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	Author	Bekaert, J.; Sevik, C.; Milošević, M.V.
	Title	Enhancing superconductivity in MXenes through hydrogenation			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Nanoscale	Abbreviated Journal	Nanoscale
	Volume	14	Issue	27	Pages	9918-9924
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	Two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) are an emerging class of atomically-thin superconductors, whose characteristics are highly prone to tailoring by surface functionalization. Here we explore the use of hydrogen adatoms to enhance phonon-mediated superconductivity in MXenes, based on first-principles calculations combined with Eliashberg theory. We first demonstrate the stability of three different structural models of hydrogenated Mo- and W-based MXenes. Particularly high critical temperatures of over 30 K are obtained for hydrogenated Mo2N and W2N. Several mechanisms responsible for the enhanced electron-phonon coupling are uncovered, namely (i) hydrogen-induced changes in the phonon spectrum of the host MXene, (ii) emerging hydrogen-based phonon modes, and (iii) charge transfer from hydrogen to the MXene layer, boosting the density of states at the Fermi level. Finally, we demonstrate that hydrogen adatoms are moreover able to induce superconductivity in MXenes that are not superconducting in pristine form, such as Nb2C.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000820350600001	Publication Date	2022-06-27
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2040-3364; 2040-3372	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.7	Times cited	2	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 6.7
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:189580			Serial	7155
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Faraji, F.; Neek-Amal, M.; Neyts, E.C.; Peeters, F.M.
	Title	Indentation of graphene nano-bubbles			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Nanoscale	Abbreviated Journal	Nanoscale
	Volume	14	Issue	15	Pages	5876-5883
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Molecular dynamics simulations are used to investigate the effect of an AFM tip when indenting graphene nano bubbles filled by a noble gas (i.e. He, Ne and Ar) up to the breaking point. The failure points resemble those of viral shells as described by the Foppl-von Karman (FvK) dimensionless number defined in the context of elasticity theory of thin shells. At room temperature, He gas inside the bubbles is found to be in the liquid state while Ne and Ar atoms are in the solid state although the pressure inside the nano bubble is below the melting pressure of the bulk. The trapped gases are under higher hydrostatic pressure at low temperatures than at room temperature.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000776763000001	Publication Date	2022-03-30
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2040-3364; 2040-3372	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.7	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 6.7
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:187924			Serial	7171
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Frolov, A.S.; Callaert, C.; Batuk, M.; Hadermann, J.; Volykhov, A.A.; Sirotina, A.P.; Amati, M.; Gregoratti, L.; Yashina, L.V.
	Title	Nanoscale phase separation in the oxide layer at GeTe (111) surfaces			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Nanoscale	Abbreviated Journal	Nanoscale
	Volume	14	Issue	35	Pages	12918-12927
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	As a semiconductor ferroelectric, GeTe has become a focus of renewed attention due to the recent discovery of giant Rashba splitting. It already has a wide range of applications, from thermoelectricity to data storage. Its stability in ambient air, as well as the structure and properties of an oxide layer, define the processing media for device production and operation. Here, we studied a reaction between the GeTe (111) surface and molecular oxygen for crystals having solely inversion domains. We evaluated the reaction kinetics both ex situ and in situ using NAP XPS. The structure of the oxide layer is extensively discussed, where, according to HAADF-STEM and STEM-EDX, nanoscale phase separation of GeO2 and Te is observed, which is unusual for semiconductors. We believe that such behaviour is closely related to the ferroelectric properties and the domain structure of GeTe.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000847743300001	Publication Date	2022-08-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2040-3364; 2040-3372	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	6.7	Times cited		Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 6.7
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:190665			Serial	7181
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Abedi, S.; Sisakht, E.T.; Hashemifar, S.J.; Cherati, N.G.; Sarsari, I.A.; Peeters, F.M.
	Title	Prediction of novel two-dimensional Dirac nodal line semimetals in Al₂B₂ and AlB₄ monolayers			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Nanoscale	Abbreviated Journal	Nanoscale
	Volume	14	Issue	31	Pages	11270-11283
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	Topological semimetal phases in two-dimensional (2D) materials have gained widespread interest due to their potential applications in novel nanoscale devices. Despite the growing number of studies on 2D topological nodal lines (NLs), candidates with significant topological features that combine nontrivial topological semimetal phase with superconductivity are still rare. Herein, we predict Al2B2 and AlB4 monolayers as new 2D nonmagnetic Dirac nodal line semimetals with several novel features. Our extensive electronic structure calculations combined with analytical studies reveal that, in addition to multiple Dirac points, these 2D configurations host various highly dispersed NLs around the Fermi level, all of which are semimetal states protected by time-reversal and in-plane mirror symmetries. The most intriguing NL in Al2B2 encloses the K point and crosses the Fermi level, showing a considerable dispersion and thus providing a fresh playground to explore exotic properties in dispersive Dirac nodal lines. More strikingly, for the AlB4 monolayer, we provide the first evidence for a set of 2D nonmagnetic open type-II NLs coexisting with superconductivity at a rather high transition temperature. The coexistence of superconductivity and nontrivial band topology in AlB4 not only makes it a promising material to exhibit novel topological superconducting phases, but also a rather large energy dispersion of type-II nodal lines in this configuration may offer a platform for the realization of novel topological features in the 2D limit.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000831003900001	Publication Date	2022-06-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2040-3364; 2040-3372	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	6.7	Times cited		Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 6.7
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:189505			Serial	7196
Permanent link to this record



	Author	De Backer, J.; Maric, D.; Zuhra, K.; Bogaerts, A.; Szabo, C.; Vanden Berghe, W.; Hoogewijs, D.
