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Author |
Van Echelpoel, R. |
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Title |
Making an impact with voltammetric illicit drug sensors : bridging the gap between fundamental lab research and on-site application |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
xxviii, 194 p. |
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Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Pharmacology. Therapy; Engineering sciences. Technology; Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab) |
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Abstract  |
Illicit drugs are harmful substances, posing a threat to the health and safety of society. Policies, such as supply reduction and harm reduction, are in place to combat the illicit drug problem. Science can play a substantial role in this fight, by providing tools that enable these policies to be successfully enforced. One example are on-site detection tools, i.e. sensors that allow the on-site identification of an illicit drug in a sample of interest. Several technologies, such as color tests and portable spectroscopic techniques, are currently employed for this goal. Although these are valuable techniques, there is an opportunity for voltammetry, an electrochemical technique, to make an impactful addition to this repertoire of on-site detection tools. Despite its attractive features (low-cost, portable, short analysis time, indifference to color,...), voltammetric illicit drug sensor have failed to make an impact in real scenarios. The work outlined in this PhD thesis aims to change this by bringing the technology from the lab to the field. Strategic choices, fueled by feedback from end-users, were made to further develop those specific aspects of the technology that previously haltered the technology to fulfill its potential. A detection algorithm was introduced that converts the voltammetric output into a clear-cut interpretation thereof, opening up the technology to end-users without prior knowledge of the technology. A sensor that allows qualitative and quantitative detection of the psychoactive drug MDMA was introduced, and importantly, validated on a large set of 212 confiscated samples. A state-of-the art mobile application and adequate sampling methodology were developed, alongside other, often more practical studies and product developments, to evolve the technology into a product that truly creates value for end-users. Important steps towards multidrug detection were made with a festival sensor and a flowchart based on visual appearance that ties together a variety of voltammetric single sensors into a single multidrug sensing approach. Last but not least, multiple valorization aspects were researched, including a market study and an analysis to determine the optimal commercialization strategy. Overall, this PhD thesis has facilitated the transition of the voltammetric illicit drug sensing technology from lab to on-site application. The final application creates value for end-users, and is ready to make an impact in real on-site scenarios. |
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ISBN |
987-90-5728-534-7 |
Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:200601 |
Serial |
9055 |
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Author |
Joosten, F.; Parrilla, M.; van Nuijs, A.L.N.; Ozoemena, K.Id; De Wael, K. |
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Title |
Electrochemical detection of illicit drugs in oral fluid : potential for forensic drug testing |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Electrochimica acta |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
2022 |
Issue |
436 |
Pages |
141309-141315 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; Engineering sciences. Technology; Toxicological Centre; Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab) |
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Abstract |
Illicit drugs continue to pose a serious threat to society and public health. Drug (ab)use is linked to organised crime and violence. Therefore, to fight the so-called war on drugs, police and law enforcement agencies need to be equipped with accurate and efficient sensors for the detection of illicit drugs and drug use. Even though colour tests (for powders) and lateral flow immunoassays (for biological samples) lack accuracy, they are relied upon for fast and easy on-site detection. Alternatively, in recent years, there has been an increasing interest in electrochemical sensors as a promising technique for the rapid and accurate on-site detection of illicit drugs. While a myriad of literature exists on the use of electrochemical sensors for drug powder analysis, literature on their use for the detection of drug use in biological samples is scarce. To this end, this review presents an overview of strategies for the electrochemical detection of illicit drugs in oral fluid. First, pharmacokinetics of drugs in oral fluid and the legal limit dilemma regarding the analytical cut-offs for roadside drug detection tests are elaborated to present the reader with the background knowledge required to develop such a test. Subsequently, an overview of electrochemical strategies developed for the detection of illicit drugs in oral fluid is given. Importantly, key challenges to address in the development of roadside tests are highlighted to improve the design of the next electrochemical devices and to bring them to the field. Overall, electrochemical sensors for illicit drugs detection in oral fluid show promise to disrupt current strategies for roadside testing. |
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Wos |
000882442300001 |
Publication Date |
2022-10-13 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0013-4686 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:191107 |
Serial |
8855 |
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Author |
Dragan, A.-M.; Truta, F.M.; Tertis, M.; Florea, A.; Schram, J.; Cernat, A.; Feier, B.; De Wael, K.; Cristea, C.; Oprean, R. |
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Title |
Electrochemical fingerprints of illicit drugs on graphene and multi-walled carbon nanotubes |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Frontiers In Chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Front Chem |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
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Pages |
641147 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Illicit drugs use and abuse remains an increasing challenge for worldwide authorities and, therefore, it is important to have accurate methods to detect them in seized samples, biological fluids and wastewaters. They are recently classified as the latest group of emerging pollutants as their consumption increased tremendously in recent years. Nanomaterials have gained much attention over the last decade in the development of sensors for a myriad of applications. The applicability of these nanomaterials, functionalized or not, significantly increases and it is therefore highly suitable for use in the detection of illicit drugs. We have assessed the suitability of various nanoplatforms, such as graphene (GPH), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) for the electrochemical detection of illicit drugs. GPH and MWCNTs were chosen as the most suitable platforms and cocaine, 3,4-methylendioxymethamfetamine (MDMA), 3-methylmethcathinone (MMC) and alpha-pyrrolidinovalerophenone (PVP) were tested. Due to the hydrophobicity of the nanomaterials-based platforms which led to low signals, two strategies were followed namely, pretreatment of the electrodes in sulfuric acid by cyclic voltammetry and addition of Tween 20 to the detection buffer. Both strategies led to an increase in the oxidation signal of illicit drugs. Binary mixtures of illicit drugs with common adulterants found in street samples were also investigated. The proposed strategies allowed the sensitive detection of illicit drugs in the presence of most adulterants. The suitability of the proposed sensors for the detection of illicit drugs in spiked wastewaters was finally assessed. |
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Wos |
000634708900001 |
Publication Date |
2021-03-16 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2296-2646 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.994 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.994 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:177704 |
Serial |
7861 |
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Author |
Jochems, P.; Satyawali, Y.; Diels, L.; Dejonghe, W. |
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Title |
Enzyme immobilization on/in polymeric membranes : status, challenges and perspectives in biocatalytic membrane reactors (BMRs) |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Green chemistry : cutting-edge research for a greener sustainable future |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
