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Author |
Rowenczyk, L.; Dazzi, A.; Deniset-Besseau, A.; Beltran, V.; Goudounèche, D.; Wong-Wah-Chung, P.; Boyron, O.; George, M.; Fabre, P.; Roux, C.; Mingotaud, A.F.; ter Halle, A. |
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Title |
Microstructure characterization of oceanic polyethylene debris |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year  |
2020 |
Publication |
Environmental Science & Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environ Sci Technol |
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Volume |
54 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
4102-4109 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Plastic pollution has become a worldwide concern. It was demonstrated that plastic breaks down to nanoscale particles in the environment, forming so-called nanoplastics. It is important to understand their ecological impact, but their structure is not elucidated. In this original work, we characterize the microstructure of oceanic polyethylene debris and compare it to the nonweathered objects. Cross sections are analyzed by several emergent mapping techniques. We highlight deep modifications of the debris within a layer a few hundred micrometers thick. The most intense modifications are macromolecule oxidation and a considerable decrease in the molecular weight. The adsorption of organic pollutants and trace metals is also confined to this outer layer. Fragmentation of the oxidized layer of the plastic debris is the most likely source of nanoplastics. Consequently the nanoplastic chemical nature differs greatly from plastics. |
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Wos |
000526418000041 |
Publication Date |
2020-03-09 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0013-936x; 1520-5851 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
11.4 |
Times cited |
3 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; Foundation and The French National Reaserch Program for Environmental and Occupational Health of Anses (EST/2017/1/219). We thank the 7th Continent Expedition Association, as well as the staff and crew, for the sea sampling campaign. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 11.4; 2020 IF: 6.198 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:172890 |
Serial |
6560 |
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Author |
Geerlings, N.M.J.; Karman, C.; Trashin, S.; As, K.S.; Kienhuis, M.V.M.; Hidalgo-Martinez, S.; Vasquez-Cardenas, D.; Boschker, H.T.S.; De Wael, K.; Middelburg, J.J.; Polerecky, L.; Meysman, F.J.R. |
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Title |
Division of labor and growth during electrical cooperation in multicellular cable bacteria |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America |
Abbreviated Journal |
P Natl Acad Sci Usa |
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Volume |
117 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
5478-5485 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Multicellularity is a key evolutionary innovation, leading to coordinated activity and resource sharing among cells, which generally occurs via the physical exchange of chemical compounds. However, filamentous cable bacteria display a unique metabolism in which redox transformations in distant cells are coupled via long-distance electron transport rather than an exchange of chemicals. This challenges our understanding of organismal functioning, as the link among electron transfer, metabolism, energy conservation, and filament growth in cable bacteria remains enigmatic. Here, we show that cells within individual filaments of cable bacteria display a remarkable dichotomy in biosynthesis that coincides with redox zonation. Nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry combined with 13 C (bicarbonate and propionate) and 15 N-ammonia isotope labeling reveals that cells performing sulfide oxidation in deeper anoxic horizons have a high assimilation rate, whereas cells performing oxygen reduction in the oxic zone show very little or no label uptake. Accordingly, oxygen reduction appears to merely function as a mechanism to quickly dispense of electrons with little to no energy conservation, while biosynthesis and growth are restricted to sulfide-respiring cells. Still, cells can immediately switch roles when redox conditions change, and show no differentiation, which suggests that the “community service” performed by the cells in the oxic zone is only temporary. Overall, our data reveal a division of labor and electrical cooperation among cells that has not been seen previously in multicellular organisms. |
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Wos |
000519530400054 |
Publication Date |
2020-02-25 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0027-8424; 1091-6490 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
11.1 |
Times cited |
6 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; We thank Arnold van Dijk for helping with the GasBench isotope ratio mass spectrometry analysis. N.M.J.G. is the recipient of a Ph.D. scholarship for teachers from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) in the Netherlands (grant 023.005.049). K.S.A. received financial support from the Olaf Schuiling fund. F.J.R.M. was financially supported by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) via grant G043119N, and the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (VICI grant 016.VICI.170.072). J.J.M. was supported by the Ministry of Education via the Netherlands Earth System Science Centre. The NanoSIMS facility was partly supported by an NWO large infrastructure subsidy to J.J.M. (175.010.2009.011). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 11.1; 2020 IF: 9.661 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:166452 |
Serial |
6487 |
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Author |
Ravindra, K.; Dirtu, A.C.; Mor, S.; Wauters, E.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Source apportionment and seasonal variation in particulate PAHs levels at a coastal site in Belgium |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Environmental Science And Pollution Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environ Sci Pollut R |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
In the present study, estimation of the atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was done in particulate samples collected from De Haan, Belgium, during different seasons. The sampling site was situated very close to the north sea and far from the influence of local or industrial activities. The levels of PAHs depicted a distinct seasonal trend, being highest during the spring season. The observations of the study indicated a mean value of 2.6 ng m(-3) for concentration of all the 16 US EPA PAHs, thus being significantly lower when compared to results of previous studies focused on other sites. The dominating PAHs species reported were naphthalene, fluoranthene, benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, and indeno[1,2,3c,d] pyrene. Assessment of the seasonal variation of the PAH levels was also done with respect to diagnostic ratio-based source identification, analysis of back trajectories, and principle component analysis. Burning of fossil fuels was observed to be the prominent source of atmospheric PAHs in the study area. Further, lifetime cancer risk assessment was performed to assess the detrimental health impacts on humans on being exposed to atmospheric PAHs. Particulate PAHs present in the ambient air of Belgium shows no carcinogenic health impacts. However, considering the industrial expansion in the region, efforts are required to prevent the environmental contamination of PAHs. |
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Wos |
000516395800002 |
Publication Date |
2020-02-15 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0944-1344; 1614-7499 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
5.8 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 5.8; 2020 IF: 2.741 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:167778 |
Serial |
6606 |
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Author |
Newsome, G.A.; Kavich, G.; Alvarez-Martin, A. |
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Title |
Interface for reproducible, multishot direct analysis of solid-phase microextraction samples |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Analytical Chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
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Volume |
92 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
4182-4186 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
An enclosed interface that joins a direct analysis in real time (DART) probe, solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber, and the inlet of a high-resolution mass spectrometer is described. Unlike other systems to couple SPME sampling to ambient mass spectrometry, the interface is able to perform discrete analyses on different areas of a single SPME fiber device for up to three technical replicate measurements of one sampling event. Inlet flow speed and desorption temperature are optimized, and reproducibility is demonstrated between replicate analyses on the same derivatized SPME fiber and with sequential fiber sampling events, yielding analyte measurement center of variance (CV) from 3 to 6%. Conditioning is also performed with the enclosed DART. The interface is a straightforward addition to commercially available technologies, and machine diagrams for custom components operated with SPME/DART/MS equipment are included. |
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Wos |
