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Author (down) Bagiński, M.; Pedrazo-Tardajos, A.; Altantzis, T.; Tupikowska, M.; Vetter, A.; Tomczyk, E.; Suryadharma, R.N.S.; Pawlak, M.; Andruszkiewicz, A.; Górecka, E.; Pociecha, D.; Rockstuhl, C.; Bals, S.; Lewandowski, W.
Title Understanding and Controlling the Crystallization Process in Reconfigurable Plasmonic Superlattices Type A1 Journal article
Year 2021 Publication Acs Nano Abbreviated Journal Acs Nano
Volume Issue Pages acsnano.0c09746
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT)
Abstract The crystallization of nanomaterials is a primary source of solid-state, photonic structures. Thus, a detailed understanding of this process is of paramount importance for the successful application of photonic nanomaterials in emerging optoelectronic technologies. While colloidal crystallization has been thoroughly studied, for example, with advanced in situ electron microscopy methods, the noncolloidal crystallization (freezing) of nanoparticles (NPs) remains so far unexplored. To fill this gap, in this work, we present proof-of principle experiments decoding a crystallization of reconfigurable assemblies of NPs at a solid state. The chosen material corresponds to an excellent testing bed, as it enables both in situ and ex situ investigation using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and optical spectroscopy in visible and ultraviolet range (UV−vis) techniques. In particular, ensemble measurements with small-angle XRD highlighted the dependence of the correlation length in the NPs assemblies on the number of heating/cooling cycles and the rate of cooling. Ex situ TEM imaging further supported these results by revealing a dependence of domain size and structure on the sample preparation route and by showing we can control the domain size over 2 orders of magnitude. The application of HAADF-STEM tomography, combined with in situ thermal control, provided three-dimensional single-particle level information on the positional order evolution within assemblies. This combination of real and reciprocal space provides insightful information on the anisotropic, reversibly reconfigurable assemblies of NPs. TEM measurements also highlighted the importance of interfaces in the polydomain structure of nanoparticle solids, allowing us to understand experimentally observed differences in UV−vis extinction spectra of the differently prepared crystallites. Overall, the obtained results show that the combination of in situ heating HAADF-STEM tomography with XRD and ex situ TEM techniques is a powerful approach to study nanoparticle freezing processes and to reveal the crucial impact of disorder in the solid-state aggregates of NPs on their plasmonic properties.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000634569100101 Publication Date 2021-02-23
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1936-0851 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 13.942 Times cited 10 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyzszego, 0112/DIA/2019/48 ; European Commission, 731019 E171000009 (EUSMI) ; Narodowe Centrum Nauki, 2016/21/N/ST5/03356 ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, RO 3640/12-1 ; Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej, First TEAM2016–2/15 ; European Research Council, 815128 (REALNANO) ; sygma; Approved Most recent IF: 13.942
Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:175872 Serial 6673
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Author (down) Bae, J.; Cichocka, M.O.; Zhang, Y.; Bacsik, Z.; Bals, S.; Zou, X.; Willhammar, T.; Hong, S.B.
Title Phase transformation behavior of a two-dimensional zeolite Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English Abbreviated Journal
Volume 58 Issue 30 Pages 10230-10235
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract Understanding the molecular-level mechanisms of phase transformation in solids is of fundamental interest for functional materials such as zeolites. Two-dimensional (2D) zeolites, when used as shape-selective catalysts, can offer improved access to the catalytically active sites and a shortened diffusion length in comparison with their 3D analogues. However, few materials are known to maintain both their intralayer microporosity and structure during calcination for organic structure-directing agent (SDA) removal. Herein we report that PST-9, a new 2D zeolite which has been synthesized via the multiple inorganic cation approach and fulfills the requirements for true layered zeolites, can be transformed into the small-pore zeolite EU-12 under its crystallization conditions through the single-layer folding process, but not through the traditional dissolution/recrystallization route. We also show that zeolite crystal growth pathway can differ according to the type of organic SDAs employed.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000476452700030 Publication Date 2019-05-22
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1433-7851; 0570-0833 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor Times cited 2 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes We acknowledge financial support from National Creative Research Initiative Program (2012R1A3A-2048833) through the National Research Foundation of Korea, the National Research Council of Science & Technology (CRC-14-1-KRICT) grant by the Korea government (MSIP), the Swedish Research Council (2017-04321), and the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW) through the project grant 3DEM-NATUR (2012.0112). T.W. acknowledges an international postdoc grant from the Swedish Research Council (2014-06948). Approved no
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:181233 Serial 6878
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Author (down) Avila-Brande, D.; Otero-Díaz, L.C.; Landa-Cánovas, A.R.; Bals, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.
Title A new Bi4Mn1/3W2/3O8Cl Sillén-Aurivillius intergrowth: synthesis and structural characterisation by quantitative transmission electron microscopy Type A1 Journal article
Year 2006 Publication European journal of inorganic chemistry Abbreviated Journal Eur J Inorg Chem
Volume Issue 9 Pages 1853-1858
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract The synthesis and structural characterisation of a new phase with nominal composition Bi4Mn1/3W2/3O8Cl is presented. Conventional and analytical transmission electron microscopy are used to determine the composition, unit-cell symmetry and space group of the compound, whereas a structural model is deducted by exit-wave reconstruction in the transmission electron microscope. This technique allows the microscope information limit of 1.1 angstrom to be reached and the (light) oxygen atoms in the presence of heavier atoms (Bi, W, Mn) to be imaged. The average structure is refined from Xray powder diffraction data using the Rietveld method yielding an orthorhombic unit cell with lattice parameters a 5.467(4) angstrom, b = 5.466(7) angstrom and c = 14.159(3) angstrom and space group Cm2m, which could be described as a Sillen-Aurivillius intergrowth. ((c) Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Weinheim Editor
Language Wos 000237617800016 Publication Date 2006-03-13
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1434-1948;1099-0682; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 2.444 Times cited 12 Open Access
Notes Approved Most recent IF: 2.444; 2006 IF: 2.704
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:59436 Serial 2335
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Author (down) Ata, I.; Ben Dkhil, S.; Pfannmoeller, M.; Bals, S.; Duche, D.; Simon, J.-J.; Koganezawa, T.; Yoshimoto, N.; Videlot-Ackermann, C.; Margeat, O.; Ackermann, J.; Baeuerle, P.
Title The influence of branched alkyl side chains in A-D-A oligothiophenes on the photovoltaic performance and morphology of solution-processed bulk-heterojunction solar cells Type A1 Journal article
Year 2017 Publication Organic chemistry frontiers : an international journal of organic chemistry Abbreviated Journal Org Chem Front
Volume 4 Issue 4 Pages 1561-1573
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract Besides providing sufficient solubility, branched alkyl chains also affect the film-forming and packing properties of organic semiconductors. In order to avoid steric hindrance as it is present in wide-spread alkyl chains comprising a branching point position at the C2-position, i.e., 2-ethylhexyl, the branching point can be moved away from the pi-conjugated backbone. In this report, we study the influence of the modification of the branching point position from the C2-position in 2-hexyldecylamine (1) to the C4-position in 4-hexyldecylamine (2) connected to the central dithieno[3,2-b: 2', 3'-d] pyrrole (DTP) moiety in a well-studied A-D-A oligothiophene on the optoelectronic properties and photovoltaic performance in solution- processed bulk heterojunction solar cells (BHJSCs) with [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) as the acceptor material. Post-treatment of the photoactive layers is performed via solvent vapor annealing (SVA) in order to improve the film microstructure of the bulk heterojunction. The time evolution of nanoscale morphological changes is followed by combining scanning transmission electron microscopy with low-energy-loss spectroscopic imaging (STEM-SI), solid-state absorption spectroscopy, and two-dimensional grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (2D-GIXRD). Our results show an improvement of the photovoltaic performance that is dependent on the branching point position in the donor oligomer. Optical spacers are utilized to increase light absorption inside the co-oligomer 2-based BHJSCs leading to increased power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 8.2% when compared to the corresponding co-oligomer 1-based devices. A STEM-SI analysis of the respective device cross-sections of active layers containing 1 and 2 as donor materials indeed reveals significant differences in their respective active layer morphologies.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher RSC Publishing Place of Publication London Editor
