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Author Wang, J.T.W.; Cabana, L.; Bourgognon, M.; Kafa, H.; Protti, A.; Venner, K.; Shah, A.M.; Sosabowski, J.K.; Mather, S.J.; Roig, A.; Ke, X.; Van Tendeloo, G.; de Rosales, R.T.M.; Tobias, G.; Al-Jamal, K.T.
  Title Magnetically decorated multiwalled carbon nanotubes as dual MRI and SPECT contrast agents Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Advanced functional materials Abbreviated Journal Adv Funct Mater
  Volume 24 Issue 13 Pages 1880-1894
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
  Abstract Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are one of the most promising nanomaterials to be used in biomedicine for drug/gene delivery as well as biomedical imaging. This study develops radio-labeled, iron oxide-decorated multiwalled CNTs (MWNTs) as dual magnetic resonance (MR) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) contrast agents. Hybrids containing different amounts of iron oxide are synthesized by in situ generation. Physicochemical characterisations reveal the presence of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) granted the magnetic properties of the hybrids. Further comprehensive examinations including high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), fast Fourier transform simulations, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy assure the conformation of prepared SPION as γ-Fe2O3. High r2 relaxivities are obtained in both phantom and in vivo MRI compared to the clinically approved SPION Endorem. The hybrids are successfully radio labeled with technetium-99m through a functionalized bisphosphonate and enable SPECT/CT imaging and γ-scintigraphy to quantitatively analyze the biodistribution in mice. No abnormality is found by histological examination and the presence of SPION and MWNT are identified by Perls stain and Neutral Red stain, respectively. TEM images of liver and spleen tissues show the co-localization of SPION and MWNTs within the same intracellular vesicles, indicating the in vivo stability of the hybrids after intravenous injection. The results demonstrate the capability of the present SPIONMWNT hybrids as dual MRI and SPECT contrast agents for in vivo use.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Weinheim Editor
  Language Wos 000333674100007 Publication Date 2013-11-19
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 1616-301X; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor 12.124 Times cited 50 Open Access
  Notes Countatoms; Fp7; Esteem2; esteem2_ta Approved Most recent IF: 12.124; 2014 IF: 11.805
  Call Number (down) UA @ lucian @ c:irua:111589 Serial 1891
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Martinez, G.T.; Rosenauer, A.; de Backer, A.; Verbeeck, J.; Van Aert, S.
  Title Quantitative composition determination at the atomic level using model-based high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy
  Volume 137 Issue Pages 12-19
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
  Abstract High angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF STEM) images provide sample information which is sensitive to the chemical composition. The image intensities indeed scale with the mean atomic number Z. To some extent, chemically different atomic column types can therefore be visually distinguished. However, in order to quantify the atomic column composition with high accuracy and precision, model-based methods are necessary. Therefore, an empirical incoherent parametric imaging model can be used of which the unknown parameters are determined using statistical parameter estimation theory (Van Aert et al., 2009, [1]). In this paper, it will be shown how this method can be combined with frozen lattice multislice simulations in order to evolve from a relative toward an absolute quantification of the composition of single atomic columns with mixed atom types. Furthermore, the validity of the model assumptions are explored and discussed.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor
  Language Wos 000331092200003 Publication Date 2013-11-09
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 74 Open Access
  Notes FWO; FP7; ERC Countatoms; ESTEEM2; esteem2_ta Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2014 IF: 2.436
  Call Number (down) UA @ lucian @ c:irua:111579UA @ admin @ c:irua:111579 Serial 2749
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Author Geukens, I.; Vermoortele, F.; Meledina, M.; Turner, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.; De Vos, D.E.
  Title Ag nanoparticles on mixed Al2O3-Ga2O3 supports as catalysts for the N-alkylation of amines with alcohols Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Applied catalysis : A : general Abbreviated Journal Appl Catal A-Gen
  Volume 469 Issue Pages 373-379
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
  Abstract The combination of AgNO3 with NaH results in Ag nanoparticles that can selectively perform alcohol aminations under mild reaction conditions (110 °C). NaH not only serves as a reducing agent for the Ag salt, but also activates the alcohol for dehydrogenation to the corresponding ketone/aldehyde. The stability of the particles can be improved by immobilizing them onto mixed Al2O3Ga2O3 supports; the combination of Ga and Al provides materials with stronger Lewis acidic sites compared to pure alumina or gallium oxide supports. This leads to catalysts with enhanced activities, without the necessity of adding external Lewis acids. Detailed TEM characterization also reveals a close interaction between the Ag NPs and the gallium oxide phase. The obtained catalysts are recyclable and show activity for the alcohol amination using a variety of aliphatic and aromatic amines under mild conditions.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor
  Language Wos 000329266500045 Publication Date 2013-10-10
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 0926-860X; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor 4.339 Times cited 24 Open Access
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 4.339; 2014 IF: 3.942
  Call Number (down) UA @ lucian @ c:irua:111095 Serial 83
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Author Schattschneider, P.; Löffler, S.; Stöger-Pollach, M.; Verbeeck, J.
  Title Is magnetic chiral dichroism feasible with electron vortices? Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy
  Volume 136 Issue Pages 81-85
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
  Abstract We discuss the feasibility of detecting magnetic transitions with focused electron vortex probes, suggested by selection rules for the magnetic quantum number. We theoretically estimate the dichroic signal strength in the L2,3 edge of ferromagnetic d metals. It is shown that under realistic conditions, the dichroic signal is undetectable for nanoparticles larger than View the MathML source. This is confirmed by a key experiment with nanometer-sized vortices.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor
  Language Wos 000327884700011 Publication Date 2013-07-26
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 64 Open Access
  Notes Countatoms; Vortex; Esteem2; esteem2jra3 ECASJO; Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2014 IF: 2.436
  Call Number (down) UA @ lucian @ c:irua:110952UA @ admin @ c:irua:110952 Serial 1750
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Author Roose, D.; Leroux, F.; De Vocht, N.; Guglielmetti, C.; Pintelon, I.; Adriaensen, D.; Ponsaerts, P.; Van der Linden, A.; Bals, S.