000526563900004 |
Publication Date |
2020-02-07 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0003-2700; 5206-882x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
7.4 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 7.4; 2020 IF: 6.32 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:181926 |
Serial |
8113 |
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Author |
Alvarez-Martin, A.; McHugh, K.; Martin, C.; Kavich, G.; Kaczkowski, R. |
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Title |
Understanding air-tight case environments at the National Museum of the American Indian (Smithsonian Institution) by SPME-GC-MS analysis |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal Of Cultural Heritage |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Cult Herit |
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Volume |
44 |
Issue |
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Pages |
38-46 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Art; History; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Some volatile organic compounds (VOCs), generated and accumulated in exhibition cases, are capable of inducing degradation in historical artifacts. In this context, it is of special importance to distinguish between VOCs emitted by the construction materials and/or the historical objects, with the ultimate goal of proposing an appropriate mitigation strategy. To pursue this goal, a comprehensive analysis based on solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been optimized. The sampling setup used in this study does not require any modification of the exhibition design, and the testing remained nearly invisible and unobtrusive to museum visitors. This methodology has been applied to an issue encountered at the National Museum of the American Indian (Smithsonian Institution), where an unpleasant smell was detected in airtight exhibition cases already on display containing sensitive historical objects. The analysis of the volatiles emitted by construction materials allowed for identification of characteristic markers emitted by each material, and the ability to identify their overall contribution in the exhibition case. Via this method, SPME-GC-MS confirmed via the detection of some specific markers that the unpleasant smell was released by one of the construction materials and had accumulated in the exhibition case. In addition, due to the measurements taken in different positions around the exhibition cases, results were useful to point out the range of efficiency of the sorbent material placed in some of the exhibition cases as a first attempt of mitigation technique. (C) 2020 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. |
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Wos |
000560473700004 |
Publication Date |
2020-02-06 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1296-2074 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.1 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.1; 2020 IF: 1.838 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:181927 |
Serial |
8706 |
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Author |
Rahemi, V.; Trashin, S.; Hafideddine, Z.; Van Doorslaer, S.; Meynen, V.; Gorton, L.; De Wael, K. |
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Title |
Amperometric flow-injection analysis of phenols induced by reactive oxygen species generated under daylight irradiation of titania impregnated with horseradish peroxidase |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Analytical Chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
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Volume |
92 |
Issue |
92 |
Pages |
3643-3649 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a unique material for biosensing applications due to its capability of hosting enzymes. For the first time, we show that TiO2 can accumulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) under daylight irradiation and can support the catalytic cycle of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) without the need of H2O2 to be present in the solution. Phenolic compounds, such as hydroquinone (HQ) and 4-aminophenol (4-AP), were detected amperometrically in flow-injection analysis (FIA) mode via the use of an electrode modified with TiO2 impregnated with HRP. In contrast to the conventional detection scheme, no H2O2 was added to the analyte solution. Basically, the inherited ability of TiO2 to generate reactive oxygen species is used as a strategy to avoid adding H2O2 in the solution during the detection of phenolic compounds. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy indicates the presence of ROS on titania which, in interaction with HRP, initiate the electrocatalysis toward phenolic compounds. The amperometric response to 4-AP was linear in the concentration range between 0.05 and 2 μM. The sensitivity was 0.51 A M–1 cm–2, and the limit of detection (LOD) 26 nM. The proposed sensor design opens new opportunities for the detection of phenolic traces by HRP-based electrochemical biosensors, yet in a more straightforward and sensitive way following green chemistry principles of avoiding the use of reactive and harmful chemical, such as H2O2. |
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Wos |
000518234700023 |
Publication Date |
2020-01-27 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0003-2700; 5206-882x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
7.4 |
Times cited |
3 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The authors thank Scientific Reseatch-Flanders (F-WO) (grant 12T4219N) for funding. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 7.4; 2020 IF: 6.32 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:166241 |
Serial |
5463 |
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Author |
Khan, S.U.; Trashin, S.A.; Korostei, Y.S.; Dubinina, T.V.; Tomilova, L.G.; Verbruggen, S.W.; De Wael, K. |
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Title |
Photoelectrochemistry for measuring the photocatalytic activity of soluble photosensitizers |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ChemPhotoChem |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
4 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
300-306 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
We introduce a rapid method to test the photocatalytic activity of singlet‐oxygen‐producing photosensitizers using a batch cell, a LED laser and a conventional potentiostat. The strategy is based on coupling of photo‐oxidation of hydroquinone and simultaneous electrochemical reduction of its oxidized form at a carbon electrode in an organic solvent (methanol). This scheme gives an immediate response and avoids complications related to long‐term experiments such as oxidative photo‐degradation of photosensitizers and singlet oxygen traps by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Among the tested compounds, a fluoro‐substituted subphthalocyanine showed the highest photocurrent and singlet oxygen quantum yield (ΦΔ) in comparison to phenoxy‐ and tert‐butyl‐substituted analogues, whereas the lowest photocurrents and yields were observed for aggregated and dimeric phthalocyanine complexes. The method is useful for fast screening of the photosensitizing activity and represents the first example of one‐pot coupling of electrochemical and photocatalytic reactions in organic media. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
000520100400001 |
Publication Date |
2020-01-25 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2367-0932 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.7 |
Times cited |
1 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; We gratefully acknowledge the financial support by ERA.Net RUS Plus Plasmon Electrolight project (No. 18-53-76006 ERA) and RSF 17-13-01197. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.7; 2020 IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:165912 |
Serial |
5771 |
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Author |
Blay, V.; Galian, R.E.; Muresan, L.M.; Pancratov, D.; Pinyou, P.; Zampardi, G. |
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Title |
Research frontiers in energy-related materials and applications for 2020-2030 |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Advanced sustainable systems |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
4 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
1900145 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
This article delineates the state of the art for several materials used in the harvest, conversion, and storage of energy, and analyzes the challenges to be overcome in the decade ahead for them to reach the market and benefit society. The materials covered have had a special interest in recent years and include perovskites, materials for batteries and supercapacitors, graphene, and materials for hydrogen production and storage. Looking at the common challenges for these different systems, scientists in basic research should carefully consider commercial requirements when designing new materials. These include cost and ease of synthesis, abundance of precursors, recyclability of spent devices, toxicity, and stability. Improvements in these areas deserve more attention, as they can help bridge the gap for these technologies and facilitate the creation of partnerships between academia and industry. These improvements should be pursued in parallel with the design of novel compositions, nanostructures, and devices, which have led most interest during the past decade. Research groups are encouraged to adopt a cross-disciplinary mindset, which may allow more efficient use of existing knowledge and facilitate breakthrough innovation in both basic and applied research of energy-related materials. |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
