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	Author	Van Aert, S.; Chang, L.Y.; Bals, S.; Kirkland, A.I.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	Effect of amorphous layers on the interpretation of restored exit waves			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Ultramicroscopy	Abbreviated Journal	Ultramicroscopy
	Volume	109	Issue	3	Pages	237-246
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The effects of amorphous layers on the quality of exit wave restorations have been investigated. Two independently developed software implementations for exit wave restoration have been used to simulated focal series of images of SrTiO3 with amorphous carbon layers incorporated. The restored exit waves have been compared both qualitatively and quantitatively. We have shown that amorphous layers have a strong impact on the quantitative measurements of atomic column positions, however, the error in the position measurements is still in the picometer range.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000264280200005	Publication Date	2008-11-15
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0304-3991;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.843	Times cited	10	Open Access
	Notes	Fwo; Esteem 026019			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.843; 2009 IF: 2.067
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:76421			Serial	796
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Salluzzo, M.; Aruta, C.; Maggio-Aprile, I.; Fischer, Ø.; Bals, S.; Zegenhagen, J.
	Title	Growth of R_1+xBa_2-xCu₃O_7-\delta epitaxial films investigated by in situ scanning tunneling microscopy			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2001	Publication	Physica status solidi: A: applied research	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Status Solidi A
	Volume	186	Issue	3	Pages	339-364
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The problem of the epitaxial growth of the high temperature superconducting R1+xBa2xCu3O7δ (R = Y or rare earth except Ce and Tb) films has been addressed. Using in situ ultra high vacuum Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (UHV-STM) we have studied the role of cationic substitution and substrate mismatch on the growth mode of stoichiometric and Nd-rich Nd1+xBa2xCu3O7δ thin films. The results are compared to the growth of Y1Ba2Cu3O7δ, Dy1Ba2Cu3O7δ and Gd1Ba2Cu3O7δ epitaxial films. Two main phenomena are investigated: a) the first stage of the direct nucleation on the substrate and b) the crossover between 2D and 3D growth upon increasing the film thickness. At the first stage of the growth, pseudo-cubic perovskite (Re,Ba)CuO3 nuclei are formed. While they disappear after the growth of a few nm in stoichiometric films, they persist on the surface of Nd-rich films of up to 110 nm thickness. Stoichiometric R1+xBa2xCu3O7δ films exhibit a rough morphology with increasing thickness due to island growth mode, whereas Nd-rich films remain smooth and continue to grow layer by layer. It is proposed that linear defects (like anti-phase boundaries), which are formed due to the misalignment of growth fronts, are the source of screw dislocations in stoichiometric films. In Nd-rich films, linear defects are eliminated through the insertion of (Nd,Ba)CuO3 extra layers without introduction of any screw dislocations.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Berlin	Editor
	Language		Wos	000170844500002	Publication Date	2004-11-24
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0031-8965;1521-396X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited	17	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:87587			Serial	1398
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	Author	Bals, S.; Van Aert, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	High resolution electron tomography			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Current opinion in solid state and materials science	Abbreviated Journal	Curr Opin Solid St M
	Volume	17	Issue	3	Pages	107-114
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Reaching atomic resolution in 3D has been the ultimate goal in the field of electron tomography for many years. Significant progress, both on the theoretical as well as the experimental side has recently resulted in several exciting examples demonstrating the ability to visualise atoms in 3D. In this paper, we will review the different steps that have pushed the resolution in 3D to the atomic level. A broad range of methodologies and practical examples together with their impact on materials science will be discussed. Finally, we will provide an outlook and will describe future challenges in the field of high resolution electron tomography.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	000323869800003	Publication Date	2013-03-30
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1359-0286;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.938	Times cited	24	Open Access
	Notes	Fwo; 312483 Esteem; Countatoms;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.938; 2013 IF: 7.167
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:109454			Serial	1457
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	Author	Van Aert, S.; De Backer, A.; Martinez, G.T.; den Dekker, A.J.; Van Dyck, D.; Bals, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	Advanced electron crystallography through model-based imaging			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	IUCrJ	Abbreviated Journal	Iucrj
	Volume	3	Issue	3	Pages	71-83
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab; Engineering Management (ENM)
	Abstract	The increasing need for precise determination of the atomic arrangement of non-periodic structures in materials design and the control of nanostructures explains the growing interest in quantitative transmission electron microscopy. The aim is to extract precise and accurate numbers for unknown structure parameters including atomic positions, chemical concentrations and atomic numbers. For this purpose, statistical parameter estimation theory has been shown to provide reliable results. In this theory, observations are considered purely as data planes, from which structure parameters have to be determined using a parametric model describing the images. As such, the positions of atom columns can be measured with a precision of the order of a few picometres, even though the resolution of the electron microscope is still one or two orders of magnitude larger. Moreover, small differences in average atomic number, which cannot be distinguished visually, can be quantified using high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy images. In addition, this theory allows one to measure compositional changes at interfaces, to count atoms with single-atom sensitivity, and to reconstruct atomic structures in three dimensions. This feature article brings the reader up to date, summarizing the underlying theory and highlighting some of the recent applications of quantitative model-based transmisson electron microscopy.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000368590900010	Publication Date	2015-11-13
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2052-2525;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	5.793	Times cited	30	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	The authors gratefully acknowledge the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) for funding and for a PhD grant to ADB. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union 7th Framework Program (FP7/20072013) under grant agreement No. 312483 (ESTEEM2). SB and GVT acknowledge the European Research Council under the 7th Framework Program (FP7), ERC grant No. 335078 – COLOURATOMS and ERC grant No. 246791 – COUNTATOMS.; esteem2jra2; ECASSara; (ROMEO:green; preprint:; postprint:can ; pdfversion:can);			Approved	Most recent IF: 5.793
	Call Number	c:irua:129589 c:irua:129589			Serial	3965
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	Author	Ustarroz, J.; Ke, X.; Hubin, A.; Bals, S.; Terryn, H.
