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	Author	Li, C.-F.; Zhao, K.; Liao, X.; Hu, Z.-Y.; Zhang, L.; Zhao, Y.; Mu, S.; Li, Y.; Li, Y.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Sun, C.
	Title	Interface cation migration kinetics induced oxygen release heterogeneity in layered lithium cathodes			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2021	Publication	Energy Storage Materials	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	36	Issue		Pages	115-122
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The irreversible release of the lattice oxygen in layered cathodes is one of the major degradation mechanisms of lithium ion batteries, which accounts for a number of battery failures including the voltage/capacity fade, loss of cation ions and detachment of the primary particles, etc. Oxygen release is generally attributed to the stepwise thermodynamic controlled phase transitions from the layered to spinel and rock salt phases. Here, we report a strong kinetic effect from the mobility of cation ions, whose migration barrier can be significantly modulated by the phase epitaxy at the degrading interface. It ends up with a clear oxygen release heterogeneity and completely different reaction pathways between the thin and thick areas, as well as the interparticle valence boundaries, both of which widely exist in the mainstream cathode design with the secondary agglomerates. This work unveils the origin of the heterogenous oxygen release in the layered cathodes. It also sheds light on the rational design of cathode materials with enhanced oxygen stability by suppressing the cation migration.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000620584300009	Publication Date	2020-12-24
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:176654			Serial	6730
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Shi, P.; Ratkowsky, D.A.; Li, Y.; Zhang, L.; Lin, S.; Gielis, J.
	Title	A general leaf area geometric formula exists for plants evidence from the simplified Gielis equation			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Forests (19994907)	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	9	Issue	11	Pages	714
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Plant leaves exhibit diverse shapes that enable them to utilize a light resource maximally. If there were a general parametric model that could be used to calculate leaf area for different leaf shapes, it would help to elucidate the adaptive evolutional link among plants with the same or similar leaf shapes. We propose a simplified version of the original Gielis equation (SGE), which was developed to describe a variety of object shapes ranging from a droplet to an arbitrary polygon. We used this equation to fit the leaf profiles of 53 species (among which, 48 bamboo plants, 5 woody plants, and 10 geographical populations of a woody plant), totaling 3310 leaves. A third parameter (namely, the floating ratio c in leaf length) was introduced to account for the case when the theoretical leaf length deviates from the observed leaf length. For most datasets, the estimates of c were greater than zero but less than 10%, indicating that the leaf length predicted by the SGE was usually smaller than the actual length. However, the predicted leaf areas approximated their actual values after considering the floating ratios in leaf length. For most datasets, the mean percent errors of leaf areas were lower than 6%, except for a pooled dataset with 42 bamboo species. For the elliptical, lanceolate, linear, obovate, and ovate shapes, although the SGE did not fit the leaf edge perfectly, after adjusting the parameter c, there were small deviations of the predicted leaf areas from the actual values. This illustrates that leaves with different shapes might have similar functional features for photosynthesis, since the leaf areas can be described by the same equation. The anisotropy expressed as a difference in leaf shape for some plants might be an adaptive response to enable them to adapt to different habitats.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000451310300054	Publication Date	2018-11-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1999-4907	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:156324			Serial	7389
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Zhang, L.
	Title	Characteristic diagnosis of atmospheric discharge plasma and kinetics study of reactive species			Type	Doctoral thesis
	Year	2021	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	XVIII, 148 p.
	Keywords	Doctoral thesis; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Low-temperature plasma has received extensive attention due to its promising application prospects in the field of air pollutants degradation and energy conversion. To fulfill the need for particular applications, constructing stable plasma sources and investigating the interaction mechanisms between plasma and substances have been hot research topics. This thesis reports the diagnosis and improvement of plasma sources, diagnosis of the active species in plasma and a modeling study of chemical kinetics processes. The main research contents are as follows: In Chapter 3, a diffuse sine AC dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is successfully obtained by optimizing the electrode structure. It is found that using double-layer dielectric plates can limit the discharge current intensity and significantly improve the discharge uniformity. The electrical characteristics and gas temperature with different operating time show that the discharge stability is also improved by using double-layer dielectric plates. In Chapter 4, nanosecond pulses are employed to generate diffuse DBD plasmas. Three main discharge stages are distinguished by ICCD images, i.e., the streamer breakdown from the needle tip to the plate electrode, the regime transition from streamer to diffuse plasma, and the propagation of surface discharge on the plate electrode surface. The chapter reveales that in nanosecond pulsed discharges the vibrational temperature of N2 increases with the discharge duration, while the rotational temperature mainly stays constant, which means electron energy is transferred into the vibrational levels, but gas heating is not obvious during the discharge pulse. In Chapter 5, both sine AC DBD and nanosecond pulsed DBD, studied in Chapter 2 and 3, are used for formaldehyde degradation. It is found that nanosecond pulsed DBD has more homogenous characteristics, better stability, and lower plasma gas temperature. Moreover, the energy consumption of nanosecond pulsed DBD is much lower than that of AC DBD. In Chapter 6, a 0D chemical kinetics model is developed to investigate the underlying plasma chemistry of methane dry reforming in a nanosecond pulsed discharge. An overview of the dominant reaction pathways of CO2 and CH4 conversion into the major products is given. Furthermore, most of the CO2 molecules are populated into vibrational states during the pulse. Hence, the vibrational states of CO2 play an important role in its dissociation process. In general, this PhD thesis contributes to a better insight in the mechanisms of sinusoidal AC DBD and nanosecond pulsed DBD plasmas and their applications, i.e., decomposition of formaldehyde and dry reforming of methane.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:183166			Serial	7605
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Lin, S.; Zhang, L.; Reddy, G.V.P.; Hui, C.; Gielis, J.; Ding, Y.; Shi, P.
