, J.; Trenchev, G.; Snyders, R.; Bogaerts, A. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Sustainable gas conversion by gliding arc plasmas: a new modelling approach for reactor design improvement Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2021 Publication Sustainable energy & fuels Abbreviated Journal Sustainable Energy Fuels  
  Volume 5 Issue 6 Pages 1786-1800  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract Research in plasma reactor designs is developing rapidly as plasma technology is gaining increasing interest for sustainable gas conversion applications, like the conversion of greenhouse gases into value-added chemicals and renewable fuels, and fixation of N<sub>2</sub>from air into precursors of mineral fertilizer. As plasma is generated by electric power and can easily be switched on/off, these applications allows for efficient conversion and energy storage of intermittent renewable electricity. In this paper, we present a new comprehensive modelling approach for the design and development of gliding arc plasma reactors, which reveals the fluid dynamics, the arc behaviour and the plasma chemistry by solving a unique combination of five complementary models. This results in a complete description of the plasma process, which allows one to efficiently evaluate the performance of a reactor and indicate possible design improvements before actually building it. We demonstrate the capabilities of this method for an experimentally validated study of plasma-based NO<sub>x</sub>formation in a rotating gliding arc reactor, which is gaining increasing interest as a flexible, electricity-driven alternative for the Haber–Bosch process. The model demonstrates the importance of the vortex flow and the presence of a recirculation zone in the reactor, as well as the formation of hot spots in the plasma near the cathode pin and the anode wall that are responsible for most of the NO<sub>x</sub>formation. The model also reveals the underlying plasma chemistry and the vibrational non-equilibrium that exists due to the fast cooling during each arc rotation. Good agreement with experimental measurements on the studied reactor design proves the predictive capabilities of our modelling approach.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000631643300013 Publication Date 2021-02-22  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2398-4902 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, GoF9618n ; Vlaamse regering, HBC.2019.0107 ; European Research Council, 810182 ; This research was supported by the Excellence of Science FWOFNRS project (FWO grant ID GoF9618n, EOS ID 30505023), the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 810182 – SCOPE ERC Synergy project), the 1798 | Sustainable Energy Fuels, 2021, 5, 1786–1800 Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:177540 Serial 6745  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Shaw, P.; Kumar, N.; Privat-Maldonado, A.; Smits, E.; Bogaerts, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Cold Atmospheric Plasma Increases Temozolomide Sensitivity of Three-Dimensional Glioblastoma Spheroids via Oxidative Stress-Mediated DNA Damage Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2021 Publication Cancers Abbreviated Journal Cancers  
  Volume 13 Issue 8 Pages 1780  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Center for Oncological Research (CORE)  
  Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent and aggressive primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Current standard radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy with the alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ) yield poor clinical outcome. This is due to the stem-like properties of tumor cells and genetic abnormalities in GBM, which contribute to resistance to TMZ and progression. In this study, we used cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) to enhance the sensitivity to TMZ through inhibition of antioxidant signaling (linked to TMZ resistance). We demonstrate that CAP indeed enhances the cytotoxicity of TMZ by targeting the antioxidant specific glutathione (GSH)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) signaling. We optimized the threshold concentration of TMZ on five different GBM cell lines (U251, LN18, LN229, U87-MG and T98G). We combined TMZ with CAP and tested it on both TMZ-sensitive (U251, LN18 and LN229) and TMZ-resistant (U87-MG and T98G) cell lines using two-dimensional cell cultures. Subsequently, we used a three-dimensional spheroid model for the U251 (TMZ-sensitive) and U87-MG and T98G (TMZ-resistant) cells. The sensitivity of TMZ was enhanced, i.e., higher cytotoxicity and spheroid shrinkage was obtained when TMZ and CAP were administered together. We attribute the anticancer properties to the release of intracellular reactive oxygen species, through inhibiting the GSH/GPX4 antioxidant machinery, which can lead to DNA damage. Overall, our findings suggest that the combination of CAP with TMZ is a promising combination therapy to enhance the efficacy of TMZ towards the treatment of GBM spheroids.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000644001200001 Publication Date 2021-04-08  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2072-6694 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes We thank the Department of Biomedical Sciences, and the Laboratory of Protein Science, Proteomics & Epigenetic Signalling, at the University of Antwerp, for providing the facilities for the cell experiments. We are also grateful to Peter Ponsaerts from the Laboratory of Experimental Haematology, at the University of Antwerp, for providing the fluorescence microscope. Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:177779 Serial 6746  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Logie, E.; Chirumamilla, C.S.; Perez-Novo, C.; Shaw, P.; Declerck, K.; Palagani, A.; Rangarajan, S.; Cuypers, B.; De Neuter, N.; Mobashar Hussain Urf Turabe, F.; Kumar Verma, N.; Bogaerts, A.; Laukens, K.; Offner, F.; Van Vlierberghe, P.; Van Ostade, X.; Berghe, W.V. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Covalent Cysteine Targeting of Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) Family by Withaferin-A Reduces Survival of Glucocorticoid-Resistant Multiple Myeloma MM1 Cells Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2021 Publication Cancers Abbreviated Journal Cancers  
