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| Records | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Author | Van Passel, S. | ||||
| Title | Food miles to assess sustainability : a revision | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Sustainable Development | Abbreviated Journal | Sustain Dev |
| Volume | 21 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 1-17 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering Management (ENM) | ||||
| Abstract | Sustainability assessment is an essential process in our aim to reach a more sustainable production and consumption pattern. This research revises the food miles concept as a guiding tool to assess sustainability. Food miles measure the distance that food travels from where it is grown or raised to where it is consumed. Three different concepts to assess sustainability are described: (i) food miles, (ii) enhanced food miles, (iii) food chain sustainability. An illustrative case study shows that there is a strong danger of oversimplification when using food miles as an assessment tool. Second, the food miles concept can be enhanced with all relevant transport externalities taking into account different transport modes and transport (in)efficiency. Third, all relevant economic, social, and ecological aspects should be taken into account. Besides transport externalities, also externalities caused by food production, food packaging, food marketing, and food consumption should be incorporated. Moreover, the trade-off with development goals cannot be neglected. As a consequence, there is a strong danger of incommensurability as the result of different sustainability model assumptions and unclear system boundaries. Nevertheless, sustainability assessment can enrich policy making and support tailored policy measures to improve food chain sustainability. Copyright (c) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 000314187900001 | Publication Date | 2010-07-15 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0968-0802 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor  |
2.167 | Times cited | 17 | Open Access | |
| Notes | ; ; | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.167; 2013 IF: 1.692 | ||
| Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:127553 | Serial | 6204 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Mudronja, D.; Vanmeert, F.; Fazinic, S.; Janssens, K.; Tibljas, D.; Desnica, V. | ||||
| Title | Protection of stone monuments using a brushing treatment with ammonium oxalate | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | Coatings | Abbreviated Journal | Coatings |
| Volume | 11 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 379 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) | ||||
| Abstract | Stone monuments and buildings are susceptible to weathering. Carbonate-based stones are especially vulnerable in acidic environments, whereas magmatic acidic stones are more susceptible to chemical weathering in basic environments. To slow down surface corrosion of limestone and marble artworks/buildings, protective coatings which inhibit calcite dissolution have been proposed. In this work, samples from two stone types with different porosity were treated with ammonium oxalate (AmOx) to create a protective layer of calcium oxalate (CaOx) using the previously developed brushing method. Two different synchrotron microscopy experiments were performed to determine its protective capability. X-ray powder diffraction (SR-mu-XRPD) in transmission geometry allowed visualization of the distributions of calcium carbonate and oxalates along the sample depths. In a second step, X-ray fluorescence (SR-mu-XRF) was used to check the efficiency/integrity of the protective surface coating layer. This was done by measuring the sulfur distribution on the stone surface after exposing the protected stones to sulfuric acid. XRPD showed the formation of a protective oxalate layer with a thickness of 5-15 mu m on the less porous stone, while a 20-30 mu m thick layer formed on the more porous stone. The XRF study showed that the optimal treatment time depends on the stone porosity. Increasing the treatment time from 1 to 3 h resulted in a decreased efficiency of the protective layer for the low porosity stone. We assume that this is due to the formation of vertical channels (cracks) in the protective layer. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 000642940900001 | Publication Date | 2021-03-25 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2079-6412 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.175 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.175 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:178271 | Serial | 8428 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Bogaerts, A.; van Straaten, M.; Gijbels, R. | ||||
| Title | Description of the thermalization process of the sputtered atoms in a glow discharge using a 3-dimensional Monte Carlo method | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 1995 | Publication | Journal of applied physics | Abbreviated Journal | J Appl Phys |
| Volume | 77 | Issue | Pages | 1868-1874 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | American Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | New York, N.Y. | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | A1995RC30300006 | Publication Date | 2002-07-26 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0021-8979; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.183 | Times cited | 87 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:12270 | Serial | 655 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Bogaerts, A.; Gijbels, R.; Goedheer, W. | ||||
| Title | Hybrid Monte Carlo-fluid model of a direct current glow discharge | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 1995 | Publication | Journal of applied physics | Abbreviated Journal | J Appl Phys |
| Volume | 78 | Issue | Pages | 2233-2241 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | American Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | New York, N.Y. | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | A1995RP71800009 | Publication Date | 2002-07-26 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0021-8979; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.183 | Times cited | 117 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:12262 | Serial | 1526 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Hai, G.-Q.; Studart, N.; Peeters, F.M.; Koenraad, P.M.; Wolter, J.H. | ||||
| Title | Intersubband-coupling and screening effects on the electron transport in a quasi-two-dimensional δ-doped semiconductor system | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 1996 | Publication | Journal of applied physics | Abbreviated Journal | J Appl Phys |
| Volume | 80 | Issue | Pages | 5809-5814 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT) | ||||