	Title	A geometrical model for testing bilateral symmetry of bamboo leaf with a simplified Gielis equation			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Ecology and evolution	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	6	Issue	19	Pages	6798-6806
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	The size and shape of plant leaves change with growth, and an accurate description of leaf shape is crucial for describing plant morphogenesis and development. Bilateral symmetry, which has been widely observed but poorly examined, occurs in both dicot and monocot leaves, including all nominated bamboo species (approximately 1,300 species), of which at least 500 are found in China. Although there are apparent differences in leaf size among bamboo species due to genetic and environmental profiles, bamboo leaves have bilateral symmetry with parallel venation and appear similar across species. Here, we investigate whether the shape of bamboo leaves can be accurately described by a simplified Gielis equation, which consists of only two parameters (leaf length and shape) and produces a perfect bilateral shape. To test the applicability of this equation and the occurrence of bilateral symmetry, we first measured the leaf length of 42 bamboo species, examining >500 leaves per species. We then scanned 30 leaves per species that had approximately the same length as the median leaf length for that species. The leaf-shape data from scanned profiles were fitted to the simplified Gielis equation. Results confirmed that the equation fits the leaf-shape data extremely well, with the coefficients of determination being 0.995 on average. We further demonstrated the bilateral symmetry of bamboo leaves, with a clearly defined leaf-shape parameter of all 42 bamboo species investigated ranging from 0.02 to 0.1. This results in a simple and reliable tool for precise determination of bamboo species, with applications in forestry, ecology, and taxonomy.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000385626100003	Publication Date	2016-09-02
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2045-7758	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:144547			Serial	7998
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	Author	Shi, P.; Liu, M.; Ratkowsky, D.A.; Gielis, J.; Su, J.; Yu, X.; Wang, P.; Zhang, L.; Lin, Z.; Schrader, J.
	Title	Leaf area-length allometry and its implications in leaf shape evolution			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Trees: structure and function	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	33	Issue	4	Pages	1073-1085
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	According to Thompson’s principle of similarity, the area of an object should be proportional to its length squared. However, leaf area–length data of some plants have been demonstrated not to follow the principle of similarity. We explore the reasons why the leaf area–length allometry deviates from the principle of similarity and examine whether there is a general model describing the relationship among leaf area, width and length. We sampled more than 11,800 leaves from six classes of woody and herbaceous plants and tested the leaf area–length allometry. We compared six mathematical models based on root-mean-square error as the measure of goodness-of-fit. The best supported model described a proportional relationship between leaf area and the product of leaf width and length (i.e., the Montgomery model). We found that the extent to which the leaf area–length allometry deviates from the principle of similarity depends upon the extent of variation of the ratio of leaf width to length. Estimates of the parameter of the Montgomery model ranged between 1/2, which corresponds to a triangular leaf with leaf length as its height and leaf width as its base, and π/4, which corresponds to an elliptical leaf with leaf length as its major axis and leaf width as its minor axis, for the six classes of plants. The narrow range in practice of the Montgomery parameter implies an evolutionary stability for the leaf area of large-leaved plants despite the fact that leaf shapes of these plants are rather different.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000475992600010	Publication Date	2019-04-04
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0931-1890; 1432-2285	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:159970			Serial	8170
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Zhang, L.; Vleugels, J.; Darchuk, L.; van der Biest, O.
	Title	Magnetic field oriented tetragonal zirconia with anisotropic toughness			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Journal of the European Ceramic Society	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	31	Issue	8	Pages	1405-1412
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	(0 0 1)-oriented 3 mol% yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia (3Y-TZP) has been developed by reactive synthesis of undoped pure monoclinic zirconia and co-precipitated 8 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (8Y-ZrO2). The dispersed pure monoclinic ZrO2 powder, having magnetic anisotropy, was first aligned in a strong magnetic field and co-sintered in a randomly distributed cubic 8Y-ZrO2 fine matrix powder. The reactive sintering resulted in a 3Y-TZP ceramic with a (0 0 1) orientation. The (0 0 1)-oriented 3Y-TZP showed a substantial toughness anisotropy, i.e. the toughness along the [0 0 1] direction is 54% higher than that of its perpendicular direction. Moreover, the toughness along the [0 0 1] direction is 49% higher than that of a non-textured isotropic reactively synthesized 3Y-TZP and 110% higher than that of an isotropic co-precipitated powder based 3Y-TZP. The substantially enhanced toughness was interpreted in terms of the tetragonal to monoclinic martensitic phase transformability.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000290189100008	Publication Date	2011-03-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0955-2219	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:89722			Serial	8192
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Zhang, L.; Quinn, B.K.; Hui, C.; Lian, M.; Gielis, J.; Gao, J.; Shi, P.