  Title Multimodal imaging of micron-sized iron oxide particles following in vitro and in vivo uptake by stem cells: down to the nanometer scale Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging Abbreviated Journal Contrast Media Mol I
  Volume 9 Issue 6 Pages 400-408
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT);
  Abstract In this study, the interaction between cells and micron-sized paramagnetic iron oxide (MPIO) particles was investigated by characterizing MPIO in their original state, and after cellular uptake in vitro as well as in vivo. Moreover, MPIO in the olfactory bulb were studied 9 months after injection. Using various imaging techniques, cell-MPIO interactions were investigated with increasing spatial resolution. Live cell confocal microscopy demonstrated that MPIO co-localize with lysosomes after in vitro cellular uptake. In more detail, a membrane surrounding the MPIO was observed by high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). Following MPIO uptake in vivo, the same cell-MPIO interaction was observed by HAADF-STEM in the subventricular zone at 1 week and in the olfactory bulb at 9 months after MPIO injection. These findings provide proof for the current hypothesis that MPIO are internalized by the cell through endocytosis. The results also show MPIO are not biodegradable, even after 9 months in the brain. Moreover, they show the possibility of HAADF-STEM generating information on the labeled cell as well as on the MPIO. In summary, the methodology presented here provides a systematic route to investigate the interaction between cells and nanoparticles from the micrometer level down to the nanometer level and beyond.
  Address EMAT, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language English Wos 000346172100002 Publication Date 2014-04-22
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 1555-4309; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor 3.307 Times cited 8 Open Access Not_Open_Access
  Notes IAP-PAI; 262348 ESMI; Hercules Type 1: AUHA 09/001 and AUHA 11/01 Approved Most recent IF: 3.307; 2014 IF: 2.923
  Call Number (down) UA @ lucian @ Serial 3938
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Author Janssens, K.; Alfeld, M.; Van der Snickt, G.; De Nolf, W.; Vanmeert, F.; Monico, L.; Legrand, S.; Dik, J.; Cotte, M.; Falkenberg, G.; van der Loeff, L.; Leeuwestein, M.; Hendriks, E.
  Title Examination of Vincent van Gogh's paintings and pigments by means of state-of-the-art analytical methods Type H2 Book chapter
  Year 2014 Publication Abbreviated Journal
  Volume Issue Pages 373-403 T2 - Science and art : the painted surface
  Keywords H2 Book chapter; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
  Abstract Recent studies in which X-ray beams of macroscopic to (sub) microscopic dimensions were used for non-destructive analysis and characterization of pigments, paint micro samples and/or entire paintings by Vincent van Gogh are concisely reviewed. The overview presented encompasses the use of laboratory and synchrotron radiation-based instrumentation and deals with the use of several variants of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) as a method of elemental analysis and imaging as well as with the combined use of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Microscopic and macroscopic XRF are variants of the method that are well suited to visualize the elemental distribution of key elements, mostly metals, present in paint multi layers, either on the length scale from 1–100 μm inside micro samples taken from paintings or on the 1–100 cm length scale when the (subsurface) distribution of specific pigments in entire paintings is concerned. In the context of the characterization of van Gogh's pigments subject to natural degradation, the use of methods limited to elemental analysis or imaging usually is not sufficient to elucidate the chemical transformations that have taken place. However, at synchrotron facilities, combinations of μ-XRF with related methods such as μ-XAS and μ-XRD have proven themselves to be very suitable for such studies. Their use is often combined with microscopic Fourier transform infra-red (μ-FTIR) spectroscopy since this method delivers complementary information at more or less the same length scale as the X-ray microprobe techniques. Also in the context of macroscopic imaging of works of art, the complementary use of X-ray based and infra-red based imaging appears very promising; some recent developments are discussed.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos Publication Date 2020-02-24
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN ISBN 978-1-84973-818-7 Additional Links UA library record
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
  Notes Approved no
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:190782 Serial 7943
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Gielis, J.; Verhulst, R.; Caratelli, D.; Ricci, P.E.; Tavkhelidze, I.
  Title On means, polynomials and special functions Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication The teaching of mathematics Abbreviated Journal
  Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 1-20
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Educational sciences; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
  Abstract
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos Publication Date
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 1451-4966; 2406-1077 ISBN Additional Links UA library record
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
  Notes Approved no
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:128660 Serial 8327
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Kuppens, T.; Van Dael, M.; Vanreppelen, K.; Carleer, R.; Yperman, J.; Schreurs, S.; Van Passel, S.
  Title Techno-economic assessment of pyrolysis char production and application : a review Type P1 Proceeding
  Year 2014 Publication Abbreviated Journal
  Volume Issue Pages 67-72
  Keywords P1 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology
  Abstract Many organic residue streams such as pig manure are not or inefficiently used, although they can be converted into valuable materials, as well as energy, using pyrolysis. The yield of the pyrolysis products (i.e. oil, gas and char) is dependent on the process conditions and the feedstock used. Char as a soil amendment or activated carbon are interesting options for valorization of biomass residues. Here, a review is presented of the techno-economic potential of both valorization options based on literature and own experiments with wood from phytoremediation, particle board and waste from beer production. The term “biochar” is specifically used to designate pyrolysis char that is intentionally applied to soil in order to enhance its structure and fertility. Biochar applications are often also motivated by the objective of climate change mitigation. Two main disadvantages for the economic feasibility of biochar applications have been discerned. Firstly, carbon sequestration in agricultural crops and soils is not yet eligible under the Clean Development Mechanism. Secondly, the impact of biochar on crop productivity is unclear. Activated carbon (AC) seems to have interesting adsorption characteristics resulting in potentially high sales prices. A preliminary techno-economic assessment showed that AC production is preferred above oil production for wood from phytoremediation as long as the market price of 2 kEUR.t(-1) for commercially available ACs can be attained. Whenever a feedstock with high nitrogen content is available (e.g. particle board with melamine urea formaldehyde resin), even higher market prices might be attained. This study shows that valorization of the pyrolysis char might be an answer to the slow adoption of pyrolysis in commercial applications. Focus in research and development, for instance in future research with regard to pig manure valorization, should therefore be on sustainable products with high economic value and direct utilization potential.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos 000346540000012 Publication Date
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title International Conference on BioMass (iconBM 2014), 4-7 May 2014, Florence, Italy / Ranzi, Eliseo [edit.]; et al.
