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	Author	Bittencourt, C.; Ke, X.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Tagmatarchis, N.; Guttmann, P.
	Title	NEXAFS spectromicroscopy of suspended carbon nanohorns			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Chemical physics letters	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Phys Lett
	Volume	587	Issue		Pages	85-87
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	We demonstrate that near-edge X-ray-absorption fine-structure spectroscopy combined with full-field transmission X-ray microscopy can be used to study the electronic structure of suspended carbon nanohorns. Based on reports of electronic structure calculations additional spectral features observed in the π region of the NEXAFS spectrum recorded on the carbon nanohorns were associated to the presence of the pentagonal rings and the folding of the graphene sheet.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000326104500016	Publication Date	2013-09-18
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0009-2614;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.815	Times cited	4	Open Access
	Notes	Fp7; Countatoms;			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.815; 2013 IF: 1.991
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:111592			Serial	2339
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	Author	Adjizian, J.J.; De Marco, P.; Suarez-Martinez, I.; El Mel, A.A.; Snyders, R.; Gengler, R.Y.N.; Rudolf, P.; Ke, X.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Bittencourt, C.; Ewels, C.P.;
	Title	Platinum and palladium on carbon nanotubes : experimental and theoretical studies			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Chemical physics letters	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Phys Lett
	Volume	571	Issue		Pages	44-48
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Pristine and oxygen plasma functionalised carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were studied after the evaporation of Pt and Pd atoms. High resolution transmission electron microscopy shows the formation of metal nanoparticles at the CNT surface. Oxygen functional groups grafted by the plasma functionalization act as nucleation sites for metal nanoparticles. Analysis of the C1s core level spectra reveals that there is no covalent bonding between the Pt or Pd atoms and the CNT surface. Unlike other transition metals such as titanium and copper, neither Pd nor Pt show strong oxygen interaction or surface oxygen scavenging behaviour.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000319109900007	Publication Date	2013-04-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0009-2614;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.815	Times cited	23	Open Access
	Notes	Countatoms; Cost			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.815; 2013 IF: 1.991
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:108706			Serial	2650
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	Author	Bittencourt, C.; Ke, X.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Thiess, S.; Drube, W.; Ghijsen, J.; Ewels, C.P.
	Title	Study of the interaction between copper and carbon nanotubes			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2012	Publication	Chemical physics letters	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Phys Lett
	Volume	535	Issue		Pages	80-83
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Copper deposited by thermal evaporation onto pristine and oxygen plasma treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) diffuse over the CNT surface, coalescing and forming crystalline islands. The nucleation sites of the islands are preferentially defects, and more homogeneous island dispersion was observed at the CNT oxygen functionalized surface. The presence of weakly bound oxygen atoms at the CNT surface induces the formation of CuO bonds at the Cu/CNT interface, as described through density functional calculations. Exposure to air allows further oxidation to facetted crystalline Cu2O. Oxygen plasma pre-treatment represents a promising route for homogenous disperse Cu2O nanoparticle decoration of CNTs.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000303437900015	Publication Date	2012-03-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0009-2614;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.815	Times cited	27	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.815; 2012 IF: 2.145
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:97704			Serial	3336
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	Author	Bittencourt, C.; Hecq, M.; Felten, A.; Pireaux, J.J.; Ghijsen, J.; Felicissimo, M.P.; Rudolf, P.; Drube, W.; Ke, X.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	Platinumcarbon nanotube interaction			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2008	Publication	Chemical physics letters	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Phys Lett
	Volume	462	Issue	4/6	Pages	260-264
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The interaction between evaporated Pt and pristine or oxygen-plasma-treated multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is investigated. Pt is found to nucleate at defect sites, whether initially present or introduced by oxygen plasma treatment. The plasma treatment induces a uniform dispersion of Pt nanoparticles at the CNT surface. The absence of additional features in the C 1s core level spectrum indicates that no mixed PtC phase is formed. The formation of COPt bonds at the cluster-CNT interface is suggested to reduce the electronic interaction between Pt nanoparticles and the CNT surface.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000258830900025	Publication Date	2008-07-30
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0009-2614;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.815	Times cited	62	Open Access
	Notes	Pai			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.815; 2008 IF: 2.169
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:76489			Serial	2652
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	Author	Peng, L.; Philippaerts, A.; Ke, X.; van Noyen, J.; de Cleppel, F.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Jacobs, P.A.; Sels, B.F.