	Title	New indices to balance α-diversity against tree size inequality			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2024	Publication	Journal of forestry research	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	35	Issue	1	Pages	31-39
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	The number and composition of species in a community can be quantified with alpha-diversity indices, including species richness (R), Simpson's index (D), and the Shannon-Wiener index (HGREEK TONOS). In forest communities, there are large variations in tree size among species and individuals of the same species, which result in differences in ecological processes and ecosystem functions. However, tree size inequality (TSI) has been largely neglected in studies using the available diversity indices. The TSI in the diameter at breast height (DBH) data for each of 999 20 m x 20 m forest census quadrats was quantified using the Gini index (GI), a measure of the inequality of size distribution. The generalized performance equation was used to describe the rotated and right-shifted Lorenz curve of the cumulative proportion of DBH and the cumulative proportion of number of trees per quadrat. We also examined the relationships of alpha-diversity indices with the GI using correlation tests. The generalized performance equation effectively described the rotated and right-shifted Lorenz curve of DBH distributions, with most root-mean-square errors (990 out of 999 quadrats) being < 0.0030. There were significant positive correlations between each of three alpha-diversity indices (i.e., R, D, and H') and the GI. Nevertheless, the total abundance of trees in each quadrat did not significantly influence the GI. This means that the TSI increased with increasing species diversity. Thus, two new indices are proposed that can balance alpha-diversity against the extent of TSI in the community: (1 – GI) x D, and (1 – GI) x H'. These new indices were significantly correlated with the original D and HGREEK TONOS, and did not increase the extent of variation within each group of indices. This study presents a useful tool for quantifying both species diversity and the variation in tree sizes in forest communities, especially in the face of cumulative species loss under global climate change.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	001131698000001	Publication Date	2023-12-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1007-662x; 1993-0607	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:201972			Serial	9061
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Mortet, V.; Zhang, L.; Echert, M.; Soltani, A.; d' Haen, J.; Douheret, O.; Moreau, M.; Osswald, S.; Neyts, E.; Troadec, D.; Wagner, P.; Bogaerts, A.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Haenen, K.
	Title	Characterization of nano-crystalline diamond films grown under continuous DC bias during plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition			Type	A3 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Materials Research Society symposium proceedings	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	1203	Pages
	Keywords	A3 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Nanocrystalline diamond films have generated much interested due to their diamond-like properties and low surface roughness. Several techniques have been used to obtain a high re-nucleation rate, such as hydrogen poor or high methane concentration plasmas. In this work, the properties of nano-diamond films grown on silicon substrates using a continuous DC bias voltage during the complete duration of growth are studied. Subsequently, the layers were characterised by several morphological, structural and optical techniques. Besides a thorough investigation of the surface structure, using SEM and AFM, special attention was paid to the bulk structure of the films. The application of FTIR, XRD, multi wavelength Raman spectroscopy, TEM and EELS yielded a detailed insight in important properties such as the amount of crystallinity, the hydrogen content and grain size. Although these films are smooth, they are under a considerable compressive stress. FTIR spectroscopy points to a high hydrogen content in the films, while Raman and EELS indicate a high concentration of sp2 carbon. TEM and EELS show that these films consist of diamond nano-grains mixed with an amorphous sp2 bonded carbon, these results are consistent with the XRD and UV Raman spectroscopy data.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Wuhan	Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2010-03-27
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1946-4274;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:81646			Serial	327
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Zhang, L.
	Title	Effects of quantum confinement in nanoscale superconductors : from electronic density of states to vortex matter			Type	Doctoral thesis
	Year	2015	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Doctoral thesis; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Antwerpen	Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:126085			Serial	870
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	Author	Han, Z.; Ni, J.; Smits, P.; Underhill, C.; Xie, B.; Chen, Y.; Liu, N.; Tylzanowski, P.; Parmelee, D.; Feng, P.; Ding, I.; Gao, F.; Gentz, R.; Huylebroeck, D.; Merregaert, J.; Zhang, L.
	Title	Extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) has angiogenic properties and is expressed by breast tumor cells			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2001	Publication	The FASEB journal	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	15	Issue		Pages	988-994
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Bethesda, Md	Editor
	Language		Wos	000167959300013	Publication Date	2002-07-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1530-6860;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited	94	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:33805			Serial	1161
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Yang, C.; Batuk, M.; Jacquet, Q.; Rousse, G.; Yin, W.; Zhang, L.; Hadermann, J.; Abakumov, A.M.; Cibin, G.; Chadwick, A.; Tarascon, J.-M.; Grimaud, A.
	Title	Revealing pH-Dependent Activities and Surface Instabilities for Ni-Based Electrocatalysts during the Oxygen Evolution Reaction			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	ACS energy letters	Abbreviated Journal	Acs Energy Lett
	Volume		Issue		Pages	2884-2890
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Multiple electrochemical processes are involved at the catalyst/ electrolyte interface during the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). With the purpose of elucidating the complexity of surface dynamics upon OER, we systematically studied two Ni-based crystalline oxides (LaNiO3−δ and La2Li0.5Ni0.5O4) and compared them with the state-of-the-art Ni−Fe (oxy)- hydroxide amorphous catalyst. Electrochemical measurements such as rotating ring disk electrode (RRDE) and electrochemical quartz microbalance microscopy (EQCM) coupled with a series of physical characterizations including transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) were conducted to unravel the exact pH effect on both the OER activity and the catalyst stability. We demonstrate that for Ni-based crystalline catalysts the rate for surface degradation depends on the pH and is greater than the rate for surface reconstruction. This behavior is unlike that for the amorphous Ni oxyhydroxide catalyst, which is found to be more stable and pH-independent.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000453805100005	Publication Date	2018-11-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2380-8195	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access	Not_Open_Access: Available from 06.11.2019
	Notes	C.Y., J.-M.T., and A.G. acknowledge funding from the European Research Council (ERC) (FP/2014)/ERC GrantProject 670116-ARPEMA. A.G. acknowledges financial support from the ANR MIDWAY (Project ID ANR-17-CE05- 0008). We acknowledge Diamond Light Source for time awarded to the Energy Materials BAG on Beamline B18, under Proposal sp12559.			Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:155046			Serial	5067
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	Author	Malesevic, A.; Kemps, R.; Zhang, L.; Erni, R.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Vanhulsel, A.; van Haesendonck, C.
