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	Author	Alloul, A.; Moradvandi, A.; Puyol, D.; Molina, R.; Gardella, G.; Vlaeminck, S.E.; De Schutter, B.; Abraham, E.; Lindeboom, R.E.F.; Weissbrodt, D.G.
	Title	A novel mechanistic modelling approach for microbial selection dynamics : towards improved design and control of raceway reactors for purple bacteria			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	Bioresource technology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	390	Issue		Pages	129844-129849
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Purple phototrophic bacteria (PPB) show an underexplored potential for resource recovery from wastewater. Raceway reactors offer a more affordable full-scale solution on wastewater and enable useful additional aerobic processes. Current mathematical models of PPB systems provide useful mechanistic insights, but do not represent the full metabolic versatility of PPB and thus require further advancement to simulate the process for technology development and control. In this study, a new modelling approach for PPB that integrates the photoheterotrophic, and both anaerobic and aerobic chemoheterotrophic metabolic pathways through an empirical parallel metabolic growth constant was proposed. It aimed the modelling of microbial selection dynamics in competition with aerobic and anaerobic microbial community under different operational scenarios. A sensitivity analysis was carried out to identify the most influential parameters within the model and calibrate them based on experimental data. Process perturbation scenarios were simulated, which showed a good performance of the model.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	001094606700001	Publication Date	2023-10-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0960-8524	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	11.4	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 11.4; 2023 IF: 5.651
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:200035			Serial	8905
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	Author	Koch, K.; Samson, R.; Denys, S.
	Title	Aerodynamic characterisation of green wall vegetation based on plant morphology : an experimental and computational fluid dynamics approach			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Biosystems engineering	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	178	Issue		Pages	34-51
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	The installation of urban green infrastructure, particularly green walls, has proven to be an effective strategy for the mitigation of particulate matter (PM) pollution and the urban heat island effect. For the interaction between vegetation, PM and the local microclimate, wind flow is the main driving force. In order to investigate these interactions in detail, it is important to know how air flows through vegetation. This study proposes a method based on the DarcyForchheimer equation, where vegetation is considered as a porous medium and several plant species and the effects of plant morphological characteristics are examined both experimentally and using computer simulations. Results showed that the DarcyForchheimer model is a simple and robust way to describe air flow through vegetation regardless of its morphology. This research provides a new vision on studying aerodynamic properties of vegetation in relation to their morphology and provides opportunities for model the interaction between vegetation and its environment.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000456902300003	Publication Date	2018-11-22
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1537-5110	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:155994			Serial	7421
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Koch, K.; Samson, R.; Denys, S.
	Title	Experimental and computational aerodynamic characterisation of urban trees			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Biosystems Engineering	Abbreviated Journal	Biosyst Eng
	Volume	190	Issue		Pages	47-57
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	The Darcy–Forchheimer method is used for modelling the airflow through vegetation. Seven tree and shrub species with contrasting leaf morphologies were installed in a wind tunnel to allow pressure loss measurements across the plant section. Aerodynamic parameters derived from this experiment were inserted into a COMSOL Multiphysics computational fluid dynamics model. The model was confirmed to be a good predictor for airflow through vegetation (R2 = 0.98), regardless of plant morphology. Moreover, supplementing these data with results from a previous study (which considered herbaceous species) revealed a pattern of pressure loss data, that was already been normalised for plant area density. Although we propose further research into kinetic energy transfer in vegetation, this study provides sufficient interesting information for further applications and modelling to describe and predict urban ecology.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000512221700005	Publication Date	2019-12-18
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1537-5110	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	5.1	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	; This work was supported by the VLAIO-VIS project 'Green building: green walls for sustainable buildings and cities' (140993) and the FWO-SBO project 'EcoCities: Green roofs and walls as a source for ecosystem services in future cities' (S002818N). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 5.1; 2020 IF: 2.044
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:164883			Serial	6516
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	Author	Voordeckers, D.; Meysman, F.J.R.; Billen, P.; Tytgat, T.; Van Acker, M.
	Title	The impact of street canyon morphology and traffic volume on NO₂ values in the street canyons of Antwerp			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2021	Publication	Building And Environment	Abbreviated Journal	Build Environ
	Volume	197	Issue		Pages	107825-10
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL); Research Group for Urban Development; Intelligence in PRocesses, Advanced Catalysts and Solvents (iPRACS)
	Abstract	Air pollution remains a major environmental and health concern in urban environments, especially in street canyons that show increased pollution levels due to a lack of natural ventilation. Previous studies have investigated the relationship between street canyon morphology and in-canyon pollution levels. However, these studies are typically limited to the scale of a single street canyon and city-wide assessments on this matter are scarce. In 2018, NO2 concentrations were measured in 321 street canyons in the city of Antwerp (Belgium) as part of the large-scale citizen-science project “CurieuzeNeuzen”. In our research, this data was used to study the correlation between morphological indices (e.g. aspect ratio (AR), lateral aspect ratio (LAR), presence of trees) and the traffic volumes on a city-wide scale. The maximum hourly traffic volume (TVmax) and AR correlated significantly with the measured NO2 values, making them useful indicators for air quality in street canyons. For street canyons with AR > 0.65, a TVmax of 300 vehicles/hour was found as a threshold value to guarantee acceptable air quality. No significant correlations were found for the other parameters. Finally, a number of typical street canyon types were defined, which can be of fundamental interest for further research and spatial policy making.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000663167900003	Publication Date	2021-03-27
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0360-1323	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	4.053	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 4.053
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:176925			Serial	8064
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	Author	De Bock, A.; Belmans, B.; Vanlanduit, S.; Blom, J.; Alvarado Alvarado, A.A.; Audenaert, A.