  Series Volume 37 Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 978-88-95608-28-0 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor Times cited 8 Open Access
  Notes ; ; Approved Most recent IF: NA
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:127547 Serial 6265
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Kuppens, T.; Van Dael, M.; Maggen, J.; Vanreppelen, K.; Yperman, J.; Carleer, R.; Elen, H.; Van Passel, S.
  Title Techno-economic assessment of different conversion pathways for pyrolysis char from pig manure Type P1 Proceeding
  Year 2014 Publication Abbreviated Journal
  Volume Issue Pages 901-911
  Keywords P1 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology
  Abstract The amount of animal manure that can be brought back to agricultural land is limited by legislation. Because pig manure is available in too large quantities in some areas, we investigate the techno-economic feasibility of converting it into valuable products. First, slurry is separated in water, a thick fraction and a fertilizer concentrate poor in phosphate. Then, the thick fraction is dried and pyrolyzed. Our goal is to identify the optimal pyrolysis and activation conditions for the production of biochar or activated carbon. The latter has interesting adsorption characteristics due to the presence of nitrogen. It can also be used as a soil amendment as it improves biomass quantity and quality. On top, it immobilizes toxic elements and stores carbon in the soil. Char thus has many interesting characteristics and can be valued in different ways. The economic feasibility has been explored by a first techno-economic modelling iteration. The critical factors influencing the feasibility are identified by Monte Carlo simulations for further improvement of the process design.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos Publication Date
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title 22nd European Biomass Conference and Exhibition : Setting the Course for a Biobased Economy, 23-26 June 2014, Hamburg, Germany : conference proceedings
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
  Notes ; ; Approved Most recent IF: NA
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:127546 Serial 6263
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Maes, D.; Van Passel, S.
  Title Advantages and limitations of exergy indicators to assess sustainability of bioenergy and biobased materials Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Environmental Impact Assessment Review Abbreviated Journal Environ Impact Asses
  Volume 45 Issue Pages 19-29
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM)
  Abstract Innovative bioenergy projects show a growing diversity in biomass pathways, transformation technologies and end-products, leading to complex new processes. Existing energy-based indicators are not designed to include multiple impacts and are too constrained to assess the sustainability of these processes. Alternatively, indicators based on exergy, a measure of “qualitative energy”, could allow a more holistic view. Exergy is increasingly applied in analyses of both technical and biological processes. But sustainability assessments including exergy calculations, are not very common and are not generally applicable to all types of impact. Hence it is important to frame the use of exergy for inclusion in a sustainability assessment. This paper reviews the potentials and the limitations of exergy calculations, and presents solutions for coherent aggregation with other metrics. The resulting approach is illustrated in a case study. Within the context of sustainability assessment of bioenergy, exergy is a suitable metric for the impacts that require an ecocentric interpretation, and it allows aggregation on a physical basis. The use of exergy is limited to a measurement of material and energy exchanges with the sun, biosphere and lithosphere. Exchanges involving services or human choices are to be measured in different metrics. This combination provides a more inclusive and objective sustainability assessment, especially compared to standard energy- or carbon-based indicators. Future applications of this approach in different situations are required to clarify the potential of exergy-based indicators in a sustainability context. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos 000331924600003 Publication Date 2013-12-05
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 0195-9255 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor 3.094 Times cited 18 Open Access
  Notes ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 3.094; 2014 IF: 2.400
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:127545 Serial 6147
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Vanschoenwinkel, J.; Lizin, S.; Swinnen, G.; Azadi, H.; Van Passel, S.
  Title Solar cooking in Senegalese villages : an application of best-worst scaling Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Energy Policy Abbreviated Journal Energ Policy
  Volume 67 Issue Pages 447-458
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Sociology; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM)
  Abstract Dissemination programs of nontraditional cookstoves often fail. Nontraditional cookstoves aim to solve problems associated with biomass fuel usage in developing countries. Recent studies do not explain what drives user's cookstove choice. This study therefore builds a holistic framework that centralizes product-specific preferences or needs. The case study identifies product-specific factors that influence rural Senegalese inhabitants to switch to solar cooking, using best worst scaling. Looking at the preferences, the case study classified 126 respondents, in three distinct market segments with different solar cooking expectations. The paper identifies socio-demographic characteristics that explain these differences in the respondents' preferences. Finally, the respondent sample is divided in two groups: solar cooker owners and non-owners. When studied with regard to the same issue, solar cooker owners appear to value benefits of the solar cooker lower than non-owners. This is due to program factors (such as formations, after-sales network) and miscommunication (such as a wrong image of the solar cooker) that highly influenced the respondents' cookstove choice. As a conclusion, solar cookers and solar cooking programs are not always adapted to the needs and requirements of the end-users. Needs-oriented and end-user adopted strategies are necessary in order to successfully implement nontraditional cookstoves programs. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos 000332815300043 Publication Date 2014-01-08
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 0301-4215; 1873-6777 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor 4.14 Times cited 10 Open Access
  Notes ; The authors thank the VLIR-UOS for their financial support and the Sol Suffit Program for their co-operation during the research. ; Approved Most recent IF: 4.14; 2014 IF: 2.575
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:127544 Serial 6251
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Author De Schepper, E.; Van Passel, S.; Lizin, S.; Achten, W.M.J.; Van Acker, K.