	Title	A versatile plasma tool for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes and few-layer graphene sheets			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2008	Publication	Journal of optoelectronics and advanced materials	Abbreviated Journal	J Optoelectron Adv M
	Volume	10	Issue	8	Pages	2052-2055
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Bucharest	Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1454-4164	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	0.449	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 0.449; 2008 IF: 0.577
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:70636			Serial	3839
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	Author	Li, Q.; Niklas, K.J.J.; Niinemets, U.; Zhang, L.; Yu, K.; Gielis, J.; Gao, J.; Shi, P.
	Title	Stomatal shape described by a superellipse in four Magnoliaceae species			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	Botany letters	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1-9
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Stomata are essential for the exchange of water vapour and atmospheric gases between vascular plants and their external environments. The stomatal geometries of many plants appear to be elliptical. However, prior studies have not tested whether this is a mathematical reality, particularly since many natural shapes that appear to be ellipses are superellipses with greater or smaller edge curvature than predicted for an ellipse. Compared with the ellipse equation, the superellipse equation includes an additional parameter that allows generation of a larger range of shapes. We randomly selected 240 stomata from each of four Magnoliaceae species to test whether the stomatal geometries are superellipses or ellipses. The stomatal geometries for most stomata (943/960) were found to be described better using the superellipse equation. The traditional “elliptical stomata hypothesis” resulted in an underestimation of the area of stomata, whereas the superellipse equation accurately predicted stomatal area. This finding has important implications for the estimation of stomatal area in studies looking at stomatal shape, geometry, and function.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	001024190300001	Publication Date	2023-07-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2381-8107; 2381-8115	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	1.5	Times cited		Open Access	Not_Open_Access: Available from 12.01.2024
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.5; 2023 IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:197847			Serial	8935
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	Author	Mortet, V.; Zhang, L.; Eckert, M.; D'Haen, J.; Soltani, A.; Moreau, M.; Troadec, D.; Neyts, E.; De Jaeger, J.C.; Verbeeck, J.; Bogaerts, A.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Haenen, K.; Wagner, P.
	Title	Grain size tuning of nanocrystalline chemical vapor deposited diamond by continuous electrical bias growth : experimental and theoretical study			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2012	Publication	Physica status solidi : A : applications and materials science	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Status Solidi A
	Volume	209	Issue	9	Pages	1675-1682
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	In this work, a detailed structural and spectroscopic study of nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) thin films grown by a continuous bias assisted CVD growth technique is reported. This technique allows the tuning of grain size and phase purity in the deposited material. The crystalline properties of the films are characterized by SEM, TEM, EELS, and Raman spectroscopy. A clear improvement of the crystalline structure of the nanograined diamond film is observed for low negative bias voltages, while high bias voltages lead to thin films consisting of diamond grains of only ∼10 nm nanometer in size, showing remarkable similarities with so-called ultrananocrystalline diamond. These layers arecharacterized by an increasing amount of sp2-bonded carbon content of the matrix in which the diamond grains are embedded. Classical molecular dynamics simulations support the observed experimental data, giving insight in the underlying mechanism for the observed increase in deposition rate with bias voltage. Furthermore, a high atomic concentration of hydrogen has been determined in these films. Finally, Raman scattering analyses confirm that the Raman line observed at ∼1150 cm−1 cannot be attributed to trans-poly-acetylene, which continues to be reported in literature, reassigning it to a deformation mode of CHx bonds in NCD.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000308942100009	Publication Date	2012-09-04
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1862-6300;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.775	Times cited	31	Open Access
	Notes	M.E. and E.N. acknowledge financial support from, respectively, the Institute for Promotion of Innovation through Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT), and the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO). J.V. gratefully acknowledges financial support from the GOA project “XANES meets ELNES” of the research fund of the University of Antwerp. Calculation support was provided by the University of Antwerp through the core facility CALCUA. G.V.T. acknowledges the ERC grant COUNTATOMS. The work was also financially supported by the joint UAUHasseltMethusalem “NANO” network, the Research Programs G.0068.07 and G.0555.10N of the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO), the IAP-P6/42 project “Quantum Effects in Clusters and Nanowires”, and by the EU FP7 through the Integrated Infrastructure Initiative “ESMI” (No. 262348), the Marie Curie ITN “MATCON” (PITN-GA-2009-238201), and the Collaborative Project “DINAMO” (No. 245122).			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.775; 2012 IF: 1.469
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:101516UA @ admin @ c:irua:101516			Serial	1364
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	Author	Verbeeck, J.; Van Aert, S.; Zhang, L.; Haiyan, T.; Schattschneider, P.; Rosenauer, A.
