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Author | Uytdenhouwen, Y. | ||||
Title | Tuning the performance of a DBD plasma reactor for CO2 reforming | Type | Doctoral thesis | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal ![]() |
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Volume | Issue | Pages | 303 p. | ||
Keywords | Doctoral thesis; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | Publication Date | |||
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record | ||
Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | |||
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: NA | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:174026 | Serial | 6774 | ||
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Author | Bogaerts, A.; Snoeckx, R.; Berthelot, A.; Heijkers, S.; Wang, W.; Sun, S.; Van Laer, K.; Ramakers, M.; Michielsen, I.; Uytdenhouwen, Y.; Meynen, V.; Cool, P. | ||||
Title | Plasma based co2 conversion: a combined modeling and experimental study | Type | P1 Proceeding | ||
Year | 2016 | Publication | Hakone Xv: International Symposium On High Pressure Low Temperature Plasma Chemistry: With Joint Cost Td1208 Workshop: Non-equilibrium Plasmas With Liquids For Water And Surface Treatment | Abbreviated Journal ![]() |
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Keywords | P1 Proceeding; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | In recent years there is increased interest in plasma-based CO2 conversion. Several plasma setups are being investigated for this purpose, but the most commonly used ones are a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD), a microwave (MW) plasma and a gliding arc (GA) reactor. In this proceedings paper, we will show results from our experiments in a (packed bed) DBD reactor and in a vortex-flow GA reactor, as well as from our model calculations for the detailed plasma chemistry in a DBD, MW and GA, for pure CO2 as well as mixtures of CO2 with N-2, CH4 and H2O. | ||||
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Publisher | Masarykova univ | Place of Publication | Brno | Editor | |
Language | Wos | Publication Date | 0000-00-00 | ||
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 978-80-210-8318-9 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record | |
Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | |||
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: NA | |||
Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:141553 | Serial | 4526 | ||
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Author | Michielsen, I.; Uytdenhouwen, Y.; Bogaerts, A.; Meynen, V. | ||||
Title | Altering conversion and product selectivity of dry reforming of methane in a dielectric barrier discharge by changing the dielectric packing material | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2019 | Publication | Catalysts | Abbreviated Journal ![]() |
Catalysts |
Volume | 9 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 51 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | We studied the influence of dense, spherical packing materials, with different chemical compositions, on the dry reforming of methane (DRM) in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor. Although not catalytically activated, a vast effect on the conversion and product selectivity could already be observed, an influence which is often neglected when catalytically activated plasma packing materials are being studied. The alpha-Al2O3 packing material of 2.0-2.24 mm size yields the highest total conversion (28%), as well as CO2 (23%) and CH4 (33%) conversion and a high product fraction towards CO (similar to 70%) and ethane (similar to 14%), together with an enhanced CO/H-2 ratio of 9 in a 4.5 mm gap DBD at 60 W and 23 kHz. gamma-Al2O3 is only slightly less active in total conversion (22%) but is even more selective in products formed than alpha-Al2O3 BaTiO3 produces substantially more oxygenated products than the other packing materials but is the least selective in product fractions and has a clear negative impact on CO2 conversion upon addition of CH4. Interestingly, when comparing to pure CO2 splitting and when evaluating differences in products formed, significantly different trends are obtained for the packing materials, indicating a complex impact of the presence of CH4 and the specific nature of the packing materials on the DRM process. | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000459732000051 | Publication Date | 2019-01-10 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 2073-4344 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.082 | Times cited | 4 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.082 | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:158666 | Serial | 5268 | ||
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Author | Uytdenhouwen, Y.; Meynen, V.; Cool, P.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | The Potential Use of Core-Shell Structured Spheres in a Packed-Bed DBD Plasma Reactor for CO2 Conversion | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Catalysts | Abbreviated Journal ![]() |
Catalysts |
Volume | 10 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 530 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | This work proposes to use core-shell structured spheres to evaluate whether it allows to individually optimize bulk and surface effects of a packing material, in order to optimize conversion and energy efficiency. Different core-shell materials have been prepared by spray coating, using dense spheres (as core) and powders (as shell) of SiO2, Al2O3, and BaTiO3. The materials are investigated for their performance in CO2 dissociation and compared against a benchmark consisting of a packed-bed reactor with the pure dense spheres, as well as an empty reactor. The results in terms of CO2 conversion and energy efficiency show various interactions between the core and shell material, depending on their combination. Al2O3 was found as the best core material under the applied conditions here, followed by BaTiO3 and SiO2, in agreement with their behaviour for the pure spheres. Applying a thin shell layer on the cores showed equal performance between the different shell materials. Increasing the layer thickness shifts this behaviour, and strong combination effects were observed depending on the specific material. Therefore, this method of core-shell spheres has the potential to allow tuning of the packing properties more closely to the application by designing an optimal combination of core and shell. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000546007000092 | Publication Date | 2020-05-11 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 2073-4344 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.9 | Times cited | Open Access | ||