| Abstract | The effects due to intersubband coupling and screening on the ionized impurity scattering are studied for a quasi-two-dimensional electron system in delta-doped semiconductors. We found that intersubband coupling plays an essential role in describing the screening properties and the effect of ionized impurity scattering on the mobility in a multisubband system. At the onset of the occupation of a higher subband, the screening due to the intersubband coupling leads to a reduction of the small angle scattering rate in the lower subband. We showed that such an effect is significant in a delta-doped quantum well and results in a pronounced increase of the quantum mobility at the onset of the occupation of a higher subband. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | American Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | New York, N.Y. | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | A1996VU98700039 | Publication Date | 2002-07-26 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0021-8979; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.183 | Times cited | 40 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:15789 | Serial | 1712 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Laffez, P.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Seshadri, R.; Hervieu, M.; Martin, C.; Maignan, A.; Raveau, B. | ||||
| Title | Microstructural and physical properties of layered manganite oxides related to the magnetoresistive perovskites | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 1996 | Publication | Journal of applied physics | Abbreviated Journal | J Appl Phys |
| Volume | 80 | Issue | Pages | 5850-5856 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | American Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | New York, N.Y. | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | A1996VU98700045 | Publication Date | 2002-07-26 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0021-8979; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.183 | Times cited | 36 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:17848 | Serial | 2039 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Bogaerts, A.; Gijbels, R. | ||||
| Title | The role of fast argon ions and atoms in the ionization of argon in a direct current glow discharge: a mathematical simulation | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 1995 | Publication | Journal of applied physics | Abbreviated Journal | J Appl Phys |
| Volume | 78 | Issue | Pages | 6427-6431 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | American Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | New York, N.Y. | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | A1995TH85100012 | Publication Date | 2002-07-26 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0021-8979; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.183 | Times cited | 60 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY 96/271 Q2 # | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:12264 | Serial | 2913 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Bogaerts, A.; Gijbels, R. | ||||
| Title | Role of sputtered Cu atoms and ions in a direct current glow discharge: combined fluid and Monte Carlo model | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 1996 | Publication | Journal of applied physics | Abbreviated Journal | J Appl Phys |
| Volume | 79 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 1279-1286 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | American Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | New York, N.Y. | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | A1996TT92200011 | Publication Date | 2002-07-26 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0021-8979; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.183 | Times cited | 81 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY 96/271 Q2 # | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:16239 | Serial | 2920 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Bernaerts, D.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Amelinckx, S.; Hevesi, K.; Gensterblum, G.; Yu, L.M.; Pireaux, J.J.; Grey, F.; Bohr, J. | ||||
| Title | Structural defects and epitaxial rotation of C60 and C70 (111) films on GeS(001) | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 1996 | Publication | Journal of applied physics | Abbreviated Journal | J Appl Phys |
| Volume | 80 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 3310-3318 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) | ||||
| Abstract | A transmission electron microscopy study of epitaxial C-60 and C-70 films grown on a GeS (001) surface is presented. The relationship between the orientation of the substrate and the films and structural defects in the films, such as grain boundaries, unknown in bulk C-60 and C-70 crystals, are studied. Small misalignments of the overlayers with respect to the orientation of the substrate, so-called epitaxial rotations, exist mainly in C-70 films, but also sporadically in the C-60 overlayers. A simple symmetry model, previously used to predict the rotation of hexagonal overlayers on hexagonal substrates, is numerically tested and applied to the present situation. Some qualitative conclusions concerning the substrate-film interaction are deduced. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | American Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | New York, N.Y. | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | A1996VG68100027 | Publication Date | 2002-07-26 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0021-8979; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.183 | Times cited | 6 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | ||||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:95233 | Serial | 3229 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Chu, D.P.; Peeters, F.M.; Kolodinski, S.; Roca, E. | ||||
| Title | Theoretical investigation of CoSi2/Si1-xGex detectors: influence of a Si tunneling barrier on the electro-optical characteristics | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 1996 | Publication | Journal of applied physics | Abbreviated Journal | J Appl Phys |
| Volume | 79 | Issue | Pages | 1151-1156 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT) | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | American Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | New York, N.Y. | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | A1996TQ77500084 | Publication Date | 0000-00-00 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0021-8979; 1089-7550 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.183 | Times cited | 3 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:15801 | Serial | 3606 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Helm, M.; Hilber, W.; Fromherz, T.; Peeters, F.M.; Alavi, K.; Pathak, R.N. | ||||