	Title	New insights into the early stages of nanoparticle electrodeposition			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2012	Publication	The journal of physical chemistry: C : nanomaterials and interfaces	Abbreviated Journal	J Phys Chem C
	Volume	116	Issue	3	Pages	2322-2329
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Electrodeposition is an increasingly important method to synthesize supported nanoparticles, yet the early stages of electrochemical nanoparticle formation are not perfectly understood. In this paper, the early stages of silver nanoparticle electrodeposition on carbon substrates have been studied by aberration-corrected TEM, using carbon-coated TEM grids as electrochemical electrodes. In this manner we have access to as-deposited nanoparticle size distribution and structural characterization at the atomic scale combined with electrochemical measurements, which represents a breakthrough in a full understanding of the nanoparticle electrodeposition mechanisms. Whereas classical models, based upon characterization at the nanoscale, assume that electrochemical growth is only driven by direct attachment, the results reported hereafter indicate that early nanoparticle growth is mostly driven by nanocluster surface movement and aggregation. Hence, we conclude that electrochemical nulceation and growth models should be revised and that an electrochemical aggregative growth mechanism should be considered in the early stages of nanoparticle electrodeposition.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Washington, D.C.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000299584400037	Publication Date	2011-12-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1932-7447;1932-7455;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	4.536	Times cited	104	Open Access
	Notes	Fwo			Approved	Most recent IF: 4.536; 2012 IF: 4.814
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:96225			Serial	2316
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	Author	Deng, S.; Kurttepeli, M.; Cott, D.J.; Bals, S.; Detavernier, C.
	Title	Porous nanostructured metal oxides synthesized through atomic layer deposition on a carbonaceous template followed by calcination			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Journal of materials chemistry A : materials for energy and sustainability	Abbreviated Journal	J Mater Chem A
	Volume	3	Issue	3	Pages	2642-2649
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Porous metal oxides with nano-sized features attracted intensive interest in recent decades due to their high surface area which is essential for many applications, e.g. Li ion batteries, photocatalysts, fuel cells and dye-sensitized solar cells. Various approaches have so far been investigated to synthesize porous nanostructured metal oxides, including self-assembly and template-assisted synthesis. For the latter approach, forests of carbon nanotubes are considered as particularly promising templates, with respect to their one-dimensional nature and the resulting high surface area. In this work, we systematically investigate the formation of porous metal oxides (Al2O3, TiO2, V2O5 and ZnO) with different morphologies using atomic layer deposition on multi-walled carbon nanotubes followed by post-deposition calcination. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy accompanied by X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used for the investigation of morphological and structural transitions at the micro- and nano-scale during the calcination process. The crystallization temperature and the surface coverage of the metal oxides and the oxidation temperature of the carbon nanotubes were found to produce significant influence on the final morphology.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Cambridge	Editor
	Language		Wos	000348990500019	Publication Date	2014-12-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2050-7488;2050-7496;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.867	Times cited	23	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	Fwo; 239865 Cocoon; 335078 Colouratoms; ECAS_Sara; (ROMEO:yellow; preprint:; postprint:restricted ; pdfversion:cannot);			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.867; 2015 IF: 7.443
	Call Number	c:irua:125298			Serial	2673
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	Author	Montoya, E.; Bals, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	Redeposition and differential sputtering of La in transmission electron microscopy samples of LaAIO₃/SrTiO₃ multilayers prepared by focused ion beam			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2008	Publication	Journal of microscopy	Abbreviated Journal	J Microsc-Oxford
	Volume	231	Issue	3	Pages	359-363
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000259611000001	Publication Date	2008-08-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-2720;1365-2818;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	1.692	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	The authors are grateful to M. Huijben and G. Rijnders of the MESA+ group at the University of Twente (NI) for the growth of the multilayers. This work has been performed under the Interuniversity Attraction Poles programme – Belgian State Belgian Science Policy. The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Union under the framework 6 program under a contract for an Integrated Infrastructure initiative. Part of this work was performed with financial support from the European Union under the framework 6 programme, under a contract for an Integrated Infrastructure Initiative (Reference No. 02601.9 ESTEEM).			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.692; 2008 IF: 1.409
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:76522			Serial	2849
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	Author	Wang, H.; Cuppens, J.; Biermans, E.; Bals, S.; Fernandez-Ballester, L.; Kvashnina, K.O.; Bras, W.; van Bael, M.J.; Temst, K.; Vantomme, A.
	Title	Tuning of the size and the lattice parameter of ion-beam synthesized Pb nanoparticles embedded in Si			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2012	Publication	Journal of physics: D: applied physics	Abbreviated Journal	J Phys D Appl Phys
	Volume	45	Issue	3	Pages	035301-035301,7
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The size and lattice constant evolution of Pb nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized by high fluence implantation in crystalline Si have been studied with a variety of experimental techniques. Results obtained from small-angle x-ray scattering showed that the Pb NPs grow with increasing implantation fluence and annealing duration. The theory of NP growth kinetics can be applied to qualitatively explain the size evolution of the Pb NPs during the implantation and annealing processes. Moreover, the lattice constant of the Pb NPs was evaluated by conventional x-ray diffraction. The lattice dilatation was observed to decrease with increasing size of the Pb NPs. Such lattice constant tuning can be attributed to the pseudomorphism caused by the lattice mismatch between the Pb NPs and the Si matrix.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	000299308400008	Publication Date	2011-12-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-3727;1361-6463;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.588	Times cited	5	Open Access
	Notes	Fwo; Iap			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.588; 2012 IF: 2.528
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:94208			Serial	3754
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	Author	Debroye, E.; Yuan, H.; Bladt, E.; Baekelant, W.; Van der Auweraer, M.; Hofkens, J.; Bals, S.; Roeffaers, M.B.J.
	Title	Facile morphology-controlled synthesis of organolead iodide perovskite nanocrystals using binary capping agents			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	ChemNanoMat : chemistry of nanomaterials for energy, biology and more	Abbreviated Journal	Chemnanomat
	Volume	3	Issue	3	Pages	223-227
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Controlling the morphology of organolead halide perovskite crystals is crucial to a fundamental understanding of the materials and to tune their properties for device applications. Here, we report a facile solution-based method for morphology-controlled synthesis of rod-like and plate-like organolead halide perovskite nanocrystals using binary capping agents. The morphology control is likely due to an interplay between surface binding kinetics of the two capping agents at different crystal facets. By high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy, we show that the obtained nanocrystals are monocrystalline. Moreover, long photoluminescence decay times of the nanocrystals indicate long charge diffusion lengths and low trap/defect densities. Our results pave the way for large-scale solution synthesis of organolead halide perovskite nanocrystals with controlled morphology for future device applications.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000399604300003	Publication Date	2017-01-18
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2199-692x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.937	Times cited	19	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	; We acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO, grant G.0197.11, G.0962.13, G0B39.15, postdoctoral fellowship to E. D. and H. Y.), KU Leuven Research Fund (C14/15/053), the Flemish government through long term structural funding Methusalem (CASAS2, Meth/15/04), the Hercules foundation (HER/11/14), the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (IAP-PH05), the EC through the Marie Curie ITN project iSwitch (GA-642196) and the ERC project LIGHT (GA307523). S. B. acknowledges financial support from European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant # 335078-COLOURATOMS). E. B. gratefully acknowledges financial support by the Flemish Fund for Scientific Research (FWO Vlaanderen). ; ecas_Sara			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.937
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:143678UA @ admin @ c:irua:143678			Serial	4656
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	Author	Berthold, T.; Castro, C.R.; Winter, M.; Hoerpel, G.; Kurttepeli, M.; Bals, S.; Antonietti, M.; Fechler, N.
