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Author | Zhang, L.; Heijkers, S.; Wang, W.; Martini, L.M.; Tosi, P.; Yang, D.; Fang, Z.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Dry reforming of methane in a nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge: chemical kinetics modeling | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2022 | Publication | Plasma Sources Science & Technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 31 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 055014 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Nanosecond pulsed discharge plasma shows a high degree of non-equilibrium, and exhibits relatively high conversions in the dry reforming of methane. To further improve the application, a good insight of the underlying mechanisms is desired. We developed a chemical kinetics model to explore the underlying plasma chemistry in nanosecond pulsed discharge. We compared the calculated conversions and product selectivities with experimental results, and found reasonable agreement in a wide range of specific energy input. Hence, the chemical kinetics model is able to provide insight in the underlying plasma chemistry. The modeling results predict that the most important dissociation reaction of CO<sub>2</sub>and CH<sub>4</sub>is electron impact dissociation. C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>is the most abundant hydrocarbon product, and it is mainly formed upon reaction of two CH<sub>2</sub>radicals. Furthermore, the vibrational excitation levels of CO<sub>2</sub>contribute for 85% to the total dissociation of CO<sub>2</sub>. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000797660000001 | Publication Date | 2022-05-01 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record | |
Impact Factor | 3.8 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
Notes | China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China, 11965018 ; This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52077026, 11965018), L Zhang was also supported by the China Scholarship Council (CSC). Data availability statement The data that support the findings of this study are available upon reasonable request from the authors. | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.8 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:188537 | Serial | 7069 | ||
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Author | Bruggeman, P.J.; Bogaerts, A.; Pouvesle, J.M.; Robert, E.; Szili, E.J. | ||||
Title | Plasma–liquid interactions | Type | A1 Journal Article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Journal Of Applied Physics | Abbreviated Journal | J Appl Phys |
Volume | 130 | Issue | 20 | Pages | 200401 |
Keywords | A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ; | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | Publication Date | 2021-11-28 | ||
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0021-8979 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record | |
Impact Factor | 2.068 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.068 | |||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:184245 | Serial | 6830 | ||
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Author | Vanraes, P.; Parayil Venugopalan, S.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Multiscale modeling of plasma–surface interaction—General picture and a case study of Si and SiO2etching by fluorocarbon-based plasmas | Type | A1 Journal Article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Applied Physics Reviews | Abbreviated Journal | Appl Phys Rev |
Volume | 8 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 041305 |
Keywords | A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ; | ||||
Abstract | The physics and chemistry of plasma–surface interaction is a broad domain relevant to various applications and several natural processes, including plasma etching for microelectronics fabrication, plasma deposition, surface functionalization, nanomaterial synthesis, fusion reactors, and some astrophysical and meteorological phenomena. Due to their complex nature, each of these processes is generally investigated in separate subdomains, which are considered to have their own theoretical, modeling, and experimental challenges. In this review, however, we want to emphasize the overarching nature of plasma–surface interaction physics and chemistry, by focusing on the general strategy for its computational simulation. In the first half of the review, we provide a menu card with standard and less standardized computational methods to be used for the multiscale modeling of the underlying processes. In the second half, we illustrate the benefits and potential of the multiscale modeling strategy with a case study of Si and SiO2 etching by fluorocarbon plasmas and identify the gaps in knowledge still present on this intensely investigated plasma–material combination, both on a qualitative and quantitative level. Remarkably, the dominant etching mechanisms remain the least understood. The resulting new insights are of general relevance, for all plasmas and materials, including their various applications. We therefore hope to motivate computational and experimental scientists and engineers to collaborate more intensely on filling the existing gaps in knowledge. In this way, we expect that research will overcome a bottleneck stage in the development and optimization of multiscale models, and thus the fundamental understanding of plasma–surface interaction. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000754799700001 | Publication Date | 2021-10-07 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1931-9401 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 13.667 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
Notes | Asml; P. Vanraes acknowledges funding by ASML for the project “Computational simulation of plasma etching of trench structures.” P. Vanraes wishes to thank Violeta Georgieva and Stefan Tinck for the fruitful discussions on the HPEM code, Yu-Ru Zhang for an example of the CCP reactor code, and Karel Venken for his technical help with the server maintenance and use. P. Vanraes and A. Bogaerts want to express their gratitude to Mark J. Kushner (University of Michigan) for the sharing of the HPEM and MCFPM codes and for the interesting exchange of views. S. P. Venugopalan wishes to thank Sander Wuister, Coen Verschuren, Michael Kubis, Mohammad Kamali, | Approved | Most recent IF: 13.667 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:183287 | Serial | 6814 | ||
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Author | Vanraes, P.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | The essential role of the plasma sheath in plasma–liquid interaction and its applications—A perspective | Type | A1 Journal Article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Journal Of Applied Physics | Abbreviated Journal | J Appl Phys |
Volume | 129 | Issue | 22 | Pages | 220901 |
Keywords | A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ; | ||||
Abstract | Based on the current knowledge, a plasma–liquid interface looks and behaves very differently from its counterpart at a solid surface. Local processes characteristic to most liquids include a stronger evaporation, surface deformations, droplet ejection, possibly distinct mechanisms behind secondary electron emission, the formation of an electric double layer, and an ion drift-mediated liquid resistivity. All of them can strongly influence the interfacial charge distribution. Accordingly, the plasma sheath at a liquid surface is most likely unique in its own way, both with respect to its structure and behavior. However, insights into these properties are still rather scarce or uncertain, and more studies are required to further disclose them. In this Perspective, we argue why more research on the plasma sheath is not only recommended but also crucial to an accurate understanding of the plasma–liquid interaction. First, we analyze how the sheath regulates various elementary processes at the plasma–liquid interface, in terms of the electrical coupling, the bidirectional mass transport, and the chemistry between plasma and liquid phase. Next, these three regulatory functions of the sheath are illustrated for concrete applications. Regarding the electrical coupling, a great deal of attention is paid to the penetration of fields into biological systems due to their relevance for plasma medicine, plasma agriculture, and food processing. Furthermore, we illuminate the role of the sheath in nuclear fusion, nanomaterial synthesis, and chemical applications. As such, we hope to motivate the plasma community for more fundamental research on plasma sheaths at liquid surfaces. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000681700000013 | Publication Date | 2021-06-14 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0021-8979 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 2.068 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
Notes | P.V. thanks Dr. Angela Privat Maldonado (University of Antwerp) for the fruitful discussions on Sec. III and Professor Mark J. Kushner (University of Michigan) for the interesting discussion on Ref. 198. | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.068 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:178814 | Serial | 6794 | ||
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Author | Paunska, T.; Trenchev, G.; Bogaerts, A.; Kolev, S. | ||||