| Title | Bloch and localized electrons in semiconductor superlattices | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 1994 | Publication | Semiconductor science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Semicond Sci Tech |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | Pages | 1989-1993 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT) | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | London | Editor | ||
| Language | Wos | A1994PT27100023 | Publication Date | 2002-08-25 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0268-1242;1361-6641; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.19 | Times cited | 1 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:9370 | Serial | 244 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Peeters, F.M.; Devreese, J.T. | ||||
| Title | Hot magneto-phonon and electro-phonon resonances in heterostructures | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 1992 | Publication | Semiconductor science and technology: B | Abbreviated Journal | Semicond Sci Tech |
| Volume | 7 | Issue | Pages | 15-20 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT); Theory of quantum systems and complex systems | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | A1992HL26200006 | Publication Date | 2002-08-25 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0268-1242;1361-6641; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.19 | Times cited | 12 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL 9/59 Q1 # CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY 40/163 Q1 # COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS 6/144 Q1 # COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY 10/104 Q1 # | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:2897 | Serial | 1491 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Kastalsky, A.; Peeters, F.M.; Chan, W.K.; Florez, L.T.; Harbison, J.P. | ||||
| Title | Novel nonlinear transport phenomena in a triangular quantum well | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 1992 | Publication | Semiconductor science and technology: B | Abbreviated Journal | Semicond Sci Tech |
| Volume | 7 | Issue | Pages | 530-532 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT) | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | A1992HL26200140 | Publication Date | 2002-08-25 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0268-1242;1361-6641; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.19 | Times cited | 4 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:3027 | Serial | 2380 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Xu, W.; Peeters, F.M.; Devreese, J.T. | ||||
| Title | Warm-electron transport in a two-dimensional semiconductor | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 1992 | Publication | Semiconductor science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Semicond Sci Tech |
| Volume | 7 | Issue | Pages | 1251-1256 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT); Theory of quantum systems and complex systems | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | London | Editor | ||
| Language | Wos | A1992JT73000006 | Publication Date | 0000-00-00 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0268-1242 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.19 | Times cited | 3 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:2915 | Serial | 3903 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Janssens de Bisthoven, L.; Rochette, A.-J.; Verheyen, E.; Akpona, T.J.-D.; Verbist, B.; Vanderhaegen, K.; Naturinda, Z.; Van Passel, S.; Berihun, D.; Munishi, L.; Hugé, J. | ||||
| Title | Conserving African biosphere reserves : a workshop on the valuation of ecosystem services in Man and the Biosphere Reserves | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Oryx | Abbreviated Journal | Oryx |
| Volume | 53 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 609 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering Management (ENM); Evolutionary ecology group (EVECO) | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | Publication Date | 2019-10-01 | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0030-6053; 1365-3008 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record | |
| Impact Factor |
2.191 | Times cited | Open Access | ||
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.191 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:163043 | Serial | 6172 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Evans, T.; Kiflawi, I.; Luyten, W.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Woods, G.S. | ||||
| Title | Conversion of platelets into dislocation loops and voidite formation in type IaB diamonds | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 1995 | Publication | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London: series A: mathematical and physical sciences | Abbreviated Journal | P Roy Soc A-Math Phy |
| Volume | 449 | Issue | Pages | 295-313 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | London | Editor | ||
| Language | Wos | A1995QY10100007 | Publication Date | 2006-12-18 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1364-5021;1471-2946; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.192 | Times cited | 32 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY 11/104 Q1 # PHYSICS, MATHEMATICAL 1/53 Q1 # | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:13314 | Serial | 513 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Velazco, A.; Nord, M.; Béché, A.; Verbeeck, J. | ||||
| Title | Evaluation of different rectangular scan strategies for STEM imaging | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Ultramicroscopy | Abbreviated Journal | Ultramicroscopy |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 113021 | ||
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) | ||||
| Abstract | STEM imaging is typically performed by raster scanning a focused electron probe over a sample. Here we investigate and compare three different scan patterns, making use of a programmable scan engine that allows to arbitrarily set the sequence of probe positions that are consecutively visited on the sample. We compare the typical raster scan with a so-called ‘snake’ pattern where the scan direction is reversed after each row and a novel Hilbert scan pattern that changes scan direction rapidly and provides an homogeneous treatment of both scan directions. We experimentally evaluate the imaging performance on a single crystal test sample by varying dwell time and evaluating behaviour with respect to sample drift. We demonstrate the ability of the Hilbert scan pattern to more faithfully represent the high frequency content of the image in the presence of sample drift. It is also shown that Hilbert scanning provides reduced bias when measuring lattice parameters from the obtained scanned images while maintaining similar precision in both scan directions which is especially important when e.g. performing strain analysis. Compared to raster scanning with flyback correction, both snake and Hilbert scanning benefit from dose reduction as only small probe movement steps occur. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 000544042800007 | Publication Date | 2020-05-21 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0304-3991 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.2 | Times cited | 13 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
