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	Author	Van Aert, S.; Batenburg, K.J.; Rossell, M.D.; Erni, R.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	Three-dimensional atomic imaging of crystalline nanoparticles			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Nature	Abbreviated Journal	Nature
	Volume	470	Issue	7334	Pages	374-377
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab
	Abstract	Determining the three-dimensional (3D) arrangement of atoms in crystalline nanoparticles is important for nanometre-scale device engineering and also for applications involving nanoparticles, such as optoelectronics or catalysis. A nanoparticles physical and chemical properties are controlled by its exact 3D morphology, structure and composition1. Electron tomography enables the recovery of the shape of a nanoparticle from a series of projection images2, 3, 4. Although atomic-resolution electron microscopy has been feasible for nearly four decades, neither electron tomography nor any other experimental technique has yet demonstrated atomic resolution in three dimensions. Here we report the 3D reconstruction of a complex crystalline nanoparticle at atomic resolution. To achieve this, we combined aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy5, 6, 7, statistical parameter estimation theory8, 9 and discrete tomography10, 11. Unlike conventional electron tomography, only two images of the targeta silver nanoparticle embedded in an aluminium matrixare sufficient for the reconstruction when combined with available knowledge about the particles crystallographic structure. Additional projections confirm the reliability of the result. The results we present help close the gap between the atomic resolution achievable in two-dimensional electron micrographs and the coarser resolution that has hitherto been obtained by conventional electron tomography.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	000287409100037	Publication Date	2011-02-02
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0028-0836;1476-4687;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	40.137	Times cited	341	Open Access
	Notes	Esteem 026019			Approved	Most recent IF: 40.137; 2011 IF: 36.280
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:86745			Serial	3644
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	Author	Bals, S.; Goris, B.; de Backer, A.; Van Aert, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	Atomic resolution electron tomography			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	MRS bulletin	Abbreviated Journal	Mrs Bull
	Volume	41	Issue	41	Pages	525-530
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Over the last two decades, three-dimensional (3D) imaging by transmission electron microscopy or “electron tomography” has evolved into a powerful tool to investigate a variety of nanomaterials in different fields, such as life sciences, chemistry, solid-state physics, and materials science. Most of these results were obtained with nanometer-scale resolution, but different approaches have recently pushed the resolution to the atomic level. Such information is a prerequisite to understand the specific relationship between the atomic structure and the physicochemical properties of (nano) materials. We provide an overview of the latest progress in the field of atomic-resolution electron tomography. Different imaging and reconstruction approaches are presented, and state-of-the-art results are discussed. This article demonstrates the power and importance of electron tomography with atomic-scale resolution.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Pittsburgh, Pa	Editor
	Language		Wos	000382508100012	Publication Date	2016-07-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0883-7694	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	5.199	Times cited	19	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	; The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the Research Foundation Flanders (G.0381.16N, G.036915, G.0374.13, and funding of postdoctoral grants to B.G. and A.D.B.). S.B. acknowledges the European Research Council, ERC Grant Number 335078-Colouratom. The research leading to these results received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Program under Grant Agreements 312483 (ESTEEM2). The authors would like to thank the colleagues who have contributed to this work, including K.J. Batenburg, J. De Beenhouwer, R. Erni, M.D. Rossell, W. Van den Broek, L. Liz-Marzan, E. Carbo-Argibay, S. Gomez-Grana, P. Lievens, M. Van Bael, B. Partoens, B. Schoeters, and J. Sijbers. ; ecas_sara			Approved	Most recent IF: 5.199
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:135690			Serial	4299
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	Author	Shi, H.; Frenzel, J.; Martinez, G.T.; Van Rompaey, S.; Bakulin, A.; Kulkova, A.; Van Aert, S.; Schryvers, D.
	Title	Site occupation of Nb atoms in ternary Ni-Ti-Nb shape memory alloys			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	Acta materialia	Abbreviated Journal	Acta Mater
	Volume	74	Issue		Pages	85-95
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Nb occupancy in the austenite B2-NiTi matrix and Ti2Ni phase in NiTiNb shape memory alloys was investigated by aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and precession electron diffraction. In both cases, Nb atoms were found to prefer to occupy the Ti rather than Ni sites. A projector augmented wave method within density functional theory was used to calculate the atomic and electronic structures of the austenitic B2-NiTi matrix phase and the Ti2Ni precipitates both with and without addition of Nb. The obtained formation energies and analysis of structural and electronic characteristics explain the preference for Ti sites for Nb over Ni sites.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000338621400009	Publication Date	2014-05-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1359-6454;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	5.301	Times cited	21	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 5.301; 2014 IF: 4.465
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:118334			Serial	3028
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	Author	Van Aert, S.; De Backer, A.; Martinez, G.T.; den Dekker, A.J.; Van Dyck, D.; Bals, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	Advanced electron crystallography through model-based imaging			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	IUCrJ	Abbreviated Journal	Iucrj
	Volume	3	Issue	3	Pages	71-83
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab; Engineering Management (ENM)
	Abstract	The increasing need for precise determination of the atomic arrangement of non-periodic structures in materials design and the control of nanostructures explains the growing interest in quantitative transmission electron microscopy. The aim is to extract precise and accurate numbers for unknown structure parameters including atomic positions, chemical concentrations and atomic numbers. For this purpose, statistical parameter estimation theory has been shown to provide reliable results. In this theory, observations are considered purely as data planes, from which structure parameters have to be determined using a parametric model describing the images. As such, the positions of atom columns can be measured with a precision of the order of a few picometres, even though the resolution of the electron microscope is still one or two orders of magnitude larger. Moreover, small differences in average atomic number, which cannot be distinguished visually, can be quantified using high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy images. In addition, this theory allows one to measure compositional changes at interfaces, to count atoms with single-atom sensitivity, and to reconstruct atomic structures in three dimensions. This feature article brings the reader up to date, summarizing the underlying theory and highlighting some of the recent applications of quantitative model-based transmisson electron microscopy.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000368590900010	Publication Date	2015-11-13
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2052-2525;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	5.793	Times cited	30	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	The authors gratefully acknowledge the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) for funding and for a PhD grant to ADB. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union 7th Framework Program (FP7/20072013) under grant agreement No. 312483 (ESTEEM2). SB and GVT acknowledge the European Research Council under the 7th Framework Program (FP7), ERC grant No. 335078 – COLOURATOMS and ERC grant No. 246791 – COUNTATOMS.; esteem2jra2; ECASSara; (ROMEO:green; preprint:; postprint:can ; pdfversion:can);			Approved	Most recent IF: 5.793
	Call Number	c:irua:129589 c:irua:129589			Serial	3965
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	Author	Monai, M.; Jenkinson, K.; Melcherts, A.E.M.; Louwen, J.N.; Irmak, E.A.; Van Aert, S.; Altantzis, T.; Vogt, C.; van der Stam, W.; Duchon, T.; Smid, B.; Groeneveld, E.; Berben, P.; Bals, S.; Weckhuysen, B.M.