	Title	Cytoglobin Silencing Promotes Melanoma Malignancy but Sensitizes for Ferroptosis and Pyroptosis Therapy Response			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Antioxidants	Abbreviated Journal	Antioxidants
	Volume	11	Issue	8	Pages	1548
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Proteinscience, proteomics and epigenetic signaling (PPES)
	Abstract	Despite recent advances in melanoma treatment, there are still patients that either do not respond or develop resistance. This unresponsiveness and/or acquired resistance to therapy could be explained by the fact that some melanoma cells reside in a dedifferentiated state. Interestingly, this dedifferentiated state is associated with greater sensitivity to ferroptosis, a lipid peroxidation-reliant, iron-dependent form of cell death. Cytoglobin (CYGB) is an iron hexacoordinated globin that is highly enriched in melanocytes and frequently downregulated during melanomagenesis. In this study, we investigated the potential effect of CYGB on the cellular sensitivity towards (1S, 3R)-RAS-selective lethal small molecule (RSL3)-mediated ferroptosis in the G361 melanoma cells with abundant endogenous expression. Our findings show that an increased basal ROS level and higher degree of lipid peroxidation upon RSL3 treatment contribute to the increased sensitivity of CYGB knockdown G361 cells to ferroptosis. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis demonstrates the enrichment of multiple cancer malignancy pathways upon CYGB knockdown, supporting a tumor-suppressive role for CYGB. Remarkably, CYGB knockdown also triggers activation of the NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and subsequent induction of pyroptosis target genes. Altogether, we show that silencing of CYGB expression modulates cancer therapy sensitivity via regulation of ferroptosis and pyroptosis cell death signaling pathways.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000846411000001	Publication Date	2022-08-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2076-3921	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 7
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:190686			Serial	7102
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	Author	Spaeth, P.; Adhikari, S.; Heyvaert, W.; Zhuo, X.; Garcia, I.; Liz-Marzan, L.M.; Bals, S.; Orrit, M.; Albrecht, W.
	Title	Photothermal circular dichroism measurements of single chiral gold nanoparticles correlated with electron tomography			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	ACS Photonics	Abbreviated Journal	Acs Photonics
	Volume	9	Issue	12	Pages	3995-4004
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Chemically synthesized metal nanoparticles with morphological chiral features are known to exhibit strong circular dichroism. However, we still lack understanding of the correlation between morphological and chiroptical features of plasmonic nanoparticles. To shed light on that question, single nanoparticle experiments are required. We performed photothermal circular dichroism measurements of single chiral and achiral gold nanoparticles and correlated the chiroptical response to the 3D morphology of the same nanoparticles retrieved by electron tomography. In contrast to an ensemble measurement, we show that individual particles within the ensemble display a broad distribution of strength and handedness of circular dichroism signals. Whereas obvious structural chiral features, such as helical wrinkles, translate into chiroptical ones, nanoparticles with less obvious chiral morphological features can also display strong circular dichroism signals. Interestingly, we find that even seemingly achiral nanoparticles can display large g-factors. The origin of this circular dichroism signal is discussed in terms of plasmonics and other potentially relevant factors.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000884432100001	Publication Date	2022-11-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2330-4022	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7	Times cited	5	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	This work was supported by The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) as part of the Open Technology Program (OTP, Project No. 16008) and by a Spinoza prize (M.O.) . W.A. acknowledges an Individual Fellowship funded by the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) in Horizon 2020 Program (Grant No. 797153, SOPMEN) . L.M.L.M. acknowledges funding from MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (Grants PID2020-117779RB-I00 and MDM-2017-0720) . We thank Dr. Wolfgang L?fer for providing optical equipment. We also acknowledge the European Soft Matter Infrastructure (EUSMI: E201200468) .			Approved	Most recent IF: 7
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:192098			Serial	7331
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	Author	Van Oijstaeijen, W.; Van Passel, S.; Back, P.; Cools, J.
	Title	The politics of green infrastructure : a discrete choice experiment with Flemish local decision-makers			Type	Administrative Services
	Year	2022	Publication	Ecological Economics	Abbreviated Journal	Ecol Econ
	Volume	199	Issue		Pages	107493-18
	Keywords	Administrative Services; A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering Management (ENM)
	Abstract	Being confronted with increasing and expanding urbanisation and the loss of natural green spaces, our living environment is threatened more and more by the effects of global climate change. Green infrastructure is often thought of as the solution to increase climate resilience and reinforce the quality of the lived environment simultaneously. While the benefits, or ecosystem services, that are generated through green infrastructure have been studied intensively, forces that influence green infrastructure decision-making have been far less subjected to thorough research. In this study a discrete choice experiment was conducted with local decision makers in Flemish municipalities to reveal crucial factors in the decision process applied to green infrastructure projects. Flanders is one of the most densely built regions in Europe, stressing the urgency to understand local spatial decision factors to guarantee green space. 568 decision makers active in the local administration of 235 Flemish municipalities participated in the experiment, set in a hypothetical neighbourhood park. Every choice alternative exists of five attributes: investment cost, maintenance cost, deferred investment, recreational value, and climate impact. We find that barriers hampering Flemish munipalities' GI implementation, differ over size of the municipality: smallers municipalities are more affected by knowledge gaps, while larger municipalities are experiencing prioritization issues. Results from hierarchical Bayes choice models indicate that municipal decisions on green infrastructure are highly – almost solely -cost-driven, rarely consider the full range of benefits, and centre around short-term and immediate arguments. Moreover, interaction models reveal that a municipalities' financial result is a key determinant of its willingness to invest in public greening and consider long term benefits, suggesting that GI is a luxury good. The results expose some of the heuristics in GI decision making and can be used to inform higher authorities on ways to overcome barriers towards informed decision-making and to facilitate GI investment.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000811715200008	Publication Date	2022-06-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0921-8009; 1873-6106	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 7
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:189018			Serial	7371
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	Author	Bjørnåvold, A.; David, M.; Bohan, D.A.; Gibert, C.; Rousselle, J.-M.; Van Passel, S.
	Title	Why does France not meet its pesticide reduction targets? Farmers' socio-economic trade-offs when adopting agro-ecological practices			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Ecological Economics	Abbreviated Journal	Ecol Econ
	Volume	198	Issue		Pages	107440-28
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering Management (ENM)
	Abstract	Despite substantial policy efforts made by the French government to reduce dependence on pesticides, farming practices are only changing slowly. This paper analyses the socio-economic trade-offs that 110 farmers are currently facing in the transition to agro-ecological practices. A mixed-method approach – a quantitative discrete choice experiment (DCE) and qualitative interviews – was set up to understand these farmers' motivations and perspectives, and how policy can improve to accompany them on the road to low chemical input farming. Results of the DCE indicate that the majority of the farmers in our sample are keen to change practices but are at a loss as to how this can be done, as a number of preferences for this transition came out as inconclusive. Qualitative interviews with a representative sample of the farmers that took part in the DCE complemented this result by illustrating a deep uncertainty for the future and a disconnect felt between authorities and themselves as a group. We argue that this uncertainty contributed to a lack of clear-cut solutions established through the DCE. The indepth discussions with farmers illustrated the wish for concrete and local policy measures based on farmers' networks and peer support.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000802083900003	Publication Date	2022-05-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0921-8009; 1873-6106	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	7	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 7
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:188764			Serial	7375
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Andersen, J.A.; Christensen, J.M.; Østberg, M.; Bogaerts, A.; Jensen, A.D.