  Volume 13 Issue 7 Pages 1618  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; ADReM Data Lab (ADReM); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by plasma cells’ uncontrolled growth. The major barrier in treating MM is the occurrence of primary and acquired therapy resistance to anticancer drugs. Often, this therapy resistance is associated with constitutive hyperactivation of tyrosine kinase signaling. Novel covalent kinase inhibitors, such as the clinically approved BTK inhibitor ibrutinib (IBR) and the preclinical phytochemical withaferin A (WA), have, therefore, gained pharmaceutical interest. Remarkably, WA is more effective than IBR in killing BTK-overexpressing glucocorticoid (GC)-resistant MM1R cells. To further characterize the kinase inhibitor profiles of WA and IBR in GC-resistant MM cells, we applied phosphopeptidome- and transcriptome-specific tyrosine kinome profiling. In contrast to IBR, WA was found to reverse BTK overexpression in GC-resistant MM1R cells. Furthermore, WA-induced cell death involves covalent cysteine targeting of Hinge-6 domain type tyrosine kinases of the kinase cysteinome classification, including inhibition of the hyperactivated BTK. Covalent interaction between WA and BTK could further be confirmed by biotin-based affinity purification and confocal microscopy. Similarly, molecular modeling suggests WA preferably targets conserved cysteines in the Hinge-6 region of the kinase cysteinome classification, favoring inhibition of multiple B-cell receptors (BCR) family kinases. Altogether, we show that WA’s promiscuous inhibition of multiple BTK family tyrosine kinases represents a highly effective strategy to overcome GC-therapy resistance in MM.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000638328000001 Publication Date 2021-03-31  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2072-6694 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes The authors thank Eva Lion, Head of Tumor Immunology Group of the Laboratory of Experimental Hematology (University of Antwerp), for kindly providing GC‐resistant U266 cells. Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:177781 Serial 6751  
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Author Van Loenhout, J.; Freire Boullosa, L.; Quatannens, D.; De Waele, J.; Merlin, C.; Lambrechts, H.; Lau, H.W.; Hermans, C.; Lin, A.; Lardon, F.; Peeters, M.; Bogaerts, A.; Smits, E.; Deben, C. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Auranofin and Cold Atmospheric Plasma Synergize to Trigger Distinct Cell Death Mechanisms and Immunogenic Responses in Glioblastoma Type A1 Journal Article;oxidative stress
  Year 2021 Publication Cells Abbreviated Journal Cells  
  Volume 10 Issue 11 Pages 2936  
  Keywords A1 Journal Article;oxidative stress; auranofin; cold atmospheric plasma; glioblastoma; cancer cell death; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;  
  Abstract Targeting the redox balance of malignant cells via the delivery of high oxidative stress unlocks a potential therapeutic strategy against glioblastoma (GBM). We investigated a novel reactive oxygen species (ROS)-inducing combination treatment strategy, by increasing exogenous ROS via cold atmospheric plasma and inhibiting the endogenous protective antioxidant system via auranofin (AF), a thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR) inhibitor. The sequential combination treatment of AF and cold atmospheric plasma-treated PBS (pPBS), or AF and direct plasma application, resulted in a synergistic response in 2D and 3D GBM cell cultures, respectively. Differences in the baseline protein levels related to the antioxidant systems explained the cell-line-dependent sensitivity towards the combination treatment. The highest decrease of TrxR activity and GSH levels was observed after combination treatment of AF and pPBS when compared to AF and pPBS monotherapies. This combination also led to the highest accumulation of intracellular ROS. We confirmed a ROS-mediated response to the combination of AF and pPBS, which was able to induce distinct cell death mechanisms. On the one hand, an increase in caspase-3/7 activity, with an increase in the proportion of annexin V positive cells, indicates the induction of apoptosis in the GBM cells. On the other hand, lipid peroxidation and inhibition of cell death through an iron chelator suggest the involvement of ferroptosis in the GBM cell lines. Both cell death mechanisms induced by the combination of AF and pPBS resulted in a significant increase in danger signals (ecto-calreticulin, ATP and HMGB1) and dendritic cell maturation, indicating a potential increase in immunogenicity, although the phagocytotic capacity of dendritic cells was inhibited by AF. In vivo, sequential combination treatment of AF and cold atmospheric plasma both reduced tumor growth kinetics and prolonged survival in GBM-bearing mice. Thus, our study provides a novel therapeutic strategy for GBM to enhance the efficacy of oxidative stress-inducing therapy through a combination of AF and cold atmospheric plasma.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000807134000001 Publication Date 2021-10-28  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2073-4409 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Olivia Hendrickx Research Fund, 21OCL06 ; University of Antwerp, FFB160231 ; The authors would express their gratitude to Hans de Reu for technical assistance with flow cytometry. Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:182915 Serial 6826  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Kelly, S.; Bogaerts, A. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Nitrogen fixation in an electrode-free microwave plasma Type A1 Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication Joule Abbreviated Journal Joule  