	Title	Computational aspects in quantitative EELS			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2010	Publication	Microscopy and microanalysis	Abbreviated Journal	Microsc Microanal
	Volume	16	Issue	S:2	Pages	240-241
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Cambridge, Mass.	Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2010-08-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1431-9276;1435-8115;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor	1.891	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.891; 2010 IF: 3.259
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:96556UA @ admin @ c:irua:96556			Serial	454
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	Author	Zhang, L.-F.; Covaci, L.; Peeters, F.M.
	Title	Position-dependent effect of non-magnetic impurities on superconducting properties of nanowires			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Europhysics letters	Abbreviated Journal	Epl-Europhys Lett
	Volume	109	Issue	109	Pages	17010
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	Anderson's theorem states that non-magnetic impurities do not change the bulk properties of conventional superconductors. However, as the dimensionality is reduced, the effect of impurities becomes more significant. Here we investigate superconducting nanowires with diameter comparable to the Fermi wavelength $\lambda_F$ (which is less than the superconducting coherence length) by using a microscopic description based on the Bogoliubov-de Gennes method. We find that: 1) impurities strongly affect the superconducting properties, 2) the effect is impurity position dependent, and 3) it exhibits opposite behavior for resonant and off-resonant wire widths. We show that this is due to the interplay between the shape resonances of the order parameter and the subband energy spectrum induced by the lateral quantum confinement. These effects can be used to manipulate the Josephson current, filter electrons by subband and investigate the symmetries of the superconducting subband gaps.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Paris	Editor
	Language		Wos	000348592100029	Publication Date	2015-01-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0295-5075	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.957	Times cited	7	Open Access
	Notes	; This work was supported by the Flemish Science Foundation (FWO-Vlaanderen) and the Methusalem funding of the Flemish Government. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.957; 2015 IF: 2.095
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:128424			Serial	4227
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	Author	Sercu, S.; Zhang, L.; Merregaert, J.
	Title	The extracellular matrix protein 1: its molecular interaction and implication in tumor progression			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2008	Publication	Cancer investigation	Abbreviated Journal	Cancer Invest
	Volume	26	Issue	4	Pages	375-384
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000255370000008	Publication Date	2008-04-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0735-7907;1532-4192;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.007	Times cited	41	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.007; 2008 IF: 1.976
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:68573			Serial	1160
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	Author	Lian, M.; Shi, P.; Zhang, L.; Yao, W.; Gielis, J.; Niklas, K.J.
	Title	A generalized performance equation and its application in measuring the Gini index of leaf size inequality			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	Trees: structure and function	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	37	Issue		Pages	1555-1565
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	The goal of this study is to provide a rigorous tool to quantify the inequality of the leaf size distribution of an individual plant, thereby serving as a reference trait for quantifying plant adaptations to local environmental conditions. The tool to be presented and tested employs three components: (1) a performance equation (PE), which can produce flexible asymmetrical and symmetrical bell-shaped curves, (2) the Lorenz curve (i.e., the cumulative proportion of leaf size vs. the cumulative proportion of number of leaves), which is the basis for calculating, and (3) the Gini index, which measures the inequality of leaf size distribution. We sampled 12 individual plants of a dwarf bamboo and measured the area and dry mass of each leaf of each plant. We then developed a generalized performance equation (GPE) of which the PE is a special case and fitted the Lorenz curve to leaf size distribution using the GPE and PE. The GPE performed better than the PE in fitting the Lorenz curve. We compared the Gini index of leaf area distribution with that of leaf dry mass distribution and found that there was a significant difference between the two indices that might emerge from the scaling relationship between leaf dry mass and area. Nevertheless, there was a strong correlation between the two Gini indices (r2 = 0.9846). This study provides a promising tool based on the GPE for quantifying the inequality of leaf size distributions across individual plants and can be used to quantify plant adaptations to local environmental conditions.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	001069570200001	Publication Date	2023-08-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0931-1890; 1432-2285	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.3	Times cited		Open Access	Not_Open_Access: Available from 26.02.2024
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.3; 2023 IF: 1.842
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:199562			Serial	8874
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	Author	Zhang, Q.‐Z.; Zhang, L.; Yang, D.‐Z.; Schulze, J.; Wang, Y.‐N.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Positive and negative streamer propagation in volume dielectric barrier discharges with planar and porous electrodes			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2021	Publication	Plasma Processes And Polymers	Abbreviated Journal	Plasma Process Polym
	Volume	18	Issue	4	Pages	2000234
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	The spatiotemporal dynamics of volume and surface positive and negative streamers in a pintoplate volume dielectric barrier discharge is investigated in this study. The discharge characteristics are found to be completely different for positive and negative streamers. First, the spatial propagation of a positive streamer is found to rely on electron avalanches caused by photo-electrons in front of the streamer head, whereas this is not the case for negative streamers. Second, our simulations reveal an interesting phenomenon of floating positive surface discharges, which develop when a positive streamer reaches a dielectric wall and which explain the experimentally observed branching characteristics. Third, we report for the first time, the interactions between a positive streamer and dielectric pores, in which both the pore diameter and depth affect the evolution of a positive streamer.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000617876700001	Publication Date	2021-02-17