	Title	Plasma-catalytic ammonia decomposition using a packed-bed dielectric barrier discharge reactor			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	International Journal Of Hydrogen Energy	Abbreviated Journal	Int J Hydrogen Energ
	Volume	47	Issue	75	Pages	32081-32091
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Plasma-catalytic ammonia decomposition as a method for producing hydrogen was studied in a packed-bed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor at ambient pressure and a fixed plasma power. The influence of packing the plasma zone with various dielectric materials, typically used as catalyst supports, was examined. At conditions (21 W, 75 Nml/min NH3) where an NH3 conversion of 5% was achieved with plasma alone, an improved decomposition was found when introducing dielectric materials with dielectric constants between 4 and 30. Of the tested materials, MgAl2O4 yielded the highest conversion (15.1%). The particle size (0.3-1.4 mm) of the MgAl2O4 packing was found to have a modest influence on the conversion, which dropped from 15.1% to 12.6% with increasing particle size. Impregnation of MgAl2O4 with different metals was found to decrease the NH3 conversion, with the Ni impregnation still showing an improved conversion (7%) compared to plasma-only. The plasma-assisted ammonia decomposition occurs in the gas phase due to micro-discharges, as evident from a linear correlation between the conversion and the frequency of micro-discharges for both plasma alone and with the various solid packing materials. The primary function of the solid is thus to facilitate the gas phase reaction by assisting the creation of micro-discharges. Lastly, insulation of the reactor to raise the temperature to 230 degrees C in the plasma zone was found to have a negative effect on the conversion, as a change from volume discharges to surface discharges occurred. The study shows that NH3 can be decomposed to provide hydrogen by exposure to a non-thermal plasma, but further developments are needed for it to become an energy efficient technology. (C)2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000865421200012	Publication Date	2022-08-17
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0360-3199	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.2	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 7.2
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:191512			Serial	7191
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	Author	Stuyck, W.; Bugaev, A.L.; Nelis, T.; de Oliveira-Silva, R.; Smolders, S.; Usoltsev, O.A.; Arenas Esteban, D.; Bals, S.; Sakellariou, D.; De Vos, D.
	Title	Sustainable formation of tricarballylic acid from citric acid over highly stable Pd/Nb2O5.nH2O catalysts			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Journal of catalysis	Abbreviated Journal	J Catal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000792492100009	Publication Date	2022-02-17
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0021-9517	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.3	Times cited	5	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Russian Science Foundation, 20-43-01015 ; KU Leuven, METU14/04 MK-5853.2021.1.2 ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 7.3
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:186580			Serial	6954
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	Author	Omranian, S.R.; Geluykens, M.; Van Hal, M.; Hasheminejad, N.; Rocha Segundo, I.; Pipintakos, G.; Denys, S.; Tytgat, T.; Fraga Freitas, E.; Carneiro, J.; Verbruggen, S.; Vuye, C.
	Title	Assessing the potential of application of titanium dioxide for photocatalytic degradation of deposited soot on asphalt pavement surfaces			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Construction and building materials	Abbreviated Journal	Constr Build Mater
	Volume	350	Issue		Pages	128859-13
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	It is known that pollutants and their irreparable influence can considerably jeopardize the environment and human health. Such disastrous, growing, hazardous particles urged researchers to find effective ways and diminish their destructive impacts and preserve our planet. This study evaluates the potential of incorporating Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) semiconductor nanoparticles on asphalt pavements to degrade pollutants without compromising bitumen performance. Accordingly, the Response Surface Method (RSM) was employed to develop an experimental matrix based on the central composite design. Image Analysis (IA) was used to determine the rate of soot degradation (as pollutant representative) using MATLAB and ImageJ software. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) were finally carried out to estimate the effects of adding different percentages of TiO2 on the micro -structural features and dispersion of the TiO2, chemical fingerprinting, and rheological performance of the bituminous binder. The results showed a promising potential of TiO2 to degrade soot (over 50%) during the conducted experiments. In addition, the RSM outcomes showed that applying a higher amount of TiO2 is more efficient for pollutant degradation. Finally, no negative impact was observed, neither on the rheological behavior nor on the aging susceptibility of the bitumen, even though the homogenous dispersion of the TiO2 was clearly captured via CLSM.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000848227000001	Publication Date	2022-08-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0950-0618	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.4	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 7.4
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:189820			Serial	7128
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	Author	Quintero-Coronel, D.A.; Lenis-Rodas, Y.A.; Corredor, L.; Perreault, P.; Bula, A.; Gonzalez-Quiroga, A.
	Title	Co-gasification of biomass and coal in a top-lit updraft fixed bed gasifier : syngas composition and its interchangeability with natural gas for combustion applications			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Fuel	Abbreviated Journal	Fuel
	Volume	316	Issue		Pages	123394-11
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	The co-gasification of biomass and coal is a promising approach for efficiently integrating the unique advantages of different gasification feedstock with syngas production. Additionally, syngas from the co-gasification of locally available biomass and coal could supplement the natural gas used in household and industrial burners. The top-lit updraft gasifier features a moving ignition front that starts at the top and propagates downward through the solids bed, while air enters from the bottom and the gas product flows upwards. This study assesses the co-gasification performance of palm kernel shell and high-volatile bituminous coal in a top-lit updraft fixed bed gasifier using 70, 85, and 100 vol% biomass and equivalence ratios ranging from 0.26 to 0.34. The results indicate that the ignition front propagates faster and is more uniform as the biomass volume increases. Micro GC analysis revealed that the H2/CO ratio remained in the range of 0.57–0.59, 0.49–0.51, and 0.42–0.46 for experiments with 70, 85, and 100 vol% biomass, respectively. A gas interchangeability analysis showed that syngas-natural gas blends with up to 15 vol% of syngas could combust in atmospheric natural gas burners without modifications. Thus, the top-lit updraft gasifier shows excellent potential for the co-gasification of coal and biomass. Further research on this technology should explore steam as a gasification agent to enhance the syngas energy content and continuous solids feeding.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000783173000003	Publication Date	2022-01-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0016-2361	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.4	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 7.4
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:187752			Serial	7136
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	Author	Neven, L.; Barich, H.; Ching, H.Y.V.; Khan, S.U.; Colomier, C.; Patel, H.H.; Gorun, S.M.; Verbruggen, S.; Van Doorslaer, S.; De Wael, K.