Title | A 2D model of a gliding arc discharge for CO2conversion | Type | P1 Proceeding | ||
Year | 2019 | Publication | AIP conference proceedings T2 – 10th Jubilee Conference of the Balkan-Physical-Union (BPU), AUG 26-30, 2018, Sofia, BULGARIA | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
Keywords | P1 Proceeding; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | The study presents a 2D fluid plasma model of a gliding arc discharge for dissociation of CO2 which allows its subsequent conversion into value-added chemicals. The model is based on the balance equations of charged and neutral particles, the electron energy balance equation, the gas thermal balance equation and the current continuity equation. By choosing the modeling domain to be the plane perpendicular to the arc current, the numerical calculations are significantly simplified. Thus, the model allows us to explore the influence of the gas instabilities (turbulences) on the energy efficiency of CO2 conversion. This paper presents results for plasma parameters at different values of the effective turbulent thermal conductivity leading to enhanced energy transport. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000472653800069 | Publication Date | 2019-02-27 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | 2075 | Series Issue | Edition | ||
ISSN | 978-0-7354-1803-5; 978-0-7354-1803-5; 0094-243x | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | |||
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: NA | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:161422 | Serial | 6281 | ||
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Author | Vanraes, P.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Plasma physics of liquids—A focused review | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2018 | Publication | Applied physics reviews | Abbreviated Journal | Appl Phys Rev |
Volume | 5 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 031103 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | The interaction of plasma with liquids has led to various established industrial implementations as well as promising applications, including high-voltage switching, chemical analysis, nanomaterial synthesis, and plasma medicine. Along with these numerous accomplishments, the physics of plasma in liquid or in contact with a liquid surface has emerged as a bipartite research field, for which we introduce here the term “plasma physics of liquids.” Despite the intensive research investments during the recent decennia, this field is plagued by some controversies and gaps in knowledge, which might restrict further progress. The main difficulties in understanding revolve around the basic mechanisms of plasma initiation in the liquid phase and the electrical interactions at a plasma-liquid interface, which require an interdisciplinary approach. This review aims to provide the wide applied physics community with a general overview of the field, as well as the opportunities for interdisciplinary research on topics, such as nanobubbles and the floating water bridge, and involving the research domains of amorphous semiconductors, solid state physics, thermodynamics, material science, analytical chemistry, electrochemistry, and molecular dynamics simulations. In addition, we provoke awareness of experts in the field on yet underappreciated question marks. Accordingly, a strategy for future experimental and simulation work is proposed. |
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Language | Wos | 000446117000003 | Publication Date | 2018-07-25 | |
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1931-9401 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 13.667 | Times cited | 33 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
Notes | P. Vanraes acknowledges funding by a University of Antwerp BOF grant. The authors express their gratitude to Professor Dr. Peter Bruggeman (University of Minnesota, USA) for very useful comments on a draft of Sec. III C. P. Vanraes is very grateful to Professor Dr. Lars Pettersson (Stockholm University, Sweden) for the interesting discussions on the microscopic structure of water, to Dr. Xiaolong Deng (National University of Defense Technology, China) for his help with the figures, to Dr. Anton Nikiforov (Ghent University, Belgium) for the help with retrieving the relevant chapter of Ref. 319, and to Dr. Tatiana Nikitenko (Vitebst State Masherov University, Belarus), Katja Nygard (Netherlands), Iryna Kuchakova (Ghent University, Belgium), and Mindaugas Kersys (Lithuania) for their tremendous help with the translation of the corresponding chapter. | Approved | Most recent IF: 13.667 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:152823 | Serial | 5001 | ||
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Author | Zhang, Q.-Z.; Tinck, S.; de Marneffe, J.-F.; Zhang, L.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Mechanisms for plasma cryogenic etching of porous materials | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2017 | Publication | Applied physics letters | Abbreviated Journal | Appl Phys Lett |
Volume | 111 | Issue | 17 | Pages | 173104 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Porous materials are commonly used in microelectronics, as they can meet the demand for continuously shrinking electronic feature dimensions. However, they are facing severe challenges in plasma etching, due to plasma induced damage. In this paper, we present both the plasma characteristics and surface processing during the etching of porous materials. We explain how the damage occurs in the porous material during plasma etching for a wide range of chuck temperatures and the responsible mechanism for plasma damage-free etching at cryogenic temperature, by a combination of experiments and numerical modeling. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000413863400032 | Publication Date | 2017-10-23 | |
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0003-6951 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.411 | Times cited | 2 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
Notes | We acknowledge the support from Marie Skłodowska- Curie actions (Grant Agreement-702604). This work was carried out in part using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of Universiteit Antwerpen, a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI), and the University of Antwerp. L. Zhang and J.-F. de Marneffe acknowledge Dr. M. Cooke and A. Goodyear from Oxford Instruments Plasma Technology for processing the samples at their Yatton facility in the United Kingdom. | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.411 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:147022 | Serial | 4762 | ||
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Author | Zhao, S.-X.; Gao, F.; Wang, Y.-P.; Wang, Y.-N.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Effects of feedstock availability on the negative ion behavior in a C4F8 inductively coupled plasma | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2015 | Publication | Journal of applied physics | Abbreviated Journal | J Appl Phys |
Volume | 118 | Issue | 118 | Pages | 033301 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | In this paper, the negative ion behavior in a C4F8 inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is investigated using a hybrid model. The model predicts a non-monotonic variation of the total negative ion density with power at low pressure (1030 mTorr), and this trend agrees well with experiments that were carried out in many fluorocarbon (fc) ICP sources, like C2F6, CHF3, and C4F8. This behavior is explained by the availability of feedstock C4F8 gas as a source of the negative ions, as well as by the presence of low energy electrons due to vibrational excitation at low power. The maximum of the negative ion density shifts to low power values upon decreasing pressure, because of the more pronounced depletion of C4F8 molecules, and at high pressure (∼50 mTorr), the anion density continuously increases with power, which is similar to fc CCP sources. Furthermore, the negative ion composition is identified in this paper. Our work demonstrates that for a clear understanding of the negative ion behavior in radio frequency C4F8 plasma sources, one needs to take into account many factors, like the attachment characteristics, the anion composition, the spatial profiles, and the reactor configuration. Finally, a detailed comparison of our simulation results with experiments is conducted. | ||||
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Publisher | American Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | New York, N.Y. | Editor | |
Language | Wos | 000358429200004 | Publication Date | 2015-07-20 | |
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0021-8979;1089-7550; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 2.068 | Times cited | 1 | Open Access | |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.068; 2015 IF: 2.183 | |||
Call Number | c:irua:126735 | Serial | 861 | ||
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Author | Zhao, S.-X.; Zhang, Y.-R.; Gao, F.; Wang, Y.-N.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Bulk plasma fragmentation in a C4F8 inductively coupled plasma : a hybrid modelling study | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2015 | Publication | Journal of applied physics | Abbreviated Journal | J Appl Phys |
