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Records |
Links |
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Author |
Tytgat, T.; Hauchecorne, B.; Abakumov, A.M.; Smits, M.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Lenaerts, S. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](http://nano.uantwerpen.be/nanorefs/img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Photocatalytic process optimisation for ethylene oxidation |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
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Volume |
209 |
Issue |
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Pages |
494-500 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
When studying photocatalysis it is important to consider, beside the chemical approach, the engineering part related to process optimisation. To achieve this a fixed bed photocatalytic set-up consisting of different catalyst placings, in order to vary catalyst distribution, is studied. The use of a fixed quantity of catalyst placed packed or randomly distributed in the reactor, results in an almost double degradation for the distributed catalyst. Applying this knowledge leads to an improved performance with limited use of catalyst. A reactor only half filled with catalyst leads to higher degradation performance compared to a completely filled reactor. Taking into account this simple process optimisation by better distributing the catalyst a more sustainable photocatalytic air purification process is achieved. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Lausanne |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000311190500058 |
Publication Date |
2012-08-22 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1385-8947; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.216 |
Times cited |
12 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; We are grateful for the delivered photocatalyst by Evonik as well as for the PhD grant (T. Tytgat) given by the Institute of Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.216; 2012 IF: 3.473 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:105185 |
Serial |
2609 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Smeulders, G.; van Oers, C.; Van Havenbergh, K.; Houthoofd, K.; Mertens, M.; Martens, J.A.; Bals, S.; Maes, B.U.W.; Meynen, V.; Cool, P. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](http://nano.uantwerpen.be/nanorefs/img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Smart heating profiles for the synthesis of benzene bridged periodic mesoporous organosilicas |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
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Volume |
175 |
Issue |
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Pages |
585-591 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Organic synthesis (ORSY) |
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Abstract |
In this study the effects of the heating rate and heating time on the formation of crystal-like benzene bridged periodic mesoporous organosilicas (PMOs) are investigated. The time needed to heat up an autoclave during the hydrothermal treatment has shown to be crucial in the synthesis of PMOs, while the total duration of heating gave rise to only minor differences. By choosing a smart heating profile, superior PMO materials can be obtained in a short time. Different heating profiles in a range from one minute to one hour are adopted by microwave equipment and compared with conventional heating methods. The heating rate has a large influence on the porosity characteristics and the uniformity of the obtained particles. Moreover, two new alternative synthetic strategies to adopt the smart heating profile are presented, in order to give some possible solutions for the expensive microwave equipment. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Lausanne |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000297875900069 |
Publication Date |
2011-10-07 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1385-8947; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.216 |
Times cited |
7 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
Fwo; Goa-Bof |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.216; 2011 IF: 3.461 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:93630 |
Serial |
3044 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Gholampour, N.; Chaemchuen, S.; Hu, Z.-Y.; Mousavi, B.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Verpoort, F. |
![goto web page url](http://nano.uantwerpen.be/nanorefs/img/www.gif)
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Title |
Simultaneous creation of metal nanoparticles in metal organic frameworks via spray drying technique |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
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Volume |
322 |
Issue |
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Pages |
702-709 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
In-situ fabrication of palladium(0) nanoparticles inside zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF-8) has been established via one-step facile spray-dry technique. Crystal structures and morphologies of the Pd@ZIF-8 samples are investigated by powder XRD, TEM, SAED, STEM, and EDX techniques. High angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAAD-STEM) and 3D tomographic analysis confirm the presence of palladium nanoparticles inside the ZIF-8 structure. The porosity, surface area and N-2 physisorption properties are evaluated for Pd@ZIF-8 with various palladium contents. Furthermore, Pd@ZIF-8 samples are effectively applied as heterogeneous catalysts in alkenes hydrogenation. This straightforward method is able to speed up the synthesis of encapsulation of metal nanoparticles in metal organic frameworks. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Lausanne |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000401594200069 |
Publication Date |
2017-04-19 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1385-8947; 0300-9467 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.216 |
Times cited |
14 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
; The authors would like to express their deep accolade to “State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing” for financial support. S.C. appreciates of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (303-41150231), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WUT: 2016IVA092) and the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (471-40120222). N.G. thanks the Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC) for her Ph.D. study grant 2013GXZ985. Z.-Y. H and G. V.T. acknowledge the support from the EC Framework 7 program ESTEEM2 (Reference 312483). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.216 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:144152 |
Serial |
4686 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Zhang, H.; Wang, W.; Li, X.; Han, L.; Yan, M.; Zhong, Y.; Tu, X. |
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Title |
Plasma activation of methane for hydrogen production in a N2 rotating gliding arc warm plasma : a chemical kinetics study |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
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Volume |
345 |
Issue |
345 |
Pages |
67-78 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Abstract |
In this work, a chemical kinetics study on methane activation for hydrogen production in a warm plasma, i.e., N-2 rotating gliding arc (RGA), was performed for the first time to get new insights into the underlying reaction mechanisms and pathways. A zero-dimensional chemical kinetics model was developed, which showed a good agreement with the experimental results in terms of the conversion of CH4 and product selectivities, allowing us to get a better understanding of the relative significance of various important species and their related reactions to the formation and loss of CH4, H-2, and C2H2 etc. An overall reaction scheme was obtained to provide a realistic picture of the plasma chemistry. The results reveal that the electrons and excited nitrogen species (mainly N-2(A)) play a dominant role in the initial dissociation of CH4. However, the H atom induced reaction CH4+ H -> CH3+ H-2, which has an enhanced reaction rate due to the high gas temperature (over 1200 K), is the major contributor to both the conversion of CH4 and H-2 production, with its relative contributions of > 90% and > 85%, respectively, when only considering the forward reactions. The coexistence and interaction of thermochemical and plasma chemical processes in the rotating gliding arc warm plasma significantly enhance the process performance. The formation of C-2 hydrocarbons follows a nearly one-way path of C2H6 -> C2H4 -> C2H2, explaining why the selectivities of C-2 products decreased in the order of C2H2 > C2H4 > C2H6. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Elsevier Sequoia |