	Title	Tunable nitrogen-doped carbon nanoparticles from tannic acid and urea and their potential for sustainable soots			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	ChemNanoMat : chemistry of nanomaterials for energy, biology and more	Abbreviated Journal	Chemnanomat
	Volume	3	Issue	3	Pages	311-318
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Nano-sized nitrogen-doped carbon spheres are synthesized from two cheap, readily available and sustainable precursors: tannic acid and urea. In combination with a polymer structuring agent, nitrogen content, sphere size and the surface (up to 400 m(2)g(-1)) can be conveniently tuned by the precursor ratio, temperature and structuring agent content. Because the chosen precursors allow simple oven synthesis and avoid harsh conditions, this carbon nanosphere platform offers a more sustainable alternative to classical soots, for example, as printing pigments or conduction soots. The carbon spheres are demonstrated to be a promising as conductive carbon additive in anode materials for lithium ion batteries.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000403299200006	Publication Date	2017-03-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2199-692x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.937	Times cited	14	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	; S.B. is grateful for funding by the European Research Council (ERC starting grant # 335078-COLOURATOMS). ; ecas_Sara			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.937
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:144287UA @ admin @ c:irua:144287			Serial	4699
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	Author	van den Bos, K.H.W.; Altantzis, T.; De Backer, A.; Van Aert, S.; Bals, S.
	Title	Recent breakthroughs in scanning transmission electron microscopy of small species			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Advances in Physics: X	Abbreviated Journal	Advances in Physics: X
	Volume	3	Issue	3	Pages	1480420
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Over the last decade, scanning transmission electron microscopy has become one of the most powerful tools to characterise nanomaterials at the atomic scale. Often, the ultimate goal is to retrieve the three-dimensional structure, which is very challenging since small species are typically sensitive to electron irradiation. Nevertheless, measuring individual atomic positions is crucial to understand the relation between the structure and physicochemical properties of these (nano)materials. In this review, we highlight the latest approaches that are available to reveal the 3D atomic structure of small species. Finally, we will provide an outlook and will describe future challenges where the limits of electron microscopy will be pushed even further.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000441619500001	Publication Date	2018-08-13
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2374-6149	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited	8	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	This work was supported by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) under Grant G.0368.15N, G.0369.15N, and G.0267.18N, by personal FWO Grants to K. H. W. van den Bos, T. Altantzis, and A. De Backer, and the European Research Council under Grant 335078 COLOURATOM to S. Bals. The authors would like to thank the colleagues who have contributed to this work over the years, including A. M. Abakumov, K. J. Batenburg, E. Countiño-Gonzalez, C. de Mello Donega, R. Erni, J. J. Geuchies, B. Goris, J. Hofkens, L. Jones, P. Lievens, L. M. Liz-Marzán, I. Lobato, G. T. Martinez, P. D. Nellist, B. Partoens, M. B. J. Roeffaers, M.D. Rossell, B. Schoeters, M. J. Van Bael, W. van der Stam, M. van Huis, G. Van Tendeloo, D. Vanmaekelbergh, and N. Winckelmans. (ROMEO:green; preprint:; postprint:can ; pdfversion:can); saraecas; ECAS_Sara;			Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:152820UA @ admin @ c:irua:152820			Serial	5007
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	Author	Imran, M.; Peng, L.; Pianetti, A.; Pinchetti, V.; Ramade, J.; Zito, J.; Di Stasio, F.; Buha, J.; Toso, S.; Song, J.; Infante, I.; Bals, S.; Brovelli, S.; Manna, L.
	Title	Halide perovskite-lead chalcohalide nanocrystal heterostructures			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2021	Publication	Journal Of The American Chemical Society	Abbreviated Journal	J Am Chem Soc
	Volume	143	Issue	3	Pages	1435-1446
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	We report the synthesis of colloidal CsPbX3-Pb4S3Br2 (X = Cl, Br, I) nanocrystal heterostructures, providing an example of a sharp and atomically resolved epitaxial interface between a metal halide perovskite and a non-perovskite lattice. The CsPbBr3-Pb4S3Br2 nanocrystals are prepared by a two-step direct synthesis using preformed subnanometer CsPbBr3 clusters. Density functional theory calculations indicate the creation of a quasi-type II alignment at the heterointerface as well as the formation of localized trap states, promoting ultrafast separation of photogenerated excitons and carrier trapping, as confirmed by spectroscopic experiments. Postsynthesis reaction with either Cl- or I- ions delivers the corresponding CsPbCI3-Pb4S3Br2 and CsPbI3-Pb4S3Br2 heterostructures, thus enabling anion exchange only in the perovskite domain. An increased structural rigidity is conferred to the perovskite lattice when it is interfaced with the chalcohalide lattice. This is attested by the improved stability of the metastable gamma phase (or “black” phase) of CsPbI3 in the CsPbI3-Pb4S3Br2 heterostructure.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000614064400024	Publication Date	2021-01-15
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0002-7863	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	13.858	Times cited	54	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	This work was performed on the Dutch national e-infrastructure with the support of SURF Cooperative. L.P. and J.S. are thankful for the support by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC0910600) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61775145). F.D.S. and S.B. acknowledge support by the European Research Council via the ERC-StG “NANOLED” (851794) and the ERC-Cog “REALNANO” (815128). The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Commission under the Horizon 2020 Programme through Grant Agreement No. 731019 (EUSMI). S.B., A.P., and V.P. gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Italian Ministry of University and Research (MIUR) through grant “Dipartimenti di Eccellenza2017 Materials For Energy”.; sygma			Approved	Most recent IF: 13.858
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:176584			Serial	6726
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	Author	Salzmann, B.B.V.; Wit, J. de; Li, C.; Arenas-Esteban, D.; Bals, S.; Meijerink, A.; Vanmaekelbergh, D.