	Title	A review on the leaf area index (LAI) in vertical greening systems			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	Building and environment	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	229	Issue		Pages	109926-14
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL); Sustainable Pavements and Asphalt Research (SuPAR); Energy and Materials in Infrastructure and Buildings
	Abstract	The leaf area index (LAI) is a key dynamic parameter in Vertical Greening Systems (VGS). It quantifies the total amount of leaf area in the canopy and largely determines the extent of co-benefits of VGS. Whereas many studies on VGS discuss the importance of the LAI, only few elaborate on the parameter itself, how it is determined and what the current limitations are in VGS. Moreover, although there is scientific consensus on the importance of LAI in VGS, specific non-destructive monitoring techniques for continuous LAI monitoring appear to be absent, which results in limited overall data on the LAI of VGS under different spatial and temporal conditions and problems in quantifying the benefits of VGS in practice. To fill these gaps, this paper specifically focuses on the LAI of VGS and its monitoring techniques. An overview of existing LAI monitoring techniques in the field of VGS is presented. To arrive at dedicated techniques, this is complemented by a thorough analysis of LAI monitoring techniques used in other research fields, e.g. agriculture and forestry. It is established that two indirect techniques for LAI monitoring are currently available in the VGS sector, but a proper standardized sampling methodology currently lacks. Monitoring techniques used in other sectors offer opportunities for developing dedicated monitoring methods for VGS, but require further research due to the specific features of VGS systems. Furthermore, guidelines are proposed for a more standardized LAI determination of reporting of LAI values in VGS.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000950866100001	Publication Date	2022-12-19
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0360-1323	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.4	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 7.4; 2023 IF: 4.053
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:194575			Serial	9085
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	Author	Alvarado-Alvarado, A.A.; De Bock, A.; Ysebaert, T.; Belmans, B.; Denys, S.
	Title	Modeling the hygrothermal behavior of green walls in Comsol Multiphysics® : validation against measurements in a climate chamber			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	Building and environment	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	238	Issue		Pages	110377-12
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL); Energy and Materials in Infrastructure and Buildings
	Abstract	Green walls (GW) can diminish building's surface temperature through shading, insulation, and evapotranspiration mechanisms. These can be analyzed by computer models that account for heat and mass transfer phenomena. However, most previous models were one-dimensional thermal simulations in which boundary conditions (BC), like convective moisture transport, were not or only partly considered. The present work proposes a more comprehensive way to predict GW's hygrothermal behavior by integrating a 3D multiphysics model that couples heat and moisture transport in Comsol Multiphysics®. The air cavity that usually separates the GW from the building was also considered. Heat sink terms were added to represent plants' transpiration and substrates' evaporation, considering the leaf area density (LAD) and substrate's water saturation (Sr). The model was validated against experiments where four green wall-test panels (GW-TPs) were evaluated in a climate chamber under steady-state conditions. This provides a much sounder approach for validation than what currently exists (r = 0.97; RMSE = 0.33 °C). The four GW-TPs decreased the masonry's surface temperature in the range of 0.89–1.14 °C (0.97 ± 0.11 SD °C). The average contribution of the evapotranspiration effect was 30%, whereas the contribution of the air cavity was 60.7 ± 0.09%. The temperature at the substrate's rear was reduced on average by 0.57 ± 0.15 SD °C. When solar radiation was considered as a BC, the GW-TPs decreased the building's surface temperature by 10 °C. Lastly, high values of LAD and Sr translated into increased temperature reduction values.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	001001412600001	Publication Date	2023-05-02
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0360-1323	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.4	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 7.4; 2023 IF: 4.053
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:196467			Serial	8899
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	Author	Verbruggen, S.W.; Lenaerts, S.; Denys, S.
	Title	Analytic versus CFD approach for kinetic modeling of gas phase photocatalysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Chemical engineering journal	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Eng J
	Volume	262	Issue		Pages	1-8
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	In this work two methods for determining the LangmuirHinshelwood kinetic parameters for a slit-shaped flat bed photocatalytic reactor are compared: an analytic mass transfer based model adapted from literature and a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach that was used in conjunction with a simplex optimization routine. Despite the differences between both approaches, similar values for the kinetic parameters and similar trends in terms of their UV intensity dependence were found. Using an effectiveness-NTU (number of transfer units) approach, the analytic mass transfer based method could quantify the relative contributions of the rate limiting steps through a reaction effectiveness parameter. The numeric CFD approach on the other hand could yield the two kinetic parameters that determine the photocatalytic reaction rate simultaneously. Furthermore, it proved to be more accurate as it accounts for the spatial variation of flow rate, reaction rate and concentrations at the surface of the photocatalyst. We elaborate this dual kinetic analysis with regard to the photocatalytic degradation of acetaldehyde in air over a silicon wafer coated with a layer of TiO2 P25 (Evonik) and study the usefulness and limitations of both strategies.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000347577700001	Publication Date	2014-09-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1385-8947; 1873-3212	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.216	Times cited	30	Open Access
	Notes	; S.W.V. acknowledges the Research Foundation of Flanders (FWO) for financial support. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.216; 2015 IF: 4.321
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:119724			Serial	5927
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	Author	Verbruggen, S.W.; Keulemans, M.; van Walsem, J.; Tytgat, T.; Lenaerts, S.; Denys, S.
	Title	CFD modeling of transient adsorption/desorption behavior in a gas phase photocatalytic fiber reactor			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Chemical engineering journal	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Eng J
	Volume	292	Issue		Pages	42-50
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	We present the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for accurately determining the adsorption parameters of acetaldehyde on photocatalytic fiber filter material, integrated in a continuous flow system. Unlike the traditional analytical analysis based on Langmuir adsorption, not only steady-state situations but also transient phenomena can be accounted for. Air displacement effects in the reactor and gas detection cell are investigated and inherently made part of the model. Incorporation of a surface aldol condensation reaction in the CFD analysis further improves the accuracy of the model which enables to extract precise, intrinsic adsorption parameters for situations in which analytical analysis would otherwise fail.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000373648000005	Publication Date	2016-02-09
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1385-8947; 1873-3212	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.216	Times cited	12	Open Access
	Notes	; S.W.V. acknowledges the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO) for a postdoctoral fellowship. M.K. acknowledges the IWT for a Ph.D. fellowship. Konstantina Kalafata and Ioanna Fasaki are greatly thanked for providing the NanoPhos suspension. Bioscience Engineering bachelor students M. Gerritsma, J. Helsen and Y. Riahi Drif are thanked for their assistance in performing the adsorption experiments. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.216
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:130876			Serial	5934
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	Author	van Walsem, J.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Modde, B.; Lenaerts, S.; Denys, S.