13 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
1609-1623 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Immobilization of enzymes is beneficial in terms of improving the process economics by enabling enzyme re-use and enhancing overall productivity and robustness. Increasingly, membranes are thought to be good supports for enzyme immobilization. These resulting biocatalytic membranes are integrated in reactors known as biocatalytic membrane reactors (BMRs) which enable the integration of biocatalysis and separation. Often the available commercial membranes require modifications to make them suitable for enzyme immobilization. Different immobilization techniques can be used on such suitable membranes, but no general rules exist for making a choice between them. Despite the advantages of BMR application, there are some issues which need to be addressed in order to achieve up-scaling of such systems. In this review, the different aspects of enzyme immobilization on membranes are discussed to show the complexity of this interdisciplinary technology. In addition, the existing issues which require further investigation are highlighted. |
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Wos |
000292450600002 |
Publication Date |
2011-05-26 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1463-9262; 1463-9270 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:89567 |
Serial |
7930 |
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Author |
Nematollahi, P.; Ma, H.; Schneider, W.F.; Neyts, E.C. |
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Title |
DFT and microkinetic comparison of ru-doped porphyrin-like graphene and nanotubes toward catalytic formic acid decomposition and formation |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Journal Of Physical Chemistry C |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Phys Chem C |
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Volume |
125 |
Issue |
34 |
Pages |
18673-18683 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Abstract |
Immobilization of single metal atoms on a solid host opens numerous possibilities for catalyst designs. If that host is a two-dimensional sheet, sheet curvature becomes a design parameter potentially complementary to host and metal composition. Here, we use a combination of density functional theory calculations and microkinetic modeling to compare the mechanisms and kinetics of formic acid decomposition and formation, chosen for their relevance as a potential hydrogen storage medium, over single Ru atoms anchored to pyridinic nitrogen in a planar graphene flake (RuN4-G) and curved carbon nanotube (RuN4-CNT). Activation barriers are lowered and the predicted turnover frequencies are increased over RuN4-CNT relative to RuN4-CNT. The results highlight the potential of curvature control as a means to achieve high performance and robust catalysts. |
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Wos |
000693413400013 |
Publication Date |
2021-08-22 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1932-7447; 1932-7455 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
4.536 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.536 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:181538 |
Serial |
7805 |
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Author |
Satyawali, Y.; Van Roy, S.; Roevens, A.; Meynen, V.; Mullens, S.; Jochems, P.; Doyen, W.; Cauwenberghs, L.; Dejonghe, W. |
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Title |
Characterization and analysis of the adsorption immobilization mechanism of \beta-galactosidase on metal oxide powders |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
RSC advances |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
3 |
Issue |
46 |
Pages |
24054-24062 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Immobilization of the enzymes plays a vital role in enhancing their applicability in a wide range of applications, thus ensuring the use of sustainable enzymatic processes over the conventional chemical processes on an industrial scale. This study provides the background information for the selection and screening of inorganic metal oxide (MO) powders for their use as fillers in mixed matrix membranes for enzyme immobilization as the future aim. A total of 13 MOs, ranging in size from 0.01 μm to <5 μm, were tested for their performance as a support for enzyme (β-galactosidase) immobilization via adsorption. Alumina appeared to be the best performing MO with the amount and activity of the immobilized enzyme being 64 mg g−1 and up to 288 U g−1, respectively. The amount of immobilized enzyme on alumina (α-Al2O3 C and γ-Al2O3) was >3 times higher than ZrO2 (used as a reference MO in this study). Upon heat treatment at 900 °C, up to 15%, 52% and 42% decline was observed in the amount of immobilized enzyme in case of alumina metal oxides (MOs), ZrO2 and TiO2, respectively. The results suggested that both isoelectric point and surface area of the MO influence the immobilization. The most important observation in this study was that the bonding of the enzyme to the MO surface seems to be mediated by the bonding/interaction of the buffer to the enzyme. |
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Wos |
000326745100030 |
Publication Date |
2013-10-11 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2046-2069 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:111300 |
Serial |
7607 |
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Author |
Nematollahi, P.; Neyts, E.C. |
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Title |
Linking bi-metal distribution patterns in porous carbon nitride fullerene to its catalytic activity toward gas adsorption |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Nanomaterials |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nanomaterials-Basel |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
1794 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Abstract |
Immobilization of two single transition metal (TM) atoms on a substrate host opens numerous possibilities for catalyst design. If the substrate contains more than one vacancy site, the combination of TMs along with their distribution patterns becomes a design parameter potentially complementary to the substrate itself and the bi-metal composition. By means of DFT calculations, we modeled three dissimilar bi-metal atoms (Ti, Mn, and Cu) doped into the six porphyrin-like cavities of porous C24N24 fullerene, considering different bi-metal distribution patterns for each binary complex, viz. TixCuz@C24N24, TixMny@C24N24, and MnyCuz@C24N24 (with x, y, z = 0-6). We elucidate whether controlling the distribution of bi-metal atoms into the C24N24 cavities can alter their catalytic activity toward CO2, NO2, H-2, and N-2 gas capture. Interestingly, Ti2Mn4@C24N24 and Ti2Cu4@C24N24 complexes showed the highest activity and selectively toward gas capture. Our findings provide useful information for further design of novel few-atom carbon-nitride-based catalysts. |
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Wos |
000676140500001 |
Publication Date |
2021-07-09 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2079-4991 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.553 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.553 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:180372 |
Serial |
8174 |
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Author |
Barbiellini, B.; Kuriplach, J.; Saniz, R. |
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Title |
Study of rechargeable batteries using advanced spectroscopic and computational techniques |
Type |
Editorial |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Condensed Matter |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
26 |
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Keywords |
Editorial; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Improving the efficiency and longevity of energy storage systems based on Li- and Na-ion rechargeable batteries presents a major challenge. The main problems are essentially capacity loss and limited cyclability. These effects are due to a hierarchy of factors spanning various length and time scales, interconnected in a complex manner. As a consequence, and in spite of several decades of research, a proper understanding of the ageing process has remained somewhat elusive. In recent years, however, combinations of advanced spectroscopy techniques and first-principles simulations have been applied with success to tackle this problem. In this Special Issue, we are pleased to present a selection of articles that, by precisely applying these methods, unravel key aspects of the reduction-oxidation reaction and intercalation processes. Furthermore, the approaches presented provide improvements to standard diagnostic and characterisation techniques, enabling the detection of possible Li-ion flow bottlenecks causing the degradation of capacity and cyclability. |
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Wos |
000699368400001 |