Place of Publication |
Lausanne |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000430696500008 |
Publication Date |
2018-03-24 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.216 |
Times cited |
25 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.216 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:151450 |
Serial |
5036 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Trenchev, G.; Nikiforov, A.; Wang, W.; Kolev, S.; Bogaerts, A. |
![goto web page url](http://nano.uantwerpen.be/nanorefs/img/www.gif)
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Title |
Atmospheric pressure glow discharge for CO2 conversion : model-based exploration of the optimum reactor configuration |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
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Volume |
362 |
Issue |
362 |
Pages |
830-841 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Abstract |
We investigate the performance of an atmospheric pressure glow discharge (APGD) reactor for CO2 conversion in three different configurations, through experiments and simulations. The first (basic) configuration utilizes the well-known pin-to-plate design, which offers a limited conversion. The second configuration improves the reactor performance by employing a vortex-flow generator. The third, “confined” configuration is a complete redesign of the reactor, which encloses the discharge in a limited volume, significantly surpassing the conversion rate of the other two designs. The plasma properties are investigated using an advanced plasma model. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000457863500084 |
Publication Date |
2019-01-18 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.216 |
Times cited |
4 |
Open Access |
Not_Open_Access: Available from 15.10.2019
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.216 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:157459 |
Serial |
5269 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Pauwels, D.; Hereijgers, J.; Verhulst, K.; De Wael, K.; Breugelmans, T. |
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Title |
Investigation of the electrosynthetic pathway of the aldol condensation of acetone |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
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Volume |
289 |
Issue |
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Pages |
554-561 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT) |
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Abstract |
The potential-controlled electrochemical aldol condensation of acetone to diacetone alcohol in a standard batch electrolysis set-up was studied in this work. It is confirmed that the reaction proceeds at the cathode and that, contrary to what is mentioned in earlier literature, water in the electrolyte has a disadvantageous effect on the reaction. Similar to the chemical reaction, the electrochemical reaction reaches a maximum yield when the equilibrium is reached. Separating the anode and cathode prevents cross-over and degradation of products, leading to a higher yield. Starting with pure acetone and support electrolyte, it was possible to obtain a diacetone alcohol concentration of 15 m% after two hours electrolysis in a divided set-up with a platinum electrode at -2.5 V. The concentration gradient throughout the electrolysis follows an exponential curve up to its equilibrium concentration. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000371559900061 |
Publication Date |
2016-01-13 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.216 |
Times cited |
6 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.216 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:130396 |
Serial |
5675 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Verbruggen, S.W.; Lenaerts, S.; Denys, S. |
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Title |
Analytic versus CFD approach for kinetic modeling of gas phase photocatalysis |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
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Volume |
262 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1-8 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
In this work two methods for determining the LangmuirHinshelwood kinetic parameters for a slit-shaped flat bed photocatalytic reactor are compared: an analytic mass transfer based model adapted from literature and a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach that was used in conjunction with a simplex optimization routine. Despite the differences between both approaches, similar values for the kinetic parameters and similar trends in terms of their UV intensity dependence were found. Using an effectiveness-NTU (number of transfer units) approach, the analytic mass transfer based method could quantify the relative contributions of the rate limiting steps through a reaction effectiveness parameter. The numeric CFD approach on the other hand could yield the two kinetic parameters that determine the photocatalytic reaction rate simultaneously. Furthermore, it proved to be more accurate as it accounts for the spatial variation of flow rate, reaction rate and concentrations at the surface of the photocatalyst. We elaborate this dual kinetic analysis with regard to the photocatalytic degradation of acetaldehyde in air over a silicon wafer coated with a layer of TiO2 P25 (Evonik) and study the usefulness and limitations of both strategies. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000347577700001 |
Publication Date |
2014-09-28 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.216 |
Times cited |
30 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; S.W.V. acknowledges the Research Foundation of Flanders (FWO) for financial support. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.216; 2015 IF: 4.321 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:119724 |
Serial |
5927 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Verbruggen, S.W.; Ribbens, S.; Tytgat, T.; Hauchecorne, B.; Smits, M.; Meynen, V.; Cool, P.; Martens, J.A.; Lenaerts, S. |
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Title |
The benefit of glass bead supports for efficient gas phase photocatalysis : case study of a commercial and a synthesised photocatalyst |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
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Volume |
174 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
318-325 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
In the field of photocatalytic air purification, the immobilisation of catalyst particles on support surfaces without loss of photon efficiency is an important challenge. Therefore, an immobilisation method involving a one-step suspension coating of pre-synthesised photocatalysts on glass beads was applied. The various benefits are exemplified in the gas phase photodegradation of ethylene. Coating of glass beads is easy, fast, cheap and offers a more efficient alternative to bulk catalyst pellets. Furthermore, this coating procedure allows to use porous, pre-synthesised catalysts to their full potential, as the surface area and morphology of the initial powder is barely altered after coating, in strong contrast to pelletising. With this technique it became possible to study the gas phase photocatalytic activity of commercial titanium dioxide, trititanate nanotubes and mixed phase anatase/trititanate nanotubes in a packed bed reactor towards the degradation of ethylene without changing the catalyst properties. Coating of glass beads with the photocatalyst revealed the superior activity of the as-prepared nanotubes, compared to TiO2 Aerolyst® 7710 in gaseous phase. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000296950300041 |
Publication Date |
2011-09-17 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.216 |
Times cited |
39 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The author wishes to acknowledge the Research Foundation of Flanders (FWO) for the financial support. Evonik is greatly thanked for supplying the TiO<INF>2</ INF> Aerolyst (R) 7710 pellets. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.216; 2011 IF: 3.461 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:93364 |
Serial |
5929 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
van Walsem, J.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Modde, B.; Lenaerts, S.; Denys, S. |
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Title |
CFD investigation of a multi-tube photocatalytic reactor in non-steady-state conditions |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
