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“Microstructure and interface studies of LaVO3/SrVO3 superlattices”. Boullay P, David A, Sheets WC, Lüders U, Prellier W, Tan H, Verbeeck J, Van Tendeloo G, Gatel C, Vincze G, Radi Z, Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics 83, 125403 (2011). http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.83.125403
Abstract: The structure and interface characteristics of (LaVO3)6m(SrVO3)m superlattices deposited on a (100)-SrTiO3 substrate were studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Cross-section TEM studies revealed that both LaVO3 (LVO) and SrVO3 (SVO) layers are good single-crystal quality and epitaxially grown with respect to the substrate. It is evidenced that LVO layers are made of two orientational variants of a distorted perovskite compatible with bulk LaVO3, while SVO layers suffers from a tetragonal distortion due to the substrate-induced stain. Electron energy loss spectroscopy investigations indicate changes in the fine structure of the V L23 edge, related to a valence change between the LaVO3 and the SrVO3 layers.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.836
Times cited: 26
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.125403
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“Model-based determination of dielectric function by STEM low-loss EELS”. Zhang L, Turner S, Brosens F, Verbeeck J, Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics 81, 035102 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.81.035102
Abstract: Dielectric properties of materials are crucial in describing the electromagnetic response of materials. As devices are becoming considerably smaller than the optical wavelength, the conventional measuring methods based on optical response are limited by their spatial resolution. Electron energy loss spectroscopy performed in a scanning transmission electron microscope is a good alternative to obtain the dielectric properties with excellent spatial resolution. Due to the overlap of diffraction discs in scanning transmission electron microscopy, it is difficult to apply conventional experimental settings to suppress retardation losses. In this contribution, a relativistic dielectric model for the loss function is presented which is used in a model based optimization scheme to estimate the complex dielectric function of a material. The method is applied to experiments on bulk diamond and SrTiO3 and shows a good agreement with optical reference data when retardation effects are included. Application of this technique to nanoparticles is possible but several theoretical assumptions made in the model of the loss function are violated and interpretation becomes problematic.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Theory of quantum systems and complex systems
Impact Factor: 3.836
Times cited: 9
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.035102
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“Multiple scattering calculations of relativistic electron energy loss spectra”. Jorissen K, Rehr JJ, Verbeeck J, Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics 81, 155108 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.81.155108
Abstract: A generalization of the real-space Greens-function approach is presented for ab initio calculations of relativistic electron energy loss spectra (EELS) which are particularly important in anisotropic materials. The approach incorporates relativistic effects in terms of the transition tensor within the dipole-selection rule. In particular, the method accounts for relativistic corrections to the magic angle in orientation resolved EELS experiments. The approach is validated by a study of the graphite C K edge, for which we present an accurate magic angle measurement consistent with the predicted value.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.836
Times cited: 24
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.155108
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“Real-space simulations of spin-polarized electronic transitions in iron”. Schattschneider P, Verbeeck J, Mauchamp V, Jaouen M, Hamon A-L, Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics 82, 144418 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.82.144418
Abstract: After the advent of energy-loss magnetic chiral dichroism (EMCD) in 2006, rapid progress in theoretical understanding and in experimental performance was achieved, recently demonstrating a spatial resolution of better than 2 nm. Similar to the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism technique, EMCD is used to study atom specific magnetic moments. The latest generation of electron microscopes opens the road to the mapping of spin moments on the atomic scale with this method. Here the theoretical background to reach this challenging aim is elaborated. Numerical simulations of the L3 transition in an Fe specimen, based on a combination of the density-matrix approach for inelastic electron scattering with the propagation of the probe electron in the lattice potential indicate the feasibility of single spin mapping in the electron microscope.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.836