Publication Date |
2021-07-26 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2410-3896 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:181630 |
Serial |
6890 |
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Author |
Caen, J.; Cagno, S.; Janssens, K. |
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Title |
The stained-glass panel depicting the anointing at Bethany : art historical research, technical analysis, and treatment |
Type |
H2 Book chapter |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
247-257 |
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Keywords |
H2 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES) |
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Abstract |
In 2008, Museum M in Louvain (Flanders, Belgium) acquired a panel depicting The Anointing at Bethany that is believed once to have adorned the citys former Charterhouse. The panel required conservation treatment, which was preceded by a thorough art-historical and technical examination. It emerged that comparable panels are kept at the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Riverside Church in New York. Chemical analyses show most of the glass in the panel to have a typical 16th century high-limelow-alkali composition. The conservation treatment was based on the evaluation of these findings and focused very strongly on enhancing the aesthetic balance for an improved reading of the panel. |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
978-90-8932-113-8 |
Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:114605 |
Serial |
5847 |
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Author |
Bjørnåvold, A.; David, M.; Mermet-Bijon, V.; Beaumais, O.; Crastes dit Sourd, R.; Van Passel, S.; Martinet, V. |
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Title |
To tax or to ban? A discrete choice experiment to elicit public preferences for phasing out glyphosate use in agriculture |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
PLoS ONE |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
18 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
1-12 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering Management (ENM) |
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Abstract |
In 2023, the European Union will vote on the reauthorization of glyphosate use, renewed in 2017 despite concern on impacts on the environment and public health. A ban is supported by several Member States but rejected by most farmers. What are citizens’ preferences to phase out glyphosate? To assess whether taxation could be an alternative to a ban, we conducted a discrete choice experiment in five European countries. Our results reveal that the general public is strongly willing to pay for a reduction in glyphosate use. However, while 75.5% of respondents stated to support a ban in the pre-experimental survey, experimental results reveal that in 73.35% of cases, earmarked taxation schemes are preferred when they lead to a strong reduction in glyphosate use for an increase in food price lower than that induced by a ban. When glyphosate reduction is balanced against its costs, a tax may be preferred. |
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Wos |
000985134400084 |
Publication Date |
2023-03-16 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1932-6203 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.7 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.7; 2023 IF: 2.806 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:196999 |
Serial |
9236 |
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Author |
Christis, M.; Geerken, T.; Vercalsteren, A.; Vrancken, K.C.M. |
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Title |
Improving footprint calculations of small open economies : combining local with multi-regional input-output tables |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Economic systems research |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
29 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
25-47 |
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| |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Economics; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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| |
Abstract |
In a small, open and resource-poor economy, import and export dependency have an ever-growing impact on local policy decisions, which makes local (environmental) policy-makers increasingly depend on global data. This increases the interest in models that link local production and consumption data to global production, trade and environmental data. The recent increase in availability of global environmentally extended multi-regional input-output tables (EE-MRIO tables) provides an opportunity to link them with existing local environmentally extended input-output tables (EE-RIO tables). These combined tables make it possible (1) to analyse the links between local and global production and consumption and (2) to study global value chains, material use and environmental impacts simultaneously. However, estimations using input-output (I-O) analyses contain errors due to imperfect databases. In this article the magnitude of specification, aggregation and time errors are estimated and compared. The results show the need to combine local datasets with multi-regional ones and show that highest detailed (country and sector levels) as well as time series of I-O tables are the way forward for using I-O analyses in local policy-making. The paper provides guidance on trading off investments in model adoption and/or extension and the reliability of estimation results. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000395062800002 |
Publication Date |
2016-11-01 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0953-5314 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:142012 |
Serial |
8071 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
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Author |
Leysen, L.A.; Roekens, E.J.; Storms, H.; Van Grieken, R.E. |
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| |
Title |
Classification of suspended particles in deposition samples and run-off water samples from a limestone cathedral |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
1987 |
Publication |
Atmospheric environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
21 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
2425-2433 |
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| |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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| |
Abstract |
In a study on the mechanism of the air-pollution induced deterioration of the limestone St. Rombouts cathedral in Mechelen, Belgium, automated electron-probe X-ray micro-analysis combined with multivariate analysis was used to characterize the suspension particles in run-off water and in local wet and dry deposition samples. Altogether about 10,000 individual particles were sized, analyzed and classified, according to their chemical composition. It was found that the run-off water samples were highly enriched in CaCO3 particles, resulting from the stone-erosion by overflowing rainwater, while the Si-rich group was the most abundant one in the deposition samples. Several other particle types were found. Ion chromatography analysis of the run-off water showed 2001700mg l−1 of sulphate and 20110mg l−1 of nitrate. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
2003-08-06 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| |
Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| |
ISSN |
0004-6981 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| |
Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116454 |
Serial |
7670 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
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Author |
Kummamuru, N.B. |
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| |
Title |
Methane and hydrogen storage in clathrate hydrates |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
| |
Year |
2024 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
XXV, 260 p. |
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| |
Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Engineering sciences. Technology; Antwerp engineering, PhotoElectroChemistry & Sensing (A-PECS) |
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| |
Abstract |