	Title	Restructuring of titanium oxide overlayers over nickel nanoparticles during catalysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	Science	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	380	Issue	6645	Pages	644-651
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT)
	Abstract	Reducible supports can affect the performance of metal catalysts by the formation of suboxide overlayers upon reduction, a process referred to as the strong metal-support interaction (SMSI). A combination of operando electron microscopy and vibrational spectroscopy revealed that thin TiOx overlayers formed on nickel/titanium dioxide catalysts during 400 degrees C reduction were completely removed under carbon dioxide hydrogenation conditions. Conversely, after 600 degrees C reduction, exposure to carbon dioxide hydrogenation reaction conditions led to only partial reexposure of nickel, forming interfacial sites in contact with TiOx and favoring carbon-carbon coupling by providing a carbon species reservoir. Our findings challenge the conventional understanding of SMSIs and call for more-detailed operando investigations of nanocatalysts at the single-particle level to revisit static models of structure-activity relationships.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000999020900010	Publication Date	2023-05-11
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0036-8075; 1095-9203	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	56.9	Times cited	29	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	This work was supported by BASF and NWO CHIPP (research grant to B.M.W.); the MCEC NWO Gravitation Program (B.M.W.); the ARC-CBBC NWO Program (B.M.W.); the European Research Council (grant 770887 PICOMETRICS to S.V.A.); and the European Research Council (grant 815128 REALNANO to S.B.).			Approved	Most recent IF: 56.9; 2023 IF: 37.205
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:197432			Serial	8923
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	Author	Fatermans, J.; Romolini, G.; Altantzis, T.; Hofkens, J.; Roeffaers, M.B.J.; Bals, S.; Van Aert, S.
	Title	Atomic-scale detection of individual lead clusters confined in Linde Type A zeolites			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Nanoscale	Abbreviated Journal	Nanoscale
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT)
	Abstract	Structural analysis of metal clusters confined in nanoporous materials is typically performed by X-ray-driven techniques. Although X-ray analysis has proved its strength in the characterization of metal clusters, it provides averaged structural information. Therefore, we here present an alternative workflow for bringing the characterization of confined metal clusters towards the local scale. This workflow is based on the combination of aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy (TEM), TEM image simulations, and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) with advanced statistical techniques. In this manner, we were able to characterize the clustering of Pb atoms in Linde Type A (LTA) zeolites with Pb loadings as low as 5 wt%. Moreover, individual Pb clusters could be directly detected. The proposed methodology thus enables a local-scale characterization of confined metal clusters in zeolites. This is important for further elucidation of the connection between the structure and the physicochemical properties of such systems.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000809619900001	Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2040-3364	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.7	Times cited	2	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	The authors acknowledge the Research Foundation Flanders through project fundings (FWO, G026718N, G050218N, ZW15_09-G0H6316N, and W002221N) and through a PhD scholarship to G.R. (grant 11C6920N), as well as iBOF-21-085 PERSIST. T.A. and S.V.A. acknowledge funding from the University of Antwerp Research fund (BOF). J.H. acknowledges the Flemish government through long-term structural funding Methusalem (CASAS2, Meth/15/04) and the MPI as MPI fellow. M.R. acknowledges funding by the KU Leuven Research Fund (C14/19/079). S.B. and S.V.A. acknowledge funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (ERC Consolidator Grants No. 815128−REALNANO and No. 770887−PICOMETRICS). The authors thank Dr. D. Chernyshov for the collection of XRD measurements.			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.7
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:189061			Serial	7076
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	Author	Grünewald, L.; Chezganov, D.; De Meyer, R.; Orekhov, A.; Van Aert, S.; Bogaerts, A.; Bals, S.; Verbeeck, J.
	Title	In Situ Plasma Studies Using a Direct Current Microplasma in a Scanning Electron Microscope			Type	A1 Journal Article
	Year	2024	Publication	Advanced Materials Technologies	Abbreviated Journal	Adv Materials Technologies
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	A1 Journal Article; Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT) ;
	Abstract	Microplasmas can be used for a wide range of technological applications and to improve the understanding of fundamental physics. Scanning electron microscopy, on the other hand, provides insights into the sample morphology and chemistry of materials from the mm‐ down to the nm‐scale. Combining both would provide direct insight into plasma‐sample interactions in real‐time and at high spatial resolution. Up till now, very few attempts in this direction have been made, and significant challenges remain. This work presents a stable direct current glow discharge microplasma setup built inside a scanning electron microscope. The experimental setup is capable of real‐time in situ imaging of the sample evolution during plasma operation and it demonstrates localized sputtering and sample oxidation. Further, the experimental parameters such as varying gas mixtures, electrode polarity, and field strength are explored and experimental<italic>V</italic>–<italic>I</italic>curves under various conditions are provided. These results demonstrate the capabilities of this setup in potential investigations of plasma physics, plasma‐surface interactions, and materials science and its practical applications. The presented setup shows the potential to have several technological applications, for example, to locally modify the sample surface (e.g., local oxidation and ion implantation for nanotechnology applications) on the µm‐scale.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2024-02-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2365-709X	ISBN		Additional Links
	Impact Factor	6.8	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	L.G., S.B., and J.V. acknowledge support from the iBOF-21-085 PERsist research fund. D.C., S.V.A., and J.V. acknowledge funding from a TOPBOF project of the University of Antwerp (FFB 170366). R.D.M., A.B., and J.V. acknowledge funding from the Methusalem project of the University of Antwerp (FFB 15001A, FFB 15001C). A.O. and J.V. acknowledge funding from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) project SBO S000121N.			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.8; 2024 IF: NA
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @			Serial	8995
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	Author	Bals, S.; Van Aert, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	High resolution electron tomography			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Current opinion in solid state and materials science	Abbreviated Journal	Curr Opin Solid St M
	Volume	17	Issue	3	Pages	107-114
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Reaching atomic resolution in 3D has been the ultimate goal in the field of electron tomography for many years. Significant progress, both on the theoretical as well as the experimental side has recently resulted in several exciting examples demonstrating the ability to visualise atoms in 3D. In this paper, we will review the different steps that have pushed the resolution in 3D to the atomic level. A broad range of methodologies and practical examples together with their impact on materials science will be discussed. Finally, we will provide an outlook and will describe future challenges in the field of high resolution electron tomography.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	000323869800003	Publication Date	2013-03-30
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1359-0286;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.938	Times cited	24	Open Access
	Notes	Fwo; 312483 Esteem; Countatoms;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.938; 2013 IF: 7.167
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:109454			Serial	1457
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	Author	De Backer, A.; Jones, L.; Lobato, I.; Altantzis, T.; Goris, B.; Nellist, P.D.; Bals, S.; Van Aert, S.
