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Author |
Zhang, Q.-Z.; Bogaerts, A. |
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Title |
Plasma streamer propagation in structured catalysts |
Type |
A1 Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Plasma Sources Science & Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plasma Sources Sci T |
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Volume |
27 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
105013 |
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Keywords  |
A1 Journal Article; plasma catalysis, streamer propagation, 3D structures, PIC/MCC; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ; |
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Abstract |
Plasma catalysis is gaining increasing interest for various environmental applications. Catalytic
material can be inserted in different shapes in the plasma, e.g., as pellets, (coated) beads, but also
as honeycomb monolith and 3DFD structures, also called ‘structured catalysts’, which have high
mass and heat transfer properties. In this work, we examine the streamer discharge propagation
and the interaction between plasma and catalysts, inside the channels of such structured catalysts,
by means of a two-dimensional particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision model. Our results reveal
that plasma streamers behave differently in various structured catalysts. In case of a honeycomb
structure, the streamers are limited to only one channel, with low or high plasma density when
the channels are parallel or perpendicular to the electrodes, respectively. In contrast, in case of a
3DFD structure, the streamers can distribute to different channels, causing discharge
enhancement due to surface charging on the dielectric walls of the structured catalyst, and
especially giving rise to a broader plasma distribution. The latter should be beneficial for plasma
catalysis applications, as it allows a larger catalyst surface area to be exposed to the plasma. |
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Wos |
000448131900002 |
Publication Date |
2018-10-22 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1361-6595 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.302 |
Times cited |
3 |
Open Access |
Not_Open_Access |
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Notes |
We acknowledge financial support from the European Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship within H2020 (Grant Agreement 702604). This work was carried out in part using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen, a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the University of Antwerp. |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.302 |
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Call Number |
PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:155510 |
Serial |
5068 |
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Author |
Delaney, J.K.; Conover, D.M.; Dooley, K.A.; Glinsman, L.; Janssens, K.; Loew, M. |
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Title |
Integrated X-ray fluorescence and diffuse visible-to-near-infrared reflectance scanner for standoff elemental and molecular spectroscopic imaging of paints and works on paper |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Heritage science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
31 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Prior studies have shown the improved ability to identify artists' pigments by combining results from X-ray fluorescence (XRF), which provides elemental information, with reflectance spectroscopy in the visible to near infrared (400-1000 nm) that provides information on electronic transitions. Extending the spectral range of reflectance spectroscopy into the UV, 350-400 nm, allows identification of several white pigments since their electronic transitions occur in this region (e.g., zinc white and rutile and anatase forms of titanium white). Extending the range further into the infrared, out to 2500 nm, provides information on vibrational transitions of various functional groups, such as hydroxyl, carbonate, and methyl groups. This allows better identification of mineral-based pigments and some paint binders. The combination of elemental information with electronic and vibrational transitions provides a more robust method to identify artists' materials in situ. The collection of both sets of spectral information across works of art, such as paintings and works on paper, allows generating a more complete map of artists' materials. Here, we describe a 2-D scanner that simultaneously collects XRF spectra and reflectance spectra from 350 to 2500 nm across the surfaces of works of art. The scanner consists of a stationary, single pixel XRF spectrometer and fiber optic reflectance spectrometer along with a 2-D position-controlled easel that moves the artwork in front of the two detection systems. The dual-mode scanner has been tested on a variety of works of art from illuminated manuscripts (0.1 x 0.1 m(2)) to paintings as large as 1.7 x 1.9 m(2). The scanner is described and two sets of results are presented. The first is the XRF scanning of a large warped panel painting by Andrea del Sarto titled Charity. The second is a combined XRF and reflectance scan of Georges Seurat's painting titled Haymakers at Montfermeil. The XRF was collected at 1 mm spatial sampling and the reflectance spectral data at 3 mm. Combining the results from the data sets was found to enhance the identification of pigments as well as yield distribution maps, in spite of the relatively low reflectance spatial sampling. The elemental and reflectance maps allowed the identification and mapping of lead white, cobalt blue, viridian, ochres, and likely chrome yellow. The maps also provide information on the mixing of pigments. While the reflectance image cube has 10-20x larger spatial samples than desired, the elimination of having to use two hyperspectral cameras to cover the range from 400 to 2500 nm makes for a low cost dual modality scanner. |
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Wos |
000433601900001 |
Publication Date |
2018-05-18 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2050-7445 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
7 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The authors acknowledge funding from the National Science Foundation (Award 1041827). J.K.D. and D.M.C. acknowledge funding from the Andrew W. Mellon and Samuel H. Kress Foundations. The authors are grateful to David Martin and Dennis Murphy of SmartDrive Ltd., Gary Fager of Malvern PANalytical, and Gao Ning of XOS for advice. KJ acknowledges support from EU-InterReg project SmartLight and from GOA Project SolarPaint (University of Antwerp Research Council). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:152039 |
Serial |
5665 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Dooley, K.A.; Gifford, E.M.; van Loon, A.; Noble, P.; Zeibel, J.G.; Conover, D.M.; Alfeld, M.; van der Snickt, G.; Legrand, S.; Janssens, K.; Dik, J.; Delaney, J.K. |
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Title |
Separating two painting campaigns in Saul and David, attributed to Rembrandt, using macroscale reflectance and XRF imaging spectroscopies and microscale paint analysis |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Heritage science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
46 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Late paintings of Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669) offer intriguing problems for both art historians and conservation scientists. In the research presented here, the key question addressed is whether observed stylistic differences in paint handling can be correlated with material differences. In Saul and David, in the collection of the Royal Picture Gallery Mauritshuis in The Hague, NL, the stylistic differences between the loose brushwork of Saul's cloak and the more detailed depiction of his turban and the figure of David have been associated with at least two painting stages since the late 1960s, but the attribution of each stage has been debated in the art historical literature. Stylistic evaluation of the paint handling in the two stages, based on magnified surface examination, is further described here. One of the research goals was to determine whether the stylistic differences could be further differentiated with macroscale and microscale methods of material analysis. To address this, selected areas of the painting having pronounced stylistic differences were investigated with two macroscopic chemical imaging methods, X-ray fluorescence and reflectance imaging spectroscopies. The pigments used were identified and their spatial distribution was mapped. The mapping results show that the passages rendered in more detail and associated stylistically with the first painting stage, such as the orange-red color of David's garment or the Greek key design in Saul's turban, were painted with predominately red ochre mixed with vermilion. The regions of loose, bold brushwork, such as the orange-red slashing strokes in the interior of Saul's cloak, associated with the second painting stage, were painted with predominately red ochre without vermilion. These macroscale imaging results were confirmed and extended with scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) analysis of three cross-sections taken from regions of stylistic differences associated with the two painting stages, including one sample each from the right and left sleeve of David, and one from the interior of Saul's cloak. SEM-EDX also identified a trace component, barium sulfate, associated with the red ochre of the second stage revisions. Combining mapping information from two spectroscopic imaging methods with localized information from microscopic samples has clearly shown that the stylistic differences observed in the paint handling are affiliated with differences in the chemical composition of the paints. |
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Wos |