| Notes | A.V., A.B. and J.V. acknowledge funding through FWO project G093417N ('Compressed sensing enabling low dose imaging in transmission electron microscopy') from the Flanders Research Fund. M.N. received support for this work from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 838001. J.V acknowledges funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 823717 – ESTEEM3. | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.2; 2020 IF: 2.843 | ||
| Call Number | EMAT @ emat @c:irua:169225 | Serial | 6369 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Fatermans, J.; den Dekker, Aj.; Müller-Caspary, K.; Gauquelin, N.; Verbeeck, J.; Van Aert, S. | ||||
| Title | Atom column detection from simultaneously acquired ABF and ADF STEM images | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Ultramicroscopy | Abbreviated Journal | Ultramicroscopy |
| Volume | 219 | Issue | Pages | 113046 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab | ||||
| Abstract | In electron microscopy, the maximum a posteriori (MAP) probability rule has been introduced as a tool to determine the most probable atomic structure from high-resolution annular dark-field (ADF) scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images exhibiting low contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Besides ADF imaging, STEM can also be applied in the annular bright-field (ABF) regime. The ABF STEM mode allows to directly visualize light-element atomic columns in the presence of heavy columns. Typically, light-element nanomaterials are sensitive to the electron beam, limiting the incoming electron dose in order to avoid beam damage and leading to images exhibiting low CNR. Therefore, it is of interest to apply the MAP probability rule not only to ADF STEM images, but to ABF STEM images as well. In this work, the methodology of the MAP rule, which combines statistical parameter estimation theory and model-order selection, is extended to be applied to simultaneously acquired ABF and ADF STEM images. For this, an extension of the commonly used parametric models in STEM is proposed. Hereby, the effect of specimen tilt has been taken into account, since small tilts from the crystal zone axis affect, especially, ABF STEM intensities. Using simulations as well as experimental data, it is shown that the proposed methodology can be successfully used to detect light elements in the presence of heavy elements. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 000594768500005 | Publication Date | 2020-06-01 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0304-3991 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.2 | Times cited | 9 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
| Notes | The authors acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through project fundings (No. W.O.010.16N, No. G.0368.15N, No. G.0502.18N, EOS 30489208). This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No. 770887). The authors acknowledge funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 823717 – ESTEEM3. The direct electron detector (Medipix3, Quantum Detectors) was funded by the Hercules fund from the Flemish Government. K. M. C. acknowledges funding from the Initiative and Network Fund of the Helmholtz Association (Germany) under contract VH-NG-1317. The authors thank Mark Huijben from the University of Twente (Enschede, The Netherlands) for providing the LiMn2O4 sample used in section 4.2 of this study. N. G., J. V., and S. V. A. acknowledge funding from the University of Antwerp through the Concerted Research Actions (GOA) project Solarpaint and the TOP project. | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.2; 2020 IF: 2.843 | ||
| Call Number | EMAT @ emat @c:irua:169706 | Serial | 6373 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Prabhakara, V.; Jannis, D.; Guzzinati, G.; Béché, A.; Bender, H.; Verbeeck, J. | ||||
| Title | HAADF-STEM block-scanning strategy for local measurement of strain at the nanoscale | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Ultramicroscopy | Abbreviated Journal | Ultramicroscopy |
| Volume | 219 | Issue | Pages | 113099 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) | ||||
| Abstract | Lattice strain measurement of nanoscale semiconductor devices is crucial for the semiconductor industry as strain substantially improves the electrical performance of transistors. High resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (HR-STEM) imaging is an excellent tool that provides spatial resolution at the atomic scale and strain information by applying Geometric Phase Analysis or image fitting procedures. However, HR-STEM images regularly suffer from scanning distortions and sample drift during image acquisition. In this paper, we propose a new scanning strategy that drastically reduces artefacts due to drift and scanning distortion, along with extending the field of view. It consists of the acquisition of a series of independent small subimages containing an atomic resolution image of the local lattice. All subimages are then analysed individually for strain by fitting a nonlinear model to the lattice images. The method allows flexible tuning of spatial resolution and the field of view within the limits of the dynamic range of the scan engine while maintaining atomic resolution sampling within the subimages. The obtained experimental strain maps are quantitatively benchmarked against the Bessel diffraction technique. We demonstrate that the proposed scanning strategy approaches the performance of the diffraction technique while having the advantage that it does not require specialized diffraction cameras. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 000594768500006 | Publication Date | 2020-09-01 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0304-3991 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.2 | Times cited | 4 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
| Notes | A.B. D.J. and J.V. acknowledge funding through FWO project G093417N ('Compressed sensing enabling low dose imaging in transmission electron microscopy') from the Flanders Research Fund. J.V acknowledges funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 823717 – ESTEEM3. The Qu-Ant-EM microscope and the direct electron detector used in the diffraction experiments was partly funded by the Hercules fund from the Flemish Government. This project has received funding from the GOA project “Solarpaint” of the University of Antwerp. GG acknowledges support from a postdoctoral fellowship grant from the Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek – Vlaanderen (FWO). Special thanks to Dr. Thomas Nuytten, Prof. Dr. Wilfried Vandervorst, Dr. Paola Favia, Dr. Olivier Richard from IMEC, Leuven and Prof. Dr. Sara Bals from EMAT, Antwerp for their continuous support and collaboration with the project and to the IMEC processing group for the device fabrication. | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.2; 2020 IF: 2.843 | ||