Volume | 117 | Issue | 117 | Pages | 243303 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | A hybrid model is used to investigate the fragmentation of C4F8 inductive discharges. Indeed, the resulting reactive species are crucial for the optimization of the Si-based etching process, since they determine the mechanisms of fluorination, polymerization, and sputtering. In this paper, we present the dissociation degree, the density ratio of F vs. CxFy (i.e., fluorocarbon (fc) neutrals), the neutral vs. positive ion density ratio, details on the neutral and ion components, and fractions of various fc neutrals (or ions) in the total fc neutral (or ion) density in a C4F8 inductively coupled plasma source, as well as the effect of pressure and power on these results. To analyze the fragmentation behavior, the electron density and temperature and electron energy probability function (EEPF) are investigated. Moreover, the main electron-impact generation sources for all considered neutrals and ions are determined from the complicated C4F8 reaction set used in the model. The C4F8 plasma fragmentation is explained, taking into account many factors, such as the EEPF characteristics, the dominance of primary and secondary processes, and the thresholds of dissociation and ionization. The simulation results are compared with experiments from literature, and reasonable agreement is obtained. Some discrepancies are observed, which can probably be attributed to the simplified polymer surface kinetics assumed in the model. | ||||
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Publisher | American Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | New York, N.Y. | Editor | |
Language | Wos | 000357613900009 | Publication Date | 2015-06-30 | |
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0021-8979;1089-7550; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 2.068 | Times cited | 11 | Open Access | |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.068; 2015 IF: 2.183 | |||
Call Number | c:irua:126477 | Serial | 261 | ||
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Author | Wendelen, W.; Autrique, D.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Space charge limited electron emission from a Cu surface under ultrashort pulsed laser irradiation | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2010 | Publication | AIP conference proceedings | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 1278 | Issue | Pages | 407-415 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | In this theoretical study, the electron emission from a copper surface under ultrashort pulsed laser irradiation is investigated using a one dimensional particle in cell model. Thermionic emission as well as multi-photon photoelectron emission were taken into account. The emitted electrons create a negative space charge above the target, consequently the generated electric field reduces the electron emission by several orders of magnitude. The simulations indicate that the space charge effect should be considered when investigating electron emission related phenomena in materials under ultrashort pulsed laser irradiation of metals.the word abstract, but do replace the rest of this text. ©2010 American Institute of Physics | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | New York | Editor | ||
Language | Wos | 000287183900042 | Publication Date | 2010-10-19 | |
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ISSN | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record | ||
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Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: NA | |||
Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:88899 | Serial | 3058 | ||
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Author | Cui, Z.; Zhou, C.; Jafarzadeh, A.; Meng, S.; Yi, Y.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, X.; Hao, Y.; Li, L.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | SF₆ catalytic degradation in a γ-Al₂O₃ packed bed plasma system : a combined experimental and theoretical study | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2022 | Publication | High voltage | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-11 | ||
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Effective abatement of the greenhouse gas sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) waste is of great importance for the environment protection. This work investigates the size effect and the surface properties of gamma-Al2O3 pellets on SF6 degradation in a packed bed dielectric barrier discharge (PB-DBD) system. Experimental results show that decreasing the packing size improves the filamentary discharges and promotes the ignition and the maintenance of plasma, enhancing the degradation performance at low input powers. However, too small packing pellets decrease the gas residence time and reduce the degradation efficiency, especially for the input power beyond 80 W. Besides, lowering the packing size promotes the generation of SO2, while reduces the yields of S-O-F products, corresponding to a better degradation. After the discharge, the pellet surface becomes smoother with the appearance of S and F elements. Density functional theory calculations show that SF6 is likely to be adsorbed at the Al-III site over the gamma-Al2O3(110) surface, and it is much more easily to decompose than in the gas phase. The fluorine gaseous products can decompose and stably adsorb on the pellet surface to change the surface element composition. This work provides a better understanding of SF6 degradation in a PB-DBD system. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000827312700001 | Publication Date | 2022-07-20 | |
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 2397-7264 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record | |
Impact Factor | 4.4 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 4.4 | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:189603 | Serial | 7208 | ||
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Author | Osorio-Tejada, J.; Escriba-Gelonch, M.; Vertongen, R.; Bogaerts, A.; Hessel, V. | ||||
Title | CO₂ conversion to CO via plasma and electrolysis : a techno-economic and energy cost analysis | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2024 | Publication | Energy & environmental science | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Electrification and carbon capture technologies are essential for achieving net-zero emissions in the chemical sector. A crucial strategy involves converting captured CO2 into CO, a valuable chemical feedstock. This study evaluates the feasibility of two innovative methods: plasma activation and electrolysis, using clean electricity and captured CO2. Specifically, it compares a gliding arc plasma reactor with an embedded novel carbon bed system to a modern zero-gap type low-temperature electrolyser. The plasma method stood out with an energy cost of 19.5 GJ per tonne CO, marking a 43% reduction compared to electrolysis and conventional methods. CO production costs for plasma- and electrolysis-based plants were $671 and $962 per tonne, respectively. However, due to high uncertainty regarding electrolyser costs, the CO production costs in electrolysis-based plants may actually range from $570 to $1392 per tonne. The carbon bed system in the plasma method was a key factor in facilitating additional CO generation from O-2 and enhancing CO2 conversion, contributing to its cost-effectiveness. Challenges for electrolysis included high costs of equipment and low current densities. Addressing these limitations could significantly decrease production costs, but challenges arise from the mutual relationship between intrinsic parameters, such as CO2 conversion, CO2 input flow, or energy cost. In a future scenario with affordable feedstocks and equipment, costs could drop below $500 per tonne for both methods. While this may be more challenging for electrolysis due to complexity and expensive catalysts, plasma-based CO production appears more viable and competitive. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 001218045900001 | Publication Date | 2024-05-06 | |
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1754-5692; 1754-5706 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record | |
Impact Factor | 32.5 | Times cited | Open Access | ||
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 32.5; 2024 IF: 29.518 | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:205986 | Serial | 9138 | ||
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Author | Tsonev, I.; Ahmadi Eshtehardi, H.; Delplancke, M.-P.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Importance of geometric effects in scaling up energy-efficient plasma-based nitrogen fixation | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2024 | Publication | Sustainable energy & fuels | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-19 | ||