	Title	CFD investigation of a multi-tube photocatalytic reactor in non-steady-state conditions			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Chemical engineering journal	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Eng J
	Volume	304	Issue		Pages	808-816
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	A novel multi-tube photoreactor is presented with a high efficiency (over 90% conversion) toward the degradation of acetaldehyde in air under UV conditions with an incident intensity of 2.1 mW cm−2. A CFD model was developed to simulate the transient adsorption and photocatalytic degradation processes of acetaldehyde in this reactor design and to estimate the corresponding kinetic parameters through an optimization routine using the experimentally determined outlet concentration profiles. The CFD model takes into account the entire reactor geometry and all relevant flow parameters, in contrast to analytical methods that often oversimplify the physical and chemical process characteristics. Using CFD, we show that both adsorption and desorption rate constants increase by respectively one and two orders of magnitude when the UV light is switched on, which clearly affects the transient behavior. The agreement of the experimental and modelled concentration profiles is excellent as evidenced by a coefficient of determination of at least 0.965. To demonstrate the reliability and accuracy of all parameters obtained from the modelling approach, an ultimate validation test was performed using other conditions than the ones used for estimating the kinetic parameters. The model was able to accurately simulate simultaneous adsorption, desorption and photocatalytic degradation.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000384777200089	Publication Date	2016-07-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1385-8947; 1873-3212	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.216	Times cited	10	Open Access
	Notes	; J.V.W. acknowledges the Agentschap Innoveren & Ondernemen for a PhD fellowship. S.W.V. acknowledges the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO) for a postdoctoral fellowship. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.216
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:139620			Serial	5933
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	Author	Blommaerts, N.; Asapu, R.; Claes, N.; Bals, S.; Lenaerts, S.; Verbruggen, S.W.
	Title	Gas phase photocatalytic spiral reactor for fast and efficient pollutant degradation			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	Chemical engineering journal	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Eng J
	Volume	316	Issue	316	Pages	850-856
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Photocatalytic reactors for the degradation of gaseous organic pollutants often suffer from major limitations such as small reaction area, sub-optimal irradiation conditions and thus limited reaction rate. In this work, an alternative solution is presented that involves a glass tube coated on the inside with (silvermodified) TiO2 and spiraled around a UVA lamp. First, the spiral reactor is coated from the inside with TiO2 using an experimentally verified procedure that is optimized toward UV light transmission. This procedure is kept as simple as possible and involves a single casting step of a 1 wt% suspension of TiO2 in ethanol through the spiral. This results in a coated tube that absorbs nearly all incident UV light under the experimental conditions used. The optimized coated spiral reactor is then benchmarked to a conventional annular photoreactor of the same outer dimensions and total catalyst loading over a broad range of experimental conditions. Although residence time distribution experiments indicate slightly longer dwelling of molecules in the spiral reactor, no significant difference in by-passing of gas between the spiral reactor and the annular reactor can be claimed. Acetaldehyde degradation efficiency of 100% is obtained with the spiral reactor for a residence time as low as 60 s, whereas the annular reactor could not achieve full degradation even at 1000 s residence time. In a final case study, addition of long-term stable silver nanoparticles, protected by an ultra-thin polymer shell applied via the layer-by-layer (LbL) method, to the spiral reactor coating is shown to double the degradation efficiency and provides an interesting strategy to cope with higher pollutant concentrations without changing the overall dimensions.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000398985200089	Publication Date	2017-02-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1385-8947	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.216	Times cited	30	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	N.B. wishes to thank the University of Antwerp – Belgium for financial support. N.C. and S.B. acknowledge financial support from European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant #335078- COLOURATOM). S.W.V. acknowledges the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO) for a postdoctoral fellowship. (ROMEO:green; preprint:; postprint:can ; pdfversion:cannot); ecas_sara			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.216
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:140925UA @ admin @ c:irua:140925			Serial	4481
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	Author	Chen, Y.; Wu, Y.; Wang, D.; Li, H.; Wang, Q.; Liu, Y.; Peng, L.; Yang, Q.; Li, X.; Zeng, G.; Chen, Y.
	Title	Understanding the mechanisms of how poly aluminium chloride inhibits short-chain fatty acids production from anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Chemical engineering journal	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	334	Issue		Pages	1351-1360
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Poly aluminum chloride (PAC) is accumulated in waste activated sludge at high levels. However, details of how PAC affects short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) production from anaerobic sludge fermentation has not been documented. This work therefore aims to fill this knowledge gap by analyzing the impact of PAC on the aggregate of sludge flocs, disruption of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and the bio-processes of hydrolysis, acid-ogenesis, and methanogenesis. The relationship between SCFA production and different aluminum species (i.e., Ala, Alb, and Alc) was also identified by controlling different OH/Al ratio and pH in different fermentation systems. Experimental results showed that with the increase of PAC addition from 0 to 40 mg Al per gram of total suspended solids, SCFA yield decreased from 212.2 to 138.4 mg COD/g volatile suspended solids. Mechanism exploration revealed that PAC benefited the aggregates of sludge flocs and caused more loosely-and tightly-bound extracellular polymeric substances remained in sludge cells. Besides, it was found that the hydrolysis, acidiogenesis, and methanogenesis processes were all inhibited by PAC. Although three types of Al species, i.e., Ala (Al monomers, dimer, and trimer), Alb (Al-13(AlO4Al12(OH)(24)(H2O) 7+ 12), and Alc (Al polymer molecular weight normally larger than 3000 Da), were co-existed in fermentation systems, their impacts on SCFA production were different. No correlation was found between SCFA and Ala, whereas SCFA production decreased with the contents of Alb and Alc. Compared with Alb, Alc was the major contributor to the decreased SCFA production ( R-2 = 0.5132 vs R-2 = 0.98). This is the first report revealing the underlying mechanism of how PAC affects SCFA production and identifying the contribution of different Al species to SCFA inhibition.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000418533400135	Publication Date	2017-11-13
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1385-8947; 1873-3212	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:148413			Serial	8708
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Roegiers, J.; van Walsem, J.; Denys, S.