	Title	Preparation of sulfonated ordered mesoporous carbon and its use for the esterification of fatty acids			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2010	Publication	Catalysis today	Abbreviated Journal	Catal Today
	Volume	150	Issue	1/2	Pages	140-146
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Mesoporous carbon, which can be replicated from mesoporous silica and whose surface is hydrophobic, can be an ideal catalyst for the esterification of fatty acids. Here we report an easy and low cost way to prepare sulfonic acid group-functionalized mesoporous carbon. A sample of calcined mesoporous silica SBA-15 was added to an aqueous sucrose solution followed by drying and calcination at different temperatures. In contrast to existing procedures, the obtained hybrid Si/C material was then first sulfonated in H2SO4, before the final removal of the silica template in order to stabilize the porous structure towards the liquid phase sulfonation treatment. Thus the silicacarbon composites, instead of the mesoporous carbon, were successfully sulfonated to introduce SO3H groups, while keeping the ordered mesoporous structure intact. The influence of carbonization temperature was investigated, suggesting an optimum temperature of 873 K. The SO3H group-functionalized mesoporous carbon, denoted as CMK-3-873-SO3H, was characterized by means of XRD, N2 physisorption, SEM, FT-IR, elemental analysis and TEM. It followed that a uniform mesoporous carbon was obtained with an average pore size of 3.89 nm, a specific surface of 807 m2/g and a SO3H group loading of 0.39 meq/g of dry material. Compared with other solid acid catalysts, the resulting material shows enhanced activity in the acid-catalyzed esterification of oleic acid with methanol, and can be used repeatedly. The increased catalytic performance is attributed to the hydrophobic surface and larger pore size of the new catalyst. It can effectively accommodate long chain fatty acids and reject formed water, making the active sites easily accessible.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000275566700024	Publication Date	2009-09-04
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0920-5861;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	4.636	Times cited	132	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 4.636; 2010 IF: 2.993
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:81739			Serial	2706
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	Author	He, Z.; Ke, X.; Bals, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	Direct evidence for the existence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes with hexagonal cross-sections			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2012	Publication	Carbon	Abbreviated Journal	Carbon
	Volume	50	Issue	7	Pages	2524-2529
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with a polygonal cross-section have been paid increasing attention since their three-dimensional structure is related to specific physical properties, which are found to be different in comparison to CNTs with a circular cross-section. Here, we report the existence of novel multi-walled CNTs yielding walls with a rounded-hexagonal configuration. This structure was directly confirmed for the first time by both cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy and electron tomography. The morphology of the Fe catalytic particle also exhibits hexagonal characteristics, and is proposed as the origin of the formation of the rounded-hexagonal walls of the CNT. This observation is of great importance with respect to the design of polygonal (such as pentagonal or hexagonal) cross-sectional CNTs. By controlling the morphology of the catalytic nanoparticles it will be possible to grow CNTs with desired electronic and mechanical properties.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000303038400015	Publication Date	2012-02-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0008-6223;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.337	Times cited	8	Open Access
	Notes	Fwo			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.337; 2012 IF: 5.868
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:96956			Serial	711
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	Author	Corthals, S.; van Noyen, J.; Geboers, J.; Vosch, T.; Liang, D.; Ke, X.; Hofkens, J.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Jacobs, P.; Sels, B.
	Title	The beneficial effect of CO₂ in the low temperature synthesis of high quality carbon nanofibers and thin multiwalled carbon nanotubes from CH_{_{4}} over Ni catalysts			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2012	Publication	Carbon	Abbreviated Journal	Carbon
	Volume	50	Issue	2	Pages	372-384
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	A low temperature chemical vapor deposition method is described for converting CH4 into high-quality carbon nanofibers (CNFs) using a Ni catalyst supported on either spinel or perovskite oxides in the presence of CO2. The addition of CO2 has a significant influence on CNF purity and stability, while the CNF diameter distribution is significantly narrowed. Ultimately, the addition of CO2 changes the CNF structure from fishbone fibers to thin multiwalled carbon nanotubes. A new in situ cooling principle taking into account dry reforming chemistry and thermodynamics is introduced to account for the structural effects of CO2.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000297397700004	Publication Date	2011-09-01
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0008-6223;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.337	Times cited	26	Open Access
	Notes	Iwt; Iap			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.337; 2012 IF: 5.868
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:93626			Serial	228
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	Author	Suarez-Martinez, I.; Bittencourt, C.; Ke, X.; Felten, A.; Pireaux, J.J.; Ghijsen, J.; Drube, W.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Ewels, C.P.
	Title	Probing the interaction between gold nanoparticles and oxygen functionalized carbon nanotubes			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Carbon	Abbreviated Journal	Carbon
	Volume	47	Issue	6	Pages	1549-1554
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The interaction between evaporated gold and pristine or oxygen plasma treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is investigated. Experimental and theoretical results indicate that gold nucleation occurs at defect sites, whether initially present or introduced by oxygen plasma treatment. Uniform gold cluster dispersion is observed on plasma treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and associated with the presence of uniformly dispersed oxidized vacancy centres on the CNT surface.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000265518700018	Publication Date	2009-02-11
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0008-6223;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.337	Times cited	38	Open Access
	Notes	Pai			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.337; 2009 IF: 4.504
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:77267			Serial	2717
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	Author	Li, H.; Zhang, L.; Li, L.; Wu, C.; Huo, Y.; Chen, Y.; Liu, X.; Ke, X.; Luo, J.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	Two-in-one solution using insect wings to produce graphene-graphite films for efficient electrocatalysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Nano Research	Abbreviated Journal	Nano Res
	Volume	12	Issue	1	Pages	33-39
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Natural organisms contain rich elements and naturally optimized smart structures, both of which have inspired various innovative concepts and designs in human society. In particular, several natural organisms have been used as element sources to synthesize low-cost and environmentally friendly electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells and metal-air batteries, which are clean energy devices. However, to date, no naturally optimized smart structures have been employed in the synthesis of ORR catalysts, including graphene-based materials. Here, we demonstrate a novel strategy to synthesize graphene-graphite films (GGFs) by heating butterfly wings coated with FeCl3 in N-2, in which the full power of natural organisms is utilized. The wings work not only as an element source for GGF generation but also as a porous supporting structure for effective nitrogen doping, two-dimensional spreading, and double-face exposure of the GGFs. These GGFs exhibit a half-wave potential of 0.942 V and a H2O2 yield of < 0.07% for ORR electrocatalysis; these values are comparable to those for the best commercial Pt/C and all previously reported ORR catalysts in alkaline media. This two-in-one strategy is also successful with cicada and dragonfly wings, indicating that it is a universal, green, and cost-effective method for developing high-performance graphene-based materials.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000453629900004	Publication Date	2018-08-30
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1998-0124	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.354	Times cited	7	Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes	; The authors would like to thank Drs Qiang Wang and Wenjuan Yuan for useful discussions. This work was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2017YFA0700104), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21601136 and 11404016), the National Program for Thousand Young Talents of China, Tianjin Municipal Education Commission, Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Commission (No. 15JCYBJC52600), and the Fundamental Research Fund of Tianjin University of Technology. This work also made use of the resources of the National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 7.354
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:156210			Serial	5265
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	Author	Corthals, S.; van Noyen, J.; Liang, D.; Ke, X.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Jacobs, P.; Sels, B.