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Despite the recent promising potential of plasma-based nitrogen fixation, the technology faces significant challenges in efficient upscaling. To tackle this challenge, we investigate two reactors, i.e., a small one, operating in a flow rate range of 5-20 ln min-1 and current range of 200-500 mA, and a larger one, operating at higher flow rate (100-300 ln min-1) and current (400-1000 mA). Both reactors operate in a pin-to-pin configuration and are powered by direct current (DC) from the same power supply unit, to allow easy comparison and evaluate the effect of upscaling. In the small reactor, we achieve the lowest energy cost (EC) of 2.8 MJ mol-1, for a NOx concentration of 1.72%, at a flow rate of 20 ln min-1, yielding a production rate (PR) of 33 g h-1. These values are obtained in air; in oxygen-enriched air, the results are typically better, at the cost of producing oxygen-enriched air. In the large reactor, the higher flow rates reduce the NOx concentration due to lower SEI, while maintaining a similar EC. This stresses the important effect of the geometrical configuration of the arc, which is typically concentrated in the center of the reactor, resulting in limited coverage of the reacting gas flow, and this is identified as the limiting factor for upscaling. However, our experiments reveal that by changing the reactor configuration, and thus the plasma geometry and power deposition mechanisms, the amount of gas treated by the plasma can be enhanced, leading to successful upscaling. To obtain more insights in our experiments, we performed thermodynamic equilibrium calculations. First of all, they show that our measured lowest EC closely aligns with the calculated minimum thermodynamic equilibrium at atmospheric pressure. In addition, they reveal that the limited NOx production in the large reactor results from the contracted nature of the plasma. To solve this limitation, we let the large reactor operate in so-called torch configuration. Indeed, the latter enhances the NOx concentrations compared to the pin-to-pin configuration, yielding a PR of 80 g h-1 at an EC of 2.9 MJ mol-1 and NOx concentration of 0.31%. This illustrates the importance of reactor design in upscaling. With the focus on feasibility evaluation of scaling-up plasma-based nitrogen fixation by combined experiments and thermodynamic modelling, we aim to tackle the challenge of design and development of an energy-efficient and scaled-up plasma reactor. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 001203657700001 | Publication Date | 2024-04-11 | |
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ISSN | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record | ||
Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | |||
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: NA | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:205435 | Serial | 9155 | ||
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Author | Biondo, O.; van Deursen, C.F.A.M.; Hughes, A.; van de Steeg, A.; Bongers, W.; van de Sanden, M.C.M.; van Rooij, G.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Avoiding solid carbon deposition in plasma-based dry reforming of methane | Type | A1 Journal Article | ||
Year | 2023 | Publication | Green Chemistry | Abbreviated Journal | Green Chem. |
Volume | 25 | Issue | 24 | Pages | 10485-10497 |
Keywords | A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ; | ||||
Abstract | Solid carbon deposition is a persistent challenge in dry reforming of methane (DRM), affecting both classical and plasma-based processes. In this work, we use a microwave plasma in reverse vortex flow configuration to overcome this issue in CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub>plasmas. Indeed, this configuration efficiently mitigates carbon deposition, enabling operation even with pure CH<sub>4</sub>feed gas, in contrast to other configurations. At the same time, high reactor performance is achieved, with CO<sub>2</sub>and CH<sub>4</sub>conversions reaching 33% and 44% respectively, at an energy cost of 14 kJ L<sup>−1</sup>for a CO<sub>2</sub> : CH<sub>4</sub>ratio of 1 : 1. Laser scattering and optical emission imaging demonstrate that the shorter residence time in reverse vortex flow lowers the gas temperature in the discharge, facilitating a shift from full to partial CH<sub>4</sub>pyrolysis. This underscores the pivotal role of flow configuration in directing process selectivity, a crucial factor in complex chemistries like CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub>mixtures and very important for industrial applications. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 001110100100001 | Publication Date | 2023-11-24 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1463-9262 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record | |
Impact Factor | 9.8 | Times cited | Open Access | ||
Notes | Universiteit Antwerpen; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, 813393 ; | Approved | Most recent IF: 9.8; 2023 IF: 9.125 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:202138 | Serial | 8978 | ||
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Author | Rouwenhorst, K.H.R.; Jardali, F.; Bogaerts, A.; Lefferts, L. | ||||
Title | Correction: From the Birkeland–Eyde process towards energy-efficient plasma-based NOXsynthesis: a techno-economic analysis | Type | A1 Journal Article | ||
Year | 2023 | Publication | Energy & Environmental Science | Abbreviated Journal | Energy Environ. Sci. |
Volume | 16 | Issue | 12 | Pages | 6170-6173 |
Keywords | A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ; | ||||
Abstract | Correction for ‘From the Birkeland–Eyde process towards energy-efficient plasma-based NO<sub><italic>X</italic></sub>synthesis: a techno-economic analysis’ by Kevin H. R. Rouwenhorst<italic>et al.</italic>,<italic>Energy Environ. Sci.</italic>, 2021,<bold>14</bold>, 2520–2534, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0EE03763J. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | Publication Date | 2023-11-27 | ||
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1754-5692 | ISBN | Additional Links | ||
Impact Factor | 32.5 | Times cited | Open Access | ||
Notes | H2020 European Research Council; Horizon 2020, 810182 ; Ministerie van Economische Zaken en Klimaat; | Approved | Most recent IF: 32.5; 2023 IF: 29.518 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @ | Serial | 8980 | ||
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Author | Tampieri, F.; Espona-Noguera, A.; Labay, C.; Ginebra, M.-P.; Yusupov, M.; Bogaerts, A.; Canal, C. | ||||
Title | Does non-thermal plasma modify biopolymers in solution? A chemical and mechanistic study for alginate | Type | A1 Journal Article | ||
Year | 2023 | Publication | Biomaterials Science | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
Keywords | A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ; | ||||
Abstract | In the last decades, non-thermal plasma has been extensively investigated as a relevant tool for various biomedical applications, ranging from tissue decontamination to regeneration and from skin treatment to tumor therapies. This high versatility is due to the different kinds and amount of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that can be generated during a plasma treatment and put in contact with the biological target. Some recent studies report that solutions of biopolymers with the ability to generate hydrogels, when treated with plasma, can enhance the generation of reactive species and influence their stability, resulting thus in the ideal media for indirect treatments of biological targets. The direct effects of the plasma treatment on the structure of biopolymers in water solution, as well as the chemical mechanisms responsible for the enhanced generation of RONS, are not yet fully understood. In this study, we aim at filling this gap by investigating, on the one hand, the nature and extent of the modifications induced by plasma treatment in alginate solutions, and, on the other hand, at using this information to explain the mechanisms responsible for the enhanced generation of reactive species as a consequence of the treatment. The approach we use is twofold: (i) investigating the effects of plasma treatment on alginate solutions, by size exclusion chromatography, rheology and scanning electron microscopy and (ii) study of a molecular model (glucuronate) sharing its chemical structure, by chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and by molecular dynamics simulations. Our results point out the active role of the biopolymer chemistry during direct plasma treatment. Short-lived reactive species, such as OH radicals and O atoms, can modify the polymer structure, affecting its functional groups and causing partial fragmentation. Some of these chemical modifications, like the generation of organic peroxide, are likely responsible for the secondary generation of long-lived reactive species such as hydrogen peroxide and nitrite ions. This is relevant in view of using biocompatible hydrogels as vehicles for storage and delivery reactive species for targeted therapies. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000973699000001 | Publication Date | 2023-04-11 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 2047-4830 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 6.6 | Times cited | Open Access | Not_Open_Access | |
Notes | Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca, SGR2022-1368 ; H2020 European Research Council, 714793 ; European Cooperation in Science and Technology, CA19110 CA20114 ; Secretaría de Estado de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, PID2019-103892RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 ; We thank Gonzalo Rodríguez Cañada and Xavier Solé-Martí (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya) for help in collecting some of the experimental data and for the useful discussions. This work has been primarily funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement no. 714793). The authors acknowledge MINECO for PID2019103892RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 project (CC). The authors belong to SGR2022-1368 (FT, AEN, CL, MPG, CC) and acknowledge Generalitat de Catalunya for the ICREA Academia Award for Excellence in Research of CC. We thank also COST Actions CA20114 (Therapeutical Applications of Cold Plasmas) and CA19110 (Plasma Applications for Smart and Sustainable Agriculture) for the stimulating environment provided. | Approved | Most recent IF: 6.6; 2023 IF: 4.21 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:196773 | Serial | 8794 | ||