	Title	CFD- and radiation field modeling of a gas phase photocatalytic multi-tube reactor			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Chemical engineering journal	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	338	Issue		Pages	287-299
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	This paper focusses on the development of a Multiphysics model as a tool for assessing the performance of a multi-tube photoreactor. The model predicts the transient behavior of acetaldehyde concentration, as a model compound for the organic fraction of the indoor air pollutants, under varying sets of conditions. A 3D-model couples radiation field modeling with reaction kinetics and fluid dynamics in order to simulate the transport of the pollutant as it progresses through the reactor. A model-based approach is proposed to determine the layer thickness and refractive index of different P25-powder modified solgel coatings, using an optimization procedure to estimate these parameters based on UV-irradiance measurements. The radiation field model was able to accurately predict the irradiance on the catalytic surface within the reactor. Consequently, the radiation field model was used to define an irradiance dependent reaction rate constant in a coupled Multiphysics model. An optimization routine was deployed to estimate the adsorption, desorption- and photocatalytic reaction rate constants on the TiO2-surface, using experimentally determined, transient outlet concentrations of acetaldehyde. Additionally, a validation test was performed in an air-tight climate chamber at much higher flow rates, higher irradiance and realistic indoor pollutant concentrations to emphasize the reliability and accuracy of the parameters for adsorption, desorption and photocatalytic reaction. The developed model makes it possible to optimize the reactor design and scale-up for commercial applications.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000427618400031	Publication Date	2018-01-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1385-8947; 1873-3212	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:149115			Serial	7589
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	Author	van Walsem, J.; Roegiers, J.; Modde, B.; Lenaerts, S.; Denys, S.
	Title	Determination of intrinsic kinetic parameters in photocatalytic multi-tube reactors by combining the NTU_m-method with radiation field modelling			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Chemical engineering journal	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Eng J
	Volume	354	Issue	354	Pages	1042-1049
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	In this work, we propose an adapted Number of Transfer Units (NTUm)-method as an effective tool to determine the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic parameters for a photocatalytic multi-tube reactor. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood rate constant kLH and the Langmuir adsorption constant KL were determined from several experiments under different UV-irradiance conditions, resulting in irradiance depending values for kLH. In order to determine a unique, intrinsic empirical constant k0, valid for all irradiation conditions, we coupled the adapted NTUm-method with a radiation field model to predict UV-irradiance distribution inside the reactor. The final set of kinetic parameters were derived using a Generalized Reduced Gradient (GRG) nonlinear solving method in Matlab which minimizes the differences between model and experimental reactor outlet concentrations of acetaldehyde for various photocatalytic experiments under varying operating conditions, including inlet concentration, flow rate and UV-irradiance. An excellent agreement of the intrinsic empirical constant k0, derived from the coupled NTUm-radiation field model and an earlier published CFD approach was found, emphasizing its validity and reliability.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000445413900099	Publication Date	2018-08-03
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1385-8947; 1873-3212	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.216	Times cited	2	Open Access
	Notes	; J.V.W. acknowledges the Agentschap Innoveren & Ondernemen for a PhD fellowship. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.216
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:154845			Serial	5940
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	Author	Roegiers, J.; Denys, S.
	Title	CFD-modelling of activated carbon fibers for indoor air purification			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Chemical engineering journal	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	365	Issue		Pages	80-87
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Activated carbon fibers for indoor air purification were investigated by means of pressure drop and adsorption capacity. The Darcy-Forchheimer law combined with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling was deployed to simulate the pressure drop over an activated carbon fiber (ACF) filter with varying filter thickness. The CFD model was later combined with adsorption modelling to simulate breakthrough profiles of acetaldehyde adsorption on the ACF-filter. The adsorption model incorporates mass transfer resistance and adsorption equilibrium. It assumes local equilibrium between gas phase and solid phase. The latter was investigated for three different adsorption isotherms: linear, Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption. Successful agreement between model simulations and experimental data was obtained, using the Freundlich adsorption model. The numerical model could provide valuable insights and allows to continuously improve the design of filtration devices.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000459009800009	Publication Date	2019-02-02
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1385-8947; 1873-3212	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:156996			Serial	7590
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Van Hal, M.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Yang, X.-Y.; Lenaerts, S.; Tytgat, T.
	Title	Image analysis and in situ FTIR as complementary detection tools for photocatalytic soot oxidation			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Chemical engineering journal	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Eng J
	Volume	367	Issue	367	Pages	269-277
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Air pollution, especially particulate matter (PM), is an increasingly urgent problem in urban environments, causing both short and long-term health problems, climate interference and aesthetical problems due to building fouling. Photocatalysis has been shown to be a possible solution to that end. In this work two complementary detection methods for photocatalytic soot oxidation are studied and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. First, a colour-based digital image analysis method is drastically improved towards an accurate, detailed and straightforward detection tool, that enables simultaneous measurement of the degradation of different grades of soot fouling (for instance a shallow soot haze versus condensed soot deposits). In the next part, a second soot oxidation detection method is presented based on in situ FTIR spectroscopy. This method has the additional advantage of providing more insight into the photocatalytic soot degradation process by monitoring both gaseous and adsorbed intermediates as well as reaction products while the reactions are ongoing. As an illustration, the proposed detection strategies were applied on four different commercially available and synthesized photocatalytic materials. The digital image analysis showed that P25 (Evonik) is the fastest photocatalytic soot degrader of all studied materials for both a uniform soot haze as well as concentrated soot spots. Application of the in situ method showed that for all studied materials adsorbed formate-related surface species were formed and that commercially available ZnO nanopowder has the highest specificity towards complete mineralization into CO2. With this we aim to provide a set of complementary experimental tools for the convenient, reliable, realistic and standardised detection of photocatalytic soot degradation.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000461380400028	Publication Date	2019-02-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1385-8947; 1873-3212	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.216	Times cited	1	Open Access
	Notes	; M.V.H. acknowledges the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO) for a doctoral fellowship. M.V.H., S.W.V., S.L. and X-Y.Y. thank the FWO and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) for funding an international collaboration project. Mr. M. Minjauw is greatly thanked for his help in the AFM measurements. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.216
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:157789			Serial	5958
Permanent link to this record



	Author	van Walsem, J.; Roegiers, J.; Modde, B.; Lenaerts, S.; Denys, S.
