NANOlab Center of Excellence literature database -- Query Results

	NANOlab Center of Excellence literature database Home \| Show All \| Simple Search \| Advanced Search	Login Quick Search: Field: contains: ...
	391–420 of 469 records found matching your query (RSS \| history):

Select All Deselect All

<< 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 >>

List View

Citations

Details

	Records
	Author	Rouchon, V.; Pellizzi, E.; Duranton, M.; Vanmeert, F.; Janssens, K.
	Title	Combining XANES, ICP-AES, and SEM/EDS for the study of phytate chelating treatments used on iron gall ink damaged manuscripts			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal	J Anal Atom Spectrom
	Volume	26	Issue	12	Pages	2434-2441
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Many historical documents written with iron gall inks are endangered by the corrosive effects of these inks. In this work, a combination of complementary analytical methods was used for the first time in order to study the phytate process which is used in conservation studios to stabilize damaged manuscripts. This process consists of an antioxidant treatment performed by means of a calcium phytate (CP) solution, followed by a deacidification treatment performed with a calcium carbonate (CC) solution. The antioxidant treatment capitalizes on the properties of myo-inositol hexaphosphoric acid (phytic acid) that inhibits iron through chelation. In order to use relatively low acidic solutions, the pH of the CP solution is increased up to values between 5 and 6, which is in the range of the CP precipitation threshold. This study was performed on laboratory samples made of paper impregnated with iron gall ink and artificially aged in climatic chambers. It aims to investigate how the CP precipitate impacts the efficiency of the treatment. Side effects, such as elemental losses and deposits, were measured by means of several analytical techniques (FeK Edge XANES, SEM/EDS, and ICP-AES). These measurements were crosschecked with a ready to use colour spot test made of bathophenanthroline impregnated paper. It appeared that the CP treatment should necessarily be followed by the deacidification treatment in order to achieve long term stability. The precipitation of CP in the treating solution does finally not impact the efficiency of the treatment despite the fact that it should theoretically lower the availability of phytate to chelate iron. A scenario is proposed to explain this point.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000297030400008	Publication Date	2011-10-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0267-9477	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.379	Times cited	10	Open Access
	Notes	; This research was funded by SOLEIL (proposals 20060396 and 20080761) and was supported by the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme-Belgian Science Policy (IUAP VI/16). The text also presents results of GOA “XANES meets ELNES” (Research Fund University of Antwerp, Belgium) and from FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects no. G.0704.08 and G.01769.09. We are thankful to the paper conservator students of the Institut National du Patrimoine who were involved in some of the sample preparations, and to Dr Dominique Thiaudiere and Dr Solenn Reguer for their assistance and help during the experiments performed at SOLEIL beamline “DIFFABS”. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.379; 2011 IF: 3.220
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:93845			Serial	5527
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Cagno, S.; Nuyts, G.; Bugani, S.; De Vis, K.; Schalm, O.; Caen, J.; Helfen, L.; Cotte, M.; Reischig, P.; Janssens, K.
	Title	Evaluation of manganese-bodies removal in historical stained glass windows via SR-\mu-XANES/XRF and SR-\mu-CT			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal	J Anal Atom Spectrom
	Volume	26	Issue	12	Pages	2442-2451
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The speed and effectiveness of a conservation treatment used for stained glass windows have been investigated. Dark-coloured Mn-rich stains can be found in the alteration layer of ancient glass artefacts and cause the surface to turn brown/black: this phenomenon is known as Mn-browning or Mn-staining. While in glass manganese is present in the +II or +III oxidation states, in the Mn-rich bodies, manganese is in a higher oxidation state (+IV). In restoration practice, mildly reducing solutions are employed to eliminate the dark colour and restore the clear appearance of the glass. In this paper the effectiveness and side effects of the use of hydroxylamine hydrochloride for this purpose are assessed. Archaeological fragments of stained glass windows, dated to the 14th century and originating from Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge (UK), were examined by means of synchrotron radiation (SR) based microscopic X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Spectroscopy (μ-XANES) and microscopic X-Ray Fluorescence (μ-XRF) and with high resolution computed absorption tomography (μ-CT) before, during and after the treatment. The monitoring of the glass fragments during the treatment allows us to better understand the manner in which the process unfolds and its kinetics. The results obtained reveal that the hydroxylamine hydrochloride treatment is effective, but also that it has a number of unwanted side effects. These findings are useful for optimizing the time and other modalities of the Mn-reducing treatment as well as minimizing its unwanted results.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000297030400009	Publication Date	2011-10-11
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0267-9477	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.379	Times cited	17	Open Access
	Notes	; This research was supported by the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme-Belgian Science Policy (IUAP VI/16). The text also presents results of GOA “XANES meets ELNES” (Research Fund University of Antwerp, Belgium) and from FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects no. G.0704.08 and G.01769.09. Special thanks to Ms Leonie Seliger, head of the stained-glass conservation studio (The Cathedral Studios-The Chapter of Canterbury Cathedral) for the supply of the archaeological samples. The authors gratefully acknowledge ESRF for granting beamtime (proposal EC-602). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.379; 2011 IF: 3.220
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:93848			Serial	5613
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Legrand, S.; Alfeld, M.; Vanmeert, F.; de Nolf, W.; Janssens, K.
	Title	Macroscopic Fourier transform infrared scanning in reflection mode (MA-rFTIR), a new tool for chemical imaging of cultural heritage artefacts in the mid-infrared range			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	The analyst	Abbreviated Journal	Analyst
	Volume	139	Issue	10	Pages	2489-2498
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	In this paper we demonstrate that by means of scanning reflection FTIR spectroscopy, it is possible to record highly specific distribution maps of organic and inorganic compounds from flat, macroscopic objects with cultural heritage value in a non-invasive manner. Our previous work involved the recording of macroscopic distributions of chemical elements or crystal phases from painted works of art based on respectively macroscopic X-ray fluorescence or X-ray powder diffraction analysis. The use of infrared radiation instead of X-rays has the advantage that more specific information about the nature and distribution of the chemical compounds present can be gathered. This higher imaging specificity represents a clear advantage for the characterization of painting and artist materials. It allows the distribution of metallo-organic compounds to be visualized and permits distinguishing between pigmented materials containing the same key metal. The prototype instrument allows the recording of hyperspectral datacubes by scanning the surface of the artefact in a contactless and sequential single-point measuring mode, while recording the spectrum of reflected infrared radiation. After the acquisition, spectral line intensities of individual bands and chemical distribution maps can be extracted from the datacube to identify the compounds present and/or to highlight their spatial distribution. Not only is information gained on the surface of the investigated artefacts, but also images of overpainted paint layers and, if present, the underdrawing may be revealed in this manner. A current major limitation is the long scanning times required to record these maps.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000334734200028	Publication Date	2014-02-19
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-2654	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.885	Times cited	25	Open Access
	Notes	; ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.885; 2014 IF: 4.107
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116595			Serial	5699
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Rouchon, V.; Duranton, M.; Burgaud, C.; Pellizzi, E.; Lavédrine, B.; Janssens, K.; de Nolf, W.; Nuyts, G.; Vanmeert, F.; Hellemans, K.