	Title	Two-Dimensional CdSe-PbSe Heterostructures and PbSe Nanoplatelets: Formation, Atomic Structure, and Optical Properties			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	The journal of physical chemistry: C : nanomaterials and interfaces	Abbreviated Journal	J Phys Chem C
	Volume	126	Issue	3	Pages	1513-1522
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000744909200001	Publication Date	2022-01-27
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1932-7447	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.7	Times cited	12	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	H. Meeldijk is kindly acknowledged for helping with electron microscopy at Utrecht University. T. Prins is kindly acknowledged for useful discussions. B.B.V.S. and D.V. acknowledge the Dutch NWO for financial support via the TOP-ECHO Grant No. 715.016.002. D.V. acknowledges financial support from the European ERC Council, ERC Advanced Grant 692691 “First Step”. J.W. and A.M. acknowledge financial support from the project CHEMIE.PGT.2019.004 of TKI/ Topsector Chemie, which is partly financed by the Dutch NWO. S.B, C.L., and D.A.E. acknowledge financial support from the European ERC Council, ERC Consolidator Grant realnano No. 815128. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant No. 731019 (EUSMI). sygmaSB			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.7
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:185454			Serial	6953
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	Author	Choo, P.; Arenas-Esteban, D.; Jung, I.; Chang, W.J.; Weiss, E.A.; Bals, S.; Odom, T.W.
	Title	Investigating Reaction Intermediates during the Seedless Growth of Gold Nanostars Using Electron Tomography			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	ACS nano	Abbreviated Journal	Acs Nano
	Volume	16	Issue	3	Pages	4408-4414
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Good’s buffers can act both as nucleating and shape- directing agents during the synthesis of anisotropic gold nanostars (AuNS). Although different Good’s buffers can produce AuNS shapes with branches that are oriented along specific crystallographic directions, the mechanism is not fully understood. This paper reports how an analysis of the intermediate structures during AuNS synthesis from HEPES, EPPS, and MOPS Good’s buffers can provide insight into the formation of seedless AuNS. Electron tomography of AuNS structures quenched at early times (minutes) was used to characterize the morphology of the incipient seeds, and later times were used to construct the growth maps. Through this approach, we identified how the crystallinity and shape of the first structures synthesized with different Good’s buffers determine the final AuNS morphologies.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000780214300084	Publication Date	2022-03-22
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1936-0851	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	17.1	Times cited	12	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under award NSF CHE-1808502 (P.C. and I.J.). This work made use of the EPIC facility of Northwestern University’s NUANCE Center, which has received support from the SHyNE Resource (NSF ECCS-2025633), the IIN, and Northwestern’s MRSEC program (NSF DMR-1720139). D.A E. and S.B. acknowledge funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (ERC Consolidator Grants No. 815128 REALNANO and Grant Agreement No. 731019 EUSMI).; sygmaSB			Approved	Most recent IF: 17.1
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:187930			Serial	7055
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	Author	Skorikov, A.; Batenburg, K.J.; Bals, S.
	Title	Analysis of 3D elemental distribution in nanomaterials : towards higher throughput and dose efficiency			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	Journal of microscopy	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	289	Issue	3	Pages	157-163
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Many advanced nanomaterials rely on carefully designed morphology and elemental distribution to achieve their functionalities. Among the few experimental techniques that can directly visualise the 3D elemental distribution on the nanoscale are approaches based on electron tomography in combination with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Unfortunately, these highly informative methods are severely limited by the fundamentally low signal-to-noise ratio, which makes long experimental times and high electron irradiation doses necessary to obtain reliable 3D reconstructions. Addressing these limitations has been the major research question for the development of these techniques in recent years. This short review outlines the latest progress on the methods to reduce experimental time and electron irradiation dose requirements for 3D elemental distribution analysis and gives an outlook on the development of this field in the near future.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000910532600001	Publication Date	2022-12-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-2720	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2	Times cited	2	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	ERC Consolidator Grant, Grant/Award Number: 815128			Approved	Most recent IF: 2; 2023 IF: 1.692
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:193428			Serial	7281
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	Author	Beyers, E.; Biermans, E.; Ribbens, S.; de Witte, K.; Mertens, M.; Meynen, V.; Bals, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Vansant, E.F.; Cool, P.
	Title	Combined TiO₂/SiO₂ mesoporous photocatalysts with location and phase controllable TiO₂ nanoparticles			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Applied catalysis : B : environmental	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Catal B-Environ
	Volume	88	Issue	3/4	Pages	515-524
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA)
	Abstract	Combined TiO2/SiO2 mesoporous materials were prepared by deposition of TiO2 nanoparticles synthesised via the acid-catalysed solgel method. In the first synthesis step a titania solution is prepared, by dissolving titaniumtetraisopropoxide in nitric acid. The influences of the initial titaniumtetraisopropoxide concentration and the temperature of dissolving on the final structural properties were investigated. In the second step of the synthesis, the titania nanoparticles were deposited on a silica support. Here, the influence of the temperature during deposition was studied. The depositions were carried out on two different mesoporous silica supports, SBA-15 and MCF, leading to substantial differences in the catalytic and structural properties. The samples were analysed with N2-sorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to obtain structural information, determining the amount of titania, the crystal phase and the location of the titania particles on the mesoporous material (inside or outside the mesoporous channels). The structural differences of the support strongly determine the location of the nanoparticles and the subsequent photocatalytic activity towards the degradation of rhodamine 6G in aqueous solution under UV irradiation.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000266513400032	Publication Date	2008-10-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0926-3373;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	9.446	Times cited	69	Open Access
	Notes	Goa-Bof; Fwo			Approved	Most recent IF: 9.446; 2009 IF: 5.252
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:77150			Serial	403
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	Author	Bals, S.; Kilaas, R.; Kisielowski, C.
	Title	Nonlinear imaging using annular dark field TEM			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2005	Publication	Ultramicroscopy	Abbreviated Journal	Ultramicroscopy
	Volume	104	Issue	3/4	Pages	281-289
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Annular dark field TEM images exhibit a dominant mass-thickness contrast that can be quantified to extract single atom scattering cross sections. On top of this incoherent background, additional lattice fringes appear with a nonlinear information limit of 1.2 angstrom at 150 kV. The formation of these fringes is described by coherent nonlinear imaging theory and good agreement is found between experimental and simulated images. Calculations furthermore predict that the use of aberration corrected microscopes will improve the image quality dramatically. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000231297100012	Publication Date	2005-06-16
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0304-3991;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.843	Times cited	15	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.843; 2005 IF: 2.490
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:64685			Serial	2352
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	Author	Bals, S.; Rijnders, G.; Blank, D.H.A.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	TEM of ultra-thin DyBa₂Cu₃O_7-x films deposited on TiO₂ terminated SrTiO₃			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2001	Publication	Physica: C : superconductivity	Abbreviated Journal	Physica C
	Volume	355	Issue	3/4	Pages	225-230
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Using pulsed laser deposition ultra-thin DyBa2Cu3O7-x films were deposited on a single terminated (0 0 1) SrTiOr(3) substrate. The initial growth was studied by high-resolution electron microscopy. Two different types of interface arrangements occur and were determined as: bulk-SrO-TiO2-BaO-CuO-BaO-CuO2-Dy-CuO2-BaO bulk and bulk-SrO-TiO2-BaO-CuO2-Dy-CuO2-BaO-CuO-BaO-bulk This variable growth sequence causes structural shifts, resulting in antiphase boundaries with displacement vector R = [0 0 1/3]. as well as local chemical variations. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000169479500006	Publication Date	2002-07-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0921-4534;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.404	Times cited	26	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.404; 2001 IF: 0.806
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:54793			Serial	3484
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	Author	Gottschalck Andersen, L.; Bals, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Poulsen, H.F.; Liu, Y.L.