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Volume |
304 |
Issue |
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Pages |
808-816 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
A novel multi-tube photoreactor is presented with a high efficiency (over 90% conversion) toward the degradation of acetaldehyde in air under UV conditions with an incident intensity of 2.1 mW cm−2. A CFD model was developed to simulate the transient adsorption and photocatalytic degradation processes of acetaldehyde in this reactor design and to estimate the corresponding kinetic parameters through an optimization routine using the experimentally determined outlet concentration profiles. The CFD model takes into account the entire reactor geometry and all relevant flow parameters, in contrast to analytical methods that often oversimplify the physical and chemical process characteristics. Using CFD, we show that both adsorption and desorption rate constants increase by respectively one and two orders of magnitude when the UV light is switched on, which clearly affects the transient behavior. The agreement of the experimental and modelled concentration profiles is excellent as evidenced by a coefficient of determination of at least 0.965. To demonstrate the reliability and accuracy of all parameters obtained from the modelling approach, an ultimate validation test was performed using other conditions than the ones used for estimating the kinetic parameters. The model was able to accurately simulate simultaneous adsorption, desorption and photocatalytic degradation. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000384777200089 |
Publication Date |
2016-07-08 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.216 |
Times cited |
10 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; J.V.W. acknowledges the Agentschap Innoveren & Ondernemen for a PhD fellowship. S.W.V. acknowledges the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO) for a postdoctoral fellowship. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.216 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:139620 |
Serial |
5933 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Verbruggen, S.W.; Keulemans, M.; van Walsem, J.; Tytgat, T.; Lenaerts, S.; Denys, S. |
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Title |
CFD modeling of transient adsorption/desorption behavior in a gas phase photocatalytic fiber reactor |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
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Volume |
292 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
42-50 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
We present the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for accurately determining the adsorption parameters of acetaldehyde on photocatalytic fiber filter material, integrated in a continuous flow system. Unlike the traditional analytical analysis based on Langmuir adsorption, not only steady-state situations but also transient phenomena can be accounted for. Air displacement effects in the reactor and gas detection cell are investigated and inherently made part of the model. Incorporation of a surface aldol condensation reaction in the CFD analysis further improves the accuracy of the model which enables to extract precise, intrinsic adsorption parameters for situations in which analytical analysis would otherwise fail. |
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Address |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
000373648000005 |
Publication Date |
2016-02-09 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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|
Impact Factor |
6.216 |
Times cited |
12 |
Open Access |
|
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|
Notes |
; S.W.V. acknowledges the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO) for a postdoctoral fellowship. M.K. acknowledges the IWT for a Ph.D. fellowship. Konstantina Kalafata and Ioanna Fasaki are greatly thanked for providing the NanoPhos suspension. Bioscience Engineering bachelor students M. Gerritsma, J. Helsen and Y. Riahi Drif are thanked for their assistance in performing the adsorption experiments. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.216 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:130876 |
Serial |
5934 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
van Walsem, J.; Roegiers, J.; Modde, B.; Lenaerts, S.; Denys, S. |
![goto web page url](http://nano.uantwerpen.be/nanorefs/img/www.gif)
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Title |
Determination of intrinsic kinetic parameters in photocatalytic multi-tube reactors by combining the NTUm-method with radiation field modelling |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
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|
Volume |
354 |
Issue |
354 |
Pages |
1042-1049 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
In this work, we propose an adapted Number of Transfer Units (NTUm)-method as an effective tool to determine the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic parameters for a photocatalytic multi-tube reactor. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood rate constant kLH and the Langmuir adsorption constant KL were determined from several experiments under different UV-irradiance conditions, resulting in irradiance depending values for kLH. In order to determine a unique, intrinsic empirical constant k0, valid for all irradiation conditions, we coupled the adapted NTUm-method with a radiation field model to predict UV-irradiance distribution inside the reactor. The final set of kinetic parameters were derived using a Generalized Reduced Gradient (GRG) nonlinear solving method in Matlab which minimizes the differences between model and experimental reactor outlet concentrations of acetaldehyde for various photocatalytic experiments under varying operating conditions, including inlet concentration, flow rate and UV-irradiance. An excellent agreement of the intrinsic empirical constant k0, derived from the coupled NTUm-radiation field model and an earlier published CFD approach was found, emphasizing its validity and reliability. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000445413900099 |
Publication Date |
2018-08-03 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
6.216 |
Times cited |
2 |
Open Access |
|
|
|
Notes |
; J.V.W. acknowledges the Agentschap Innoveren & Ondernemen for a PhD fellowship. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.216 |
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|
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:154845 |
Serial |
5940 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Van Hal, M.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Yang, X.-Y.; Lenaerts, S.; Tytgat, T. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](http://nano.uantwerpen.be/nanorefs/img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Image analysis and in situ FTIR as complementary detection tools for photocatalytic soot oxidation |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
|
|
Volume |
367 |
Issue |
367 |
Pages |
269-277 |
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|
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Air pollution, especially particulate matter (PM), is an increasingly urgent problem in urban environments, causing both short and long-term health problems, climate interference and aesthetical problems due to building fouling. Photocatalysis has been shown to be a possible solution to that end. In this work two complementary detection methods for photocatalytic soot oxidation are studied and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. First, a colour-based digital image analysis method is drastically improved towards an accurate, detailed and straightforward detection tool, that enables simultaneous measurement of the degradation of different grades of soot fouling (for instance a shallow soot haze versus condensed soot deposits). In the next part, a second soot oxidation detection method is presented based on in situ FTIR spectroscopy. This method has the additional advantage of providing more insight into the photocatalytic soot degradation process by monitoring both gaseous and adsorbed intermediates as well as reaction products while the reactions are ongoing. As an illustration, the proposed detection strategies were applied on four different commercially available and synthesized photocatalytic materials. The digital image analysis showed that P25 (Evonik) is the fastest photocatalytic soot degrader of all studied materials for both a uniform soot haze as well as concentrated soot spots. Application of the in situ method showed that for all studied materials adsorbed formate-related surface species were formed and that commercially available ZnO nanopowder has the highest specificity towards complete mineralization into CO2. With this we aim to provide a set of complementary experimental tools for the convenient, reliable, realistic and standardised detection of photocatalytic soot degradation. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000461380400028 |