  Title Cost-efficient emission abatement of energy and transportation technologies : mitigation costs and policy impacts for Belgium Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Clean Technologies And Environmental Policy Abbreviated Journal Clean Technol Envir
  Volume 16 Issue 6 Pages 1107-1118
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM)
  Abstract In the light of global warming, this paper develops a framework to compare energy and transportation technologies in terms of cost-efficient GHG emission reduction. We conduct a simultaneous assessment of economic and environmental performances through life cycle costing and life cycle assessment. To calculate the GHG mitigation cost, we create reference systems within the base scenario. Further, we extend the concept of the mitigation cost, allowing (i) comparision of technologies given a limited investment resource, and (ii) evaluation of the direct impact of policy measures by means of the subsidized mitigation cost. The framework is illustrated with a case of solar photovoltaics (PV), grid powered battery electric vehicles (BEVs), and solar powered BEVs for a Belgian small and medium sized enterprise. The study's conclusions are that the mitigation cost of solar PV is high, even though this is a mature technology. The emerging mass produced BEVs on the other hand are found to have a large potential for cost-efficient GHG mitigation as indicated by their low cost of mitigation. Finally, based on the subsidized mitigation cost, we conclude that the current financial stimuli for all three investigated technologies are excessive when compared to the CO2 market value under the EU Emission Trading Scheme.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos 000339874900010 Publication Date 2014-02-12
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 1618-954x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor 3.331 Times cited 14 Open Access
  Notes ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 3.331; 2014 IF: 1.934
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:127543 Serial 6175
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Hoogmartens, R.; Van Passel, S.; Van Acker, K.; Dubois, M.
  Title Bridging the gap between LCA, LCC and CBA as sustainability assessment tools Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Environmental Impact Assessment Review Abbreviated Journal Environ Impact Asses
  Volume 48 Issue Pages 27-33
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering Management (ENM)
  Abstract Increasing interest in sustainability has led to the development of sustainability assessment tools such as Life Cycle Analysis (LCA), Life Cycle Costing (LCC) and Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA). Due to methodological disparity of these three tools, conflicting assessment results generate confusion for many policy and business decisions. In order to interpret and integrate assessment results, the paper provides a framework that clarifies the connections and coherence between the included assessment methodologies. Building on this framework, the paper further focuses on key aspects to adapt any of the methodologies to full sustainability assessments. Aspects dealt with in the review are for example the reported metrics, the scope, data requirements, discounting, product- or project-related and approaches with respect to scarcity and labor requirements. In addition to these key aspects, the review shows that important connections exist: (i) the three tools can cope with social inequality, (ii) processes such as valuation techniques for LCC and CBA are common, (iii) Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is used as input in both LCA and CBA and (iv) LCA can be used in parallel with LCC. Furthermore, the most integrated sustainability approach combines elements of LCA and LCC to achieve the Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA). The key aspects and the connections referred to in the review are illustrated with a case study on the treatment of end-of-life automotive glass. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos 000340141900004 Publication Date 2014-05-23
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 0195-9255 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor 3.094 Times cited 93 Open Access
  Notes ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 3.094; 2014 IF: 2.400
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:127542 Serial 6163
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Van Dael, M.; Marquez, N.; Reumerman, P.; Pelkmans, L.; Kuppens, T.; Van Passel, S.
  Title Development and techno-economic evaluation of a biorefinery based on biomass (waste) streams : case study in the Netherlands Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Biofuels Bioproducts & Biorefining-Biofpr Abbreviated Journal Biofuel Bioprod Bior
  Volume 8 Issue 5 Pages 635-644
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM)
  Abstract In this paper, the technical and economic advantages of combining conversion technologies into a multi-dimensional plant primarily using regional biomass residues are investigated. The main objective is to show how locally available biomass can be used more efficiently as a source for renewable energy and bio-based products. Therefore, not only is the theoretical perspective considered, but also a reality check for the local situation is taken into account. Although industrial attitude toward biorefineries is positive, the efficient production of a portfolio of bio-based products has not yet been implemented. A biorefinery concept for Moerdijk (the Netherlands) was developed, focusing on grass refining, production of pyrolysis oil, biodiesel production, and bio-LNG production. Grass refining is the most experimental technique of all proposed conversion techniques. In terms of development, pyrolysis oil and bio-LNG production are in the demonstration phase. Anaerobic digestion and biodiesel production are proven techniques. It is shown that this concept allows for synergies with regard to the utilization of residue flows from internal processes. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that by integrating different conversion technologies, an economically feasible concept can be developed in which technologies, currently residing in a demonstration phase, can also be brought to the market. (c) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos 000342662200015 Publication Date 2013-11-20
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 1932-104x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor 3.694 Times cited 18 Open Access
  Notes ; We would like to thank the editor and the anonymous referees for their helpful suggestions and insightful comments that have significantly improved the paper. The Energy Conversion Parks (ECP) project is funded by the Interreg IVa – Flanders-Netherlands program from the European Fund for Regional Development that stimulates cross-border projects. Also the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs, the Flemish Government, the Provinces of Noord-Brabant (NL), Zeeland (NL), Limburg (BE) and the partners (VITO, Avans University of Applied Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Hasselt University, and Zeeland University of Applied Sciences) themselves are co-financing the project. We also would like to express our gratitude toward the organization of the 2nd Iberoamerican Congress on Biorefineries in Jaen (Spain) for giving us the opportunity to present and thereby fine-tune our work. ; Approved Most recent IF: 3.694; 2014 IF: 4.214
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:127541 Serial 6180
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Meul, M.; Van Middelaar, C.E.; de Boer, I.J.M.; Van Passel, S.; Fremaut, D.; Haesaert, G.
  Title Potential of life cycle assessment to support environmental decision making at commercial dairy farms Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Agricultural Systems Abbreviated Journal Agr Syst
  Volume 131 Issue Pages 105-115
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering Management (ENM)
  Abstract In this paper, we evaluate the potential of life cycle assessment (LCA) to support environmental decision making at commercial dairy farms. To achieve this, we follow a four-step method that allows converting environmental assessment results using LCA into case-specific advice for farmers. This is illustrated in a case-study involving 20 specialized Flemish dairy farms. Calculated LCA indicators are normalized into scores between 0 and 100, whereby a score of 100 is assumed optimal, to allow for a mutual comparison of indicators for different environmental impact categories. Next, major farm and management characteristics affecting environmental performance are identified using multiple regression and correlation analyses. Finally, comparing specific farm and management characteristics with those of best performing farms identifies farm-specific optimization strategies. We conclude that this approach complies with most of the identified critical success factors for the successful implementation of LCA as a decision support system for farmers. Key aspects herein are (i) the flexibility and accessibility of the model, (ii) the use of readily available farm data, (iii) farm advisors being intended model users, (iv) the identification of key farm and management characteristics affecting environmental performance and (v) the organization of discussion sessions involving farmers and farm advisors. However, attention should be paid (i) to provide sufficient training and guidance for farm advisors on the use of the applied LCA model and the interpretation of results, (ii) to evaluate the correctness of the used data and (iii) to keep the model up-to-date according to new scientific insights and knowledge concerning LCA methodology. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos 000343955300011 Publication Date 2014-09-15
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 0308-521x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor 2.571 Times cited 25 Open Access
  Notes ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 2.571; 2014 IF: 2.906
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:127540 Serial 6238
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Van Grieken, R.