Language Wos 000406374800013 Publication Date 2017-05-02
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2052-4129 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 4.955 Times cited 24 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes ; We acknowledge financial support by the European Commission under the project “SUNFLOWER” (FP7-ICT-2011-7, grant number: 287594) and S.B. acknowledges the ERC Starting Grant Colouratoms (335078). ; Approved Most recent IF: 4.955
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:145176UA @ admin @ c:irua:145176 Serial 4727
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Author (down) Asapu, R.; Claes, N.; Ciocarlan, R.-G.; Minjauw, M.; Detavernier, C.; Cool, P.; Bals, S.; Verbruggen, S.W.
Title Electron Transfer and Near-Field Mechanisms in Plasmonic Gold-Nanoparticle-Modified TiO2Photocatalytic Systems Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication ACS applied nano materials Abbreviated Journal ACS Appl. Nano Mater.
Volume 2 Issue 2 Pages 4067-4074
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
Abstract The major mechanism responsible for plasmonic enhancement of titanium dioxide photocatalysis using gold nanoparticles is still under contention. This work introduces an experimental strategy to disentangle the significance of the charge transfer and near-field mechanisms in plasmonic photocatalysis. By controlling the thickness and conductive nature of a nanoparticle shell that acts as a spacer layer separating the plasmonic metal core from the TiO2 surface, field enhancement or charge transfer effects can be selectively repressed or evoked. Layer-by-layer and in situ polymerization methods are used to synthesize gold core–polymer shell nanoparticles with shell thickness control up to the sub-nanometer level. Detailed optical and electrical characterization supported by near-field simulation models corroborate the trends in photocatalytic activity of the different systems. This approach mainly points at an important contribution of the enhanced near field.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000477917700006 Publication Date 2019-05-31
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2574-0970 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor Times cited 32 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes This work was supported by Research Foundation Flanders (FWO). P.C. and R-G.C. acknowledge financial support from FWO (Project No. G038215N). N.C. and S.B. acknowledge financial support from the European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant No. 335078-COLOURATOM). Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number EMAT @ emat @UA @ admin @ c:irua:160579 Serial 5184
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Author (down) Asapu, R.; Claes, N.; Bals, S.; Denys, S.; Detavernier, C.; Lenaerts, S.; Verbruggen, S.W.
Title Silver-polymer core-shell nanoparticles for ultrastable plasmon-enhanced photocatalysis Type A1 Journal article
Year 2017 Publication Applied catalysis : B : environmental Abbreviated Journal Appl Catal B-Environ
Volume 200 Issue 200 Pages 31-38
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
Abstract Affordable silver-polymer core-shell nanoparticles are prepared using the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique. The metallic silver core is encapsulated with an ultra-thin protective shell that prevents oxidation and clustering without compromising the plasmonic properties. The core-shell nanoparticles retain their plasmonic near field enhancement effect, as studied from finite element numerical simulations. Control over the shell thickness up to the sub-nanometer level is there for key. The particles are used to prepare a plasmonic Ag-TiO2 photocatalyst of which the gas phase photocatalytic activity is monitored over a period of four months. The described system outperforms pristine TiO2 and retains its plasmonic enhancement in contrast to TiO2 modified with bare silver nanoparticles. With this an important step is made toward the development of long-term stable plasmonic (photocatalytic) applications.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000384775600004 Publication Date 2016-06-28
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0926-3373 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 9.446 Times cited 45 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes CD, SL and SWV acknowledge the Research Foundation − Flanders (FWO) for financial support. CD further acknowledges BOF-UGent (GOA 01G01513) and the Hercules Foundation (AUGE/09/014). SB acknowledges the European Research Council for the ERC Starting Grant #335078-COLOURATOM.; ECAS_Sara; (ROMEO:green; preprint:; postprint:can ; pdfversion:cannot); Approved Most recent IF: 9.446
Call Number c:irua:134384 c:irua:134384UA @ admin @ c:irua:134384 Serial 4104
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Author (down) Asapu, R.; Ciocarlan, R.-G.; Claes, N.; Blommaerts, N.; Minjauw, M.; Ahmad, T.; Dendooven, J.; Cool, P.; Bals, S.; Denys, S.; Detavernier, C.; Lenaerts, S.; Verbruggen, S.W.
Title Plasmonic Near-Field Localization of Silver Core–Shell Nanoparticle Assemblies via Wet Chemistry Nanogap Engineering Type A1 Journal article
Year 2017 Publication ACS applied materials and interfaces Abbreviated Journal Acs Appl Mater Inter
Volume 9 Issue 9 Pages 41577-41585
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
Abstract Silver nanoparticles are widely used in the field of plasmonics because of their unique optical properties. The wavelength-dependent surface plasmon resonance gives rise to a strongly enhanced electromagnetic field, especially at so-called hot spots located in the nanogap in-between metal nanoparticle assemblies. Therefore, the interparticle distance is a decisive factor in plasmonic applications, such as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). In this study, the aim is to engineer this interparticle distance for silver nanospheres using a convenient wet-chemical approach and to predict and quantify the corresponding enhancement factor using both theoretical and experimental tools. This was done by building a tunable ultrathin polymer shell around the nanoparticles using the layer-by-layer method, in which the polymer shell acts as the separating interparticle spacer layer. Comparison of different theoretical approaches and corroborating the results with SERS analytical experiments using silver and silver−polymer core−shell nanoparticle clusters as SERS substrates was also done. Herewith, an approach is provided to estimate the extent of plasmonic near-field enhancement both theoretically as well as experimentally.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000417005900057 Publication Date 2017-11-29
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1944-8244 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 7.504 Times cited 29 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes financial support through a research fellowship. C.D. wishes to thank the Hercules foundation for the financial support (SPINAL). P.C. and R.-G.C. acknowledge financial support by FWO Vlaanderen (project no. G038215N). N.C. and S.B. acknowledge the financial support from the European Research Council (ERC starting grant #335078-COLOURATOM). (ROMEO:white; preprint:; postprint:restricted 12 months embargo; pdfversion:cannot); saraecas; ECAS_Sara; Approved Most recent IF: 7.504
Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:147243 Serial 4804
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Author (down) Arteaga Cardona, F.; Jain, N.; Popescu, R.; Busko, D.; Madirov, E.; Arús, B.A.; Gerthsen, D.; De Backer, A.; Bals, S.; Bruns, O.T.; Chmyrov, A.; Van Aert, S.; Richards, B.S.; Hudry, D.
Title Preventing cation intermixing enables 50% quantum yield in sub-15 nm short-wave infrared-emitting rare-earth based core-shell nanocrystals Type A1 Journal article
Year 2023 Publication Nature communications Abbreviated Journal Nat Commun
Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 4462
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract Short-wave infrared (SWIR) fluorescence could become the new gold standard in optical imaging for biomedical applications due to important advantages such as lack of autofluorescence, weak photon absorption by blood and tissues, and reduced photon scattering coefficient. Therefore, contrary to the visible and NIR regions, tissues become translucent in the SWIR region. Nevertheless, the lack of bright and biocompatible probes is a key challenge that must be overcome to unlock the full potential of SWIR fluorescence. Although rare-earth-based core-shell nanocrystals appeared as promising SWIR probes, they suffer from limited photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). The lack of control over the atomic scale organization of such complex materials is one of the main barriers limiting their optical performance. Here, the growth of either homogeneous (α-NaYF<sub>4</sub>) or heterogeneous (CaF<sub>2</sub>) shell domains on optically-active α-NaYF<sub>4</sub>:Yb:Er (with and without Ce<sup>3+</sup>co-doping) core nanocrystals is reported. The atomic scale organization can be controlled by preventing cation intermixing only in heterogeneous core-shell nanocrystals with a dramatic impact on the PLQY. The latter reached 50% at 60 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>; one of the highest reported PLQY values for sub-15 nm nanocrystals. The most efficient nanocrystals were utilized for in vivo imaging above 1450 nm.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 001037058500022 Publication Date 2023-07-25