000509006700001 |
Publication Date |
2020-01-24 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2366-7486 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
7.1 |
Times cited |
2 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 7.1; 2020 IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:166561 |
Serial |
6595 |
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Author |
Liu, Y.; Cánovas, R.; Crespo, G.A.; Cuartero, M. |
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Title |
Thin-layer potentiometry for creatinine detection in undiluted human urine using ion-exchange membranes as barriers for charged interferences |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Analytical Chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
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Volume |
92 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
3315-3323 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Herein, thin-layer potentiometry combined with ion-exchange membranes as barriers for charged interferences is demonstrated for the analytical detection of creatinine (CRE) in undiluted human urine. Briefly, CRE diffuses through an anion-exchange membrane (AEM) from a sample contained in one fluidic compartment to a second reservoir, containing the enzyme CRE deiminase. There, CRE reacts with the enzyme, and the formation of ammonium is dynamically monitored by potentiometric ammonium-selective electrodes. This analytical concept is integrated into a lab-on-a-chip microfluidic cell that allows for a high sample throughput and the operation under stop-flow mode, which allows CRE to passively diffuse across the AEM. Conveniently, positively charged species (i.e., potassium, sodium, and ammonium, among others) are repelled by the AEM and never reach the ammonium-selective electrodes; thus, possible interference in the response can be avoided. As a result, the dynamic potential response of the electrodes is entirely ascribed to the stoichiometric formation of ammonium. The new CRE biosensor exhibits a Nernstian slope, within a linear range of response from 1 to 50 mM CRE concentration. As expected, the response time (15–60 min) primarily depends on the CRE diffusion across the AEM. CRE analysis in urine samples displayed excellent results, without requiring sample pretreatment (before the introduction of the sample in the microfluidic chip) and with high compatibility with development into a potential point-of-care clinical tool. In an attempt to decrease the analysis time, the presented analytical methodology for CRE detection is translated into an all-solid-state platform, in which the enzyme is immobilized on the surface of the ammonium-selective electrode and with the AEM on top. While more work is necessary in this direction, the CRE sensor appears to be promising for CRE analysis in both urine and blood. |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
2020-01-23 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0003-2700; 5206-882x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
7.4 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 7.4; 2020 IF: 6.32 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:184380 |
Serial |
8667 |
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Author |
Dooley, K.A.; Chieli, A.; Romani, A.; Legrand, S.; Miliani, C.; Janssens, K.; Delaney, J.K. |
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Title |
Molecular fluorescence imaging spectroscopy for mapping low concentrations of red lake pigments : Van Gogh's painting The Olive Orchard |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Angewandte Chemie-International Edition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Angew Chem Int Edit |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Vincent van Gogh used fugitive red lake pigments that have faded in some paintings. Mapping their distribution is key to understanding how his paintings have changed with time. While red lake pigments can be identified from microsamples, in situ identification and mapping remain challenging. This paper explores the ability of molecular fluorescence imaging spectroscopy to identify and, more importantly, map residual non-degraded red lakes. The high sensitivity of this method enabled identification of the emission spectra of eosin (tetrabromine fluorescein) lake mixed with lead or zinc white at lower concentrations than elemental X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy used on account of bromine. The molecular fluorescence mapping of residual eosin and two carmine red lakes in van Gogh's The Olive Orchard is demonstrated and compared with XRF imaging spectroscopy. The red lakes are consistent with the composition of paint tubes known to have been used by van Gogh. |
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Wos |
000512477200001 |
Publication Date |
2020-01-21 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1433-7851; 0570-0833 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
16.6 |
Times cited |
2 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; We thank Damon Conover and Roxanne Radpour for help with the fluorescence self-absorption correction, and Ella Hendricks for discussions about van Gogh~s letters and materials. K.J. and S.L. thank the Research Council of the University of Antwerp for financial support (ID grant 25805 to S.L. and GOA project SolarPaint). Also FWO, Brussels provided financial support (grants G056619N and G054719N). The European research project IPERION-CH, funded by the European Commission, H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015 (Grant agreement n. 654028) is also acknowledged. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 16.6; 2020 IF: 11.994 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:166490 |
Serial |
6563 |
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Author |
Peeters, H.; Keulemans, M.; Nuyts, G.; Vanmeert, F.; Li, C.; Minjauw, M.; Detavernier, C.; Bals, S.; Lenaerts, S.; Verbruggen, S.W. |
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Title |
Plasmonic gold-embedded TiO2 thin films as photocatalytic self-cleaning coatings |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Applied Catalysis B-Environmental |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl Catal B-Environ |
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| |
Volume |
267 |
Issue |
267 |
Pages |
118654 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Transparent photocatalytic TiO2 thin films hold great potential in the development of self-cleaning glass sur-
faces, but suffer from a poor visible light response that hinders the application under actual sunlight. To alleviate this problem, the photocatalytic film can be modified with plasmonic nanoparticles that interact very effectively with visible light. Since the plasmonic effect is strongly concentrated in the near surroundings of the nano- particle surface, an approach is presented to embed the plasmonic nanostructures in the TiO2 matrix itself, rather than deposit them loosely on the surface. This way the interaction interface is maximised and the plasmonic effect can be fully exploited. In this study, pre-fabricated gold nanoparticles are made compatible with the organic medium of a TiO2 sol-gel coating suspension, resulting in a one-pot coating suspension. After spin coating, homogeneous, smooth, highly transparent and photoactive gold-embedded anatase thin films are ob- tained. |
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Wos |
000518865300002 |
Publication Date |
2020-01-18 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0926-3373 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
22.1 |
Times cited |
57 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
H.P. is grateful to the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) for an aspirant PhD scholarship. |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 22.1; 2020 IF: 9.446 |
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Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @c:irua:165616 |
Serial |
5446 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Rutten, I.; Daems, D.; Lammertyn, J. |
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Title |
Boosting biomolecular interactions through DNA origami nano-tailored biosensing interfaces |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal Of Materials Chemistry B |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Mater Chem B |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
16 |
Pages |
3606-3615 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
The interaction between a bioreceptor and its target is key in developing sensitive, specific and robust diagnostic devices. Suboptimal interbioreceptor distances and bioreceptor orientation on the sensor surface, resulting from uncontrolled deposition, impede biomolecular interactions and lead to a decreased biosensor performance. In this work, we studied and implemented a 3D DNA origami design, for the first time comprised of assay specifically tailored anchoring points for the nanostructuring of the bioreceptor layer on the surface of disc-shaped microparticles in the continuous microfluidic environment of the innovative EvalutionTM platform. This bioreceptor immobilization strategy resulted in the formation of a less densely packed surface with reduced steric hindrance and favoured upward orientation. This increased bioreceptor accessibility led to a 4-fold enhanced binding kinetics and a 6-fold increase in binding efficiency compared to a directly immobilized non-DNA origami reference system. Moreover, the DNA origami nanotailored biosensing concept outperformed traditional aptamer coupling with respect to limit of detection (11 × improved) and signal-to-noise ratio (2.5 × improved) in an aptamer-based sandwich bioassay. In conclusion, our results highlight the potential of these DNA origami nanotailored surfaces to improve biomolecular interactions at the sensing surface, thereby increasing the overall performance of biosensing devices. The combination of the intrinsic advantages of DNA origami together with a smart design enables bottom-up nanoscale engineering of the sensor surface, leading towards the next generation of improved diagnostic sensing devices. |