	Title	Proof of concept of an upscaled photocatalytic multi-tube reactor : a combined modelling and experimental study			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Chemical engineering journal	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Eng J
	Volume	378	Issue	378	Pages	122038
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Three upscaled multi-tube photocatalytic reactors designed for integration into HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) systems were proposed and evaluated using a CFD modelling approach, with emphasis on the flow, irradiation and concentration distribution in the reactor and hence, photocatalytic performance. Based on the obtained insights, the best reactor design was selected, further characterized and improved by an additional proof of concept study and eventually converted into practice. Subsequently, the scaled-up prototype was experimentally tested according to the CEN-EN-16846-1 standard (2017) for volatile organic compound (VOC) removal by an external scientific research center. The combined modelling and experimental approach used in this work, leads to essential insights into the design and assessment of photocatalytic reactors. Therefore, this study provides an essential step towards the optimization and commercialization of photocatalytic reactors for HVAC applications.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000487764800011	Publication Date	2019-06-22
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1385-8947; 1873-3212	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.216	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	; J.V.W. acknowledges the Agentschap Innoveren & Ondernemen for a PhD fellowship. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.216
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:162190			Serial	5986
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Roegiers, J.; Denys, S.
	Title	Development of a novel type activated carbon fiber filter for indoor air purification			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2021	Publication	Chemical Engineering Journal	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Eng J
	Volume	417	Issue		Pages	128109
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	A novel type of activated carbon fiber filter was developed for indoor air purification. The filter is equipped with electrodes for thermo-electrical regeneration at the point of saturation. The electrodes are arranged in such a way that the filter forms a pleated structure with an electrode in the tip of each pleat. This allows for a uniform temperature distribution on the filter surface during the regeneration process and the pleated structure reduces the overall pressure drop across the filter. The latter was validated by Computational Fluid Dynamics, using Darcy-Forchheimer parameters derived in previous work. The CFD model was further used to perform a virtual sensitivity study in search for the optimal ACF filter design by varying the pleat length, pleat height and filter thickness. Finally, adsorption and desorption properties were investigated with acetaldehyde and toluene as model compounds. Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption parameters, derived in previous work were successfully validated with a Multiphysics model.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000653229500132	Publication Date	2020-12-15
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1385-8947; 1873-3212	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.216	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 6.216
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:174105			Serial	7800
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	Author	Blommaerts, N.; Hoeven, N.; Arenas Esteban, D.; Campos, R.; Mertens, M.; Borah, R.; Glisenti, A.; De Wael, K.; Bals, S.; Lenaerts, S.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Cool, P.
	Title	Tuning the turnover frequency and selectivity of photocatalytic CO2 reduction to CO and methane using platinum and palladium nanoparticles on Ti-Beta zeolites			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2021	Publication	Chemical Engineering Journal	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Eng J
	Volume	410	Issue		Pages	128234
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL); Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	A Ti-Beta zeolite was used in gas phase photocatalytic CO2 reduction to reduce the charge recombination rate and increase the surface area compared to P25 as commercial benchmark, reaching 607 m2 g-1. By adding Pt nanoparticles, the selectivity can be tuned toward CO, reaching a value of 92% and a turnover frequency (TOF) of 96 µmol.gcat-1.h-1, nearly an order of magnitude higher in comparison with P25. By adding Pd nanoparticles the selectivity can be shifted from CO (70% for a bare Ti-Beta zeolite), toward CH4 as the prevalent species (60%). In this way, the selectivity toward CO or CH4 can be tuned by either using Pt or Pd. The TOF values obtained in this work outperform reported state-of-the-art values in similar research. The improved activity by adding the nanoparticles was attributed to an improved charge separation efficiency, together with a plasmonic contribution of the metal nanoparticles under the applied experimental conditions.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000623394200004	Publication Date	2021-01-09
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1385-8947	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.216	Times cited	15	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	N.B., S.L., S.W.V. and P.C. wish to thank the Flemish government and Catalisti for financial support and coordination in terms of a sprint SBO in the context of the moonshot project D2M. N.H. thanks the Flanders Innovation and Entrepreneurship (VLAIO) for the financial support. The Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE) group, R. Blust, University of Antwerp is acknowledged for the ICP-MS measurements.			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.216
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:174591			Serial	6662
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	Author	Lang, X.; Ouyang, Y.; Vandewalle, L.A.; Goshayeshi, B.; Chen, S.; Madanikashani, S.; Perreault, P.; Van Geem, K.M.; van Geem, K.M.