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2041-1723 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 16.6 Times cited 1 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes D.H. would like to thank Dominique Ectors (Bruker AXS GmbH, Karlsruhe, Germany) for assistance and discussion on the PXRD data and TOPAS evaluations. The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the Helmholtz Association via: i) the Professorial Recruitment Initiative Funding (B.S.R.); ii) the Research Field Energy – Program Materials and Technologies for the Energy Transition – Topic 1 Photovoltaics (F.A.C., D.B., E.M., B.S.R., D.H.). This project received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 innovation programme under grant agreement 823717. This work was supported by the European Research Council (grant 770887-PICOMETRICS to S.V.A. and Grant 815128-REALNANO to S.B.). The authors acknowledge financial support from the ResearchFoundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through project fundings (G.0346.21 N to S.V.A. and S.B.) and a postdoctoral grant (A.D.B.). The authors (B.A.A., O.T.B. and A.C.) acknowledge funding from the Helmholtz Zentrum München, the DFG-Emmy Noether program (BR 5355/2-1) and from the CZI Deep Tissue Imaging (DTI-0000000248). The authors (O.T.B. and D.H.) would like to thank the Helmholtz Imaging (ZT-I-PF-4-038-BENIGN). Approved Most recent IF: 16.6; 2023 IF: 12.124
Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:198158 Serial 8808
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Author (down) Arslan Irmak, E.; Liu, P.; Bals, S.; Van Aert, S.
Title 3D Atomic Structure of Supported Metallic Nanoparticles Estimated from 2D ADF STEM Images: A Combination of Atom – Counting and a Local Minima Search Algorithm Type A1 Journal article
Year 2021 Publication Small methods Abbreviated Journal Small Methods
Volume Issue Pages 2101150
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract Determining the three-dimensional (3D) atomic structure of nanoparticles (NPs) is critical to understand their structure-dependent properties. It is hereby important to perform such analyses under conditions relevant for the envisioned application. Here, we investigate the 3D structure of supported Au NPs at high temperature, which is of importance to understand their behavior during catalytic reactions. To overcome limitations related to conventional high-resolution electron tomography at high temperature, 3D characterization of NPs with atomic resolution has been performed by applying atom-counting using atomic resolution annular darkfield scanning transmission electron microscopy (ADF STEM) images followed by structural relaxation. However, at high temperatures, thermal displacements, which affect the ADF STEM intensities, should be taken into account. Moreover, it is very likely that the structure of a NP investigated at elevated temperature deviates from a ground state configuration, which is difficult to determine using purely computational energy minimization approaches. In this paper, we therefore propose an optimized approach using an iterative local minima search algorithm followed by molecular dynamics (MD) structural relaxation of candidate structures associated with each local minimum. In this manner, it becomes possible to investigate the 3D atomic structure of supported NPs, which may deviate from their ground state configuration.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000716511600001 Publication Date 2021-11-10
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2366-9608 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor Times cited 12 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes This work was supported by the European Research Council (Grant 815128 REALNANO to SB, Grant 770887 PICOMETRICS to SVA, Grant 823717 ESTEEM3). The authors acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through project funding (G.0267.18N, G.0502.18N, G.0346.21N).; sygmaSB; esteem3jra; esteem3reported Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:183289 Serial 6820
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Author (down) Arias-Duque, C.; Bladt, E.; Munoz, M.A.; Hernandez-Garrido, J.C.; Cauqui, M.A.; Rodriguez-Izquierdo, J.M.; Blanco, G.; Bals, S.; Calvino, J.J.; Perez-Omil, J.A.; Yeste, M.P.
Title Improving the redox response stability of ceria-zirconia nanocatalysts under harsh temperature conditions Type A1 Journal article
Year 2017 Publication Chemistry of materials Abbreviated Journal Chem Mater
Volume 29 Issue 29 Pages 9340-9350
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract <script type='text/javascript'>document.write(unpmarked('By depositing ceria on the surface of yttrium stabilized zirconia (YSZ) nanocrystals and further activation under high-temperature reducing conditions, a 13% mol. CeO2/YSZ catalyst structured as subnanometer thick, pyrochlore-type, ceria-zirconia islands has been prepared. This nanostructured catalyst depicts not only high oxygen storage capacity (OSC) values but, more importantly, an outstandingly stable redox response upon oxidation and reduction treatments at very high temperatures, above 1000 degrees C. This behavior largely improves that observed on conventional ceria-zirconia solid solutions, not only of the same composition but also of those with much higher molar cerium contents. Advanced scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM-XEDS) studies have revealed as key not only to detect the actual state of the lanthanide in this novel nanocatalyst but also to rationalize its unusual resistance to redox deactivation at very high temperatures. In particular, high-resolution X-ray dispersive energy studies have revealed the presence of unique bilayer ceria islands on top of the surface of YSZ nanocrystals, which remain at surface positions upon oxidation and reduction treatments up to 1000 degrees C. Diffusion of ceria into the bulk of these crystallites upon oxidation at 1100 degrees C irreversibly deteriorates both the reducibility and OSC of this nanostructured catalyst.'));
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher American Chemical Society Place of Publication Washington, D.C Editor
Language Wos 000415911600047 Publication Date 2017-10-10
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0897-4756 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 9.466 Times cited 20 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes ; Financial support from MINECO/FEDER (Project ref: MAT2013-40823-R), Junta de Andalucia (FQM334 and FQM110), and EU FP7 (ESTEEM2) are acknowledged. E.B. and S.B. acknowledges financial support from European Research Council (ERC- Starting Grant #33S078-COLOURA-TOM). J.C.H.-G. acknowledges support from the Ramon y Cajal Fellowships Program of MINECO (RYC-2012-10004). ; Approved Most recent IF: 9.466
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:147706UA @ admin @ c:irua:147706 Serial 4880
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Author (down) Arenas-Vivo, A.; Rojas, S.; Ocaña, I.; Torres, A.; Liras, M.; Salles, F.; Arenas-Esteban, D.; Bals, S.; Ávila, D.; Horcajada, P.
Title Ultrafast reproducible synthesis of a Ag-nanocluster@MOF composite and its superior visible-photocatalytic activity in batch and in continuous flow Type A1 Journal article
Year 2021 Publication Journal Of Materials Chemistry A Abbreviated Journal J Mater Chem A
Volume 9 Issue 28 Pages 15704-15713
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract The (photo)catalytic properties of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) can be enhanced by post-synthetic inclusion of metallic species in their porosity. Due to their extraordinarily high surface area and well defined porous structure, MOFs can be used for the stabilization of metal nanoparticles with adjustable size within their porosity. Originally, we present here an optimized ultrafast photoreduction protocol for the<italic>in situ</italic>synthesis of tiny and monodisperse silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) homogeneously supported on a photoactive porous titanium carboxylate MIL-125-NH<sub>2</sub>MOF. The strong metal–framework interaction between –NH<sub>2</sub>and Ag atoms influences the AgNC growth, leading to the surfactant-free efficient catalyst AgNC@MIL-125-NH<sub>2</sub>with improved visible light absorption. The potential use of AgNC@MIL-125-NH<sub>2</sub>was further tested in challenging applications: (i) the photodegradation of the emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) methylene blue (MB-dye) and sulfamethazine (SMT-antibiotic) in water treatment, and (ii) the catalytic hydrogenation of<italic>p</italic>-nitroaniline (4-NA) to<italic>p</italic>-phenylenediamine (PPD) with industrial interest. It is noteworthy that compared with the pristine MIL-125-NH<sub>2</sub>, the composite presents an improved catalytic activity and stability, being able to photodegrade 92% of MB in 60 min and 96% of SMT in 30 min, and transform 100% of 4-NA to PPD in 30 min. Aside from these very good results, this study describes for the first time the use of a MOF in a visible light continuous flow reactor for wastewater treatment. With only 10 mg of AgNC@MIL-125-NH<sub>2</sub>, high SMT removal efficiency over 70% is maintained after >2 h under water flow conditions found in real wastewater treatment plants, signaling a future real application of MOFs in water remediation.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000671839200001 Publication Date 2021-06-21
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2050-7488 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 8.867 Times cited 18 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes Comunidad de Madrid, CAM PEJD-2016/IND-2828 Talento Modality 2, 2017-T2/IND-5149 ; Secretaría de Estado de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Raphuel project (ENE2016-79608-C2-1-R) Retos Project MAT2017-84385-R ; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Juan de la Cierva Incorporación Fellowship (grant agreement no. IJC2019-038894-I) MOFSEIDON project (PID2019-104228RB-I00) Ramón y Cajal, Grant Agreements 2014-15039 and 2015-18677 ; Fundación BBVA, IN[17]CBBQUI_0197 ; H2020 European Research Council, ERC Consolidator Grant REALNANO 815128 Grant Agreement no. 731019 (EUSMI) ; sygmaSB; Approved Most recent IF: 8.867
Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:179791 Serial 6802
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Author (down) Arenas Esteban, D.; Pacquets, L.; Choukroun, D.; Hoekx, S.; Kadu, A.A.; Schalck, J.; Daems, N.; Breugelmans, T.; Bals, S.
Title 3D characterization of the structural transformation undergone by Cu@Ag core-shell nanoparticles following CO₂ reduction reaction Type A1 Journal article
Year 2023 Publication Chemistry of materials Abbreviated Journal
Volume 35 Issue 17 Pages 6682-6691
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT)
Abstract The increasing use of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) is significantly advancing the field of electrocatalysis. In particular, Cu/Ag bimetallic interfaces are widely used to enhance the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO(2)RR) toward CO and, more recently, C-2 products. However, drastic changes in the product distribution and performance when Cu@Ag core-shell configurations are used can often be observed under electrochemical reaction conditions, especially during the first few minutes of the reaction. Possible structural changes that generate these observations remain underexplored; therefore, the structure-property relationship is hardly understood. In this study, we use electron tomography to investigate the structural transformation mechanism of Cu@Ag core-shells NPs during the critical first minutes of the eCO(2)RR. In this manner, we found that the crystallinity of the Cu seed determines whether the formation of a complete and homogeneous Ag shell is possible. Moreover, by tracking the particles' transformations, we conclude that modifications of the Cu-Ag interface and Cu2O enrichment at the surface of the NPs are key factors contributing to the product generation changes. These insights provide a better understanding of how bimetallic core-shell NPs transform under electrochemical conditions.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 001061530700001 Publication Date 2023-08-31
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0897-4756; 1520-5002 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 8.6 Times cited 1 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes L.P. was supported through a PhD fellowship for strategicbasic research (1S56920N) of the Research Foundation – Flanders(FWO). S.H. was supported through a PhD fellowship for strategic basicresearch (1S42623N) of the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO).S.B., D.A.E., and A.A.K. acknowledge financial support from ERC Consolidator Grant Number 815128 REALNANO. This research was financed by the researchcouncil of the University of Antwerp (BOF-GOA 33928). Approved Most recent IF: 8.6; 2023 IF: 9.466
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:199187 Serial 8825
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Author (down) Angelomé, P.C.; Heidari Mezerji, H.; Goris, B.; Pastoriza-Santos, I.; Pérez-Juste, J.; Bals, S.; Liz-Marzán, L.M.
Title Seedless synthesis of single crystalline Au nanoparticles with unusual shapes and tunable LSPR in the near-IR Type A1 Journal article
Year 2012 Publication Chemistry of materials Abbreviated Journal Chem Mater
Volume 24 Issue 7 Pages 1393-1399
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract The plasmonic properties of metal nanoparticles have acquired great importance because of their potential applications in very diverse fields. Metal nanoparticles with localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPR) in the near-infrared (NIR, 7501300 nm) are of particular interest because tissues, blood, and water display low absorption in this spectral range, thus facilitating biomedical applications. Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) was used to induce the seedless formation of highly anisotropic, twisted single crystalline Au nanoparticles in a single step. The LSPR of the obtained particles can be tuned from 600 nm up to 1400 nm by simply changing the reaction temperature or the reagents concentrations. The tunability of the LSPR is closely associated with significant changes in the final particle morphology, which was studied by advanced electron microscopy techniques (3D Tomography and HAADF-STEM). Kinetic experiments were carried out to establish the growth mechanism, suggesting that slow kinetics together with the complexation of the gold salt precursor to CTAC are key factors favoring the formation of these anisotropic particles.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Washington, D.C. Editor
Language Wos 000302487500020 Publication Date 2012-03-16
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0897-4756;1520-5002; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 9.466 Times cited 42 Open Access
Notes Fwo Approved Most recent IF: 9.466; 2012 IF: 8.238
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:97388 Serial 2959
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Author (down) Anastasiou, I.; Van Velthoven, N.; Tomarelli, E.; Lombi, A.; Lanari, D.; Liu, P.; Bals, S.; De Vos, D.E.; Vaccaro, L.
Title C2-H arylation of indoles catalyzed by palladium-containing metal-organic-framework in γ-valerolactone Type A1 Journal article
Year 2020 Publication Chemsuschem Abbreviated Journal Chemsuschem
Volume 13 Issue 10 Pages
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract An efficient and selective procedure was developed for the direct C2-H arylation of indoles using a Pd-loaded metal-organic framework (MOF) as a heterogeneous catalyst and the nontoxic biomass-derived solvent gamma-valerolactone (GVL) as a reaction medium. The developed method allows for excellent yields and C-2 selectivity to be achieved and tolerates various substituents on the indole scaffold. The established conditions ensure the stability of the catalyst as well as recoverability, reusability, and low metal leaching into the solution.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000520285700001 Publication Date 2020-02-15
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1864-5631 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 8.4 Times cited 22 Open Access Not_Open_Access
Notes ; The research leading to these results has received funding from the NMBP-01-2016 Programme of the European Union's Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020/2014-2020/under grant agreement no [720996]. The Universit degli Studi di Perugia and MIUR are acknowledged for financial support to the project AMIS, through the program “Dipartimenti di Eccellenza -2018-2022”. The XAS experiments were performed on beamline BM26A at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Grenoble (France). We are grateful to D. Banerjee at the ESRF for providing assistance in using beamline BM26A. Niels Van Velthoven and Dirk E. De Vos also thank FWO for funding. ; Approved Most recent IF: 8.4; 2020 IF: 7.226
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:167678 Serial 6465
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Author (down) Amini, M.N.; Altantzis, T.; Lobato, I.; Grzelczak, M.; Sánchez-Iglesias, A.; Van Aert, S.; Liz-Marzán, L.M.; Partoens, B.; Bals, S.; Neyts, E.C.
Title Understanding the Effect of Iodide Ions on the Morphology of Gold Nanorods Type A1 Journal article
Year 2018 Publication Particle and particle systems characterization Abbreviated Journal Part Part Syst Char
Volume 35 Issue 35 Pages 1800051
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Condensed Matter Theory (CMT); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract The presence of iodide ions during the growth of gold nanorods strongly affects the shape of the final products, which is proposed to be due to selective iodide adsorption on certain crystallographic facets. Therefore, a detailed structural and morphological characterization of the starting rods is crucial toward understanding this effect. Electron tomography is used to determine the crystallographic indices of the lateral facets of gold nanorods, as well as those present at the tips. Based on this information, density functional theory calculations are used to determine the surface and interface energies of the observed facets and provide insight into the relationship between the amount of iodide ions in the growth solution and the final morphology of anisotropic gold nanoparticles.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000441893400002 Publication Date 2018-06-10
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0934-0866 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 4.474 Times cited 6 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes This work was supported by the European Research Council (grant 335078 COLOURATOM to S.B.). T.A., S.V.A. S.B. and E.C.N., acknowledge funding from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium), through project funding (G.0218.14N and G.0369.15N) and a postdoctoral grant to T.A. L.M.L.-M. and M.G. acknowledge funding from the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (grant MAT2013-46101-R). Mozhgan N. Amini and Thomas Altantzis contributed equally to this work. (ROMEO:yellow; preprint:; postprint:restricted ; pdfversion:cannot); ecas_sara Approved Most recent IF: 4.474
Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:152998UA @ admin @ c:irua:152998 Serial 5010
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Author (down) Altantzis, T.; Zanaga, D.; Bals, S.
Title Advanced electron tomography of nanoparticle assemblies Type A1 Journal article
Year 2017 Publication Europhysics letters Abbreviated Journal Epl-Europhys Lett
Volume 119 Issue 119 Pages 38001
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract Nanoparticle assemblies have attracted enormous scientific interest during the last