Times cited: 11
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.144418
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“Retrieving the dielectric function of diamond from valence electron energy-loss spectroscopy”. Zhang L, Erni R, Verbeeck J, Van Tendeloo G, Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics 77, 195119 (2008). http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.77.195119
Abstract: A data-acquisition and data-processing method is proposed that aims at minimizing the effect of retardation on the Kramers-Kronig analysis of valence electron energy-loss spectra. This method is applied to diamond, which, due to its high dielectric constant, is a material that shows strong retardation effects and thus is a challenging material to be studied by valence electron energy-loss spectroscopy. The results obtained show a significant improvement but still show small discrepancies with respect to optical data, which are most likely due to the residual retardation contributions and the fact that nonzero momentum transfers are measured.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.836
Times cited: 16
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.195119
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“Structural and chemical effects on EELS L3,2 ionization edges in Ni-based intermetallic compounds”. Potapov PL, Kulkova SE, Schryvers D, Verbeeck J, Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics 64, 184110 (2001). http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.64.184110
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.836
Times cited: 44
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.184110
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“Structural phase transition and spontaneous interface reconstruction in La2/3Ca1/3MnO3/BaTiO3 superlattices”. Turner S, Lebedev OI, Verbeeck J, Gehrke K, Moshnyaga V, Van Tendeloo G, Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics 87, 035418 (2013). http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.87.035418
Abstract: (La2/3Ca1/3MnO3)n/(BaTiO3)m (LCMOn/BTOm) superlattices on MgO and SrTiO3 substrates with different layer thicknesses (n = 10, 38, 40 and m = 5, 18, 20) have been grown by metal organic aerosol deposition (MAD) and have been fully characterized down to the atomic scale to study the interface characteristics. Scanning transmission electron microscopy combined with spatially resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy provides clear evidence for the existence of atomically sharp interfaces in MAD grown films, which exhibit epitaxial growth conditions, a uniform normal strain, and a fully oxidized state. Below a critical layer thickness the LCMO structure is found to change from the bulk Pnma symmetry to a pseudocubic R3̅ c symmetry. An atomically flat interface reconstruction consisting of a single Ca-rich atomic layer is observed on the compressively strained BTO on LCMO interface, which is thought to partially neutralize the total charge from the alternating polar atomic layers in LCMO as well as relieving strain at the interface. No interface reconstruction is observed at the tensile strained LCMO on BTO interface.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.836
Times cited: 12
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.035418
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“Using electron vortex beams to determine chirality of crystals in transmission electron microscopy”. Juchtmans R, Béché, A, Abakumov A, Batuk M, Verbeeck J, Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics 91, 094112 (2015). http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.91.094112
Abstract: We investigate electron vortex beams elastically scattered on chiral crystals. After deriving a general expression for the scattering amplitude of a vortex electron, we study its diffraction on point scatterers arranged on a helix. We derive a relation between the handedness of the helix and the topological charge of the electron vortex on one hand and the symmetry of the higher-order Laue zones in the diffraction pattern on the other for kinematically and dynamically scattered electrons. We then extend this to atoms arranged on a helix as found in crystals which belong to chiral space groups and propose a method to determine the handedness of such crystals by looking at the symmetry of the diffraction pattern. In contrast to alternative methods, our technique does not require multiple scattering, which makes it possible to also investigate extremely thin samples in which multiple scattering is suppressed. In order to verify the model, elastic scattering simulations are performed, and an experimental demonstration on Mn2Sb2O7 is given in which we find the sample to belong to the right-handed variant of its enantiomorphic pair. This demonstrates the usefulness of electron vortex beams to reveal the chirality of crystals in a transmission electron microscope and provides the required theoretical basis for further developments in this field.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.836