	Title	A cyclic catalyst pretreatment in CO₂ for high yield production of Carbon nanofibers with narrow diameter distribution			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Catalysis letters	Abbreviated Journal	Catal Lett
	Volume	141	Issue	11	Pages	1621-1624
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	This paper presents a cyclic catalyst pretreatment process to improve the CNF yield with narrow size distribution by sequentially feeding the CVD reactor with CH4/CO2 mixtures (carbon deposition) and CO2 (carbon removal) prior to the actual growth process. A mechanism based on a break-up of large Ni particles tentatively explains the beneficial effect of the cyclic carbon deposition/removal CVD procedure.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Basel	Editor
	Language		Wos	000296471400006	Publication Date	2011-09-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1011-372X;1572-879X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.799	Times cited	1	Open Access
	Notes	Iwt; Iap			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.799; 2011 IF: 2.242
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:91888			Serial	598
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	Author	Ke, X.; Turner, S.; Quintana, M.; Hadad, C.; Montellano-López, A.; Carraro, M.; Sartorel, A.; Bonchio, M.; Prato, M.; Bittencourt, C.; Van Tendeloo, G.;
	Title	Dynamic motion of Ru-polyoxometalate ions (POMs) on functionalized few-layer graphene			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Small	Abbreviated Journal	Small
	Volume	9	Issue	23	Pages	3922-3927
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The interaction and stability of Ru4POM on few layer graphene via functional groups is investigated by time-dependent imaging using aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy. The Ru4POM demonstrates dynamic motion on the graphene surface with its frequency and amplitude of rotation related to the nature of the functional group used. The stability of the Ru4POMgraphene hybrid corroborates its long-term robustness when applied to multielectronic catalytic processes.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Weinheim	Editor
	Language		Wos	000331282400003	Publication Date	2013-07-01
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1613-6810;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.643	Times cited	16	Open Access
	Notes	IAP-7; Countatoms;			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.643; 2013 IF: 7.514
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:115768			Serial	763
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	Author	Gengler, R.Y.N.; Toma, L.M.; Pardo, E.; Lloret, F.; Ke, X.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Gournis, D.; Rudolf, P.
	Title	Prussian blue analogues of reduced dimensionality			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2012	Publication	Small	Abbreviated Journal	Small
	Volume	8	Issue	16	Pages	2532-2540
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Mixed-valence polycyanides (Prussian Blue analogues) possess a rich palette of properties spanning from room-temperature ferromagnetism to zero thermal expansion, which can be tuned by chemical modifications or the application of external stimuli (temperature, pressure, light irradiation). While molecule-based materials can combine physical and chemical properties associated with molecular-scale building blocks, their successful integration into real devices depends primarily on higher-order properties such as crystal size, shape, morphology, and organization. Herein a study of a new reduced-dimensionality system based on Prussian Blue analogues (PBAs) is presented. The system is built up by means of a modified Langmuir-Blodgett technique, where the PBA is synthesized from precursors in a self-limited reaction on a clay mineral surface. The focus of this work is understanding the magnetic properties of the PBAs in different periodic, low-dimensional arrangements, and the influence of the “on surface” synthesis on the final properties and dimensionality of the system.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Weinheim	Editor
	Language		Wos	000307390300012	Publication Date	2012-07-03
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1613-6810;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.643	Times cited	17	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 8.643; 2012 IF: 7.823
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:101104			Serial	2736
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	Author	Felten, A.; Suarez-Martinez, I.; Ke, X.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Ghijsen, J.; Pireaux, J.-J.; Drube, W.; Bittencourt, C.; Ewels, C.P.
	Title	The role of oxygen at the interface between titanium and carbon nanotubes			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	ChemPhysChem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Chemphyschem
	Volume	10	Issue	11	Pages	1799-1804
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	We study the interface between carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and surface-deposited titanium using electron microscopy and photoemission spectroscopy, supported by density functional calculations. Charge transfer from the Ti atoms to the nanotube and carbide formation is observed at the interface which indicates strong interaction. Nevertheless, the presence of oxygen between the Ti and the CNTs significantly weakens the Ti-CNT interaction. Ti atoms at the surface will preferentially bond to oxygenated sites. Potential sources of oxygen impurities are examined, namely oxygen from any residual atmosphere and pre-existing oxygen impurities on the nanotube surface, which we enhance through oxygen plasma surface pre-treatment. Variation in literature data concerning Ohmic contacts between Ti and carbon nanotubes is explained via sample pre-treatment and differing vacuum levels, and we suggest improved treatment routes for reliable Schottky barrier-free Ti-nanotube contact formation.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Weinheim	Editor
	Language		Wos	000268817800015	Publication Date	2009-05-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1439-4235;1439-7641;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.075	Times cited	38	Open Access
	Notes	Pai			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.075; 2009 IF: 3.453
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:77939			Serial	2918
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	Author	Bittencourt, C.; van Lier, G.; Ke, X.; Suarez-Martinez, I.; Felten, A.; Ghijsen, J.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Ewels, C.O.