000441205600001 |
Publication Date |
2018-08-02 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2050-7445 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
3 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support through the NWO Science4Arts program (ReVisRembrandt Project 2012-2018) and the NSF SCI-ART program (Award 1041827). JKD acknowledges support from the Andrew W. Mellon and the Samuel H. Kress Foundations. SL is grateful for a doctoral scholarship from the Research Council of the University of Antwerp. GvdS and KJ acknowledge support from the Fund Baillet Latour. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:153119 |
Serial |
5829 |
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Author |
Koldeweij, J.; Hoogstede, L.; Ilsink, M.; Janssens, K.; De Keyser, N.; Gotink, R.K.; Legrand, S.; Nauhaus, J.M.; van der Snickt, G.; Spronk, R. |
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Title |
The patron of Hieronymus Bosch's 'Last Judgment' triptych in Vienna |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
The Burlington magazine |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
160 |
Issue |
1379 |
Pages |
106-111 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
A technical examination of the Last Judgment triptych by Hieronymus Bosch in the Paintings Gallery of the Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna, has revealed a painted escutcheon with the coat of arms of the Burgundian court official Hippolyte de Berthoz underneath the current surface of the right outer wing. This allows him to be firmly identified as the painting's patron. |
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Wos |
000458246800007 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0007-6287; 2044-9925 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:181267 |
Serial |
8656 |
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Author |
Wuyts, K.; Hofman, J.; van Wittenberghe, S.; Nuyts, G.; De Wael, K.; Samson, R. |
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Title |
A new opportunity for biomagnetic monitoring of particulate pollution in an urban environment using tree branches |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Atmospheric environment : an international journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Atmos Environ |
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Volume |
190 |
Issue |
190 |
Pages |
177-187 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Environmental magnetism, and the magnetic leaf signal in particular, is amply investigated and applied as proxy for atmospheric particulate matter pollution. In this study, we investigated the magnetic signal of annual segments of tree branches, and the composition of particles deposited hereon. Branches are, contrary to leaves of deciduous trees, available during leaf-off seasons and exposed to air pollution year-round. We examined the intra- and inter-tree variation in saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM) of branch internodes of London plane (Platanus x aeerifolia Willd.) trees in an urban environment. The branch SIRM, normalized by surface area, ranged from 18 to 650 x 10(-6) angstrom; the median amounted to 106 x 10(-6) angstrom. Most of the branch magnetic signal was attributed to the epidermis or bark, and the presence of metal-containing particles on the branch surfaces was confirmed by SEM-EDX. The location of the trees and the height, the depth in the crown and the age of the branches significantly influenced the branch SIRM. The median branch SIRM was up to 135% higher near a busy ring road than in quiet environments (city park and quiet street canyon), and was linked to the presence of Fe-rich particles with co-occurrence of trace metals such as Cr, Cu, Zn and Mn on the branch surface. Within the tree crowns, the branch SIRM generally decreased with increasing height, and was 22% higher in the interior than at the periphery of the crowns. Within the branches, the SIRM increased with each year of exposure, but did not relate to year-to-year variation in particle concentrations due to branch surface changes (epidermis shedding). Our results provide indications that branches can be a valuable alternative for biomagnetic monitoring of particulate pollution, but intra-tree variability in branch SIRM can be substantial due to the branch's location in the tree and branch age. |
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Wos |
000444659400017 |
Publication Date |
2018-07-11 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1352-2310 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.629 |
Times cited |
3 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; We would like to thank the city council services of the city of Antwerp for their logistical support. We are grateful to Ana Castanheiro and Leen Van Ham for laboratory and SEM assistance. JH is supported as postdoctoral fellow of the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO; 12I4816N) and SVW is supported by a Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship under the grant agreement no 701815 FLUOPHOT. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.629 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:153607 |
Serial |
5454 |
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Author |
Cotte, M.; Genty-Vincent, A.; Janssens, K.; Susini, J. |
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Title |
Applications of synchrotron X-ray nano-probes in the field of cultural heritage |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Comptes rendus : physique |
Abbreviated Journal |
Cr Phys |
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Volume |
19 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
575-588 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Synchrotron-based techniques are increasingly used in the field of cultural heritage, and this review focuses notably on the application of nano-beams to access high-spatial-resolution information on fragments sampled in historical or model artworks. Depending on the targeted information, various nano-analytical techniques can be applied, providing both identification and localization of the various components. More precisely, nano-X-ray fluorescence probes elements, nano-X-ray diffraction identify crystalline phases, and nano X-ray absorption spectroscopy is sensitive to speciation. Furthermore, computed tomography-based techniques can provide useful information about the morphology and in particular the porosity of materials. (C) 2018 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. |
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Wos |
000451631400006 |
Publication Date |
2018-08-13 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1631-0705; 1878-1535 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
2.048 |
Times cited |
3 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.048 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:156320 |
Serial |
5476 |
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Author |
Vermeulen, M.; Janssens, K.; Sanyova, J.; Rahemi, V.; McGlinchey, C.; De Wael, K. |
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Title |
Assessing the stability of arsenic sulfide pigments and influence of the binding media on their degradation by means of spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Microchemical journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Microchem J |
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Volume |
138 |
Issue |
138 |
Pages |
82-91 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
In this paper, we used the semiconducting and lightfastness properties of synthetic and mineral arsenic sulfide pigments to study their stability by means of electrochemical and microfadometric techniques. A combination of these techniques shows that in the early stage of the degradation process, amorphous arsenic sulfides are more stable than both crystalline forms, while upon longer exposure time, amorphous pigments will fade more than both mineral pigments, making it less suitable. While the stability study was carried out on unbound pigments, the influence of the organic binder on the relative degradation of the arsenic sulfide pigments was investigated through a multi-analytical approach on pigment/binder mock-up paint samples. For this purpose, the formation of arsenic trioxide was assessed by micro Fourier transform infrared (μ-FTIR) spectroscopy while the influence of the binder on the formation of sulfates was studied by means of synchrotron radiation X-ray near edge structure (μ-XANES). Both techniques elucidate a higher stability of all pigments in gum arabic while the use of egg yolk as binder leads to the most degradation, most likely due to its sulfur-rich composition. In the context of the degradation of arsenic sulfide pigments, other binders such as animal glue, egg white or linseed oil show an intermediate impact. |
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Wos |
000428103000010 |
Publication Date |
2018-01-06 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0026-265x; 0026-265x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.034 |
Times cited |
4 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; This research is made possible with the support of the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO, Brussels) through the research program Science for a Sustainable Development – SDD, “Long-term role and fate of metal-sulfides in painted works of art – S2ART” (grant number SD/RI/04A). We gratefully acknowledge Megane Willems (Institut Paul-Lambin) for her help with mu-FFIR analyses and realization of the mock-up paint samples. We acknowledge the Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland for provision of synchrotron radiation beamtime at beamline Phoenix of the SLS. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.034 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:150149 |
Serial |
5482 |
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Author |
Bottari, F.; Blust, R.; De Wael, K. |
