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Author | Uytdenhouwen, Y.; Bal, Km.; Michielsen, I.; Neyts, Ec.; Meynen, V.; Cool, P.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | How process parameters and packing materials tune chemical equilibrium and kinetics in plasma-based CO2 conversion | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2019 | Publication | Chemical engineering journal | Abbreviated Journal | Chem Eng J |
Volume | 372 | Issue | Pages | 1253-1264 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Plasma (catalysis) reactors are increasingly being used for gas-based chemical conversions, providing an alternative method of energy delivery to the molecules. In this work we explore whether classical concepts such as equilibrium constants, (overall) rate coefficients, and catalysis exist under plasma conditions. We specifically investigate the existence of a so-called partial chemical equilibrium (PCE), and how process parameters and packing properties influence this equilibrium, as well as the overall apparent rate coefficient, for CO2 splitting in a DBD plasma reactor. The results show that a PCE can be reached, and that the position of the equilibrium, in combination with the rate coefficient, greatly depends on the reactor parameters and operating conditions (i.e., power, pressure, and gap size). A higher power, higher pressure, or smaller gap size enhance both the equilibrium constant and the rate coefficient, although they cannot be independently tuned. Inserting a packing material (non-porous SiO2 and ZrO2 spheres) in the reactor reveals interesting gap/material effects, where the type of material dictates the position of the equilibrium and the rate (inhibition) independently. As a result, no apparent synergistic effect or plasma-catalytic behaviour was observed for the non-porous packing materials studied in this reaction. Within the investigated parameters, equilibrium conversions were obtained between 23 and 71%, while the rate coefficient varied between 0.027 s−1 and 0.17 s−1. This method of analysis can provide a more fundamental insight in the overall reaction kinetics of (catalytic) plasma-based gas conversion, in order to be able to distinguish plasma effects from true catalytic enhancement. |
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Language | Wos | 000471670400116 | Publication Date | 2019-05-08 | |
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ISSN | 1385-8947 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 6.216 | Times cited | 3 | Open Access | Not_Open_Access: Available from 05.05.2021 |
Notes | European Fund for Regional Development; FWOFWO, G.0254.14N ; University of Antwerp; FWO-FlandersFWO-Flanders, 11V8915N ; The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Fund for Regional Development through the cross-border collaborative Interreg V program Flanders-the Netherlands (project EnOp), the Fund for Scientific Research (FWO; Grant Number: G.0254.14N), a TOP-BOF project and an IOF-SBO (SynCO2Chem) project from the University of Antwerp. K. M. B. was funded as a PhD fellow (aspirant) of the FWOFlanders (Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders), Grant 11V8915N. | Approved | Most recent IF: 6.216 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @UA @ admin @ c:irua:159979 | Serial | 5171 | ||
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Author | Asapu, R.; Claes, N.; Ciocarlan, R.-G.; Minjauw, M.; Detavernier, C.; Cool, P.; Bals, S.; Verbruggen, S.W. | ||||
Title | Electron Transfer and Near-Field Mechanisms in Plasmonic Gold-Nanoparticle-Modified TiO2Photocatalytic Systems | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2019 | Publication | ACS applied nano materials | Abbreviated Journal | ACS Appl. Nano Mater. |
Volume | 2 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 4067-4074 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) | ||||
Abstract | The major mechanism responsible for plasmonic enhancement of titanium dioxide photocatalysis using gold nanoparticles is still under contention. This work introduces an experimental strategy to disentangle the significance of the charge transfer and near-field mechanisms in plasmonic photocatalysis. By controlling the thickness and conductive nature of a nanoparticle shell that acts as a spacer layer separating the plasmonic metal core from the TiO2 surface, field enhancement or charge transfer effects can be selectively repressed or evoked. Layer-by-layer and in situ polymerization methods are used to synthesize gold core–polymer shell nanoparticles with shell thickness control up to the sub-nanometer level. Detailed optical and electrical characterization supported by near-field simulation models corroborate the trends in photocatalytic activity of the different systems. This approach mainly points at an important contribution of the enhanced near field. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000477917700006 | Publication Date | 2019-05-31 | |
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ISSN | 2574-0970 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | Times cited | 32 | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
Notes | This work was supported by Research Foundation Flanders (FWO). P.C. and R-G.C. acknowledge financial support from FWO (Project No. G038215N). N.C. and S.B. acknowledge financial support from the European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant No. 335078-COLOURATOM). | Approved | Most recent IF: NA | ||
Call Number | EMAT @ emat @UA @ admin @ c:irua:160579 | Serial | 5184 | ||
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Author | Ciocarlan, R.-G.; Seftel, E.M.; Gavrila, R.; Suchea, M.; Batuk, M.; Mertens, M.; Hadermann, J.; Cool, P. | ||||
