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Author |
Jenkinson, K.; Liz-Marzan, L.M.; Bals, S. |
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Title |
Multimode electron tomography sheds light on synthesis, structure, and properties of complex metal-based nanoparticles |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Advanced materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
Adv Mater |
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Volume  |
34 |
Issue |
36 |
Pages |
2110394-19 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Electron tomography has become a cornerstone technique for the visualization of nanoparticle morphology in three dimensions. However, to obtain in-depth information about a nanoparticle beyond surface faceting and morphology, different electron microscopy signals must be combined. The most notable examples of these combined signals include annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (ADF-STEM) with different collection angles and the combination of ADF-STEM with energy-dispersive X-ray or electron energy loss spectroscopies. Here, the experimental and computational development of various multimode tomography techniques in connection to the fundamental materials science challenges that multimode tomography has been instrumental to overcoming are summarized. Although the techniques can be applied to a wide variety of compositions, the study is restricted to metal and metal oxide nanoparticles for the sake of simplicity. Current challenges and future directions of multimode tomography are additionally discussed. |
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Wos |
000831332200001 |
Publication Date |
2022-04-19 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0935-9648 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
29.4 |
Times cited |
10 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
The authors thank the financial support of the European Research Council (ERC-AdG-2017 787510, ERC-CoG-2019 815128) and of the European Commission (EUSMI, Grant 731019 and ESTEEM3, Grant 823717). |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 29.4 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:189616 |
Serial |
7087 |
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Author |
Friedrich, T.; Yu, C.-P.; Verbeek, J.; Pennycook, T.; Van Aert, S. |
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Title |
Phase retrieval from 4-dimensional electron diffraction datasets |
Type |
P1 Proceeding |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Proceedings
T2 – IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), SEP 19-22, 2021, Electr. network |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
3453-3457 |
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Keywords |
P1 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
We present a computational imaging mode for large scale electron microscopy data, which retrieves a complex wave from noisy/sparse intensity recordings using a deep learning approach and subsequently reconstructs an image of the specimen from the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) predicted exit waves. We demonstrate that an appropriate forward model in combination with open data frameworks can be used to generate large synthetic datasets for training. In combination with augmenting the data with Poisson noise corresponding to varying dose-values, we effectively eliminate overfitting issues. The U-NET[1] based architecture of the CNN is adapted to the task at hand and performs well while maintaining a relatively small size and fast performance. The validity of the approach is confirmed by comparing the reconstruction to well-established methods using simulated, as well as real electron microscopy data. The proposed method is shown to be effective particularly in the low dose range, evident by strong suppression of noise, good spatial resolution, and sensitivity to different atom types, enabling the simultaneous visualisation of light and heavy elements and making different atomic species distinguishable. Since the method acts on a very local scale and is comparatively fast it bears the potential to be used for near-real-time reconstruction during data acquisition. |
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Wos |
000819455103114 |
Publication Date |
2021-08-23 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-6654-4115-5 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:189462 |
Serial |
7089 |
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Author |
Borah, R.; Smets, J.; Ninakanti, R.; Tietze, M.L.; Ameloot, R.; Chigrin, D.N.; Bals, S.; Lenaerts, S.; Verbruggen, S.W. |
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Title |
Self-assembled ligand-capped plasmonic Au nanoparticle films in the Kretschmann configuration for sensing of volatile organic compounds |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
ACS applied nano materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
acsanm.2c02524-12 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Films of close-packed Au nanoparticles are coupled electrodynamically through their collective plasmon resonances. This collective optical response results in enhanced light–matter interactions, which can be exploited in various applications. Here, we demonstrate their application in sensing volatile organic compounds, using methanol as a test case. Ordered films over several cm2 were obtained by interfacial self-assembly of colloidal Au nanoparticles (∼10 nm diameter) through controlled evaporation of the solvent. Even though isolated nanoparticles of this size are inherently nonscattering, when arranged in a close-packed film the plasmonic coupling results in a strong reflectance and absorbance. The in situ tracking of vapor phase methanol concentration through UV–vis transmission measurements of the nanoparticle film is first demonstrated. Next, in situ ellipsometry of the self-assembled films in the Kretschmann (also known as ATR) configuration is shown to yield enhanced sensitivity, especially with phase difference measurements, Δ. Our study shows the excellent agreement between theoretical models of the spectral response of self-assembled films with experimental in situ sensing experiments. At the same time, the theoretical framework provides the basis for the interpretation of the various observed experimental trends. Combining periodic nanoparticle films with ellipsometry in the Kretschmann configuration is a promising strategy toward highly sensitive and selective plasmonic thin-film devices based on colloidal fabrication methods for volatile organic compound (VOC) sensing applications. |