Times cited: 54
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.91.094112
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“Direct nucleation of hexagonal boron nitride on diamond : crystalline properties of hBN nanowalls”. Hoang D-Q, Korneychuk S, Sankaran KJ, Pobedinskas P, Drijkoningen S, Turner S, Van Bael MK, Verbeeck J, Nicley SS, Haenen K, Acta materialia 127, 17 (2017). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.ACTAMAT2017.01.002
Abstract: Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanowalls were deposited by unbalanced radio frequency sputtering on (100)-oriented silicon, nanocrystalline diamond films, and amorphous silicon nitride (Si3N4) membranes. The hBN nanowall structures were found to grow vertically with respect to the surface of all of the substrates. To provide further insight into the nucleation phase and possible lattice distortion of the deposited films, the structural properties of the different interfaces were characterized by transmission electron microscopy. For Si and Si3N4 substrates, turbostratic and amorphous BN phases form a clear transition zone between the substrate and the actual hBN phase of the bulk nanowalls. However, surprisingly, the presence of these phases was suppressed at the interface with a nanocrystalline diamond film, leading to a direct coupling of hBN with the diamond surface, independent of the vertical orientation of the diamond grain. To explain these observations, a growth mechanism is proposed in which the hydrogen terminated surface of the nanocrystalline diamond film leads to a rapid formation of the hBN phase during the initial stages of growth, contrary to the case of Si and Si3N4 substrates. (C) 2017 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 5.301
DOI: 10.1016/J.ACTAMAT2017.01.002
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“Novel class of nanostructured metallic glass films with superior and tunable mechanical properties”. Ghidelli M, Orekhov A, Bassi AL, Terraneo G, Djemia P, Abadias G, Nord M, Béché, A, Gauquelin N, Verbeeck J, Raskin J-p, Schryvers D, Pardoen T, Idrissi H, Acta Materialia , 116955 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2021.116955
Abstract: A novel class of nanostructured Zr50Cu50 (%at.) metallic glass films with superior and tunable mechanical
properties is produced by pulsed laser deposition. The process can be controlled to synthetize a wide
range of film microstructures including dense fully amorphous, amorphous embedded with nanocrystals
and amorphous nano-granular. A unique dense self-assembled nano-laminated atomic arrangement
characterized by alternating Cu-rich and Zr/O-rich nanolayers with different local chemical enrichment
and amorphous or amorphous-crystalline composite nanostructure has been discovered, while
significant in-plane clustering is reported for films synthetized at high deposition pressures. This unique
nanoarchitecture is at the basis of superior mechanical properties including large hardness and elastic
modulus up to 10 and 140 GPa, respectively and outstanding total elongation to failure (>9%), leading to
excellent strength/ductility balance, which can be tuned by playing with the film architecture. These
results pave the way to the synthesis of novel class of engineered nanostructured metallic glass films
with high structural performances attractive for a number of applications in microelectronics and
coating industry.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 5.301
Times cited: 27
DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2021.116955
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“The effect of microstructure and film composition on the mechanical properties of linear antenna CVD diamond thin films”. Mary Joy R, Pobedinskas P, Baule N, Bai S, Jannis D, Gauquelin N, Pinault-Thaury M-A, Jomard F, Sankaran KJ, Rouzbahani R, Lloret F, Desta D, D’Haen J, Verbeeck J, Becker MF, Haenen K, Acta materialia 264, 119548 (2024). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2023.119548
Abstract: This study reports the impact of film microstructure and composition on the Young’s modulus and residual stress in nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) thin films ( thick) grown on silicon substrates using a linear antenna microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system. Combining laser acoustic wave spectroscopy to determine the elastic properties with simple wafer curvature measurements, a straightforward method to determine the intrinsic stress in NCD films is presented. Two deposition parameters are varied: (1) the substrate temperature from 400 °C to 900 °C, and (2) the [P]/[C] ratio from 0 ppm to 8090 ppm in the H2/CH4/CO2/PH3 diamond CVD plasma. The introduction of PH3 induces a transition in the morphology of the diamond film, shifting from NCD with larger grains to ultra-NCD with a smaller grain size, concurrently resulting in a decrease in Young’s modulus. Results show that the highest Young’s modulus of (113050) GPa for the undoped NCD deposited at 800 °C is comparable to single crystal diamond, indicating that NCD with excellent mechanical properties is achievable with our process for thin diamond films. Based on the film stress results, we propose the origins of tensile intrinsic stress in the diamond films. In NCD, the tensile intrinsic stress is attributed to larger grain size, while in ultra-NCD films the tensile intrinsic stress is due to grain boundaries and impurities.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 9.4
DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2023.119548
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“On the formation mechanisms of intragranular shear bands in olivine by stress-induced amorphization”. Idrissi H, Béché, A, Gauquelin N, Ul-Haq I, Bollinger C, Demouchy S, Verbeeck J, Pardoen T, Schryvers D, Cordier P, Acta materialia 239, 118247 (2022). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.ACTAMAT.2022.118247
Abstract: Intragranular amorphization shear lamellae are found in deformed olivine aggregates. The detailed trans-mission electron microscopy analysis of intragranular lamella arrested in the core of a grain provides novel information on the amorphization mechanism. The deformation field is complex and heteroge-neous, corresponding to a shear crack type instability involving mode I, II and III loading components. The formation and propagation of the amorphous lamella is accompanied by the formation of crystal defects ahead of the tip. These defects are geometrically necessary [001] dislocations, characteristics of high-stress deformation in olivine, and rotational nanodomains which are tentatively interpreted as disclinations. We show that these defects play an important role in dictating the path followed by the amorphous lamella. Stress-induced amorphization in olivine would thus result from a direct crystal-to -amorphous transformation associated with a shear instability and not from a mechanical destabilization due to the accumulation of high number of defects from an intense preliminary deformation. The pref-erential alignment of some lamellae along (010) is a proof of the lower ultimate mechanical strength of these planes.(c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 9.4
Times cited: 5
DOI: 10.1016/J.ACTAMAT.2022.118247
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“Oxidation processes at the metal/oxide interface in CoFe2/CoFe2O4 bilayers deposited by pulsed laser deposition”. Viart N, Sayed Hassan R, Ulhaq-Bouillet C, Meny C, Panissod P, Loison JL, Versini G, Huber F, Pourroy G, Verbeeck J, Van Tendeloo G, Acta materialia 54, 191 (2006). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2005.08.041
Abstract: CoFe2/CoFe2O4 bilayers were made by pulsed laser ablation of a CoFe2 target on Si(I 0 0) substrates. The metallic layer was deposited first, in vacuum. The oxide was then deposited in an oxidizing O-2:N-2 (20:80) atmosphere. Two different procedures were used for the introduction of the oxidizing atmosphere in the deposition chamber: the laser ablation of the target was either stopped (discontinuous deposition process) or maintained (continuous deposition process) during the 20 min necessary for the establishment of the desired O-2:N-2 pressure. In both cases, the different electronegativities of Fe and Co cause an important modification of the Fe/Co ratio at the metal/oxide interface, with a depletion of Fe in the metal region and of Co in the oxide region. In the continuous procedure, the combination of the kinetic energy given by the ablation process to the Fe and Co adatoms with the one they get from their different affinity towards oxidation allows the formation of a low roughness metal/oxide interface with a high (111) preferred orientation of the CoFe2O4 layer, an induced re-crystallisation of the metal layer underneath and an unusual antiferromagnetic metal/oxide magnetic coupling. (c) 2005 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 5.301
Times cited: 5
DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2005.08.041
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“Towards Reproducible and Transparent Science of (Big) Electron Microscopy Data Using Version Control”. Nord M, Verbeeck J, Microscopy and microanalysis
T2 –, Microscopy &, Microanalysis 2019, 4-8 August, 2019, Portland, Oregon 25, 232 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927619001892
Keywords: P1 Proceeding; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.891
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927619001892
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Nord M, Verbeeck J (2019) Open Source Development Tools for Robust and Reproducible Electron Microscopy Data Analysis. 138–139
Keywords: P3; Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT) ;
Impact Factor: 1.891
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927619001429