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Author | Van Turnhout, J.; Aceto, D.; Travert, A.; Bazin, P.; Thibault-Starzyk, F.; Bogaerts, A.; Azzolina-Jury, F. | ||||
Title | Observation of surface species in plasma-catalytic dry reforming of methane in a novel atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge in situ IR cell | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2022 | Publication | Catalysis Science & Technology | Abbreviated Journal | Catal Sci Technol |
Volume | 12 | Issue | 22 | Pages | 6676-6686 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | We developed a novel in situ (i.e. inside plasma and during operation) IR dielectric barrier discharge cell allowing investigation of plasma catalysis in transmission mode, atmospheric pressure, flow conditions (WHSV similar to 0-50 000 mL g(-1) h(-1)), at relevant discharge voltages (similar to 0-50 kV) and frequencies (similar to 0-5 kHz). We applied it to study the IR-active surface species formed on a SiO2 support and on a 3 wt% Ru/SiO2 catalyst, which can help to reveal the important surface reaction mechanisms during the plasma-catalytic dry reforming of methane (DRM). Moreover, we present a technique for the challenging task of estimating the temperature of a catalyst sample in a plasma-catalytic system in situ and during plasma operation. We found that during the reaction, water is immediately formed at the SiO2 surface, and physisorbed formic acid is formed with a delay. As Ru/SiO2 is subject to greater plasma-induced heating than SiO2 (with a surface temperature increase in the range of 70-120 degrees C, with peaks up to 150 degrees C), we observe lower amounts of physisorbed water on Ru/SiO2, and less physisorbed formic acid formation. Importantly, the formation of surface species on the catalyst sample in our plasma-catalytic setup, as well as the observed conversions and selectivities in plasma conditions, can not be explained by plasma-induced heating of the catalyst surface, but must be attributed to other plasma effects, such as the adsorption of plasma-generated radicals and molecules, or the occurrence of Eley-Rideal reactions. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000865542600001 | Publication Date | 2022-10-05 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 2044-4753; 2044-4761 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 5 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 5 | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:191389 | Serial | 7185 | ||
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Author | Van Alphen, S.; Jardali, F.; Creel, J.; Trenchev, G.; Snyders, R.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Sustainable gas conversion by gliding arc plasmas: a new modelling approach for reactor design improvement | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Sustainable energy & fuels | Abbreviated Journal | Sustainable Energy Fuels |
Volume | 5 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 1786-1800 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Research in plasma reactor designs is developing rapidly as plasma technology is gaining increasing interest for sustainable gas conversion applications, like the conversion of greenhouse gases into value-added chemicals and renewable fuels, and fixation of N<sub>2</sub>from air into precursors of mineral fertilizer. As plasma is generated by electric power and can easily be switched on/off, these applications allows for efficient conversion and energy storage of intermittent renewable electricity. In this paper, we present a new comprehensive modelling approach for the design and development of gliding arc plasma reactors, which reveals the fluid dynamics, the arc behaviour and the plasma chemistry by solving a unique combination of five complementary models. This results in a complete description of the plasma process, which allows one to efficiently evaluate the performance of a reactor and indicate possible design improvements before actually building it. We demonstrate the capabilities of this method for an experimentally validated study of plasma-based NO<sub>x</sub>formation in a rotating gliding arc reactor, which is gaining increasing interest as a flexible, electricity-driven alternative for the Haber–Bosch process. The model demonstrates the importance of the vortex flow and the presence of a recirculation zone in the reactor, as well as the formation of hot spots in the plasma near the cathode pin and the anode wall that are responsible for most of the NO<sub>x</sub>formation. The model also reveals the underlying plasma chemistry and the vibrational non-equilibrium that exists due to the fast cooling during each arc rotation. Good agreement with experimental measurements on the studied reactor design proves the predictive capabilities of our modelling approach. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000631643300013 | Publication Date | 2021-02-22 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 2398-4902 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | ||
Notes | Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, GoF9618n ; Vlaamse regering, HBC.2019.0107 ; European Research Council, 810182 ; This research was supported by the Excellence of Science FWOFNRS project (FWO grant ID GoF9618n, EOS ID 30505023), the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 810182 – SCOPE ERC Synergy project), the 1798 | Sustainable Energy Fuels, 2021, 5, 1786–1800 | Approved | Most recent IF: NA | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:177540 | Serial | 6745 | ||
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Author | Jardali, F.; Van Alphen, S.; Creel, J.; Ahmadi Eshtehardi, H.; Axelsson, M.; Ingels, R.; Snyders, R.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | NOxproduction in a rotating gliding arc plasma: potential avenue for sustainable nitrogen fixation | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Green Chemistry | Abbreviated Journal | Green Chem |
Volume | 23 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 1748-1757 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | The fast growing world population demands food to survive, and nitrogen-based fertilizers are essential to ensure sufficient food production. Today, fertilizers are mainly produced from non-sustainable fossil fuels<italic>via</italic>the Haber–Bosch process, leading to serious environmental problems. We propose here a novel rotating gliding arc plasma, operating in air, for direct NO<sub>x</sub>production, which can yield high nitrogen content organic fertilizers without pollution associated with ammonia emission. We explored the efficiency of NO<sub>x</sub>production in a wide range of feed gas ratios, and for two arc modes: rotating and steady. When the arc is in steady mode, record-value NO<sub>x</sub>concentrations up to 5.5% are achieved which are 1.7 times higher than the maximum concentration obtained by the rotating arc mode, and with an energy consumption of 2.5 MJ mol<sup>−1</sup>(or<italic>ca.</italic>50 kW h kN<sup>−1</sup>);<italic>i.e.</italic>the lowest value so far achieved by atmospheric pressure plasma reactors. Computer modelling, using a combination of five different complementary approaches, provides a comprehensive picture of NO<sub>x</sub>formation in both arc modes; in particular, the higher NO<sub>x</sub>production in the steady arc mode is due to the combined thermal and vibrationally-promoted Zeldovich mechanisms. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000629630600021 | Publication Date | 2021-01-28 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
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ISSN | 1463-9262 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 9.125 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
Notes | Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, GoF9618n 30505023 ; H2020 European Research Council, 810182 ; This research was supported by a Bilateral Project with N2 Applied, the Excellence of Science FWO-FNRS project (FWO grant ID GoF9618n, EOS ID 30505023) and by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no 810182 – SCOPE ERC Synergy project). The calculations were performed using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UAntwerpen), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UAntwerpen. We also thank J.-L. Liu for the RGA design, L. Van ‘t dack and K. Leyssens for MS calibration and practical support, and K. Van ‘t Veer for the fruitful discussions on plasma kinetic modelling and for calculating the electron energy losses. | Approved | Most recent IF: 9.125 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:176022 | Serial | 6678 | ||
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Author | Rouwenhorst, K.H.R.; Engelmann, Y.; van ‘t Veer, K.; Postma, R.S.; Bogaerts, A.; Lefferts, L. | ||||
Title | Plasma-driven catalysis: green ammonia synthesis with intermittent electricity | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Green Chemistry | Abbreviated Journal | Green Chem |