Publication Date |
2019-02-23 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
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ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
6.216 |
Times cited |
1 |
Open Access |
|
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|
Notes |
; M.V.H. acknowledges the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO) for a doctoral fellowship. M.V.H., S.W.V., S.L. and X-Y.Y. thank the FWO and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) for funding an international collaboration project. Mr. M. Minjauw is greatly thanked for his help in the AFM measurements. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.216 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:157789 |
Serial |
5958 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Smits, M.; Chan, C. kit; Tytgat, T.; Craeye, B.; Costarramone, N.; Lacombe, S.; Lenaerts, S. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](http://nano.uantwerpen.be/nanorefs/img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Photocatalytic degradation of soot deposition : self-cleaning effect on titanium dioxide coated cementitious materials |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
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Volume |
222 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
411-418 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Diesel soot emissions deteriorate the appearance of architectural building materials by soot fouling. This soot deposition devalue the aesthetic value of the building. A solution to counteract this problem is applying titanium dioxide on building materials. TiO2 can provide air-purifying and self-cleaning properties due to its photocatalytic activity. In literature, photocatalytic soot oxidation is observed on glass or silicon substrates. However, degradation of soot by photocatalysis was not yet investigated on cementitious samples (mortar, concrete) although it is one of the most frequently used building materials. In this study, photocatalytic soot oxidation by means of TiO2 coated cementitious samples is addressed. The soot removal capacity of four types of TiO2 layers, coated on mortar samples, is evaluated by means of two detection methods. The first method is based on colorimetric measurements, while the second method uses digital image processing to calculate the area of soot coverage. The experimental data revealed that cementitious materials coated with commercially available TiO2 exhibited self-cleaning properties as it was found that all coated samples were able to remove soot. The P25 coating gave the best soot degradation performance, while the Eoxolit product showed the slowest soot degradation rate. In addition, gas chromatography measurements in a closed chamber experiment with P25 confirmed that complete mineralization of about 60% of the soot was obtained within 24 hours since CO2 was the sole observed oxidation product. Due to its realistic approach, this study proves that photocatalytic soot removal on TiO2 coated cementitious surfaces is possible in practice, which is an important step towards the practical application of self-cleaning building materials. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
000319528900046 |
Publication Date |
2013-03-05 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
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|
ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
6.216 |
Times cited |
43 |
Open Access |
|
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|
Notes |
; This work was supported by a PhD grant (M. Smits) from the University of Antwerp, a PhD grant (T. Tytgat) funded by the Institute of Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT) and the exchange program Tournesol (Project T2012.05) financed by the Flemish government. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.216; 2013 IF: 4.058 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:106519 |
Serial |
5979 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
van Walsem, J.; Roegiers, J.; Modde, B.; Lenaerts, S.; Denys, S. |
![goto web page url](http://nano.uantwerpen.be/nanorefs/img/www.gif)
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Title |
Proof of concept of an upscaled photocatalytic multi-tube reactor : a combined modelling and experimental study |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
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Volume |
378 |
Issue |
378 |
Pages |
122038 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Three upscaled multi-tube photocatalytic reactors designed for integration into HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) systems were proposed and evaluated using a CFD modelling approach, with emphasis on the flow, irradiation and concentration distribution in the reactor and hence, photocatalytic performance. Based on the obtained insights, the best reactor design was selected, further characterized and improved by an additional proof of concept study and eventually converted into practice. Subsequently, the scaled-up prototype was experimentally tested according to the CEN-EN-16846-1 standard (2017) for volatile organic compound (VOC) removal by an external scientific research center. The combined modelling and experimental approach used in this work, leads to essential insights into the design and assessment of photocatalytic reactors. Therefore, this study provides an essential step towards the optimization and commercialization of photocatalytic reactors for HVAC applications. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000487764800011 |
Publication Date |
2019-06-22 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
6.216 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
|
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|
Notes |
; J.V.W. acknowledges the Agentschap Innoveren & Ondernemen for a PhD fellowship. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.216 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:162190 |
Serial |
5986 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Zhou, R.; Zhou, R.; Xian, Y.; Fang, Z.; Lu, X.; Bazaka, K.; Bogaerts, A.; Ostrikov, K.(K.) |
![goto web page url](http://nano.uantwerpen.be/nanorefs/img/www.gif)
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Title |
Plasma-enabled catalyst-free conversion of ethanol to hydrogen gas and carbon dots near room temperature |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Chemical Engineering Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
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Volume |
382 |
Issue |
382 |
Pages |
122745 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Abstract |
Selective conversion of bio-renewable ethanol under mild conditions especially at room temperature remains a major challenge for sustainable production of hydrogen and valuable carbon-based materials. In this study, adaptive non-thermal plasma is applied to deliver pulsed energy to rapidly and selectively reform ethanol in the absence of a catalyst. Importantly, the carbon atoms in ethanol that would otherwise be released into the environment in the form of CO or CO2 are effectively captured in the form of carbon dots (CDs). Three modes of non-thermal spark plasma discharges, i.e. single spark mode (SSM), multiple spark mode (MSM) and gliding spark mode (GSM), provide additional flexibility in ethanol reforming by controlling the processes of energy transfer and distribution, thereby affecting the flow rate, gas content, and energy consumption in H-2 production. A favourable combination of low temperature (< 40 degrees C), attractive conversion rate (gas flow rate of similar to 120 mL/min), high hydrogen yield (H-2 content > 90%), low energy consumption (similar to 0.96 kWh/m(3) H-2) and the effective generation of photoluminescent CDs (which are applicable for bioimaging or biolabelling) in the MSM indicate that the proposed strategy may offer a new carbon-negative avenue for comprehensive utilization of alcohols and mitigating the increasingly severe energy and environmental issues. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000503381200200 |
Publication Date |
2019-09-07 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
15.1 |
Times cited |
20 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 15.1; 2020 IF: 6.216 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:165648 |
Serial |