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Corporate Author |
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Wos |
000548186500032 |
Publication Date |
2020-01-09 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2050-750x; 2050-7518 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
7 |
Times cited |
2 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; We gratefully acknowledge financial support from Fund for Scientific Research (FWO, FWO-Flanders Doctoral grant Iene Rutten 1S30016N and FWO-Flanders Postdoctoral Fellow Devin Daems 12U1618N). We kindly thank MyCartis for access to their EvalutionTM platform, microparticle supplies and technical support. We would also like to thank Steven De Feyter and Joan Teyssandier (Molecular imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Belgium) for providing the AFM facilities and technical support. We thank Peter Vangheluwe (Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven) for access to their gel imaging system, Typhoon FLA 9000. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 7; 2020 IF: 4.543 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:166104 |
Serial |
6462 |
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Author |
Anaf, W.; Cabal, A.; Robbe, M.; Schalm, O. |
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Title |
Real-time wood behaviour : the use of strain gauges for preventive conservation applications |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Sensors |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
20 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
305 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES) |
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Abstract |
Within the heritage field, the application of strain gauges on wood surfaces is a little-explored but inexpensive and effective method to analyse the environmental appropriateness of rooms for the wooden heritage collections they contain. This contribution proposes a wood sensor connected to a data logger to identify short moments with an elevated risk of harm. Two experiments were performed to obtain insights pertaining to the applicability of wood sensors to evaluate preservation conditions. (1) The representativeness of strain gauges on dummies was tested for their use in evaluating the preservation conditions of a range of wooden objects exposed to the same environment. For this, three situations were mimicked: a bare wood surface, a wood surface covered with a preparation layer, and a wood surface covered with a preparation and varnish layer. (2) The usability of strain gauges to monitor the wood behaviour in real-time measurements was tested with a monitoring campaign of almost two years in a church where a new heating system was installed. The results of both experiments are promising, and the authors encourage a broader application of strain gauges in the heritage field. |
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Wos |
000510493100305 |
Publication Date |
2020-01-06 |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
; This research was funded by the Belgian Federal Public Planning Service Science Policy (BELSPO) under project number BR/132/A6/AIRCHECQ. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:166595 |
Serial |
6592 |
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Author |
Ciftci, S.; Cánovas, R.; Neumann, F.; Paulraj, T.; Nilsson, M.; Crespo, G.A.; Madaboosi, N. |
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Title |
The sweet detection of rolling circle amplification : glucose-based electrochemical genosensor for the detection of viral nucleic acid |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Biosensors & Bioelectronics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biosens Bioelectron |
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Volume |
151 |
Issue |
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Pages |
112002-112008 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Herein, an isothermal padlock probe-based assay for the simple and portable detection of pathogens coupled with a glucose oxidase (GOx)-based electrochemical readout is reported. Infectious diseases remain a constant threat on a global scale, as in recurring pandemics. Rapid and portable diagnostics hold the promise to tackle the spreading of diseases and decentralising healthcare to point-of-care needs. Ebola, a hypervariable RNA virus causing fatalities of up to 90% for recent outbreaks in Africa, demands immediate attention for bedside diagnostics. The design of the demonstrated assay consists of a rolling circle amplification (RCA) technique, responsible for the generation of nucleic acid amplicons as RCA products (RCPs). The RCPs are generated on magnetic beads (MB) and subsequently, connected via streptavidin-biotin bonds to GOx. The enzymatic catalysis of glucose by the bound GOx allows for an indirect electrochemical measurement of the DNA target. The RCPs generated on the surface of the MB were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, and among other experimental conditions such as the type of buffer, temperature, concentration of GOx, sampling and measurement time were evaluated for the optimum electrochemical detection. Accordingly, 125 μg mL−1 of GOx with 5 mM glucose using phosphate buffer saline (PBS), monitored for 1 min were selected as the ideal conditions. Finally, we assessed the analytical performance of the biosensing strategy by using clinical samples of Ebola virus from patients. Overall, this work provides a proof-of-concept bioassay for simple and portable molecular diagnostics of emerging pathogens using electrochemical detection, especially in resource-limited settings. |
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Corporate Author |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
2019-12-30 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0956-5663 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
12.6 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 12.6; 2020 IF: 7.78 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:184379 |
Serial |
8630 |
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Author |
Muhammad, S.; Wuyts, K.; Nuyts, G.; De Wael, K.; Samson, R. |
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Title |
Characterization of epicuticular wax structures on leaves of urban plant species and its association with leaf wettability |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening |
Abbreviated Journal |
Urban For Urban Gree |
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Volume |
47 |
Issue |
47 |
Pages |
126557 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Epicuticular wax (EW) protects the plant’s integrity and acts as a barrier against biotic and abiotic stresses. The micro-structured three-dimensional EW’s and presence of leaf trichomes influence the wettability of a leaf surface. In this study, leaves of 96 perennial urban plant species were examined to determine an association between epicuticular wax structure (EWS) types and leaf wettability and investigate their seasonal variation. The EWS types were identified using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), while leaf wettability was analyzed by measuring the drop contact angle (DCA) on both the abaxial and the adaxial sides of leaves collected from a common garden in June and September 2016. Four distinct EWS types namely thin film, platelets, crusts, and tubules were observed on leaves of investigated plant species in both June and September. The EWS types varied significantly between functional plant types and plant families in both June and September. In June, the abaxial DCA ranged from 56° to 147°, and the adaxial DCA ranged from 56° to 136°. In September, the abaxial DCA ranged from 54° to 130°, and the adaxial DCA ranged from 51° to 125°. The effect of time, leaf side, and EWS type on leaf wettability were significant. Plant species which showed a change in EWS type or clustering from June to September did not show a more pronounced reduction in DCA compared to those species which exhibited a constant EWS type. Findings from our study illustrate that DCA is not a good indicator in determining the different EWS types due to overlapping DCA intervals between the identified EWS types. However, the identified EWS types remained fairly stable throughout the in-leaf season and do not require repeated measurements for characterization. |
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Wos |
000508389000028 |
Publication Date |
2019-12-05 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1618-8667 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.4 |
Times cited |
5 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The research was funded by the Ontario Student Assistance Program (OSAP # 15103399). The SEM equipment was funded by FWO/Hercules. The authors acknowledge the help of the ENdEMIC group involved in the upkeep of the experimental site. The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their critical comments and constructive suggestions in improving the quality of the article. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.4; 2020 IF: 2.113 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:164906 |