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1612-8850	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.846	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	Dalian University of Technology, DUT19RC(3)045 ; National Natural Science Foundation of China, 12020101005 ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, SFB 1316 project A5 ; Universiteit Antwerpen, TOP‐BOF ; The authors acknowledge financial support from the TOP-BOF project of the University of Antwerp. This study was carried out in part using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen, a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (Department EWI), and the University of Antwerp. Funding by the German Research Foundation (DFG) in the frame of the Collaborative Research Center SFB 1316, project A5, National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 12020101005), and the Scientific Research Foundation from Dalian University of Technology (DUT19RC(3)045) is also acknowledged.			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.846
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:176565			Serial	6744
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	Author	Clima, S.; Sankaran, K.; Chen, Y.Y.; Fantini, A.; Celano, U.; Belmonte, A.; Zhang, L.; Goux, L.; Govoreanu, B.; Degraeve, R.; Wouters, D.J.; Jurczak, M.; Vandervorst, W.; Gendt, S.D.; Pourtois, G.;
	Title	RRAMs based on anionic and cationic switching : a short overview			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	Physica status solidi: rapid research letters	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Status Solidi-R
	Volume	8	Issue	6	Pages	501-511
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Resistive random access memories are emerging as a new type of memory that has the potential to combine both the speed of volatile and the retention of nonvolatile memories. It operates based on the formation/dissolution of a low-resistivity filament being constituted of either metallic ions or atomic vacancies within an insulating matrix. At present, the mechanisms and the parameters controlling the performances of the device remain unclear. In that respect, first-principles simulations provide useful insights on the atomistic mechanisms, the thermodynamic and kinetics factors that modulate the material conductivity, providing guidance into the engineering of the operation of the device. In this paper, we review the current state-of-the-art knowledge on the atomistic switching mechanisms driving the operation of copper-based conductive bridge RRAM and HfOx valence change RRAM. [GRAPHICS] Conceptual illustration of the RRAM device with the filament formation and disruption during its operation. AE/IM/CE are the active electrode/insulating matrix/counterelectrode. The blue circles represent the conducting defects. (C) 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH Co. KGaA, Weinheim
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Berlin	Editor
	Language		Wos	000338021200004	Publication Date	2014-04-04
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1862-6254;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.032	Times cited	28	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.032; 2014 IF: 2.142
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:118679			Serial	2933
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	Author	Zhang, Q.-Z.; Tinck, S.; de Marneffe, J.-F.; Zhang, L.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Mechanisms for plasma cryogenic etching of porous materials			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	Applied physics letters	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Phys Lett
	Volume	111	Issue	17	Pages	173104
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Porous materials are commonly used in microelectronics, as they can meet the demand for continuously shrinking electronic feature dimensions. However, they are facing severe challenges in plasma etching, due to plasma induced damage. In this paper, we present both the plasma characteristics and surface processing during the etching of porous materials. We explain how the damage occurs in the porous material during plasma etching for a wide range of chuck temperatures and the responsible mechanism for plasma damage-free etching at cryogenic temperature, by a combination of experiments and numerical modeling.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000413863400032	Publication Date	2017-10-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-6951	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.411	Times cited	2	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	We acknowledge the support from Marie Skłodowska- Curie actions (Grant Agreement-702604). This work was carried out in part using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of Universiteit Antwerpen, a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI), and the University of Antwerp. L. Zhang and J.-F. de Marneffe acknowledge Dr. M. Cooke and A. Goodyear from Oxford Instruments Plasma Technology for processing the samples at their Yatton facility in the United Kingdom.			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.411
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:147022			Serial	4762
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	Author	Malesevic, A.; Vitchev, R.; Schouteden, K.; Volodin, A.; Zhang, L.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Vanhulsel, A.; van Haesendonck, C.
	Title	Synthesis of few-layer graphene via microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2008	Publication	Nanotechnology	Abbreviated Journal	Nanotechnology
	Volume	19	Issue	30	Pages	305604,1-6
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Bristol	Editor
	Language		Wos	000256838400014	Publication Date	2008-06-13
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0957-4484;1361-6528;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.44	Times cited	309	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.44; 2008 IF: 3.446
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:70224			Serial	3455
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	Author	Zhang, L.; Zhang, Y.-Y.; Zha, G.-Q.; Milošević, M.V.; Zhou, S.-P.