	Title	Transmission electron microscopy investigation of Bi-2223/Ag tapes			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2001	Publication	Physica: C : superconductivity	Abbreviated Journal	Physica C
	Volume	353	Issue	3/4	Pages	251-257
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The microstructure of (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox (Bi-2223) tapes has been investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM. The emphasis has been placed on: (1) an examination of the grain morphology and size, (2) grain and colony boundary angles, which are formed during the tape processing, (3) a study of the grain boundaries on an atomic scale, including intergrowth investigations. Tapes with different process parameters have been compared with respect to the microstructure. A fully processed tape has on the average 50% thicker Bi-2223 grains than a tape after the first annealing. The angles of c-axis tilt grain boundaries are on average 14° and 26° for the fully processed tape and the tape after the first annealing, respectively. The intergrowth content (15%) and distribution are similar in these two tapes.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000168861100012	Publication Date	2002-07-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0921-4534;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.404	Times cited	13	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.404; 2001 IF: 0.806
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:87591			Serial	3708
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	Author	Breynaert, E.; Emmerich, J.; Mustafa, D.; Bajpe, S.R.; Altantzis, T.; Van Havenbergh, K.; Taulelle, F.; Bals, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Kirschhock, C.E.A.; Martens, J.A.;
	Title	Enhanced self-assembly of metal oxides and metal-organic frameworks from precursors with magnetohydrodynamically induced long-lived collective spin states			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	Advanced materials	Abbreviated Journal	Adv Mater
	Volume	26	Issue	30	Pages	5173-5178
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Magneto-hydrodynamic generation of long-lived collective spin states and their impact on crystal morphology is demonstrated for three different, technologically relevant materials: COK-16 metal organic framework, manganese oxide nanotubes, and vanadium oxide nano-scrolls.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Weinheim	Editor
	Language		Wos	000340546300015	Publication Date	2014-06-02
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0935-9648;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	19.791	Times cited	7	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	IAP-PAI; Marie Curie IEF; 262348 ESMI; 335078 COLOURATOM; 246791 COUNTATOMS; IWT; Methusalem; FWO; ECAS_Sara; (ROMEO:yellow; preprint:; postprint:restricted ; pdfversion:cannot);			Approved	Most recent IF: 19.791; 2014 IF: 17.493
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:118827			Serial	1053
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	Author	Mooij, L.; Perkisas, T.; Palsson, G.; Schreuders, H.; Wolff, M.; Hjorvarsson, B.; Bals, S.; Dam, B.
	Title	The effect of microstructure on the hydrogenation of Mg/Fe thin film multilayers			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	International journal of hydrogen energy	Abbreviated Journal	Int J Hydrogen Energ
	Volume	39	Issue	30	Pages	17092-17103
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Nanoconfined magnesium hydride can be simultaneously protected and thermodynamically destabilized when interfaced with materials such as Ti and Fe. We study the hydrogenation of thin layers of Mg (<14 nm) nanoconfined in one dimension within thin film Fe/Mg/Fe/Pd multilayers by the optical technique Hydrogenography. The hydrogenation of nanosized magnesium layers in Fe/Mg/Fe multilayers surprisingly shows the presence of multiple plateau pressures, whose nature is thickness dependent. In contrast, hydrogen desorption occurs via a single plateau which does not depend on the Mg layer thickness. From structural and morphological analyses with X-ray diffraction/reflectometry and cross-section TEM, we find that the Mg layer roughness is large when deposited on Fe and furthermore contains high-angle grain boundaries (GB's). When grown on Ti, the Mg layer roughness is low and no high-angle GB's are detected. From a Ti/Mg/Fe multilayer, in which the Mg layer is flat and has little or no GB's, we conclude that MgH2 is indeed destabilized by the interface with Fe. In this case, both the ab- and desorption plateau pressures are increased by a factor two compared to the hydrogenation of Mg within Ti/Mg/Ti multilayers. We hypothesize that the GB's in the Fe/Mg/Fe multilayer act as diffusion pathways for Pd, which is known to greatly alter the hydrogenation behavior of Mg when the two materials share an interface. Copyright (C) 2014, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000343839000031	Publication Date	2014-09-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0360-3199;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.582	Times cited	15	Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes	COST Action MP1103			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.582; 2014 IF: 3.313
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:121175			Serial	3575
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	Author	Yuan, H.; Debroye, E.; Bladt, E.; Lu, G.; Keshavarz, M.; Janssen, K.P.F.; Roeffaers, M.B.J.; Bals, S.; Sargent, E.H.; Hofkens, J.