	Title	Correlation between the fluorination degree of perfluorinated zinc phthalocyanines, their singlet oxygen generation ability, and their photoelectrochemical response for phenol sensing			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Anal Chem
	Volume	94	Issue	13	Pages	5221-5230
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Organic synthesis (ORSY); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL); Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab)
	Abstract	Electron-withdrawing perfluoroalkyl peripheral groups grafted on phthalocyanine (Pc) macrocycles improve their single-site isolation, solubility, and resistance to self-oxidation, all beneficial features for catalytic applications. A high degree of fluorination also enhances the reducibility of Pcs and could alter their singlet oxygen (1O2) photoproduction. The ethanol/toluene 20:80 vol % solvent mixture was found to dissolve perfluorinated FnPcZn complexes, n = 16, 52, and 64, and minimize the aggregation of the sterically unencumbered F16PcZn. The 1O2 production ability of FnPcZn complexes was examined using 9,10-dimethylanthracene (DMA) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (TEMP) in combination with UV–vis and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, respectively. While the photoreduction of F52PcZn and F64PcZn in the presence of redox-active TEMP lowered 1O2 production, DMA was a suitable 1O2 trap for ranking the complexes. The solution reactivity was complemented by solid-state studies via the construction of photoelectrochemical sensors based on TiO2-supported FnPcZn, FnPcZn\|TiO2. Phenol photo-oxidation by 1O2, followed by its electrochemical reduction, defines a redox cycle, the 1O2 production having been found to depend on the value of n and structural features of the supported complexes. Consistent with solution studies, F52PcZn was found to be the most efficient 1O2 generator. The insights on reactivity testing and structural–activity relationships obtained may be useful for designing efficient and robust sensors and for other 1O2-related applications of FnPcZn.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000786254500002	Publication Date	2022-03-22
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-2700; 5206-882x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.4	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 7.4
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:187522			Serial	7141
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	Author	Girard-Sahun, F.; Lefrancois, P.; Badets, V.; Arbault, S.; Clement, F.
	Title	Direct sensing of superoxide and its relatives reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in phosphate buffers during cold atmospheric plasmas exposures			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Analytical Chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Anal Chem
	Volume	94	Issue	14	Pages	5555-5565
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	This study aims at sensing in situ reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and specifically superoxide anion (O-2(center dot-)) in aqueous buffer solutions exposed to cold atmospheric plasmas (CAPs). CAPs were generated by ionizing He gas shielded with variable N-2/O-2 mixtures. Thanks to ultramicroelectrodes protected against the high electric fields transported by the ionization waves of CAPs, the production of superoxide and several RONS was electrochemically directly detected in liquids during their plasma exposure. Complementarily, optical emissive spectroscopy (OES) was used to study the plasma phase composition and its correlation with the chemistry in the exposed liquid. The specific production of O-2(center dot-), a biologically reactive redox species, was analyzed by cyclic voltammetry (CV), in both alkaline (pH 11), where the species is fairly stable, and physiological (pH 7.4) conditions, where it is unstable. To understand its generation with respect to the plasma chemistry, we varied the shielding gas composition of CAPs to directly impact on the RONS composition at the plasma-liquid interface. We observed that the production and accumulation of RONS in liquids, including O(2)(center dot-)depends on the plasma composition, with N-2-based shieldings providing the highest superoxide concentrations (few 10s of micromolar at most) and of its derivatives (hundreds of micromolar). In situ spectroscopic and electrochemical analyses provide a high resolution kinetic and quantitative understanding of the interactions between CAPs and physiological solutions for biomedical applications.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000805334400013	Publication Date	2022-03-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-2700; 5206-882x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	7.4	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 7.4
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:189093			Serial	7143
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kummamuru, N.B.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Lenaerts, S.; Perreault, P.
	Title	Experimental investigation of methane hydrate formation in the presence of metallic packing			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Fuel	Abbreviated Journal	Fuel
	Volume	323	Issue		Pages	124269-10
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Clathrate hydrates gained significant attention as a viable option for large-scale storage of natural gas, primarily methane (CH4). Unlike employing the nanoconfinement for enhancing the nucleation sites and hydrate growth as in the porous materials, whose synthesis is often associated with high costs and poor batch reproducibility, a new approach for promoting CH4 hydrates using pure water (H2O) in an unstirred reactor packed with stainless steel beads (SSB) was proposed in this fundamental work, where the interstitial space between the beads was exploited for enhanced hydrate growth. SSB of two diameters, 5 mm and 2 mm, were used as. a packed bed to investigate their effects on CH4 hydrate formation at 273.65 K, 275.65 K, and 277.65 K with an initial pressure of 6 MPa. The thermal conductivity of SSB packing potentially aided hydrate growth by expelling the hydration heat, while, the results also revealed that driving force has a substantial impact on the rate of CH4 hydrate formation and gas uptake. The experiments conducted in both 5 mm and 2 mm SSB packed bed reactors showed a maximum gas uptake of 0.147 mol CH4/mol H2O at 273.65 K with water to hydrate conversion of 84.42% with no significant variation. The results established the promotion effect on the kinetics of CH4 hydrate formation in the unstirred reactor packed with 2 mm SSB due to the availability of more interstitial space offering multiple nucleation sites for CH4 hydrate by providing a larger specific surface area for H2O-CH4 reaction. Experiments with varying H2O content were also performed and the results showed that the water to hydrate conversion and rate of hydrate formation could be enhanced at a lower H2O content in a packed bed reactor. This study demonstrates that the use of costly or intricate porous materials can be made redundant, by exploiting the interstitial voids in packing of cheap and widely available SSB as a promising alternative material for enhancing the kinetics of artificial CH4 hydrate synthesis.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000799165400007	Publication Date	2022-04-27
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0016-2361	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.4	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 7.4
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:187830			Serial	7159
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	Author	Khan, S.U.; Trashin, S.; Beltran, V.; Korostei, Y.S.; Pelmus, M.; Gorun, S.M.; Dubinina, T., V.; Verbruggen, S.W.; De Wael, K.