years, due to their unique properties compared to those of their building blocks. To understand

the origin of these properties and to establish the connection with their structure, a detailed and

quantitative structural characterization is essential. Transmission electron microscopy has been

widely used to investigate nano-assemblies. However, TEM images only correspond to a twodimensional

projection of a three-dimensional object. Therefore, in order to obtain the necessary

3D structural information electron tomography has to be applied. By means of advanced electron

tomography, both qualitative and quantitative information can be obtained, which can be used

for detailed theoretical studies.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000415019400023 Publication Date 2017-10-12
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0295-5075 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 1.957 Times cited 8 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes We would like to thank the colleagues who have contributed to this work over the years, including L. M. Liz- Marzan, M. Grzelczak, A. Sanchez-Iglesias, D. Vanmaekelbergh, M. P. Boneschanscher, W. H. Evers, J. J. Geuchies, B. Goris, A. de Backer, S. van Aert, M.-P. Pileni, Z. Yang, K. J. Batenburg, J. Sijbers, F. Bleichrodt, W. J. Palenstijn, A. van Blaaderen, M. A. van Huis, F. M. Peeters, N. Winckelmans and D. Wang. The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the Research Foundation Flanders (G.0381.16N, G.036915 G.0374.13 and funding of a postdoctoral grant to TA). SB and DZ acknowledge funding from the European Research Council, ERC grant No. 335078 – Colouratom. (ROMEO:green; preprint:; postprint:can ; pdfversion:cannot); saraecas; ECAS_Sara; Approved Most recent IF: 1.957
Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:146096UA @ admin @ c:irua:146096 Serial 4733
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Author (down) Altantzis, T.; Yang, Z.; Bals, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Pileni, M.-P.
Title Thermal Stability of CoAu13Binary Nanoparticle Superlattices under the Electron Beam Type A1 Journal article
Year 2016 Publication Chemistry of materials Abbreviated Journal Chem Mater
Volume 28 Issue 28 Pages 716-719
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract One primary goal of self-assembly in nanoscale regime is to implement multifunctional binary nanoparticle superlattices into practical use. In the last decade, considerable effort has been put into the fabrication of binary nanoparticle superlattices with controllable structure and stoichiometry. However, limited effort has been made in order to improve the stability of these binary nanoparticle superlattices, which is a prerequisite for their potential application. In this work, we demonstrate that the carbon deposition from specimen contamination can play an auxiliary role during the heat treatment of binary nanoparticle superlattices. With the in-situ carbon matrix formation, the thermal stability of CoAu 13 binary nanoparticle superlattices is unambiguously enhanced.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000370112200007 Publication Date 2016-01-20
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0897-4756 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 9.466 Times cited 10 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes The research leading to these results has been supported by an Advanced Grant of the European Research Council under Grant 267129. The authors appreciate financial support by theEuropean Union under the Framework 7 program under a contract for an Integrated Infrastructure Initiative (Reference No. 262348 ESMI). S.B. acknowledges funding from ERC Starting Grant COLOURATOMS (335078).; ECAS_Sara; (ROMEO:white; preprint:; postprint:restricted 12 months embargo; pdfversion:cannot); Approved Most recent IF: 9.466
Call Number c:irua:131908 Serial 4040
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Author (down) Altantzis, T.; Wang, D.; Kadu, A.; van Blaaderen, A.; Bals, S.
Title Optimized 3D Reconstruction of Large, Compact Assemblies of Metallic Nanoparticles Type A1 Journal article
Year 2021 Publication Journal Of Physical Chemistry C Abbreviated Journal J Phys Chem C
Volume 125 Issue 47 Pages 26240-26246
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT)
Abstract 3D characterization of assemblies of nanoparticles is of great importance to determine their structure-property connection. Such investigations become increasingly more challenging when the assemblies become larger and more compact. In this paper, we propose an optimized approach for electron tomography to minimize artefacts related to beam broadening in High Angle Annular Dark-Field Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy mode. These artefacts are typically present at one side of the reconstructed 3D data set for thick nanoparticle assemblies. To overcome this problem, we propose a procedure in which two tomographic tilt series of the same sample are acquired. After acquiring the first series, the sample is flipped over 180o, and a second tilt series is acquired. By merging the two reconstructions, blurring in the reconstructed volume is minimized. Next, this approach is combined with an advanced three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm yielding quantitative structural information. Here, the approach is applied to a thick and compact assembly of spherical Au nanoparticles, but the methodology can we used to investigate a broad range of samples.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000752810100031 Publication Date 2021-12-02
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1932-7447 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 4.536 Times cited 4 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes This work was supported by the European Research Council (grant No. 815128−REALNANO to S.B.). T.A. acknowledges the University of Antwerp Research fund (BOF). D.W. and A.v.B. acknowledge partial financial support from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP-2007-2013)/ERC Advanced Grant Agreement 291667 HierarSACol. D.W. acknowledges an Individual Fellowship funded by the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) in Horizon 2020 program (grant 894254 SuprAtom).; sygmaSB Approved Most recent IF: 4.536
Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:185224 Serial 6904
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Author (down) Altantzis, T.; Lobato, I.; De Backer, A.; Béché, A.; Zhang, Y.; Basak, S.; Porcu, M.; Xu, Q.; Sánchez-Iglesias, A.; Liz-Marzán, L.M.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Van Aert, S.; Bals, S.
Title Three-Dimensional Quantification of the Facet Evolution of Pt Nanoparticles in a Variable Gaseous Environment Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication Nano letters Abbreviated Journal Nano Lett
Volume 19 Issue 19 Pages 477-481
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract Pt nanoparticles play an essential role in a wide variety of catalytic reactions. The activity of the particles strongly depends on their three-dimensional (3D) structure and exposed facets, as well as on the reactive environment. High-resolution electron microscopy has often been used to characterize nanoparticle catalysts but unfortunately most observations so far have been either performed in vacuum and/or using conventional (2D) in situ microscopy. The latter however does not provide direct 3D morphological information. We have implemented a quantitative methodology to measure variations of the 3D atomic structure of nanoparticles under the flow of a selected gas. We were thereby able to quantify refaceting of Pt nanoparticles with atomic resolution during various oxidation−reduction cycles. In a H2 environment, a more faceted surface morphology of the particles was observed with {100} and {111} planes being dominant. On the other hand, in O2 the percentage of {100} and {111} facets decreased and a significant increase of higher order facets was found, resulting in a more rounded morphology. This methodology opens up new opportunities toward in situ characterization of catalytic nanoparticles because for the first time it enables one to directly measure 3D morphology variations at the atomic scale in a specific gaseous reaction environment.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000455561300061 Publication Date 2019-01-09