	Title	Imaging heterogeneously distributed photo-active traps in perovskite single crystals			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Advanced materials	Abbreviated Journal	Adv Mater
	Volume	30	Issue	30	Pages	1705494
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Organic-inorganic halide perovskites (OIHPs) have demonstrated outstanding energy conversion efficiency in solar cells and light-emitting devices. In spite of intensive developments in both materials and devices, electronic traps and defects that significantly affect their device properties remain under-investigated. Particularly, it remains challenging to identify and to resolve traps individually at the nanoscopic scale. Here, photo-active traps (PATs) are mapped over OIHP nanocrystal morphology of different crystallinity by means of correlative optical differential super-resolution localization microscopy (Delta-SRLM) and electron microscopy. Stochastic and monolithic photoluminescence intermittency due to individual PATs is observed on monocrystalline and polycrystalline OIHP nanocrystals. Delta-SRLM reveals a heterogeneous PAT distribution across nanocrystals and determines the PAT density to be 1.3 x 10(14) and 8 x 10(13) cm(-3) for polycrystalline and for monocrystalline nanocrystals, respectively. The higher PAT density in polycrystalline nanocrystals is likely related to an increased defect density. Moreover, monocrystalline nanocrystals that are prepared in an oxygen and moisture-free environment show a similar PAT density as that prepared at ambient conditions, excluding oxygen or moisture as chief causes of PATs. Hence, it is conduded that the PATs come from inherent structural defects in the material, which suggests that the PAT density can be reduced by improving crystalline quality of the material.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Weinheim	Editor
	Language		Wos	000428793600009	Publication Date	2018-02-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0935-9648	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	19.791	Times cited	29	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	; The authors acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO, grant G.0197.11, G.0962.13, G0B39.15, ZW1509 GOH6316N, postdoctoral fellowships to H.Y., E.D., and K.P.F.J., doctoral fellowship to E.B.), KU Leuven Research Fund (C14/15/053), the Flemish government through long term structural funding Methusalem (CASAS2, Meth/15/04), the Hercules foundation (HER/11/14), the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (IAP-PH05), the EC through the Marie Curie ITN project iSwitch (GA-642196), and the ERC project LIGHT (GA-307523). S.B. acknowledges financial support from European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant #335078-COLOURATOMS). G.L. acknowledges Key University Science Research Project of Jiangsu Province (No. 17KJA150005). E.H.S. acknowledges support from the Ontario Research Fund – Research Excellence Program. ; ecassara			Approved	Most recent IF: 19.791
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:150826UA @ admin @ c:irua:150826			Serial	4970
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	Author	Berends, A.C.; van der Stam, W.; Hofmann, J.P.; Bladt, E.; Meeldijk, J.D.; Bals, S.; de Donega, C.M.
	Title	Interplay between surface chemistry, precursor reactivity, and temperature determines outcome of ZnS shelling reactions on CuInS₂ nanocrystals			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Chemistry of materials	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Mater
	Volume	30	Issue	30	Pages	2400-2413
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	ZnS shelling of I-III-VI(2 )nanocrystals (NCs) invariably leads to blue-shifts in both the absorption and photoluminescence spectra. These observations imply that the outcome of ZnS shelling reactions on I-III-VI2 colloidal NCs results from a complex interplay between several processes taking place in solution, at the surface of, and within the seed NC. However, a fundamental understanding of the factors determining the balance between these different processes is still lacking. In this work, we address this need by investigating the impact of precursor reactivity, reaction temperature, and surface chemistry (due to the washing procedure) on the outcome of ZnS shelling reactions on CuInS2 NCs using a seeded growth approach. We demonstrate that low reaction temperatures (150 degrees C) favor etching, cation exchange, and alloying regardless of the precursors used. Heteroepitaxial shell overgrowth becomes the dominant process only if reactive S- and Zn-precursors (S-ODE/OLAM and ZnI2 ) and high reaction temperatures (210 degrees C) are used, although a certain degree of heterointerfacial alloying still occurs. Remarkably, the presence of residual acetate at the surface of CIS seed NCs washed with ethanol is shown to facilitate heteroepitaxial shell overgrowth, yielding for the first time CIS/ZnS core/shell NCs displaying red-shifted absorption spectra, in agreement with the spectral shifts expected for a type-I band alignment. The insights provided by this work pave the way toward the design of improved synthesis strategies to CIS/ZnS core/shell and alloy NCs with tailored elemental distribution profiles, allowing precise tuning of the optoelectronic properties of the resulting materials.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Chemical Society	Place of Publication	Washington, D.C	Editor
	Language		Wos	000430023700027	Publication Date	2018-03-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0897-4756	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	9.466	Times cited	85	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	; Annelies van der Bok is gratefully acknowledged for performing the ICP measurements. A.C.B. and C.d.M.D. acknowledge financial support from the division of Chemical Sciences (CW) of The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) under Grant No. ECHO.712.014.001. S.B. and E.B. acknowledge financial support from European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant No. 335078-COLOURATOMS). ; Ecas_Sara			Approved	Most recent IF: 9.466
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:150772UA @ admin @ c:irua:150772			Serial	4972
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	Author	Peters, J.L.; Altantzis, T.; Lobato, I.; Jazi, M.A.; van Overbeek, C.; Bals, S.; Vanmaekelbergh, D.; Sinai, S.B.
	Title	Mono- and Multilayer Silicene-Type Honeycomb Lattices by Oriented Attachment of PbSe Nanocrystals: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Analysis of the Disorder			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Chemistry of materials	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Mater
	Volume	30	Issue	30	Pages	4831-4837
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Nanocrystal (NC) solids are commonly prepared from nonpolar organic NC suspensions. In many cases, the capping on the NC surface is preserved and forms a barrier between the NCs. More recently, superstructures with crystalline connections between the NCs, implying the removal of the capping, have been reported, too. Here, we present large-scale uniform superstructures of attached PbSe NCs with a silicene-type honeycomb geometry, resulting from solvent evaporation under nearly reversible conditions. We also prepared multilayered silicene honeycomb structures by using larger amounts of PbSe NCs. We show that the two-dimensional silicene superstructures can be seen as a crystallographic slice from a 3-D simple cubic structure. We describe the disorder in the silicene lattices in terms of the nanocrystals position and their atomic alignment. The silicene honeycomb sheets are large enough to be used in transistors and optoelectronic devices.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000440105500042	Publication Date	2018-07-24
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0897-4756	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	9.466	Times cited	33	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	The authors acknowledge funding from the European Commission (Grant EUSMI 731019). S.B. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (Grant 335078 COLOURATOM). T.A. acknowledges a postdoctoral grant from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO). The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Commission under the Horizon 2020 Programme by means of the Grant Agreement No. 731019 EUSMI. (ROMEO:white; preprint:; postprint:restricted 12 months embargo; pdfversion:cannot); ecas_sara			Approved	Most recent IF: 9.466
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:152997UA @ admin @ c:irua:152997			Serial	5011
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	Author	Tong, Y.; Yao, E.-P.; Manzi, A.; Bladt, E.; Wang, K.; Doeblinger, M.; Bals, S.; Mueller-Buschbaum, P.; Urban, A.S.; Polavarapu, L.; Feldmann, J.