In a world increasingly reliant on alternative energy sources, the quest for efficient and secure storage solutions is paramount. This doctoral thesis explores the exciting potential of a familiar material – water – to act as a vault for next-generation energy sources like hydrogen (H2) and methane (CH4). Nature offers a solution in the form of clathrate hydrates, fascinating cage-like structures formed from water molecules that can trap these gas molecules within their framework. This research investigates on improving the formation kinetics and gas storage capabilities of clathrate hydrates utilizing porous materials and the interstitial space between non-porous materials to augment the contact between gas and water thereby catalysing the growth of hydrates and unlocking their full potential as efficient and secure energy storage reservoirs. A key outcome of this research is the formulation of an empirical correlation, offering predictive insights into CH4 hydrate phase equilibrium conditions. Innovative approaches utilizing thermally conductive beads have yielded substantial enhancements in CH4 uptake. Furthermore, the identification of optimal water content within porous materials showcases a pathway to maximize CH4 storage capacity and hydrate growth kinetics. In the domain of hydrogen storage, attention is also directed towards unstirred systems, where the integration of functionalized porous materials has demonstrated a significant improvement in the rate of hydrate formation and the overall H2 storage capacity. A noteworthy achievement of this research lies in the successful storage of H2 within confined CH4 hydrates through a gas exchange process and the preliminary results show the potential for safer and more sustainable method for H2 storage at mild thermodynamic conditions, offering promising prospects for future energy systems. |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| |
Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:206258 |
Serial |
9160 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
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Author |
Van Borman, W.; Wouters, L.; Van Grieken, R.; Adams, F. |
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| |
Title |
Lead particles in an urban atmosphere : an individual particle approach |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
1990 |
Publication |
The science of the total environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
90 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
55-66 |
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| |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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| |
Abstract |
In air particulate matter, sampled at a suburban site near the city of Antwerp, Belgium, more than 1500 individual Pb-containing aerosol particles with projected diameters between 0.2 and 15 μm were analyzed by automated electron probe X-ray micro analysis (EPXMA) for 26 elements and morphological features. Laser microprobe mass analysis (LAMMA) was used to detect elements with Z < 11, particularly ammonium compounds. The Pb-containing particles were classified into five main classes: Pb-sulfates, Pb-halides, soil related Pb, Pb associated with medium atomic number elements and Pb associated with high atomic number elements. Each class was divided into several distinct particle types, of which the abundance (in number and mass %), the mean projected particle diameter, and the chemical composition were determined. Auto exhaust products are responsible for Pb-sulfates and Pb-halides, making up respectively 66.7 and 27.8% by mass of the Pb-containing particles. Ammonium sulfate coatings were found to be present on nearly all Pb particles. The observations were correlated with daily concentrations of Pb and Br, obtained by particle induced X-ray emission analysis (PIXE). |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
A1990CJ43500005 |
Publication Date |
2003-09-12 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0048-9697; 1879-1026 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116651 |
Serial |
8169 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Geerts, R.; Vandermoere, F.; Halet, D.; Van Winckel, T.; Joos, P.; Van Den Steen, K.; Van Meenen, E.; Blust, R.; Vlaeminck, S.E. |
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Title |
Ik drink (geen) afval! Een exploratieve studie naar socio-demografische verschillen in publieke steun voor het hergebruik van afvalwater in Vlaanderen |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Vlaams tijdschrift voor overheidsmanagement |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
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Issue |
3 |
Pages |
51-69 |
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| |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sociology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL); Centre for Research on Environmental and Social Change |
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Abstract |
In een context van stijgende waterschaarste verkennen wij, naar ons weten voor het eerst in Vlaanderen, publieke steun voor de behandeling en het hergebruik van afvalwater als drinkwater. Vlaanderen is vandaag een van de weinige regio’s waar afvalwater reeds gerecycleerd wordt voor drinkwaterdoeleinden. Dit gebeurt op kleinschalig niveau en de uitbreiding hiervan is vandaag een van de Vlaamse beleidsdoelstellingen. Internationale voorbeelden toonden echter dat een gebrek aan publieke steun een aanzienlijk obstakel kan zijn. Vaak worden gezondheids- en veiligheidsbezorgdheden aangehaald als oorzaak voor het beperkte draagvlak. Minder is geweten over de socio-demografische distributie van dit draagvlak. Daarbovenop blijft er onduidelijkheid over de samenhang tussen socio-demografische kenmerken en gezondheids- en veiligheidsbezorgdheden. Met behulp van een enquête uitgevoerd in Vlaanderen (N=2309), bestudeerden wij ten eerste deze socio-demografische verschillen op basis van bivariate associaties (gender, opleidingsniveau, leeftijd en woonplaats). Ten tweede construeerden we een padmodel om te onderzoeken of deze verschillen verklaard kunnen worden aan de hand van gezondheids- en veiligheidsbezorgdheden. Onze resultaten toonden dat publieke steun voor afvalwaterhergebruik voor drinkwaterdoeleinden in Vlaanderen beperkt is. Het draagvlak was het laagst bij oudere mensen, vrouwen, lager geschoolde groepen en mensen die niet in de Provincie Antwerpen wonen. Voor een groot deel konden socio-demografische verschillen verklaard worden door hogere gezondheids- en veiligheidsbezorgdheden bij vrouwen, lager geschoolden en mensen uit West- en Oost-Vlaanderen. Dit suggereert een gebrek aan vertrouwen in waterexperts en -technologie bij bepaalde socio-demografische groepen, wat zich vertaalt in een verminderde publieke steun voor afvalwaterhergebruik. Op basis van deze bevindingen bespreken we een aantal potentiële actiestrategieën om publieke oppositie te anticiperen en proactief publieke steun te verwerven via doelgerichte (risico)communicatie. |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1373-0509 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:171478 |
Serial |
6541 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Van de Vijver, E.; Van Meirvenne, M.; Vandenhaute, L.; Delefortrie, S.; De Smedt, P.; Saey, T.; Seuntjens, P. |
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Title |
Urban soil exploration through multi-receiver electromagnetic induction and stepped-frequency ground penetrating radar |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Environmental science : processes & impacts |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
17 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
1271-1281 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
In environmental assessments, the characterization of urban soils relies heavily on invasive investigation, which is often insufficient to capture their full spatial heterogeneity. Non-invasive geophysical techniques enable rapid collection of high-resolution data and provide a cost-effective alternative to investigate soil in a spatially comprehensive way. This paper presents the results of combining multi-receiver electromagnetic induction and stepped-frequency ground penetrating radar to characterize a former garage site contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons. The sensor combination showed the ability to identify and accurately locate building remains and a high-density soil layer, thus demonstrating the high potential to investigate anthropogenic disturbances of physical nature. In addition, a correspondence was found between an area of lower electrical conductivity and elevated concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons, suggesting the potential to detect specific chemical disturbances. We conclude that the sensor combination provides valuable information for preliminary assessment of urban soils. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000357793300008 |
Publication Date |
2015-06-04 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2050-7887; 2050-7895 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:127130 |
Serial |
8715 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Liao, Z.L.; Green, R.J.; Gauquelin, N.; Gonnissen, J.; Van Aert, S.; Verbeeck, J.; et al. |
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Title |
Engineering properties by long range symmetry propagation initiated at perovskite heterostructure interface |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Advanced functional materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