Title | Spinel nanoparticles on stick-like Freudenbergite nanocomposites as effective smart-removal photocatalysts for the degradation of organic pollutants under visible light | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Journal Of Alloys And Compounds | Abbreviated Journal | J Alloy Compd |
Volume | 820 | Issue | Pages | 153403 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA) | ||||
Abstract | A series of mixed nanocomposite materials was synthetized, containing a Ferrite phase type Zn1-xNixFe2O4 and a Freudenbergite phase type Na2Fe2Ti6O16, where x = 0; 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 0.8; 1. The choice for this combination is based on the good adsorption properties of Freudenbergite for dye molecules, and the small bandgap energy of Ferrite spinel, allowing activation of the catalysts under visible light irradiation. A two steps synthesis protocol was used to obtain the smart-removal nanocomposites. Firstly, the spinel structure was obtained via the co-precipitation route followed by the addition of the Ti-source and formation of the Freudenbergite system. The role of cations on the formation mechanism and an interesting interchange of cations between spinel and Freudenbergite structures was clarified by a TEM study. Part of the Ti4+ penetrated the spinel structure and, at the same time, part of the Fe3+ formed the Freudenbergite system. The photocatalytic activity was studied under visible light, reaching for the best catalysts a 67% and 40% mineralization degree for methylene blue and rhodamine 6G respectively, after 6 h of irradiation. In the same conditions, the well-known commercial P25 (Degussa) managed to mineralize only 12% and 3% of methylene blue and rhodamine 6G, respectively. Due to the remarkable magnetic properties of Ferrites, a convenient recovery and reuse of the catalysts is possible after the photocatalytic tests. Based on the excellent catalytic performance of the nanocomposites under visible light and their ease of separation out of the solution after the catalytic reaction, the newly developed composite catalysts are considered very effective for wastewater treatment. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000507854700130 | Publication Date | 2019-12-15 | |
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ISSN | 0925-8388 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 6.2 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
Notes | The authors acknowledge the FWO-Flanders (project nr. G038215N) for financial support. | Approved | Most recent IF: 6.2; 2020 IF: 3.133 | ||
Call Number | EMAT @ emat @c:irua:166447 | Serial | 6342 | ||
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Author | Uytdenhouwen, Y.; Meynen, V.; Cool, P.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | The Potential Use of Core-Shell Structured Spheres in a Packed-Bed DBD Plasma Reactor for CO2 Conversion | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Catalysts | Abbreviated Journal | Catalysts |
Volume | 10 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 530 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | This work proposes to use core-shell structured spheres to evaluate whether it allows to individually optimize bulk and surface effects of a packing material, in order to optimize conversion and energy efficiency. Different core-shell materials have been prepared by spray coating, using dense spheres (as core) and powders (as shell) of SiO2, Al2O3, and BaTiO3. The materials are investigated for their performance in CO2 dissociation and compared against a benchmark consisting of a packed-bed reactor with the pure dense spheres, as well as an empty reactor. The results in terms of CO2 conversion and energy efficiency show various interactions between the core and shell material, depending on their combination. Al2O3 was found as the best core material under the applied conditions here, followed by BaTiO3 and SiO2, in agreement with their behaviour for the pure spheres. Applying a thin shell layer on the cores showed equal performance between the different shell materials. Increasing the layer thickness shifts this behaviour, and strong combination effects were observed depending on the specific material. Therefore, this method of core-shell spheres has the potential to allow tuning of the packing properties more closely to the application by designing an optimal combination of core and shell. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000546007000092 | Publication Date | 2020-05-11 | |
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ISSN | 2073-4344 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.9 | Times cited | Open Access | ||
Notes | Interreg, Project EnOp ; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, G.0254.14N ; Universiteit Antwerpen, Project SynCO2Chem ; We want to thank Jasper Lefevre (VITO) for assistance in the development of the coating suspension for the core-shell spheres. | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.9; 2020 IF: 3.082 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:169222 | Serial | 6364 | ||
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Author | Uytdenhouwen, Y.; Hereijgers, J.; Breugelmans, T.; Cool, P.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | How gas flow design can influence the performance of a DBD plasma reactor for dry reforming of methane | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Chemical Engineering Journal | Abbreviated Journal | Chem Eng J |
Volume | 405 | Issue | Pages | 126618 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT) | ||||