Volume | 22 | Issue | 19 | Pages | 6258-6287 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Movement Antwerp (MOVANT) | ||||
Abstract | Ammonia is one of the most produced chemicals, mainly synthesized from fossil fuels for fertilizer applications. Furthermore, ammonia may be one of the energy carriers of the future, when it is produced from renewable electricity. This has spurred research on alternative technologies for green ammonia production. Research on plasma-driven ammonia synthesis has recently gained traction in academic literature. In the current review, we summarize the literature on plasma-driven ammonia synthesis. We distinguish between mechanisms for ammonia synthesis in the presence of a plasma, with and without a catalyst, for different plasma conditions. Strategies for catalyst design are discussed, as well as the current understanding regarding the potential plasma-catalyst synergies as function of the plasma conditions and their implications on energy efficiency. Finally, we discuss the limitations in currently reported models and experiments, as an outlook for research opportunities for further unravelling the complexities of plasma-catalytic ammonia synthesis, in order to bridge the gap between the currently reported models and experimental results. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000575015700002 | Publication Date | 2020-09-08 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1463-9262 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 9.8 | Times cited | 4 | Open Access | |
Notes | ; ; | Approved | Most recent IF: 9.8; 2020 IF: 9.125 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:172671 | Serial | 6430 | ||
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Author | Rouwenhorst, K.H.R.; Jardali, F.; Bogaerts, A.; Lefferts, L. | ||||
Title | From the Birkeland–Eyde process towards energy-efficient plasma-based NOXsynthesis: a techno-economic analysis | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Energy & Environmental Science | Abbreviated Journal | Energ Environ Sci |
Volume | 14 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 2520-2534 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Plasma-based NO<sub>X</sub>synthesis<italic>via</italic>the Birkeland–Eyde process was one of the first industrial nitrogen fixation methods. However, this technology never played a dominant role for nitrogen fixation, due to the invention of the Haber–Bosch process. Recently, nitrogen fixation by plasma technology has gained significant interest again, due to the emergence of low cost, renewable electricity. We first present a short historical background of plasma-based NO<sub>X</sub>synthesis. Thereafter, we discuss the reported performance for plasma-based NO<sub>X</sub>synthesis in various types of plasma reactors, along with the current understanding regarding the reaction mechanisms in the plasma phase, as well as on a catalytic surface. Finally, we benchmark the plasma-based NO<sub>X</sub>synthesis process with the electrolysis-based Haber–Bosch process combined with the Ostwald process, in terms of the investment cost and energy consumption. This analysis shows that the energy consumption for NO<sub>X</sub>synthesis with plasma technology is almost competitive with the commercial process with its current best value of 2.4 MJ mol N<sup>−1</sup>, which is required to decrease further to about 0.7 MJ mol N<sup>−1</sup>in order to become fully competitive. This may be accomplished through further plasma reactor optimization and effective plasma–catalyst coupling. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000639255800001 | Publication Date | 2021-03-31 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
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ISSN | 1754-5692 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 29.518 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
Notes | H2020 European Research Council; Horizon 2020, 810182 ; Ministerie van Economische Zaken en Klimaat; This research was supported by the TKI-Energie from Toeslag voor Topconsortia voor Kennis en Innovatie (TKI) from the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy, the Excellence of Science FWO-FNRS project (FWO grant ID GoF9618n, EOS ID 30505023), and the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 810182 – SCOPE ERC Synergy project). | Approved | Most recent IF: 29.518 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:178173 | Serial | 6763 | ||
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Author | Slaets, J.; Aghaei, M.; Ceulemans, S.; Van Alphen, S.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | CO2and CH4conversion in “real” gas mixtures in a gliding arc plasmatron: how do N2and O2affect the performance? | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Green Chemistry | Abbreviated Journal | Green Chem |
Volume | 22 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 1366-1377 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | In this paper we study dry reforming of methane (DRM) in a gliding arc plasmatron (GAP) in the presence of N<sub>2</sub>and O<sub>2</sub>. N<sub>2</sub>is added to create a stable plasma at equal fractions of CO<sub>2</sub>and CH<sub>4</sub>, and because emissions from industrial plants typically contain N<sub>2</sub>, while O<sub>2</sub>is added to enhance the process. We test different gas mixing ratios to evaluate the conversion and energy cost. We obtain conversions between 31 and 52% for CO<sub>2</sub>and between 55 and 99% for CH<sub>4</sub>, with total energy costs between 3.4 and 5.0 eV per molecule, depending on the gas mixture. This is very competitive when benchmarked with the literature. In addition, we present a chemical kinetics model to obtain deeper insight in the underlying plasma chemistry. This allows determination of the major reaction pathways to convert CO<sub>2</sub>and CH<sub>4</sub>, in the presence of O<sub>2</sub>and N<sub>2</sub>, into CO and H<sub>2</sub>. We show that N<sub>2</sub>assists in the CO<sub>2</sub>conversion, but part of the applied energy is also wasted in N<sub>2</sub>excitation. Adding O<sub>2</sub>enhances the CH<sub>4</sub>conversion, and lowers the energy cost, while the CO<sub>2</sub>conversion remains constant, and only slightly drops at the highest O<sub>2</sub>fractions studied, when CH<sub>4</sub>is fully oxidized into CO<sub>2</sub>. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000518034000032 | Publication Date | 2020-01-30 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
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ISSN | 1463-9262 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 9.8 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
Notes | H2020 European Research Council, 810182 ; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, GoF9618n 12M7118N ; We acknowledge financial support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 810182 – SCOPE ERC Synergy project), the Excellence of Science FWO-FNRS project (FWO grant ID GoF9618n, EOS ID 30505023), and the FWO postdoctoral fellowship of M. A. (Grant number 12M7118N). This work was carried out in part using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen, a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the University of Antwerp. | Approved | Most recent IF: 9.8; 2020 IF: 9.125 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:167136 | Serial | 6339 | ||
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Author | Van der Paal, J.; Hong, S.-H.; Yusupov, M.; Gaur, N.; Oh, J.-S.; Short, R.D.; Szili, E.J.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | How membrane lipids influence plasma delivery of reactive oxygen species into cells and subsequent DNA damage : an experimental and computational study | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2019 | Publication | Physical chemistry, chemical physics | Abbreviated Journal | Phys Chem Chem Phys |
Volume | 21 | Issue | 35 | Pages | 19327-19341 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | The mechanisms of plasma in medicine are broadly attributed to plasma-derived reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). In order to exert any intracellular effects, these plasma-derived RONS must first traverse a major barrier in the cell membrane. The cell membrane lipid composition, and thereby the magnitude of this barrier, is highly variable between cells depending on type and state (e.g. it is widely accepted that healthy and cancerous cells have different membrane lipid compositions). In this study, we investigate how plasma-derived RONS interactions with lipid membrane components can potentially be exploited in the future for treatment of diseases. We couple phospholipid vesicle experiments, used as simple cell models, with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the lipid membrane to provide new insights into how the interplay between phospholipids and cholesterol may influence the response of healthy and diseased cell membranes to plasma-derived RONS. We focus on the (i) lipid tail saturation degree, (ii) lipid head group type, and (iii) membrane cholesterol fraction. Using encapsulated molecular probes, we study the influence of the above membrane components on the ingress of RONS into the vesicles, and subsequent DNA damage. Our results indicate that all of the above membrane components can enhance or suppress RONS uptake, depending on their relative concentration within the membrane. Further, we show that higher RONS uptake into the vesicles does not always correlate with increased DNA damage, which is attributed to ROS reactivity and lifetime. The MD simulations indicate the multifactorial chemical and physical processes at play, including (i) lipid oxidation, (ii) lipid packing, and (iii) lipid rafts formation. The methods and findings presented here provide a platform of knowledge that could be leveraged in the development of therapies relying on the action of plasma, in which the cell membrane and oxidative stress response in cells is targeted. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000486175400045 | Publication Date | 2019-08-21 | |