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Title |
Bio(inspired) strategies for the electro-sensing of β-lactam antibiotics |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Current opinion in electrochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
143-148 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
The dire previsions of the WHO on the so-called “post-antibiotic era” and the continuous and global rise of anti-microbial resistance, spurs our research community to find better ways to fight these threats. In light of this severe threat to human health many attempts have been made to develop efficient methods to detect antibiotic residues in different streams. The use of electrochemistry seems an inviting approach for on-site and fast monitoring. In this critical review, recent developments in the field of (bio) electro-sensing of 19-lactam antibiotics will be presented, with a focus on aptamers and molecularly imprinted polymers, the two main promises of a new generation of biosensors, yet to be fulfilled. |
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Wos |
000442800000022 |
Publication Date |
2018-05-24 |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2451-9103; 2451-9111 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
15 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; This work was financially supported by the University of Antwerp (BOF) and the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:153744 |
Serial |
5488 |
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Author |
Kardel, F.; Wuyts, K.; De Wael, K.; Samson, R. |
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Title |
Biomonitoring of atmospheric particulate pollution via chemical composition and magnetic properties of roadside tree leaves |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Environmental Science and Pollution Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environ Sci Pollut R |
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Volume |
25 |
Issue |
26 |
Pages |
25994-26004 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Particulate matter (PM) is a main atmospheric pollution which threats human health and well-being. In this research, we chemically and magnetically analysed roadside tree leaves, collected from three tree species in two main roads (from two different cities) and a reference area, for 28 elements and the saturation isothermal remanent magnetisation. Comparison of unwashed and washed leaves revealed that deposited particles on the leaf surface contain various elements including Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, Na, Si, Ti, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Rb, V, Zn and Zr. Moreover, there was no significant difference between washed/unwashed leaves in Cl, K, P, S, As, Cd, Cs, Pb, Sn and Sr concentrations, which indicates tree leaves may not be a suitable biomonitor for these elements. Our results showed that site and tree species are important factors which affect atmospheric elements deposition. Among the three considered tree species, Chamaecyparis lawsoniana showed the highest potential for atmospheric particle accumulation. The PCA results revealed that Al, Fe, Ti, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Rb, Si, V, Zn and Zr indicated emissions from road traffic activities and soil dust; Ca, Mg and Na from sea salts and Mn and Sb from industrial activity. The biplot results showed that the site effect was much stronger than the species effect for all elements and saturation isothermal remanent magnetisation (SIRM) values. Moreover, elements from traffic, industrial activity and soil dust are significantly correlated with leaf SIRM indicating that leaf SIRM can be a suitable bioindicator of exposure to traffic-derived particles and soil dust, and not from sea salts. It is concluded that chemical composition and SIRM of urban tree leaves can serve as a good indicator of atmospheric PM pollution in Iran and anywhere else where the studied trees grow. |
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Wos |
000443329100034 |
Publication Date |
2018-07-02 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| |
ISSN |
0944-1344; 1614-7499 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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| |
Impact Factor |
2.741 |
Times cited |
6 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.741 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:153669 |
Serial |
5489 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Vanmeert, F.; Hendriks, E.; van der Snickt, G.; Monico, L.; Dik, J.; Janssens, K. |
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Title |
Chemical Mapping by Macroscopic X-ray Powder Diffraction (MA-XRPD) of Van Gogh's Sunflowers : identification of areas with higher degradation risk |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English |
Abbreviated Journal |
Angew Chem Int Edit |
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| |
Volume |
57 |
Issue |
25 |
Pages |
7418-7422 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
The discoloration rate of chrome yellow (CY), a class of synthetic inorganic pigments (PbCr1-xSxO4) frequently used by Van Gogh and his contemporaries, strongly depends on its sulfate content and on its crystalline structure (either monoclinic or orthorhombic). Macroscopic X-Ray powder diffraction imaging of selected areas on Van Gogh's Sunflowers (Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam) revealed the presence of two subtypes of CY: the light-fast monoclinic PbCrO4 (LF-CY) and the light-sensitive monoclinic PbCr1-xSxO4 (x approximate to 0.5; LS-CY). The latter was encountered in large parts of the painting (e.g., in the pale-yellow background and the bright-yellow petals, but also in the green stems and flower hearts), thus indicating their higher risk for past or future darkening. Overall, it is present in more than 50% of the CY regions. Preferred orientation of LS-CY allows observation of a significant ordering of the elongated crystallites along the direction of Van Gogh's brush strokes. |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
000434949200023 |
Publication Date |
2018-03-02 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1433-7851; 0570-0833 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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| |
Impact Factor |
11.994 |
Times cited |
10 |
Open Access |
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| |
Notes |
; The authors acknowledge financial support from BELSPO (Brussels) S2-ART, the NWO (The Hague) Science4Arts “ReVisRembrandt” project, the GOA Project Solarpaint (University of Antwerp Research Council), and the Interreg Smart*Light project. Raman analyses were performed using the European MOLAB platform, which is financially supported by the Horizon 2020 Programme (IPERION CH Grant 654028). The authors thank the staff of the Van Gogh Museum for their collaboration. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 11.994 |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:153185 |
Serial |
5517 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Hirayama, A.; Abe, Y.; van Loon, A.; De Keyser, N.; Noble, P.; Vanmeert, F.; Janssens, K.; Tantrakarn, K.; Taniguchi, K.; Nakai, I. |
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Title |
Development of a new portable X-ray powder diffractometer and its demonstration to on-site analysis of two selected old master paintings from the Rijksmuseum |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Microchemical journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Microchem J |
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| |
Volume |
138 |
Issue |
138 |
Pages |
266-272 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
A portable X-ray powder diffractometer (p-XRD) PT-APXRD III has been developed for onsite analysis of paintings and archaeological samples. By using a Cu anode X-ray tube and a silicon drift diode (SDD) detector, diffraction patterns with a high signalnoise (S/N) ratio can be recorded. The X-ray tube can be operated at a maximum voltage of 60 kV, which makes it possible to simultaneously record X-ray fluorescence spectra up to the high-energy region. The total weight of this instrument is 16 kg, which can be carried anywhere and the goniometer unit (5.6 kg) can be placed on a tripod for analysis of mural paintings. We brought the instrument to the Rijksmuseum in the Netherlands to examine its applicability for the analysis of oil paintings. We successfully analyzed two seventeenthcentury oil paintings by Johannes Vermeer and Jan Davidsz de Heem (copy after). Ultramarine blue, leadtin yellow type I, and Naples yellow were identified from the diffraction patterns, demonstrating the high practicality of this instrument. Furthermore, it was found from the SEM-EDX analysis of a paint cross section that the yellow pigment was applied in separate layers rather than being mixed. This diffractometer will be commercially available in the near future and will have many applications in the field of material analysis. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000428103000030 |
Publication Date |
2018-01-04 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0026-265x; 0026-265x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.034 |
Times cited |
2 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; This research was conducted with the support of the JSPS (Tokyo, Japan)-FWO (Brussels, Belgium) bilateral exchange project. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.034 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:151565 |
Serial |
5575 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Kirchner, E.; van der Lans, I.; Ligterink, F.; Geldof, M.; Gaibor, A.N.P.; Hendriks, E.; Janssens, K.; Delaney, J. |
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Title |
Digitally reconstructing Van Gogh's Field with Irises near Arles. Part 2: Pigment concentration maps |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Color research and application |
Abbreviated Journal |