  Title Air pollution and preventive conservation in some European museums Type P1 Proceeding
  Year 2014 Publication Abbreviated Journal
  Volume Issue Pages 19-26 T2 - Science, Technology and Cultural Herita
  Keywords P1 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
  Abstract
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos Publication Date
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 978-1-138-02744-2 ISBN Additional Links UA library record
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
  Notes Approved no
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:126671 Serial 7430
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Lobovikov-Katz, A.; Moropoulou, A.; Konstanti, A.; Ortiz Calderon, P.; Van Grieken, R.; Worth, S.; Cassar, J.A.; De Angelis, R.; Biscontin, G.; Izzo, F.C.
  Title Tangible versus intangible in e-learning on cultural heritage : from online learning to on-site study of historic sites Type P1 Proceeding
  Year 2014 Publication Lecture notes in computer science T2 – 5th EuroMed International Conference, NOV 03-08, 2014, Amathus, CYPRUS Abbreviated Journal
  Volume 8740 Issue Pages 819-828
  Keywords P1 Proceeding; Documentation and information; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
  Abstract The revolutionary development in digital theory and technology calls for non-trivial decisions in bridging between the virtual and real worlds. The field of conservation of cultural heritage thus provides various challenges, especially with regards to learning, study and investigation of tangible heritage through applications of intangible ICT technologies. This paper examines the interaction between e-learning, and the actual on-site learning and study of historic buildings and sites, with an emphasis on their visual characteristics. In this context, the paper presents some aspects of application of a methodology which allows basic documentation, monitoring and primary analysis of data on cultural (built) heritage sites by general public through educational process enabled by an e-learning platform.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos 000354774500084 Publication Date 2014-11-14
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 978-3-319-13694-3; 978-3-319-13695-0; 978-3-319-13694-3; 0302-9743; 1611-3349 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
  Notes Approved no
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:126395 Serial 8641
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Cosyns, P.; Cagno, S.; Janssens, K.; Nys, K.
  Title Un verre méditerranéen pour la production de bracelets laténiens en Europe septentrionale : résultats danalyses SEM-EDX et LA-ICP-MS de bracelets en verre La Tène tardive de Odijk, Tiel et Geldermalseren-Hondsgemet Type A3 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Bulletin AFAV Abbreviated Journal
  Volume Issue Pages 13-19
  Keywords A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
  Abstract
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos Publication Date
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN ISBN Additional Links UA library record
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:124631 Serial 5884
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Legrand, S.; Vanmeert, F.; van der Snickt, G.; Alfeld, M.; de Nolf, W.; Dik, J.; Janssens, K.
  Title Examination of historical paintings by state-of-the-art hyperspectral imaging methods : from scanning infra-red spectroscopy to computed X-ray laminography Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Heritage science Abbreviated Journal
  Volume 2 Issue Pages 13-11
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
  Abstract The development of advanced methods for non-destructive selective imaging of painted works of art at the macroscopic level based on radiation in the X-ray and infrared range of the electromagnetic spectrum are concisely reviewed. Such methods allow to either record depth-selective, element-selective or species-selective images of entire paintings. Camera-based full field methods (that record the image data in parallel) can be discerned next to scanning methods (that build up distributions in a sequential manner by scanning a beam of radiation over the surface of an artefact). Six methods are discussed: on the one hand, macroscopic X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction imaging and X-ray laminography and on the other hand macroscopic Mid and Near Infrared hyper- and full spectral imaging and Optical Coherence Tomography. These methods can be considered to be improved versions of the well-established imaging methods employed worldwide for examination of paintings, i.e., X-ray radiography and Infrared reflectography. Possibilities and limitations of these new imaging techniques are outlined.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos Publication Date 2014-05-30
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 2050-7445 ISBN Additional Links UA library record
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:124629 Serial 5619
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Van de Voorde, L.; Vandevijvere, M.; Vekemans, B.; Van Pevenage, J.; Caen, J.; Vandenabeele, P.; van Espen, P.; Vincze, L.
  Title Study of a unique 16th century Antwerp majolica floor in the Rameyenhof castle's chapel by means of X-ray fluorescence and portable Raman analytical instrumentation Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy Abbreviated Journal
  Volume 102 Issue Pages 28-35
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
  Abstract The most unique and only known 16th century Antwerp majolica tile floor in Belgium is situated in a tower of the Rameyenhof castle (Gestel, Belgium). This exceptional work of art has recently been investigated in situ by using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Raman spectroscopy in order to study the material characteristics. This study reports on the result of the analyses based on the novel combination of non-destructive and portable instrumentation, including a handheld XRF spectrometer for obtaining elemental information and a mobile Raman spectrometer for retrieving structural and molecular information on the floor tiles in the Rameyenhof castle and on a second, similar medallion, which is stored in the Rubens House museum in Antwerp (Belgium). The investigated material, majolica, is a type of ceramic, which fascinated many people and potters throughout history by its beauty and colourful appearance. In this study the characteristic major/minor and trace element signature of 16th century Antwerp majolica is determined and the pigments used for the colourful paintings present on the floor are identified. Furthermore, based on the elemental fingerprint of the white glaze, and in particular on the presence of zinc in the tiles – an element that was not used for making 16th century majolica – valuable information about the originality of the chapel floor and the two central medallions is acquired. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos 000347604100005 Publication Date 2014-10-25
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 0584-8547; 1873-3565 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
  Notes Approved no
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:123850 Serial 8592
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Van Hoey, S.; Seuntjens, P.; van der Kwast, J.; Nopens, I.