Adv Funct Mater |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-25 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
In epitaxial thin film systems, the crystal structure and its symmetry deviate from the bulk counterpart due to various mechanisms such as epitaxial strain and interfacial structural coupling, which induce an accompanying change in their properties. In perovskite materials, the crystal symmetry can be described by rotations of 6-fold coordinated transition metal oxygen octahedra, which are found to be altered at interfaces. Here, we unravel how the local oxygen octahedral coupling (OOC) at perovskite heterostructural interfaces initiates a different symmetry in epitaxial films and provide design rules to induce various symmetries in thin films by careful selecting appropriate combinations of substrate/buffer/film. Very interestingly we discovered that these combinations lead to symmetry changes throughout the full thickness of the film. Our results provide a deep insight into understanding the origin of induced crystal symmetry in a perovskite heterostructure and an intelligent route to achieve unique functional properties. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Weinheim |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1616-301x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
12.124 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 12.124 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:134842 |
Serial |
4176 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Admasu, W.F.; Van Passel, S.; Minale, A.S.; Tsegaye, E.A.; Nyssen, J. |
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Title |
Nexus between land development and the value of ecosystem services in Ethiopia : a contingent valuation study |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Environment, development and sustainability |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-21 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM) |
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Abstract |
In Ethiopia, the state owns all lands within the territory of the country. Cities are incorporating large parcels of land from their surrounding rural agricultural areas through land expropriation. However, these land developments do not consider the nonmarket value of ecosystem services (ES), which is causing a deterioration of the existing ES and reduction on the potential supply of ES from agricultural land. The aim of this study was to estimate the monetary value of nonmarketable ES from the agricultural land using a double-bounded dichotomous choice contingent valuation method. A survey of 524 smallholder farmers was conducted. In the survey, respondents were asked to state their willingness to pay for the improvement of some of the nonmarketable ES: erosion control, air and climate regulation, water regulation, and soil fertility. The estimation was carried out using a bivariate probit model. The results revealed that farmers are willing to pay on average 276 ETB (7.9 USD) per hectare per year for a period of 10 years. We found that individual characteristics such as age, family size, and a recent land expropriation experience adversely affect the willingness to pay by the farmers. On the other hand, individuals with higher income and larger land size are willing to pay more. In general, the study indicated that the nonmarket ES, which are affected by the land expropriation for urban expansion, are valuable for the farmers. Therefore, we recommend that the government consider the value of nonmarketable ES in its land use decisions and hence achieve sustainable land development. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000907898700002 |
Publication Date |
2023-01-05 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1387-585x; 1573-2975 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
4.9 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
Not_Open_Access: Available from 05.01.2024 |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.9; 2023 IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:193432 |
Serial |
7363 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Admasu, W.F.; Boerema, A.; Nyssen, J.; Minale, A.S.; Tsegaye, E.A.; Van Passel, S. |
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Title |
Uncovering ecosystem services of expropriated land : the case of urban expansion in Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Land |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
395-20 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering Management (ENM); Ecosystem Management |
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Abstract |
In Ethiopia, urban expansion happens at high rates and results in land expropriations often at the cost of agriculture and forests. The process of urban expansion does not include assessment of ecosystem services (ES). This has been causing unintended environmental problems. This study aims to uncover ES of three most important land use types (cropland, agroforestry, and grassland) that are threatened by land expropriation for urban expansion in Bahir Dar City. The study applied a participatory approach using community perception and expert judgments (N = 108). Respondents were asked to locate their perceptions on the use of 35 different ES, and then to evaluate the potential of the land use. Respondents were shown to have the ability to differentiate between ES and land use in terms of their potential to deliver ES. The results show that agroforestry is expected to have a high relevant potential to deliver 31% of all ES, but cropland 20% and grassland 14%. Food, fodder, timber, firewood, fresh water, energy, compost, climate regulation, erosion prevention, and water purification and treatment were identified as the ten most important services. It is not only the provisioning services that are being supplied by the land use types which are expropriated for urbanization, but also regulating, supporting and cultural services. To ensure sustainable urban land development, we suggest the consideration of the use of ES and the potential of the land use to supply ES when making land use decisions, including land expropriation for urban expansion. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000586875900001 |
Publication Date |
2020-10-19 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:173628 |
Serial |
6948 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Borms, L.; Multani, M.; Bachus, K.; Dams, Y.; Brusselaers, J.; Van Passel, S. |
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Title |
Using natural language processing to monitor circular activities and employment |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2024 |
Publication |
Sustainable Production and Consumption |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
46 |
Issue |
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Pages |
42-53 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM); Herman Deleeck Centre for Social Policy |
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Abstract |
In Europe, NACE codes are used for the official classification of sectors, however, the circular economy is not sufficiently captured in this classification. Therefore, this paper improves previous attempts for defining circular activities and jobs by web scraping techniques applied to each company in Belgium. We analyze their first, second, and third official NACE codes and compare these to the NACE codes they should have been allocated to according to the web scraping data. Subsequently, we calculate circularity scores for every sector to construct an indicator for the number of circular companies and jobs. The results show that the number of circular companies is lower than the baseline from official statistics when we only consider the companies' first and main NACE code. The estimates are higher than the baseline when we also take the second and third NACE codes into account and the estimated number of circular jobs is far higher than the baseline. This research upgrades previous classifications of circular sectors and demonstrates how web scraping and novel data might improve our understanding and capacity to build data. Based on the results in this paper, we recommend a uniform data collection such as reporting standards, and an inclusion of all circular strategies in sectoral classifications. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
001198897900001 |
Publication Date |
2024-02-15 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2352-5509 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record |
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Impact Factor |
12.1 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 12.1; 2024 IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:204552 |
Serial |
9241 |
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Author |
Muys, M. |
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Title |