Serial |
5504 |
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Author |
Sciutto, G.; Legrand, S.; Catelli, E.; Prati, S.; Malegori, C.; Oliveri, P.; Janssens, K.; Mazzeo, R. |
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Title |
Macroscopic mid-FTIR mapping and clustering-based automated data-reduction : an advanced diagnostic tool for in situ investigations of artworks |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Talanta |
Abbreviated Journal |
Talanta |
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Volume |
209 |
Issue |
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Pages |
120575-120577 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
The present study describes a multivariate strategy that can be used for automatic on-site processing of reflection mode macro FTIR mapping (MA-rFTIR) data obtained during investigation of artworks. The chemometric strategy is based on the integration of principal component analysis (PCA) with a clustering approach in the space subtended by the three lowest-order principal components and allows to automatically identify the regions of interest (ROIs) of the area scanned and to extract the average FTIR spectra related to each ROI. Thanks to the automatic data management, in-field HSI (hyperspectral imaging)-based analyses may be performed even by staff lacking specific advanced chemometric expertise, as it is sometimes the case for conservation scientists or conservators with a scientific background. MA-rFTIR was only recently introduced in the conservation field and, in this work the technique was employed to characterize the surface of metallic artefacts. The analytical protocol was employed as part of a rapid procedure to evaluate the conservation state and the performance of cleaning methods on bronze objects. Both activities are commonly part of restoration campaigns of bronzes and require an on-site analytical procedure for efficient and effective diagnosis. The performance of the method was first evaluated on aged standard samples (bronzes with a layer of green basic copper hydroxysulphate, treated with different organic coatings) and then scrutinized in situ on areas of the 16th century Neptune fountain statue (Piazza del Nettuno, Bologna, Italy) by Gianbologna. |
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Wos |
000509632900088 |
Publication Date |
2019-11-19 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0039-9140; 1873-3573 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.1 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.1; 2020 IF: 4.162 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:166476 |
Serial |
6557 |
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Author |
Baez, J.F.; Compton, M.; Chahrati, S.; Cánovas, R.; Blondeau, P.; Andrade, F.J. |
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Title |
Controlling the mixed potential of polyelectrolyte-coated platinum electrodes for the potentiometric detection of hydrogen peroxide |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Analytica Chimica Acta |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chim Acta |
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Volume |
1097 |
Issue |
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Pages |
204-213 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
The use of a Pt electrode coated with a layer of Nafion has been described in previous works as an attractive way to perform the potentiometric detection of hydrogen peroxide. Despite of the attractive features of this approach, the nature of the non-Nernstian response of this system was not properly addressed. In this work, using a mixed potential model, the open circuit potential of the Pt electrode is shown to be under kinetic control of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). It is proposed that hydrogen peroxide acts as an oxygenated species that blocks free sites on the Pt surface, interfering with the ORR. Therefore, the effect of the polyelectrolyte coating can be understood in terms of the modulation of the factors that affects the kinetics of the ORR, such as an increase of the H+ concentration, minimization of the effect of the spectator species, etc. Because of the complexity and the lack of models that accurately describe systems with practical applications, this work is not intended to provide a mechanistic but rather a phenomenological view on problem. A general framework to understand the factors that affect the potentiometric response is provided. Experimental evidence showing that the use of polyelectrolyte coatings are a powerful way to control the mixed potential open new ways for the development of robust and simple potentiometric sensors. |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
2019-11-13 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0003-2670; 1873-4324 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
6.2 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.2; 2020 IF: 4.95 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:184381 |
Serial |
7731 |
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Author |
Castanheiro, A.; Hofman, J.; Nuyts, G.; Joosen, S.; Spassov, S.; Blust, R.; Lenaerts, S.; De Wael, K.; Samson, R. |
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Title |
Leaf accumulation of atmospheric dust : biomagnetic, morphological and elemental evaluation using SEM, ED-XRF and HR-ICP-MS |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Atmospheric Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Atmos Environ |
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Volume |
221 |
Issue |
221 |
Pages |
117082 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Atmospheric dust deposition on plants enables the collection of site-specific particulate matter (PM). Knowing the morphology and composition of PM aids in disclosing their emitting sources as well as the associated human health risk. Therefore, this study aimed for a leaf-level holistic analysis of dust accumulation on plant leaves. Plant species (ivy and strawberry) with distinct leaf macro- and micro-morphology were exposed during 3 months at a moderate road traffic site in Antwerp, Belgium. Leaves collected every three weeks were analyzed for their magnetic signature, morphology and elemental content, by a combination of techniques (biomagnetic analyses, ED-XRF, HR-ICP-MS, SEM). Dust accumulation on the leaves was observed both visually (SEM) and magnetically, while the metal enrichment was limited (only evident for Cr) and more variable over time. Temporal dynamics during the second half of the exposure period, due to precipitation events and reduction of atmospheric pollution input, were evidenced in our results (elements/magnetically/SEM). Ivy accumulated more dust than strawberry leaves and seemed less susceptible to wash-off, even though strawberry leaves contain trichomes and a rugged micromorphology, leaf traits considered to be important for capturing PM. The magnetic enrichment (in small-grained, SD/PSD magnetite particles), on the other hand, was not species-specific, indicating a common contributing source. Variations in pollution contributions, meteorological phenomena, leaf traits, particle deposition (and encapsulation) versus micronutrients depletion, are discussed in light of the conducted monitoring campaign. Although not completely elucidative, the complex, multifactorial process of leaf dust accumulation can better be understood through a combination of techniques. |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
000503097100001 |
Publication Date |
2019-11-03 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1352-2310 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
5 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
; The authors thank the Flemish Environment Agency (VMM) for their collaboration and air quality and meteorological data, and Karen Wuyts for the discussion about plant leaf characteristics. A.C. gratefully acknowledges the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) for her PhD fellowship (1S21418N). J.H. received a FWO postdoctoral fellowship grant (1214816N). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 5; 2020 IF: 3.629 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:165458 |
Serial |
5691 |
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Author |
Eliaerts, J.; Meert, N.; Dardenne, P.; Van Durme, F.; Baeten, V.; Samyn, N.; De Wael, K. |
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Title |
Evaluation of a calibration transfer between a bench top and portable Mid-InfraRed spectrometer for cocaine classification and quantification |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Talanta |
Abbreviated Journal |
Talanta |
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Volume |
209 |
Issue |
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Pages |
120481 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