	Title	Photoelectrochemical behavior of phthalocyanine-sensitized TiO₂ in the presence of electron-shuttling mediators			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Anal Chem
	Volume	94	Issue	37	Pages	12723-12731
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL); Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab)
	Abstract	Dye-sensitized TiO(2 )has found many applications for dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC), solar-to-chemical energy conversion, water/air purification systems, and (electro)chemical sensors. We report an electrochemical system for testing dye-sensitized materials that can be utilized in photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors and energy conversion. Unlike related systems, the reported system does not require a direct electron transfer from semiconductors to electrodes. Rather, it relies on electron shuttling by redox mediators. A range of model photocatalytic materials were prepared using three different TiO2 materials (P25, P90, and PC500) and three sterically hindered phthalocyanines (Pcs) with electron-rich tert-butyl substituents (t-Bu4PcZn, t-Bu4PcAlCl, and t-Bu4PcH2). The materials were compared with previously developed TiO(2 )modified by electron-deficient, also sterically hindered fluorinated phthalocyanine F64PcZn, a singlet oxygen (O-1(2)) producer, as well as its metal-free derivative, F64PcH2. The PEC activity depended on the redox mediator, as well as the type of TiO2 and Pc. By comparing the responses of one-electron shuttles, such as K4Fe(CN)(4), and O-1(2)-reactive electron shuttles, such as phenol, it is possible to reveal the action mechanism of the supported photosensitizers, while the overall activity can be assessed using hydroquinone. t-Bu4PcAlCl showed significantly lower blank responses and higher specific responses toward chlorophenols compared to t-Bu4PcZn due to the electron-withdrawing effect of the Al3+ metal center. The combination of reactivity insights and the need for only microgram amounts of sensing materials renders the reported system advantageous for practical applications.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000855284300001	Publication Date	2022-09-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-2700; 5206-882x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.4	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 7.4
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:190602			Serial	7190
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	Author	Wanten, B.; Maerivoet, S.; Vantomme, C.; Slaets, J.; Trenchev, G.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Dry reforming of methane in an atmospheric pressure glow discharge: Confining the plasma to expand the performance			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Journal Of Co2 Utilization	Abbreviated Journal	J Co2 Util
	Volume	56	Issue		Pages	101869
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	We present a confined atmospheric pressure glow discharge plasma reactor, with very good performance towards dry reforming of methane, i.e., CO2 and CH4 conversion of 64 % and 94 %, respectively, at an energy cost of 3.5–4 eV/molecule (or 14–16 kJ/L). This excellent performance is among the best reported up to now for all types of plasma reactors in literature, and is due to the confinement of the plasma, which maximizes the fraction of gas passing through the active plasma region. The main product formed is syngas, with H2O and C2H2 as byproducts. We developed a quasi-1D chemical kinetics model, showing good agreement with the experimental results, which provides a thorough insight in the reaction pathways underlying the conversion of CO2 and CH4 and the formation of the different products.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000740230000002	Publication Date	2021-12-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2212-9820	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.7	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	Vlaamse regering; European Research Council, 810182 ; Herculesstichting; European Research Council; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Universiteit Antwerpen; This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 810182 – SCOPE ERC Synergy project), and through long-term structural funding (Methusalem). The calculations were performed using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UAntwerpen), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UAntwerpen. Finally, we thank T. Kenis, J. Van den Hoek, and T. Breugelmans from the University of Antwerp, for per forming the liquid analysis.			Approved	Most recent IF: 7.7
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:185163			Serial	6899
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	Author	Li, S.; Liu, C.; Bogaerts, A.; Gallucci, F.
	Title	Editorial: Special issue on CO2 utilization with plasma technology			Type	Editorial
	Year	2022	Publication	Journal Of Co2 Utilization	Abbreviated Journal	J Co2 Util
	Volume	61	Issue		Pages	102017
	Keywords	Editorial; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Plasma technology has advanced significantly in recent years, with application ranging from chemical conversion, to surface treatment, material development and several other fields. Special attention has been paid to the development of possible novel approaches for the conversion of chemicals in a more sustainable way. Plasma technology offers advantages over thermochemical routes such as high process versatility, mild reaction condition, one-step synthesis, fast reaction and instant control. More importantly, it can be easily combined with electricity generated from various renewable sources and is suitable for energy storage via the conversion of intermittent renewable energy into carbon-neutral fuels or other chemicals. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the development of plasma technology for CO2 utilization. Investigation on different reactions such as CO2 splitting, dry reforming of methane (DRM) and CO2 hydrogenation with different types of plasma reactors and catalysts have been reported by researchers worldwide. Although technological maturity still needs to be increased, the potential of plasma has been well-recognized by the scientific community and industry. More research output in the future is expected as a result of intensive research activities and various kinds of investment. In this context, we present this special issue on CO2 utilization with plasma technology, which collects 22 articles, covering topics in related areas such as plasma reactor design, plasma catalysis, plasmamaterial interaction, modeling and new ideas for possible applications.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000798071200005	Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2212-9820	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	7.7	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 7.7
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:188287			Serial	7058
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	Author	Vertongen, R.; Trenchev, G.; Van Loenhout, R.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Enhancing CO2 conversion with plasma reactors in series and O2 removal			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Journal Of Co2 Utilization	Abbreviated Journal	J Co2 Util
	Volume	66	Issue		Pages	102252
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	In this work, we take a crucial step towards the industrial readiness of plasma-based CO2 conversion. We present a stepwise method to study plasma reactors in series as a first approach to a recycle flow. By means of this procedure, the CO2 conversion is enhanced by a factor of 3, demonstrating that a single-pass plasma treatment performs far below the optimal capacity of the reactor. Furthermore, we explore the effect of O2 in the mixture with our flexible procedure. Addition of O2 in the mixture has a clear detrimental effect on the conversion, in agreement with other experiments in atmospheric pressure plasmas. O2 removal is however highly beneficial, demonstrating a conversion per pass that is 1.6 times higher than the standard procedure. Indeed, extracting one of the products prevents recombination reactions. Based on these insights, we discuss opportunities for further improvements, especially in the field of specialised separation techniques.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000872550900003	Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2212-9820	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.7	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	We acknowledge financial support from the Fund for Scientific Research (FWO) Flanders (Grant ID 110221 N), the Flemish Agency for Innovation and Entrepreneurship (VLAIO) (Grant ID HBC.2021.0251), and the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 810182 – SCOPE ERC Synergy project). We also thank L. Hollevoet, K. Rouwenhorst, F. Girard-Sahun, B. Wanten and I. Tsonev for the interesting discussions and practical help with the experiments.			Approved	Most recent IF: 7.7
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:191467			Serial	7111
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	Author	Meng, X.; Chen, S.; Peng, H.; Bai, H.; Zhang, S.; Su, X.; Tan, G.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Sun, Z.; Zhang, Q.; Tang, X.; Wu, J.