Color Res Appl |
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| |
Volume |
43 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
158-176 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Colors in many paintings of great art historical value have changed over time, due to the combined effects of natural ageing, accumulated surface grime, and materials added during later conservation treatments. The physical restoration of the colors in such paintings is not possible. This article describes one part of work done to digitally restore the colors of Van Gogh's painting Field with Irises near Arles, dating from May 1888. We have used multispectral reflectance data to estimate absorption K and backscattering S parameters of Kubelka-Munk 2-constant theory. This was done for all 13 pigments known to have been used by Van Gogh in this painting, and based on this the concentration maps for each of these pigments were calculated. We validated the calculated concentration maps in several ways. For some pigments, we were able to predict spots on the painting where the pigment is expected to occur in unmixed form based on visual examination. For several other pigments, the concentration maps could be shown to agree with XRF data. Finally, for some other pigments the concentration maps were supported by additional evidence from microscopic examinations, remarks in Van Gogh's letters and from early color reproductions. For the 1.7 million pixels for which multispectral data is available, the average color difference between the calculated and measured spectral reflectance curves is CIEDE2000 = 1.05. This further confirms that the Kubelka-Munk calculations are well suited to describe the variety of spectral reflectance on the painting. |
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Corporate Author |
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Language |
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Wos |
000424763100003 |
Publication Date |
2017-08-25 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0361-2317 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
0.798 |
Times cited |
4 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Grant/Award Number: 323.54.004; GOA project SolarPaint of the University of Antwerp Research Council and from the Fund Baillet Latour (Brussels) ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 0.798 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:149231 |
Serial |
5576 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Florea, A.; De Jong, M.; De Wael, K. |
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Title |
Electrochemical strategies for the detection of forensic drugs |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Current opinion in electrochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
11 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
34-40 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Illicit drugs consumption and trafficking is spread worldwide and remains an increasing challenge for local authorities. Forensic drugs and their metabolites are released into wastewaters due to human excretion after illegal consumption of drugs and occasionally due to disposal of clandestine laboratory wastes into sewage systems, being recently classified as the latest group of emerging pollutants. Hence, it is essential to have efficient and accurate methods to detect these type of compounds in seized street samples, biological fluids and wastewaters in order to reduce and prevent trafficking and consumption and negative effects on aquatic systems. Electrochemical strategies offer a fast, portable, low-cost and accurate alternative to chromatographic and spectrometric methods, for the analysis of forensic drugs and metabolites in different matrices. Recent electrochemical strategies applied to the detection of illicit drugs in wastewaters, biological fluids and street samples are presented in this review, together with the impact of drug consumption on the environment. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
000453710900007 |
Publication Date |
2018-07-21 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2451-9103; 2451-9111 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
7 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 753223 Narcoreader. The authors also acknowledge financial support from BELSPO, IOF-SBO and UAntwerp. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:152366 |
Serial |
5597 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Vermeulen, M.; Saverwyns, S.; Coudray, A.; Janssens, K.; Sanyova, J. |
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Title |
Identification by Raman spectroscopy of pararealgar as a starting material in the synthesis of amorphous arsenic sulfide pigments |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Dyes and pigments |
Abbreviated Journal |
Dyes Pigments |
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Volume |
149 |
Issue |
149 |
Pages |
290-297 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
In this study, a combination of elemental analytical techniques (MA-XRF and SEM-EDX) were used to localize arsenic sulfide pigments within a 17th-century Dutch painting and in the stratigraphy of an 18th-century Flemish polychrome sculpture. Once located, Raman spectroscopy was used to obtain the vibrational signature of the arsenic sulfide pigments employed. By means of the latter analytical technique and due to the very distinctive Raman scattering signal of the various arsenic sulfide compounds, it was possible to identify the arsenic-based pigments as natural orpiment and amorphous arsenic sulfide. In the latter case, based on the minor bands observed and the good condition of the paint layers, it was possible to identify pararealgar, the orangey-yellow to yellow degradation product of realgar, as the initial arsenic sulfide material used for the synthesis of the amorphous pigment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that combined pararealgar/amorphous arsenic sulfide Raman spectra are reported in historical samples. Therefore, this would be the first identification of pararealgar as the starting material to produce amorphous, arsenic sulfide pigments used in artworks. |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
000423246900033 |
Publication Date |
2017-10-12 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0143-7208 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.473 |
Times cited |
7 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; This research is made possible with the support of the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO, Brussels) through the research program Science for a Sustainable Development SDD: “Long-term role and fate of metal -sulfides in painted works of art S2ART” (SD/RI/04A). The authors would like to acknowledge the owner of the Abraham Mignon painting, Cecile Glaude for her help with SEM-EDX analyses as well as Livia Depuyt, Carlota Barbosa and Athanasia Fragkou for their assistance. The authors also acknowledge Dr. Karel Palka and Prof. Miroslav Week for their help with the synthesis of the amorphous arsenic sulfide references. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.473 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:149307 |
Serial |
5648 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
van der Snickt, G.; Legrand, S.; Slama, I.; Van Zuien, E.; Gruber, G.; Van der Stighelen, K.; Klaassen, L.; Oberthaler, E.; Janssens, K. |
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Title |
In situ macro X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) scanning as a non-invasive tool to probe for subsurface modifications in paintings by PP Rubens |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Microchemical journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Microchem J |
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Volume |
138 |
Issue |
138 |
Pages |
238-245 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Within the last decade, the established synchrotron- and laboratory-based micro-XRF scanning technology inspired the development of mobile instruments that allow performing in situ experiments on paintings on a macro scale. Since the development of the first mobile scanner at the start of this decade, this chemical imaging technique has brought new insights with respect to several iconic paintings, especially in cases when standard imaging techniques such as X-Ray Radiography (XRR) or Infrared Refiectography (IRR) yielded ambiguous results. The ability of scanning MA-XRF to visualise the distribution of elements detected at and below the paint surface renders this spectrometric method particularly helpful for studying painting techniques and revealing materials that remain hidden below the paint surface. The latter aspect is especially relevant for the technical study of works by Pieter Paul Rubens (1577-1640) as this highly productive seventeenth century master is particularly renowned for the continuous application of modifications during (and even after) the entire course of the creative process. In this work, the added value of MA-XRF scanning experiments for visualising these subsurface features is exemplified by interpreting the chemical images obtained on three of Rubens' key works. Special attention is given to three types of adjustments that are particularly relevant for the technical study of Rubens' oeuvre: (1) compositional changes ('pentimenti'), exemplified by results obtained on The Portrait of Helene Fourment (ca. 1638), (2) extensions to the support ('Anstlickungen.), illustrated by imaging experiments performed on the Venus Frigida (1614) and (3) Rubens' intriguing halos around flesh tones, as found amongst others in The Incredulity of Saint Thomas (1613). The ensuing insights in the paint stratigraphy and the underlying supporting structure illustrate the potential of MA-XRF scanning for the non-invasive, comparative study of Rubens' oeuvre. The results do not only augment the understanding of the complex genesis of Rubens' works of art and his efficient painting technique, but prove valuable during conservation treatments as well, as addressed in this paper. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