	Title	Spontaneous self-assembly of Perovskite nanocrystals into electronically coupled supercrystals : toward filling the green gap			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Advanced materials	Abbreviated Journal	Adv Mater
	Volume	30	Issue	30	Pages	1801117
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Self-assembly of nanoscale building blocks into ordered nanoarchitectures has emerged as a simple and powerful approach for tailoring the nanoscale properties and the opportunities of using these properties for the development of novel optoelectronic nanodevices. Here, the one-pot synthesis of CsPbBr3 perovskite supercrystals (SCs) in a colloidal dispersion by ultrasonication is reported. The growth of the SCs occurs through the spontaneous self-assembly of individual nanocrystals (NCs), which form in highly concentrated solutions of precursor powders. The SCs retain the high photoluminescence (PL) efficiency of their NC subunits, however also exhibit a redshifted emission wavelength compared to that of the individual nanocubes due to interparticle electronic coupling. This redshift makes the SCs pure green emitters with PL maxima at approximate to 530-535 nm, while the individual nanocubes emit a cyan-green color (approximate to 512 nm). The SCs can be used as an emissive layer in the fabrication of pure green light-emitting devices on rigid or flexible substrates. Moreover, the PL emission color is tunable across the visible range by employing a well-established halide ion exchange reaction on the obtained CsPbBr3 SCs. These results highlight the promise of perovskite SCs for light emitting applications, while providing insight into their collective optical properties.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Weinheim	Editor
	Language		Wos	000438709400019	Publication Date	2018-06-05
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0935-9648	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	19.791	Times cited	161	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	; This research work was supported by the Bavarian State Ministry of Science, Research, and Arts through the grant “Solar Technologies go Hybrid (SolTech),” by the China Scholarship Council (Y.T. and K.W.), by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skodowska-Curie Grant Agreement COMPASS No. 691185 and by LMU Munich's Institutional Strategy LMUexcellent within the framework of the German Excellence Initiative (L.P., J.F. and A.S.U.). E.B. and S.B. acknowledge financial support from the European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant #335078-COLOURATOMS). The authors would like to thank Alexander Richter for helpful discussions. ; ecas_Sara			Approved	Most recent IF: 19.791
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:152413UA @ admin @ c:irua:152413			Serial	5129
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	Author	Tessier, M.D.; Baquero, E.A.; Dupont, D.; Grigel, V.; Bladt, E.; Bals, S.; Coppel, Y.; Hens, Z.; Nayral, C.; Delpech, F.
	Title	Interfacial oxidation and photoluminescence of InP-Based core/shell quantum dots			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Chemistry of materials	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Mater
	Volume	30	Issue	30	Pages	6877-6883
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Indium phosphide colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are emerging as an efficient cadmium-free alternative for optoelectronic applications. Recently, syntheses based on easy-to-implement aminophosphine precursors have been developed. We show by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy that this new approach allows oxide-free indium phosphide core or core/shell quantum dots to be made. Importantly, the oxide-free core/shell interface does not help in achieving higher luminescence efficiencies. We demonstrate that in the case of InP/ZnS and InP/ZnSe QDs, a more pronounced oxidation concurs with a higher photoluminescence efficiency. This study suggests that a II-VI shell on a III-V core generates an interface prone to defects. The most efficient InP/ZnS or InP/ZnSe QDs are therefore made with an oxide buffer layer between the core and the shell: it passivates these interface defects but also results in a somewhat broader emission line width.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Chemical Society	Place of Publication	Washington, D.C	Editor
	Language		Wos	000447237800031	Publication Date	2018-09-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0897-4756	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	9.466	Times cited	74	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	; The authors thank L. Biadala and C. Delerue for fruitful discussion. Z.H. acknowledges support by the European Commission via the Marie-Sklodowska Curie action Phonsi (H2020-MSCA-ITN-642656), by Research Foundation Flanders (Project 17006602), and by Ghent University (GOA No. 01G01513). Z.H., M.D.T., and D.D. acknowledge the Strategisch Initiatief Materialen in Vlaanderen of Agentschap Innoveren en Ondernemen (SIM VLAIO), vzw (SBO-QDOCCO, ICON-QUALIDI). This work was supported by the Universite Paul Sabatier, the Region Midi-Pyrenees, the CNRS, the Institut National des Sciences Appliquees of Toulouse, and the Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (Project ANR-13-IS10-0004-01). E.A.B. is grateful to Marie Curie Actions and Campus France for a PRESTIGE postdoc fellowship (FP7 /2007-2013) under REA Grant Agreement PCOFUND-GA-2013-609102. E.B. acknowledges financial support from Research Foundation Flanders (FWO). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 9.466
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:154732UA @ admin @ c:irua:154732			Serial	5109
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	Author	Bae, J.; Cichocka, M.O.; Zhang, Y.; Bacsik, Z.; Bals, S.; Zou, X.; Willhammar, T.; Hong, S.B.
	Title	Phase transformation behavior of a two-dimensional zeolite			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	58	Issue	30	Pages	10230-10235
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Understanding the molecular-level mechanisms of phase transformation in solids is of fundamental interest for functional materials such as zeolites. Two-dimensional (2D) zeolites, when used as shape-selective catalysts, can offer improved access to the catalytically active sites and a shortened diffusion length in comparison with their 3D analogues. However, few materials are known to maintain both their intralayer microporosity and structure during calcination for organic structure-directing agent (SDA) removal. Herein we report that PST-9, a new 2D zeolite which has been synthesized via the multiple inorganic cation approach and fulfills the requirements for true layered zeolites, can be transformed into the small-pore zeolite EU-12 under its crystallization conditions through the single-layer folding process, but not through the traditional dissolution/recrystallization route. We also show that zeolite crystal growth pathway can differ according to the type of organic SDAs employed.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000476452700030	Publication Date	2019-05-22
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1433-7851; 0570-0833	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited	2	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	We acknowledge financial support from National Creative Research Initiative Program (2012R1A3A-2048833) through the National Research Foundation of Korea, the National Research Council of Science & Technology (CRC-14-1-KRICT) grant by the Korea government (MSIP), the Swedish Research Council (2017-04321), and the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW) through the project grant 3DEM-NATUR (2012.0112). T.W. acknowledges an international postdoc grant from the Swedish Research Council (2014-06948).			Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:181233			Serial	6878
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	Author	Wang, Y.; Sztranyovszky, Z.; Zilli, A.; Albrecht, W.; Bals, S.; Borri, P.; Langbein, W.