	Title	Ferroelectric engineering : enhanced thermoelectric performance by local structural heterogeneity			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Science China : materials	Abbreviated Journal	Sci China Mater
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Although traditional ferroelectric materials are usually dielectric and nonconductive, GeTe is a typical ferroelectric semiconductor, possessing both ferroelectric and semiconducting properties. GeTe is also a widely studied thermoelectric material, whose performance has been optimized by doping with various elements. However, the impact of the ferroelectric domains on the thermoelectric properties remains unclear due to the difficulty to directly observe the ferroelectric domains and their evolutions under actual working conditions where the material is exposed to high temperatures and electric currents. Herein, based on in-situ investigations of the ferroelectric domains and domain walls in both pure and Sb-doped GeTe crystals, we have been able to analyze the dynamic evolution of the ferroelectric domains and domain walls, exposed to an electric field and temperature. Local structural heterogeneities and nano-sized ferroelectric domains are generated due to the interplay of the Sb3+ dopant and the Ge-vacancies, leading to the increased number of charged domain walls and a much improved thermoelectric performance. This work reveals the fundamental mechanism of ferroelectric thermoelectrics and provides insights into the decoupling of previously interdependent properties such as thermo-power and electrical conductivity.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000749973500001	Publication Date	2022-02-02
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2095-8226; 2199-4501	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.1	Times cited		Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 8.1
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:186429			Serial	6959
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	Author	Chen, J.; Ying, J.; Xiao, Y.; Dong, Y.; Ozoemena, K., I; Lenaerts, S.; Yang, X.
	Title	Stoichiometry design in hierarchical CoNiFe phosphide for highly efficient water oxidation			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Science China : materials	Abbreviated Journal	Sci China Mater
	Volume	65	Issue	10	Pages	2685-2693
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Rational composition design of trimetallic phosphide catalysts is of significant importance for enhanced surface reaction and efficient catalytic performance. Herein, hierarchical CoxNiyFezP with precise control of stoichiometric metallic elements (x:y:z = (1-10):(1-10):1) has been synthesized, and Co1.3Ni0.5Fe0.2P, as the most optimal composition, exhibits remarkable catalytic activity (eta = 320 mV at 10 mA cm(-2)) and long-term stability (ignorable decrease after 10 h continuous test at the current density of 10 mA cm(-2)) toward oxygen evolution reaction (OER). It is found that the surface P in Co1.3Ni0.5Fe0.2P was replaced by 0 under the OER process. The density function theory calculations before and after long-term stability tests suggest the clear increasing of the density of states near the Fermi level of Co1.3Ni0.5Fe0.2P/ Co1.3Ni0.5Fe0.2O, which could enhance the OH- adsorption of our electrocatalysts and the corresponding OER performance.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000805530000001	Publication Date	2022-05-27
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2095-8226; 2199-4501	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.1	Times cited		Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 8.1
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:189074			Serial	7212
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	Author	Thomassen, G.; Van Passel, S.; Alaerts, L.; Dewulf, J.
	Title	Retrospective and prospective material flow analysis of the post-consumer plastic packaging waste management system in Flanders			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Waste Management	Abbreviated Journal	Waste Manage
	Volume	147	Issue		Pages	10-21
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering Management (ENM)
	Abstract	The post-consumer plastic packaging waste management in Flanders was analyzed by performing a retrospective material flow analysis, covering an extensive period from 1985 to 2019. In addition, a prospective material flow analysis of 32 improvement scenarios was performed, based on expected changes in the waste management system. Mass recovery rates were calculated based on different interpretations of the calculation rules. Moreover, various cascading levels were identified to differentiate between the quality level of the secondary applications. The mass recovery rate including only recycling evolved from a value of 0% in 1985 to 31% in 2019 and could be increased to 36-62% depending on the improvement scenario selected. However, the different interpretations of the calculation rules led to a variation of up to 20 and 41% on this mass recovery rates for the retrospective and prospective analysis, respectively. The introduction of monostream recycling for additional post-consumer plastic packaging flows, such as low-density polyethylene, did not lead to increasing mass recovery rates, if no differentiation for the cascading levels was made. The Belgian recycling target of 65% for 2023 will be challenging if the strictest calculation method needs to be followed or if the improvements in the Flemish postconsumer plastic packaging waste system do not follow the best-case collection scenarios under the given assumptions. To harmonize the calculation and monitoring of these targets, clear calculation rules need to be accompanied with a harmonized monitoring system over the entire waste management system.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000802961100002	Publication Date	2022-05-17
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0956-053x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.1	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 8.1
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:188651			Serial	7367
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	Author	Larraín, M.; Billen, P.; Van Passel, S.
	Title	The effect of plastic packaging recycling policy interventions as a complement to extended producer responsibility schemes : a partial equilibrium model			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Waste Management	Abbreviated Journal	Waste Manage
	Volume	153	Issue		Pages	355-366
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering Management (ENM); Intelligence in PRocesses, Advanced Catalysts and Solvents (iPRACS)
	Abstract	Extended producer responsibility (EPR) schemes have effectively increased the plastic waste that is separately collected. However, due to the structure of the recycling industry, EPR cannot increase recycling rates up to the target levels.Additional policy instruments to increase recycling rates such as recycled content targets, green dot fees bonus for recycled content, recycling targets and taxes on non-recycled plastic packaging have been discussed on a political level in the last years. However, very little research has quantitatively studied the effectiveness of these policy interventions.Using a partial equilibrium model, this paper examines the effectiveness of the implementation of the aforementioned policy instruments to increase recycling rates and the impact on different stakeholders of the value chain: plastic producers, consumers, producer responsibility organization and recyclers.Results show that direct interventions (recycled content standards and recycling targets) have the benefit of decoupling the recycling industry from external markets such as the oil market. They can be a good starting point to increase recycling, but in the long term they may be restricting by not presenting incentives to achieve recycling levels beyond the targeted amounts and by limiting technological innovation. On the contrary, eco-nomic interventions such as a green dot fee bonus or a packaging tax create economic incentives for recycling. However, these incentives are diminished by the lower perceived quality of packaging with higher recycled content levels.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000868915000004	Publication Date	2022-09-30
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0956-053x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.1	Times cited		Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 8.1
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:191367			Serial	7370
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	Author	Zhang, Y.; Qin, S.; Claes, N.; Schilling, W.; Sahoo, P.K.; Ching, H.Y.V.; Jaworski, A.; Lemière, F.; Slabon, A.; Van Doorslaer, S.; Bals, S.; Das, S.