	Title	Room-temperature study of iron gall ink impregnated paper degradation under various oxygen and humidity conditions : time-dependent monitoring by viscosity and X-ray absorption near-edge spectrometry measurements			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Anal Chem
	Volume	83	Issue	7	Pages	2589-2597
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Many western manuscripts were written using iron gall inks. These inks can damage the paper via two major mechanisms: (a) acid hydrolysis, enhanced by humidity, and (b) oxidative depolymerization provoked by the presence of oxygen and free iron(II) ions. The degradation of unsized Whatman paper impregnated with different combinations of iron sulfate, gallic acid, and gum arabic was studied at room temperature in order to assess the relative importance of each mechanism. The samples were stored in various environments including a dry and/or an oxygen-free atmosphere. The cellulose depolymerization was monitored by viscometry and related to changes in the oxidation state of iron, determined by X-ray absorption near-edge spectrometry. The results indicate that residual amounts of oxygen (less than 0.1%) promote cellulose depolymerization, whereas the level of relative humidity has no impact. The cellulose depolymerization also appears closely correlated to oxidative mechanisms. Regarding the oxidation of iron, it only occurs in the simultaneous presence of oxygen and moisture, suggesting the occurrence of rustlike oxidative mechanisms. Finally, the presence of gallic acid has a strong influence, which is only partially explained by its capacity to reduce iron(III) to iron(II).
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000288887700028	Publication Date	2011-03-04
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-2700; 5206-882x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.32	Times cited	28	Open Access
	Notes	; This research was supported by the French Ministry of Culture within the National Program of Research (“La conservation des manuscrits: etude du vieillissement naturel de papiers impregnes d'encres ferrogalliques”). It was funded by grants from HASYLAB (experiments I-20090280 EC and II-20060245 EC) and SOLEIL (proposals 20060396 and 20080761) and was supported by the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme Belgian Science Policy (1UAP V1/16). The text also presents results of GOA “XANES meets ELNES” (Research Fund University of Antwerp, Belgium) and from FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects nos. G.0689.06, G.0704.08 and G017909N. We are thankful to Dr. Dominique Thaudiere, Dr. Solenn Reguer, Dr. Andrea Somogyi, Dr. Karen Appel, Dr. Manuela Borchert, and Dr. Gerald Falkenberg for their assistance and help during the experiments performed at SOLEIL beamline “DIFFABS” and at HASYLAB Beam line “L” respectively. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.32; 2011 IF: 5.856
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:89593			Serial	5822
Permanent link to this record



	Author	van der Snickt, G.; Dik, J.; Cotte, M.; Janssens, K.; Jaroszewicz, J.; de Nolf, W.; Groenewegen, J.; van der Loeff, L.
	Title	Characterization of a degraded cadmium yellow (CdS) pigment in an oil painting by means of synchrotron radiation based X-ray techniques			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Anal Chem
	Volume	81	Issue	7	Pages	2600-2610
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	On several paintings of James Ensor (1860−1949), a gradual fading of originally bright yellow areas, painted with the pigment cadmium yellow (CdS), is observed. Additionally, in some areas exposed to light, the formation of small white-colored globules on top of the original paint surface is observed. In this paper the chemical transformation leading to the color change and to the formation of the globules is elucidated. Microscopic X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (ì-XANES) experiments show that sulfur, originally present in sulfidic form (S2−), is oxidized during the transformation to the sulfate form (S6+). Upon formation (at or immediately below the surface), the highly soluble cadmium sulfate is assumed to be transported to the surface in solution and reprecipitates there, forming the whitish globules. The presence of cadmium sulfate (CdSO4·2H2O) and ammonium cadmium sulfate [(NH4)2Cd(SO4)2] at the surface is confirmed by microscopic X-ray diffraction measurements, where the latter salt is suspected to result from a secondary reaction of cadmium sulfate with ammonia. Measurements performed on cross sections reveal that the oxidation front has penetrated into the yellow paint down to ca. 1−2 ìm. The morphology and elemental distribution of the paint and degradation product were examined by means of scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy-dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS) and synchrotron radiation based micro-X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (SR ì-XRF). In addition, ultraviolet-induced visible fluorescence photography (UIVFP) revealed itself to be a straightforward technique for documenting the occurrence of this specific kind of degradation on a macroscale by painting conservators.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000264759400025	Publication Date	2009-03-11
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-2700; 5206-882x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.32	Times cited	91	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 6.32; 2009 IF: 5.214
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:76415			Serial	5501
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Al-Emam, E.; Beltran, V.; De Meyer, S.; Nuyts, G.; Wetemans, V.; De Wael, K.; Caen, J.; Janssens, K.
	Title	Removal of a past varnish treatment from a 19th-century Belgian wall painting by means of a solvent-loaded double network hydrogel			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2021	Publication	Polymers	Abbreviated Journal	Polymers-Basel
	Volume	13	Issue	16	Pages	2651-20
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES); Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab); Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS)
	Abstract	Polymeric materials have been used by painting conservator-restorers as consolidants and/or varnishes for wall paintings. The application of these materials is carried out when confronting loose paint layers or as a protective coating. However, these materials deteriorate and cause physiochemical alterations to the treated surface. In the past, the monumental neo-gothic wall painting 'The Last Judgment' in the chapel of Sint-Jan Berchmanscollege in Antwerp, Belgium was treated with a synthetic polymeric material. This varnish deteriorated significantly and turned brown, obscuring the paint layers. Given also that the varnish was applied to some parts of the wall painting and did not cover the entire surface, it was necessary to remove it in order to restore the original appearance of the wall painting. Previous attempts carried out by conservator-restorers made use of traditional cleaning methods, which led to damage of the fragile paint layers. Therefore, gel cleaning was proposed as a less invasive and more controllable method for gently softening and removing the varnish. The work started by identifying the paint stratigraphy and the deteriorated varnish via optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. A polyvinyl alcohol-borax/agarose (PVA-B/AG) hydrogel loaded with a number of solvents/solvent mixtures was employed in a series of tests to select the most suitable hydrogel composite. By means of the hydrogel composite loaded with 10% propylene carbonate, it was possible to safely remove the brown varnish layer. The results were verified by visual examinations (under visible light 'VIS' and ultraviolet light 'UV') as well as OM and FTIR spectroscopy.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000690248000001	Publication Date	2021-08-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2073-4360	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.364	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.364
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:181567			Serial	8470
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Ceglia, A.; Nuyts, G.; Cagno, S.; Meulebroeck, W.; Baert, K.; Cosyns, P.; Nys, K.; Thienpont, H.; Janssens, K.; Terryn, H.