| Call Number | EMAT @ emat @c:irua:172485 | Serial | 6404 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | De wael, A.; De Backer, A.; Van Aert, S. | ||||
| Title | Hidden Markov model for atom-counting from sequential ADF STEM images: Methodology, possibilities and limitations | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Ultramicroscopy | Abbreviated Journal | Ultramicroscopy |
| Volume | 219 | Issue | Pages | 113131 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) | ||||
| Abstract | We present a quantitative method which allows us to reliably measure dynamic changes in the atomic structure of monatomic crystalline nanomaterials from a time series of atomic resolution annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy images. The approach is based on the so-called hidden Markov model and estimates the number of atoms in each atomic column of the nanomaterial in each frame of the time series. We discuss the origin of the improved performance for time series atom-counting as compared to the current state-of-the-art atom-counting procedures, and show that the so-called transition probabilities that describe the probability for an atomic column to lose or gain one or more atoms from frame to frame are particularly important. Using these transition probabilities, we show that the method can also be used to estimate the probability and cross section related to structural changes. Furthermore, we explore the possibilities for applying the method to time series recorded under variable environmental conditions. The method is shown to be promising for a reliable quantitative analysis of dynamic processes such as surface diffusion, adatom dynamics, beam effects, or in situ experiments. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 000594770500003 | Publication Date | 2020-10-03 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0304-3991 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.2 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
| Notes | This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No. 770887 and No. 823717 ESTEEM3). The authors acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through grants to A.D.w. and A.D.B. and projects G.0502.18N and EOS 30489208. | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.2; 2020 IF: 2.843 | ||
| Call Number | EMAT @ emat @c:irua:172449 | Serial | 6417 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Vohra, A.; Makkonen, I.; Pourtois, G.; Slotte, J.; Porret, C.; Rosseel, E.; Khanam, A.; Tirrito, M.; Douhard, B.; Loo, R.; Vandervorst, W. | ||||
| Title | Source/drain materials for Ge nMOS devices: phosphorus activation in epitaxial Si, Ge, Ge1-xSnx and SiyGe1-x-ySnx | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Ecs Journal Of Solid State Science And Technology | Abbreviated Journal | Ecs J Solid State Sc |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 044010-44012 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | This paper benchmarks various epitaxial growth schemes based on n-type group-IV materials as viable source/drain candidates for Ge nMOS devices. Si:P grown at low temperature on Ge, gives an active carrier concentration as high as 3.5 x 10(20) cm(-3) and a contact resistivity down to 7.5 x 10(-9) Omega.cm(2). However, Si:P growth is highly defective due to large lattice mismatch between Si and Ge. Within the material stacks assessed, one option for Ge nMOS source/drain stressors would be to stack Si:P, deposited at contact level, on top of a selectively grown n-SiyGe1-x-ySnx at source/drain level, in line with the concept of Si passivation of n-Ge surfaces to achieve low contact resistivities as reported in literature (Martens et al. 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett., 98, 013 504). The saturation in active carrier concentration with increasing P (or As)-doping is the major bottleneck in achieving low contact resistivities for as-grown Ge or SiyGe1-x-ySnx. We focus on understanding various dopant deactivation mechanisms in P-doped Ge and Ge1-xSnx alloys. First principles simulation results suggest that P deactivation in Ge and Ge1-xSnx can be explained both by P-clustering and donor-vacancy complexes. Positron annihilation spectroscopy analysis, suggests that dopant deactivation in P-doped Ge and Ge1-xSnx is primarily due to the formation of P-n-V and SnmPn-V clusters. (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published on behalf of The Electrochemical Society by IOP Publishing Limited. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 000531473500002 | Publication Date | 2020-04-27 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2162-8769; 2162-8777 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.2 | Times cited | Open Access | ||
| Notes | ; The imec core CMOS program members, European Commission, the TAKEMI5 ECSEL project, local authorities and the imec pilot line are acknowledged for their support. Air Liquide Advanced Materials is acknowledged for providing advanced precursor gases. A. V. acknowledges his long stay abroad grant and a grant for participation in congress abroad from the Research Foundation-Flanders (Application No. V410518N and K159219N). I. M. acknowledges financial support from Academy of Finland (Project Nos. 285 809, 293 932 and 319 178). CSC-IT Center for Science, Finland is acknowledged for providing the computational resources. ; | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.2; 2020 IF: 1.787 | ||
| Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:169502 | Serial | 6607 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Velazco, A.; Béché, A.; Jannis, D.; Verbeeck, J. | ||||
| Title | Reducing electron beam damage through alternative STEM scanning strategies, Part I: Experimental findings | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2022 | Publication | Ultramicroscopy | Abbreviated Journal | Ultramicroscopy |
| Volume | 232 | Issue | Pages | 113398 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) | ||||