	Title	Spectroscopy and defect identification for fluorinated carbon nanotubes			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	ChemPhysChem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Chemphyschem
	Volume	10	Issue	6	Pages	920-925
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were exposed to a CF4 radio-frequency (rf) plasma. High-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy shows that the treatment effectively grafts fluorine atoms onto the MWCNTs, altering the valence electronic states. Fluorine surface concentration can be tuned by varying the exposure time. Evaporation of gold onto MWCNTs is used to mark active site formation. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy coupled with density functional theory (DFT) modelling is used to characterise the surface defects formed, indicating that the plasma treatment does not etch the tube surface. We suggest that this combination of theory and microscopy of thermally evaporated gold atoms onto the CNT surface may be a powerful approach to characterise both surface defect density as well as defect type.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Weinheim	Editor
	Language		Wos	000265469200011	Publication Date	2009-03-05
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1439-4235;1439-7641;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.075	Times cited	14	Open Access
	Notes	Iuap; Fwo			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.075; 2009 IF: 3.453
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:77315			Serial	3073
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	Author	Tsoufis, T.; Georgakilas, V.; Ke, X.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Rudolf, P.; Gournis, D.
	Title	Incorporation of pure fullerene into organoclays : towards C₆₀-pillared clay structures			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Chemistry: a European journal	Abbreviated Journal	Chem-Eur J
	Volume	19	Issue	24	Pages	7937-7943
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	In this work, we demonstrate the successful incorporation of pure fullerene from solution into two-dimensional layered aluminosilicate minerals. Pure fullerenes are insoluble in water and neutral in terms of charge, hence they cannot be introduced into the clay galleries by ion exchange or intercalation from water solution. To overcome this bottleneck, we organically modified the clay with quaternary amines by using well-established reactions in clay science in order to expand the interlayer space and render the galleries organophilic. During the reaction with the fullerene solution, the organic solvent could enter into the clay galleries, thus transferring along the fullerene molecules. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the surfactant molecules, can be selectively removed by either simple ion-exchange reaction (e.g., interaction with Al(NO3)3 solution to replace the surfactant molecules with Al3+ ions) or thermal treatment (heating at 350 °C) to obtain novel fullerene-pillared clay structures exhibiting enhanced surface area. The synthesized hybrid materials were characterized in detail by a combination of experimental techniques including powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoemission, and UV/Vis spectroscopy as well as thermal analysis and nitrogen adsorptiondesorption measurements. The reported fullerene-pillared clay structures constitute a new hybrid system with very promising potential for the use in areas such as gas storage and/or gas separation due to their high surface area.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Weinheim	Editor
	Language		Wos	000319825500035	Publication Date	2013-04-15
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0947-6539;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	5.317	Times cited	3	Open Access
	Notes	262348 Esmi; 246791 Countatoms			Approved	Most recent IF: 5.317; 2013 IF: 5.696
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:107347			Serial	1599
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	Author	Zhong, R.; Peng, L.; de Clippel, F.; Gommes, C.; Goderis, B.; Ke, X.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Jacobs, P.A.; Sels, B.F.
	Title	An eco-friendly soft template synthesis of mesostructured silica-carbon nanocomposites for acid catalysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	ChemCatChem	Abbreviated Journal	Chemcatchem
	Volume	7	Issue	7	Pages	3047-3058
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The synthesis of ordered mesoporous silica-carbon composites was explored by employing TEOS and sucrose as the silica and carbon precursor respectively, and the triblock copolymer F127 as a structure-directing agent via an evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) process. It is demonstrated that the synthesis procedures allow for control of the textural properties and final composition of these silica-carbon nanocomposites via adjustment of the effective SiO2/C weight ratio. Characterization by SAXS, N-2 physisorption, HRTEM, TGA, and C-13 and Si-29 solid-state MAS NMR show a 2D hexagonal mesostructure with uniform large pore size ranging from 5.2 to 7.6nm, comprising of separate carbon phases in a continuous silica phase. Ordered mesoporous silica and non-ordered porous carbon can be obtained by combustion of the pyrolyzed nanocomposites in air or etching with HF solution, respectively. Sulfonic acid groups can be readily introduced to such kind of silica-carbon nanocomposites by a standard sulfonation procedure with concentrated sulfuric acid. Excellent acid-catalytic activities and selectivities for the dimerization of styrene to produce 1,3-diphenyl-1-butene and dimerization of -methylstyrene to unsaturated dimers were demonstrated with the sulfonated materials.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000361189400037	Publication Date	2015-09-03
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1867-3880; 1867-3899	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	4.803	Times cited	13	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 4.803; 2015 IF: 4.556
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:127836			Serial	4138
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	Author	Li, Y.J.; Wang, J.J.; Ye, J.C.; Ke, X.X.; Gou, G.Y.; Wei, Y.; Xue, F.; Wang, J.; Wang, C.S.; Peng, R.C.; Deng, X.L.; Yang, Y.; Ren, X.B.; Chen, L.Q.; Nan, C.W.; Zhang, J.X.;
	Title	Mechanical switching of nanoscale multiferroic phase boundaries			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Advanced functional materials	Abbreviated Journal	Adv Funct Mater
	Volume	25	Issue	25	Pages	3405-3413
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Tuning the lattice degree of freedom in nanoscale functional crystals is critical to exploit the emerging functionalities such as piezoelectricity, shape-memory effect, or piezomagnetism, which are attributed to the intrinsic lattice-polar or lattice-spin coupling. Here it is reported that a mechanical probe can be a dynamic tool to switch the ferroic orders at the nanoscale multiferroic phase boundaries in BiFeO3 with a phase mixture, where the material can be reversibly transformed between the soft tetragonal-like and the hard rhombohedral-like structures. The microscopic origin of the nonvolatile mechanical switching of the multiferroic phase boundaries, coupled with a reversible 180 degrees rotation of the in-plane ferroelectric polarization, is the nanoscale pressure-induced elastic deformation and reconstruction of the spontaneous strain gradient across the multiferroic phase boundaries. The reversible control of the room-temperature multiple ferroic orders using a pure mechanical stimulus may bring us a new pathway to achieve the potential energy conversion and sensing applications.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Weinheim	Editor