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“Fast electron low dose tomography for beam sensitive materials”. Esteban DA, Vanrompay H, Skorikov A, Béché, A, Verbeeck J, Freitag B, Bals S, Microscopy And Microanalysis 27, 2116 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927621007649
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.891
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927621007649
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“Real-Time Integration Center of Mass (riCOM) Reconstruction for 4D STEM”. Yu C-P, Friedrich T, Jannis D, Van Aert S, Verbeeck J, Microscopy and microanalysis , 1 (2022). http://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927622000617
Abstract: A real-time image reconstruction method for scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is proposed. With an algorithm requiring only the center of mass of the diffraction pattern at one probe position at a time, it is able to update the resulting image each time a new probe position is visited without storing any intermediate diffraction patterns. The results show clear features at high spatial frequency, such as atomic column positions. It is also demonstrated that some common post-processing methods, such as band-pass filtering, can be directly integrated in the real-time processing flow. Compared with other reconstruction methods, the proposed method produces high-quality reconstructions with good noise robustness at extremely low memory and computational requirements. An efficient, interactive open source implementation of the concept is further presented, which is compatible with frame-based, as well as event-based camera/file types. This method provides the attractive feature of immediate feedback that microscope operators have become used to, for example, conventional high-angle annular dark field STEM imaging, allowing for rapid decision-making and fine-tuning to obtain the best possible images for beam-sensitive samples at the lowest possible dose.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 2.8
Times cited: 7
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927622000617
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“Can a programmable phase plate serve as an aberration corrector in the transmission electron microscope (TEM)?”.Vega Ibañez F, Béché, A, Verbeeck J, Microscopy and microanalysis , Pii S1431927622012260 (2022). http://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927622012260
Abstract: Current progress in programmable electrostatic phase plates raises questions about their usefulness for specific applications. Here, we explore different designs for such phase plates with the specific goal of correcting spherical aberration in the transmission electron microscope (TEM). We numerically investigate whether a phase plate could provide down to 1 angstrom ngstrom spatial resolution on a conventional uncorrected TEM. Different design aspects (fill factor, pixel pattern, symmetry) were evaluated to understand their effect on the electron probe size and current density. Some proposed designs show a probe size () down to 0.66 angstrom, proving that it should be possible to correct spherical aberration well past the 1 angstrom limit using a programmable phase plate consisting of an array of electrostatic phase-shifting elements.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 2.8
Times cited: 3
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927622012260
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“Phase object reconstruction for 4D-STEM using deep learning”. Friedrich T, Yu C-P, Verbeeck J, Van Aert S, Microscopy and microanalysis 29, 395 (2023). http://doi.org/10.1093/MICMIC/OZAC002
Abstract: In this study, we explore the possibility to use deep learning for the reconstruction of phase images from 4D scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) data. The process can be divided into two main steps. First, the complex electron wave function is recovered for a convergent beam electron diffraction pattern (CBED) using a convolutional neural network (CNN). Subsequently, a corresponding patch of the phase object is recovered using the phase object approximation. Repeating this for each scan position in a 4D-STEM dataset and combining the patches by complex summation yields the full-phase object. Each patch is recovered from a kernel of 3x3 adjacent CBEDs only, which eliminates common, large memory requirements and enables live processing during an experiment. The machine learning pipeline, data generation, and the reconstruction algorithm are presented. We demonstrate that the CNN can retrieve phase information beyond the aperture angle, enabling super-resolution imaging. The image contrast formation is evaluated showing a dependence on the thickness and atomic column type. Columns containing light and heavy elements can be imaged simultaneously and are distinguishable. The combination of super-resolution, good noise robustness, and intuitive image contrast characteristics makes the approach unique among live imaging methods in 4D-STEM.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 2.8