	Title	Direct Solar Energy-Mediated Synthesis of Tertiary Benzylic Alcohols Using a Metal-Free Heterogeneous Photocatalyst			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering	Abbreviated Journal	Acs Sustain Chem Eng
	Volume	10	Issue	1	Pages	530-540
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Organic synthesis (ORSY)
	Abstract	Direct hydroxylation via the functionalization of tertiary benzylic C(sp3)-H bond is of great significance for obtaining tertiary alcohols which find wide applications in pharmaceuticals as well as in fine chemical industries. However, current synthetic procedures use toxic reagents and therefore, the development of a sustainable strategy for the synthesis of tertiary benzyl alcohols is highly desirable. To solve this problem, herein, we report a metal-free heterogeneous photocatalyst to synthesize the hydroxylated products using oxygen as the key reagent. Various benzylic substrates were employed into our mild reaction conditions to afford the desirable products in good to excellent yields. More importantly, gram-scale reaction was achieved via harvesting direct solar energy and exhibited high quantity of the product. The high stability of the catalyst was proved via recycling the catalyst and spectroscopic analyses. Finally, a possible mechanism was proposed based on the EPR and other experimental evidence.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000736518000001	Publication Date	2022-01-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2168-0485	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.4	Times cited	24	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	We thank BOF joint PhD grant (to Y. Z.), Francqui Foundation and FWO research grant (to S.D.), Chinese Scholarship Council (to Y.Z.). A.S. would like to thank the Swedish Energy Agency for financial support (project nr: 5050-1). The SEM microscope was partly funded by the Hercules Fund from the Flemish Government.			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.4
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:184744			Serial	6900
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	Author	Hollevoet, L.; Vervloessem, E.; Gorbanev, Y.; Nikiforov, A.; De Geyter, N.; Bogaerts, A.; Martens, J.A.
	Title	Energy‐Efficient Small‐Scale Ammonia Synthesis Process with Plasma‐enabled Nitrogen Oxidation and Catalytic Reduction of Adsorbed NO_x			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Chemsuschem	Abbreviated Journal	Chemsuschem
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Industrial ammonia production without CO2 emission and with low energy consumption is one of the technological grand challenges of this age. Current Haber-Bosch ammonia mass production processes work with a thermally activated iron catalyst needing high pressure. The need for large volumes of hydrogen gas and the continuous operation mode render electrification of Haber-Bosch plants difficult to achieve. Electrochemical solutions at low pressure and temperature are faced with the problematic inertness of the nitrogen molecule on electrodes. Direct reduction of N2 to ammonia is only possible with very reactive chemicals such as lithium metal, the regeneration of which is energy intensive. Here, the attractiveness of an oxidative route for N2 activation was presented. N2 conversion to NOx in a plasma reactor followed by reduction with H2 on a heterogeneous catalyst at low pressure could be an energy-efficient option for small-scale distributed ammonia production with renewable electricity and without intrinsic CO2 footprint.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000772893400001	Publication Date	2022-03-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1864-5631	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.4	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	Vlaamse regering, HBC.2019.0108 ; Vlaamse regering; KU Leuven, C3/20/067 ; We gratefully acknowledge financial support by the Flemish Government through the Moonshot cSBO project P2C (HBC.2019.0108). J.A.M. and A.B. acknowledge the Flemish Government for long-term structural funding (Methusalem). J.A.M. © 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.4
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:187251			Serial	7054
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	Author	Bignoli, F.; Rashid, S.; Rossi, E.; Jaddi, S.; Djemia, P.; Terraneo, G.; Li Bassi, A.; Idrissi, H.; Pardoen, T.; Sebastiani, M.; Ghidelli, M.
	Title	Effect of annealing on mechanical properties and thermal stability of ZrCu/O nanocomposite amorphous films synthetized by pulsed laser deposition			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Materials & design	Abbreviated Journal	Mater Design
	Volume	221	Issue		Pages	110972-10
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Binary ZrCu nanocomposite amorphous films are synthetized by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) under vac-uum (2 x 10-3 Pa) and 10 Pa He pressure, leading to fully amorphous compact and nanogranular mor-phologies, respectively. Then, post-thermal annealing treatments are carried out to explore thermal stability and crystallization phenomena together with the evolution of mechanical properties. Compact films exhibit larger thermal stability with partial crystallization phenomena starting at 420 degrees C, still to be completed at 550 degrees C, while nanogranular films exhibit early-stage crystallization at 300 degrees C and com-pleted at 485 degrees C. The microstructural differences are related to a distinct evolution of mechanical
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000886072100004	Publication Date	2022-07-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0264-1275; 1873-4197	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.4	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 8.4
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:192194			Serial	7299
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	Author	Hao, Y.; Velpula, G.; Kaltenegger, M.; Bodlos, W.R.; Vibert, F.; Mali, K.S.; De Feyter, S.; Resel, R.; Geerts, Y.H.; Van Aert, S.; Beljonne, D.; Lazzaroni, R.
	Title	From 2D to 3D : bridging self-assembled monolayers to a substrate-induced polymorph in a molecular semiconductor			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Chemistry of materials	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Mater
	Volume	34	Issue	5	Pages	2238-2248
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	In this study, a new bottom-up approach is proposed to predict the crystal structure of the substrate-induced polymorph (SIP) of an archetypal molecular semiconductor. In spite of intense efforts, the formation mechanism of SIPs is still not fully understood, and predicting their crystal structure is a very delicate task. Here, we selected lead phthalocyanine (PbPc) as a prototypical molecular material because it is a highly symmetrical yet nonplanar molecule and we demonstrate that the growth and crystal structure of the PbPc SIPs can be templated by the corresponding physisorbed self-assembled molecular networks (SAMNs). Starting from SAMNs of PbPc formed at the solution/graphite interface, the structural and energetic aspects of the assembly were studied by a combination of in situ scanning tunneling microscopy and multiscale computational chemistry approach. Then, the growth of a PbPc SIP on top of the physisorbed monolayer was modeled without prior experimental knowledge, from which the crystal structure of the SIP was predicted. The theoretical prediction of the SIP was verified by determining the crystal structure of PbPc thin films using X-ray diffraction techniques, revealing the formation of a new polymorph of PbPc on the graphite substrate. This study clearly illustrates the correlation between the SAMNs and SIPs, which are traditionally considered as two separate but conceptually connected research areas. This approach is applicable to molecular materials in general to predict the crystal structure of their SIPs.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000812125800001	Publication Date	2022-02-17
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0897-4756; 1520-5002	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.6	Times cited		Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 8.6
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:189086			Serial	7084
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	Author	Van Winckel, T.; Ngo, N.; Sturm, B.; Al-Omari, A.; Wett, B.; Bott, C.; Vlaeminck, S.E.; De Clippeleir, H.