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1530-6984 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 12.712 Times cited 82 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes This work was supported by the European Research Council (Grant 335078 COLOURATOM to S.B. and Grant 770887 PICOMETRICS to S.V.A.). The authors acknowledge funding from the European Commission Grant (EUSMI 731019 to S.B., L.M.L.-M., and Q.X. and MUMMERING 765604 to S.B. and Q.X.). The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through project fundings (G.0368.15N, G.0369.15N, and G.0267.18N), postdoctoral grants to T.A. and A.D.B, and an FWO [PEGASUS]2 Marie Sklodowska-Curie fellowship to Y.Z. (12U4917N). L.M.L.-M. acknowledges funding from the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Grant MAT2017-86659-R). We gratefully acknowledge the support of NVIDIA Corporation with the donation of the Titan X Pascal GPU used for this research. ecas_sara Realnano 815128; sygma Approved Most recent IF: 12.712
Call Number EMAT @ emat @UA @ admin @ c:irua:156390 Serial 5150
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Author (down) Altantzis, T.; Goris, B.; Sánchez-Iglesias, A.; Grzelczak, M.; Liz-Marzán, L.M.; Bals, S.
Title Quantitative structure determination of large three-dimensional nanoparticle assemblies Type A1 Journal article
Year 2013 Publication Particle and particle systems characterization Abbreviated Journal Part Part Syst Char
Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 84-88
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract Thumbnail image of graphical abstract To investigate nanoassemblies in three dimensions, electron tomography is an important tool. For large nanoassemblies, it is not straightforward to obtain quantitative results in three dimensions. An optimized acquisition technique, incoherent bright field scanning transmission electron microscopy, is combined with an advanced 3D reconstruction algorithm. The approach is applied to quantitatively analyze large nanoassemblies in three dimensions.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Weinheim Editor
Language Wos 000310806000008 Publication Date 2012-11-07
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0934-0866; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 4.474 Times cited 23 Open Access
Notes Goa; Fwo; 267867 Plasmaquo; 262348 Esmi Approved Most recent IF: 4.474; 2013 IF: 0.537
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:101776 Serial 2763
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Author (down) Altantzis, T.; Coutino-Gonzalez, E.; Baekelant, W.; Martinez, G.T.; Abakumov, A.M.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Roeffaers, M.B.J.; Bals, S.; Hofkens, J.
Title Direct Observation of Luminescent Silver Clusters Confined in Faujasite Zeolites Type A1 Journal article
Year 2016 Publication ACS nano Abbreviated Journal Acs Nano
Volume 10 Issue 10 Pages 7604-7611
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract One of the ultimate goals in the study of metal clusters is the correlation between the atomic-scale organization and their physicochemical properties. However, direct observation of the atomic organization of such minuscule metal clusters is heavily hindered by radiation damage imposed by the different characterization techniques. We present direct evidence of the structural arrangement, at an atomic level, of luminescent silver species stabilized in faujasite (FAU) zeolites using aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy. Two different silver clusters were identified in Ag-FAU zeolites, a trinuclear silver species associated with green emission and a tetranuclear silver species related to yellow emission. By combining direct imaging with complementary information obtained from X-ray powder diffraction and Rietveld analysis, we were able to elucidate the main differences at an atomic scale between luminescent (heat-treated) and nonluminescent (cation-exchanged) Ag-FAU zeolites. It is expected that such insights will trigger the directed synthesis of functional metal nanocluster-zeolite composites with tailored luminescent properties.
Address RIES, Hokkaido University , N20W10, Kita-Ward Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Wos 000381959100043 Publication Date 2016-07-08
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1936-0851 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 13.942 Times cited 57 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Belgian Federal government (Belspo through the IAP-VI/27 and IAP-VII/05 programs), the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013 under grant agreement no. 310651 SACS and no. 312483-ESTEEM2), the Flemish government in the form of long-term structural funding “Methusalem” grant METH/15/04 CASAS2, the Hercules foundation (HER/11/14), the “Strategisch Initiatief Materialen” SoPPoM program, and the Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO) grants G.0349.12 and G.0B39.15. S.B. acknowledges funding from ERC Starting Grant COLOURATOMS (335078). The authors thank Prof. S. Van Aert for helpful discussions, Dr. T. De Baerdemaeker for XRD measurements, Mr. B. Dieu for the preparation of graphical material, and UOP Antwerp for the kind donation of zeolite samples.; esteem2jra4; ECASSara; (ROMEO:white; preprint:; postprint:restricted 12 months embargo; pdfversion:cannot); Approved Most recent IF: 13.942
Call Number c:irua:134576 c:irua:134576 Serial 4102
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Author (down) Albrecht, W.; Van Aert, S.; Bals, S.
Title Three-Dimensional Nanoparticle Transformations Captured by an Electron Microscope Type A1 Journal article
Year 2021 Publication Accounts Of Chemical Research Abbreviated Journal Accounts Chem Res
Volume 54 Issue 5 Pages 1189-1199
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000626269900011 Publication Date 2021-03-02
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0001-4842 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 20.268 Times cited 12 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes The authors acknowledge funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (ERC Consolidator Grants No. 815128–REALNANO and No. 770887–PICOMETRICS), the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, G.0267.18N), and the European Commission (EUSMI). The authors furthermore acknowledge funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, ESTEEM3. The authors also acknowledge contributions from all co-workers that have contributed over the years: Thomas Altantzis, Annick De Backer, Joost Batenburg and co-workers, Armand Béché, Eva Bladt, Lewys Jones and co-workers, Luis Liz-Marzán and co-workers, Ivan Lobato, Thais Milagres de Oliveira, Peter Nellist and co-workers, Hugo Pérez Garza and co-workers, Alexander Skorikov, Sara Skrabalak and co-workers, Sandra Van Aert, Alfons van Blaaderen and co-workers, Hans Vanrompay, Staf Van Tendeloo, and Johan Verbeeck.; sygmaSB; Approved Most recent IF: 20.268
Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:177644 Serial 6752
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Author (down) Albrecht, W.; Goris, B.; Bals, S.; Hutter, E.M.; Vanmaekelbergh, D.; van Huis, M.A.; van Blaaderen, A.
Title Morphological and chemical transformations of single silica-coated CdSe/CdS nanorods upon fs-laser excitation Type A1 Journal article
Year 2017 Publication Nanoscale Abbreviated Journal Nanoscale
Volume 9 Issue 9 Pages 4810-4818
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract Radiation-induced modifications of nanostructures are of fundamental interest and constitute a viable out-of-equilibrium approach to the development of novel nanomaterials. Herein, we investigated the structural transformation of silica-coated CdSe/CdS nanorods (NRs) under femtosecond (fs) illumination. By comparing the same nanorods before and after illumination with different fluences we found that the silica-shell did not only enhance the stability of the NRs but that the confinement of the NRs also led to novel morphological and chemical transformations. Whereas uncoated CdSe/CdS nanorods were found to sublimate under such excitations the silica-coated nanorods broke into fragments which deformed towards a more spherical shape. Furthermore, CdS decomposed which led to the formation of metallic Cd, confirmed by high-resolution electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), whereby an epitaxial interface with the remaining CdS lattice was formed. Under electron beam exposure similar transformations were found to take place which we followed in situ.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Cambridge Editor
Language Wos 000398954800022 Publication Date 2017-03-23
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2040-3364 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 7.367 Times cited 4 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes ; The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Research Council under the European Unions Seventh Framework Programme (FP-2007-2013)/ERC Advanced Grant Agreement 291667 HierarSACol. The authors furthermore acknowledge financial support from the European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant 335078-COLOURATOMS and ERC Consolidator Grant 683076 NANO-INSITU). The authors also appreciate financial support from the European Union under the Seventh Framework Program (Integrated Infrastructure Initiative No. 262348 European Soft Matter Infrastructure, ESMI). This work was supported by the Flemish Fund for Scientific Research (FWO Vlaanderen) through a postdoctoral research grant to B. G. The authors furthermore thank Dave J. van den Heuvel and Hans C. Gerritsen for use of the Thorlabs powermeter. We furthermore thank Ernest van der Wee for the simulation of the confocal point spread functions. ; ecas_sara Approved Most recent IF: 7.367