	Title	A XANES study of chromophores : the case of black glass			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	Analytical methods	Abbreviated Journal	Anal Methods-Uk
	Volume	6	Issue	8	Pages	2662-2671
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	We studied the Fe K-edge X-ray absorption near edge (XANES) spectra of several Roman black glass fragments in order to determine the Fe3+/ΣFe ratio of these materials. The selected archaeological glass samples cover the period 1st5th century AD in nine different sites of the North Western provinces of the Roman Empire. The fragments belong to two different compositional groups demonstrating a diachronic evolution: early Roman HMG (High Magnesia Glass) and Roman Imperial LMG (Low Magnesia Glass). The first group contains natural Fe levels (below 2 wt% as Fe2O3), while the LMG has concentrations above 5 wt%. This difference is also reflected by Fe3+/ΣFe values. Low iron glass was produced under strongly reducing conditions in order to obtain the black colour, with average Fe3+/ΣFe values ≈ 0.17. LMG glass is somewhat more oxidised (Fe3+/ΣFe ≈ 0.40.5). While HMG glass required active control of the furnace environment, LMG was made under ambient atmosphere and its higher oxidation degree is mainly determined by the chemistry of the raw glass.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000333524200032	Publication Date	2014-02-05
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1759-9660	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.9	Times cited	14	Open Access
	Notes	; The authors are grateful to the staff of beamline L in HASYLAB for their helpful support. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013 under grant agreement no. 265010. Support from the University of Antwerp Research Council through GOA Programme “XANES meets ELNES” is gratefully acknowledged. This work was partly supported by the Research Council of Norway through its Centres of Excellence funding scheme, project number 223268/F50. We would like to thank M. P. Riccardi and E. Basso of the University of Pavia and R. Falcone of the Stazione Sperimentale del Vetro who provided us with the reference glasses. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.9; 2014 IF: 1.821
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116596			Serial	5919
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Terzano, R.; Santoro, A.; Spagnuolo, M.; Vekemans, B.; Medici, L.; Janssens, K.; Göttlicher, J.; Denecke, M.A.; Mangold, S.; Ruggiero, P.
	Title	Solving mercury (Hg) speciation in soil samples by synchrotron X-ray microspectroscopic techniques			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2010	Publication	Environmental pollution	Abbreviated Journal	Environ Pollut
	Volume	158	Issue	8	Pages	2702-2709
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Direct mercury (Hg) speciation was assessed for soil samples with a Hg concentration ranging from 7 up to 240 mg kg1. Hg chemical forms were identified and quantified by sequential extractions and bulkand micro-analytical techniques exploiting synchrotron generated X-rays. In particular, microspectroscopic techniques such as m-XRF, m-XRD and m-XANES were necessary to solve bulk Hg speciation, in both soil fractions <2 mm and <2 mm. The main Hg-species found in the soil samples were metacinnabar (b-HgS), cinnabar (a-HgS), corderoite (Hg3S2Cl2), and an amorphous phase containing Hg bound to chlorine and sulfur. The amount of metacinnabar and amorphous phases increased in the fraction <2 mm. No interaction among Hg-species and soil components was observed. All the observed Hgspecies originated from the slow weathering of an inert Hg-containing waste material (K106, U.S. EPA) dumped in the area several years ago, which is changing into a relatively more dangerous source of pollution.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000280571500026	Publication Date	2010-06-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0269-7491	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	5.099	Times cited	30	Open Access
	Notes	; This research was partially financed by the MIUR (COFIN 2005) project “Innovative chemical, physical, and biological methods to characterize and remediate soils polluted by heavy metals (MICROS)”. Synchrotron experiments at HASYLAB were financially supported by the European Community-Research Infrastructure Action under the FP6 “Structuring the European Research Area” Program I(Integrating Activity on Synchrotron and Free Electron Laser Science; project: contract RII3-CT-2004-506008). This research was also performed as part of the “Interuniversity Attraction Poles” (IAP6) Program financed by the Belgian government. We thank Gerald Falkenberg and Karen Rickers-Appel for their scientific and technical support in obtaining the experimental data at Beam line L (HASYLAB, DESY, Hamburg, Germany). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 5.099; 2010 IF: 3.395
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:84050			Serial	5835
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Simionovici, A.S.; Chukalina, M.; Schroer, C.; Drakopoulos, M.; Snigirev, A.; Snigireva, I.; Lengeler, B.; Janssens, K.; Adams, F.
	Title	High-resolution X-ray fluorescence microtomography of homogeneous samples			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2000	Publication	IEEE transactions on nuclear science	Abbreviated Journal	Ieee T Nucl Sci
	Volume	47	Issue	6	Pages	2736-2740
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000166992400006	Publication Date	2002-08-24
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0018-9499	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.171	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.171; 2000 IF: 1.060
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:32403			Serial	5644
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Marchetti, A.; Saniz, R.; Krishnan, D.; Rabbachin, L.; Nuyts, G.; De Meyer, S.; Verbeeck, J.; Janssens, K.; Pelosi, C.; Lamoen, D.; Partoens, B.; De Wael, K.
	Title	Unraveling the Role of Lattice Substitutions on the Stabilization of the Intrinsically Unstable Pb₂Sb₂O₇Pyrochlore: Explaining the Lightfastness of Lead Pyroantimonate Artists’ Pigments			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Chemistry Of Materials	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Mater
	Volume	32	Issue	7	Pages	2863-2873
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	The pyroantimonate pigments Naples yellow and lead tin antimonate yellow are recognized as some of the most stable synthetic yellow pigments in the history of art. However, this exceptional lightfastness is in contrast with experimental evidence suggesting that this class of mixed oxides is of semiconducting nature. In this study the electronic structure and light-induced behavior of the lead pyroantimonate pigments were determined by means of a combined multifaceted analytical and computational approach (photoelectrochemical measurements, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, STEM-EDS, STEM-HAADF, and density functional theory calculations). The results demonstrate both the semiconducting nature and the lightfastness of these pigments. Poor optical absorption and minority carrier mobility are the main properties responsible for the observed stability. In addition, novel fundamental insights into the role played by Na atoms in the stabilization of the otherwise intrinsically unstable Pb2Sb2O7 pyrochlore were obtained.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000526394000016	Publication Date	2020-04-14
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0897-4756	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.6	Times cited	8	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	Universiteit Antwerpen; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office;			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.6; 2020 IF: 9.466
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:168819			Serial	6363
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Cagno, S.; Mendera, M.; Jeffries, T.; Janssens, K.
	Title	Raw materials for medieval to post-medieval Tuscan glassmaking : new insight from LA-ICP-MS analyses			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2010	Publication	Journal of archaeological science	Abbreviated Journal	J Archaeol Sci
	Volume	37	Issue	12	Pages	3030-3036
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	LA-ICP-MS analyses were performed on a set of Tuscan (post) medieval archaeological glass finds dated to the 1316th century in order to quantitatively determine the trace element contents. The results are used for defining and distinguishing several compositional groups. The trace element data are consistent with the distinctions obtained by considering the major element data determined via quantitative SEM-EDX, but allow to obtain new insights into the nature and quality of the silica sources employed and the presumed method of ash purification.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000283903500008	Publication Date	2010-07-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0305-4403	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.602	Times cited	38	Open Access
	Notes	; This research was supported by the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Program – Belgian Science Policy (IUAP VI/16). The text also presents results of GOA “Atom” (Research Fund University of Antwerp, Belgium) and of FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects no. G.0177.03, G.0103.04 and G.0689.06. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.602; 2010 IF: 1.710
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:85814			Serial	5802
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Cagno, S.; van der Snickt, G.; Legrand, S.; Caen, J.; Patin, M.; Meulebroeck, W.; Dirkx, Y.; Hillen, M.; Steenackers, G.; Rousaki, A.; Vandenabeele, P.; Janssens, K.