Notes | Interreg, Project EnOp ; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, G.0254.14N ; Universiteit Antwerpen, Project SynCO2Chem ; We want to thank Jasper Lefevre (VITO) for assistance in the development of the coating suspension for the core-shell spheres. | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.9; 2020 IF: 3.082 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:169222 | Serial | 6364 | ||
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Author | Michielsen, I.; Uytdenhouwen, Y.; Pype, J.; Michielsen, B.; Mertens, J.; Reniers, F.; Meynen, V.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | CO 2 dissociation in a packed bed DBD reactor: First steps towards a better understanding of plasma catalysis | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2017 | Publication | Chemical engineering journal | Abbreviated Journal ![]() |
Chem Eng J |
Volume | 326 | Issue | 326 | Pages | 477-488 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Plasma catalysis is gaining increasing interest for CO2 conversion, but the interaction between the plasma and catalyst is still poorly understood. This is caused by limited systematic materials research, since most works combine a plasma with commercial supported catalysts and packings. In the present paper, we study the influence of specific material and reactor properties, as well as reactor/bead configuration, on the conversion and energy efficiency of CO2 dissociation in a packed bed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor. Of the various packing materials investigated, BaTiO3 yields the highest conversion and energy efficiency, i.e., 25% and 4.5%. Our results show that, when evaluating the influence of catalysts, the impact of the packing (support) material itself cannot be neglected, since it can largely affect the conversion and energy efficiency. This shows the large potential for further improvement of packed bed plasma reactors for CO2 conversion and other chemical conversion reactions by adjusting both packing (support) properties and catalytically active sites. Moreover, we clearly prove that comparison of results obtained in different reactor setups should be done with care, since there is a large effect of the reactor setup and reactor/bead configuration. |
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000406137200047 | Publication Date | 2017-06-01 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1385-8947 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 6.216 | Times cited | 49 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
Notes | This research was carried out with financial support of the Institute for the Promotion of Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT Flanders) for both I. Michielsen (IWT-141093) and J. Pype (IWT-131229) and of the Walloon region through the excellence programme FLYCOAT (nr. 1318147) for the profilometry measurements. The authors also acknowledge financial support from an IOF-SBO project from the University of Antwerp and from the Fund for Scientific Research (FWO; grant number: G.0254.14 N). This research was carried out in the framework of the network on Physical Chemistry of Plasma-Surface Interactions – Interuniversity Attraction Poles, phase VII (http://psi-iap7.ulb. ac.be/), and supported by the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO). The authors would also like to thank Koen Van Laer for the discussions on this manuscript. | Approved | Most recent IF: 6.216 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @ c:irua:144802 | Serial | 4626 | ||
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Author | Uytdenhouwen, Y.; Van Alphen, S.; Michielsen, I.; Meynen, V.; Cool, P.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | A packed-bed DBD micro plasma reactor for CO 2 dissociation: Does size matter? | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2018 | Publication | Chemical engineering journal | Abbreviated Journal ![]() |
Chem Eng J |
Volume | 348 | Issue | Pages | 557-568 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | DBD plasma reactors are of great interest for environmental and energy applications, such as CO2 conversion, but they suffer from limited conversion and especially energy efficiency. The introduction of packing materials has been a popular subject of investigation in order to increase the reactor performance. Reducing the discharge gap of the reactor below one millimetre can enhance the plasma performance as well. In this work, we combine both effects and use a packed-bed DBD micro plasma reactor to investigate the influence of gap size reduction, in combination with a packing material, on the conversion and efficiency of CO2 dissociation. Packing materials used in this work were SiO2, ZrO2, and Al2O3 spheres as well as glass wool. The results are compared to a regular size reactor as a benchmark. Reducing the discharge gap can greatly increase the CO2 conversion, although at a lower energy efficiency. Adding a packing material further increases the conversion when keeping a constant residence time, but is greatly dependent on the material composition, gap and sphere size used. Maximum conversions of 50–55% are obtained for very long residence times (30 s and higher) in an empty reactor or with certain packing material combinations, suggesting a balance in CO2 dissociation and recombination reactions. The maximum energy efficiency achieved is 4.3%, but this is for the regular sized reactor at a short residence time (7.5 s). Electrical characterization is performed to reveal some trends in the electrical behaviour of the plasma upon reduction of the discharge gap and addition of a packing material. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000434467000055 | Publication Date | 2018-05-03 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1385-8947 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 6.216 | Times cited | 22 | Open Access | Not_Open_Access: Available from 03.05.2020 |