6318 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Lang, X.; Ouyang, Y.; Vandewalle, L.A.; Goshayeshi, B.; Chen, S.; Madanikashani, S.; Perreault, P.; Van Geem, K.M.; van Geem, K.M. |
![goto web page url](http://nano.uantwerpen.be/nanorefs/img/www.gif)
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Title |
Gas-solid hydrodynamics in a stator-rotor vortex chamber reactor |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
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Volume |
446 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
137323-12 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
The gas-solid vortex reactor (GSVR) has enormous process intensification potential. However the huge gas consumption can be a serious disadvantage for the GSVR in some applications such as fast pyrolysis. In this work, we demonstrate a recent novel design, where a stator-rotor vortex chamber (STARVOC) is driven by the fluid's kinetic energy, to decouple the solids bed rotation and gas. Gas-solid fluidization by using air and monosized aluminum balls was performed to investigate the hydrodynamics. A constructed fluidization flow regime map for a fixed solids loading of 100 g shows that the bed can only be fluidized for a rotation speed between 200 and 400 RPM. Below 200 RPM, particles settle down on the bottom plate and cannot form a stable bed due to inertia and friction. Above 400 RPM, the bed cannot be fluidized with superficial velocities up to 1.8 m/s (air flow rate of 90 Nm(3)/h). The bed thickness shows some non-uniformities, being smaller at the top of the bed than at the bottom counterpart. However by increasing the air flow rate or rotation speed the axial nonuniformity can be resolved. The bed pressure drop first increases with increasing gas flow rate and then levels off, showing similar characteristics as conventional fluidized beds. Theoretical pressure drops calculated from mathematical models such as Kao et al. model agree well with experimental measurements. Particle velocity discrepancies between the top and bottom particles reveal that the impact of gravity cannot be completely neglected. Design guidelines and possible applications for further development of STARVOC concept are proposed based on fundamental data provided in this work. |
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Corporate Author |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
000833418100006 |
Publication Date |
2022-06-01 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
15.1 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: 15.1 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:189283 |
Serial |
7167 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Wang, J.; Zhang, K.; Bogaerts, A.; Meynen, V. |
![goto web page url](http://nano.uantwerpen.be/nanorefs/img/www.gif)
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Title |
3D porous catalysts for plasma-catalytic dry reforming of methane : how does the pore size affect the plasma-catalytic performance? |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
464 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
142574-12 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Abstract |
The effect of pore size on plasma catalysis is crucial but still unclear. Studies have shown plasma cannot enter micropores and mesopores, so catalysts for traditional thermocatalysis may not fit plasma catalysis. Here, 3D porous Cu and CuO with different pore sizes were prepared using uniform silica particles (10–2000 nm) as templates, and compared in plasma-catalytic dry reforming. In most cases, the smaller the pore size, the higher the conversion of CH4 and CO2. Large pores reachable by more electrons did not improve the reaction efficiency. We attribute this to the small surface area and large crystallite size, as indicated by N2-sorption, mercury intrusion and XRD. While the smaller pores might not be reachable by electrons, due to the sheath formed in front of them, as predicted by modeling, they can still be reached by radicals formed in the plasma, and ions can even be attracted into these pores. An exception are the samples synthesized from 1 μm silica, which show better performance. We believe this is due to the electric field enhancement for pore sizes close to the Debye length. The performances of CuO and Cu with different pore sizes can provide references for future research on oxide supports and metal components of plasma catalysts. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000966076400001 |
Publication Date |
2023-03-21 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
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ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
15.1 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: 15.1; 2023 IF: 6.216 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:194862 |
Serial |
7262 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Wang, J.; Zhang, K.; Meynen, V.; Bogaerts, A. |
![goto web page url](http://nano.uantwerpen.be/nanorefs/img/www.gif)
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Title |
Dry reforming in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor with non-uniform discharge gap : effects of metal rings on the discharge behavior and performance |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
|
Issue |
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Pages |
142953-29 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Abstract |
The application of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactors is promising in various environmental and energy processes, but is limited by their low energy yield. In this study, we put a number of stainless steel rings over the inner electrode rod of the DBD reactor to change the local discharge gap and electric field, and we studied the dry reforming performance. At 50 W supplied power, the metal rings mostly have a negative impact on the performance, which we attribute to the non-uniform spatial distribution of the discharges caused by the rings. However, at 30 W supplied power, the energy yield is higher than at 50 W and the placement of the rings improves the performance of the reactor. More rings and with a larger cross-sectional diameter can further improve the performance. The reactor with 20 rings with a 3.2 mm cross-sectional diameter exhibits the best performance in this study. Compared to the reactor without rings, it increases the CO2 conversion from 7% to 16 %, the CH4 conversion from 12% to 23%, and the energy yield from 0.05 mmol/kJ supplied power to 0.1 mmol/kJ (0.19 mmol/kJ if calculated from the plasma power), respectively. The presence of the rings increases the local electric field, the displaced charge and the discharge fraction, and also makes the discharge more stable and with more uniform intensity. It also slightly improves the selectivity to syngas. The performance improvement observed by placing stainless steel rings in this study may also be applicable to other plasma-based processes. |
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Corporate Author |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000986051300001 |
Publication Date |
2023-04-17 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
15.1 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: 15.1; 2023 IF: 6.216 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:195603 |
Serial |
7264 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Orozco-Jimenez, A.J.; Pinilla-Fernandez, D.A.; Pugliese, V.; Bula, A.; Perreault, P.; Gonzalez-Quiroga, A. |
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Title |
Angular momentum based-analysis of gas-solid fluidized beds in vortex chambers |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
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Volume |
457 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
141222-21 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Gas-solid vortex chambers are a promising alternative for reactive and non-reactive processes requiring enhanced heat and mass transfer rates and order-of-milliseconds contact time. The conservation of angular momentum is instrumental in understanding how the interactions between gas, particulate solids, and chamber walls influence the formation of a rotating solids bed. Therefore, this work applies the conservation of angular momentum to derive a model that gives the average angular velocity of solids in terms of gas injection velocity, wall-solids bed drag coefficient, gas and particle properties, and chamber geometry. Three datasets from published studies, comprising 1 g-Geldart B- and d-type particles in different vortex chambers, validate the model results. Using a sensitivity analysis, we assessed the effect of input variables on the average angular velocity of solids, average void fraction, and average bed height. Results indicate that the top and bottom end-wall boundaries exert the most significant braking effect on the rotating solids bed compared with the cylindrical outer wall and gas injection boundaries. The wall-solids bed drag coefficient appears independent of the gas injection velocity for a wide range of operating conditions. The proposed model is a valuable tool for analyzing and comparing gas–solid vortex typologies, unraveling improvement opportunities, and scale-up. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000951011600001 |