	Title	Comparison of four mobile, non‐invasive diagnostic techniques for differentiating glass types in historical leaded windows : MA‐XRF , UV–Vis–NIR, Raman spectroscopy and IRT			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	X-Ray Spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal	X-Ray Spectrom
	Volume		Issue		Pages	xrs.3185-17
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
	Abstract	This paper critically compares the performance of four non-invasive techniques that match the accuracy, flexibility, time-efficiency, and transportability required for in situ characterization of leaded glass windows: macroscopic X-ray fluorescence imaging (MA-XRF), UV-Vis-NIR, Raman spectroscopy, and infrared thermography (IRT). In order to compare the techniques on equal grounds, all techniques were tested independently of each other by separate research groups on the same historical leaded window tentatively dated to the 17th century, without prior knowledge. The aim was to assess the ability of these techniques to document the conservation history of the window by classifying and grouping the colorless glass panes, based on differences in composition. IRT, MA-XRF and UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy positively distinguished at least two glass groups, with MA-XRF providing the most detailed chemical information. In particular, based on the ratio between the network modifier (K) and network stabilizer (Ca) and on the level of colorants and decolorizers (Fe, Mn, As), the number of plausible glass families could be strongly reduced. In addition, UV-Vis-NIR detected cobalt at ppm level and gave more specific information on the chromophore Fe2+/Fe(3+)ratio. Raman spectroscopy was hampered by fluorescence caused by the metal ions of the decolorizer in most of the panes, but nevertheless identified one group as HLLA.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000561869600001	Publication Date	2020-08-24
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.2	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office, Grant/Award Number: BR/175/A3/FENESTRA; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, Grant/Award Number: 12X1919N; Baillet-Latour Fund ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.2; 2020 IF: 1.298
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:170972			Serial	6473
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Terzano, R.; al Chami, Z.; Vekemans, B.; Janssens, K.; Miano, T.; Ruggiero, P.
	Title	Zinc distribution and speciation within rocket plants (Eruca vesicaria L. Cavalieri) grown on a polluted soil amended with compost as determined by XRF microtomography and Micro-Xanes			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2008	Publication	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	J Agr Food Chem
	Volume	56	Issue	9	Pages	3222-3231
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000255655600050	Publication Date	2008-04-15
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0021-8561	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.154	Times cited	68	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.154; 2008 IF: 2.562
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:69147			Serial	5925
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Rahemi, V.; Sarmadian, N.; Anaf, W.; Janssens, K.; Lamoen, D.; Partoens, B.; De Wael, K.
	Title	Unique opto-electronic structure and photo reduction properties of sulfur doped lead chromates explaining their instability in paintings			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	Analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Anal Chem
	Volume	89	Issue	89	Pages	3326-3334
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Condensed Matter Theory (CMT); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Chrome yellow refers to a group of synthetic inorganic pigments that became popular as an artists material from the second quarter of the 19th century. The color of the pigment, in which the chromate ion acts as a chromophore, is related to its chemical composition (PbCr1-xSxO4, with 0≤x≤0.8) and crystalline structure (monoclinic/orthorhombic). Their shades range from the yellow-orange to the paler yellow tones with increasing sulfate amount. These pigments show remarkable signs of degradation after limited time periods. Pure PbCrO4 (crocoite in its natural form) has a deep yellow color and is relatively stable, while the co-precipitate with lead sulfate (PbCr1-xSxO4) has a paler shade and seems to degrade faster. This degradation is assumed to be related to the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III). We show that on increasing the sulfur(S)-content in chrome yellow, the band gap increases. Typically, when increasing the band gap, one might assume that a decrease in photo activity is the result. However, the photo activity relative to the Cr content, and thus Cr reduction, of sulfur-rich PbCr1-xSxO4 is found to be much higher compared to the sulfur-poor or non-doped lead chromates. This discrepancy can be explained by the evolution of the crystal and electronic structure as function of the sulfur content: first-principles density functional theory calculations show that both the absorption coefficient and reflection coefficients of the lead chromates change as a result of the sulfate doping in such a way that the generation of electron-hole pairs under illumination relative to the total Cr content increases. These changes in the material properties explain why paler shade yellow colors of this pigment are more prone to discoloration. The electronic structure calculations also demonstrate that lead chromate and its co-precipitates are p-type semiconductors, which explains the observed reduction reaction. As understanding this phenomenon is valuable in the field of cultural heritage, this study is the first joint action of photo-electrochemical measurements and first-principles calculations to approve the higher tendency of sulfur-rich lead chromates to darken.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Washington, D.C.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000397478300015	Publication Date	2017-02-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-2700	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.32	Times cited	7	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	; The computational resources and services used in this work were provided by the VSC (Flemish Supercomputer Center) and the HPC infrastructure of the University of Antwerp (CalcUA), both funded by the Hercules Foundation and the Flemish Government, department EWI. The BOF-GOA action SOLARPAINT of the University of Antwerp Research Council is acknowledged for financial support. W.A. acknowledges support from BELSPO project S2-ART. Dr. L. Monico and Dr. C. Miliani (ISTM, Perugia) are gratefully acknowledged for helpful discussions and for providing some of the initial batches of the materials studied. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.32
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:140886			Serial	4451
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Terzano, R.; Alfeld, M.; Janssens, K.; Vekemans, B.; Schoonjans, T.; Vincze, L.; Tomasi, N.; Pinton, R.; Cesco, S.
	Title	Spatially resolved (semi)quantitative determination of iron (Fe) in plants by means of synchrotron micro X-ray fluorescence			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Anal Bioanal Chem
	Volume	405	Issue	10	Pages	3341-3350
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Iron (Fe) is an essential element for plant growth and development; hence determining Fe distribution and concentration inside plant organs at the microscopic level is of great relevance to better understand its metabolism and bioavailability through the food chain. Among the available microanalytical techniques, synchrotron mu-XRF methods can provide a powerful and versatile array of analytical tools to study Fe distribution within plant samples. In the last years, the implementation of new algorithms and detection technologies has opened the way to more accurate (semi)quantitative analyses of complex matrices like plant materials. In this paper, for the first time the distribution of Fe within tomato roots has been imaged and quantified by means of confocal mu-XRF and exploiting a recently developed fundamental parameter-based algorithm. With this approach, Fe concentrations ranging from few hundreds of ppb to several hundreds of ppm can be determined at the microscopic level without cutting sections. Furthermore, Fe (semi)quantitative distribution maps were obtained for the first time by using two opposing detectors to collect simultaneously the XRF radiation emerging from both sides of an intact cucumber leaf.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000316338700033	Publication Date	2013-02-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1618-2642	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.431	Times cited	27	Open Access
	Notes	; Research was supported by grants from Italian MIUR (FIRB-Programma “Futuro in Ricerca”) and Free University of Bolzano (TN5046 and TN5056). Synchrotron experiments at HASY-LAB were financially supported by the European Community Research Infrastructure Action under the FP6 “Structuring the European Research Area” Program I (Integrating Activity on Synchrotron and Free Electron Laser Science; project: contract RII3-CT-2004-506008). Matthias Alfeld receives a Ph.D. fellowship of the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO). We thank Karen Rickers-Appel for her scientific and technical support in obtaining the experimental data at Beamline L (HASYLAB, DESY, Hamburg, Germany). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.431; 2013 IF: 3.578
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:108261			Serial	5838
Permanent link to this record



	Author	van der Snickt, G.; Dooley, K.A.; Sanyova, J.; Dubois, H.; Delaney, J.K.; Gifford, E.M.; Legrand, S.; Laquiere, N.; Janssens, K.