	Title	Quantitatively linking morphology and optical response of individual silver nanohedra			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Nanoscale	Abbreviated Journal	Nanoscale
	Volume	14	Issue	30	Pages	11028-11037
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The optical response of metal nanoparticles is governed by plasmonic resonances, which are dictated by the particle morphology. A thorough understanding of the link between morphology and optical response requires quantitatively measuring optical and structural properties of the same particle. Here we present such a study, correlating electron tomography and optical micro-spectroscopy. The optical measurements determine the scattering and absorption cross-section spectra in absolute units, and electron tomography determines the 3D morphology. Numerical simulations of the spectra for the individual particle geometry, and the specific optical set-up used, allow for a quantitative comparison including the cross-section magnitude. Silver nanoparticles produced by photochemically driven colloidal synthesis, including decahedra, tetrahedra and bi-tetrahedra are investigated. A mismatch of measured and simulated spectra is found in some cases when assuming pure silver particles, which is explained by the presence of a few atomic layers of tarnish on the surface, not evident in electron tomography. The presented method tightens the link between particle morphology and optical response, supporting the predictive design of plasmonic nanomaterials.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000828704000001	Publication Date	2022-07-15
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2040-3364; 2040-3372	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.7	Times cited	1	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	Z.S. acknowledges the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) for his Ph.D. studentship award (grant EP/R513003/1). Y.W. acknowledges Iwan Moreels (University of Ghent) for training in nanoparticle synthesis. Y.W. acknowledges the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) for his Ph.D. studentship award (grant BB/L015889/1). This work was supported by the UK EPSRC (grants EP/I005072/1 and EP/M028313/1), and by the European Commission (EUSMI E191000350). W.A. acknowledges an Individual Fellowship from the Marie Skodowska-Curie actions (MSCA) under the EU's Horizon 2020 program (Grant 797153, SOPMEN). We thank Lukas Payne and Iestyn Pope for contributions to the development of the hardware and software used for the optical measurements.			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.7
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:189578			Serial	7092
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	Author	Ren, P.; Zhang, T.; Jain, N.; Ching, H.Y.V.; Jaworski, A.; Barcaro, G.; Monti, S.; Silvestre-Albero, J.; Celorrio, V.; Chouhan, L.; Rokicinska, A.; Debroye, E.; Kustrowski, P.; Van Doorslaer, S.; Van Aert, S.; Bals, S.; Das, S.
	Title	An atomically dispersed Mn-photocatalyst for generating hydrogen peroxide from seawater via the Water Oxidation Reaction (WOR)			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	Journal of the American Chemical Society	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	145	Issue	30	Pages	16584-16596
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Organic synthesis (ORSY); Theory and Spectroscopy of Molecules and Materials (TSM²)
	Abstract	In this work, we have fabricatedan aryl amino-substitutedgraphiticcarbon nitride (g-C3N4) catalyst with atomicallydispersed Mn capable of generating hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) directly from seawater. This new catalyst exhibitedexcellent reactivity, obtaining up to 2230 & mu;M H2O2 in 7 h from alkaline water and up to 1800 & mu;Mfrom seawater under identical conditions. More importantly, the catalystwas quickly recovered for subsequent reuse without appreciable lossin performance. Interestingly, unlike the usual two-electron oxygenreduction reaction pathway, the generation of H2O2 was through a less common two-electron water oxidation reaction(WOR) process in which both the direct and indirect WOR processesoccurred; namely, photoinduced h(+) directly oxidized H2O to H2O2 via a one-step 2e(-) WOR, and photoinduced h(+) first oxidized a hydroxide (OH-) ion to generate a hydroxy radical ((OH)-O-& BULL;), and H2O2 was formed indirectly by thecombination of two (OH)-O-& BULL;. We have characterized thematerial, at the catalytic sites, at the atomic level using electronparamagnetic resonance, X-ray absorption near edge structure, extendedX-ray absorption fine structure, high-resolution transmission electronmicroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, magic-angle spinningsolid-state NMR spectroscopy, and multiscale molecular modeling, combiningclassical reactive molecular dynamics simulations and quantum chemistrycalculations.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	001034983300001	Publication Date	2023-07-24
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0002-7863	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	15	Times cited	21	Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes	S.D. thanks the IOF grant and Francqui start up grant from the University of Antwerp, Belgium, for the financial support. P.R. thanks CSC and T.Z. thanks FWO for their financial assistance to finish this work. E.D. would like to thank the KU Leuven Research Fund for financial support through STG/21/010. J.S.A. acknowledges financial support from MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and EU NextGeneration/PRTR (Project PCI2020-111968/3D-Photocat) and Diamond Synchrotron (rapid access proposal SP32609). This work was supported by the European Research Council (grant 770887-PICOMETRICS to S.V.A. and Grant 815128-REALNANO to S.B.). S.B. and S.V.A. acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium, project G.0346.21 N). We also thank Mr. Jian Zhu and Mr. Shahid Ullah Khan from the University of Antwerp, Belgium, for helpful discussions.			Approved	Most recent IF: 15; 2023 IF: 13.858
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:198426			Serial	8831
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	Author	Ustarroz, J.; Hammons, J.A.; Altantzis, T.; Hubin, A.; Bals, S.; Terryn, H.
	Title	A generalized electrochemical aggregative growth mechanism			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Journal of the American Chemical Society	Abbreviated Journal	J Am Chem Soc
	Volume	135	Issue	31	Pages	11550-11561
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The early stages of nanocrystal nucleation and growth are still an active field of research and remain unrevealed. In this work, by the combination of aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electrochemical characterization of the electrodeposition of different metals, we provide a complete reformulation of the VolmerWeber 3D island growth mechanism, which has always been accepted to explain the early stages of metal electrodeposition and thin-film growth on low-energy substrates. We have developed a Generalized Electrochemical Aggregative Growth Mechanism which mimics the atomistic processes during the early stages of thin-film growth, by incorporating nanoclusters as building blocks. We discuss the influence of new processes such as nanocluster self-limiting growth, surface diffusion, aggregation, and coalescence on the growth mechanism and morphology of the resulting nanostructures. Self-limiting growth mechanisms hinder nanocluster growth and favor coalescence driven growth. The size of the primary nanoclusters is independent of the applied potential and deposition time. The balance between nucleation, nanocluster surface diffusion, and coalescence depends on the material and the overpotential, and influences strongly the morphology of the deposits. A small extent of coalescence leads to ultraporous dendritic structures, large surface coverage, and small particle size. Contrarily, full recrystallization leads to larger hemispherical monocrystalline islands and smaller particle density. The mechanism we propose represents a scientific breakthrough from the fundamental point of view and indicates that achieving the right balance between nucleation, self-limiting growth, cluster surface diffusion, and coalescence is essential and opens new, exciting possibilities to build up enhanced supported nanostructures using nanoclusters as building blocks.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Washington, D.C.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000323019400034	Publication Date	2013-06-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0002-7863;1520-5126;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	13.858	Times cited	124	Open Access
	Notes	Fow; Hercules			Approved	Most recent IF: 13.858; 2013 IF: 11.444
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:109453			Serial	1323
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