	Language		Wos	000355992600017	Publication Date	2015-04-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1616-301X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	12.124	Times cited	23	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 12.124; 2015 IF: 11.805
	Call Number	c:irua:126430			Serial	1976
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	Author	Spyrou, K.; Potsi, G.; Diamanti, E.K.; Ke, X.; Serestatidou, E.; Verginadis, I.I.; Velalopoulou, A.P.; Evangelou, A.M.; Deligiannakis, Y.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Gournis, D.; Rudolf, P.;
	Title	Towards Novel Multifunctional Pillared Nanostructures: Effective Intercalation of Adamantylamine in Graphene Oxide and Smectite Clays			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	Advanced functional materials	Abbreviated Journal	Adv Funct Mater
	Volume	24	Issue	37	Pages	5841-5850
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Multifunctional pillared materials are synthesized by the intercalation of cage-shaped adamantylamine (ADMA) molecules into the interlayer space of graphite oxide (GO) and aluminosilicate clays. The physicochemical and structural properties of these hybrids, determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Raman and X-ray photoemission (XPS) spectroscopies and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) show that they can serve as tunable hydrophobic/hydrophilic and stereospecific nanotemplates. Thus, in ADMA-pillared clay hybrids, the phyllomorphous clay provides a hydrophilic nanoenvironment where the local hydrophobicity is modulated by the presence of ADMA moieties. On the other hand, in the ADMA-GO hybrid, both the aromatic rings of GO sheets and the ADMA molecules define a hydrophobic nanoenvironment where sp(3)-oxo moieties (epoxy, hydroxyl and carboxyl groups), present on GO, modulate hydrophilicity. As test applications, these pillared nanostructures are capable of selective/stereospecific trapping of small chlorophenols or can act as cytotoxic agents.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Weinheim	Editor
	Language		Wos	000342794500008	Publication Date	2014-07-19
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1616-301X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	12.124	Times cited	19	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 12.124; 2014 IF: 11.805
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:121085			Serial	3686
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	Author	Ke, X.
	Title	From top-down to bottom-up : from carbon nanotubes to nanodevices			Type	Doctoral thesis
	Year	2010	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Doctoral thesis; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Antwerpen	Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:87408			Serial	1289
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	Author	Song, H.-D.; Wu, Y.-F.; Yang, X.; Ren, Z.; Ke, X.; Kurttepeli, M.; Tendeloo, G.V.; Liu, D.; Wu, H.-C.; Yan, B.; Wu, X.; Duan, C.-G.; Han, G.; Liao, Z.-M.; Yu, D.
	Title	Asymmetric Modulation on Exchange Field in a Graphene/BiFeO₃Heterostructure by External Magnetic Field			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Nano letters	Abbreviated Journal	Nano Lett
	Volume	18	Issue	4	Pages	2435-2441
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Graphene, having all atoms on its surface, is favorable to extend the functions by introducing the spin–orbit coupling and magnetism through proximity effect. Here, we report the tunable interfacial exchange field produced by proximity coupling in graphene/BiFeO3 heterostructures. The exchange field has a notable dependence with external magnetic field, and it is much larger under negative magnetic field than that under positive magnetic field. For negative external magnetic field, interfacial exchange coupling gives rise to evident spin splitting for N ≠ 0 Landau levels and a quantum Hall metal state for N = 0 Landau level. Our findings suggest graphene/BiFeO3 heterostructures are promising for spintronics.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000430155900034	Publication Date	2018-04-11
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1530-6984	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	12.712	Times cited	9	Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes	This work was supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2016YFA0300802) and NSFC (Nos. 11774004 and 11604004). Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, 2016YFA0300802 ; National Natural Science Foundation of China, 11604004 11774004 ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 12.712
	Call Number	EMAT @ lucian @c:irua:150794			Serial	4923
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	Author	Wang, J.T.W.; Cabana, L.; Bourgognon, M.; Kafa, H.; Protti, A.; Venner, K.; Shah, A.M.; Sosabowski, J.K.; Mather, S.J.; Roig, A.; Ke, X.; Van Tendeloo, G.; de Rosales, R.T.M.; Tobias, G.; Al-Jamal, K.T.
	Title	Magnetically decorated multiwalled carbon nanotubes as dual MRI and SPECT contrast agents			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	Advanced functional materials	Abbreviated Journal	Adv Funct Mater
	Volume	24	Issue	13	Pages	1880-1894
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are one of the most promising nanomaterials to be used in biomedicine for drug/gene delivery as well as biomedical imaging. This study develops radio-labeled, iron oxide-decorated multiwalled CNTs (MWNTs) as dual magnetic resonance (MR) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) contrast agents. Hybrids containing different amounts of iron oxide are synthesized by in situ generation. Physicochemical characterisations reveal the presence of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) granted the magnetic properties of the hybrids. Further comprehensive examinations including high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), fast Fourier transform simulations, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy assure the conformation of prepared SPION as γ-Fe2O3. High r2 relaxivities are obtained in both phantom and in vivo MRI compared to the clinically approved SPION Endorem. The hybrids are successfully radio labeled with technetium-99m through a functionalized bisphosphonate and enable SPECT/CT imaging and γ-scintigraphy to quantitatively analyze the biodistribution in mice. No abnormality is found by histological examination and the presence of SPION and MWNT are identified by Perls stain and Neutral Red stain, respectively. TEM images of liver and spleen tissues show the co-localization of SPION and MWNTs within the same intracellular vesicles, indicating the in vivo stability of the hybrids after intravenous injection. The results demonstrate the capability of the present SPIONMWNT hybrids as dual MRI and SPECT contrast agents for in vivo use.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Weinheim	Editor
	Language		Wos	000333674100007	Publication Date	2013-11-19
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1616-301X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	12.124	Times cited	50	Open Access
	Notes	Countatoms; Fp7; Esteem2; esteem2_ta			Approved	Most recent IF: 12.124; 2014 IF: 11.805
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:111589			Serial	1891
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	Author	Cabana, L.; Gonzalez-Campo, A.; Ke, X.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Nunez, R.; Tobias, G.