	Title	Dual mode standoff imaging spectroscopy documents the painting process of the Lamb of God in the Ghent Altarpiece by J. and H. Van Eyck			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Science Advances	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	6	Issue	31	Pages	eabb3379
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
	Abstract	The ongoing conservation treatment program of the Ghent Altarpiece by Hubert and Jan Van Eyck, one of the iconic paintings of the west, has revealed that the designs of the paintings were changed several times, first by the original artists, and then during later restorations. The central motif, The Lamb of God, representing Christ, plays an essential iconographic role, and its depiction is important. Because of the prevalence of lead white, it was not possible to visualize the Van Eycks' original underdrawing of the Lamb, their design changes, and the overpaint by later restorers with a single spectral imaging modality. However, by using elemental (x-ray fluorescence) and molecular (infrared reflectance) imaging spectroscopies, followed by analysis of the resulting data cubes, the necessary chemical contrast could be achieved. In this way, the two complementary modalities provided a more complete picture of the development and changes made to the Lamb.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000556543100033	Publication Date	2020-07-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2375-2548	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	13.6	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	; This research was part of the activities of the Chair on Advanced Imaging Techniques for the Arts, established by the Baillet Latour fund. In addition, it was supported by the Belgian Science Policy Office (Project MO/39/011) and the Gieskes-Strijbis fund. We are also indebted to the BOF-GOA SOLARPaint project of the University of Antwerp Research Council and to FWO (Brussels) projects G056619N and G054719N. J.K.D. and K.A.D. acknowledge support from the National Gallery of Art. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 13.6; 2020 IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:171270			Serial	6494
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Vincze, L.; Janssens, K.; Adams, F.; Engström, P.; Rindby, A.
	Title	Interpretation of cappilary generated spatial and angular distribution of X-rays: theoretical modeling and experimental verification using the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility Optical Beamline			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1998	Publication	The review of scientific instruments	Abbreviated Journal	Rev Sci Instrum
	Volume	69	Issue	10	Pages	3494-3503
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000076430000005	Publication Date	2002-07-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0034-6748	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.515	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.515; 1998 IF: 1.177
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:22764			Serial	5669
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Monico, L.; Cartechini, L.; Rosi, F.; Chieli, A.; Grazia, C.; De Meyer, S.; Nuyts, G.; Vanmeert, F.; Janssens, K.; Cotte, M.; De Nolf, W.; Falkenberg, G.; Sandu, I.C.A.; Tveit, E.S.; Mass, J.; De Freitas, R.P.; Romani, A.; Miliani, C.
	Title	Probing the chemistry of CdS paints in The Scream by in situ noninvasive spectroscopies and synchrotron radiation x-ray techniques			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Science Advances	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	6	Issue	20	Pages	eaay3514
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The degradation of cadmium sulfide (CdS)-based oil paints is a phenomenon potentially threatening the iconic painting The Scream (ca. 1910) by Edvard Munch (Munch Museum, Oslo) that is still poorly understood. Here, we provide evidence for the presence of cadmium sulfate and sulfites as alteration products of the original CdS-based paint and explore the external circumstances and internal factors causing this transformation. Macroscale in situ noninvasive spectroscopy studies of the painting in combination with synchrotron-radiation x-ray microspectroscopy investigations of a microsample and artificially aged mock-ups show that moisture and mobile chlorine compounds are key factors for promoting the oxidation of CdS, while light (photodegradation) plays a less important role. Furthermore, under exposure to humidity, parallel/secondary reactions involving dissolution, migration through the paint, and recrystallization of water-soluble phases of the paint are associated with the formation of cadmium sulfates.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000533573300009	Publication Date	2020-05-16
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2375-2548	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	13.6	Times cited	4	Open Access
	Notes	; The research was financially supported by the European research project IPERION-CH, funded by the European Commission, H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015 (grant agreement no. 654028); the project AMIS, within the program Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2018-2022 (funded by MIUR and University of Perugia); and the program “Ricerca di Base 2017” (funded by University of Perugia). S.D.M. and K.J. acknowledge the GOA Project SolarPaint from the University of Antwerp Research Council and projects G056619N and G054719N from FWO (Brussels). F.V. and K.J. acknowledge support from Interreg Project Smart*Light and thank BELSPO (Brussels) for financial support via FED-tWIN mandate PRF055. L.M. acknowledges the Erasmus+ program (Staff Mobility for training, A. Y. 2018 to 2019) of the European Commission. In situ noninvasive analyses were performed using the European MOLAB platform, which is financially supported by the European project IPERION-CH. For the beamtime grants received, the authors thank the ESRF-ID21 beamline (experiment nos. HG32, HG64, and HG95), DESY-P06 beamline, a member of the Helmholtz Association HGF (experiment nos. I-20130221 EC and I-20160126 EC), and the project CALIPSOplus under the Grant Agreement 730872 from the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation HORIZON 2020. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 13.6; 2020 IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:169519			Serial	6585
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Vanmeert, F.; van der Snickt, G.; Janssens, K.
	Title	Plumbonacrite identified by X-ray powder diffraction tomography as a missing link during degradation of red lead in a Van Gogh painting			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English	Abbreviated Journal	Angew Chem Int Edit
	Volume	54	Issue	12	Pages	3607-3610
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Red lead, a semiconductor pigment used by artists since antiquity, is known to undergo several discoloration phenomena. These transformations are either described as darkening of the pigment caused by the formation of either plattnerite (β-PbO2) or galena (PbS) or as whitening by which red lead is converted into anglesite (PbSO4) or (hydro)cerussite (2 PbCO3⋅Pb(OH)2; PbCO3). X-ray powder diffraction tomography, a powerful analytical method that allows visualization of the internal distribution of different crystalline compounds in complex samples, was used to investigate a microscopic paint sample from a Van Gogh painting. A very rare lead mineral, plumbonacrite (3 PbCO3⋅ Pb(OH)2⋅PbO), was revealed to be present. This is the first reported occurrence of this compound in a painting dating from before the mid 20th century. It constitutes the missing link between on the one hand the photoinduced reduction of red lead and on the other hand (hydro)cerussite, and thus sheds new light on the whitening of red lead.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000351178300008	Publication Date	2015-02-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1433-7851; 0570-0833	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	11.994	Times cited	24	Open Access
	Notes	; The authors acknowledge L. Van der Loeff and M. Leeuwestein (Kroller-Muller Museum) for providing the paint sample. We thank Dr. J. Jaroszewicz (WUT) for performing the CT measurements. This research was carried out at the light source PETRA III at DESY, a member of the Helmholtz Association (HGF). We thank Dr. G. Falkenberg and the members of his team for their assistance in using beam line P06. We acknowledge financial support from the University of Antwerp GOA projects “XANES meets EELS” and “SOLARPaint”, as well as from BELSPO (Brussels) Project S2-ART and FWO (Brussels) project “ESRF-Dubble”. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 11.994; 2015 IF: 11.261
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:124620			Serial	5774
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Benito, P.; de Nolf, W.; Nuyts, G.; Janssens, K.; et al.