  Volume 5 Issue 11 Pages 3006-3030  
  Keywords A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;  
  Abstract Plasma-based gas conversion has great potential for enabling carbon-free fertilizer production powered by renewable electricity. Sustaining an energy-efficient plasma process without eroding the containment vessel is currently a significant challenge, limiting scaling to higher powers and throughputs. Isolation of the plasma from contact with any solid surfaces is an advantage, which both limits energy loss to the walls and prevents material erosion that could lead to disastrous soil contamination. This paper presents highly energy-efficient nitrogen fixation from air into NOx by microwave plasma, with the plasma filament isolated at the center of a quartz tube using a vortex gas flow. NOx production is found to scale very efficiently when increasing both gas flow rate and absorbed power. The lowest energy cost recorded of ~2 MJ/mol, for a total NOx production of ~3.8%, is the lowest reported up to now for atmospheric pressure plasmas.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000723010700018 Publication Date 2021-10-26  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2542-4351 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes We acknowledge financial support by the European Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship ‘‘PENFIX’’ within Horizon 2020 (grant no. 838181), the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no 810182 – SCOPE ERC Synergy project), and the Excellence of Science FWO-FNRS project (FWO grant ID GoF9618n, EOS ID 30505023). The calculations were performed using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UAntwerpen), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Centre VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UAntwerpen. We thank Dr. Waldo Bongers and Dr. Floran Peeters of the DIFFER institute for their help and advice in the initial phase of the project, as well as Mr. Luc van‘t Dack, Dr. Karen Leyssens and Ing. Karel Venken for their technical assistance. We thank Dr. Klaus Werner, executive director of the RF Energy Alliance, for his extensive expertise and helpful discourse regarding solid-state MW technology. Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:184250 Serial 6835  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Biswas, A.N.; Winter, L.R.; Loenders, B.; Xie, Z.; Bogaerts, A.; Chen, J.G. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Oxygenate Production from Plasma-Activated Reaction of CO2and Ethane Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2021 Publication Acs Energy Letters Abbreviated Journal Acs Energy Lett  
  Volume Issue Pages 236-241  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract Upgrading ethane with CO2 as a soft oxidant represents a desirable means of obtaining oxygenated hydrocarbons. This reaction is not thermodynamically feasible under mild conditions and has not been previously achieved as a one-step process. Nonthermal plasma was implemented as an alternative means of supplying energy to overcome activation barriers, leading to the production of alcohols, aldehydes, and acids as well as C1−C5+ hydrocarbons under ambient pressure, with a maximum total oxygenate selectivity of 12%. A plasma chemical kinetic computational model was developed and found to be in good agreement with the experimental trends. Results from this study illustrate the potential to use plasma for the direct synthesis of value-added alcohols, acids, and aldehydes from ethane and CO2 under mild conditions.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000732435700001 Publication Date 2021-12-14  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2380-8195 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Basic Energy Sciences, DE-SC0012704 ; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, S001619N ; H2020 European Research Council, 810182 ; National Science Foundation, DGE 16-44869 ; This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Catalysis Science Program (grant no. DE-SC0012704). L.R.W. acknowledges the U.S. National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program grant number DGE 16-44869. B.L. and A.B. acknowledge support from the FWO-SBO project PLASMA240 Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:184812 Serial 6897  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Laroussi, M.; Bekeschus, S.; Keidar, M.; Bogaerts, A.; Fridman, A.; Lu, X.; Ostrikov, K.; Hori, M.; Stapelmann, K.; Miller, V.; Reuter, S.; Laux, C.; Mesbah, A.; Walsh, J.; Jiang, C.; Thagard, S.M.; Tanaka, H.; Liu, D.; Yan, D.; Yusupov, M. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Low-Temperature Plasma for Biology, Hygiene, and Medicine: Perspective and Roadmap Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2022 Publication IEEE transactions on radiation and plasma medical sciences Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Radiat. Plasma Med. Sci.  