Times cited: 1
DOI: 10.1093/MICMIC/OZAC002
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“Atomic resolution mapping using quantitative high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy”. Van Aert S, Verbeeck J, Bals S, Erni R, van Dyck D, Van Tendeloo G, Microscopy and microanalysis 15, 464 (2009). http://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927609093957
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab
Impact Factor: 1.891
Times cited: 1
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927609093957
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“Computational aspects in quantitative EELS”. Verbeeck J, Van Aert S, Zhang L, Haiyan T, Schattschneider P, Rosenauer A, Microscopy and microanalysis 16, 240 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1017/S143192761005511X
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.891
DOI: 10.1017/S143192761005511X
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“EELS investigations of different niobium oxide phases”. Bach D, Störmer H, Schneider R, Gerthsen D, Verbeeck J, Microscopy and microanalysis 12, 416 (2006). http://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927606060521
Abstract: Electron energy loss spectra in conjunction with near-edge fine structures of purely stoichiometric niobium monoxide (NbO) and niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) reference materials were recorded. The structures of the niobium oxide reference materials were checked by selected area electron diffraction to ensure a proper assignment of the fine structures. NbO and Nb2O5 show clearly different energy loss near-edge fine structures of the Nb-M-4,M-5 and -M-2,M-3 edges and of the O-K edge, reflecting the specific local environments of the ionized atoms. To distinguish the two oxides in a quantitative manner, the intensities under the Nb-M-4,M-5 as well as Nb-M-2,M-3 edges and the O-K edge were measured and their ratios calculated. k-factors were also derived from these measurements.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.891
Times cited: 50
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927606060521
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“EELS of niobium and stoichiometric niobium-oxide phases: part 1: plasmon and Near-edges fine structure”. Bach D, Schneider R, Gerthsen D, Verbeeck J, Sigle W, Microscopy and microanalysis 15, 505 (2009). http://doi.org/10.1017/S143192760999105X
Abstract: A comprehensive electron energy-loss spectroscopy study of niobium (Nb) and stable Nb-oxide phases (NbO, NbO2, Nb2O5) was carried out. In this work (Part I), the plasmons and energy-loss near-edge structures (ELNES) of all relevant Nb edges (Nb-N2,3, Nb-M4,5, Nb-M2,3, Nb-M1, and Nb-L2,3) up to energy losses of about 2600 eV and the O-K edge are analyzed with respect to achieving characteristic fingerprints of Nb in different formal oxidation states (0 for metallic Nb, +2 for NbO, +4 for NbO2, and +5 for Nb2O5). Chemical shifts of the Nb-N2,3, Nb-M4,5, Nb-M2,3, and Nb-L2,3 edges are extracted from the spectra that amount to about 4 eV as the oxidation state increases from 0 for Nb to +5 for Nb2O5. Four different microscopes, including a 200 keV ZEISS Libra with monochromator, were used. The corresponding wide range of experimental parameters with respect to the primary electron energy, convergence, and collection semi-angles as well as energy resolution allows an assessment of the influence of the experimental setup on the ELNES of the different edges. Finally, the intensity of the Nb-L2,3 white-line edges is correlated with niobium 4d-state occupancy in the different reference materials.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.891
Times cited: 55
DOI: 10.1017/S143192760999105X
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“Structural, chemical and electronic characterization of ceramic materials using quantitative (scanning) transmission electron microscopy”. Bals S, Van Aert S, Verbeeck J, Van Tendeloo G, Microscopy and microanalysis 13, 332 (2007). http://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927607081664
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.891
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927607081664
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“Nanoscale investigation of the degradation mechanism of a historical chrome yellow paint by quantitative electron energy loss spectroscopy mapping of chromium species”. Tan H, Tian H, Verbeeck J, Janssens K, Van Tendeloo G, Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English 52, 11360 (2013). http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201305753
Abstract: Getting the picture: The investigation of 100 year old chrome yellow paint by transmission electron microscopy and spectroscopy has led to the identification of four types of coreshell particles. This nanoscale investigation has allowed a mechanism to be proposed for the darkening of some bright yellow colors in Van Gogh's paintings (e.g. in Falling leaves (Les Alyscamps), 1888).