	Title	Skyrmionic chains and lattices in s plus id superconductors			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Physical Review B	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev B
	Volume	101	Issue	6	Pages	064501
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	We report characteristic vortex configurations in s + id superconductors with time-reversal symmetry breaking, exposed to magnetic field. A vortex in the s + id state tends to have an opposite phase winding between s- and d-wave condensates. We find that this peculiar feature together with the competition between s- and d-wave symmetry results in three distinct classes of vortical configurations. When either s or d condensate absolutely dominates, vortices form a conventional lattice. However, when one condensate is relatively dominant, vortices organize in chains that exhibit skyrmionic character, separating the chiral components of the s +/- id order parameter into domains within and outside the chain. Such skyrmionic chains are found stable even at high magnetic field. When s and d condensates have comparable strength, vortices split cores in two chiral components to form full-fledged skyrmions, i.e., coreless topological structures with an integer topological charge, organized in a lattice. We provide characteristic magnetic field distributions of all states, enabling their identification in, e.g., scanning Hall probe and scanning SQUID experiments. These unique vortex states are relevant for high-T-c cuprate and iron-based superconductors, where the relative strength of competing pairing symmetries is expected to be tuned by temperature and/or doping level, and can help distinguish s + is and s + id superconducting phases.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000510745600005	Publication Date	2020-02-03
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2469-9969; 2469-9950	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.7	Times cited	7	Open Access
	Notes	; The authors acknowledge useful discussions with Yong-Ping Zhang. This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No. 61571277 and No. 61771298. L.-F.Z. and M.V.M. acknowledge support from Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.7; 2020 IF: 3.836
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:166507			Serial	6605
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	Author	Zhang, L.; Heijkers, S.; Wang, W.; Martini, L.M.; Tosi, P.; Yang, D.; Fang, Z.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Dry reforming of methane in a nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge: chemical kinetics modeling			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Plasma Sources Science & Technology	Abbreviated Journal	Plasma Sources Sci T
	Volume	31	Issue	5	Pages	055014
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Nanosecond pulsed discharge plasma shows a high degree of non-equilibrium, and exhibits relatively high conversions in the dry reforming of methane. To further improve the application, a good insight of the underlying mechanisms is desired. We developed a chemical kinetics model to explore the underlying plasma chemistry in nanosecond pulsed discharge. We compared the calculated conversions and product selectivities with experimental results, and found reasonable agreement in a wide range of specific energy input. Hence, the chemical kinetics model is able to provide insight in the underlying plasma chemistry. The modeling results predict that the most important dissociation reaction of CO<sub>2</sub>and CH<sub>4</sub>is electron impact dissociation. C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>is the most abundant hydrocarbon product, and it is mainly formed upon reaction of two CH<sub>2</sub>radicals. Furthermore, the vibrational excitation levels of CO<sub>2</sub>contribute for 85% to the total dissociation of CO<sub>2</sub>.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000797660000001	Publication Date	2022-05-01
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0963-0252	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	3.8	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China, 11965018 ; This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52077026, 11965018), L Zhang was also supported by the China Scholarship Council (CSC). Data availability statement The data that support the findings of this study are available upon reasonable request from the authors.			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.8
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:188537			Serial	7069
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	Author	Zhang, L.; Turner, S.; Brosens, F.; Verbeeck, J.
	Title	Model-based determination of dielectric function by STEM low-loss EELS			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2010	Publication	Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev B
	Volume	81	Issue	3	Pages	035102
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Theory of quantum systems and complex systems
	Abstract	Dielectric properties of materials are crucial in describing the electromagnetic response of materials. As devices are becoming considerably smaller than the optical wavelength, the conventional measuring methods based on optical response are limited by their spatial resolution. Electron energy loss spectroscopy performed in a scanning transmission electron microscope is a good alternative to obtain the dielectric properties with excellent spatial resolution. Due to the overlap of diffraction discs in scanning transmission electron microscopy, it is difficult to apply conventional experimental settings to suppress retardation losses. In this contribution, a relativistic dielectric model for the loss function is presented which is used in a model based optimization scheme to estimate the complex dielectric function of a material. The method is applied to experiments on bulk diamond and SrTiO3 and shows a good agreement with optical reference data when retardation effects are included. Application of this technique to nanoparticles is possible but several theoretical assumptions made in the model of the loss function are violated and interpretation becomes problematic.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lancaster, Pa	Editor
	Language		Wos	000274002300027	Publication Date	2010-01-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1098-0121;1550-235X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.836	Times cited	9	Open Access
	Notes	Esteem – 026019; Fwo			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.836; 2010 IF: 3.774
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:81258UA @ admin @ c:irua:81258			Serial	2098
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	Author	Zhang, L.; Erni, R.; Verbeeck, J.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	Retrieving the dielectric function of diamond from valence electron energy-loss spectroscopy			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2008	Publication	Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev B
	Volume	77	Issue	19	Pages	195119,1-7
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	A data-acquisition and data-processing method is proposed that aims at minimizing the effect of retardation on the Kramers-Kronig analysis of valence electron energy-loss spectra. This method is applied to diamond, which, due to its high dielectric constant, is a material that shows strong retardation effects and thus is a challenging material to be studied by valence electron energy-loss spectroscopy. The results obtained show a significant improvement but still show small discrepancies with respect to optical data, which are most likely due to the residual retardation contributions and the fact that nonzero momentum transfers are measured.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lancaster, Pa	Editor
	Language		Wos	000256971600055	Publication Date	2008-05-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1098-0121;1550-235X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.836	Times cited	16	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.836; 2008 IF: 3.322
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:70219UA @ admin @ c:irua:70219			Serial	2900
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	Author	Zhang, L.-F.; Covaci, L.; Peeters, F.M.
	Title	Tomasch effect in nanoscale superconductors			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev B
	Volume	91	Issue	91	Pages	024508
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	The Tomasch effect (TE) is due to quasiparticle interference (QPI) as induced by a nonuniform superconducting order parameter, which results in oscillations in the density of states (DOS) at energies above the superconducting gap. Quantum confinement in nanoscale superconductors leads to an inhomogenerous distribution of the Cooperpair condensate, which, as we found, triggers the manifestation of a new TE. We investigate the electronic structure of nanoscale superconductors by solving the Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) equations self-consistently and describe the TE determined by two types of processes, involving two-or three-subband QPIs. Both types of QPIs result in additional BCS-like Bogoliubov-quasiparticles and BCS-like energy gaps leading to oscillations in the DOS and modulated wave patterns in the local density of states. These effects are strongly related to the symmetries of the system. A reduced 4 x 4 inter-subband BdG Hamiltonian is established in order to describe analytically the TE of two-subband QPIs. Our study is relevant to nanoscale superconductors, either nanowires or thin films, Bose-Einsten condensates, and confined systems such as two-dimensional electron gas interface superconductivity.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lancaster, Pa	Editor
	Language		Wos	000348473700003	Publication Date	2015-01-16
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1098-0121;1550-235X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.836	Times cited	6	Open Access
	Notes	; This work was supported by the Flemish Science Foundation (FWO-Vlaanderen) and the Methusalem funding of the Flemish Government. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.836; 2015 IF: 3.736
	Call Number	c:irua:123864			Serial	3670
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	Author	Zhang, L.-F.; Covaci, L.; Milošević, M.V.; Berdiyorov, G.R.; Peeters, F.M.