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ISSN | 1463-9076; 1463-9084 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 4.123 | Times cited | 1 | Open Access | |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 4.123 | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:162782 | Serial | 6303 | ||
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Author | Snoeckx, R.; Van Wesenbeeck, K.; Lenaerts, S.; Cha, M.S.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Suppressing the formation of NOxand N2O in CO2/N2dielectric barrier discharge plasma by adding CH4: scavenger chemistry at work | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2019 | Publication | Sustainable Energy & Fuels | Abbreviated Journal | Sustainable Energy Fuels |
Volume | 3 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 1388-1395 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) | ||||
Abstract | The need for carbon negative technologies led to the development of a wide array of novel CO<sub>2</sub>conversion techniques. Most of them either rely on high temperatures or generate highly reactive O species, which can lead to the undesirable formation of NO<sub>x</sub>and N<sub>2</sub>O when the CO<sub>2</sub>feeds contain N<sub>2</sub>. Here, we show that, for plasma-based CO<sub>2</sub>conversion, adding a hydrogen source, as a chemical oxygen scavenger, can suppress their formation,<italic>in situ</italic>. This allows the use of low-cost N<sub>2</sub>containing (industrial and direct air capture) feeds, rather than expensive purified CO<sub>2</sub>. To demonstrate this, we add CH<sub>4</sub>to a dielectric barrier discharge plasma used for converting impure CO<sub>2</sub>. We find that when adding a stoichiometric amount of CH<sub>4</sub>, 82% less NO<sub>2</sub>and 51% less NO are formed. An even higher reduction (96 and 63%) can be obtained when doubling this amount. However, in that case the excess radicals promote the formation of by-products, such as HCN, NH<sub>3</sub>and CH<sub>3</sub>OH. Thus, we believe that by using an appropriate amount of chemical scavengers, we can use impure CO<sub>2</sub>feeds, which would bring us closer to ‘real world’ conditions and implementation. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000469258600021 | Publication Date | 2019-02-20 | |
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 2398-4902 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | ||
Notes | Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, G0F9618N ; Universiteit Antwerpen; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, BAS/1/1384-01-01 ;The research reported in this publication was supported by funding from the “Excellence of Science Program” (Fund for Scientic Research Flanders (FWO): grant no. G0F9618N; EOS ID: 30505023). The authors R. S. and M. S. C. acknowledge nancial support from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), under award number BAS/1/1384-01-01. | Approved | Most recent IF: NA | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @UA @ admin @ c:irua:160268 | Serial | 5188 | ||
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Author | Gorbanev, Y.; Van der Paal, J.; Van Boxem, W.; Dewilde, S.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Reaction of chloride anion with atomic oxygen in aqueous solutions: can cold plasma help in chemistry research? | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2019 | Publication | Physical chemistry, chemical physics | Abbreviated Journal | Phys Chem Chem Phys |
Volume | 21 | Issue | 8 | Pages | 4117-4121 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Cold atmospheric plasma in contact with solutions has many applications, but its chemistry contains many unknowns such as the undescribed reactions with solutes. By combining experiments and modelling, we report the first direct demonstration of the reaction of chloride with oxygen atoms in aqueous solutions exposed to cold plasma. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000461722500001 | Publication Date | 2019-01-30 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1463-9076 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 4.123 | Times cited | 4 | Open Access | Not_Open_Access: Available from 31.01.2020 |
Notes | H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, 743151 ; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, 11U5416N ; | Approved | Most recent IF: 4.123 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @UA @ admin @ c:irua:157688 | Serial | 5167 | ||
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Author | Kumar, N.; Shaw, P.; Razzokov, J.; Yusupov, M.; Attri, P.; Uhm, H.S.; Choi, E.H.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Enhancement of cellular glucose uptake by reactive species: a promising approach for diabetes therapy | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2018 | Publication | RSC advances | Abbreviated Journal | Rsc Adv |
Volume | 8 | Issue | 18 | Pages | 9887-9894 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | It is generally known that antidiabetic activity is associated with an increased level of glucose uptake in adipocytes and skeletal muscle cells. However, the role of exogenous reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) in muscle development and more importantly in glucose uptake is largely unknown. We investigate the effect of RONS generated by cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) in glucose uptake. We show that the glucose uptake is significantly enhanced in differentiated L6 skeletal muscle cells after CAP treatment. We also observe a significant increase of the intracellular Ca++ and ROS level, without causing toxicity. One of the possible reasons for an elevated level of glucose uptake as well as intracellular ROS and Ca++ ions is probably the increased oxidative stress leading to glucose transport. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000430451800036 | Publication Date | 2018-03-08 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 2046-2069 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.108 | Times cited | 1 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
Notes | We gratefully acknowledge nancial support from the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO), grant numbers 12J5617N, 1200216N and from the European Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship “Anticancer-PAM” within Horizon2020 (grant number 743546). We are also thankful to the Plasma Bioscience Research Center at Kwangwoon University for providing the core facilities for the experimental work as well as nancial support by the Leading Foreign Research Institute Recruitment program (Grant # NRF-2016K1A4A3914113) through the Basic Science Research Program of the National Research Founda | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.108 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:149564 | Serial | 4909 | ||
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Author | Gorbanev, Y.; Verlackt, C.C.W.; Tinck, S.; Tuenter, E.; Foubert, K.; Cos, P.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Combining experimental and modelling approaches to study the sources of reactive species induced in water by the COST RF plasma jet | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2018 | Publication | Physical chemistry, chemical physics | Abbreviated Journal | Phys Chem Chem Phys |
Volume | 20 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 2797-2808 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | The vast biomedical potential of cold atmospheric pressure plasmas (CAPs) is governed by the formation of reactive species. These biologically active species are formed upon the interaction of CAPs with the surroundings. In biological milieu, water plays an essential role. The development of biomedical CAPs thus requires understanding of the sources of the reactive species in aqueous media exposed to the plasma. This is especially important in case of the COST RF plasma jet, which is developed as a reference microplasma system. In this work, we investigated the formation of the OH radicals, H atoms and H2O2 in aqueous solutions exposed to the COST plasma jet. This was done by combining experimental and modelling approaches. The liquid phase species were analysed using UV-Vis spectroscopy and spin trapping with hydrogen isotopes and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The discrimination between the species formed from the liquid phase and the gas phase molecules was performed by EPR and 1H-NMR analyses of the liquid samples. The concentrations of the reactive species in the gas phase plasma were obtained using a zero-dimensional (0D) chemical kinetics computational model. A three-dimensional (3D) fluid dynamics model was developed to provide information on the induced humidity in the plasma effluent. The comparison of the experimentally obtained trends for the formation of the species as a function of the feed gas and effluent humidity with the modelling results suggest that all reactive species detected in our system are mostly formed in the gas phase plasma inside the COST jet, with minor amounts arising from the plasma effluent humidity. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000423505500066 | Publication Date | 2018-01-05 | |