	Title	Role of coating-metallic support interaction in the properties of electrosynthesized Rh-based structured catalysts			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	ACS catalysis	Abbreviated Journal	Acs Catal
	Volume	4	Issue	10	Pages	3779-3790
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Rh-structured catalysts for the catalytic partial oxidation of CH4 to syngas were prepared by electrosynthesis of Rh-containing hydrotalcite-type (HT) compounds on FeCrAlloy foams followed by calcination at 900 degrees C. During the calcination the simultaneous decomposition of the layered HT structure and formation of the protective FeCrAlloy outer shell in alumina occurred. Here, we studied the role of the coating-metallic support interaction in the properties of the catalysts after calcination, H-2 reduction, and catalytic tests, by a combination of electron (FEG-SEM/EDS) and synchrotron X-ray (XRF/XRPD and XRF/XANES) microscopic techniques. The characterization of crystalline phases in the metallic support and coating and distribution of Rh active species was carried out on several samples prepared by modifying the Rh content in the electrolytic solution (Rh/Mg/Al = 11.0/70.0/19.0, 5.0/70.0/25.0, 0/70.0/30.0 atomic ratio). A sample was also prepared with no aluminum in the electrolytic solution (Rh/Mg/Al = 13.6/86.4/0.0 atomic ratio) and calcined at 550 and 900 degrees C. The interaction between the elements of the metallic support and the catalytic coating increased the film adhesion during the thermal treatment and catalytic tests and modified the catalyst crystalline phases. A chemical reaction between Al corning from the foam and Mg in the coating occurred during calcination at high temperature leading to the formation of spinel phases in which rhodium is solved, together with some Rh2O3 and Rh. The metallic support was oxidized forming the corundum scale and chromium oxides, moreover t-Al2O3 was identified. For the Rh11.0Mg70.0Al19.0 catalyst the inclusion of Rh in the spinel phase decreased its reducibility in the H-2 pretreatment. The reduction continued during catalytic tests by feeding diluted CH4/O-2/He gas mixtures, evidenced by the catalyst activation. While under concentrated gas mixtures the deactivation occurred, probably by oxidation.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000345735200053	Publication Date	2014-09-24
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2155-5435	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	10.614	Times cited	13	Open Access
	Notes	; The authors thank the scientists who assisted during the conducted experiments: D. Grolimund and C. N. Borca for the mu XRF/XRPD experiments performed at MicroXAS Beamline of SLS, M. Janousch for the mu XRF/XANES experiments at Phoenix Beamline of the SLS, M. Salome for the mu XRE/XANES experiments at ID21 Beamline of the ESRF, and I. Guerra for the FEG-SEM/EDS experiments at Granada University. Thanks must go to Porvair for supplying FeCrAlloy foams. The financial support from the Ministero per l'Istruzione, l'Universita e la Ricerca (MIUR, Roma, I) is gratefully acknowledged. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 10.614; 2014 IF: 9.312
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:122215			Serial	5820
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Basile, F.; Benito, P.; Bugani, S.; de Nolf, W.; Fornasari, G.; Janssens, K.; Morselli, L.; Scavetta, E.; Tonelli, D.; Vaccari, A.
	Title	Combined use of synchrotron-radiation-based imaging techniques for the characterization of structured catalysts			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2010	Publication	Advanced functional materials	Abbreviated Journal	Adv Funct Mater
	Volume	20	Issue	23	Pages	4117-4126
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Active-phase-coated metallic supports as structured catalysts are gaining attention in endothermic and exothermic processes because they improve heat transfer. The deposition of a well-adhered and stable catalyst layer on the metallic support constitutes an important feature for the successful application of the final material. In this work, coating of FeCrAlY foams is performed by a one-step electrosynthesis-deposition of hydrotalcite-type compounds, precursors of catalysts active in endothermic steam methane reforming. The catalysts are studied at different length scales by using, for the first time, a combination of several techniques: SEM/EDS and X-ray fluorescence, X-ray powder diffraction and absorption-tomography experiments on the micro- and nanoscales at a synchrotron facility. The results show that the morphology of the coating depends on the synthesis conditions and that the catalyst may be described as Ni metal crystallites dispersed on γ-Al2O3, homogeneously coating the FeCrAlY foam.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000285392900010	Publication Date	2010-09-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1616-301x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	12.124	Times cited	24	Open Access
	Notes	; The authors give thanks to Dr. Cloetens, for helping during the absorption tomography experiments, performed at ID19 of the ESRF; and P. Blauet and R. Toucolou, for helping during the mu-XRF/XRPD and nano-XRF experiments at ID22 and ID22-NI of the ESRF. The financial support from the Ministero per l'Istruzione, l'Universita e la Ricerca (MIUR, Roma, Italy) is gratefully acknowledged. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 12.124; 2010 IF: 8.508
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:85834			Serial	5525
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Hillen, M.; Legrand, S.; Dirkx, Y.; Janssens, K.; van der Snickt, G.; Caen, J.; Steenackers, G.
	Title	Cluster analysis of IR thermography data for differentiating glass types in historical leaded-glass windows			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Applied Sciences-Basel	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Sci-Basel
	Volume	10	Issue	12	Pages	4255-13
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Infrared thermography is a fast, non-destructive and contactless testing technique which is increasingly used in heritage science. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of infrared thermography, in combination with a data clustering approach, to differentiate between the different types of historical glass that were included in a colorless leaded-glass windows during previous restoration interventions. Inspection of the thermograms and the application of two data mining techniques on the thermal data, i.e., k-means clustering and hierarchical clustering, allowed identifying different groups of window panes that show a different thermal behavior. Both clustering approaches arrive at similar groupings of the glass with a clear separation of three types. However, the lead cames that hold the glass panes appear to have a substantial impact on the thermal behavior of the surrounding glass, thus preventing classification of the smallest glass panes. For the larger panes, this was not a critical issue as the center of the glass remained unaffected. Subtle visual color differences between panes, implying a variation in coloring metal ions, was not always distinguished by IRT. Nevertheless, data clustering assisted infrared thermography shows potential as an efficient and swift method for documenting the material intervention history of leaded-glass windows during or in preparation of conservation treatments.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000549351800001	Publication Date	2020-06-22
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2076-3417	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.7	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.7; 2020 IF: 1.679
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:170012			Serial	7674
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Koirala, B.; Rasti, B.; Bnoulkacem, Z.; de Lima Ribeiro, A.; Madriz, Y.; Herrmann, E.; Gestels, A.; De Kerf, T.; Lorenz, S.; Fuchs, M.; Janssens, K.; Steenackers, G.; Gloaguen, R.; Scheunders, P.