	Title	Enhancing bioflocculation in high-rate activated sludge improves effluent quality yet increases sensitivity to surface overflow rate			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Chemosphere	Abbreviated Journal	Chemosphere
	Volume	308	Issue	2	Pages	136294-11
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	High-rate activated sludge (HRAS) relies on good bioflocculation and subsequent solid-liquid separation to maximize the capture of organics. However, full-scale applications often suffer from poor and unpredictable effluent suspended solids (ESS). While the biological aspects of bioflocculation are thoroughly investigated, the effects of fines (settling velocity < 0.6 m3/m2/h), shear and surface overflow rate (SOR) are unclear. This work tackled the impact of fines, shear, and SOR on the ESS in absence of settleable influent solids. This was assessed on a full-scale HRAS step-feed (SF) and pilot-scale HRAS contact-stabilization (CS) configuration using batch settling tests, controlled clarifier experiments, and continuous operation of reactors. Fines contributed up to 25% of the ESS in the full-scale SF configuration. ESS decreased up to 30 mg TSS/L when bioflocculation was enhanced with the CS configuration. The feast-famine regime applied in CS promoted the production of high-quality extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). However, this resulted in a narrow and unfavorable settling velocity distribution, with 50% ± 5% of the sludge mass settling between 0.6 and 1.5 m3/m2/h, thus increasing sensitivity towards SOR changes. A low shear environment (20 s−1) before the clarifier for at least one min was enough to ensure the best possible settling velocity distribution, regardless of prior shear conditions. Overall, this paper provides a more complete view on the drivers of ESS in HRAS systems, creating the foundation for the design of effective HRAS clarifiers. Tangible recommendations are given on how to manage fines and establish the optimal settling velocity of the sludge.
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000863979600006	Publication Date	2022-09-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0045-6535; 1879-1298	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	8.8	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 8.8
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:190187			Serial	7154
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	Author	Le, T.-S.; Nguyen, P.-D.; Ngo, H.H.; Bui, X.-T.; Dang, B.-T.; Diels, L.; Bui, H.-H.; Nguyen, M.-T.; Le Quang, D.-T.
	Title	Two-stage anaerobic membrane bioreactor for co-treatment of food waste and kitchen wastewater for biogas production and nutrients recovery			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Chemosphere	Abbreviated Journal	Chemosphere
	Volume	309	Issue	1	Pages	136537-136539
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Co-digestion of organic waste and wastewater is receiving increased attention as a plausible waste management approach toward energy recovery. However, traditional anaerobic processes for co-digestion are particularly susceptible to severe organic loading rates (OLRs) under long-term treatment. To enhance technological feasi-bility, this work presented a two-stage Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (2 S-AnMBR) composed of a hydrolysis reactor (HR) followed by an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) for long-term co-digestion of food waste and kitchen wastewater. The OLRs were expanded from 4.5, 5.6, and 6.9 kg COD m- 3 d-1 to optimize biogas yield, nitrogen recovery, and membrane fouling at ambient temperatures of 25-32 degrees C. Results showed that specific methane production of UASB was 249 +/- 7 L CH4 kg-1 CODremoved at the OLR of 6.9 kg TCOD m- 3 d-1. Total Chemical Oxygen Demand (TCOD) loss by hydrolysis was 21.6% of the input TCOD load at the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2 days. However, low total volatile fatty acid concentrations were found in the AnMBR, indicating that a sufficiently high hydrolysis efficiency could be accomplished with a short HRT. Furthermore, using AnMBR structure consisting of an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor (UASB) followed by a side -stream ultrafiltration membrane alleviated cake membrane fouling. The wasted digestate from the AnMBR comprised 42-47% Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) and 57-68% total phosphorous loading, making it suitable for use in soil amendments or fertilizers. Finally, the predominance of fine particles (D10 = 0.8 mu m) in the ultra -filtration membrane housing (UFMH) could lead to a faster increase in trans-membrane pressure during the filtration process.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000866470600004	Publication Date	2022-09-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0045-6535; 1879-1298	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.8	Times cited		Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 8.8
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:191557			Serial	7347
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	Author	Hajizadeh, A.; Shahalizade, T.; Riahifar, R.; Yaghmaee, M.S.; Raissi, B.; Gholam, S.; Aghaei, A.; Rahimisheikh, S.; Ghazvini, A.S.
	Title	Electrophoretic deposition as a fabrication method for Li-ion battery electrodes and separators : a review			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Journal of power sources	Abbreviated Journal	J Power Sources
	Volume	535	Issue		Pages	231448-26
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD) is one of the alternative methods to fabricate and enhance the performance of Li-ion batteries. It enables the fabrication of electrodes with outstanding qualities and different electrochemical properties by the great domination over various parameters. EPD facilitates the processing of electrodes by binder-free grafting of nanomaterials, such as graphene derivatives, carbon nanotube, and nanoparticles, into the battery electrodes. It also enables the assembly of the free-standing electrodes with 3D structure and provides possibilities, such as the fabrication of the electrodes with an oriented microstructure, even on 3D substrates to improve the energy or power density. In this review, after an introduction to EPD, the effect of EPD parameters on the properties of the prepared electrodes is reviewed. Then, EPD is compared with tape cast, and its advantages over the conventional method are evaluated. Also, employing the EPD method as an intermediate process is discussed. Finally, the application of EPD in the fabrication of separators is assessed, and the prospects for the future are described.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000913348500001	Publication Date	2022-04-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0378-7753	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	9.2	Times cited		Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 9.2
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:194403			Serial	7303
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