A portable Fourier Transform Mid-InfraRed (FT-MIR) spectrometer using Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) sampling is used for daily routine screening of seized powders. Earlier, ATR-FT-MIR combined with Support Vector Machines (SVM) algorithms resulted in a significant improvement of the screening method to a reliable and straightforward classification and quantification tool for both cocaine and levamisole. However, can this tool be transferred to new (hand-held) devices, without loss of the extensive data set? The objective of this study was to perform a calibration transfer between a newly purchased bench top (BT) spectrometer and a portable (P) spectrometer with existing calibration models. Both instruments are from the same brand and have identical characteristics and acquisition parameters (FT instrument, resolution of 4 cm(-1) and wavenumber range 4000 to 500 cm(-1)). The original SVM classification model (n = 515) and SVM quantification model (n = 378) were considered for the transfer trial. Three calibration transfer strategies were assessed: 1) adjustment of slope and bias; 2) correction of spectra from the new instrument BT to P using Piecewise Direct Standardization (PDS) and 3) building a new mixed instrument model with spectra of both instruments. For each approach, additional cocaine powders were measured (n = 682) and the results were compared with GC-MS and GC-FID. The development of a mixed instrument model was the most successful in terms of performance. The future strategy of a mixed model allows applying the models, developed in the laboratory, to portable instruments that are used on-site, and vice versa. The approach offers opportunities to exchange data within a network of forensic laboratories using other FT-MIR spectrometers. |
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Wos |
000509632900016 |
Publication Date |
2019-10-21 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0039-9140; 1873-3573 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.1 |
Times cited |
2 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.1; 2020 IF: 4.162 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:166475 |
Serial |
6511 |
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Author |
Odin, G.P.; Belhadj, O.; Vanmeert, F.; Janssens, K.; Wattiaux, A.; Francois, A.; Rouchon, V. |
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Title |
Study of the influence of water and oxygen on the morphology and chemistry of pyritized lignite: Implications for the development of a preventive drying protocol |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal Of Cultural Heritage |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Cult Herit |
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Volume |
42 |
Issue |
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Pages |
117-130 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Art; History; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Lignite constitutes a unique testimony of past diversity and evolution of land plants. This material, usually waterlogged, is particularly difficult to dry because of its mechanical sensitivity to moisture changes. In addition, lignite may contain organic and inorganic sulfides, which are susceptible to oxidation once excavated. As a result, the conservation of lignite is particularly complicated and lignite remains scarce in paleobotanical collections. We experimentally test different drying protocols on waterlogged pyritized lignite, while documenting the respective role of water and oxygen on their morphology and chemistry. The results reveal that inorganic sulfides (pyrite) are more prone to oxidation than organic sulfides (thioethers). Critically, water is the main factor responsible for this oxidation, provoking sulfate efflorescence when samples are further exposed to oxygen. On the other hand, an abrupt removal of water provokes significant mechanical damage while sulfur remains mostly present as reduced compounds. The control of water and oxygen exchanges is thus critical for conserving lignite without physical damage and efflorescence. We successfully achieved this by storing the samples in hermetically sealed plastic bags made of semi-permeable films, which slowly release humidity while allowing a gradual influx of oxygen. We advise curators to quickly handle lignite once removed from its waterlogged environment because of the fast kinetics of oxidation, and to choose a drying protocol according to the purpose of the lignite treated. Finally, once dried, we advise to store the lignite in an anhydrous environment. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. |
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Wos |
000525864000013 |
Publication Date |
2019-09-07 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1296-2074 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record |
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Impact Factor |
3.1 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
; This research was funded by a doctoral school grant from the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris, France) and a post-doctoral grant from SU (Paris, France; Convergence program, ACOPAL project). We thank SOLEIL for provision of synchrotron radiation facilities (proposals 20130462and 0110189). We are grateful to Ronan Allain, Renaud Vacant and Dario de Franceschi for access to excavation sites and fruitful discussions, to the LUCIA beamline staff (D.Vantelon, N.Trcera, P.Lagarde, A.-M.Flank) and the AGLAE team (Quentin Lemasson, Brice Moignard, Claire Pacheco and Laurent Pichon) for support during allocated beamtime. We acknowledge the ICMCB (Bordeaux, France) and the ISA (Villeurbanne, France) for elemental quantifications. Finally, we thank two anonymous reviewers who helped to improve a previous version of the manuscript. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.1; 2020 IF: 1.838 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:168651 |
Serial |
6619 |
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Author |
Van Loon, J.; De Jong, M.; De Wael, K.; Du Bois, E. |
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Title |
Transposing testing from lab to on-site environment : a case of cocaine powder sampling |
Type |
P3 Proceeding |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Product development |
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Abstract |
This paper reports on the transition process to convert a specific lab technique to the on-site, real-life environment. Bringing a lab test to an on-site environment involves many difficulties regarding to the context, people skills and environmental support. Within this project, a case about sampling for an electrochemical measurement, was investigated as a basis to reason upon some general conclusions related to the process of transposing lab-tests to an on-site environment. The current lab test was analysed and compared with a focus group discussion with future users. Based on the findings, assumptions for the new sampling technique in the specific case were formulated. New low-tech methods to achieve the sampling were extensively tested and verified. Starting from this chosen case an argumentation was set up to generalise the conclusions, by reasoning on other cases of products that already passed this transition to the field. Based on a comparison, we could discuss that the selected parameters related to impact of the context environment, of the people that should handle the tests, related to the reasons for transposing the technology, and related to the technology that will be transposed to the on-site environment, were of importance of almost all cases and can therefore be considered as context-independent and related to the transfer to on-site testing. |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
978-94-6384-131-3 |
Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:169896 |
Serial |
6637 |
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Author |
Eliaerts, J. |
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Title |
Qualitative and quantitative determination of cocaine using mid-infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
184 p. |
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Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Law; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Series Editor |
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ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:169398 |
Serial |
6589 |
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Author |
De Jong, M. |
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Title |
A highly accurate portable electrochemical sensor for cocaine : from methodology to testing in the field |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
263 p. |
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Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:170912 |
Serial |
6538 |
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Author |
Monico, L.; Hendriks, E.; Geldof, M.; Miliani, C.; Janssens, K.; Brunetti, B.G.; Cotte, M.; Vanmeert, F.; Chieli, A.; Van der Snickt, G.; Romani, A.; Melo, M.J. |
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Title |
Chemical alteration and colour changes in the Amsterdam sunflowers |
Type |
H1 Book chapter |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
125-158
T2 - Van Gogh’s Sunflowers illuminated – a |
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Keywords |
H1 Book chapter; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES) |
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Abstract |