Notes | We acknowledge financial support from the European Fund for Regional Development through the cross-border collaborative Interreg V program Flanders-the Netherlands (project EnOp), the Fund for Scientific Research (FWO; Grant Number: G.0254.14N) and an IOF-SBO (SynCO2Chem) project from the University of Antwerp. | Approved | Most recent IF: 6.216 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:151238 | Serial | 4956 | ||
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Author | Uytdenhouwen, Y.; Bal, Km.; Michielsen, I.; Neyts, Ec.; Meynen, V.; Cool, P.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | How process parameters and packing materials tune chemical equilibrium and kinetics in plasma-based CO2 conversion | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2019 | Publication | Chemical engineering journal | Abbreviated Journal ![]() |
Chem Eng J |
Volume | 372 | Issue | Pages | 1253-1264 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Plasma (catalysis) reactors are increasingly being used for gas-based chemical conversions, providing an alternative method of energy delivery to the molecules. In this work we explore whether classical concepts such as equilibrium constants, (overall) rate coefficients, and catalysis exist under plasma conditions. We specifically investigate the existence of a so-called partial chemical equilibrium (PCE), and how process parameters and packing properties influence this equilibrium, as well as the overall apparent rate coefficient, for CO2 splitting in a DBD plasma reactor. The results show that a PCE can be reached, and that the position of the equilibrium, in combination with the rate coefficient, greatly depends on the reactor parameters and operating conditions (i.e., power, pressure, and gap size). A higher power, higher pressure, or smaller gap size enhance both the equilibrium constant and the rate coefficient, although they cannot be independently tuned. Inserting a packing material (non-porous SiO2 and ZrO2 spheres) in the reactor reveals interesting gap/material effects, where the type of material dictates the position of the equilibrium and the rate (inhibition) independently. As a result, no apparent synergistic effect or plasma-catalytic behaviour was observed for the non-porous packing materials studied in this reaction. Within the investigated parameters, equilibrium conversions were obtained between 23 and 71%, while the rate coefficient varied between 0.027 s−1 and 0.17 s−1. This method of analysis can provide a more fundamental insight in the overall reaction kinetics of (catalytic) plasma-based gas conversion, in order to be able to distinguish plasma effects from true catalytic enhancement. |
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000471670400116 | Publication Date | 2019-05-08 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1385-8947 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 6.216 | Times cited | 3 | Open Access | Not_Open_Access: Available from 05.05.2021 |
Notes | European Fund for Regional Development; FWOFWO, G.0254.14N ; University of Antwerp; FWO-FlandersFWO-Flanders, 11V8915N ; The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Fund for Regional Development through the cross-border collaborative Interreg V program Flanders-the Netherlands (project EnOp), the Fund for Scientific Research (FWO; Grant Number: G.0254.14N), a TOP-BOF project and an IOF-SBO (SynCO2Chem) project from the University of Antwerp. K. M. B. was funded as a PhD fellow (aspirant) of the FWOFlanders (Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders), Grant 11V8915N. | Approved | Most recent IF: 6.216 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @UA @ admin @ c:irua:159979 | Serial | 5171 | ||
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Author | Uytdenhouwen, Y.; Hereijgers, J.; Breugelmans, T.; Cool, P.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | How gas flow design can influence the performance of a DBD plasma reactor for dry reforming of methane | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Chemical Engineering Journal | Abbreviated Journal ![]() |
Chem Eng J |
Volume | 405 | Issue | Pages | 126618 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT) | ||||
Abstract | DBD plasma reactors are commonly used in a static ‘one inlet – one outlet’ design that goes against reactor design principles for multi-component reactions, such as dry reforming of methane (DRM). Therefore, in this paper we have developed a novel reactor design, and investigated how the shape and size of the reaction zone, as well as gradual gas addition, and the method of mixing CO2 and CH4 can influence the conversion and product com position of DRM. Even in the standard ‘one inlet – one outlet’ design, the direction of the gas flow (i.e. short or long path through the reactor, which defines the gas velocity at fixed residence time), as well as the dimensions of the reaction zone and the power delivery to the reactor, largely affect the performance. Using gradual gas addition and separate plasma activation zones for the individual gases give increased conversions within the same operational parameters, by optimising mixing ratios and kinetics. The choice of the main (pre-activated) gas and the direction of gas flow largely affect the conversion and energy cost, while the gas inlet position during separate addition only influences the product distribution. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000626511800005 | Publication Date | 2020-08-12 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1385-8947 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 6.216 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