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:142384UA @ admin @ c:irua:142384 Serial 4670
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Author (down) Albrecht, W.; Deng, T.-S.; Goris, B.; van Huis, M.A.; Bals, S.; van Blaaderen, A.
Title Single Particle Deformation and Analysis of Silica-Coated Gold Nanorods before and after Femtosecond Laser Pulse Excitation Type A1 Journal article
Year 2016 Publication Nano letters Abbreviated Journal Nano Lett
Volume 16 Issue 16 Pages 1818-1825
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract We performed single particle deformation experiments on silica-coated gold nanorods under femtosecond (fs) illumination. Changes in the particle shape were analyzed by electron microscopy and associated changes in the plasmon resonance by electron energy loss spectroscopy. Silica-coated rods were found to be more stable compared to uncoated rods but could still be deformed via an intermediate bullet-like shape for silica shell thicknesses of 14 nm. Changes in the size ratio of the rods after fs-illumination resulted in blue-shifting of the longitudinal plasmon resonances. Two-dimensional spatial mapping of the plasmon resonances revealed that the flat side of the bullet-like particles showed a less pronounced longitudinal plasmonic electric field enhancement. These findings were confirmed by finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations. Furthermore, at higher laser fluences size reduction of the particles was found as well as for particles that were not completely deformed yet.
Address Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University , Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Wos 000371946300045 Publication Date 2016-02-12
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1530-6984 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 12.712 Times cited 55 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes We thank Dr. Nicolas Gauquelin for his assistance during the EELS measurements and Thomas Atlantzis for the high-resolution images of the gold clusters. We furthermore thank Ernest van der Wee for the simulation of the confocal point spread functions. The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Research Council under the European Unions Seventh Framework Programme (FP-2007-2013)/ERC Advanced Grant Agreement #291667 HierarSACol and the Foundation of Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM), which is part of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). The authors furthermore acknowledge financial support from European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant #335078-COLOURATOMS). The authors also appreciate financial support from the European Union under the Seventh Framework Program (Integrated Infrastructure Initiative N. 262348 European Soft Matter Infrastructure, ESMI). This work was supported by the Flemish Fund for Scientific Research (FWO Vlaanderen) through a postdoctoral research grant to B.G.; ECAS_Sara; (ROMEO:white; preprint:; postprint:restricted 12 months embargo; pdfversion:cannot); Approved Most recent IF: 12.712
Call Number c:irua:131924 c:irua:131924 Serial 4016
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Author (down) Albrecht, W.; Bladt, E.; Vanrompay, H.; Smith, J.D.; Skrabalak, S.E.; Bals, S.
Title Thermal Stability of Gold/Palladium Octopods Studied in Situ in 3D: Understanding Design Rules for Thermally Stable Metal Nanoparticles Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication ACS nano Abbreviated Journal Acs Nano
Volume 13 Issue 13 Pages 6522-6530
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract Multifunctional metal nanoparticles (NPs) such as anisotropic multimetallic NPs are crucial for boosting nanomaterial based applications. Advanced synthetic protocols exist to make a large variety of such nanostructures. However, a major limiting factor for the usability of them in real life applications is their stability. Here, we show that Au/Pd octopods, 8-branched nanocrystals with Oh symmetry, with only a low amount of Pd exhibited a high thermal stability and maintained strong plasmon resonances up to 600 ◦C. Furthermore, we study the influence of the composition, morphology and environment on the thermal stability and define key parameters for the design of thermally stable multifunctional NPs.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000473248300038 Publication Date 2019-06-25
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1936-0851 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 13.942 Times cited 46 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes W. A. acknowledges an Individual Fellowship funded by the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) in Horizon 2020. H. V. acknowledges financial support by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO grant 1S32617N). E. B. acknowledges a post-doctoral grant from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium). J. D. S. and S.E.S acknowledge funding from the US National Science Foundation (award number: CHE-1602476). The authors acknowledge funding from the European Commission Grant (EUSMI E180600101 to S. B. and S. E. S.) and European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant #335078-COLOURATOMS). Realnano 815128; sygma Approved Most recent IF: 13.942
Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:161356 Serial 5285
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Author (down) Albrecht, W.; Bals, S.
Title Fast Electron Tomography for Nanomaterials Type A1 Journal article
Year 2020 Publication Journal Of Physical Chemistry C Abbreviated Journal J Phys Chem C
Volume Issue Pages acs.jpcc.0c08939
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract Electron tomography (ET) has become a well-established technique to visualize nanomaterials in three dimensions. A vast richness in information can be gained by ET, but the conventional acquisition of a tomography series is an inherently slow process on the order of 1 h. The slow acquisition limits the applicability of ET for monitoring dynamic processes or visualizing nanoparticles, which are sensitive to the electron beam. In this Perspective, we summarize recent work on the development of emerging experimental and computational schemes to enhance the data acquisition process. We particularly focus on the application of these fast ET techniques for beam-sensitive materials and highlight insight into dynamic transformations of nanoparticles under external stimuli, which could be gained by fast in situ ET. Moreover, we discuss challenges and possible solutions for simultaneously increasing the speed and quality of fast ET.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000608876900003 Publication Date 2020-11-27
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1932-7447 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.7 Times cited 26 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes H2020 Research Infrastructures, 823717 ; H2020 European Research Council, 815128 ; The authors acknowledge funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (ERC Consolidator Grant No. 815128-REALNANO) and the European Commission (EUSMI). The authors furthermore acknowledge funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, ESTEEM3. The authors also acknowledge contributions from all co-workers that have contributed over the years: J. Batenburg and co-workers, A. Béché, E. Bladt, L. Liz-Marzán and co-workers, H. Pérez Garza and co-workers, A. Skorikov, S. Skrabalak and co-workers, S. Van Aert, A. van Blaaderen and co-workers, H. Vanrompay, and J. Verbeeck.; sygma Approved Most recent IF: 3.7; 2020 IF: 4.536
Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:173965 Serial 6656
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Author (down) Albrecht, W.; Arslan Irmak, E.; Altantzis, T.; Pedrazo‐Tardajos, A.; Skorikov, A.; Deng, T.‐S.; van der Hoeven, J.E.S.; van Blaaderen, A.; Van Aert, S.; Bals, S.
Title 3D Atomic‐Scale Dynamics of Laser‐Light‐Induced Restructuring of Nanoparticles Unraveled by Electron Tomography Type A1 Journal article
Year 2021 Publication Advanced Materials Abbreviated Journal Adv Mater
Volume Issue Pages 2100972
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT)
Abstract Understanding light–matter interactions in nanomaterials is crucial for