000428103000027 |
Publication Date |
2018-01-17 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0026-265x; 0026-265x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.034 |
Times cited |
5 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.034 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:151564 |
Serial |
5657 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Vanmeert, F.; de Nolf, W.; De Meyer, S.; Dik, J.; Janssens, K. |
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Title |
Macroscopic X-ray powder diffraction scanning, a new method for highly selective chemical imaging of works of art : instrument optimization |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
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Volume |
90 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
6436-6444 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
In the past decade macroscopic X-ray fluorescence imaging (MA-XRF) has become established as a method for the noninvasive investigation of flat painted surfaces, yielding large scale elemental maps. MA-XRF is limited by a lack of specificity, only allowing for indirect pigment identification based on the simultaneous presence of chemical elements. The high specificity of X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) mapping is already being exploited at synchrotron facilities for investigations at the (sub)microscopic scale, but the technique has not yet been employed using lab sources. In this paper we present the development of a novel MA-XRPD/XRF instrument based on a laboratory X-ray source. Several combinations of X-ray sources and area detectors are evaluated in terms of their spatial and angular resolution and their sensitivity. The highly specific imaging capability of the combined MA-XRPD/XRF instrument is demonstrated on a 15th/16th century illuminated manuscript directly revealing the distribution of a large number of inorganic pigments, including the uncommon yellow pigment massicot (o-PbO). The case study illustrates the wealth of new mapping information that can be obtained in a noninvasive manner using the laboratory MA-XRPD/XRF instrument. |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
000434893200019 |
Publication Date |
2018-04-06 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0003-2700; 5206-882x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.32 |
Times cited |
11 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The authors thank the persons involved at Incoatec GmbH, imXPAD SAS and Dectris Ltd. for loaning us some of their products over the past years. We acknowledge financial support from BELSPO (Brussels) S2-ART, the NWO (The Hague) Science4Arts “ReVisRembrandt” Project and GOA Project Solarpaint (University of Antwerp Research Council). Photo Copyright Geert Van der Snickt, 2008 for the photograph of the illuminated manuscript in the TOC graphic. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.32 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:151993 |
Serial |
5701 |
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Author |
Vanmeert, F.; de Nolf, W.; Dik, J.; Janssens, K. |
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Title |
Macroscopic X-ray powder diffraction scanning : possibilities for quantitative and depth-selective parchment analysis |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
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Volume |
90 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
6445-6452 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
At or below the surface of painted works of art, valuable information is present that provides insights into an objects past, such as the artists technique and the creative process that was followed or its conservation history but also on its current state of preservation. Various noninvasive techniques have been developed over the past 2 decades that can probe this information either locally (via point analysis) or on a macroscopic scale (e.g., full-field imaging and raster scanning). Recently macroscopic X-ray powder diffraction (MA-XRPD) mapping using laboratory X-ray sources was developed. This method can visualize highly specific chemical distributions at the macroscale (dm(2)). In this work we demonstrate the synergy between the quantitative aspects of powder diffraction and the noninvasive scanning capability of MA-XRPD highlighting the potential of the method to reveal new types of information. Quantitative data derived from a 15th/16th century illuminated sheet of parchment revealed three lead white pigments with different hydrocerussite-cerussite compositions in specific pictorial elements, while quantification analysis of impurities in the blue azurite pigment revealed two distinct azurite types: one rich in barite and one in quartz. Furthermore, on the same artifact, the depth-selective possibilities of the method that stem from an exploitation of the shift of the measured diffraction peaks with respect to reference data are highlighted. The influence of different experimental parameters on the depth-selective analysis results is briefly discussed. Promising stratigraphic information could be obtained, even though the analysis is hampered by not completely understood variations in the unit cell dimensions of the crystalline pigment phases. |
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Wos |
000434893200020 |
Publication Date |
2018-04-06 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0003-2700; 5206-882x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.32 |
Times cited |
6 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The authors thank Incoatec GmbH for giving us the opportunity to test the I mu S Cu X-ray source. We acknowledge financial support from BELSPO (Brussels) S2-ART, the NWO (The Hague) Science4Arts “ReVisRembrandt” project, and GOA Project Solarpaint (University of Antwerp Research Council). Photo Copyright Geert Van der Snickt, 2008 for the photograph of the illuminated manuscript in the TOC graphic. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.32 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:151994 |
Serial |
5702 |
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Author |
Legrand, S.; Ricciardi, P.; Nodari, L.; Janssens, K. |
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Title |
Non-invasive analysis of a 15th century illuminated manuscript fragment: point-based vs imaging spectroscopy |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Microchemical journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Microchem J |
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Volume |
138 |
Issue |
138 |
Pages |
162-172 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Illuminated manuscript fragments are some of the best preserved objects of Western cultural heritage. Therefore, scholars are limited to non-invasive – often point-based – methods, to answer questions on material usage, technique, origin and previous treatments. These powerful methods yield specific information; however, the information is limited to the number of points analyzed. Imaging spectroscopies such as MA-XRF and MA-rFTIR combine specificity with the power of imaging, resulting in distribution images that are interpretable by non-spectroscopists and the public at large. In this paper the possible added value of using imaging spectroscopy is discussed. Do these methods yield the same results as an extensive point-based spectroscopic campaign and can they bring novel information? As a case study, a 15th century illuminated manuscript fragment is employed in order to explore the differences between these approaches and present an inventory of their advantages and limitations. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Wos |
000428103000019 |
Publication Date |
2018-01-05 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0026-265x; 0026-265x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.034 |
Times cited |
12 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The authors wish to thank Dr. Stella Panayotova, Keeper of Manuscripts and Printed Books at the Fitzwilliam Museum, for allowing technical analysis of the manuscript fragment, and Dr. Suzanne Reynolds, Assistant Keeper of Manuscripts and Printed Books, for crucial help in identifying the text on the reverse of the fragment and its significance. We also wish to thank Prof. Andrew Beeby and Dr. Catherine Nicholson for their complementary Raman analyses. The warm hospitality of the Hamilton Kerr Institute is also gratefully acknowledged. The Esmee Fairbairn Collections Fund and Cambridge University's Returning Carers Scheme provided funding for part of this research. SL and KJ acknowledge support from project METOX (contract BR/165/A6/MetOx), BELSPO, Brussels. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.034 |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:151563 |
Serial |
5749 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Tarakanov, P.A.; Tarakanova, E.N.; Dorovatovskii, P.V.; Zubavichus, Y.V.; Khrustalev, V.N.; Trashin, S.A.; De Wael, K.; Neganova, M.E.; Mischenko, D.V.; Sessler, J.L.; Stuzhin, P.A.; Pushkarev, V.E.; Tomilova, L.G. |
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Title |
Optical readout of controlled monomer-dimer self-assembly |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Journal of the Chemical Society : Dalton transactions |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
47 |
Issue |
40 |
Pages |
14169-14173 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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| |
Abstract |