	Title	Vortex states in nanoscale superconducting squares : the influence of quantum confinement			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev B
	Volume	88	Issue	14	Pages	144501
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	Bogoliubov-de Gennes theory is used to investigate the effect of the size of a superconducting square on the vortex states in the quantum confinement regime. When the superconducting coherence length is comparable to the Fermi wavelength, the shape resonances of the superconducting order parameter have strong influence on the vortex configuration. Several unconventional vortex states, including asymmetric ones, giant-multivortex combinations, and states comprising giant antivortices, were found as ground states and their stability was found to be very sensitive on the value of k(F)xi(0), the size of the sample W, and the magnetic flux Phi. By increasing the temperature and/or enlarging the size of the sample, quantum confinement is suppressed and the conventional mesoscopic vortex states as predicted by the Ginzburg-Laudau (GL) theory are recovered. However, contrary to the GL results we found that the states containing symmetry-induced vortex-antivortex pairs are stable over the whole temperature range. It turns out that the inhomogeneous order parameter induced by quantum confinement favors vortex-antivortex molecules, as well as giant vortices with a rich structure in the vortex core-unattainable in the GL domain.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000325498300004	Publication Date	2013-10-09
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1098-0121;1550-235X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.836	Times cited	19	Open Access
	Notes	; This work was supported by the Flemish Science Foundation (FWO-Vlaanderen) and Methusalem Funding of the Flemish government. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.836; 2013 IF: 3.664
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:111145			Serial	3891
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	Author	Zhang, L.; Fernández Becerra, V.; Covaci, L.; Milošević, M.V.
	Title	Electronic properties of emergent topological defects in chiral p-wave superconductivity			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Physical review B	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev B
	Volume	94	Issue	94	Pages	024520
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	Chiral p-wave superconductors in applied magnetic field can exhibit more complex topological defects than just conventional superconducting vortices, due to the two-component order parameter (OP) and the broken time-reversal symmetry. We investigate the electronic properties of those exotic states, some of which contain clusters of one-component vortices in chiral components of the OP and/or exhibit skyrmionic character in the relative OP space, all obtained as a self-consistent solution of the microscopic Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations. We reveal the link between the local density of states (LDOS) of the novel topological states and the behavior of the chiral domain wall between the OP components, enabling direct identification of those states in scanning tunneling microscopy. For example, a skyrmion always contains a closed chiral domain wall, which is found to be mapped exactly by zero-bias peaks in LDOS. Moreover, the LDOS exhibits electron-hole asymmetry, which is different from the LDOS of conventional vortex states with same vorticity. Finally, we present the magnetic field and temperature dependence of the properties of a skyrmion, indicating that this topological defect can be surprisingly large in size, and can be pinned by an artificially indented nonsuperconducting closed path in the sample. These features are expected to facilitate the experimental observation of skyrmionic states, thereby enabling experimental verification of chirality in emerging superconducting materials.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Physical Society	Place of Publication	New York, N.Y	Editor
	Language		Wos	000381479500002	Publication Date	2016-07-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2469-9969	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.836	Times cited	27	Open Access
	Notes	; This work was supported by the Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.836
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:135742			Serial	4303
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	Author	Zhang, L.-F.; Flammia, L.; Covaci, L.; Perali, A.; Milošević, M.V.
	Title	Multifaceted impact of a surface step on superconductivity in atomically thin films			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	Physical review B	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev B
	Volume	96	Issue	10	Pages	104509
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	Recent experiments show that an atomic step on the surface of atomically thin metallic films can strongly affect electronic transport. Here we reveal multiple and versatile effects that such a surface step can have on superconductivity in ultrathin films. By solving the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations self-consistently in this regime, where quantum confinement dominates the emergent physics, we show that the electronic structure is profoundly modified on the two sides of the step, as is the spatial distribution of the superconducting order parameter and its dependence on temperature and electronic gating. Furthermore, the surface step changes nontrivially the transport properties both in the proximity-induced superconducting pair correlations and the Josephson effect, depending on the step height. These results offer a new route to tailor superconducting circuits and design atomically thin heterojunctions made of one same material.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Physical Society	Place of Publication	New York, N.Y	Editor
	Language		Wos	000411076000012	Publication Date	2017-09-18
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2469-9969; 2469-9950	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.836	Times cited	7	Open Access
	Notes	; This work was supported by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen), the Special Research Funds of the University of Antwerp (TOPBOF project) and the Italian MIUR through the PRIN 2015 program (Contract No. 2015C5SEJJ001). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.836
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:146750			Serial	4790
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