  Title A qualitative model structure sensitivity analysis method to support model selection Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Journal of hydrology Abbreviated Journal
  Volume 519 Issue D Pages 3426-3435
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
  Abstract The selection and identification of a suitable hydrological model structure is a more challenging task than fitting parameters of a fixed model structure to reproduce a measured hydrograph. The suitable model structure is highly dependent on various criteria, i.e. the modeling objective, the characteristics and the scale of the system under investigation and the available data. Flexible environments for model building are available, but need to be assisted by proper diagnostic tools for model structure selection. This paper introduces a qualitative method for model component sensitivity analysis. Traditionally, model sensitivity is evaluated for model parameters. In this paper, the concept is translated into an evaluation of model structure sensitivity. Similarly to the one-factor-at-a-time (OAT) methods for parameter sensitivity, this method varies the model structure components one at a time and evaluates the change in sensitivity towards the output variables. As such, the effect of model component variations can be evaluated towards different objective functions or output variables. The methodology is presented for a simple lumped hydrological model environment, introducing different possible model building variations. By comparing the effect of changes in model structure for different model objectives, model selection can be better evaluated. Based on the presented component sensitivity analysis of a case study, some suggestions with regard to model selection are formulated for the system under study: (1) a non-linear storage component is recommended, since it ensures more sensitive (identifiable) parameters for this component and less parameter interaction; (2) interflow is mainly important for the low flow criteria; (3) excess infiltration process is most influencing when focussing on the lower flows; (4) a more simple routing component is advisable; and (5) baseflow parameters have in general low sensitivity values, except for the low flow criteria. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos 000347589600057 Publication Date 2014-10-08
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 0022-1694 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
  Notes Approved no
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:123809 Serial 7395
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Monico, L.; Janssens, K.; Hendriks, E.; Brunetti, B.G.; Miliani, C.
  Title Raman study of different crystalline forms of PbCrO4 and PbCr1-xSxO4 solid solutions for the noninvasive identification of chrome yellows in paintings : a focus on works by Vincent van Gogh Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Journal of Raman spectroscopy Abbreviated Journal J Raman Spectrosc
  Volume 45 Issue 11-12 Pages 1034-1045
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
  Abstract Chrome yellows, a class of pigments frequently used by painters of the Impressionism and Post-impressionism period, are known for their different chemical stability; the latter depends on the chemical composition (PbCrO4, PbCr1-xSxO4) and crystalline structure (monoclinic or orthorhombic) of the material. The possibility to distinguish among different forms of this pigment is therefore relevant in order to extend knowledge on the corresponding degradation process that is observed on several original paintings. For this purpose, three paintings conserved at the Van Gogh Museum (Amsterdam) were analyzed using noninvasive Raman spectroscopy, while equivalent investigations employing bench-top instrumentation were performed to obtain information from micro-samples originating from these works of art. In each painting, the chrome yellow was identified either as monoclinic PbCrO4 or in the form of monoclinic PbCr1-xSxO4 (x<0.25) or S-rich orthorhombic PbCr1-xSxO4 (x similar to 0.5). Our ability to make this fairly subtle distinction is based on a Raman study of several oil paint model samples made up of monoclinic and/or orthorhombic crystalline forms of PbCrO4 and PbCr1-xSxO4 (0.1x0.8). These paints were studied using several excitation wavelengths (namely 785.0, 532.0, 514.5, and 488nm). Because of the absence of the resonance Raman effect, which strongly enhances the chromate symmetric stretching band, and the absence of any laser-induced photodecomposition, it is advantageous to acquire data at 785.0nm. The band-shape and the position of the chromate bending modes proved to be more sensitive to the solid solution composition and crystalline structure than the stretching modes and can be used as distinctive spectral markers to discriminate among the different chrome yellow forms that are present. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos 000346912700008 Publication Date 2014-07-17
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 0377-0486 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor 2.969 Times cited 34 Open Access
  Notes ; This research was supported by Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme – Belgian Science Policy (S2-ART project S4DA) and also presents results from GOA 'XANES meets ELNES' (Research Fund University of Antwerp, Belgium), FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects no. G.0704.08 and G.01769.09. Support from the Italian projects PRIN (SICH Sustainability in Cultural Heritage: from diagnosis to the development of innovative system for consolidation, cleaning and protection) and PON (ITACHA Italian advanced technologies for cultural heritage applications) is also acknowledged. The analysis of the paintings Sunflowers gone to seed, Bank of the Seine, and Portrait of Gauguin was performed within the mobile laboratory access activity of the FP7 programme CHARISMA supported by EC (Grant Agreement 228330). LM acknowledges the Italian National Research Council (CNR) for the financial support in the framework of the Short Term Mobility Programme 2013. Thanks are expressed to Muriel Geldof, Cultural Heritage Agency of The Netherlands, for selecting and sharing the information on the cross-sections and to the staff of the Van Gogh Museum for the agreeable cooperation. ; Approved Most recent IF: 2.969; 2014 IF: 2.671
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:122841 Serial 5798
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Matuszewski, K.; Matysiak, H.; Jaroszewicz, J.; de Nolf, W.; Kubiak, K.; Kurzydlowski, K.J.
  Title Influence of Bridgman process conditions on microstructure and porosity of single crystal Ni-base superalloy CMSX-4 Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication International journal of cast metals research Abbreviated Journal
  Volume 27 Issue 6 Pages 329-335
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
  Abstract Synchrotron radiation micro-X-ray fluorescence and micro-X-ray diffraction analysis, micro-computed tomography and transmission electron microscopy were used to investigate the microstructure of turbine blades made of a second generation nickel based superalloy CMSX-4 manufactured by investment casting process via Bridgman technique. The dependence of microstructure on process parameters, among others, on the withdrawal rate was analysed. The results set the stage for optimising the microstructure of the blades in terms of their mechanical properties.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos 000346143500002 Publication Date 2014-04-14
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 1364-0461 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
  Notes Approved no
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:122745 Serial 8089
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Van der Stighelen, K.; Janssens, K.; van der Snickt, G.; Alfeld, M.; Van Beneden, B.; Demarsin, B.; Proesmans, M.; Marchal, G.; Dik, J.