	Title	Three-dimensional atomic models from a single projection using Z-contrast imaging: verification by electron tomography and opportunities			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	Nanoscale	Abbreviated Journal	Nanoscale
	Volume	9	Issue	9	Pages	8791-8798
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	In order to fully exploit structure–property relations of nanomaterials, three-dimensional (3D) characterization at the atomic scale is often required. In recent years, the resolution of electron tomography has reached the atomic scale. However, such tomography typically requires several projection images demanding substantial electron dose. A newly developed alternative circumvents this by counting the number of atoms across a single projection. These atom counts can be used to create an initial atomic model with which an energy minimization can be applied to obtain a relaxed 3D reconstruction of the nanoparticle. Here, we compare, at the atomic scale, this single projection reconstruction approach with tomography and find an excellent agreement. This new approach allows for the characterization of beam-sensitive materials or where the acquisition of a tilt series is impossible. As an example, the utility is illustrated by the 3D atomic scale characterization of a nanodumbbell on an in situ heating holder of limited tilt range.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000404614700031	Publication Date	2017-06-09
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2040-3364	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.367	Times cited	33	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through project fundings (G.0374.13N, G.0369.15N, G.0368.15N, and WO.010.16N) and postdoctoral grants to T. Altantzis, A. De Backer, and B. Goris. S. Bals acknowledges financial support from the European Research Council (Starting Grant No. COLOURATOM 335078). Funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme under Grant Agreement 312483 – ESTEEM2 (Integrated Infrastructure Initiatieve-I3) is acknowledged. The authors would also like to thank Luis Liz-Marzán, Marek Grzelczak, and Ana Sánchez-Iglesias for sample provision. (ROMEO:yellow; preprint:; postprint:restricted ; pdfversion:cannot); saraecas; ECAS_Sara;			Approved	Most recent IF: 7.367
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:144436UA @ admin @ c:irua:144436			Serial	4617
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	Author	Liu, P.; Arslan Irmak, E.; De Backer, A.; De wael, A.; Lobato, I.; Béché, A.; Van Aert, S.; Bals, S.
	Title	Three-dimensional atomic structure of supported Au nanoparticles at high temperature			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2021	Publication	Nanoscale	Abbreviated Journal	Nanoscale
	Volume	13	Issue		Pages
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Au nanoparticles (NPs) deposited on CeO2 are extensively used as thermal catalysts since the morphology of the NPs is expected to be stable at elevated temperatures. Although it is well known that the activity of Au NPs depends on their size and surface structure, their three-dimensional (3D) structure at the atomic scale has not been completely characterized as a function of temperature. In this paper, we overcome the limitations of conventional electron tomography by combining atom counting applied to aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy images and molecular dynamics relaxation. In this manner, we are able to perform an atomic resolution 3D investigation of supported Au NPs. Our results enable us to characterize the 3D equilibrium structure of single NPs as a function of temperature. Moreover, the dynamic 3D structural evolution of the NPs at high temperatures, including surface layer jumping and crystalline transformations, has been studied.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000612999200029	Publication Date	2020-12-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2040-3364	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.367	Times cited	13	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	This work was supported by the European Research Council (Grant 815128 REALNANO to SB, Grant 770887 PICOMETRICS to SVA, Grant 823717 ESTEEM3). The authors acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through grants to A. D. w. and A. D. B. and project funding G.0267.18N.; sygma; esteem3JRA; esteem3reported			Approved	Most recent IF: 7.367
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:174858			Serial	6665
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	Author	Pullini, D.; Sgroi, M.; Mahmoud, A.; Gauquelin, N.; Maschio, L.; Lorenzo-Ferrari, A.M.; Groenen, R.; Damen, C.; Rijnders, G.; van den Bos, K.H.W.; Van Aert, S.; Verbeeck, J.
	Title	One step toward a new generation of C-MOS compatible oxide p-n junctions: Structure of the LSMO/ZnO interface elucidated by an experimental and theoretical synergic work			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	ACS applied materials and interfaces	Abbreviated Journal	Acs Appl Mater Inter
	Volume	9	Issue	9	Pages	20974-20980
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Heterostructures formed by La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/ZnO (LSMO/ZnO) interfaces exhibit extremely interesting electronic properties making them promising candidates for novel oxide p–n junctions, with multifunctional features. In this work, the structure of the interface is studied through a combined experimental/theoretical approach. Heterostructures were grown epitaxially and homogeneously on 4″ silicon wafers, characterized by advanced electron microscopy imaging and spectroscopy and simulated by ab initio density functional theory calculations. The simulation results suggest that the most stable interface configuration is composed of the (001) face of LSMO, with the LaO planes exposed, in contact with the (112̅0) face of ZnO. The ab initio predictions agree well with experimental high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy images and confirm the validity of the suggested structural model. Electron energy loss spectroscopy confirms the atomic sharpness of the interface. From statistical parameter estimation theory, it has been found that the distances between the interfacial planes are displaced from the respective ones of the bulk material. This can be ascribed to the strain induced by the mismatch between the lattices of the two materials employed
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000404090000079	Publication Date	2017-05-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1944-8244	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.504	Times cited	4	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	Financial support is acknowledged from the European Commission – DG research and innovation to the collaborative research project named Interfacing oxides (IFOX, Contract No. NMP3-LA-2010-246102). N.G. and J.V. acknowledge the European Union (EU) Council under the 7th Framework Program (FP7) ERC Starting Grant 278510 VORTEX for support. S.V.A. and K.H.W.B. acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders through project fundings (G.0374.13N , G.0368.15N, and G.0369.15N) and a Ph.D. research grant to K.H.W.B. The microscope was partly funded by the Hercules Fund from the Flemish Government. The microscope used in this work was partly funded by the Hercules Fund from the Flemish Government. CINECA is acknowledged for computational facilities (Iscra project HP10CMO1UP).			Approved	Most recent IF: 7.504
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:144431UA @ admin @ c:irua:144431			Serial	4621
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	Author	van den Bos, K.H. W.; De Backer, A.; Martinez, G.T.; Winckelmans, N.; Bals, S.; Nellist, P.D.; Van Aert, S.