5,7-Substituted 1,4-diazepinoporphyrazine magnesium(II) complexes were synthesized via Mg(II)-alkoxide templated macrocyclization. A single crystal growth synchrotron diffraction analysis permitted what is to our knowledge the first structural characterization of a 1,4-diazepinoporphyrazine. It exists as a dimer in the solid state. In silico calculations supported by solution phase spectral studies involving a series of representative derivatives, provided insights into the factors governing dimerization of 1,4-diazepinoporphyrazines. The present 1,4-diazepinoporphyrazines serve as useful probes for understanding the determinants that guide dimermonomer equilibria and the self-assembly of phthalocyanine derivatives. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000447708900005 |
Publication Date |
2018-04-10 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0300-9246; 1477-9226; 1472-7773 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
4 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; We thank Dr Alexander V. Chernyak for recording the NMR spectra. Synthetic and optical spectroscopic studies in this work were supported by the RSF (Grant 17-73-10413). NMR studies were supported by the Council under the President of the Russian Federation for State Support of Young Scientists and Leading Scientific Schools (Grant MD-2991.2017.3). SR-XRD studies were supported by the RUDN University Program “5-100”. We also acknowledge support of electrochemical, in vitro and in vivo studies by the State Assignment (Theme 45.5 Creation of compounds with given physicochemical properties) and the facilities provided by the Center of Collective Use of IPAC RAS (Chernogolovka, Russia). Single-crystal X-ray measurements have been performed at the unique scientific facility Kurchatov Synchrotron Radiation Source supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (project code RFMEFI61917X0007). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:151294 |
Serial |
5755 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Miliani, C.; Monico, L.; Melo, M.J.; Fantacci, S.; Angelin, E.M.; Romani, A.; Janssens, K. |
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Title |
Photochemistry of Artists' Dyes and Pigments : towards better understanding and prevention of colour change in works of art |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English |
Abbreviated Journal |
Angew Chem Int Edit |
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| |
Volume |
57 |
Issue |
25 |
Pages |
7324-7334 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
The absorption of light gives a pigment its colour and its reason for being, but it also creates excited states, that is, new molecules with an energy excess that can be dissipated through degradation pathways. Photodegradation processes provoke long-term, cumulative and irreversible colour changes (fading, darkening, blanching) of which the prediction and prevention are challenging tasks. Of all the environmental risks that affect heritage materials, light exposure is the only one that cannot be controlled without any impact on the optimal display of the exhibit. Light-induced alterations are not only associated with the pigment itself but also with its interactions with support/binder and, in turn, are further complicated by the nature of the environmental conditions. In this Minireview we investigate how chemistry, encompassing multi-scale analytical investigations of works of art, computational modelling and physical and chemical studies contributes to improve our prediction of artwork appearance before degradation and to establish effective preventive conservation strategies. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000434949200006 |
Publication Date |
2018-04-26 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1433-7851; 0570-0833 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
11.994 |
Times cited |
10 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; We acknowledge: ACS and APS for the permission to adapt Figure 1c,d; RSC to adapt Figures 1e, 3c,d and 4a; Wiley and IUCr to adapt Figures 3b and 4b-d; for the detail of a Andean textile in Figure 5, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, USA; for the illuminated initial in Figure 6, Torre do Tombo (ANTT). Financial support from the H2020 project IPERION-CH (GA. 654028) is gratefully acknowledged. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 11.994 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:153184 |
Serial |
5769 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Florea, A.; Cowen, T.; Piletsky, S.; De Wael, K. |
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Title |
Polymer platforms for selective detection of cocaine in street samples adulterated with levamisole |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Talanta : the international journal of pure and applied analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Talanta |
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Volume |
186 |
Issue |
186 |
Pages |
362-367 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Accurate drug detection is of utmost importance for fighting against drug abuse. With a high number of cutting agents and adulterants being added to cut or mask drugs in street powders the number of false results is increasing. We demonstrate for the first time the usefulness of employing polymers readily synthesized by electrodeposition to selectively detect cocaine in the presence of the commonly used adulterant levamisole. The polymers were selected by computational modelling to exhibit high binding affinity towards cocaine and deposited directly on the surface of graphene-modified electrodes via electropolymerization. The resulting platforms allowed a distinct electrochemical signal for cocaine, which is otherwise suppressed by levamisole. Square wave voltammetry was used to quantify cocaine alone and in the presence of levamisole. The usefulness of the platforms was demonstrated in the screening of real street samples. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
000435048800049 |
Publication Date |
2018-04-25 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0039-9140; 1873-3573 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
4.162 |
Times cited |
9 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement no. 753223 Narcoreader. This work was also supported by IOF-SBO (UAntwerp). The authors thank Gert Nuyts for the help with SEM analyses. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.162 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:151250 |
Serial |
5777 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Alvarez-Martin, A.; Janssens, K. |
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Title |
Protecting and stimulating effect on the degradation of eosin lakes. Part 1 : lead white and cobalt blue |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Microchemical journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Microchem J |
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Volume |
141 |
Issue |
141 |
Pages |
51-63 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
An important problem encountered during the preservation of paintings and other artworks is the fading of the original colors due to exposure of the colorants to light. This fact is clearly evidenced in some of Vincent Van Gogh's paintings in which an organic red, eosin or geranium lake, is present. The identification of eosin and the characterization of its degradation products in paintings represents a challenge because of (i) the generally low concentration of the pigment remaining after an aging period of ca 100 years, (ii) the scarcity of the paint micro samples available for analysis and the difficulty of obtaining additional ones and (iii) the complexity of the degradation behavior of eosin when it is mixed with organic or inorganic pigments, binding media or varnish. This study presents an accelerated aging experiment of eosin paint models in order to understand better the discoloration process; more specifically the influence of different metals with which eosin forms complexes and of the presence of admixture pigments such as lead white and cobalt blue on the lightfastness of eosin is evaluated. Paint model samples were prepared using eosin, lead white, and cobalt blue in different mixing ratios and were characterized with several techniques before and after aging. The possible formation of intermediate molecular forms during the aging experiment and the influence of pigment ratios on the discoloration process were monitored at periodic intervals using a combination of LTV Visible and attenuated total Reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopies. Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX) and optical microscopy (OM) analyses were performed to gain information about the discoloration processes taking place within the paint models. Eosin precipitated on lead, aluminum and potassium/aluminum salts was used. These three lakes showed similar discoloration rates under light exposure. In contrast, the presence and relative abundance of the admixture pigments lead white and cobalt blue had a significant influence on the (speed of the) eosin discoloration process. The presence of lead white and cobalt blue appears to stimulate the eosin degradation. However, the cobalt blue shows less influence in the discoloration process, showing a protective effect during the first stages of the aging. This may be qualitatively explained in terms of the ability of lead white to scatter light towards eosin molecules and the absorption characteristics of cobalt blue in the green range of the electromagnetic spectrum, shielding eosin from incoming light. The color changes observed in the paint reconstructions are similar to discoloration phenomena visible in some Van Gogh paintings and can offer an explanation of the gradual discoloration process that took place over the years. These insights will be helpful to estimate the original hues color used/intended by the artist. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
000439678200006 |
Publication Date |
2018-05-07 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0026-265x; 0026-265x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.034 |
Times cited |