  Volume 6 Issue 2 Pages 127-157  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract Plasma, the fourth and most pervasive state of matter in the visible universe, is a fascinating medium that is connected to the beginning of our universe itself. Man-made plasmas are at the core of many technological advances that include the fabrication of semiconductor devices, which enabled the modern computer and communication revolutions. The introduction of low temperature, atmospheric pressure plasmas to the biomedical field has ushered a new revolution in the healthcare arena that promises to introduce plasma-based therapies to combat some thorny and long-standing medical challenges. This article presents an overview of where research is at today and discusses innovative concepts and approaches to overcome present challenges and take the field to the next level. It is written by a team of experts who took an in-depth look at the various applications of plasma in hygiene, decontamination, and medicine, made critical analysis, and proposed ideas and concepts that should help the research community focus their efforts on clear and practical steps necessary to keep the field advancing for decades to come.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000750257400005 Publication Date 2021-12-14  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2469-7311 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Research Foundation—Flanders, 1200219N ; Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:185875 Serial 6907  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Shaw, P.; Kumar, N.; Sahun, M.; Smits, E.; Bogaerts, A.; Privat-Maldonado, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Modulating the Antioxidant Response for Better Oxidative Stress-Inducing Therapies: How to Take Advantage of Two Sides of the Same Medal? Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2022 Publication Biomedicines Abbreviated Journal Biomedicines  
  Volume 10 Issue 4 Pages 823  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Center for Oncological Research (CORE)  
  Abstract Oxidative stress-inducing therapies are characterized as a specific treatment that involves the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) by external or internal sources. To protect cells against oxidative stress, cells have evolved a strong antioxidant defense system to either prevent RONS formation or scavenge them. The maintenance of the redox balance ensures signal transduction, development, cell proliferation, regulation of the mechanisms of cell death, among others. Oxidative stress can beneficially be used to treat several diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders, heart disease, cancer, and other diseases by regulating the antioxidant system. Understanding the mechanisms of various endogenous antioxidant systems can increase the therapeutic efficacy of oxidative stress-based therapies, leading to clinical success in medical treatment. This review deals with the recent novel findings of various cellular endogenous antioxidant responses behind oxidative stress, highlighting their implication in various human diseases, such as ulcers, skin pathologies, oncology, and viral infections such as SARS-CoV-2.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000785420400001 Publication Date 2022-03-31  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2227-9059 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Core Research Grant, Department of Science and Technology, India., (CRG/2021/001935) ; Department of Biotechnology, BT/RLF/Re-entry/27/2019 ; We are grateful to Charlotta Bengtson for her valuable input. Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:187931 Serial 7051  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Lin, A.; De Backer, J.; Quatannens, D.; Cuypers, B.; Verswyvel, H.; De La Hoz, E.C.; Ribbens, B.; Siozopoulou, V.; Van Audenaerde, J.; Marcq, E.; Lardon, F.; Laukens, K.; Vanlanduit, S.; Smits, E.; Bogaerts, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title The effect of local non‐thermal plasma therapy on the<scp>cancer‐immunity</scp>cycle in a melanoma mouse model Type University Hospital Antwerp
  Year 2022 Publication Bioengineering & Translational Medicine Abbreviated Journal Bioengineering & Transla Med  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords University Hospital Antwerp; A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; Engineering sciences. Technology; ADReM Data Lab (ADReM); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Center for Oncological Research (CORE); Proteinscience, proteomics and epigenetic signaling (PPES)  