	Title	Efficient Chemical Modification of Carbon Nanotubes with Metallacarboranes			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Chemistry: a European journal	Abbreviated Journal	Chem-Eur J
	Volume	21	Issue	21	Pages	16792-16795
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	As-produced single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) tend to aggregate in bundles due to pi-pi interactions. Several approaches are nowadays available to debundle, at least partially, the nanotubes through surface modification by both covalent and noncovalent approaches. Herein, we explore different strategies to afford an efficient covalent functionalization of SWCNTs with cobaltabisdicarbollide anions. Aberration-corrected HRTEM analysis reveals the presence of metallacarboranes along the walls of the SWCNTs. This new family of materials presents an outstanding water dispersibility that facilitates its processability for potential applications.
	Address	Institut de Ciencia de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus Universitari de la UAB. 08193, Bellaterra (Spain). gerard.tobias@icmab.es
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000366501600011	Publication Date	2015-10-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0947-6539;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	5.317	Times cited	5	Open Access
	Notes	The research leading to these results received financial support from MINECO (MAT2014-53500-R; CTQ2013-44670-R), Generalitat de Catalunya (2014/SGR/149), and from the European Commission under the FP7 ITN Marie-Curie Network programme RADDEL (grant agreement 290023), the Integrated Infrastructure Initiative No. 262348 European Soft Matter Infrastructure (ESMI) and the European Research Council, ERC Grant No 246791-COUNTATOMS. A.G.C. thanks the CSIC for the JAE-DOC grant.			Approved	Most recent IF: 5.317; 2015 IF: 5.731
	Call Number	c:irua:129215			Serial	3964
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	Author	Liu, J.; Hu, Z.-Y.; Peng, Y.; Huang, H.-W.; Li, Y.; Wu, M.; Ke, X.-X.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Su, B.-L.
	Title	2D ZnO mesoporous single-crystal nanosheets with exposed {0001} polar facets for the depollution of cationic dye molecules by highly selective adsorption and photocatalytic decomposition			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Applied catalysis : B : environmental	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Catal B-Environ
	Volume	181	Issue	181	Pages	138-145
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Two dimensional (2D) ZnO nanosheets are ideal system for dimensionally confined transport phenomenon investigation owing to specific surface atomic configuration. Therefore, 2D ZnO porous nanosheets with single-crystal nature and {0001} polar facets, likely display some specific physicochemical properties. In this work, for the first time, 2D ZnO mesoporous single-crystal nanosheets (ZnO-MSN) with {0001} polar facets have been designed and prepared via an intriguing colloidal templating approach through controlling the infiltration speed for the suspension of EG-capped ZnO nanoparticles and polymer colloids. The EG-capped ZnO nanoparticles are very helpful for single-crystal nanosheet formation, while the polymer colloids play dual roles on the mesoporosity generation and {0001} polar facets formation within the mesopores. Such special 2D structure not only accelerates the hole-electron separation and the electron transportation owing to the single-crystal nature, but also enhances the selective adsorption of organic molecules owing to the porous structure and the exposed {0001} polar facets with more O-termination (000-1) surfaces: the 2D ZnO-MSN shows highly selective adsorption and significantly higher photodegradation for positively charged rhodamine B than those for negatively charged methyl orange and neutral phenol, comparing with ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) and ZnO commercial nanoparticles (ZnO-CNP) with high surface areas. This work may shed some light on better understanding the synthesis of 2D porous single-crystal nanosheet with exposed polar surfaces and photocatalytic mechanism of nanostructured semiconductors in a mixed organic molecules system.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000364256000015	Publication Date	2015-08-01
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0926-3373;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	9.446	Times cited	60	Open Access
	Notes	246791 Countatoms			Approved	Most recent IF: 9.446
	Call Number	c:irua:127638 c:irua:127638 c:irua:127638			Serial	10
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	Author	Cabana, L.; Ke, X.; Kepić, D.; Oro-Solé, J.; Tobías-Rossell, E.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Tobias, G.
	Title	The role of steam treatment on the structure, purity and length distribution of multi-walled carbon nanotubes			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Carbon	Abbreviated Journal	Carbon
	Volume	93	Issue	93	Pages	1059-1067
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Purification and shortening of carbon nanotubes have attracted a great deal of attention to increase the biocompatibility and performance of the material in several applications. Steam treatment has been employed to afford both purification and shortening of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Steam removes the amorphous carbon and the graphitic particles that sheath catalytic nanoparticles, facilitating their removal by a subsequent acidic wash. The amount of metal impurities can be reduced in this manner below 0.01 wt.%. The length distribution of MWCNTs after different steam treatment times (from 1 h to 15 h) was assessed by box plot analysis of the electron microscopy data. Samples with a median length of 0.57 μm have been prepared with the reported methodology while preserving the integrity of the tubular wall structure.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000360292100108	Publication Date	2015-06-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0008-6223;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.337	Times cited	17	Open Access
	Notes	312483 Esteem2; 290023 Raddel; esteem2_ta			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.337; 2015 IF: 6.196
	Call Number	c:irua:127691 c:irua:127691			Serial	2921
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	Author	van der Stam, W.; Gradmann, S.; Altantzis, T.; Ke, X.; Baldus, M.; Bals, S.; de Mello Donega, C.