This chapter provides a description of colour changes in the Amsterdam Sunflowers due to chemical alteration of pigments, with a focus on geranium lakes and chrome yellows. The brilliant and forceful colours of these and other late nineteenth-century synthetic materials offered artists such as Vincent van Gogh new means of artistic expression that exploited a range of contrasting hues and tints. However, geranium lakes have a strong tendency to fade and chrome yellows to darken under the influence of light. Van Gogh, like other artists of his day, was aware of this drawback, yet he continued to favour the use of both pigments up until his death in July 1890 due to the unparalleled effects they gave. In April 1888, Vincent wrote to his brother Theo: Van Gogh's use of unstable colours opens a series of questions regarding the extent to which colour change affects the way his paintings look today, as discussed here in relation to the Amsterdam Sunflowers. Furthermore, given the frequency with which geranium lakes and chrome yellows occur in Van Gogh's paintings of the period 1888–90 and the predominance of chrome yellows in Sunflowers, it becomes important to understand the factors that can drive these processes of deterioration in order to develop appropriate strategies for conserving the artist's works. |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
2020-11-25 |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
978-94-6372-532-3 |
Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:190779 |
Serial |
7640 |
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Author |
Hendriks, E.; Geldof, M.; van den Berg, K.J.; Monico, L.; Miliani, C.; Moretti, P.; Iwanicka, M.; Targowski, P.; Megens, L.; de Groot, S.; van Keulen, H.; Janssens, K.; Vanmeert, F.; van der Snickt, G. |
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Title |
Conservation of the Amsterdam sunflowers : from past to future |
Type |
H1 Book chapter |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
175-205
T2 - Van Gogh’s Sunflowers illuminated – a |
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Keywords |
H1 Book chapter; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES) |
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Abstract |
This chapter lays out a conservation timeline, from past to future, for the Amsterdam version of Van Gogh's Sunflowers. It starts by considering the restoration history of the painting in order to assess its current physical state, and looks ahead to formulate an appropriate strategy for future conservation treatment and display. Due attention is paid to the two recorded episodes of restoration performed in 1927 and 1961 by the Dutch restorer, Jan Cornelis Traas. Based on physical and chemical investigation of Sunflowers we attempt to reconstruct what these former treatments (which are barely documented) entailed and consider the repercussions for the present condition of the painting. The former interventions by Traas also serve as a benchmark to reflect on current choices made, highlighting the extent to which ideas and methodologies have continued to evolve over the past century as conservation has moved further away from being a singularly craft-based activity to become an established historical and scientific discipline underpinned by ethical guidelines. Jan Cornelis Traas (1898–1984) As mentioned, the two main recorded interventions to the Amsterdam Sunflowers may be associated with the Dutch restorer, Jan Cornelis Traas, who treated the picture in 1927, close to the start of his career, and again in 1961, shortly before he retired. Traas was the first restorer to be appointed at the Mauritshuis in The Hague where he worked from 1931 to 1962 and treated hundreds of paintings, including iconic masterpieces such as Girl with a Pearl Earring by Johannes Vermeer. Yet despite the magnitude and importance of his restoration oeuvre, J.C. Traas (as he is usually referred to in surviving documents), has remained somewhat obscure. He is shown here in the only known surviving photograph of him at work, shortly before he retired (fig. 7.1). Unlike his illustrious contemporaries, A. Martin de Wild (1899–1969) and Helmut Ruhemann (1891–1973), for example, Traas did not publish anything, he appears to have kept no records of his work and no personal archive is known. However, the study of some newly discovered historical documents, combined with physical examination of Sunflowers and a large number of other works he treated, allows us to recover an idea of his working practices and approaches viewed within the context of his day. |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
2020-11-25 |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
978-94-6372-532-3 |
Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:190780 |
Serial |
7727 |
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Author |
Geldof, M.; Monico, L.; Johnson, D.H.; Miliani, C.; Romani, A.; Grazia, C.; Buti, D.; Brunetti, B.G.; Janssens, K.; Van der Snickt, G.; Vanmeert, F. |
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Title |
Methods and materials of the Amsterdam sunflowers |
Type |
H1 Book chapter |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
85-123
T2 - Van Gogh’s Sunflowers illuminated – ar |
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Keywords |
H1 Book chapter; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES) |
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Abstract |
This chapter explains the materials and techniques employed in the Amsterdam Sunflowers, enabling a comparison with the London version described in chapter 3. Building upon the 2016 article published in the National Gallery Technical Bulletin, it incorporates the latest findings gained by computer-assisted methods used to characterize the canvas support, as well as in-situ campaigns of non-invasive investigation together with further analysis of microscopic paint samples. The chapter sequence follows the steps in Van Gogh's working practice. Starting with the canvas, automated analysis of the weave enables the provenance of the canvas to be traced back to a particular roll of linen ordered by Van Gogh. Combining technical evidence with knowledge of historical manufacturing techniques further allows us to reconstruct the way in which Van Gogh divided his canvas roll into pieces used for Sunflowers and other paintings. We go on to consider how, with the original painting at hand, he used charcoal to transfer the motif of the London Sunflowers onto his blank canvas. Despite careful planning of the composition, an adjustment was required late in the working process, when Van Gogh added a painted wooden strip to extend the background above the flower at the top edge of the canvas. The artist's process of working up the composition in paint is described, paying special attention to his use of colour. The pigments and pigment mixtures used in the Amsterdam Sunflowers have been comprehensively mapped and are compared with the London picture, with discussion of some similarities and differences that account for the distinctive colour scheme of each painting. This understanding of colour application in the Amsterdam Sunflowers lays the foundation for subsequent chapters that will go on to consider the impact of light-induced colour changes that have taken place over time, and the related need to define appropriate lighting guidelines for the future safe preservation of this painting and others made with similar materials (chapters 5 and 7). |
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Publication Date |
2020-11-25 |
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Edition |
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ISBN |
978-94-6372-532-3 |
Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Notes |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:190781 |
Serial |
8223 |
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Author |
van Loon, A.; Vandivere, A.; Delaney, J.K.; Dooley, K.A.; De Meyer, S.; Vanmeert, F.; Gonzalez, V.; Janssens, K.; Leonhardt, E.; Haswell, R.; de Groot, S.; D'Imporzano, P.; Davies, G.R. |
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Title |
Beauty is skin deep : the skin tones of Vermeer's Girl with a Pearl Earring |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Heritage science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
102 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
The soft modelling of the skin tones in Vermeer's Girl with a Pearl Earring (Mauritshuis) has been remarked upon by art historians, and is their main argument to date this painting to c. 1665. This paper describes the materials and techniques Vermeer used to accomplish the smooth flesh tones and facial features of the Girl, which were investigated as part of the 2018 Girl in the Spotlight research project. It combines macroscopic X-ray fluorescence imaging (MA-XRF), reflectance imaging spectroscopy (RIS), and 3D digital microscopy. Vermeer built up the face, beginning with distinct areas of light and dark. He then smoothly blended the final layers to create almost seamless transitions. The combination of advanced imaging techniques highlighted that Vermeer built the soft contour around her face by leaving a 'gap' between the background and the skin. It also revealed details that were otherwise not visible with the naked eye, such as the eyelashes. Macroscopic imaging was complemented by the study of paint cross-sections using: light microscopy, SEM-EDX, FIB-STEM, synchrotron radiation mu-XRPD and FTIR-ATR. Vermeer intentionally used different qualities or grades of lead white in the flesh paints, showing different hydrocerussite/cerussite ratios and particle sizes. Lead isotope analysis showed that the geographic source of lead, from which the different types of lead white were manufactured, was the same: the region of Peak District of Derbyshire, UK. Finally, cross-section analysis identified the formation of new lead species in the paints: lead soaps and palmierite (K2Pb(SO4)(2)), associated with the red lake. |
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000516736100001 |
Publication Date |
2019-12-16 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2050-7445 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:167549 |
Serial |
7552 |
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Author |