Publication Date |
2022-12-29 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
15.1 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: 15.1; 2023 IF: 6.216 |
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|
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:192868 |
Serial |
7282 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Brienza, F.; Van Aelst, K.; Devred, F.; Magnin, D.; Tschulkow, M.; Nimmegeers, P.; Van Passel, S.; Sels, B.F.; Gerin, P.; Debecker, D.P.; Cybulska, I. |
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Title |
Unleashing lignin potential through the dithionite-assisted organosolv fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Chemical Engineering Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
|
|
Volume |
450 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
138179-14 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM); Intelligence in PRocesses, Advanced Catalysts and Solvents (iPRACS) |
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Abstract |
The development of biomass pretreatment approaches that, next to (hemi)cellulose valorization, aim at the conversion of lignin to chemicals is essential for the long-term success of a biorefinery. Herein, we discuss a dithionite-assisted organosolv fractionation (DAOF) of lignocellulose in n-butanol and water to produce cellulosic pulp and mono-/oligo-aromatics. The study frames the technicalities of this biorefinery process and relates them to the features of the obtained product streams. We comprehensively identify and quantify all products of interest: solid pulp (acid hydrolysis-HPLC, ATR-FTIR, XRD, SEM, enzymatic hydrolysis-HPLC), lignin derivatives (GPC, GC-MS/FID, 1H-13C HSQC NMR, ICP-AES), and carbohydrate derivatives (HPLC). These results were used for inspecting the economic feasibility of DAOF. In the best process configuration, a high yield of monophenolics was reached (~20%, based on acid insoluble lignin in birch sawdust). Various other lignocellulosic feedstocks were also explored, showing that DAOF is particularly effective on hardwood and herbaceous biomass. Overall, this study demonstrates that DAOF is a viable fractionation method for the sustainable upgrading of lignocellulosic biomass. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000888204900005 |
Publication Date |
2022-07-20 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
15.1 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: 15.1 |
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|
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:189322 |
Serial |
7373 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Roegiers, J.; van Walsem, J.; Denys, S. |
![goto web page url](http://nano.uantwerpen.be/nanorefs/img/www.gif)
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Title |
CFD- and radiation field modeling of a gas phase photocatalytic multi-tube reactor |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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|
|
Volume |
338 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
287-299 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
This paper focusses on the development of a Multiphysics model as a tool for assessing the performance of a multi-tube photoreactor. The model predicts the transient behavior of acetaldehyde concentration, as a model compound for the organic fraction of the indoor air pollutants, under varying sets of conditions. A 3D-model couples radiation field modeling with reaction kinetics and fluid dynamics in order to simulate the transport of the pollutant as it progresses through the reactor. A model-based approach is proposed to determine the layer thickness and refractive index of different P25-powder modified solgel coatings, using an optimization procedure to estimate these parameters based on UV-irradiance measurements. The radiation field model was able to accurately predict the irradiance on the catalytic surface within the reactor. Consequently, the radiation field model was used to define an irradiance dependent reaction rate constant in a coupled Multiphysics model. An optimization routine was deployed to estimate the adsorption, desorption- and photocatalytic reaction rate constants on the TiO2-surface, using experimentally determined, transient outlet concentrations of acetaldehyde. Additionally, a validation test was performed in an air-tight climate chamber at much higher flow rates, higher irradiance and realistic indoor pollutant concentrations to emphasize the reliability and accuracy of the parameters for adsorption, desorption and photocatalytic reaction. The developed model makes it possible to optimize the reactor design and scale-up for commercial applications. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000427618400031 |
Publication Date |
2018-01-08 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
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ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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|
Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:149115 |
Serial |
7589 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Roegiers, J.; Denys, S. |
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Title |
CFD-modelling of activated carbon fibers for indoor air purification |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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|
|
Volume |
365 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
80-87 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Activated carbon fibers for indoor air purification were investigated by means of pressure drop and adsorption capacity. The Darcy-Forchheimer law combined with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling was deployed to simulate the pressure drop over an activated carbon fiber (ACF) filter with varying filter thickness. The CFD model was later combined with adsorption modelling to simulate breakthrough profiles of acetaldehyde adsorption on the ACF-filter. The adsorption model incorporates mass transfer resistance and adsorption equilibrium. It assumes local equilibrium between gas phase and solid phase. The latter was investigated for three different adsorption isotherms: linear, Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption. Successful agreement between model simulations and experimental data was obtained, using the Freundlich adsorption model. The numerical model could provide valuable insights and allows to continuously improve the design of filtration devices. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
|
Wos |
000459009800009 |
Publication Date |
2019-02-02 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
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|
ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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|
Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:156996 |
Serial |
7590 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Roegiers, J.; Denys, S. |
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Title |
Development of a novel type activated carbon fiber filter for indoor air purification |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Chemical Engineering Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
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Volume |
417 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
128109 |
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|
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
A novel type of activated carbon fiber filter was developed for indoor air purification. The filter is equipped with electrodes for thermo-electrical regeneration at the point of saturation. The electrodes are arranged in such a way that the filter forms a pleated structure with an electrode in the tip of each pleat. This allows for a uniform temperature distribution on the filter surface during the regeneration process and the pleated structure reduces the overall pressure drop across the filter. The latter was validated by Computational Fluid Dynamics, using Darcy-Forchheimer parameters derived in previous work. The CFD model was further used to perform a virtual sensitivity study in search for the optimal ACF filter design by varying the pleat length, pleat height and filter thickness. Finally, adsorption and desorption properties were investigated with acetaldehyde and toluene as model compounds. Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption parameters, derived in previous work were successfully validated with a Multiphysics model. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000653229500132 |