Abstract | DBD plasma reactors are commonly used in a static ‘one inlet – one outlet’ design that goes against reactor design principles for multi-component reactions, such as dry reforming of methane (DRM). Therefore, in this paper we have developed a novel reactor design, and investigated how the shape and size of the reaction zone, as well as gradual gas addition, and the method of mixing CO2 and CH4 can influence the conversion and product com position of DRM. Even in the standard ‘one inlet – one outlet’ design, the direction of the gas flow (i.e. short or long path through the reactor, which defines the gas velocity at fixed residence time), as well as the dimensions of the reaction zone and the power delivery to the reactor, largely affect the performance. Using gradual gas addition and separate plasma activation zones for the individual gases give increased conversions within the same operational parameters, by optimising mixing ratios and kinetics. The choice of the main (pre-activated) gas and the direction of gas flow largely affect the conversion and energy cost, while the gas inlet position during separate addition only influences the product distribution. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000626511800005 | Publication Date | 2020-08-12 | |
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ISSN | 1385-8947 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 6.216 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
Notes | Interreg; Flanders; FWO; University of Antwerp; The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Fund for Regional Development through the cross-border collaborative Interreg V program Flanders-the Netherlands (project EnOp), the Fund 13 for Scientific Research (FWO; grant number: G.0254.14N), and an IOFSBO (SynCO2Chem) project from the University of Antwerp. | Approved | Most recent IF: 6.216 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:170609 | Serial | 6410 | ||
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Author | Uytdenhouwen, Y.; Bal, Km.; Neyts, Ec.; Meynen, V.; Cool, P.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | On the kinetics and equilibria of plasma-based dry reforming of methane | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Chemical Engineering Journal | Abbreviated Journal | Chem Eng J |
Volume | 405 | Issue | Pages | 126630 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Plasma reactors are interesting for gas-based chemical conversion but the fundamental relation between the plasma chemistry and selected conditions remains poorly understood. Apparent kinetic parameters for the loss and formation processes of individual components of gas conversion processes, can however be extracted by performing experiments in an extended residence time range (2–75 s) and fitting the gas composition to a firstorder kinetic model of the evolution towards partial chemical equilibrium (PCE). We specifically investigated the differences in kinetic characteristics and PCE state of the CO2 dissociation and CH4 reforming reactions in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor (DBD), how these are mutually affected when combining both gases in the dry reforming of methane (DRM) reaction, and how they change when a packing material (non-porous SiO2) is added to the reactor. We find that CO2 dissociation is characterized by a comparatively high reaction rate of 0.120 s−1 compared to CH4 reforming at 0.041 s−1; whereas CH4 reforming reaches higher equilibrium conversions, 82% compared to 53.6% for CO2 dissociation. Combining both feed gases makes the DRM reaction to proceed at a relatively high rate (0.088 s−1), and high conversion (75.4%) compared to CO2 dissociation, through accessing new chemical pathways between the products of CO2 and CH4. The addition of the packing material can also distinctly influence the conversion rate and position of the equilibrium, but its precise effect depends strongly on the gas composition. Comparing different CO2:CH4 ratios reveals the delicate balance of the combined chemistry. CO2 drives the loss reactions in DRM, whereas CH4 in the mixture suppresses back reactions. As a result, our methodology provides some of the insight necessary to systematically tune the conversion process. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000621197700003 | Publication Date | 2020-08-12 | |
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ISSN | 1385-8947 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 6.216 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
Notes | The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Fund for Regional Development through the cross-border collaborative Interreg V program Flanders-the Netherlands (project EnOp), the Fund for Scientific Research (FWO; grant number: G.0254.14N), a TOP-BOF project and an IOF-SBO (SynCO2Chem) project from the University of Antwerp. | Approved | Most recent IF: 6.216 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:172458 | Serial | 6411 | ||
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Author | Blommaerts, N.; Hoeven, N.; Arenas Esteban, D.; Campos, R.; Mertens, M.; Borah, R.; Glisenti, A.; De Wael, K.; Bals, S.; Lenaerts, S.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Cool, P. | ||||
Title | Tuning the turnover frequency and selectivity of photocatalytic CO2 reduction to CO and methane using platinum and palladium nanoparticles on Ti-Beta zeolites | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Chemical Engineering Journal | Abbreviated Journal | Chem Eng J |
Volume | 410 | Issue | Pages | 128234 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL); Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) | ||||