	Title	Shape Control of Colloidal Cu2-x S Polyhedral Nanocrystals by Tuning the Nucleation Rates			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Chemistry of materials	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Mater
	Volume	28	Issue	28	Pages	6705-6715
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Synthesis protocols for colloidal nanocrystals (NCs) with narrow size and shape distributions are of particular interest for the successful implementation of these nanocrystals into devices. Moreover, the preparation of NCs with well-defined crystal phases is of key importance. In this work, we show that Sn(IV)-thiolate complexes formed in situ strongly influence the nucleation and growth rates of colloidal Cu2-x S polyhedral NCs, thereby dictating their final size, shape, and crystal structure. This allowed us to successfully synthesize hexagonal bifrustums and hexagonal bipyramid NCs with low-chalcocite crystal structure, and hexagonal nanoplatelets with various thicknesses and aspect ratios with the djurleite crystal structure, by solely varying the concentration of Sn(IV)-additives (namely, SnBr4) in the reaction medium. Solution and solid-state 119Sn NMR measurements show that SnBr4 is converted in situ to Sn(IV)-thiolate complexes, which increase the Cu2-x S nucleation barrier without affecting the precursor conversion rates. This influences both the nucleation and growth rates in a concentration-dependent fashion and leads to a better separation between nucleation and growth. Our approach of tuning the nucleation and growth rates with in situ-generated Sn-thiolate complexes might have a more general impact due to the availability of various metal-thiolate complexes, possibly resulting in polyhedral NCs of a wide variety of metal-sulfide compositions.
	Address	Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University , P.O. Box 80000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Wos	000384399000037	Publication Date	2016-09-02
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0897-4756	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	9.466	Times cited	27	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	W.v.d.S. and C.d.M.D. acknowledge financial support from the division of Chemical Sciences (CW) of The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) under grant number ECHO.712.012.001. M.B. also gratefully acknowledges NWO for funding the NMR infrastructure (Middle Groot program, grant number 700.58.102). S.B. acknowledges financial support from the European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant # 335078-COLOURATOMS).; ECAS_Sara; (ROMEO:white; preprint:; postprint:restricted 12 months embargo; pdfversion:cannot);			Approved	Most recent IF: 9.466
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:135928			Serial	4285
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	Author	Chen, J.J.; Wang, Q.; Meng, J.; Ke, X.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Bie, Y.Q.; Liu, J.; Liu, K.; Liao, Z.M.; Sun, D.; Yu, D.;
	Title	Photovoltaic effect and evidence of carrier multiplication in graphene vertical homojunctions with asymmetrical metal contacts			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	ACS nano	Abbreviated Journal	Acs Nano
	Volume	9	Issue	9	Pages	8851-8858
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Graphene exhibits exciting potentials for high-speed wideband photodetection and high quantum efficiency solar energy harvest because of its broad spectral absorption, fast photoelectric response, and potential carrier multiplication. Although photocurrent can be generated near a metalgraphene interface in lateral devices, the photoactive area is usually limited to a tiny one-dimensional line-like interface region. Here, we report photoelectric devices based on vertical graphene two-dimensional homojunction, which is fabricated via vertically stacking four graphene monolayers with asymmetric metal contacts. The devices show excellent photovoltaic output with excitation wavelength ranging from visible light to mid-infrared. The wavelength dependence of the internal quantum efficiency gives direct evidence of the carrier multiplication effect in graphene. The simple fabrication process, easy scale-up, large photoresponsive active area, and broadband response of the vertical graphene device are very promising for practical applications in optoelectronics and photovoltaics.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000361935800023	Publication Date	2015-08-15
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1936-0851;1936-086X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	13.942	Times cited	11	Open Access
	Notes	246791 Countatoms			Approved	Most recent IF: 13.942; 2015 IF: 12.881
	Call Number	c:irua:127689			Serial	2615
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	Author	Yan, Y.; Zhou, X.; Jin, H.; Li, C.-Z.; Ke, X.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Liu, K.; Yu, D.; Dressel, M.; Liao, Z.-M.
	Title	Surface-Facet-Dependent Phonon Deformation Potential in Individual Strained Topological Insulator Bi2Se3 Nanoribbons			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	ACS nano	Abbreviated Journal	Acs Nano
	Volume	9	Issue	9	Pages	10244-10251
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Strain is an important method to tune the properties of topological insulators. For example, compressive strain can induce superconductivity in Bi2Se3 bulk material. Topological insulator nanostructures are the superior candidates to utilize the unique surface states due to the large surface to volume ratio. Therefore, it is highly desirable to monitor the local strain effects in individual topological insulator nanostructures. Here, we report the systematical micro-Raman spectra of single strained Bi2Se3 nanoribbons with different thicknesses and different surface facets, where four optical modes are resolved in both Stokes and anti-Stokes Raman spectral lines. A striking anisotropy of the strain dependence is observed in the phonon frequency of strained Bi2Se3 nanoribbons grown along the ⟨112̅0⟩ direction. The frequencies of the in-plane Eg2 and out-of-plane A1g1 modes exhibit a nearly linear blue-shift against bending strain when the nanoribbon is bent along the ⟨112̅0⟩ direction with the curved {0001} surface. In this case, the phonon deformation potential of the Eg2 phonon for 100 nm-thick Bi2Se3 nanoribbon is up to 0.94 cm–1/%, which is twice of that in Bi2Se3 bulk material (0.52 cm–1/%). Our results may be valuable for the strain modulation of individual topological insulator nanostructures.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Wos	000363915300079	Publication Date	2015-09-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1936-0851;1936-086X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	13.942	Times cited	14	Open Access
	Notes	Y.Y. would like to thank Xuewen Fu for helpful discussions. This work was supported by MOST (Nos. 2013CB934600, 2013CB932602) and NSFC (Nos. 11274014, 11234001).			Approved	Most recent IF: 13.942; 2015 IF: 12.881
	Call Number	c:irua:129216			Serial	3963
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	Author	Zhang, L.; Lin, B.-C.; Wu, Y.-F.; Wu, H.; Huang, T.-W.; Chang, C.-R.; Ke, X.; Kurttepeli, M.; Tendeloo, G.V.; Xu, J.; Yu, D.; Liao, Z.-M.