Microbial protein as sustainable feed and food ingredient : production and nutritional quality of phototrophs and aerobic heterotrophs |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
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Year |
2019 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Pages |
262 p. |
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Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
In iets meer dan 30 jaar moeten we tot 50% meer eiwit produceren, terwijl onze conventionele lineaire voedselproductieketen reeds de grenzen van duurzaamheid overschrijdt. Microbieel eiwit (MP), de eiwitrijke biomassa van micro-organismen, werd onderzocht als nieuw voeder en voedselingrediënt in een circulaire eiwitproductieketen. MP-productie kan gebaseerd zijn op primaire grondstoffen om zo de inefficiënte stappen in de huidige eiwitproductie over te slaan, of de productie kan gebaseerd zijn op secundaire grondstoffen afkomstig van de verliezen in de conventionele productieketen (bijvoorbeeld afvalwater). Zowel indirecte als directe strategiën voor nutriëntenherwinning kunnen geïdentificeerd worden. Indirecte nutriëntenherwinning werd onderzocht door struviet toe te passen als fosfor- en stikstofbron voor MP-productie. Struviet, een herwinningsproduct in de afvalwaterzuivering, bleek een hoge zuiverheidsgraad te hebben waardoor het een uitstekende selectieve barrière vormt tussen afvalstroom en MP productie. Oplossingssnelheden en MP groei-experimenten toonden aan dat struviet gemakkelijk gedoseerd kan worden in functie van de microbiële nutriëntenbehoeftes, waarnaast problemen vermeden worden gerelateerd aan de turbiditeit van nevenstromen, wat de productie van fototrofe MP mogelijk maakt. Daarnaast werd ook directe nutriëntenherwinning onderzocht. Hierbij werden de voedingswaarde en veiligheid geanalyseerd van biomassa bestaande uit aerobe heterotrofe bacteriën (AHB) afkomstig van effluentzuivering van 25 bedrijven in de voedings- en drankensector. Verder werd ook de temporele variabiliteit in kaart gebracht. Er werd een veelbelovend eiwitgehalte geobserveerd waarvan de variabiliteit aanzienlijke was. Verder werd aangetoond dat het eiwitgehalte positief gecorreleerd was met stikstofbelasting en negatief met slibverblijftijd, wat een indicatie is dat de implementatie van een geoptimaliseerd productieproces, de biomassakwaliteit gevoelig kan verhogen. Bovendien was de veiligheid als veevoeder gegarandeerd op vlak van de meeste contaminanten. In het daarop volgende hoofdstuk werd de variabiliteit in voedingswaarde en veiligheid bestudeerd van commerciële fototrofe MP (de microalgen Chlorella en Spirulina), gekweekt op primaire grondstoffen. De waargenomen variabiliteit in voedingswaarde vereist verdere optimalisatie van het productieproces. Er werd ook waargenomen dat een hoog eiwitgehalte geen hoge totale voedingswaarde impliceert, omdat de verteerbaarheid en de eiwitkwaliteit nog steeds ongunstig kunnen zijn. Op basis van gemeten contaminanten geeft een veilige consumptiedosis aan dat microalgen perfect kunnen worden geconsumeerd als volwaardige eiwitbron in plaats van als supplement, hun huidige hoofdtoepassing. In een laatste experimenteel hoofdstuk werd onderzocht hoe de variabiliteit in biomassakwaliteit van microalgen kan worden gereduceerd en hoe een stabiele, hoogwaardige biomassaproductie kan worden bekomen. De invloed van oogsttijd, operationele modus en fotoperiode werd bepaald op de productiviteit van biomassa, eiwit en essentiële aminozuren en er werden optimale productieparameters geïdentificeerd. Samengevat is MP-productie op basis van indirecte en directe nutriëntenherwinning veelbelovend. Verdere technologische ontwikkelingen en het verhogen van bewustwording en sociale acceptatie, moeten een verdere introductie van MP in de voeder- en voedingsmarkt faciliteren. Hier kan MP een belangrijke oplossing vertegenwoordigen om de exponentieel groeiende wereldbevolking op een duurzame manier te voeden. |
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UA library record |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:160717 |
Serial |
8244 |
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Author |
Zhu, W.; Van Tendeloo, M.; De Paepe, J.; Vlaeminck, S.E. |
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Title |
Comparison of typical nitrite oxidizing bacteria suppression strategies and the effect on nitrous oxide emissions in a biofilm reactor |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Bioresource technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
387 |
Issue |
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Pages |
129607-129609 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
In mainstream partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A), suppression of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) and mitigation of N2O emissions are two essential operational goals. The N2O emissions linked to three typical NOB suppression strategies were tested in a covered rotating biological contactor (RBC) biofilm system at 21 degrees C: (i) low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations, and treatments with (ii) free ammonia (FA), and (iii) free nitrous acids (FNA). Low emerged DO levels effectively minimized NOB activity and decreased N2O emissions, but NOB adaptation appeared after 200 days of operation. Further NOB suppression was successfully achieved by periodic (3 h per week) treatments with FA (29.3 & PLUSMN; 2.6 mg NH3-N L-1) or FNA (3.1 & PLUSMN; 0.3 mg HNO2-N L-1). FA treatment, however, promoted N2O emissions, while FNA did not affect these. Hence, biofilm PN/A should be operated at relatively low DO levels with periodic FNA treatment to maximize nitrogen removal efficiency while avoiding high greenhouse gas emissions. |
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Wos |
001063180200001 |
Publication Date |
2023-08-05 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0960-8524 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
11.4 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
Not_Open_Access: Available from 21.02.2024 |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 11.4; 2023 IF: 5.651 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:199051 |
Serial |
8843 |
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Author |
Marguí, E.; van Meel, K.; Van Grieken, R.; Buendía, A.; Fontás, C.; Hidalgo, M.; Queralt, I. |
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Title |
Method for the determination of Pd-catalyst residues in active pharmaceutical ingredients by means of high-energy polarized-beam energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
81 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1404-1410 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
In medicinal chemistry, Pd is perhaps the most-widely utilized precious metal, as catalyst in reactions which represent key transformations toward the synthesis of new active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The disadvantage of this metal-catalyzed chemistry is that expensive and toxic metal residues are invariably left bound to the desired product. Thus, stringent regulatory guidelines exist for the amount of residual Pd that a drug candidate is allowed to contain. In this work, a rapid and simple method for the determination of Pd in API samples by high-energy polarized-beam energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry has been developed and validated according to the specification limits of current legislation (10 mg kg−1 Pd) and the International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH guidelines). Sample and calibration standards preparation includes a first step of homogenization and then, in a second step, the pressing of the powdered material into pellets without any chemical treatment. The use of several synthetic calibration standards made of cellulose to simulate the API matrix appears to be an effective means to obtain reliable calibration curves with a good spread of data points over the working range. With the use of the best measuring conditions, the limit of detection (0.11 mg kg−1 Pd) as well as the limit of quantitation (0.37 mg kg−1 Pd) achieved meet rigorous requirements. The repeatability of the XRF measurement appeared to be less than 2%, while the precision of the whole method was around 7%. Trueness was evaluated by analyzing spiked API samples at the level of the specification limit and calculating the recovery factor, which was better than 95%. To study the applicability of the developed methodology for the intended purpose, three batches of the studied API were analyzed for their Pd content, and the attained results were comparable to those obtained by the daily routine method (acid digestion plus atomic spectroscopy) used in most pharmaceutical laboratories. |
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Wos |
000263319000015 |
Publication Date |
2009-01-22 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0003-2700; 5206-882x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:74340 |