  Title Young Anthony van Dyck revisited : a multidisciplinary approach to a portrait once attributed to Peter Paul Rubens Type A3 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Art matters : international journal for technical art history Abbreviated Journal
  Volume 6 Issue Pages 21-35
  Keywords A3 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
  Abstract Part of the collection of the Rubens House in Antwerp is a portrait of young Anthony van Dyck, alternatively attributed to Peter Paul Rubens and his pupil Anthony van Dyck. In order to reconstruct the genesis of the portrait in a manner that improves upon past investigations, a number of high-end technological methods, such as X-radiography, X-ray computer tomography, mammographic tomosynthesis and macroscopic X-ray fluorescence, have been employed to render the overpainted layers visible again. The results of the interdisciplinary examinations of the portrait of the youthful Van Dyck are impressive. The combined results allow the later additions to be peeled away until the original composition can be reached. Several pentimenti are easily discernible and refer to a rather immature hand that makes the authorship of Peter Paul Rubens very unlikely. What emerges is a portrait of an ambitious young man with a luxuriant head of hair and a slightly turned-up collar. The hat and cape were added later. The facial features are more recognisable and the execution of the bold curls points irrefutably in the direction of Anthony van Dyck as the author of his own portrait.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos Publication Date
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN ISBN Additional Links UA library record
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:122562 Serial 5922
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Hoeks, C.; Azadi, H.; Khachak, P.R.; Troyo-Dieguez, E.; Van Passel, S.; Witlox, F.
  Title Reforming land-tenure systems in South Africa : routes to socio-economic and agricultural sustainability Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Development policy review Abbreviated Journal
  Volume 32 Issue 6 Pages 647-674
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Economics; Law
  Abstract Given the historical development of land tenure in South Africa, the aim of this article is to examine the best routes to alleviate poverty and retain sustainable agriculture in the country. First, a theoretical framework is presented that relates land tenure to sustainability, and three historical periods (pre-colonial, colonial, and apartheid) are then considered to explain the changes in land tenure and their consequences. The progress and main limitations of post-apartheid land reform to approach agricultural sustainability and alleviate poverty are discussed. Based on the analysis, different possibilities for future land reform are elaborated, followed by some recommendations for future land-reform policies in South Africa.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos 000342755600001 Publication Date 2014-09-29
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor Times cited 3 Open Access
  Notes ; ; Approved Most recent IF: NA
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:122509 Serial 6241
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Benito, P.; de Nolf, W.; Nuyts, G.; Janssens, K.; et al.
  Title Role of coating-metallic support interaction in the properties of electrosynthesized Rh-based structured catalysts Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication ACS catalysis Abbreviated Journal Acs Catal
  Volume 4 Issue 10 Pages 3779-3790
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
  Abstract Rh-structured catalysts for the catalytic partial oxidation of CH4 to syngas were prepared by electrosynthesis of Rh-containing hydrotalcite-type (HT) compounds on FeCrAlloy foams followed by calcination at 900 degrees C. During the calcination the simultaneous decomposition of the layered HT structure and formation of the protective FeCrAlloy outer shell in alumina occurred. Here, we studied the role of the coating-metallic support interaction in the properties of the catalysts after calcination, H-2 reduction, and catalytic tests, by a combination of electron (FEG-SEM/EDS) and synchrotron X-ray (XRF/XRPD and XRF/XANES) microscopic techniques. The characterization of crystalline phases in the metallic support and coating and distribution of Rh active species was carried out on several samples prepared by modifying the Rh content in the electrolytic solution (Rh/Mg/Al = 11.0/70.0/19.0, 5.0/70.0/25.0, 0/70.0/30.0 atomic ratio). A sample was also prepared with no aluminum in the electrolytic solution (Rh/Mg/Al = 13.6/86.4/0.0 atomic ratio) and calcined at 550 and 900 degrees C. The interaction between the elements of the metallic support and the catalytic coating increased the film adhesion during the thermal treatment and catalytic tests and modified the catalyst crystalline phases. A chemical reaction between Al corning from the foam and Mg in the coating occurred during calcination at high temperature leading to the formation of spinel phases in which rhodium is solved, together with some Rh2O3 and Rh. The metallic support was oxidized forming the corundum scale and chromium oxides, moreover t-Al2O3 was identified. For the Rh11.0Mg70.0Al19.0 catalyst the inclusion of Rh in the spinel phase decreased its reducibility in the H-2 pretreatment. The reduction continued during catalytic tests by feeding diluted CH4/O-2/He gas mixtures, evidenced by the catalyst activation. While under concentrated gas mixtures the deactivation occurred, probably by oxidation.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos 000345735200053 Publication Date 2014-09-24
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 2155-5435 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor 10.614 Times cited 13 Open Access
  Notes ; The authors thank the scientists who assisted during the conducted experiments: D. Grolimund and C. N. Borca for the mu XRF/XRPD experiments performed at MicroXAS Beamline of SLS, M. Janousch for the mu XRF/XANES experiments at Phoenix Beamline of the SLS, M. Salome for the mu XRE/XANES experiments at ID21 Beamline of the ESRF, and I. Guerra for the FEG-SEM/EDS experiments at Granada University. Thanks must go to Porvair for supplying FeCrAlloy foams. The financial support from the Ministero per l'Istruzione, l'Universita e la Ricerca (MIUR, Roma, I) is gratefully acknowledged. ; Approved Most recent IF: 10.614; 2014 IF: 9.312
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:122215 Serial 5820
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Author Monico, L.; Janssens, K.; Vanmeert, F.; Cotte, M.; Brunetti, B.G.; van der Snickt, G.; Leeuwestein, M.; Plisson, J.S.; Menu, M.; Miliani, C.