| Abstract | The highly energetic electrons in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) can alter or even completely destroy the structure of samples before sufficient information can be obtained. This is especially problematic in the case of zeolites, organic and biological materials. As this effect depends on both the electron beam and the sample and can involve multiple damage pathways, its study remained difficult and is plagued with irreproducibility issues, circumstantial evidence, rumors, and a general lack of solid data. Here we take on the experimental challenge to investigate the role of the STEM scan pattern on the damage behavior of a commercially available zeolite sample with the clear aim to make our observations as reproducible as possible. We make use of a freely programmable scan engine that gives full control over the tempospatial distribution of the electron probe on the sample and we use its flexibility to obtain multiple repeated experiments under identical conditions comparing the difference in beam damage between a conventional raster scan pattern and a newly proposed interleaved scan pattern that provides exactly the same dose and dose rate and visits exactly the same scan points. We observe a significant difference in beam damage for both patterns with up to 11 % reduction in damage (measured from mass loss). These observations demonstrate without doubt that electron dose, dose rate and acceleration voltage are not the only parameters affecting beam damage in (S)TEM experiments and invite the community to rethink beam damage as an unavoidable consequence of applied electron dose. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 000714819200002 | Publication Date | 2021-10-02 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0304-3991 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.2 | Times cited | 18 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
| Notes | A.V., D.J., A.B. and J.V. acknowledge funding from FWO project G093417N (’Compressed sensing enabling low dose imaging in transmission electron microscopy’) and G042920N (’Coincident event detection for advanced spectroscopy in transmission electron microscopy’). This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 823717 ESTEEM3. The Qu-Ant-EM microscope was partly funded by the Hercules fund from the Flemish Government. J.V. acknowledges funding from GOA project “Solarpaint” of the University of Antwerp.; JRA; reported | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.2 | ||
| Call Number | EMAT @ emat @c:irua:183282 | Serial | 6818 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Jannis, D.; Hofer, C.; Gao, C.; Xie, X.; Béché, A.; Pennycook, Tj.; Verbeeck, J. | ||||
| Title | Event driven 4D STEM acquisition with a Timepix3 detector: Microsecond dwell time and faster scans for high precision and low dose applications | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2022 | Publication | Ultramicroscopy | Abbreviated Journal | Ultramicroscopy |
| Volume | 233 | Issue | Pages | 113423 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) | ||||
| Abstract | Four dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D STEM) records the scattering of electrons in a material in great detail. The benefits offered by 4D STEM are substantial, with the wealth of data it provides facilitating for instance high precision, high electron dose efficiency phase imaging via centre of mass or ptychography based analysis. However the requirement for a 2D image of the scattering to be recorded at each probe position has long placed a severe bottleneck on the speed at which 4D STEM can be performed. Recent advances in camera technology have greatly reduced this bottleneck, with the detection efficiency of direct electron detectors being especially well suited to the technique. However even the fastest frame driven pixelated detectors still significantly limit the scan speed which can be used in 4D STEM, making the resulting data susceptible to drift and hampering its use for low dose beam sensitive applications. Here we report the development of the use of an event driven Timepix3 direct electron camera that allows us to overcome this bottleneck and achieve 4D STEM dwell times down to 100 ns; orders of magnitude faster than what has been possible with frame based readout. We characterize the detector for different acceleration voltages and show that the method is especially well suited for low dose imaging and promises rich datasets without compromising dwell time when compared to conventional STEM imaging. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 000734396800003 | Publication Date | 2021-11-13 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0304-3991 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.2 | Times cited | 31 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
| Notes | This project has received funding from the Euro- pean Union’s Horizon 2020 Research Infrastructure – Integrating Activities for Advanced Communities under grant agreement No 823717 – ESTEEM3. J.V. and A.B. acknowledge funding from FWO project G093417N (‘Compressed sensing enabling low dose imaging in transmission electron microscopy’). J.V. and D.J. ac- knowledge funding from FWO project G042920N ‘Co- incident event detection for advanced spectroscopy in transmission electron microscopy’. We acknowledge funding under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 re- search and innovation programme (J.V. and D.J un- der grant agreement No 101017720, FET-Proactive EBEAM, and C.H., C.G., X.X. and T.J.P. from the Eu- ropean Research Council (ERC) Grant agreement No. 802123-HDEM).; esteem3JRA; esteem3reported | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.2 | ||
| Call Number | EMAT @ emat @c:irua:183948 | Serial | 6828 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Hofer, C.; Pennycook, T.J. | ||||
| Title | Reliable phase quantification in focused probe electron ptychography of thin materials | Type | A1 Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2023 | Publication | Ultramicroscopy | Abbreviated Journal | Ultramicroscopy |
| Volume | 254 | Issue | Pages | 113829 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal Article; Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT) ; | ||||
| Abstract | Electron ptychography provides highly sensitive, dose efficient phase images which can be corrected for aberrations after the data has been acquired. This is crucial when very precise quantification is required, such as with sensitivity to charge transfer due to bonding. Drift can now be essentially eliminated as a major impediment to focused probe ptychography, which benefits from the availability of easily interpretable simultaneous Z-contrast imaging. However challenges have remained when quantifying the ptychographic phases of atomic sites. The phase response of a single atom has a negative halo which can cause atoms to reduce in phase when brought closer together. When unaccounted for, as in integrating methods of quantification, this effect can completely obscure the effects of charge transfer. Here we provide a new method of quantification that overcomes this challenge, at least for 2D materials, and is robust to experimental parameters such as noise, sample tilt. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 001071608700001 | Publication Date | 2023-08-18 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0304-3991 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.2 | Times cited | Open Access | ||
| Notes | FWO, G013122N ; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Horizon 2020; European Research Council, 802123-HDEM ; European Research Council; | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.2; 2023 IF: 2.843 | ||