	Title	Gas-solid hydrodynamics in a stator-rotor vortex chamber reactor			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Chemical engineering journal	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Eng J
	Volume	446	Issue	5	Pages	137323-12
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	The gas-solid vortex reactor (GSVR) has enormous process intensification potential. However the huge gas consumption can be a serious disadvantage for the GSVR in some applications such as fast pyrolysis. In this work, we demonstrate a recent novel design, where a stator-rotor vortex chamber (STARVOC) is driven by the fluid's kinetic energy, to decouple the solids bed rotation and gas. Gas-solid fluidization by using air and monosized aluminum balls was performed to investigate the hydrodynamics. A constructed fluidization flow regime map for a fixed solids loading of 100 g shows that the bed can only be fluidized for a rotation speed between 200 and 400 RPM. Below 200 RPM, particles settle down on the bottom plate and cannot form a stable bed due to inertia and friction. Above 400 RPM, the bed cannot be fluidized with superficial velocities up to 1.8 m/s (air flow rate of 90 Nm(3)/h). The bed thickness shows some non-uniformities, being smaller at the top of the bed than at the bottom counterpart. However by increasing the air flow rate or rotation speed the axial nonuniformity can be resolved. The bed pressure drop first increases with increasing gas flow rate and then levels off, showing similar characteristics as conventional fluidized beds. Theoretical pressure drops calculated from mathematical models such as Kao et al. model agree well with experimental measurements. Particle velocity discrepancies between the top and bottom particles reveal that the impact of gravity cannot be completely neglected. Design guidelines and possible applications for further development of STARVOC concept are proposed based on fundamental data provided in this work.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000833418100006	Publication Date	2022-06-01
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1385-8947; 1873-3212	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	15.1	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 15.1
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:189283			Serial	7167
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Orozco-Jimenez, A.J.; Pinilla-Fernandez, D.A.; Pugliese, V.; Bula, A.; Perreault, P.; Gonzalez-Quiroga, A.
	Title	Angular momentum based-analysis of gas-solid fluidized beds in vortex chambers			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	Chemical engineering journal	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	457	Issue		Pages	141222-21
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Gas-solid vortex chambers are a promising alternative for reactive and non-reactive processes requiring enhanced heat and mass transfer rates and order-of-milliseconds contact time. The conservation of angular momentum is instrumental in understanding how the interactions between gas, particulate solids, and chamber walls influence the formation of a rotating solids bed. Therefore, this work applies the conservation of angular momentum to derive a model that gives the average angular velocity of solids in terms of gas injection velocity, wall-solids bed drag coefficient, gas and particle properties, and chamber geometry. Three datasets from published studies, comprising 1 g-Geldart B- and d-type particles in different vortex chambers, validate the model results. Using a sensitivity analysis, we assessed the effect of input variables on the average angular velocity of solids, average void fraction, and average bed height. Results indicate that the top and bottom end-wall boundaries exert the most significant braking effect on the rotating solids bed compared with the cylindrical outer wall and gas injection boundaries. The wall-solids bed drag coefficient appears independent of the gas injection velocity for a wide range of operating conditions. The proposed model is a valuable tool for analyzing and comparing gas–solid vortex typologies, unraveling improvement opportunities, and scale-up.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000951011600001	Publication Date	2022-12-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1385-8947; 1873-3212	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	15.1	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 15.1; 2023 IF: 6.216
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:192868			Serial	7282
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Peng, L.; Kassotaki, E.; Liu, Y.; Sun, J.; Dai, X.; Pijuan, M.; Rodriguez-Roda, I.; Buttiglieri, G.; Ni, B.-J.
	Title	Modelling cometabolic biotransformation of sulfamethoxazole by an enriched ammonia oxidizing bacteria culture			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	Chemical engineering science	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	173	Issue		Pages	465-473
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Antibiotics such as sulfamethoxazole (SFX) are environmentally hazardous after being released into the aquatic environment and challenges remain in the development of engineered prevention strategies. In this work, a mathematical model was developed to describe and evaluate cometabolic biotransformation of SFX and its transformation products (TPs) in an enriched ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) culture. The growth-linked cometabolic biodegradation by AOB, non-growth transformation by AOB and nongrowth transformation by heterotrophs were considered in the model framework. The production of major TPs comprising 4-Nitro-SFX, Desamino-SFX and N-4-Acetyl-SFX was also specifically modelled. The validity of the model was demonstrated through testing against literature reported data from extensive batch tests, as well as from long-term experiments in a partial nitritation sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and in a combined SBR + membrane aerated biofilm reactor performing nitrification/denitrification. Modelling results revealed that the removal efficiency of SFX increased with the increase of influent ammonium concentration, whereas the influent organic matter, hydraulic retention time and solid retention time exerted a limited effect on SFX biodegradation with the removal efficiencies varying in a narrow range. The variation of influent SFX concentration had no impact on SFX removal efficiency. The established model framework enables interpretation of a range of experimental observations on SFX biodegradation and helps to identify the optimal conditions for efficient removal. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000411764200039	Publication Date	2017-08-14
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0009-2509	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:146629			Serial	8267
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Peng, L.; Dai, X.; Liu, Y.; Sun, J.; Song, S.; Ni, B.-J.
	Title	Model-based assessment of estrogen removal by nitrifying activated sludge			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Chemosphere	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	197	Issue		Pages	430-437
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Complete removal of estrogens such as estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), estriol (E3) and ethinylestradiol (EE2) in wastewater treatment is essential since their release and accumulation in natural water bodies are giving rise to environment and health issues. To improve our understanding towards the estrogen bioremediation process, a mathematical model was proposed for describing estrogen removal by nitrifying activated sludge. Four pathways were involved in the developed model: i) biosorption by activated sludge flocs; ii) cometabolic biodegradation linked to ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) growth; iii) non growth biodegradation by AOB; and iv) biodegradation by heterotrophic bacteria (HB). The degradation kinetics was implemented into activated sludge model (ASM) framework with consideration of interactions between substrate update and microorganism growth as well as endogenous respiration. The model was calibrated and validated by fitting model predictions against two sets of batch experimental data under different conditions. The model could satisfactorily capture all the dynamics of nitrogen, organic matters (COD), and estrogens. Modeling results suggest that for El, E2 and EE2, AOB-linked biodegradation is dominant over biodegradation by HB at all investigated COD dosing levels. However, for E3, the increase of COD dosage triggers a shift of dominant pathway from AOB biodegradation to HB biodegradation. Adsorption becomes the main contributor to estrogen removal at high biomass concentrations. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000426231900049	Publication Date	2018-01-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0045-6535; 1879-1298	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:149842			Serial	8259
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Van Winckel, T.; Liu, X.; Vlaeminck, S.E.; Takács, I.; Al-Omari, A.; Sturm, B.; Kjellerup, B.V.; Murthy, S.N.; De Clippeleir, H.