	Title	Unscrambling Mixed Elements using High Angle Annular Dark Field Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Physical review letters	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev Lett
	Volume	116	Issue	116	Pages	246101
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The development of new nanocrystals with outstanding physicochemical properties requires a full threedimensional (3D) characterization at the atomic scale. For homogeneous nanocrystals, counting the number of atoms in each atomic column from high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy images has been shown to be a successful technique to get access to this 3D information. However, technologically important nanostructures often consist of more than one chemical element. In order to extend atom counting to heterogeneous materials, a new atomic lensing model is presented. This model takes dynamical electron diffraction into account and opens up new possibilities for unraveling the 3D composition at the atomic scale. Here, the method is applied to determine the 3D structure of Au@Ag core-shell nanorods, but it is applicable to a wide range of heterogeneous complex nanostructures.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000378059500010	Publication Date	2016-06-17
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0031-9007	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.462	Times cited	46	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	The authors acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through Projects No. G.0374.13N, No. G.0368.15N, and No. G.0369.15N, and by grants to K. H.W. van den Bos and A. De Backer. S. Bals and N. Winckelmans acknowledge funding from the European Research Council (Starting Grant No. COLOURATOMS 335078). The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme under Grant No. 312483—ESTEEM2. The authors are grateful to A. Rosenauer for providing the STEMsim program.; esteem2jra2; ECASSara; (ROMEO:green; preprint:; postprint:can ; pdfversion:can);			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.462
	Call Number	c:irua:133954 c:irua:133954			Serial	4084
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	Author	Fatermans, J.; den Dekker, A. J.; Müller-Caspary, K.; Lobato, I.; O’Leary, C. M.; Nellist, P. D.; Van Aert, S.
	Title	Single Atom Detection from Low Contrast-to-Noise Ratio Electron Microscopy Images			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Physical review letters	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev Lett
	Volume	121	Issue	5	Pages	056101
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab
	Abstract	Single atom detection is of key importance to solving a wide range of scientific and technological problems. The strong interaction of electrons with matter makes transmission electron microscopy one of the most promising techniques. In particular, aberration correction using scanning transmission electron microscopy has made a significant step forward toward detecting single atoms. However, to overcome radiation damage, related to the use of high-energy electrons, the incoming electron dose should be kept low enough. This results in images exhibiting a low signal-to-noise ratio and extremely weak contrast, especially for light-element nanomaterials. To overcome this problem, a combination of physics-based model fitting and the use of a model-order selection method is proposed, enabling one to detect single atoms with high reliability.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000440143200007	Publication Date	2018-07-30
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0031-9007	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.462	Times cited	6	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	The authors acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through Project fundings (No. WO.010.16N, No. G.0368.15N, No. G.0502.18N). The authors are grateful to M. Van Bael and P. Lievens (KU Leuven) and to L. M. Liz-Marzán (CIC biomaGUNE and Ikerbasque) for providing the samples. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No. 770887).			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.462
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:152819			Serial	5004
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	Author	Van Aert, S.; De Backer, A.; Jones, L.; Martinez, G.T.; Béché, A.; Nellist, P.D.
	Title	Control of Knock-On Damage for 3D Atomic Scale Quantification of Nanostructures: Making Every Electron Count in Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Physical review letters	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev Lett
	Volume	122	Issue	6	Pages	066101
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Understanding nanostructures down to the atomic level is the key to optimizing the design of advancedmaterials with revolutionary novel properties. This requires characterization methods capable of quantifying the three-dimensional (3D) atomic structure with the highest possible precision. A successful approach to reach this goal is to count the number of atoms in each atomic column from 2D annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy images. To count atoms with single atom sensitivity, a minimum electron dose has been shown to be necessary, while on the other hand beam damage, induced by the high energy electrons, puts a limit on the tolerable dose. An important challenge is therefore to develop experimental strategies to optimize the electron dose by balancing atom-counting fidelity vs the risk of knock-on damage. To achieve this goal, a statistical framework combined with physics-based modeling of the dose-dependent processes is here proposed and experimentally verified. This model enables an investigator to theoretically predict, in advance of an experimental measurement, the optimal electron dose resulting in an unambiguous quantification of nanostructures in their native state with the highest attainable precision.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000458824200008	Publication Date	2019-02-13
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0031-9007	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.462	Times cited	3	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No. 770887). The authors acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through project fundings (WO.010.16N, G.0934.17N, G.0502.18N, G.0267.18N), and a grant to A. D. B. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme under Grant Agreement No. 312483— ESTEEM2 (Integrated Infrastructure Initiative-I3) and the UK EPSRC (Grant No. EP/M010708/1).			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.462
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @UA @ admin @ c:irua:157175			Serial	5156
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	Author	Müller-Caspary, K.; Grieb, T.; Müßener, J.; Gauquelin, N.; Hille, P.; Schörmann, J.; Verbeeck, J.; Van Aert, S.; Eickhoff, M.; Rosenauer, A.