| Call Number | EMAT @ emat @c:irua:200272 | Serial | 8987 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Gorji, S.; Kashiwar, A.; Mantha, L.S.; Kruk, R.; Witte, R.; Marek, P.; Hahn, H.; Kübel, C.; Scherer, T. | ||||
| Title | Nanowire facilitated transfer of sensitive TEM samples in a FIB | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Ultramicroscopy | Abbreviated Journal | Ultramicroscopy |
| Volume | 219 | Issue | Pages | 113075 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) | ||||
| Abstract | We introduce a facile approach to transfer thin films and other mechanically sensitive TEM samples inside a FIB with minimal introduction of stress and bending. The method is making use of a pre-synthetized flexible freestanding Ag nanowire attached to the tip of a typical tungsten micromanipulator inside the FIB. The main advantages of this approach are the significantly reduced stress-induced bending during transfer and attachment of the TEM sample, the very short time required to attach and cut the nanowire, the operation at very low dose and ion current, and only using the e-beam for Pt deposition during the transfer of sensitive TEM samples. This results in a reduced sample preparation time and reduced exposure to the ion beam or e-beam for Pt deposition during the sample preparation and thus also reduced contamination and beam damage. The method was applied to a number of thin films and different TEM samples in order to illustrate the advantageous benefits of the concept. In particular, the technique has been successfully tested for the transfer of a thin film onto a MEMS heating chip for in situ TEM experiments. | ||||
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | Publication Date | 2020-07-15 | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0304-3991 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record | |
| Impact Factor |
2.2 | Times cited | Open Access | ||
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.2; 2020 IF: 2.843 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:183618 | Serial | 6871 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Robert, Hl.; Lobato, I.; Lyu, Fj.; Chen, Q.; Van Aert, S.; Van Dyck, D.; Müller-Caspary, K. | ||||
| Title | Dynamical diffraction of high-energy electrons investigated by focal series momentum-resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy at atomic resolution | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2022 | Publication | Ultramicroscopy | Abbreviated Journal | Ultramicroscopy |
| Volume | 233 | Issue | Pages | 113425 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab | ||||
| Abstract | We report a study of scattering dynamics in crystals employing momentum-resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy under varying illumination conditions. As we perform successive changes of the probe focus, multiple real-space signals are obtained in dependence of the shape of the incident electron wave. With support from extensive simulations, each signal is shown to be characterised by an optimum focus for which the contrast is maximum and which differs among different signals. For instance, a systematic focus mismatch is found between images formed by high-angle scattering, being sensitive to thickness and chemical composition, and the first moment in diffraction space, being sensitive to electric fields. It follows that a single recording at one specific probe focus is usually insufficient to characterise materials comprehensively. Most importantly, we demonstrate in experiment and simulation that the second moment ( |
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| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 000734396800009 | Publication Date | 2021-11-13 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0304-3991 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.2 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
| Notes | We thank Dr. Florian Winkler for valuable discussions and experimental work at the early stages of this study. This work was supported by the Initiative and Network Fund of the Helmholtz Association (Germany) under contracts VH-NG-1317 and ZT-I-0025. This project furthermore received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No. 770887). | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.2 | ||
| Call Number | EMAT @ emat @c:irua:184833 | Serial | 6898 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Van Oijstaeijen, W.; Van Passel, S.; Cools, J.; Janssens de Bisthoven, L.; Huge, J.; Berihun, D.; Ejigu, N.; Nyssen, J. | ||||
| Title | Farmers' preferences towards water hyacinth control : a contingent valuation study | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Journal Of Great Lakes Research | Abbreviated Journal | J Great Lakes Res |
| Volume | 46 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 1459-1468 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering Management (ENM) | ||||
| Abstract | Lake Tana is the most important freshwater lake in Ethiopia. Besides pressures on water quality resulting from urbanization and deforestation, the invasion of the exotic water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) poses new threats to the ecosystem. Water hyacinth, endemic to South America, is widely considered as the world's worst aquatic invasive weed. In 2011, the weed appeared on the northern shores of Lake Tana, expanding in south-eastern direction. The lake area affected by water hyacinth was last estimated in 2015 at 34,500 ha, which equals 16% of the total lake surface. In this research, the benefits of water hyacinth control and eradication for the rural population inhabiting the northern and northeastern villages bordering Lake Tana, are investigated. In the area, the population largely depends on farming and fishing. An assessment of the total economic benefit of eradication was conducted. The stakeholder-centered approach led to measuring the willingness to contribute in labor and cash terms. Results showed smallholders in the study are willing to contribute over half-a-million euros annually. Costs of management actions can be weighed to the benefits, where further research is needed on the impact on other stakeholder groups. Moreover, wetland management should advance to explore multiple pathways in an integrated approach: water hyacinth control, water hyacinth utilization and sustainable waste water management. (C) 2020 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. | ||||
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 000579717900036 | Publication Date | 2020-06-27 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0380-1330 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.2 | Times cited | Open Access | ||
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.2; 2020 IF: 1.958 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:173644 | Serial | 6925 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Jannis, D.; Velazco, A.; Béché, A.; Verbeeck, J. | ||||