  Abstract Melanoma remains a deadly cancer despite significant advances in immune checkpoint blockade and targeted therapies. The incidence of melanoma is also growing worldwide, which highlights the need for novel treatment options and strategic combination of therapies. Here, we investigate non-thermal plasma (NTP), an ionized gas, as a promising, therapeutic option. In a melanoma mouse model, direct treatment of tumors with NTP results in reduced tumor burden and prolonged survival. Physical characterization of NTP treatment in situ reveals the deposited NTP energy and temperature associated with therapy response, and whole transcriptome analysis of the tumor identified several modulated pathways. NTP treatment also enhances the cancer-immunity cycle, as immune cells in both the tumor and tumor-draining lymph nodes appear more stimulated to perform their anti-cancer functions. Thus, our data suggest that local NTP therapy stimulates systemic, anti-cancer immunity. We discuss, in detail, how these fundamental insights will help direct the translation of NTP technology into the clinic and inform rational combination strategies to address the challenges in melanoma therapy.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000784103500001 Publication Date 2022-04-21  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2380-6761 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Vlaamse regering, 1S67621N 1S76421N G044420N 12S9221N 12S9218N ; The authors would like to thank and acknowledge Christophe Hermans, Ho Wa Lau, and Hilde Lambrechts for their help with sectioning and preparing the IHC slides. The authors would also like to thank Dani Banner for designing the ergonomic NTP applicator handle and Hasan Baysal for 3D printing the pieces used in this experiment. We would also like to thank several patrons, as part of this research was funded by donations from different donors, including Dedert Schilde vzw, Mr Willy Floren, and the Vereycken family. Some of the resources and services used in this work were provided by the VSC (Flemish Supercomputer Center) The data that support the findings of this study are available from the Flemish Government. The FWO fellowships and grants that funded this work also include: 12S9218N (Abraham Lin), 12S9221N (Abraham Lin), G044420N (Abraham Lin, Annemie Bogaert, and Steve Vanlanduit), 1S76421N (Delphine Quatannens), and 1S67621N (Hanne Verswyvel). Figure 7 was created with BioRender.com. Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:187909 Serial 7056  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Zheng, J.; Zhang, H.; Lv, J.; Zhang, M.; Wan, J.; Gerrits, N.; Wu, A.; Lan, B.; Wang, W.; Wang, S.; Tu, X.; Bogaerts, A.; Li, X. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Enhanced NH3Synthesis from Air in a Plasma Tandem-Electrocatalysis System Using Plasma-Engraved N-Doped Defective MoS2 Type A1 Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication JACS Au Abbreviated Journal JACS Au  
  Volume 3 Issue 5 Pages 1328-1336  
  Keywords A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;  
  Abstract We have developed a sustainable method to produce NH3 directly from air using a plasma tandem-electrocatalysis system that operates via the N2−NOx−NH3 pathway. To efficiently reduce NO2− to NH3, we propose a novel electrocatalyst consisting of defective N-doped molybdenum sulfide nanosheets on vertical graphene arrays (N-MoS2/VGs). We used a plasma engraving process to form the metallic 1T phase, N doping, and S vacancies in the electrocatalyst simultaneously. Our system exhibited a remarkable NH3 production rate of 7.3 mg h−1 cm−2 at −0.53 V vs RHE, which is almost 100 times higher than the state-of-the-art electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction and more than double that of other hybrid systems. Moreover, a low energy consumption of only 2.4 MJ molNH3−1 was achieved in this study. Density functional theory calculations revealed that S vacancies and doped N atoms play a dominant role in the selective reduction of NO2− to NH3. This study opens up new avenues for efficient NH3 production using cascade systems.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000981779300001 Publication Date 2023-05-22  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2691-3704 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor (up) Times cited Open Access Not_Open_Access  
  Notes ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51976191, 5227060056, 52276214) and the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China (2018YFE0117300). N.G. was financially supported through an NWO Rubicon Grant (019.202EN.012). X.T. acknowl- edges the support of the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/X002713/1). Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:196761 Serial 8792  
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