	Title	Electrical Polarization in AlN/GaN Nanodisks Measured by Momentum-Resolved 4D Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Physical review letters	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev Lett
	Volume	122	Issue	10	Pages	106102
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	We report the mapping of polarization-induced internal electric fields in AlN/GaN nanowire heterostructures at unit cell resolution as a key for the correlation of optical and structural phenomena in semiconductor optoelectronics. Momentum-resolved aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy is employed as a new imaging mode that simultaneously provides four-dimensional data in real and reciprocal space. We demonstrate how internal mesoscale and atomic electric fields can be separated in an experiment, which is verified by comprehensive dynamical simulations of multiple electron scattering. A mean difference of 5.3 +- 1.5 MV/cm is found for the polarization-induced electric fields in AlN and GaN, being in accordance with dedicated simulations and photoluminescence measurements in previous publications.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000461067700007	Publication Date	2019-03-11
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0031-9007	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.462	Times cited	26	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	The authors gratefully acknowledge the help of Natalie Claes for analyzing the EDX data. K. M.-C. acknowledges funding from the Initiative and Network Fund of the Helmholtz Association within the Helmholtz Young Investigator Group moreSTEM under Contract No. VHNG- 1317 at Forschungszentrum Jülich in Germany. The direct electron detector (Medipix3, Quantum Detectors) was funded by the Hercules fund from the Flemish Government. N. G. and J. V. acknowledge funding from the Geconcentreerde Onderzoekacties project Solarpaint of the University of Antwerp. T. G. and A. R. acknowledge support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Germany) under Contract No. RO2057/8-3. This work also received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Contract No. 770887). The authors acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through project funding (G.0368.15N).; Helmholtz Association, VH-NG-1317 ; Forschungszentrum Jülich; Flemish Government; Universiteit Antwerpen; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, RO2057/8-3 ; H2020 European Research Council, 770887 ; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, G.0368.15N ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.462
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @UA @ admin @ c:irua:158120			Serial	5157
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	Author	van Thiel, T. c.; Brzezicki, W.; Autieri, C.; Hortensius, J. r.; Afanasiev, D.; Gauquelin, N.; Jannis, D.; Janssen, N.; Groenendijk, D. j.; Fatermans, J.; Van Aert, S.; Verbeeck, J.; Cuoco, M.; Caviglia, A. d.
	Title	Coupling Charge and Topological Reconstructions at Polar Oxide Interfaces			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2021	Publication	Physical Review Letters	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev Lett
	Volume	127	Issue	12	Pages	127202
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	In oxide heterostructures, different materials are integrated into a single artificial crystal, resulting in a breaking of inversion symmetry across the heterointerfaces. A notable example is the interface between polar and nonpolar materials, where valence discontinuities lead to otherwise inaccessible charge and spin states. This approach paved the way for the discovery of numerous unconventional properties absent in the bulk constituents. However, control of the geometric structure of the electronic wave functions in correlated oxides remains an open challenge. Here, we create heterostructures consisting of ultrathin SrRuO3, an itinerant ferromagnet hosting momentum-space sources of Berry curvature, and LaAlO3, a polar wide-band-gap insulator. Transmission electron microscopy reveals an atomically sharp LaO/RuO2/SrO interface configuration, leading to excess charge being pinned near the LaAlO3/SrRuO3 interface. We demonstrate through magneto-optical characterization, theoretical calculations and transport measurements that the real-space charge reconstruction drives a reorganization of the topological charges in the band structure, thereby modifying the momentum-space Berry curvature in SrRuO3. Our results illustrate how the topological and magnetic features of oxides can be manipulated by engineering charge discontinuities at oxide interfaces.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000704665000010	Publication Date	2021-09-16
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0031-9007	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.462	Times cited	17	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	The authors thank E. Lesne, M. Lee, H. Barakov, M. Matthiesen and U. Filippozzi for discussions. The authors are grateful to E.J.S. van Thiel for producing the illustration in Fig. 4a. This work was supported by the European Research Council under the European Unions Horizon 2020 programme/ERC Grant agreements No. [677458], [770887] and No. [731473] (Quantox of QuantERA ERA-NET Cofund in Quantum Technologies) and by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO/OCW) as part of the Frontiers of Nanoscience (NanoFront) and VIDI program. The authors acknowledge funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. [823717] – ESTEEM3. N. G., J. V., and S. V. A. acknowledge funding from the University of Antwerp through the Concerted Research Actions (GOA) project Solarpaint and the TOP project. C. A. and W. B. are supported by the Foundation for Polish Science through the International Research Agendas program co-financed by the European Union within the Smart Growth Operational Programme. C. A. acknowledges access to the computing facilities of the Interdisciplinary Center of Modeling at the University of Warsaw, Grant No. G73-23 and G75-10. W.B. acknowledges support from the Narodowe Centrum Nauk (NCN, National Science Centre, Poland) Project No. 2019/34/E/ST3/00404'; esteem3TA; esteem3reported			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.462
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:182595			Serial	6824
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	Author	Bals, S.; Van Aert, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Avila-Brande, D.
	Title	Statistical estimation of atomic positions from exit wave reconstruction with a precision in the picometer range			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2006	Publication	Physical review letters	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev Lett
	Volume	96	Issue	9	Pages	096106,1-4
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The local structure of Bi4W2/3Mn1/3O8Cl is determined using quantitative transmission electron microscopy. The electron exit wave, which is closely related to the projected crystal potential, is reconstructed and used as a starting point for statistical parameter estimation. This method allows us to refine all atomic positions on a local scale, including those of the light atoms, with a precision in the picometer range. Using this method one is no longer restricted to the information limit of the electron microscope. Our results are in good agreement with x-ray powder diffraction data demonstrating the reliability of the method. Moreover, it will be shown that local effects can be interpreted using this approach.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000235905700042	Publication Date	2006-03-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0031-9007;1079-7114;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.462	Times cited	69	Open Access
	Notes	Fwo; Iap V			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.462; 2006 IF: 7.072
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:56977			Serial	3154
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	Author	Hao, Y.; Velpula, G.; Kaltenegger, M.; Bodlos, W.R.; Vibert, F.; Mali, K.S.; De Feyter, S.; Resel, R.; Geerts, Y.H.; Van Aert, S.; Beljonne, D.; Lazzaroni, R.