	Title	Overcoming floc formation limitations in high-rate activated sludge systems			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Chemosphere	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	215	Issue		Pages	342-352
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	High-rate activated sludge (HRAS) is an essential cornerstone of the pursuit towards energy positive sewage treatment through maximizing capture of organics. The capture efficiency heavily relies on the degree of solid separation achieved in the clarifiers. Limitations in the floc formation process commonly emerge in HRAS systems, with detrimental consequences for the capture of organics. This study pinpointed and overcame floc formation limitations present in full-scale HRAS reactors. Orthokinetic flocculation tests were performed with varying shear, sludge concentration, and coagulant or flocculant addition. These were analyzed with traditional and novel settling parameters and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) measurements. HRAS was limited by insufficient collision efficiency and occurred because the solids retention time (SRT) was short and colloid loading was high. The limitation was predominantly caused by impaired flocculation rather than coagulation. In addition, the collision efficiency limitation was driven by EPS composition (low protein over polysaccharide ratio) instead of total EPS amount. Collision efficiency limitation was successfully overcome by bio-augmenting sludge from a biological nutrient removal reactor operating at long SRT which did not show any floc formation limitations. However, this action brought up a floc strength limitation. The latter was not correlated with EPS composition, but rather EPS amount and hindered settling parameters, which determined floc morphology. With this, an analysis toolkit was proposed that will enable design engineers and operators to tackle activated solid separation challenges found in HRAS systems and maximize the recovery potential of the process. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000450383400038	Publication Date	2018-10-01
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0045-6535; 1879-1298	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:153978			Serial	8350
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Van Winckel, T.; Ngo, N.; Sturm, B.; Al-Omari, A.; Wett, B.; Bott, C.; Vlaeminck, S.E.; De Clippeleir, H.
	Title	Enhancing bioflocculation in high-rate activated sludge improves effluent quality yet increases sensitivity to surface overflow rate			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Chemosphere	Abbreviated Journal	Chemosphere
	Volume	308	Issue	2	Pages	136294-11
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	High-rate activated sludge (HRAS) relies on good bioflocculation and subsequent solid-liquid separation to maximize the capture of organics. However, full-scale applications often suffer from poor and unpredictable effluent suspended solids (ESS). While the biological aspects of bioflocculation are thoroughly investigated, the effects of fines (settling velocity < 0.6 m3/m2/h), shear and surface overflow rate (SOR) are unclear. This work tackled the impact of fines, shear, and SOR on the ESS in absence of settleable influent solids. This was assessed on a full-scale HRAS step-feed (SF) and pilot-scale HRAS contact-stabilization (CS) configuration using batch settling tests, controlled clarifier experiments, and continuous operation of reactors. Fines contributed up to 25% of the ESS in the full-scale SF configuration. ESS decreased up to 30 mg TSS/L when bioflocculation was enhanced with the CS configuration. The feast-famine regime applied in CS promoted the production of high-quality extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). However, this resulted in a narrow and unfavorable settling velocity distribution, with 50% ± 5% of the sludge mass settling between 0.6 and 1.5 m3/m2/h, thus increasing sensitivity towards SOR changes. A low shear environment (20 s−1) before the clarifier for at least one min was enough to ensure the best possible settling velocity distribution, regardless of prior shear conditions. Overall, this paper provides a more complete view on the drivers of ESS in HRAS systems, creating the foundation for the design of effective HRAS clarifiers. Tangible recommendations are given on how to manage fines and establish the optimal settling velocity of the sludge.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000863979600006	Publication Date	2022-09-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0045-6535; 1879-1298	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	8.8	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 8.8
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:190187			Serial	7154
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Perreault, P.; Kummamuru, N.B.; Gonzalez Quiroga, A.; Lenaerts, S.
	Title	CO2 capture initiatives : are governments, society, industry and the financial sector ready?			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering	Abbreviated Journal	Curr Opin Chem Eng
	Volume	38	Issue		Pages	100874
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	The deployment of CCUS plants does not match the enormous requirements to meet the CO2 emission reductions fixed during the Paris agreement, and we must ask ourselves what is refraining the technology deployment, especially in light of the recent high CO2 prices. Owing to the higher costs than their fossil counterparts, Carbon Capture & Utilization represents a long-term solution. In addition to a gigantic scale-up effort even for the most mature Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) technologies, various factors are responsible for the slow roll-out of CCS projects. Luckily, the financial sector and governments are playing their role. Support from the public is however key, and an open communication is required to convert social tolerance into social acceptance.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000885329800001	Publication Date	2022-10-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2211-3398	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.6	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 6.6
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:191272			Serial	7137
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Baetens, D.; Schoofs, K.; Somers, N.; Denys, S.
	Title	A brief review on Multiphysics modelling of the various physical and chemical phenomena occurring in active oxidation reactors			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	Current opinion in green and sustainable chemistry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	40	Issue		Pages	100764-100766
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Heterogeneous photocatalysis can be used as an advanced oxidation technology frequently studied for application in photoreactors for air and water treatment. Extensive experimental investigation entails high costs and is also time consuming. Multiphysics modelling, a relatively new numerical method, provides a cost-effective and valuable alternative. By reconstructing the reactor geometry in dedicated software, meshing it and solving for occurring physical and chemical phenomena, Multiphysics models can be used to evaluate the performance of different reactor designs, increase insight into the occurring phenomena and study the influence of operational parameters on reactor performance. Finally, Multiphysics models are also developed for various applications like optimising the operational parameters, creating the ideal reactor design or scaling up a lab-scale reactor to a realistic prototype.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000947344000001	Publication Date	2023-02-02
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2452-2236	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	9.3	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 9.3; 2023 IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:195208			Serial	7278
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Perreault, P.; Van Hoecke, L.; Pourfallah, H.; Kummamuru, N.B.; Boruntea, C.-R.; Preuster, P.