Notes | Interreg; Flanders; FWO; University of Antwerp; The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Fund for Regional Development through the cross-border collaborative Interreg V program Flanders-the Netherlands (project EnOp), the Fund 13 for Scientific Research (FWO; grant number: G.0254.14N), and an IOFSBO (SynCO2Chem) project from the University of Antwerp. | Approved | Most recent IF: 6.216 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:170609 | Serial | 6410 | ||
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Author | Uytdenhouwen, Y.; Bal, Km.; Neyts, Ec.; Meynen, V.; Cool, P.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | On the kinetics and equilibria of plasma-based dry reforming of methane | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Chemical Engineering Journal | Abbreviated Journal ![]() |
Chem Eng J |
Volume | 405 | Issue | Pages | 126630 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Plasma reactors are interesting for gas-based chemical conversion but the fundamental relation between the plasma chemistry and selected conditions remains poorly understood. Apparent kinetic parameters for the loss and formation processes of individual components of gas conversion processes, can however be extracted by performing experiments in an extended residence time range (2–75 s) and fitting the gas composition to a firstorder kinetic model of the evolution towards partial chemical equilibrium (PCE). We specifically investigated the differences in kinetic characteristics and PCE state of the CO2 dissociation and CH4 reforming reactions in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor (DBD), how these are mutually affected when combining both gases in the dry reforming of methane (DRM) reaction, and how they change when a packing material (non-porous SiO2) is added to the reactor. We find that CO2 dissociation is characterized by a comparatively high reaction rate of 0.120 s−1 compared to CH4 reforming at 0.041 s−1; whereas CH4 reforming reaches higher equilibrium conversions, 82% compared to 53.6% for CO2 dissociation. Combining both feed gases makes the DRM reaction to proceed at a relatively high rate (0.088 s−1), and high conversion (75.4%) compared to CO2 dissociation, through accessing new chemical pathways between the products of CO2 and CH4. The addition of the packing material can also distinctly influence the conversion rate and position of the equilibrium, but its precise effect depends strongly on the gas composition. Comparing different CO2:CH4 ratios reveals the delicate balance of the combined chemistry. CO2 drives the loss reactions in DRM, whereas CH4 in the mixture suppresses back reactions. As a result, our methodology provides some of the insight necessary to systematically tune the conversion process. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000621197700003 | Publication Date | 2020-08-12 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1385-8947 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 6.216 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
Notes | The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Fund for Regional Development through the cross-border collaborative Interreg V program Flanders-the Netherlands (project EnOp), the Fund for Scientific Research (FWO; grant number: G.0254.14N), a TOP-BOF project and an IOF-SBO (SynCO2Chem) project from the University of Antwerp. | Approved | Most recent IF: 6.216 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:172458 | Serial | 6411 | ||
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Author | Kaliyappan, P.; Paulus, A.; D’Haen, J.; Samyn, P.; Uytdenhouwen, Y.; Hafezkhiabani, N.; Bogaerts, A.; Meynen, V.; Elen, K.; Hardy, A.; Van Bael, M.K. | ||||
Title | Probing the impact of material properties of core-shell SiO₂@TiO₂ spheres on the plasma-catalytic CO₂ dissociation using a packed bed DBD plasma reactor | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Journal Of Co2 Utilization | Abbreviated Journal ![]() |
J Co2 Util |
Volume | 46 | Issue | Pages | 101468 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Plasma catalysis, a promising technology for conversion of CO2 into value-added chemicals near room temperature, is gaining increasing interest. A dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma has attracted attention due to its simple design and operation at near ambient conditions, ease to implement catalysts in the plasma zone and upscaling ability to industrial applications. To improve its main drawbacks, being relatively low conversion and energy efficiency, a packing material is used in the plasma discharge zone of the reactor, sometimes decorated by a catalytic material. Nevertheless, the extent to which different properties of the packing material influence plasma performance is still largely unexplored and unknown. In this study, the particular effect of synthesis induced differences in the morphology of a TiO2 shell covering a SiO2 core packing material on the plasma conversion of CO2 is studied. TiO2 has been successfully deposited around 1.6–1.8 mm sized SiO2 spheres by means of spray coating, starting from aqueous citratoperoxotitanate(IV) precursors. Parameters such as concentration of the Ti(IV) precursor solutions and addition of a binder were found to affect the shells’ properties and surface morphology and to have a major impact on the CO2 conversion in a packed bed DBD plasma reactor. Core-shell SiO2@TiO2 obtained from 0.25 M citratoperoxotitante(IV) precursors with the addition of a LUDOX binder showed the highest CO2 conversion 37.7% (at a space time of 70 s corresponding to an energy efficiency of 2%) and the highest energy efficiency of 4.8% (at a space time of 2.5 s corresponding to a conversion of 3%). | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000634280300004 | Publication Date | 2021-02-15 | |
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 2212-9820 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 4.292 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 4.292 | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:175958 | Serial | 6773 | ||
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