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Impact Factor: 11.994
Times cited: 29
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201305753
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“Perovskite-like Mn2O3 : a path to new manganites”. Ovsyannikov SV, Abakumov AM, Tsirlin AA, Schnelle W, Egoavil R, Verbeeck J, Van Tendeloo G, Glazyrin KV, Hanfland M, Dubrovinsky L, Angewandte Chemie 52, 1494 (2013). http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201208553
Abstract: Korund-artiges ε-Mn2O3 und Perowskit-artiges ζ-Mn2O3, zwei neue Phasen von Mn2O3, wurden unter hohen Drücken bei hohen Temperaturen synthetisiert. Die Manganatome können vollständig die A- und B-Positionen der Perowskitstruktur besetzen. ζ-Mn2O3 (siehe Bild, A-Positionsordnung) enthält Mn in den drei Oxidationsstufen +II, +III und +IV.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 11.994
Times cited: 84
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201208553
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“Corrigendum: Structural phase transition at the percolation threshold in epitaxial (La0.7Ca0.3MnO3)1-x:(MgO)x nanocomposite films”. Moshnyaga V, Damaschke B, Shapoval O, Belenchuk A, Faupel J, Lebedev OI, Verbeeck J, Van Tendeloo G, Mücksch M, Tsurkan V, Tidecks R, Samwer K, Nature materials 4, 104 (2005)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 39.737
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“Controlled lateral anisotropy in correlated manganite heterostructures by interface-engineered oxygen octahedral coupling”. Liao Z, Huijben M, Zhong Z, Gauquelin N, Macke S, Green RJ, Van Aert S, Verbeeck J, Van Tendeloo G, Held K, Sawatzky GA, Koster G, Rijnders G, Nature materials 15, 425 (2016). http://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4579
Abstract: Controlled in-plane rotation of the magnetic easy axis in manganite heterostructures by tailoring the interface oxygen network could allow the development of correlated oxide-based magnetic tunnelling junctions with non-collinear magnetization, with possible practical applications as miniaturized high-switching-speed magnetic random access memory (MRAM) devices. Here, we demonstrate how to manipulate magnetic and electronic anisotropic properties in manganite heterostructures by engineering the oxygen network on the unit-cell level. The strong oxygen octahedral coupling is found to transfer the octahedral rotation, present in the NdGaO3 (NGO) substrate, to the La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 (LSMO) film in the interface region. This causes an unexpected realignment of the magnetic easy axis along the short axis of the LSMO unit cell as well as the presence of a giant anisotropic transport in these ultrathin LSMO films. As a result we possess control of the lateral magnetic and electronic anisotropies by atomic-scale design of the oxygen octahedral rotation.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 39.737
Times cited: 273
DOI: 10.1038/nmat4579
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“Electronically coupled complementary interfaces between perovskite band insulators”. Huijben M, Rijnders G, Blank DHA, Bals S, Van Aert S, Verbeeck J, Van Tendeloo G, Brinkman A, Hilgenkamp H, Nature materials 5, 556 (2006). http://doi.org/10.1038/nmat1675
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 39.737
Times cited: 315
DOI: 10.1038/nmat1675
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“Extreme mobility enhancement of two-dimensional electron gases at oxide interfaces by charge-transfer-induced modulation doping”. Chen YZ, Trier F, Wijnands T, Green RJ, Gauquelin N, Egoavil R, Christensen DV, Koster G, Huijben M, Bovet N, Macke S, He F, Sutarto R, Andersen NH, Sulpizio JA, Honig M, Prawiroatmodjo GEDK, Jespersen TS, Linderoth S, Ilani S, Verbeeck J, Van Tendeloo G, Rijnders G, Sawatzky GA, Pryds N, Nature materials 14, 801 (2015). http://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4303
Abstract: Two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) formed at the interface of insulating complex oxides promise the development of all-oxide electronic devices. These 2DEGs involve many-body interactions that give rise to a variety of physical phenomena such as superconductivity, magnetism, tunable metalinsulator transitions and phase separation. Increasing the mobility of the 2DEG, however, remains a major challenge. Here, we show that the electron mobility is enhanced by more than two orders of magnitude by inserting a single-unit-cell insulating layer of polar La1−xSrxMnO3 (x = 0, 1/8, and 1/3) at the interface between disordered LaAlO3 and crystalline SrTiO3 produced at room temperature. Resonant X-ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy show that the manganite layer undergoes unambiguous electronic reconstruction, leading to modulation doping of such atomically engineered complex oxide heterointerfaces. At low temperatures, the modulation-doped 2DEG exhibits Shubnikovde Haas oscillations and fingerprints of the quantum Hall effect, demonstrating unprecedented high mobility and low electron density.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 39.737
Times cited: 170
DOI: 10.1038/nmat4303
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