Hofman, J.; Castanheiro, A.; Nuyts, G.; Joosen, S.; Spassov, S.; Blust, R.; De Wael, K.; Lenaerts, S.; Samson, R. |
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Title |
Impact of urban street canyon architecture on local atmospheric pollutant levels and magneto-chemical PM10 composition : an experimental study in Antwerp, Belgium |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
The science of the total environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci Total Environ |
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Volume |
712 |
Issue |
712 |
Pages |
135534 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
As real-life experimental data on natural ventilation of atmospheric pollution levels in urban street canyons is still scarce and has proven to be complex, this study, experimentally evaluated the impact of an urban street canyon opening on local atmospheric pollution levels, during a 2-week field campaign in a typical urban street canyon in Antwerp, Belgium. Besides following up on atmospheric particulate matter (PM), ultrafine particles (UFPs) and black carbon (BC) levels, the magneto-chemical PM10 composition was quantified to identify contributions of specific elements in enclosed versus open street canyon sections. Results indicated no higher overall PM, UFP and BC concentrations at the enclosed site compared to the open site, but significant day-to-day variability between both monitoring locations, depending on the experienced wind conditions. On days with oblique wind regimes (4 out of 14), natural ventilation was observed at the open location while higher element contributions of Ca, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Sr were exhibited at the enclosed location. Magnetic properties correlated with the PM10 filter loading, and elemental content of Fe, Cr, Mn and Ti. Magnetic bivariate ratios identified finel-grained magnetite carriers with grain sizes below 0.1 μm, indicating similar magnetic source contributions at both monitoring locations. Our holistic approach, combining atmospheric monitoring with magneto-chemical PM characterization has shown the complex impact of real-life wind flow regimes, different source contributions and local traffic dynamics on the resulting pollutant concentrations and contribute to a better understanding on the urban ventilation processes of atmospheric pollution. |
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000512369600078 |
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2019-11-25 |
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ISSN |
0048-9697 |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
4.9 |
Times cited |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.9 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:165459 |
Serial |
5654 |
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Author |
De Jong, M.; Sleegers, N.; Florea, A.; Van Loon, J.; van Nuijs, A.L.N.; Samyn, N.; De Wael, K. |
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Title |
Unraveling the mechanisms behind the complete suppression of cocaine electrochemical signals by chlorpromazine, promethazine, procaine, and dextromethorphan |
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A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
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Volume |
91 |
Issue |
24 |
Pages |
15453-15460 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Toxicological Centre; Product development |
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Abstract |
The present work investigates the challenges accompanied by the electrochemical cocaine detection in physiological conditions (pH 7) in the presence of chlorpromazine, promethazine, procaine, and dextromethorphan, frequently used cutting agents in cocaine street samples. The problem translates into the absence of the cocaine oxidation signal (signal suppression) when in a mixture with one of these compounds, leading to false negative results. Although a solution to this problem was provided through earlier experiments of our group, the mechanisms behind the suppression are now fundamentally investigated via electrochemical and liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) strategies. The latter was used to confirm the passivation of the electrodes due to their interaction with promethazine and chlorpromazine. Electron transfer mechanisms were further identified via linear sweep voltammetry. Next, adsorption experiments were performed on the graphite screen printed electrodes both with and without potential assistance in order to confirm if the suppression of the cocaine signals is due to passivation induced by the cutting agents or their oxidized products. The proposed strategies allowed us to identify the mechanisms of cocaine suppression for each cutting agent mentioned. Suppression due to procaine and dextromethorphan is caused by fouling of the electrode surface by their oxidized forms, while for chlorpromazine and promethazine the suppression of the cocaine signal is related to the strong adsorption of these (nonoxidized) cutting agents onto the graphite electrode surface. These findings provide fundamental insights in possible suppression and other interfering mechanisms using electrochemistry in general not only in the drug detection sector. |
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Wos |
000503910600018 |
Publication Date |
2019-11-14 |
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ISSN |
0003-2700; 5206-882x |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.32 |
Times cited |
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Notes |
; The authors acknowledge financial support from IOF-SBO/POC (UAntwerp) and the Fund for Scientific Research (FWO) Flanders, Grant 1S 37658 17N. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.32 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:165727 |
Serial |
5887 |
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Author |
Schepens, T.; Janssens, K.; Maes, S.; Wildemeersch, D.; Vellinga, J.; Jorens, P.G.; Saldien, V. |
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Title |
Respiratory muscle activity after spontaneous, neostigmine- or sugammadex-enhanced recovery of neuromuscular blockade : a double blind prospective randomized controlled trial |
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A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
BMC anesthesiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Bmc Anesthesiol |
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Volume |
19 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
187 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTARC); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP) |
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Abstract |
Background The use of neostigmine after neuromuscular blockade (NMB) has been associated with postoperative respiratory complications. In previous studies, we found lower diaphragmatic activity after neostigmine reversal of NMB, compared to sugammadex. It is still unclear whether the adequate use of neostigmine guarantees normal respiratory muscle function after NMB. In this study, we wanted to assess the effect of commonly used degrees of NMB and their possible reversal strategies on respiratory muscle activity after the return of normal neuromuscular transmission. Methods This is a randomized, controlled, parallel-group, single-centre, double-blind study in patients scheduled for intracranial surgery at a tertiary academic hospital in Belgium. All participants received target controlled propofol/remifentanil anesthesia and were randomized into one of five groups, receiving either a shallow NMB with no reversal (shallow/saline), a shallow NMB with sugammadex reversal (shallow/sugammadex), a moderate NMB with neostigmine reversal (moderate/neostigmine), a moderate NMB with sugammadex reversal (moderate/sugammadex), or a deep NMB with sugammadex reversal (deep/sugammadex). Primary and secondary outcome parameters were diaphragm and intercostal electromyographic (EMG) activity at the moment of resumed spontaneous breathing activity, defined as a maximal interval of 10 min after the first spontaneous breath. Results For the five groups, a total of 55 patients could be included in the final analysis. Median time of spontaneous breathing analyzed was 5 min (IQR 3-9.5 min). Both the moderate/sugammadex and the moderate/neostigmine groups had lower levels of diaphragm EMG compared to the shallow/sugammadex group. The moderate/neostigmine group had lower levels of intercostal EMG activity compared to the shallow/saline group. Conclusions In this study, the depth of neuromuscular blockade and type of reversal strategy impacts respiratory muscle activity at the moment of resumed spontaneous breathing and recovery of neuromuscular blockade. Both groups that received moderate NMB had lower levels of diaphragm EMG, compared to the shallow NMB group with sugammadex reversal. Compared to the shallow NMB group with no reversal, the moderate NMB with neostigmine reversal group had lower intercostal EMG activity. |
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000490976800001 |
Publication Date |
2019-10-19 |
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ISSN |
1471-2253 |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
1.525 |
Times cited |
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Notes |
; This work was supported by an investigator-initiated project grant from Merck & Co (IISP 50678). Merck & Co had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 1.525 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:163713 |
Serial |
5816 |
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