Publication Date |
2020-12-15 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
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ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
6.216 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.216 |
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|
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:174105 |
Serial |
7800 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Spooren, J.; Kim, E.; Horckmans, L.; Broos, K.; Nielsen, P.; Quaghebeur, M. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](http://nano.uantwerpen.be/nanorefs/img/doi.gif)
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Title |
In-situ chromium and vanadium recovery of landfilled ferrochromium and stainless steel slags |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
303 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
359-368 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
A novel heap leaching method was investigated for selective removal of chromium (Cr) and-vanadium (V) from ferrochromium (FeCr) and stainless steel (SS) slags. In particular, alkaline oxidative heap leaching was simulated on lab-scale by batch and column leaching tests. The results show a selective leaching of Cr (11-19%) and V (7.0-7.5%) after 64 days of column leaching, with a very low dissolution (<2.2% (FeCr slag) and <0.15% (SS slag)) of matrix elements (e.g. Al, Fe, Si, Mg, Ca), when NaOCl is applied as oxidation agent and NaOH as alkaline agent. Furthermore, the used leaching liquor is reactive for a longer period of time, indicating that circulation of leaching liquor could be possible. Finally, the experimental results were fed into a first-order model which predicts that Cr will continue to leach from the tested slags for 4-5 years at a chosen infiltration rate of 73,000 l/(y m(2)). (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000383522800036 |
Publication Date |
2016-05-27 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
|
|
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:137104 |
Serial |
8074 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Kim, E.; Spooren, J.; Broos, K.; Nielsen, P.; Horckmans, L.; Vrancken, K.C.; Quaghebeur, M. |
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Title |
New method for selective Cr recovery from stainless steel slag by NaOCl assisted alkaline leaching and consecutive BaCrO4 precipitation |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
295 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
542-551 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
A new hydrometallurgical method was investigated for selective leaching of chromium from stainless steel slag (SS slag) consisting of temperature controlled extraction with NaOH in the presence of NaOCl, followed by water leaching. After parameter optimization of the NaOCl-NaOH extraction step, a selective Cr leaching of 68% was reached, while dissolution of matrix materials was low (Al 0.3%, Ca 2.0%, Si 0.4%). The optimum conditions for the investigated system are: 105 degrees C, 6 h, SS slag particle size <63 mu m, mass ratio of NaOH to SS slag 0.13, and 3.3 mmol NaOCl to 1 g SS slag. The described oxidative alkaline leaching process by hypochlorite enables selective recovery of Cr at a significantly lower temperature and required amount of alkaline agent than molten salt or alkaline roasting processes. BaCrO4 was precipitated to purify and concentrate Cr from the leachate in which also minor amounts of Mn and V were present. This method allowed for a 99.9% Cr recovery rate. The obtained leaching residue shows no alterations of the SS slag's mineralogy with respect to untreated material. Therefore, a known carbonation treatment of the slag can be applied to prepare novel construction materials with a lowered Cr content. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000375507300059 |
Publication Date |
2016-03-22 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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|
Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
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Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:133632 |
Serial |
8302 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Ma, Z.; Perreault, P.; Pelegrin, D.C.; Boffito, D.C.; Patience, G.S. |
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Title |
Thermodynamically unconstrained forced concentration cycling of methane catalytic partial oxidation over CeO2FeCralloy catalysts |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Chemical Engineering Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
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Volume |
380 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
122470-11 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Converting waste associated natural gas from oil fields is uneconomic with current gas-to-liquid technology. Micro Gas-to-Liquids technology ( GtL) combines process intensification and numbering up economics to reduce capital costs to convert flared and vented natural gas to value-added synthetic fuel: Milli-second contact times in the catalytic partial oxidation of methane (CPOX) integrated with a tandem Fischer-Tropsch (FT) step meets the economic constraints together with remote process control. FeCralloy knitted fibres with high thermal conductivity and low pressure drop, resist thermal and mechanical stresses in the high pressure CPOX step. The FeCralloy catalysts are free of pre-reduction treatments. We deposited Pt and/or CeO2 over the fibre surface via solution combustion synthesis. Methane conversion was higher at ambient pressure compared to 2 MPa while the Pt/CeO2 FeCralloy was relatively inert from 0.1 MPa to 2 MPa. However, both catalysts demonstrated high activity in quasi-chemical looping partial oxidation of methane: during the reduction step while feeding methane, an on-line mass spectrometer only detected H2 while in the oxidation step it detected predominantly CO. Kinetic modeling of the oxidation-reduction cycles suggests that the reaction follows a direct mechanism to produce CO and H2 rather than an indirect mechanism that first produces CO2 and H2O followed by reforming. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
|
Publication Date |
2019-08-14 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record |
|
|
Impact Factor |
15.1 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: 15.1; 2020 IF: 6.216 |
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|
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:162119 |
Serial |
8665 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Chen, Y.; Wu, Y.; Wang, D.; Li, H.; Wang, Q.; Liu, Y.; Peng, L.; Yang, Q.; Li, X.; Zeng, G.; Chen, Y. |
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Title |
Understanding the mechanisms of how poly aluminium chloride inhibits short-chain fatty acids production from anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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|
Volume |
334 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
1351-1360 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Poly aluminum chloride (PAC) is accumulated in waste activated sludge at high levels. However, details of how PAC affects short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) production from anaerobic sludge fermentation has not been documented. This work therefore aims to fill this knowledge gap by analyzing the impact of PAC on the aggregate of sludge flocs, disruption of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and the bio-processes of hydrolysis, acid-ogenesis, and methanogenesis. The relationship between SCFA production and different aluminum species (i.e., Ala, Alb, and Alc) was also identified by controlling different OH/Al ratio and pH in different fermentation systems. Experimental results showed that with the increase of PAC addition from 0 to 40 mg Al per gram of total suspended solids, SCFA yield decreased from 212.2 to 138.4 mg COD/g volatile suspended solids. Mechanism exploration revealed that PAC benefited the aggregates of sludge flocs and caused more loosely-and tightly-bound extracellular polymeric substances remained in sludge cells. Besides, it was found that the hydrolysis, acidiogenesis, and methanogenesis processes were all inhibited by PAC. Although three types of Al species, i.e., Ala (Al monomers, dimer, and trimer), Alb (Al-13(AlO4Al12(OH)(24)(H2O) 7+ 12), and Alc (Al polymer molecular weight normally larger than 3000 Da), were co-existed in fermentation systems, their impacts on SCFA production were different. No correlation was found between SCFA and Ala, whereas SCFA production decreased with the contents of Alb and Alc. Compared with Alb, Alc was the major contributor to the decreased SCFA production ( R-2 = 0.5132 vs R-2 = 0.98). This is the first report revealing the underlying mechanism of how PAC affects SCFA production and identifying the contribution of different Al species to SCFA inhibition. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000418533400135 |