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1463-9076 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 4.123 | Times cited | 23 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
Notes | We are grateful to Volker Schulz-von der Gathen (Experimental Physics II: Application Oriented Plasma Physics, Ruhr-Universita¨t Bochum, Germany) for providing the COST RF plasma jet. We thank our colleagues at the University of Antwerp: Gilles Van Loon (Mechanical Workshop), Karen Leyssens (Research group PLASMANT), and Sylvia Dewilde (Department of Biomedical Sciences) for their help with the equipment. This work was funded by the European Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship ‘LTPAM’ within Horizon2020 (grant no. 657304). Stefan Tinck thanks the Fund for Scientific Research – Flanders (FWO) for supporting his work (grant no. 0880.212.840). | Approved | Most recent IF: 4.123 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:148365 | Serial | 4808 | ||
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Author | Verlackt, C.C.W.; Van Boxem, W.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Transport and accumulation of plasma generated species in aqueous solution | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2018 | Publication | Physical chemistry, chemical physics | Abbreviated Journal | Phys Chem Chem Phys |
Volume | 20 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 6845-6859 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | The interaction between cold atmospheric pressure plasma and liquids is receiving increasing attention for various applications. In particular, the use of plasma-treated liquids (PTL) for biomedical applications is of growing importance, in particular for sterilization and cancer treatment. However, insight into the underlying mechanisms of plasma–liquid interactions is still scarce. Here, we present a 2D fluid dynamics model for the interaction between a plasma jet and liquid water. Our results indicate that the formed reactive species originate from either the gas phase (with further solvation) or are formed at the liquid interface. A clear increase in the aqueous density of H2O2, HNO2/NO2- and NO3- is observed as a function of time, while the densities of O3, HO2/O2- and ONOOH/ONOO- are found to quickly reach a maximum due to chemical reactions in solution. The trends observed in our model correlate well with experimental observations from the literature. |
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000429286100009 | Publication Date | 2018-02-06 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1463-9076 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 4.123 | Times cited | 35 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
Notes | The authors thank Petr Luke`s (Institute of Plasma Physics AS CR, Czech Republic) and Yury Gorbanev (UAntwerp, group PLASMANT) for the fruitful discussions regarding the chemistry in the model and the plasma–liquid interactions. | Approved | Most recent IF: 4.123 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:149557 | Serial | 4908 | ||
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Author | Shirazi, M.; Bogaerts, A.; Neyts, E.C. | ||||
Title | A DFT study of H-dissolution into the bulk of a crystalline Ni(111) surface: a chemical identifier for the reaction kinetics | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2017 | Publication | Physical chemistry, chemical physics | Abbreviated Journal | Phys Chem Chem Phys |
Volume | 19 | Issue | 19 | Pages | 19150-19158 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | In this study, we investigated the diffusion of H-atoms to the subsurface and their further diffusion into the bulk of a Ni(111) crystal by means of density functional theory calculations in the context of thermal and plasma-assisted catalysis. The H-atoms at the surface can originate from the dissociative adsorption of H2 or CH4 molecules, determining the surface H-coverage. When a threshold H-coverage is passed, corresponding to 1.00 ML for the crystalline Ni(111) surface, the surface-bound H-atoms start to diffuse to the subsurface. A similar threshold coverage is observed for the interstitial H-coverage. Once the interstitial sites are filled up with a coverage above 1.00 ML of H, dissolution of interstitial H-atoms to the layer below the interstitial sites will be initiated. Hence, by applying a high pressure or inducing a reactive plasma and high temperature, increasing the H-flux to the surface, a large amount of hydrogen can diffuse in a crystalline metal like Ni and can be absorbed. The formation of metal hydride may modify the entire reaction kinetics of the system. Equivalently, the H-atoms in the bulk can easily go back to the surface and release a large amount of heat. In a plasma process, H-atoms are formed in the plasma, and therefore the energy barrier for dissociative adsorption is dismissed, thus allowing achievement of the threshold coverage without applying a high pressure as in a thermal process. As a result, depending on the crystal plane and type of metal, a large number of H-atoms can be dissolved (absorbed) in the metal catalyst, explaining the high efficiency of plasma-assisted catalytic reactions. Here, the mechanism of H-dissolution is established as a chemical identifier for the investigation of the reaction kinetics of a chemical process. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000406334300034 | Publication Date | 2017-06-22 | |
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1463-9076 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 4.123 | Times cited | 10 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
Notes | Financial support from the Reactive Atmospheric Plasma processIng – eDucation (RAPID) network, through the EU 7th Framework Programme (grant agreement no. 606889), is gratefully acknowledged. The calculations were performed using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen, a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government department (EWI) and the Universiteit Antwerpen. | Approved | Most recent IF: 4.123 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @ c:irua:144794 | Serial | 4633 | ||
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Author | Khalilov, U.; Bogaerts, A.; Xu, B.; Kato, T.; Kaneko, T.; Neyts, E.C. | ||||
Title | How the alignment of adsorbed ortho H pairs determines the onset of selective carbon nanotube etching | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2017 | Publication | Nanoscale | Abbreviated Journal | Nanoscale |
Volume | 9 | Issue | 9 | Pages | 1653-1661 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Unlocking the enormous technological potential of carbon nanotubes strongly depends on our ability to specifically produce metallic or semiconducting tubes. While selective etching of both has already been demonstrated, the underlying reasons, however, remain elusive as yet. We here present computational and experimental evidence on the operative mechanisms at the atomic scale. We demonstrate that during the adsorption of H atoms and their coalescence, the adsorbed ortho hydrogen pairs on single-walled carbon nanotubes induce higher shear stresses than axial stresses, leading to the elongation of HC–CH bonds as a function of their alignment with the tube chirality vector, which we denote as the γ-angle. As a result, the C–C cleavage occurs more rapidly in nanotubes containing ortho H-pairs with a small γ-angle. This phenomenon can explain the selective etching of small-diameter semiconductor nanotubes with a similar curvature. Both theoretical and experimental results strongly indicate the important role of the γ-angle in the selective etching mechanisms of carbon nanotubes, in addition to the nanotube curvature and metallicity effects and lead us to clearly understand the onset of selective synthesis/removal of CNT-based materials. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000395422800036 | Publication Date | 2016-12-19 | |
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ISSN | 2040-3364 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 7.367 | Times cited | 6 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
Notes | U. K. gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Fund of Scientific Research Flanders (FWO), Belgium (Grant No. 12M1315N). This work was also supported in part by Grant-in- Aid for Young Scientists A (Grant No. 25706028), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Grant No. 26107502) from JSPS KAKENHI. This work was carried out in part using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UA), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UA. The authors also thank Prof. A. C. T. van Duin for sharing the ReaxFF code and J. Razzokov for his assistance to perform the DFT calculations. | Approved | Most recent IF: 7.367 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @ c:irua:140091 | Serial | 4417 | ||
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