	Title	Critical challenges towards the commercial rollouts of a LOHC-based H2 economy			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	Current opinion in green and sustainable chemistry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	41	Issue		Pages	100836-100838
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	This short review discusses recent developments related to the storage and release of hydrogen from liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs). It focusses on three areas of recent literature: the application and development of novel, alternative LOHC systems, process development and process integration in the storage and release of hydrogen from LOHCs, and the electrochemical conversion of LOHCs. For the novel LOHC systems, we briefly focus on reaction enthalpy and storage capacity as main KPIs for the comparison of those systems and discuss the technical availability on a relevant scale. In the field of process- and reactor development our emphasis lies on the power density of the chemical conversion units. The LOHC technology still requires further development to reach the necessary energy efficiency, flexibility and overall research maturity for market competitivity and commercial impact.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	001019180100001	Publication Date	2023-05-18
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2452-2236	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	9.3	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 9.3; 2023 IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:196520			Serial	8845
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	Author	Borah, R.; Verbruggen, S.W.
	Title	Effect of size distribution, skewness and roughness on the optical properties of colloidal plasmonic nanoparticles			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Colloids and surfaces: A: physicochemical and engineering aspects	Abbreviated Journal	Colloid Surface A
	Volume	640	Issue		Pages	128521
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	It is a generally accepted idea that the particle size distribution strongly affects the optical spectra of colloidal plasmonic nanoparticles. It is often quoted as one of the main reasons while explaining the mismatch between the theoretical and experimental optical spectra of such nanoparticles. In this work, these aspects are critically analyzed by means of a bottom up statistical approach that considers variables such as mean, standard deviation and skewness of the nanoparticle size distribution independently from one another. By assuming normal and log-normal distributions of the particle size, the effect of the statistical parameters on the Mie analytical optical spectra of colloidal nanoparticles was studied. The effect of morphology was also studied numerically in order to understand to what extent it can play a role. It is our finding that the particle polydispersity, skewness and surface morphology in fact only weakly impact the optical spectra. While, the selection of suitable optical constants with regard to the crystallinity of the nanoparticles is a far more influential factor for correctly predicting both the plasmon band position and the plasmon bandwidth in theoretical simulations of the optical spectra. It is shown that the mean particle size can be correctly estimated directly from the plasmon band position, as it is the mean that determines the resonance wavelength. The standard deviation can on the other hand be estimated from the intensity distribution data obtained from dynamic light scattering experiments. The results reported herein clear the ambiguity around particle size distribution and optical response of colloidal plasmonic nanoparticles.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Elservier	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000765946900002	Publication Date	2022-02-04
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0927-7757	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	5.2	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 5.2
	Call Number	DuEL @ duel @c:irua:185704			Serial	6908
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	Author	Omranian, S.R.; Geluykens, M.; Van Hal, M.; Hasheminejad, N.; Rocha Segundo, I.; Pipintakos, G.; Denys, S.; Tytgat, T.; Fraga Freitas, E.; Carneiro, J.; Verbruggen, S.; Vuye, C.
	Title	Assessing the potential of application of titanium dioxide for photocatalytic degradation of deposited soot on asphalt pavement surfaces			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Construction and building materials	Abbreviated Journal	Constr Build Mater
	Volume	350	Issue		Pages	128859-13
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	It is known that pollutants and their irreparable influence can considerably jeopardize the environment and human health. Such disastrous, growing, hazardous particles urged researchers to find effective ways and diminish their destructive impacts and preserve our planet. This study evaluates the potential of incorporating Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) semiconductor nanoparticles on asphalt pavements to degrade pollutants without compromising bitumen performance. Accordingly, the Response Surface Method (RSM) was employed to develop an experimental matrix based on the central composite design. Image Analysis (IA) was used to determine the rate of soot degradation (as pollutant representative) using MATLAB and ImageJ software. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) were finally carried out to estimate the effects of adding different percentages of TiO2 on the micro -structural features and dispersion of the TiO2, chemical fingerprinting, and rheological performance of the bituminous binder. The results showed a promising potential of TiO2 to degrade soot (over 50%) during the conducted experiments. In addition, the RSM outcomes showed that applying a higher amount of TiO2 is more efficient for pollutant degradation. Finally, no negative impact was observed, neither on the rheological behavior nor on the aging susceptibility of the bitumen, even though the homogenous dispersion of the TiO2 was clearly captured via CLSM.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000848227000001	Publication Date	2022-08-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0950-0618	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.4	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 7.4
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:189820			Serial	7128
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	Author	Agrawal, S.; Seuntjens, D.; De Cocker, P.; Lackner, S.; Vlaeminck, S.E.
	Title	Success of mainstream partial nitritation/anammox demands integration of engineering, microbiome and modeling insights			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Current opinion in biotechnology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	50	Issue		Pages	214-221
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Twenty years ago, mainstream partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) was conceptually proposed as pivotal for a more sustainable treatment of municipal wastewater. Its economic potential spurred research, yet practice awaits a comprehensive recipe for microbial resource management. Implementing mainstream PN/A requires transferable and operable ways to steer microbial competition as to meet discharge requirements on a year-round basis at satisfactory conversion rates. In essence, the competition for nitrogen, organic carbon and oxygen is grouped into ON/OFF (suppression/promotion) and IN/OUT (wash-out/retention and seeding) strategies, selecting for desirable conversions and microbes. Some insights need mechanistic understanding, while empirical observations suffice elsewhere. The provided methodological R&D framework integrates insights in engineering, microbiome and modeling. Such synergism should catalyze the implementation of energy-positive sewage treatment.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000430903400028	Publication Date	2018-02-17
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0958-1669	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:149977			Serial	8616
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