Publication Date |
2017-11-13 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
|
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ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
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|
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Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:148413 |
Serial |
8708 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Ag, K.R.; Minja, A.C.; Ninakanti, R.; Van Hal, M.; Dingenen, F.; Borah, R.; Verbruggen, S.W. |
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Title |
Impact of soot deposits on waste gas-to-electricity conversion in a TiO₂/WO₃-based photofuel cell |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
470 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
144390-13 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology |
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|
Abstract |
An unbiased photo-fuel cell (PFC) is a device that integrates the functions of a photoanode and a cathode to achieve simultaneous light-driven oxidation and dark reduction reactions. As such, it generates electricity while degrading pollutants like volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The photoanode is excited by light to generate electron-hole pairs, which give rise to a photocurrent, and are utilized to oxidise organic pollutants simultaneously. Here we have systematically studied various TiO2/WO3 photoanodes towards their photocatalytic soot degradation performance, PFC performance in the presence of VOCs, and the combination of both. The latter thus mimics an urban environment where VOCs and soot are present simultaneously. The formation of a type-II heterojunction after the addition of a thin TiO2 top layer over a dense WO3 bottom layer, improved both soot oxidation efficiency as well as photocurrent generation, thus paving the way towards low-cost PFC technology for energy recovery from real polluted air. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
|
Wos |
001030456200001 |
Publication Date |
2023-06-25 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record |
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Impact Factor |
15.1 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
Not_Open_Access: Available from 29.12.2023 |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 15.1; 2023 IF: 6.216 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:197222 |
Serial |
8882 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Zhang, K.; Wang, J.; Ninakanti, R.; Verbruggen, S.W. |
![goto web page url](http://nano.uantwerpen.be/nanorefs/img/www.gif)
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
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Title |
Solvothermal synthesis of mesoporous TiO2 with tunable surface area, crystal size and surface hydroxylation for efficient photocatalytic acetaldehyde degradation |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
474 |
Issue |
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Pages |
145188-14 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA) |
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Abstract |
Photocatalytic acetaldehyde degradation exhibits satisfactory performance only at relatively low acetaldehyde flow rates, predominately below 10 × 10-3 mL/min, leaving ample room for improvement. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare more efficient photocatalysts for acetaldehyde degradation. Moreover, the impact of the interaction strength between the titania surface and surface water on the photocatalytic acetaldehyde efficiency is poorly understood. To address these issues, in this work a series of (0 0 1)-faceted anatase titania samples with various surface properties and structures were synthesized via a solvothermal method and tested at high acetaldehyde flow rates under UV light irradiation. With increasing solvothermal time, the pore volume, surface area, and the abundance of surface OH groups all increased, while the crystallite size decreased. These were all identified to be beneficial to promote the degradation performance. When the solvothermal temperature was 180 ℃ and the reaction time was 5 h, the prepared sample displayed the most efficient performance at 19.25× 10-3 mL/min of acetaldehyde (conversion of (74 ± 1)% versus (29 ± 1)% for P25), and achieved a 100 % conversion at 16 × 10-3 mL/min. A weaker interaction strength between surface water and the titania surface was found to improve the acetaldehyde adsorption capacity, thereby promoting the acetaldehyde degradation efficiency. The stability of the best performing sample was tested over 48 h, demonstrating a highly stable performance with no signs of deactivation. Even at a relative humidity of 30 %, the acetaldehyde conversion retains 82% of its efficiency in a dry atmosphere, highlighting its potential in practical applications. |
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Wos |
001144928800001 |
Publication Date |
2023-08-05 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
15.1 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
Not_Open_Access: Available from 06.02.2024 |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 15.1; 2023 IF: 6.216 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:198652 |
Serial |
8933 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Vingerhoets, R.; Brienza, C.; Sigurnjak, I.; Buysse, J.; Vlaeminck, S.E.; Spiller, M.; Meers, E. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](http://nano.uantwerpen.be/nanorefs/img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Ammonia stripping and scrubbing followed by nitrification and denitrification saves costs for manure treatment based on a calibrated model approach |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
477 |
Issue |
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Pages |
146984-14 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Resource-efficient nitrogen management is of high environmental and economic interest, and manure represents the major nutrient flow in livestock-intensive regions. Ammonia stripping/scrubbing (SS) is an appealing nitrogen recovery route from manure, yet its real-life implementation has been limited thus far. In nutrient surplus regions like Flanders, treatment of the liquid fraction (LF) of (co–)digested manure typically consists of nitrification/denitrification (NDN) removing most N as nitrogen gas. Integrating SS before NDN in existing plants would expand treatment capacity and recover N while maintaining low N effluent values, yet cost estimations of this novel approach after process optimisation are not yet available. A programming model was developed and calibrated to minimise the treatment costs of this approach and find the balance between N recovery versus N removal. Four crucial operational parameters (CO2 stripping time, NH3 stripping time, temperature and NaOH addition) were optimised for 18 scenarios which were different in terms of technical set-up, influent characteristics and scrubber acid. The model shows that SS before NDN can decrease the costs by 1 to 56% under optimal conditions compared to treatment with NDN only, with 1 to 8% reduction for the LF of manure (22–29% recovered of N treated), and 11 to 56% reduction for the LF of co-digested manure (42–67% recovered of N treated), primarily dependent on resource pricing. This study shows the power of modelling for minimum-cost design and operation of manure treatment yielding savings while producing useful N recovery products with SS followed by NDN. |
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Wos |
001108935900001 |
Publication Date |
2023-10-28 |
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Series Editor ![sorted by Series Editor field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record |
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Impact Factor |
15.1 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 15.1; 2023 IF: 6.216 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:200649 |
Serial |
9003 |
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Permanent link to this record |