Abstract | A Ti-Beta zeolite was used in gas phase photocatalytic CO2 reduction to reduce the charge recombination rate and increase the surface area compared to P25 as commercial benchmark, reaching 607 m2 g-1. By adding Pt nanoparticles, the selectivity can be tuned toward CO, reaching a value of 92% and a turnover frequency (TOF) of 96 µmol.gcat-1.h-1, nearly an order of magnitude higher in comparison with P25. By adding Pd nanoparticles the selectivity can be shifted from CO (70% for a bare Ti-Beta zeolite), toward CH4 as the prevalent species (60%). In this way, the selectivity toward CO or CH4 can be tuned by either using Pt or Pd. The TOF values obtained in this work outperform reported state-of-the-art values in similar research. The improved activity by adding the nanoparticles was attributed to an improved charge separation efficiency, together with a plasmonic contribution of the metal nanoparticles under the applied experimental conditions. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000623394200004 | Publication Date | 2021-01-09 | |
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ISSN | 1385-8947 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 6.216 | Times cited | 15 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
Notes | N.B., S.L., S.W.V. and P.C. wish to thank the Flemish government and Catalisti for financial support and coordination in terms of a sprint SBO in the context of the moonshot project D2M. N.H. thanks the Flanders Innovation and Entrepreneurship (VLAIO) for the financial support. The Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE) group, R. Blust, University of Antwerp is acknowledged for the ICP-MS measurements. | Approved | Most recent IF: 6.216 | ||
Call Number | EMAT @ emat @c:irua:174591 | Serial | 6662 | ||
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Author | Van Everbroeck, T.; Wu, J.; Arenas-Esteban, D.; Ciocarlan, R.-G.; Mertens, M.; Bals, S.; Dujardin, C.; Granger, P.; Seftel, E.M.; Cool, P. | ||||
Title | ZnAl layered double hydroxide based catalysts (with Cu, Mn, Ti) used as noble metal-free three-way catalysts | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2022 | Publication | Applied clay science | Abbreviated Journal | Appl Clay Sci |
Volume | 217 | Issue | Pages | 106390 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA) | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000795870100004 | Publication Date | 2022-01-02 | |
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ISSN | 0169-1317 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 5.6 | Times cited | 6 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
Notes | The authors acknowledge financial support by theEuropean Union’s Horizon 2020 Project Partial-PGMs (H2020-NMP-686086). R-G C. and P.C. acknowledge the FWO-Flanders (project no. G038215N) for financial support. S⋅B and D.A.E thank the financial support of the European Research Council (ERC-CoG-2019 815128). The authors are grateful to Johnson Matthey, UK, for supplying the commercial benchmark catalysts; realnano; sygmaSB | Approved | Most recent IF: 5.6 | ||
Call Number | EMAT @ emat @c:irua:186956 | Serial | 6955 | ||
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Author | De Meyer, R.; Gorbanev, Y.; Ciocarlan, R.-G.; Cool, P.; Bals, S.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Importance of plasma discharge characteristics in plasma catalysis: Dry reforming of methane vs. ammonia synthesis | Type | A1 Journal Article | ||
Year | 2024 | Publication | Chemical Engineering Journal | Abbreviated Journal | Chemical Engineering Journal |
Volume | 488 | Issue | Pages | 150838 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal Article; Gas conversion Dry reforming of methane Ammonia Microdischarges Dielectric barrier discharge; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ; | ||||
Abstract | Plasma catalysis is a rapidly growing field, often employing a packed-bed dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor. Such dielectric barrier discharges are complex, especially when a packing material (e.g., a catalyst) is introduced in the discharge volume. Catalysts are known to affect the plasma discharge, though the underlying mechanisms influencing the plasma physics are not fully understood. Moreover, the effect of the catalysts on the plasma discharge and its subsequent effect on the overall performance is often overlooked. In this work, we deliberately design and synthesize catalysts to affect the plasma discharge in different ways. These Ni or Co alumina-based catalysts are used in plasma-catalytic dry reforming of methane and ammonia synthesis. Our work shows that introducing a metal to the dielectric packing can affect the plasma discharge, and that the distribution of the metal is crucial in this regard. Further, the altered discharge can greatly influence the overall performance. In an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge reactor, this apparently more uniform plasma yields a significantly better performance for ammonia synthesis compared to the more conventional filamentary discharge, while it underperforms in dry reforming of methane. This study stresses the importance of analyzing the plasma discharge in plasma catalysis experiments. We hope this work encourages a more critical view on the plasma discharge characteristics when studying various catalysts in a plasma reactor. | ||||
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Language | Wos | Publication Date | 2024-03-30 | ||
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ISSN | 1385-8947 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record | |
Impact Factor | 15.1 | Times cited | Open Access | ||
Notes | This research was supported through long-term structural funding (Methusalem FFB15001C) and by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme with grant agreement No 810182 (SCOPE ERC Synergy project) and with grant agreement No 815128 (REALNANO). We acknowledge the practical contribution of Senne Van Doorslaer. | Approved | Most recent IF: 15.1; 2024 IF: 6.216 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:205154 | Serial | 9115 | ||
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