	Title	From 2D to 3D : bridging self-assembled monolayers to a substrate-induced polymorph in a molecular semiconductor			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Chemistry of materials	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Mater
	Volume	34	Issue	5	Pages	2238-2248
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	In this study, a new bottom-up approach is proposed to predict the crystal structure of the substrate-induced polymorph (SIP) of an archetypal molecular semiconductor. In spite of intense efforts, the formation mechanism of SIPs is still not fully understood, and predicting their crystal structure is a very delicate task. Here, we selected lead phthalocyanine (PbPc) as a prototypical molecular material because it is a highly symmetrical yet nonplanar molecule and we demonstrate that the growth and crystal structure of the PbPc SIPs can be templated by the corresponding physisorbed self-assembled molecular networks (SAMNs). Starting from SAMNs of PbPc formed at the solution/graphite interface, the structural and energetic aspects of the assembly were studied by a combination of in situ scanning tunneling microscopy and multiscale computational chemistry approach. Then, the growth of a PbPc SIP on top of the physisorbed monolayer was modeled without prior experimental knowledge, from which the crystal structure of the SIP was predicted. The theoretical prediction of the SIP was verified by determining the crystal structure of PbPc thin films using X-ray diffraction techniques, revealing the formation of a new polymorph of PbPc on the graphite substrate. This study clearly illustrates the correlation between the SAMNs and SIPs, which are traditionally considered as two separate but conceptually connected research areas. This approach is applicable to molecular materials in general to predict the crystal structure of their SIPs.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000812125800001	Publication Date	2022-02-17
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0897-4756; 1520-5002	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.6	Times cited		Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 8.6
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:189086			Serial	7084
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	Author	Hudry, D.; De Backer, A.; Popescu, R.; Busko, D.; Howard, I.A.; Bals, S.; Zhang, Y.; Pedrazo‐Tardajos, A.; Van Aert, S.; Gerthsen, D.; Altantzis, T.; Richards, B.S.
	Title	Interface Pattern Engineering in Core‐Shell Upconverting Nanocrystals: Shedding Light on Critical Parameters and Consequences for the Photoluminescence Properties			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2021	Publication	Small	Abbreviated Journal	Small
	Volume		Issue		Pages	2104441
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT)
	Abstract	Advances in controlling energy migration pathways in core-shell lanthanide (Ln)-based hetero-nanocrystals (HNCs) have relied heavily on assumptions about how optically active centers are distributed within individual HNCs. In this article, it is demonstrated that different types of interface patterns can be formed depending on shell growth conditions. Such interface patterns are not only identified but also characterized with spatial resolution ranging from the nanometer- to the atomic-scale. In the most favorable cases, atomic-scale resolved maps of individual particles are obtained. It is also demonstrated that, for the same type of core-shell architecture, the interface pattern can be engineered with thicknesses of just 1 nm up to several tens of nanometers. Total alloying between the core and shell domains is also possible when using ultra-small particles as seeds. Finally, with different types of interface patterns (same architecture and chemical composition of the core and shell domains) it is possible to modify the output color (yellow, red, and green-yellow) or change (improvement or degradation) the absolute upconversion quantum yield. The results presented in this article introduce an important paradigm shift and pave the way toward the emergence of a new generation of core-shell Ln-based HNCs with better control over their atomic-scale organization.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000710758000001	Publication Date	2021-10-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1613-6810	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.643	Times cited	17	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the Helmholtz Recruitment Initiative Fellowship (B.S.R.) and the Helmholtz Association's Research Field Energy (Materials and Technologies for the Energy Transition program, Topic 1 Photovoltaics and Wind Energy). The authors would like to thank the Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF) for STEM access. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (Grant agreement no. 770887 PICOMETRICS to S.V.A. and Grant agreement no. 815128 REALNANO to S.B.). The authors acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through Projects no. G.0502.18N, G.0267.18N, and a postdoctoral grant to A.D.B. T.A. acknowledges funding from the University of Antwerp Research fund (BOF). This project had received funding (EUSMI proposal #E181100205) from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant agreement no 731019 (EUSMI). D.H. would like to thank “CGFigures” for helpful tutorials on 3D graphics with Blender.; sygmaSB			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.643
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:183285			Serial	6817
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	Author	De wael, A.; De Backer, A.; Jones, L.; Varambhia, A.; Nellist, P.D.; Van Aert, S.
	Title	Measuring Dynamic Structural Changes of Nanoparticles at the Atomic Scale Using Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Physical Review Letters	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev Lett
	Volume	124	Issue	10	Pages	106105
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	We propose a new method to measure atomic scale dynamics of nanoparticles from experimental high-resolution annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy images. By using the so-called hidden Markov model, which explicitly models the possibility of structural changes, the number of atoms in each atomic column can be quantified over time. This newly proposed method outperforms the current atom-counting procedure and enables the determination of the probabilities and cross sections for surface diffusion. This method is therefore of great importance for revealing and quantifying the atomic structure when it evolves over time via adatom dynamics, surface diffusion, beam effects, or during in situ experiments.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000519718100015	Publication Date	2020-03-13
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0031-9007	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.6	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No. 770887 and No. 823717 ESTEEM3). The authors acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through grants to A.D.w. and A.D.B. and projects G.0502.18N and EOS 30489208. L.J. acknowledges the SFI AMBER Centre for support. A.V. and P.D.N. acknowledge the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Council (EPSRC) for support (EP/K040375/1 and 1772738). A.V. also acknowledges Johnson-Matthey for support. We would like to thank Brian Theobald and Jonathan Sharman from JMTC Sonning for provision of the Pt sample.			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.6; 2020 IF: 8.462
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:167148			Serial	6347
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	Author	Imran, M.; Ramade, J.; Di Stasio, F.; De Franco, M.; Buha, J.; Van Aert, S.; Goldoni, L.; Lauciello, S.; Prato, M.; Infante, I.; Bals, S.; Manna, L.