Serial |
8220 |
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Author |
Liang, Q.; Yang, D.; Xia, F.; Bai, H.; Peng, H.; Yu, R.; Yan, Y.; He, D.; Cao, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Li, G.; Zhang, Q.; Tang, X.; Wu, J. |
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Title |
Phase-transformation-induced giant deformation in thermoelectric Ag₂Se semiconductor |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Advanced Functional Materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
Adv Funct Mater |
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Pages |
2106938 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
In most semiconducting metal chalcogenides, a large deformation is usually accompanied by a phase transformation, while the deformation mechanism remains largely unexplored. Herein, a phase-transformation-induced deformation in Ag2Se is investigated by in situ transmission electron microscopy, and a new ordered high-temperature phase (named as alpha '-Ag2Se) is identified. The Se-Se bonds are folded when the Ag+-ion vacancies are ordered and become stretched when these vacancies are disordered. Such a stretch/fold of the Se-Se bonds enables a fast and large deformation occurring during the phase transition. Meanwhile, the different Se-Se bonding states in alpha-, alpha '-, beta-Ag2Se phases lead to the formation of a large number of nanoslabs and the high concentration of dislocations at the interface, which flexibly accommodate the strain caused by the phase transformation. This study reveals the atomic mechanism of the deformation in Ag2Se inorganic semiconductors during the phase transition, which also provides inspiration for understanding the phase transition process in other functional materials. |
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000695142800001 |
Publication Date |
2021-09-13 |
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ISSN |
1616-301x |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
12.124 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
Not_Open_Access |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 12.124 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:181527 |
Serial |
6879 |
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Author |
Yao, W.; Hui, C.; Wang, L.; Wang, J.; Gielis, J.; Shi, P. |
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Title |
Comparison of the performance of two polar equations in describing the geometries of elliptical fruits |
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A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2024 |
Publication |
Botany letters |
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A1 Journal article; Antwerp engineering, PhotoElectroChemistry & Sensing (A-PECS) |
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Abstract |
In nature, the two-dimensional (2D) profiles of fruits from many plants often resemble ellipses. However, it remains unclear whether these profiles strictly adhere to the ellipse equation, as many natural shapes resembling ellipses are actually better described as superellipses. The superellipse equation, which includes an additional parameter n compared to the ellipse equation, can generate a broader range of shapes, with the ellipse being just a special case of the superellipse. To investigate whether the 2D profiles of fruits are better described by ellipses or superellipses, we collected a total of 751 mature and undamaged fruits from 31 naturally growing plants of Cucumis melo L. var. agrestis Naud. Our analysis revealed that most adjusted root-mean-square errors (> 92% of the 751 fruits) for fitting the superellipse equation to the fruit profiles were consistently less than 0.0165. Furthermore, there were 638 of the 751 fruits (ca. 85%) with the 95% confidence intervals of the estimated parameter n in the superellipse equation not including 2. These findings suggest that the profiles of C. melo var. agrestis fruits align more closely with the superellipse equation than with the ellipse equation. This study provides evidence for the existence of the superellipse in fruit profiles, which has significant implications for studying fruit geometries and estimating fruit volumes using the solid of revolution formula. Furthermore, this discovery may contribute to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms driving the evolution of fruit shapes. |
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Wos |
001219634500001 |
Publication Date |
2024-05-08 |
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ISSN |
2381-8107; 2381-8115 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record |
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Impact Factor |
1.5 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 1.5; 2024 IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:205955 |
Serial |
9140 |
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Author |
Eisma, D.; Kalf, J.; Karmini, M.; Mook, W.G.; Van Put, A.; Bernard, P.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Dispersal of suspended matter in Makasar Strait and the Flores Basin |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Netherlands journal of sea research |
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Volume |
24 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
383-398 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
In November 1984 in Makasar and the Flores Basin water samples were collected (T, S, dissolved O2, total CO2), bottom samples (sediment composition) and suspended matter (particle composition, particle size). A sediment trap was moored in the Flores Basin at 4600 m depth for nearly four months, covering the dry season. In the Flores Basin there are indications for bottom flow resuspending bottom material or preventing suspended material from settling; in Makasar Strait there is probably inflow of deep water both from the south and from the north, resulting in a very slow bottom water flor. Bottom deposits in Makasar Strait and the Flores Basin are predominantly terrigenous, with an admixture of organic carbonate and silica (mostly coccoliths). Volcanic material is primarily present near to the volcanoes in the south and reaches the deeper basins by slumping. In the suspended matter no volcanic particles and little planktonic material were found, although the latter form 10 to 15% of the top sediment and of the material deposited in the sediment trap. In suspension particles with a large concentration of tin (Sn) were found associated mainly with iron. They probably come from northern Kalimantan or northern Sulawesi. Suspended matter concentrations were mainly less than 0.5 mg·dm−3, only off the Mahakam river mouth were concentrations higher than 1 mg·dm−3. Particle size was erratic because of the variable composition of the coarser particles in suspension. Organic matter concentrations in suspension (in mg·dm−3) roughly follow the distribution of total suspended matter but organic content (in %) of the suspended matter does not show any trends. All organic matter in suspension is of marine origin except in the Mahakam river and estuary. Deposition rates, as estimated from the sediment trap results, are 150 mg·cm−2·a−1 for the total sediment, 26 mg·cm−2·a−1 for carbonate and 13 mg·cm−2·a−1 for organic matter. Flocs and fibres in suspension were only found in and below the Mahakam river plume that reaches ca 400 km from the river mouth to the southeast, and in surface waters associated with plankton (diatoms). The formation of these flocs (broken-up macroflocs or marine snow) is primarily related to particle concentration, turbulence, and the presence of organisms that produce sticky material or glue particles together. |
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Publication Date |
2003-08-07 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0077-7579; 1873-1406 |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116825 |
Serial |
7814 |
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Author |
van der Snickt, G.; de Boeck, A.; Keutgens, K.; Anthierens, D. |
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Title |
The SALUT project : study of advanced laser techniques for the uncovering of polychromed works of art |
Type |
P1 Proceeding |
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Year |
2007 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
116 |
Issue |
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Pages |
151-158
T2 - Proceedings of the 6th International |
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Keywords |
P1 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