optoelectronic, photonic, and plasmonic applications. Specifically, metal

nanoparticles (NPs) strongly interact with light and can undergo shape

transformations, fragmentation and ablation upon (pulsed) laser excitation.

Despite being vital for technological applications, experimental insight into

the underlying atomistic processes is still lacking due to the complexity of

such measurements. Herein, atomic resolution electron tomography is performed

on the same mesoporous-silica-coated gold nanorod, before and after

femtosecond laser irradiation, to assess the missing information. Combined

with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations based on the experimentally

determined 3D atomic-scale morphology, the complex atomistic rearrangements,

causing shape deformations and defect generation, are unraveled.

These rearrangements are simultaneously driven by surface diffusion, facet

restructuring, and strain formation, and are influenced by subtleties in the

atomic distribution at the surface.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000671662000001 Publication Date 2021-07-11
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0935-9648 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 19.791 Times cited 8 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes W.A. and E.A.I. contributed equally to this work. The authors acknowledge funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (ERC Consolidator Grants No. 815128 – REALNANO and No. 770887 – PICOMETRICS), the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (ERC Advanced Grant No. 291667 – HierarSACol), and the European Commission (EUSMI). W.A. acknowledges an Individual Fellowship funded by the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) in the Horizon2020 program (Grant 797153, SOPMEN). T.-S.D. acknowledges financial support from the National Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Grant No. 61905056). The authors also acknowledge financial support by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO Grant G.0267.18N).; sygmaSB Approved Most recent IF: 19.791
Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:179781 Serial 6805
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Author (down) Alania, M.; Altantzis, T.; De Backer, A.; Lobato, I.; Bals, S.; Van Aert, S.
Title Depth sectioning combined with atom-counting in HAADF STEM to retrieve the 3D atomic structure Type A1 Journal article
Year 2016 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy
Volume 177 Issue 177 Pages 36-42
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract Aberration correction in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has greatly improved the lateral and depth resolution. When using depth sectioning, a technique during which a series of images is recorded at different defocus values, single impurity atoms can be visualised in three dimensions. In this paper, we investigate new possibilities emerging when combining depth sectioning and precise atom-counting in order to reconstruct nanosized particles in three dimensions. Although the depth resolution does not allow one to precisely locate each atom within an atomic column, it will be shown that the depth location of an atomic column as a whole can be measured precisely. In this manner, the morphology of a nanoparticle can be reconstructed in three dimensions. This will be demonstrated using simulations and experimental data of a gold nanorod.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000401219800006 Publication Date 2016-11-09
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0304-3991 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 13 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Union under the Seventh Framework Program under a contract for an Integrated Infrastructure Initiative. Reference No. 312483-ESTEEM2. S. Bals acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (Starting Grant No. COLOURATOMS 335078). The authors acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through project fundings (G.0374.13N, G.0369.15N and G.0368.15N) and a post-doctoral grant to A. De Backer and T. Altantzis. The authors are grateful to Professor Luis M. Liz-Marzán for providing the sample.; ECAS_Sara; (ROMEO:green; preprint:; postprint:can ; pdfversion:cannot); Approved Most recent IF: 2.843
Call Number EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:138015UA @ admin @ c:irua:138015 Serial 4316
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Author (down) Akkerman, Q.A.; Bladt, E.; Petralanda, U.; Dang, Z.; Sartori, E.; Baranov, D.; Abdelhady, A.L.; Infante, I.; Bals, S.; Manna, L.
Title Fully inorganic Ruddlesden-Popper double CI-I and triple CI-Br-I lead halide perovskite nanocrystals Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication Chemistry of materials Abbreviated Journal Chem Mater
Volume 31 Issue 31 Pages 2182-2190
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract The vast majority of lead halide perovskite (LHP) nanocrystals (NCs) are currently based on either a single halide composition (CsPbCl3, CsPbBr3, and CsPbI3) or an alloyed mixture of bromide with either Cl- or I- [i.e., CsPb(Br:Cl)(3) or CsPb(Br:I)(3)]. In this work, we present the synthesis as well as a detailed optical and structural study of two halide alloying cases that have not previously been reported for LHP NCs: Cs2PbI2Cl2 NCs and triple halide CsPb(Cl:Br:I)(3) NCs. In the case of Cs2PbI2Cl2, we observe for the first time NCs with a fully inorganic Ruddlesden-Popper phase (RPP) crystal structure. Unlike the well-explored organic-inorganic RPP, here, the RPP formation is triggered by the size difference between the halide ions. These NCs exhibit a strong excitonic absorption, albeit with a weak photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). In the case of the triple halide CsPb(Cl:Br:I)(3) composition, the NCs comprise a CsPbBr2Cl perovskite crystal lattice with only a small amount of incorporated iodide, which segregates at RPP planes' interfaces within the CsPb(Cl:Br:I)(3) NCs. Supported by density functional theory calculations and postsynthetic surface treatments to enhance the PLQY, we show that the combination of iodide segregation and defective RPP interfaces are most likely linked to the strong PL quenching observed in these nanostructures. In summary, this work demonstrates the limits of halide alloying in LHP NCs because a mixture that contains halide ions of very different sizes leads to the formation of defective RPP interfaces and a severe quenching of LHP NC's optical properties.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000462950400038 Publication Date 2019-03-04
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0897-4756 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 9.466 Times cited 58 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes ; Q.A.A. and L.M. acknowledge funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement no. 614897 (ERC Consolidator Grant “TRANS-NANO”). The work of D.B. was supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 794560. E.B. and S.B. acknowledge funding from the Research Foundation Flanders (G.038116N, G.03691, and funding of a postdoctoral grant to E.B.). I.I. acknowledges The Netherlands Organization of Scientific Research (NWO) for financial support through the Innovational Research Incentive (Vidi) Scheme (grant no. 723.013.002). The computational work was carried out on the Dutch national e-infrastructure with the support of the SURF Cooperative. ; Approved Most recent IF: 9.466
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:159414 Serial 5250
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Author (down) Aerts, A.; Follens, L.R.A.; Biermans, E.; Bals, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Loppinet, B.; Kirschhock, C.E.A.; Martens, J.A.
Title Modelling of synchrotron SAXS patterns of silicalite-1 zeolite during crystallization Type A1 Journal article
Year 2011 Publication Physical chemistry, chemical physics Abbreviated Journal Phys Chem Chem Phys
Volume 13 Issue 10 Pages 4318-4325
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract Synchrotron small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) was used to characterize silicalite-1 zeolite crystallization from TEOS/TPAOH/water clear sol. SAXS patterns were recorded over a broad range of length scales, enabling the simultaneous monitoring of nanoparticles and crystals occurring at various stages of the synthesis. A simple two-population model accurately described the patterns. Nanoparticles were modeled by polydisperse coreshell spheres and crystals by monodisperse oblate ellipsoids. These models were consistent with TEM images. The SAXS results, in conjunction with in situ light scattering, showed that nucleation of crystals occurred in a short period of time. Crystals were uniform in size and shape and became increasingly anisotropic during growth. In the presence of nanoparticles, crystal growth was fast. During crystal growth, the number of nanoparticles decreased gradually but their size was constant. These observations suggested that the nanoparticles were growth units in an aggregative crystal growth mechanism. Crystals grown in the presence of nanoparticles developed a faceted habit and intergrowths. In the final stages of growth, nanoparticles were depleted. Concurrently, the crystal growth rate decreased significantly.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Cambridge Editor
Language Wos 000287584700017 Publication Date 2011-01-24
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1463-9076;1463-9084; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 4.123 Times cited 22 Open Access
Notes Fwo; Iap; Esteem 026019 Approved Most recent IF: 4.123; 2011 IF: 3.573
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:87602 Serial 2155
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