  Title Degradation process of lead chromate in paintings by Vincent van Gogh studied by means of spectromicroscopic methods : part 5 : effects of nonoriginal surface coatings into the nature and distribution of chromium and sulfur species in chrome yellow paints Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal Anal Chem
  Volume 86 Issue 21 Pages 10804-10811
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
  Abstract The darkening of lead chromate yellow pigments, caused by a reduction of the chromate ions to Cr(III) compounds, is known to affect the appearance of several paintings by Vincent van Gogh. In previous papers of this series, we demonstrated that the darkening is activated by light and depends on the chemical composition and crystalline structure of the pigments. In this work, the results of Part 2 are extended and complemented with a new study aimed at deepening the knowledge of the nature and distribution of Cr and S species at the interface between the chrome yellow paint and the nonoriginal coating layer. For this purpose, three microsamples from two varnished paintings by Van Gogh and a waxed low relief by Gauguin (all originally uncoated) have been examined. Because nonoriginal coatings are often present in artwork by Van Gogh and contemporaries, the understanding of whether or not their application has influenced the morphological and/or physicochemical properties of the chrome yellow paint underneath is relevant in view of the conservation of these masterpieces. In all the samples studied, microscopic X-ray fluorescence (mu-XRF) and X-ray absorption near edge structure (mu-XANES) investigations showed that Cr(III)-based alteration products are present in the form of grains inside the coating (generally enriched of S species) and also homogeneously widespread at the paint surface. The distribution of Cr(III) species may be explained by the mechanical friction caused by the coating application by brush that picked up and redistributed the superficial Cr compounds, likely already present in the reduced state as result of the photodegradation process. The analysis of the XANES profiles allowed us to obtain new insights into the nature of the Cr(III) alteration products, that were identified as sulfate-, oxide-, organo-metal-, and chloride-based compounds. Building upon the knowledge acquired through the examination of original paint samples and from the investigation of aged model paints in the last Part 4 paper, in this study we aim to characterize a possible relation between the chemical composition of the coating and the chrome yellow degradation pathways by studying photochemically aged model samples covered with a dammar varnish contaminated with sulfide and sulfate salts. Cr speciation results did not show any evidence of the active role of the varnish and added S species on the reduction process of chrome yellows.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos 000344510200043 Publication Date 2014-10-10
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 0003-2700; 5206-882x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor 6.32 Times cited 25 Open Access
  Notes ; This research was supported by the Italian projects PRIN (SICH) and PON (ITACHA). The text also presents results from Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme Belgian Science Policy (S2-ART project S4DA), GOA “XANES meets ELNES” (Research Fund University of Antwerp, Belgium) and FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects no. G.0704.08 and G.01769.09. ESRF is acknowledged for the grants received (experiments EC-799 and EC-1051). L.M. acknowledges the CNR for the financial support received in the framework of the Short Term Mobility Programme 2013. Thanks are expressed to Ella Hendriks (Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam) and Muriel Geldof (Cultural Heritage Agency of The Netherlands) for selecting and sharing the information on the cross-section taken from Bank of the Seine. All the staff of the Van Gogh Museum, the Kroller-Muller Museum, and the Musee d'Orsay are acknowledged for the agreeable cooperation. ; Approved Most recent IF: 6.32; 2014 IF: 5.636
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:122100 Serial 5570
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Author Van Eynde, E.; Lenaerts, B.; Tytgat, T.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Hauchecorne, B.; Blust, R.; Lenaerts, S.
  Title Effect of pretreatment and temperature on the properties of Pinnularia biosilica frustules Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication RSC advances Abbreviated Journal Rsc Adv
  Volume 4 Issue Pages 56200-56206
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
  Abstract Diatoms are unicellular microalgae that self-assemble an intricate porous silica cell wall, called frustule. Diatom frustules possess a unique combination of physical and chemical properties (chemical inertness, high mechanical strength, large surface area, low density, good porosity and highly ordered features on the nano-to-micro scale) making diatom frustules suited for many nanotechnological applications. For most proposed applications the organic material covering the frustules needs to be removed. In this paper we investigate the effect of different frustule cleaning methods (drying, autoclavation, SDS/EDTA treatment, H2O2 treatment and HNO3 treatment) and subsequent heat treatment at different temperatures (105 °C, 350 °C, 550 °C and 750 °C) on the material characteristics of the diatom Pinnularia sp. Material characteristics under study are morphology, surface area, pore size, elemental composition and organic content. The cleaned Pinnularia frustules are subsequently investigated as adsorbents to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos 000344997800060 Publication Date 2014-10-23
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 2046-2069 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor 3.108 Times cited 10 Open Access
  Notes ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 3.108; 2014 IF: 3.840
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:121377 Serial 5945
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Van Grieken, R.
  Title 2014 Award for best referee of X-Ray Spectrometry Type Editorial
  Year 2014 Publication X-ray spectrometry Abbreviated Journal
  Volume 43 Issue 6 Pages 311-311
  Keywords Editorial; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
  Abstract
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos 000344178700001 Publication Date 2014-09-27
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 0049-8246 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
  Notes Approved no
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:121210 Serial 7385
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Author Pinera, I.; Cruz, C.M.; Leyva, A.; Abreu, Y.; Cabal, A.E.; van Espen, P.; Van Remortel, N.
  Title Improved calculation of displacements per atom cross section in solids by gamma and electron irradiation Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Interactions With Materials And Atoms Abbreviated Journal
  Volume 339 Issue Pages 1-7
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Particle Physics Group; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
  Abstract Several authors had estimated the displacements per atom cross sections under different approximations and models, including most of the main gamma- and electron-material interaction processes. These previous works used numerical approximation formulas which are applicable for limited energy ranges. We proposed the Monte Carlo assisted Classical Method (MCCM), which relates the established theories about atom displacements to the electron and positron secondary fluence distributions calculated from the Monte Carlo simulation. In this study the MCCM procedure is adapted in order to estimate the displacements per atom cross sections for gamma and electron irradiation. The results obtained through this procedure are compared with previous theoretical calculations. An improvement in about 10-90% for the gamma irradiation induced dpa cross section is observed in our results on regard to the previous evaluations for the studied incident energies. On the other hand, the dpa cross section values produced by irradiation with electrons are improved by our calculations in about 5-50% when compared with the theoretical approximations. When thin samples are irradiated with electrons, more precise results are obtained through the MCCM (in about 20-70%) with respect to the previous studies. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
  Address
  Corporate Author Thesis
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor
  Language Wos 000343785500001 Publication Date 2014-09-15
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition
  ISSN 0168-583x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
  Notes Approved no
  Call Number (down) UA @ admin @ c:irua:121161 Serial 8069
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