3 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The authors sincerely acknowledged Dr. Costanza Miliani for sharing information about the synthesis of geranium lake. The authors also acknowledged Dr. Geert van der Snickt and Gert Nuyts for the help with the aging experiments and for carrying out the SEM-EDX measurements respectively. The authors would like to acknowledge the SolarPaint project (GOA programme, Antwerp University Research Council) for financial support. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.034 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:153087 |
Serial |
5788 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Monico, L.; Chieli, A.; De Meyer, S.; Cotte, M.; de Nolf, W.; Falkenberg, G.; Janssens, K.; Romani, A.; Miliani, C. |
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Title |
Role of the relative humidity and the Cd/Zn stoichiometry in the photooxidation process of cadmium yellows (CdS/Cd1-xZnxS) in oil paintings |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Chemistry: a European journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem-Eur J |
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Volume |
24 |
Issue |
45 |
Pages |
11584-11593 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Cadmium yellows (CdYs) refer to a family of cadmium sulfide pigments, which have been widely used by artists since the late 19th century. Despite being considered stable, they are suffering from discoloration in iconic paintings, such as Joy of Life by Matisse, Flowers in a blue vase by Van Gogh, and The Scream by Munch, most likely due to the formation of CdSO4 center dot nH(2)O. The driving factors of the CdYs degradation and how these affect the overall process are still unknown. Here, we study a series of oil mock-up paints made of CdYs of different stoichiometry (CdS/Cd0.76Zn0.24S) and crystalline structure (hexagonal/ cubic) before and after aging at variable relative humidity under exposure to light and in darkness. Synchrotron radiation-based X-ray methods combined with UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopy show that: 1) Cd0.76Zn0.24S is more susceptible to photooxidation than CdS; both compounds can act as photocatalysts for the oil oxidation. 2) The photooxidation of CdS/Cd0.76Zn0.24S to CdSO4 center dot nH(2)O is triggered by moisture. 3) The nature of alteration products depends on the aging conditions and the Cd/Zn stoichiometry. Based on our findings, we propose a scheme for the mechanism of the photocorrosion process and the photocatalytic activity of CdY pigments in the oil binder. Overall, our results form a reliable basis for understanding the degradation of CdS-based paints in artworks and contribute towards developing better ways of preserving them for future generations. |
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Corporate Author |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
000441126900012 |
Publication Date |
2018-06-06 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0947-6539 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
5.317 |
Times cited |
5 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The research was financially supported by the European research project IPERION-CH, funded by the European Commission, H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015 (Grant agreement n. 654028) and by the BOF-GOA Project SOLARPaint (University of Antwerp Research Council). For the beamtime grants received, we thank the ESRF (experiments n. HG64, HG95 and in-house beamtimes) and PETRA III-DESY (experiments: I-20130221 EC, I-20160126 EC). We are also grateful to Dr. Jan Garrevoet for his contribution to set up the P06-beamline at PETRA III-DESY. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 5.317 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:153733 |
Serial |
5821 |
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Author |
De Jong, M.; Florea, A.; Eliaerts, J.; Van Durme, F.; Samyn, N.; De Wael, K. |
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Title |
Tackling poor specificity of cocaine color tests by electrochemical strategies |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
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Volume |
90 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
6811-6819 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
This paper presents electrochemical strategies for the fast screening of cocaine and most common cutting agents found in seized drug samples. First, a study on the performance of Scott color tests on cocaine and a wide range of cutting agents is described. The cutting agents causing false positive or false negative results when in mixture with cocaine are identified. To overcome the lack of specificity of color tests, we further propose a fast screening strategy by means of square wave voltammetry on disposable graphite screen printed electrodes, which reveals the unique fingerprint of cocaine and cutting agents. By employing a forward and backward scan and by a dual pH strategy, we enrich the electrochemical fingerprint and enable the simultaneous detection of cocaine and cutting agents. The effectiveness of the developed strategies was tested for the detection of cocaine in seized cocaine samples and compared with the color tests. Moreover, we prove the usefulness of square wave voltammetry for predicting possible interfering agents in color tests, based on the reduction peak of cobalt thiocyanate. The developed electrochemical strategies allow for a quick screening of seized cocaine samples resulting in a selective identification of drugs and cutting agents. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
000434893200066 |
Publication Date |
2018-05-09 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0003-2700; 5206-882x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.32 |
Times cited |
7 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 753223 Narcoreader. This work was also supported by Grants BR/314 /PI/APTADRU and IOF-SBO. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.32 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:151316 |
Serial |
5867 |
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Author |
Sathiyamoorthy, S.; Girijakumari, G.; Kannan, P.; Venugopal, K.; Thiruvottriyur Shanmugam, S.; Veluswamy, P.; De Wael, K.; Ikeda, H. |
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Title |
Tailoring the functional properties of polyurethane foam with dispersions of carbon nanofiber for power generator applications |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Applied surface science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl Surf Sci |
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Volume |
449 |
Issue |
449 |
Pages |
507-513 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
To produce effective thermoelectric nanocomposites, carbon nanofibers (CNF) incorporated polyurethane (PU) foams with nanocomposites are prepared via in-situ polymerization method to create a synergy that would produce a high thermopower. The formation mechanism of foams, the reaction kinetics, and the physical properties such as density and water absorption studied before and after CNF incorporation. The microscopy images showed a uniform dispersion of CNF in the PU matrix of the prepared foams. Spectroscopic studies such as X-ray photoelectron and laser Raman spectroscopy suggested the existence of a tight intermolecular binding interaction between the carbon nanofibers and the PU matrix in the prepared composite foams. It found that the thermopower is directly dependent on the concentration of carbon nanofiber since, with rising concentration of 1%3%, the coefficient values increased from 1.2 μV/K to 11.9 μV/K respectively, a value higher than that of earlier report. This unique nanocomposite offers a new opportunity to recycle waste heat in portable/wearable electronics and other applications, which will broaden the development of low weight and mechanical flexibility. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
000438025400064 |
Publication Date |
2018-02-06 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0169-4332 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.387 |
Times cited |
4 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.387 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:151287 |
Serial |
5868 |
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Author |
Kuckova, S.; Hamidi-Asl, E.; Matulkova, I.; Hynek, R.; De Wael, K.; Sanyova, J.; Janssens, K. |
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Title |
Technoques and applications of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy (SERSS) focused on cultural heritage |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Chemické listy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Listy |
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Volume |
112 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
312-316 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
The review is devoted to a modern method of vibrational spectroscopy – surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy Its principle and some of its special variants (imunnoSERS and TERS (Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy)) are described m a simpinified manner Wide application possibilities are demonstrated on selected examples from its application m culturinl heritage. |
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Corporate Author |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0009-2770; 1213-7103 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record |
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Impact Factor |
0.387 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 0.387 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:151616 |
Serial |
5869 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Singh, B.R.; Timsina, Y.N.; Lind, O.C.; Cagno, S.; Janssens, K. |
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Title |