In order to find out whether the existing laser systems can be employed to remove superimposed layers of paint on secco wall paintings in a selective way, laser tests were carried out on three types of prepared samples simulating three stratigraphies that are frequently encountered in practice. OM, EPMA, colorimetry, mu Raman, and FT-IR were used to evaluate the results. It was found that Q-switched Nd:YAG lasers emitting at 1,064 nm could be employed to remove unwanted layers of oil paint and limewash, but the treatment of large areas requires implementation of a computer-controlled X-Y-Z station in order to control the parameters. However, the applicability of this technique will remain limited as ablation at the established optimum parameters implied a discoloration of the pigments cinnabar, yellow ochre, and burnt sienna. Moreover, it was observed that no ablation took place when the limewash thickness exceeds 25 mu m. Unwanted layers of acrylic could be removed in an efficient way with an excimer laser emitting at 193 nm. |
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000252680500018 |
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978-3-540-72129-1; 0930-8989 |
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UA library record; WoS full record |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:157216 |
Serial |
8491 |
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Author |
Clauwaert, P.; Muys, M.; Alloul, A.; De Paepe, J.; Luther, A.; Sun, X.; Ilgrande, C.; Christiaens, M.E.R.; Hu, X.; Zhang, D.; Lindeboom, R.E.F.; Sas, B.; Rabaey, K.; Boon, N.; Ronsse, F.; Geelen, D.; Vlaeminck, S.E. |
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Title |
Nitrogen cycling in bioregenerative life support systems : challenges for waste refinery and food production processes |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Progress in aerospace sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
91 |
Issue |
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Pages |
87-98 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
In order to sustain human life in an isolated environment, an efficient conversion of wasted nutrients to food might become mandatory. This is particularly the case for space missions where resupply from earth or in-situ resource utilization is not possible or desirable. A combination of different technologies is needed to allow full recycling of e.g. nitrogenous compounds in space. In this review, an overview is given of the different essential processes and technologies that enable closure of the nitrogen cycle in Bioregenerative Life Support Systems (BLSS). Firstly, a set of biological and physicochemical refinery stages ensures efficient conversion of waste products into the building blocks, followed by the production of food with a range of biological methods. For each technology, bottlenecks are identified. Furthermore, challenges and outlooks are presented at the integrated system level. Space adaptation and integration deserve key attention to enable the recovery of nitrogen for the production of nutritional food in space, but also in closed loop systems on earth. |
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000404699800005 |
Publication Date |
2017-05-04 |
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ISSN |
0376-0421; 1873-1724 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:148996 |
Serial |
8310 |
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Author |
Kumar, M.; Sengupta, A.; Kummamuru, N.B. |
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Title |
Molecular simulations for carbon dioxide capture in silica slit pores |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Materials Today: Proceedings |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-9 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
In present work, we have performed the Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations to quantify CO2 capture inside porous silica at high operating temperatures of 673.15 K and 873.15 K; and over a operating pressure range of 500 kPa – 4000 kPa that are methane steam reforming process parameters. Related chemical potential values at these thermodynamic conditions are obtained from the bulk phase simulations in the Canonical ensemble in conjunction with Widom’s insertion technique, where the CO2 has been accurately represented by TraPPE force field. Present structure of the porous silica is a single slit pore geometry of various heights (H = 20 Å, 31.6 Å, 63.2 Å and 126.5 Å), dimensions in which possible vapour-liquid equilibria for generic square well fluids has been reported in literature. Estimation of the pore-fluid interactions show a higher interaction between silica pore and adsorbed CO2 compared to the reported pore-fluid interactions between homogeneous carbon slit pore and adsorbed CO2; thus resulting in an enhancement of adsorption inside silica pores of H = 20 Å and H = 126.5 Å, which are respectively 3.5 times and 1.5 times higher than that in homogeneous carbon slit pores of same dimensions and at 673.15 K and 500 kPa. Estimated local density plots indicate the presence of structured layers due to more molecular packing, which confirms possible liquid-like and vapour-like phase coexistence of the supercritical bulk phase CO2 under confinement. |
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2023-05-06 |
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2214-7853 |
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UA library record |
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Most recent IF: NA |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:200944 |
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9058 |
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Author |
Chekol Zewdie, M. |
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Title |
How irrigation water impacts Ethiopian agriculture : an applied economics study |
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Doctoral thesis |
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2021 |
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xiv, 152 p. |
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Doctoral thesis; Economics; Engineering Management (ENM) |
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In recent decades, as crop production has increased in many areas where irrigation projects have been implemented, the global agricultural development community has promoted irrigation investments. However, due to the disappointing performance of irrigation farming in developing countries, irrigation intervention in Africa South of the Sahara including Ethiopia is an issue of debate. Moreover, several gaps exist in the Ethiopian irrigation farming literature. For instance, evidence about the direct and indirect effects of irrigation water on agriculture is not well documented. The irrigation farming literature has not disentangled the indirect effects of having access to irrigation water from the direct effect and the indirect effects have been underrepresented. Furthermore, most previous studies have applied either a quantitative or qualitative approach and have relied only on revealed data as main type of methodology, making studies that combine qualitative and quantitative research and that use both stated and revealed data underrepresented. In this study, different approaches have been applied to investigate how irrigation water impacts Ethiopia agriculture with special attention being given to disentangling the direct and indirect effects of irrigation water on Ethiopian agriculture. Using a structural equation model, a stochastic production frontier approach, and a discrete choice experiment, I drew evidence regarding the direct and indirect effects of irrigation water on crop revenue of smallholder farmers, the technical efficiency of irrigation user farmers, and the farmers’ willingness to pay to improve poor irrigation schemes from field observations, semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with farmers, and key informant interviews with the local agricultural agents from the Koga and Fogera Districts of Amhara Region Ethiopia. The results indicate that irrigation water in general has both direct and indirect positive effects on agriculture, and the indirect effect is mediated by both improved farm inputs and the type of crops produced. The results also show that – due to poor extension services and backward agronomic practices, the mean technical efficiency of farmers in Ethiopia is very low, and that large-scale irrigation users are less technically efficient than small-scale irrigation users. Moreover, the results show that improving irrigation schemes shifts the frontier up, and smallholder farmers are strongly willing to contribute financially to the maintenance costs of irrigation schemes. The results offer relevant lessons for policymakers that providing irrigation water supply must be embedded in a comprehensive support package including access to extension services, improved input supply, and access to stable markets. |
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978-90-5728-700-8 |
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Most recent IF: NA |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:180816 |
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6928 |
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