	Title	Electronic Coupling between Graphene and Topological Insulator Induced Anomalous Magnetotransport Properties			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	ACS nano	Abbreviated Journal	Acs Nano
	Volume	11	Issue	11	Pages	6277-6285
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	It has been theoretically proposed that the spin textures of surface states in a topological insulator can be directly transferred to graphene by means of the proximity effect, which is very important for realizing the two-dimensional topological insulator based on graphene. Here we report the anomalous magnetotransport properties of graphene-topological insulator Bi2Se3 heterojunctions, which are sensitive to the electronic coupling between graphene and the topological surface state. The coupling between the p_z orbitals of graphene and the p orbitals of the surface states on the Bi2Se3 bottom surface can be enhanced by applying a perpendicular negative magnetic field, resulting in a giant negative magnetoresistance at the Dirac point up to about -91%. Obvious resistances dip in the transfer curve at the Dirac point is also observed in the hybrid devices, which is consistent with theoretical predictions of the distorted Dirac bands with nontrivial spin textures inherited from the Bi2Se3 surface states.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000404808000110	Publication Date	2017-05-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1936-0851	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	13.942	Times cited	12	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	; This work was supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (Nos. 2016YFA0300802, 2013CB934600) and NSFC (No. 11234001). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 13.942
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:143192			Serial	4569
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	Author	van der Stam, W.; Akkerman, Q.A.; Ke, X.; van Huis, M.A.; Bals, S.; de Donega, C.M.
	Title	Solution-processable ultrathin size- and shape-controlled colloidal Cu_2-xS nanosheets			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Chemistry of materials	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Mater
	Volume	27	Issue	27	Pages	283-291
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets (NSs) possess extraordinary properties that are attractive for both fundamental studies and technological devices. Solution-based bottom-up methods are emerging as promising routes to produce free-standing NSs, but the synthesis of colloidal NSs with well-defined size and shape has remained a major challenge. In this work, we report a novel method that yields 2 nm thick colloidal Cu2-xS NSs with well-defined shape (triangular or hexagonal) and size (100 nm to 3 mu m). The key feature of our approach is the use of a synergistic interaction between halides (Br or Cl) and copper-thiolate metal-organic frameworks to create a template that imposes 2D constraints on the Cu-catalyzed C-S thermolysis, resulting in nucleation and growth of colloidal 2D Cu2-xS NSs. Moreover, the NS composition can be postsynthetically tailored by exploiting topotactic cation exchange reactions. This is illustrated by converting the Cu2-xS NSs into ZnS and CdS NSs while preserving their size and shape. The method presented here thus holds great promise as a route to solution-processable compositionally diverse ultrathin colloidal NSs with well-defined shape and size.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000348085300036	Publication Date	2014-12-04
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0897-4756;1520-5002;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	9.466	Times cited	68	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	335078 Colouratom; 246791 Countatoms; 312483 Esteem2; esteem2ta; ECASSara; (ROMEO:white; preprint:; postprint:restricted 12 months embargo; pdfversion:cannot);			Approved	Most recent IF: 9.466; 2015 IF: 8.354
	Call Number	c:irua:123865 c:irua:123865			Serial	3052
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	Author	van der Stam, W.; Berends, A.C.; Rabouw, F.T.; Willhammar, T.; Ke, X.; Meeldijk, J.D.; Bals, S.; de Donega, C.M.
	Title	Luminescent CuInS₂ quantum dots by partial cation exchange in Cu_2-xS nanocrystals			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Chemistry of materials	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Mater
	Volume	27	Issue	27	Pages	621-628
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Here, we show successful partial cation exchange reactions in Cu2-xS nanocrystals (NCs) yielding luminescent CuInS2 (CIS) NCs. Our approach of mild reaction conditions ensures slow Cu extraction rates, which results in a balance with the slow In incorporation rate. With this method, we obtain CIS NCs with photoluminescence (PL) far in the near-infrared (NIR), which cannot be directly synthesized by currently available synthesis protocols. We discuss the factors that favor partial, self-limited cation exchange from Cu2-xS to CIS NCs, rather than complete cation exchange to In2S3. The product CIS NCs have the wurtzite crystal structure, which is understood in terms of conservation of the hexagonal close packing of the anionic sublattice of the parent NCs into the product NCs. These results are an important step toward the design of CIS NCs with sizes and shapes that are not attainable by direct synthesis protocols and may thus impact a number of potential applications.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000348618400028	Publication Date	2014-12-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0897-4756;1520-5002;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	9.466	Times cited	119	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	335078 Colouratom; 262348 Esmi; ECAS_Sara; (ROMEO:white; preprint:; postprint:restricted 12 months embargo; pdfversion:cannot);			Approved	Most recent IF: 9.466; 2015 IF: 8.354
	Call Number	c:irua:125291			Serial	1858
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