Zinc and iron concentration as affected by nitrogen fertilization and their localization in wheat grain |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Frontiers in plant science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Front Plant Sci |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Nearly half of the world cereal production comes from soils low or marginal in plant available zinc, leading to unsustainable and poor quality grain production. Therefore, the effects of nitrogen (N) rate and application time on zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) concentration in wheat grain were investigated. Wheat (Triticum aestivum var. Krabat) was grown in a growth chamber with 8 and 16 h of day and night periods, respectively. The N rates were 29, 43, and 57 mg N kg(-1) soil, equivalent to 80, 120, and 160 kg N ha(-1). Zinc and Fe were applied at 10 mg kg(-1) growth media. In one of the N treatments, additional Zn and Fe through foliar spray (6 mg of Zn or Fe in 10 ml water / pot) was applied. Micro-analytical localization of Zn and Fe within grain was performed using scanning macro-X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The following data were obtained: grain and straw yield pot 1, 1000 grains weight, number of grains pot 1, whole grain protein content, concentration of Zn and Fe in the grains. Grain yield increased from 80 to 120 kg N ha(-1) rates only and decreased at 160 kg N ha(-1) g. Relatively higher protein content and Zn and Fe concentration in the grain were recorded with the split N application of 160 kg N ha(-1). Soil and foliar supply of Zn and Fe (Zn + Fes+f), with a single application of 120 kg N ha(-1) N at sowing, increased the concentration of Zn by 46% and of Fe by 35%, as compared to their growth media application only. Line scans of freshly cut areas of sliced grains showed co-localization of Zn and Fe within germ, crease and aleurone. We thus conclude that split application of N at 160 kg ha(-1) at sowing and stem elongation, in combination with soil and foliar application of Zn and Fe, can be a good agricultural practice to enhance protein content and the Zn and Fe concentration in grain. |
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Wos |
000427034400002 |
Publication Date |
2018-03-09 |
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ISSN |
1664-462x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
4.298 |
Times cited |
8 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The research part of this master study was financed by the project “Mineral Improved Food and Feed Crops for Human and Animal Health” (Project No. 332160UA) and by a grant from the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs under the Program for Higher Education, Research and Development (HERD) in Western Balkan. The financial assistance for conducting this study is gratefully acknowledged. We also acknowledge the assistance by CERAD: this study has been funded by the Norwegian Research Council through its Centre of Excellence (CoE) funding scheme (Project No. 223268/F50). This research was supported by the Hercules Foundation (Brussels, Belgium) under grant AUHA09004 and FWO (Brussels, Belgium) Project Nos. G.0C12.13 and G.01769.09. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.298 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:149859 |
Serial |
5924 |
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Author |
Bottari, F.; Moretto, L.M.; Ugo, P. |
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Title |
Impedimetric sensing of the immuno-enzymatic reaction of gliadin with a collagen-modified electrode |
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A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Electrochemistry communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
97 |
Issue |
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Pages |
51-55 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
This paper presents a previously unexplored biosensing strategy for detecting gliadin which exploits the crosslinking of gliadin with collagen, catalyzed by transglutaminase at the interfacial electron transfer rate, on a modified electrode. The process is monitored by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy using a glassy carbon electrode coated with a collagen layer. To validate the specificity of the response as well as to eliminate possible interferences from other proteins, such as soy protein or casein, the captured gliadin is further reacted with a specific anti-gliadin antibody. Changes in charge transfer resistance, measured from the Nyquist plots, scale linearly with the gliadin concentration in the range 5-20 mg/L, a range suitable for testing the gliadin concentration in gluten-free food commodities. |
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000451326800011 |
Publication Date |
2018-10-10 |
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ISSN |
1388-2481; 1873-1902 |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:156285 |
Serial |
8067 |
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Author |
Ozen, S.A.; Ozkalayci, F.; Cevik, U.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Investigation of heavy metal distributions along 15m soil profiles using EDXRF, XRD, SEM-EDX, and ICP-MS techniques |
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A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
X-ray spectrometry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
47 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
231-241 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
The research of soil contamination by heavy metal is an important field due to its environmental and health implications. The goal was to study the elemental mobility as a function of depth. For this reason, the distribution of heavy metals (V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Sn, and Pb) was investigated along soil profiles up to a depth of 15m at 9 sampling sites in the Nilufer industrial district (Bursa, Turkey). Elemental analyses were done with the Epsilon 5 energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry equipment. Particle analysis was performed with a JEOL scanning electron microscope equipped with a Si(Li) X-ray detector. The crystallographic compositions of oxide compounds in soil samples were identified by a Rigaku X-ray diffraction instrument. Different parameters such as the soil's chemical (mineralogical structure, pH, and electrical conductivity) and physical properties (the number of blows, the stiffness index, the liquidity index, the plasticity index, and the water content) were analyzed. To assess the mobility of the heavy metals, diffusion (D) and convection coefficients (?) were calculated with the finite difference method. Convection was determined to dominate the studied region. In addition, the mobility coefficient was determined for each metal. High mobilities were determined for Zn and V, moderate mobilities for Cr, Ni, Cu, and As, and low mobilities were determined for Co and Pb. The results revealed that elements had reached depths of up to 15m, causing irreversible soil contamination that may lead to environmental health issues. |
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Wos |
000430188700005 |
Publication Date |
2018-03-09 |
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ISSN |
0049-8246 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:150722 |
Serial |
8123 |
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Author |
Pauwels, D.; Ching, H.Y.V.; Samanipour, M.; Neukermans, S.; Hereijgers, J.; Van Doorslaer, S.; De Wael, K.; Breugelmans, T. |
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Title |
Identifying intermediates in the reductive intramolecular cyclisation of allyl 2-bromobenzyl ether by an improved electron paramagnetic resonance spectroelectrochemical electrode design combined with density functional theory calculations |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Electrochimica acta |
Abbreviated Journal |
Electrochim Acta |
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Volume |
271 |
Issue |
271 |
Pages |
10-18 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT) |
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Abstract |
The electrochemical activation of C-X bonds requires very negative electrode potentials. Lowering the overpotentials and increasing the catalytic activity requires intensive electrocatalytic research. A profound understanding of the reaction mechanism and the influence of the electrocatalyst allows optimal tuning of the electrocatalyst. This can be achieved by combining electrochemical techniques with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Although this was introduced in the mid-twentieth century, the application of this combined approach in electrocatalytic research is underexploited. Several reasons can be listed, such as the limited availability of EPR instrumentation and electrochemical devices for such in situ experiments. In this work, a simple and inexpensive construction adapted for in situ EPR electrocatalytic research is proposed. The proof of concept is provided by studying a model reaction, namely the reductive cyclisation of allyl 2-bromobenzyl ether which has interesting industrial applications. |
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Wos |
000430369800002 |
Publication Date |
2018-03-20 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0013-4686 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
4.798 |
Times cited |
2 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The authors would like to thank Melissa Van Landeghem for her assistance with the experimental work and analysis of the data. Jonas Hereijgers greatly acknowledges the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) for support through a Post-Doctoral grant (12Q8817N). H.Y. Vincent Ching gratefully acknowledges the University of Antwerp for a Post-Doctoral grant. Sabine Van Doorslaer and Tom Breugelmans acknowledge the FWO for research funding (research grant G093317N). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.798 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:150463 |
Serial |
5652 |
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