	Title	Alloy CsCd_xPb_1–xBr₃Perovskite Nanocrystals: The Role of Surface Passivation in Preserving Composition and Blue Emission			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Chemistry Of Materials	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Mater
	Volume	32	Issue		Pages	acs.chemmater.0c03825
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Various strategies have been proposed to engineer the band gap of metal halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) while preserving their structure and composition and thus ensuring spectral stability of the emission color. An aspect that has only been marginally investigated is how the type of surface passivation influences the structural/color stability of AMX3 perovskite NCs composed of two different M2+ cations. Here, we report the synthesis of blue-emitting Cs-oleate capped CsCdxPb1–xBr3 NCs, which exhibit a cubic perovskite phase containing Cd-rich domains of Ruddlesden–Popper phases (RP phases). The RP domains spontaneously transform into pure orthorhombic perovskite ones upon NC aging, and the emission color of the NCs shifts from blue to green over days. On the other hand, postsynthesis ligand exchange with various Cs-carboxylate or ammonium bromide salts, right after NC synthesis, provides monocrystalline NCs with cubic phase, highlighting the metastability of RP domains. When NCs are treated with Cs-carboxylates (including Cs-oleate), most of the Cd2+ ions are expelled from NCs upon aging, and the NCs phase evolves from cubic to orthorhombic and their emission color changes from blue to green. Instead, when NCs are coated with ammonium bromides, the loss of Cd2+ ions is suppressed and the NCs tend to retain their blue emission (both in colloidal dispersions and in electroluminescent devices), as well as their cubic phase, over time. The improved compositional and structural stability in the latter cases is ascribed to the saturation of surface vacancies, which may act as channels for the expulsion of Cd2+ ions from NCs.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000603288800034	Publication Date	2020-12-04
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0897-4756	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.6	Times cited	44	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	European Commission; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, G.0267.18N ; H2020 European Research Council, 770887 815128 851794 ; We acknowledge funding from the FLAG-ERA JTC2019 project PeroGas. S.B., and S.V.A. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (ERC Consolidator Grants #815128REALNANO and #770887PICOMETRICS) and from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through project funding G.0267.18N. F.D.S. acknowledges the funding from ERC starting grant NANOLED (851794). The computational work was carried out on the Dutch National e-infrastructure with the support of the SURF Cooperative; sygma			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.6; 2020 IF: 9.466
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:174004			Serial	6659
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	Author	Peters, J.L.; van den Bos, K.H.W.; Van Aert, S.; Goris, B.; Bals, S.; Vanmaekelbergh, D.
	Title	Ligand-Induced Shape Transformation of PbSe Nanocrystals			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	Chemistry of materials	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Mater
	Volume	29	Issue	29	Pages	4122-4128
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	We present a study of the relation between the surface chemistry and nanocrystal shape of PbSe nanocrystals with a variable Pb-to-Se stoichiometry and density of oleate ligands. The oleate ligand density and binding configuration are monitored by nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared absorbance spectroscopy, allowing us to quantify the number of surface-attached ligands per NC and the nature of the surface−Pb−oleate configuration. The three-dimensional shape of the PbSe nanocrystals is obtained from high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy combined with an atom counting method. We show that the enhanced oleate capping results in a stabilization and extension of the {111} facets, and a crystal shape transformation from a truncated nanocube to a truncated octahedron.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000401221700034	Publication Date	2017-05-09
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0897-4756	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	9.466	Times cited	45	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	D.V. acknowledges the European Research Council, ERC advanced grant, Project 692691-First Step, for financial support. We also acknowledge the Dutch FOM programme “Designing Dirac carriers in honeycomb semiconductor superlattices” (FOM Program 152) for financial support. The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the Research Foundation Flanders (G.036915, G.037413, and funding of a Ph.D. research grant to K.H.W.v.d.B. and a postdoctoral grant to B.G.). S.B. acknowledges the European Research Council, ERC Grant 335078-Colouratom. (ROMEO:white; preprint:; postprint:restricted 12 months embargo; pdfversion:cannot); ECAS_Sara			Approved	Most recent IF: 9.466
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:143750 c:irua:142983UA @ admin @ c:irua:143750			Serial	4571
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	Author	Morozov, V.A.; Bertha, A.; Meert, K.W.; Van Rompaey, S.; Batuk, D.; Martinez, G.T.; Van Aert, S.; Smet, P.F.; Raskina, M.V.; Poelman, D.; Abakumov, A.M.; Hadermann, J.;
	Title	Incommensurate modulation and luminescence in the CaGd_2(1-x)Eu_2x(MoO₄)_4(1-y)(WO)_4y (0\leq x\leq1, 0\leq y\leq1) red phosphors			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Chemistry of materials	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Mater
	Volume	25	Issue	21	Pages	4387-4395
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Scheelite related compounds (A',A '') [(B',B '')O-4], with B', B '' = W and/or Mo are promising new light-emitting materials for photonic applications, including phosphor converted LEDs (light-emitting diodes). In this paper, the creation and ordering of A-cation vacancies and the effect of cation substitutions in the scheelite-type framework are investigated as a factor for controlling the scheelite-type structure and luminescent properties. CaGd2(1-x)Eu2x(MoO4)(4(1-y))(WO4)(4y) (0 <= x <= 1, 0 <= y <= 1) solid solutions with scheelite-type structure were synthesized by a solid state method, and their structures were investigated using a combination of transmission electron microscopy techniques and powder X-ray diffraction. Within this series all complex molybdenum oxides have (3 + 2)D incommensurately modulated structures with superspace group I4(1)/a(alpha,beta,0)00(-beta,alpha,0)00, while the structures of all tungstates are (3 + 1)D incommensurately modulated with superspace group I2/b(alpha beta 0)00. In both cases the modulation arises because of cation-vacancy ordering at the A site. The prominent structural motif is formed by columns of A-site vacancies running along the c-axis. These vacant columns occur in rows of two or three aligned along the [110] direction of the scheelite subcell. The replacement of the smaller Gd3+ by the larger Eu3+ at the A-sublattice does not affect the nature of the incommensurate modulation, but an increasing replacement of Mo6+ by W6+ switches the modulation from (3 + 2)D to (3 + 1)D regime. Thus, these solid solutions can be considered as a model system where the incommensurate modulation can be monitored as a function of cation nature while the number of cation vacancies at the A sites remain constant upon the isovalent cation replacement. All compounds' luminescent properties were measured, and the optical properties were related to the structural properties of the materials. CaGd2(1-x)(MoO4)(4(1-y))(WO4)(4y) phosphors emit intense red light dominated by the D-5(0)-F-7(2) transition at 612 nm, along with other transitions from the D-5(1) and D-5(0) excited states. The intensity of the 5D0-7F2 transition reaches a maximum at x = 0.5 for y = 0 and 1.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Washington, D.C.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000327045000030	Publication Date	2013-09-24
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0897-4756;1520-5002;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	9.466	Times cited	63	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 9.466; 2013 IF: 8.535
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:112776			Serial	1594
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	Author	Liao, Z.; Gauquelin, N.; Green, R.J.; Müller-Caspary, K.; Lobato, I.; Li, L.; Van Aert, S.; Verbeeck, J.; Huijben, M.; Grisolia, M.N.; Rouco, V.; El Hage, R.; Villegas, J.E.; Mercy, A.; Bibes, M.; Ghosez, P.; Sawatzky, G.A.; Rijnders, G.; Koster, G.