| Title | Reducing electron beam damage through alternative STEM scanning strategies, Part II: Attempt towards an empirical model describing the damage process | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2022 | Publication | Ultramicroscopy | Abbreviated Journal | Ultramicroscopy |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 113568 | ||
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) | ||||
| Abstract | In this second part of a series we attempt to construct an empirical model that can mimick all experimental observations made regarding the role of an alternative interleaved scan pattern in STEM imaging on the beam damage in a specific zeolite sample. We make use of a 2D diffusion model that describes the dissipation of the deposited beam energy in the sequence of probe positions that are visited during the scan pattern. The diffusion process allows for the concept of trying to ‘outrun’ the beam damage by carefully tuning the dwell time and distance between consecutively visited probe positions. We add a non linear function to include a threshold effect and evaluate the accumulated damage in each part of the image as a function of scan pattern details. Together, these ingredients are able to describe qualitatively all aspects of the experimental data and provide us with a model that could guide a further optimisation towards even lower beam damage without lowering the applied electron dose. We deliberately remain vague on what is diffusing here which avoids introducing too many sample specific details. This provides hope that the model can be applied also in sample classes that were not yet studied in such great detail by adjusting higher level parameters: a sample dependent diffusion constant and damage threshold. | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 000832788000003 | Publication Date | 0000-00-00 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0304-3991 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.2 | Times cited | 4 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
| Notes | D.J., A.V, A.B. and J.V. acknowledge funding from FWO project G093417N (’Compressed sensing enabling low dose imaging in transmission electron microscopy’) and G042920N (’Coincident event detection for advanced spectroscopy in transmission electron microscopy’). This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 823717 ESTEEM3. The Qu-Ant-EM microscope was partly funded by the Hercules fund from the Flemish Government. J.V. acknowledges funding from GOA project “Solarpaint” of the University of Antwerp .; esteem3reported; esteem3jra; | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.2 | ||
| Call Number | EMAT @ emat @c:irua:188535 | Serial | 7071 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Hofer, C.; Gao, C.; Chennit, T.; Yuan, B.; Pennycook, T.J. | ||||
| Title | Phase offset method of ptychographic contrast reversal correction | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2024 | Publication | Ultramicroscopy | Abbreviated Journal | Ultramicroscopy |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 113922 | ||
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 001164447000001 | Publication Date | 2024-01-08 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0304-3991 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record | |
| Impact Factor |
2.2 | Times cited | Open Access | Not_Open_Access | |
| Notes | FWO, G013122N ; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; European Research Council, 802123-HDEM ; European Research Council; | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.2; 2024 IF: 2.843 | ||
| Call Number | EMAT @ emat @c:irua:202379 | Serial | 8988 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Sentürk, D.G.; De Backer, A.; Friedrich, T.; Van Aert, S. | ||||
| Title | Optimal experiment design for element specific atom counting using multiple annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy detectors | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2022 | Publication | Ultramicroscopy | Abbreviated Journal | Ultramicroscopy |
| Volume | 242 | Issue | Pages | 113626 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) | ||||
| Abstract | This paper investigates the possible benefits for counting atoms of different chemical nature when analysing multiple 2D scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images resulting from independent annular dark field (ADF) detector regimes. To reach this goal, the principles of statistical detection theory are used to quantify the probability of error when determining the number of atoms in atomic columns consisting of multiple types of elements. In order to apply this theory, atom-counting is formulated as a statistical hypothesis test, where each hypothesis corresponds to a specific number of atoms of each atom type in an atomic column. The probability of error, which is limited by the unavoidable presence of electron counting noise, can then be computed from scattering-cross sections extracted from multiple ADF STEM images. Minimisation of the probability of error as a function of the inner and outer angles of a specified number of independent ADF collection regimes results in optimal experimental designs. Based on simulations of spherical Au@Ag and Au@Pt core–shell nanoparticles, we investigate how the combination of two non-overlapping detector regimes helps to improve the probability of error when unscrambling two types of atoms. In particular, the combination of a narrow low angle ADF detector with a detector formed by the remaining annular collection regime is found to be optimal. The benefit is more significant if the atomic number Z difference becomes larger. In addition, we show the benefit of subdividing the detector regime into three collection areas for heterogeneous nanostructures based on a structure consisting of three types of elements, e.g., a mixture of Au, Ag and Al atoms. Finally, these results are compared with the probability of error resulting when one would ultimately use a pixelated 4D STEM detector and how this could help to further reduce the incident electron dose. |
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| Language | Wos | 000873778100001 | Publication Date | 0000-00-00 | |
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| ISSN | 0304-3991 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor |
2.2 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
| Notes | This work was supported by the European Research Council (Grant 770887 PICOMETRICS to S. Van Aert and Grant 823717 ESTEEM3). The authors acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through project fundings (G.0346.21N and EOS 30489208) and a postdoctoral grant to A. De Backer. S. Van Aert acknowledges funding from the University of Antwerp Research fund (BOF).; esteem3reported; esteem3jra | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.2 | ||
| Call Number | EMAT @ emat @c:irua:190925 | Serial | 7118 | ||
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