	Title	A multisensor hyperspectral benchmark dataset for unmixing of intimate mixtures			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2024	Publication	IEEE sensors journal	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	24	Issue	4	Pages	4694-4710
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Vision lab; Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS)
	Abstract	Optical hyperspectral cameras capture the spectral reflectance of materials. Since many materials behave as heterogeneous intimate mixtures with which each photon interacts differently, the relationship between spectral reflectance and material composition is very complex. Quantitative validation of spectral unmixing algorithms requires high-quality ground truth fractional abundance data, which are very difficult to obtain. In this work, we generated a comprehensive laboratory ground truth dataset of intimately mixed mineral powders. For this, five clay powders (Kaolin, Roof clay, Red clay, mixed clay, and Calcium hydroxide) were mixed homogeneously to prepare 325 samples of 60 binary, 150 ternary, 100 quaternary, and 15 quinary mixtures. Thirteen different hyperspectral sensors have been used to acquire the reflectance spectra of these mixtures in the visible, near, short, mid, and long-wavelength infrared regions (350-15385) nm. Overlaps in wavelength regions due to the operational ranges of each sensor and variations in acquisition conditions resulted in a large amount of spectral variability. Ground truth composition is given by construction, but to verify that the generated samples are sufficiently homogeneous, XRD and XRF elemental analysis is performed. We believe these data will be beneficial for validating advanced methods for nonlinear unmixing and material composition estimation, including studying spectral variability and training supervised unmixing approaches. The datasets can be downloaded from the following link: https://github.com/VisionlabHyperspectral/Multisensor_datasets.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	001173599400063	Publication Date	2023-12-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1530-437x; 1558-1748	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	4.3	Times cited		Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 4.3; 2024 IF: 2.512
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:203094			Serial	9059
Permanent link to this record



	Author	van der Snickt, G.; Dubois, H.; Sanyova, J.; Legrand, S.; Coudray, A.; Glaude, C.; Postec, M.; van Espen, P.; Janssens, K.
	Title	Large-area elemental imaging reveals Van Eyck's original paint layers on the Ghent altarpiece (1432), rescoping its conservation treatment			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English	Abbreviated Journal	Angew Chem Int Edit
	Volume	56	Issue	17	Pages	4797-4801
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	A combination of large-scale and micro-scale elemental imaging, yielding elemental distribution maps obtained by, respectively non-invasive macroscopic X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) and by secondary electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX) and synchrotron radiation-based micro-XRF (SR m-XRF) imaging was employed to reorient and optimize the conservation strategy of van Eyck's renowned Ghent Altarpiece. By exploiting the penetrative properties of X-rays together with the elemental specificity offered by XRF, it was possible to visualize the original paint layers by van Eyck hidden below the overpainted surface and to simultaneously assess their condition. The distribution of the high-energy Pb-L and Hg-L emission lines revealed the exact location of hidden paint losses, while Fe-K maps demonstrated how and where these lacunae were filled-up using an iron-containing material. The chemical maps nourished the scholarly debate on the overpaint removal with objective, chemical arguments, leading to the decision to remove all skillfully applied overpaints, hitherto interpreted as work by van Eyck. MA-XRF was also employed for monitoring the removal of the overpaint during the treatment phase. To gather complementary information on the in-depth layer build-up, SEM-EDX and SR mu-XRF imaging was used on paint cross sections to record microscale elemental maps.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000398576000019	Publication Date	2017-03-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1433-7851; 0570-0833	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	11.994	Times cited	11	Open Access
	Notes	; This research was supported by the Baillet Latour fund, the Belgian Science Policy Office (Projects MO/39/011) and the Gieskes-Strijbis fund. The authors are also indebted to the BOF-GOA SOLAR Paint project of the University of Antwerp Research Council. The church wardens of the cathedral of St. Bavo and their chairman L. Collin are acknowledged for this agreeable collaboration. We also wish to thank conservators L. Depuydt, B. De Volder, F. Rosier, N. Laquiere and G. Steyaert as well as the members of the international committee. We are indebted to Prof. Em. A. Van Grevenstein-Kruse. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 11.994
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:142376			Serial	5688
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kempenaers, L.; Janssens, K.; Vincze, L.; Vekemans, B.; Somogyi, A.; Drakopoulos, M.; Simionovici, A.S.; Adams, F.
	Title	A Monte Carlo model for studying the microheterogeneity of trace elements in reference materials by means of synchrotron microscopic X-ray fluorescence			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2002	Publication	Analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Anal Chem
	Volume	74	Issue	19	Pages	5017-5026
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000178418100031	Publication Date	2002-09-30
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-2700; 5206-882x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.32	Times cited	21	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 6.32; 2002 IF: 5.094
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:39871			Serial	5734
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Rossbach, L.M.; Brede, D.A.; Nuyts, G.; Cagno, S.; Olsson, R.M.S.; Oughton, D.H.; Falkenberg, G.; Janssens, K.; Lind, O.C.
	Title	Synchrotron XRF analysis identifies cerium accumulation colocalized with pharyngeal deformities in CeO₂ NP-exposed caenorhabditis elegans			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2022	Publication	Environmental science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	Environ Sci Technol
	Volume	56	Issue	8	Pages	5081-5089
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS)
	Abstract	A combination of synchrotron radiation-based elementalimaging, in vivo redox status analysis, histology, and toxic responses was usedto investigate the uptake, biodistribution, and adverse effects of Cenanoparticles (CeO2NP; 10 nm; 0.5-34.96 mg Ce L-1) or Ce(NO3)3(2.3-26 mg Ce L-1)inCaenorhabditis elegans. Elemental mapping of theexposed nematodes revealed Ce uptake in the alimentary canal prior todepuration. Retention of CeO2NPs was low compared to that of Ce(NO3)3in depurated individuals. X-rayfluorescence (XRF) mapping showed that Cetranslocation was confined to the pharyngeal valve and foregut. Ce(NO3)3exposure significantly decreased growth, fertility, and reproduction, causedslightly reduced fecundity. XRF mapping and histological analysis revealedsevere tissue deformities colocalized with retained Ce surrounding thepharyngeal valve. Both forms of Ce activated the sod-1 antioxidant defense,particularly in the pharynx, whereas no significant effects on the cellular redox balance were identified. The CeO2NP-induceddeformities did not appear to impair the pharyngeal function or feeding ability as growth effects were restricted to Ce(NO3)3exposure. The results demonstrate the utility of integrated submicron-resolution SR-based XRF elemental mapping of tissue-specificdistribution and adverse effect analysis to obtain robust toxicological evaluations of metal-containing contaminants.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000793137500039	Publication Date	2022-04-04
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0013-936x; 1520-5851	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	11.4	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 11.4
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:188662			Serial	7216
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Byrnes, I.; Rossbach, L.M.; Brede, D.A.; Grolimund, D.; Sanchez, D.F.; Nuyts, G.; Cuba, V.; Reinoso-Maset, E.; Salbu, B.; Janssens, K.; Oughton, D.; Scheibener, S.; Teien, H.-C.; Lind, O.C.