	Title	Metal–insulator-transition engineering by modulation tilt-control in perovskite nickelates for room temperature optical switching			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	America	Abbreviated Journal	P Natl Acad Sci Usa
	Volume	115	Issue	38	Pages	9515-9520
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	In transition metal perovskites ABO3 the physical properties are largely driven by the rotations of the BO6 octahedra, which can be tuned in thin films through strain and dimensionality control. However, both approaches have fundamental and practical limitations due to discrete and indirect variations in bond angles, bond lengths and film symmetry by using commercially available substrates. Here, we introduce modulation tilt control as a new approach to tune the ground state of perovskite oxide thin films by acting explicitly on the oxygen octahedra rotation modes, i.e. directly on the bond angles. By intercalating the prototype SmNiO3 target material with a tilt-control layer, we cause the system to change the natural amplitude of a given rotation mode without affecting the interactions. In contrast to strain and dimensionality engineering, our method enables a continuous fine-tuning of the materials properties. This is achieved through two independent adjustable parameters: the nature of the tilt-control material (through its symmetry, elastic constants and oxygen rotation angles) and the relative thicknesses of the target and tilt-control materials. As a result, a magnetic and electronic phase diagram can be obtained, normally only accessible by A-site element substitution, within the single SmNiO3 compound. With this unique approach, we successfully adjusted the metal-insulator transition (MIT) to room temperature to fulfill the desired conditions for optical switching applications.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000447224900057	Publication Date	2018-09-05
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0027-8424	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	9.661	Times cited	50	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	We would like to acknowledge Prof. Z. Zhong for stimulated discussion. M.H., G.K. and G.R. acknowledge funding from DESCO program of the Dutch Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM) with financial support from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). This work was funded by the European Union Council under the 7th Framework Program (FP7) grant nr NMP3-LA-2010-246102 IFOX. J.V., S.V.A, N.G. and K.M.C. acknowledge funding from FWO projects G.0044.13N, G.0374.13N, G. 0368.15N, and G.0369.15N. The Qu-Ant-EM microscope was partly funded by the Hercules fund from the Flemish Government. N.G. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the 7th Framework Program (FP7), ERC Starting Grant 278510 VORTEX. N.G. and J.V. acknowledge financial support from the European Union under the Seventh Framework Program under a contract for an Integrated Infrastructure Initiative (Reference No. 312483- ESTEEM2). The Canadian work was supported by NSERC and the Max Planck-UBC Centre for Quantum Materials. Some experiments for this work were performed at the Canadian Light Source, which is funded by the Canada Foundation for Innovation, NSERC, the National Research Council of Canada, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Government of Saskatchewan, Western Economic Diversification Canada, and the University of Saskatchewan. MB acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the 7th Framework Program (FP7), ERC CoG grant MINT #615759. A.M. and Ph.G. were supported by the ARC project AIMED and F.R.S-FNRS PDR project HiT4FiT and acknowledge access to Céci computing facilities funded by F.R.S-FNRS (Grant No 2.5020.1), Tier-1 supercomputer of the Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles funded by the Walloon Region (Grant No 1117545) and HPC resources from the PRACE project Megapasta.			Approved	Most recent IF: 9.661
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:154784UA @ admin @ c:irua:154784			Serial	5059
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	Author	Lichte, H.; Dunin-Borkowski, R.; Tillmann, K.; Van Aert, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	65th birthdays of W. Owen Saxton, David J. Smith and Dirk Van Dyck / PICO 2013 From multislice to big bang			Type	ME3 Book as editor
	Year	2013	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	ME3 Book as editor; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:109918			Serial	19
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	Author	Van Aert, S.
	Title	Atomen in 3D : Antwerpenaren brengen atomaire structuur nanodeeltjes in beeld			Type	Newspaper/Magazine/blog article
	Year	2011	Publication	Chemie magazine	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	7	Issue	3	Pages	9
	Keywords	Newspaper/Magazine/blog article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0379-7651	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:94122			Serial	163
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	Author	Van Aert, S.; Batenburg, J.; Van Tendeloo, S.
	Title	Atomen tellen			Type	A3 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Nederlands tijdschrift voor natuurkunde (1991)	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	77	Issue	8	Pages	292-295
	Keywords	A3 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0926-4264	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:94119			Serial	164
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	Author	Van Aert, S.; van Dyck, D.
	Title	Do smaller probes in a scanning transmission electron microscope result in more precise measurement of the distances between atom columns?			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2001	Publication	Philosophical magazine: B: physics of condensed matter: electronic, optical and magnetic properties	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	81	Issue	11	Pages	1833-1846
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	000172199700016	Publication Date	2007-07-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1364-2812;1463-6417;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited	11	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:47519			Serial	744
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	Author	Schryvers, D.; Van Aert, S.
	Title	High-resolution visualization techniques : structural aspects			Type	H1 Book chapter
	Year	2012	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	135-149
	Keywords	H1 Book chapter; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Springer	Place of Publication	Berlin	Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN	978-3-642-20942-0	Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:94124			Serial	1464
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	Author	Van Aert, S.
	Title	Meer zien met onzichtbaar licht			Type	A2 Journal article
	Year	2007	Publication	Karakter : tijdschrift van wetenschap	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	18	Issue		Pages	19-21
	Keywords	A2 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Leuven	Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1379-0390	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:68658			Serial	1982
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