	Title	Synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence imaging elucidates uranium toxicokinetics in Daphnia magna			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	ACS nano	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	17	Issue	6	Pages	5296-5305
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS)
	Abstract	A combination of synchrotron-based elemental anal-ysis and acute toxicity tests was used to investigate the biodistribution and adverse effects in Daphnia magna exposed to uranium nanoparticle (UNP, 3-5 nm) suspensions or to uranium reference (Uref) solutions. Speciation analysis revealed similar size distributions between exposures, and toxicity tests showed com-parable acute effects (UNP LC50: 402 mu g L-1 [336-484], Uref LC50: 268 mu g L-1 [229-315]). However, the uranium body burden was 3 -to 5-fold greater in UNP-exposed daphnids, and analysis of survival as a function of body burden revealed a similar to 5-fold higher specific toxicity from the Uref exposure. High-resolution X-ray fluorescence elemental maps of intact, whole daphnids from sublethal, acute exposures of both treatments revealed high uranium accumulation onto the gills (epipodites) as well as within the hepatic ceca and the intestinal lumen. Uranium uptake into the hemolymph circulatory system was inferred from signals observed in organs such as the heart and the maxillary gland. The substantial uptake in the maxillary gland and the associated nephridium suggests that these organs play a role in uranium removal from the hemolymph and subsequent excretion. Uranium was also observed associated with the embryos and the remnants of the chorion, suggesting uptake in the offspring. The identification of target organs and tissues is of major importance to the understanding of uranium and UNP toxicity and exposure characterization that should ultimately contribute to reducing uncertainties in related environmental impact and risk assessments.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000960129800001	Publication Date	2023-03-15
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1936-0851	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	17.1	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 17.1; 2023 IF: 13.942
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:196061			Serial	8631
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Tadić, M.; Peeters, F.M.; Janssens, K.L.; Korkusinski, M.; Hawrylak, P.
	Title	Strain and band edges in single and coupled cylindrical InAs/GaAs and InP/InGaP self-assembled quantum dots			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2002	Publication	Journal of applied physics	Abbreviated Journal	J Appl Phys
	Volume	92	Issue	10	Pages	5819-5829
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	A comparative study is made of the strain distribution in cylindrical InAs/GaAs and InP/InGaP self-assembled quantum dots as obtained from isotropic elasticity theory, the anisotropic continuum mechanical model, and from atomistic calculations. For the isotropic case, the recently proposed approach [J. H. Davies, J. Appl. Phys. 84, 1358 (1998)] is used, while the finite-element method, the valence force field method, and Stillinger-Weber potentials are employed to calculate the strain in anisotropic structures. We found that all four methods result in strain distributions of similar shapes, but with notable quantitative differences inside the dot and near the disk-matrix boundary. The variations of the diagonal strains with the height of the quantum dot, with fixed radius, as calculated from all models, are almost linear. Furthermore, the energies of the band edges in the two types of quantum dots are extracted from the multiband effective-mass theory by inserting the strain distributions as obtained by the four models. We demonstrated that all strain models produce effective potentials for the heavy and light holes which agree very well inside the dot. A negligible anisotropy of all normal strains in the (x,y) plane is found, which, providing the axial symmetry of the kinetic part of the multiband effective-mass Hamiltonian, justifies the use of the axial approximation. Strain propagation along the vertical direction is also considered with the aim to study the influence of strain on the electron coupling in stacks of quantum dots. We found that the interaction between the strain fields of the individual quantum dots makes the effective quantum wells for the electrons in the conduction band shallower, thereby counteracting the quantum mechanical coupling. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Institute of Physics	Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000178987200036	Publication Date	2002-11-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0021-8979;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.068	Times cited	73	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.068; 2002 IF: 2.281
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:103327			Serial	3164
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Koirala, B.; Rasti, B.; Bnoulkacem, Z.; De Lima Ribeiro, A.; Madriz, Y.; Herrmann, E.; Gestels, A.; De Kerf, T.; Janssens, K.; Steenackers, G.; Gloaguen, R.; Scheunders, P.
	Title	An extensive multisensor hyperspectral benchmark datasets of intimate mixtures of mineral powders			Type	P1 Proceeding
	Year	2023	Publication	IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium proceedings T2 – IGARSS 2023 – 2023 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 16-21 July 2023, Pasadena, CA, USA	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	5890-5893 T2 - IGARSS 2023 - 2023 IEEE Internation
	Keywords	P1 Proceeding; Economics; Vision lab; Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS)
	Abstract	Since many materials behave as heterogeneous intimate mixtures with which each photon interacts differently, the relationship between spectral reflectance and material composition is very complex. Quantitative validation of spectral unmixing algorithms requires high-quality ground truth fractional abundance data, which are very difficult to obtain.In this work, we generated a comprehensive hyperspectral dataset of intimate mineral powder mixtures by homogeneously mixing five different clay powders (Kaolin, Roof clay, Red clay, mixed clay, and Calcium hydroxide). In total 325 samples were prepared. Among the 325 samples, 60 mixtures were binary, 150 were ternary, 100 were quaternary, and 15 were quinary. For each mixture (and pure clay powder), reflectance spectra are acquired by 13 different sensors, with a broad wavelength range between the visible and the long-wavelength infrared regions (i.e., between 350 nm and 15385 nm) and with a large variation in sensor types, platforms, and acquisition conditions. We will make this dataset public, to be used by the community for the validation of nonlinear unmixing methodologies (https://github.com/VisionlabUA/Multisensor_datasets)
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	001098971606002	Publication Date	2023-10-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	979-83-503-2010-7	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:201596			Serial	9035
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Avranovich Clerici, E.; De Meyer, S.; Vanmeert, F.; Legrand, S.; Monico, L.; Miliani, C.; Janssens, K.
	Title	Multi-scale X-ray imaging of the pigment discoloration processes triggered by chlorine compounds in the Upper Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	Molecules: a journal of synthetic chemistry and natural product chemistry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	28	Issue	16	Pages	6106-6123
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS)
	Abstract	In this paper, the chromatic alteration of various types of paints, present on mural painting fragments derived from the vaults of The Upper Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi in Italy (12th-13th century), is studied using synchrotron radiation. Six painted mural fragments, several square centimeters in size, were available for analysis, originating from the ceiling paintings attributed to Cimabue and Giotto; they correspond to originally white, blue/green, and brown/yellow/orange areas showing discoloration. As well as collecting macroscopic X-ray fluorescence and diffraction maps from the entire fragments in the laboratory and at the SOLEIL synchrotron, corresponding paint cross-sections were also analyzed using microscopic X-ray fluorescence and powder diffraction mapping at the PETRA-III synchrotron. Numerous secondary products were observed on the painted surfaces, such as (a) copper tri-hydroxychloride in green/blue areas; (b) corderoite and calomel in vermillion red/cinnabar-rich paints; (c) plattnerite and/or scrutinyite assumed to be oxidation products of (hydro)cerussite (2PbCO(3)center dot Pb(OH)(2)) in the white areas, and (d) the calcium oxalates whewellite and weddellite. An extensive presence of chlorinated metal salts points to the central role of chlorine-containing compounds during the degradation of the 800-year-old paint, leading to, among other things, the formation of the rare mineral cumengeite (21PbCl(2)center dot 20Cu(OH) (2) center dot 6H(2)O).
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	001056388600001	Publication Date	2023-08-17
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1420-3049	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	4.6	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 4.6; 2023 IF: 2.861
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:199265			Serial	8902
Permanent link to this record