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Corporate Author |
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Wos |
000834348300001 |
Publication Date |
2022-07-27 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2574-0970 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
5.9 |
Times cited |
11 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
R.B. acknowledges financial support from the University of Antwerp Special Research Fund (BOF) for a DOCPRO4 doctoral scholarship. J.S. acknowledges financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) by a Ph.D. fellowship (11H8121N) . M.L.T. acknowledges financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) by a senior postdoctoral fellowship (12ZK720N) . |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 5.9 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:189295 |
Serial |
7095 |
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Author |
Hofer, C.; Gao, C.; Chennit, T.; Yuan, B.; Pennycook, T.J. |
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Title |
Phase offset method of ptychographic contrast reversal correction |
Type |
A1 Journal Article |
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Year |
2024 |
Publication |
Ultramicroscopy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ultramicroscopy |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
113922 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal Article; Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT) ; |
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Abstract |
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Corporate Author |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
2024-01-08 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0304-3991 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
2.2 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
Not_Open_Access |
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Notes |
FWO, G013122N ; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; European Research Council, 802123-HDEM ; European Research Council; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.2; 2024 IF: 2.843 |
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Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @c:irua:202379 |
Serial |
8988 |
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Author |
De Backer, A.; Zhang, Z.; van den Bos, K.H.W.; Bladt, E.; Sánchez‐Iglesias, A.; Liz‐Marzán, L.M.; Nellist, P.D.; Bals, S.; Van Aert, S. |
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Title |
Element Specific Atom Counting at the Atomic Scale by Combining High Angle Annular Dark Field Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X‐ray Spectroscopy |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Small methods |
Abbreviated Journal |
Small Methods |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
2200875 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
A new methodology is presented to count the number of atoms in multimetallic nanocrystals by combining energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF STEM). For this purpose, the existence of a linear relationship between the incoherent HAADF STEM and EDX images is exploited. Next to the number of atoms for each element in the atomic columns, the method also allows quantification of the error in the obtained number of atoms, which is of importance given the noisy nature of the acquired EDX signals. Using experimental images of an Au@Ag core–shell nanorod, it is demonstrated that 3D structural information can be extracted at the atomic scale. Furthermore, simulated data of an Au@Pt core–shell nanorod show the prospect to characterize heterogeneous nanostructures with adjacent atomic numbers. |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
000862072700001 |
Publication Date |
2022-09-30 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2366-9608 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
12.4 |
Times cited |
5 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
This work was supported by the European Research Council (Grant 770887 PICOMETRICS to S.V.A., Grant 815128 REALNANO to S.B., and Grant 823717 ESTEEM3). The authors acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through project fundings (G.0267.18N, G.0502.18N, G.0346.21N) and a postdoctoral grant to A.D.B.; esteem3reported; esteem3JRA |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 12.4 |
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Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @c:irua:191570 |
Serial |
7109 |
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Author |
Ni, B.; Mychinko, M.; Gómez‐Graña, S.; Morales‐Vidal, J.; Obelleiro‐Liz, M.; Heyvaert, W.; Vila‐Liarte, D.; Zhuo, X.; Albrecht, W.; Zheng, G.; González‐Rubio, G.; Taboada, J.M.; Obelleiro, F.; López, N.; Pérez‐Juste, J.; Pastoriza‐Santos, I.; Cölfen, H.; Bals, S.; Liz‐Marzán, L.M. |
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Title |
Chiral Seeded Growth of Gold Nanorods Into 4‐Fold Twisted Nanoparticles with Plasmonic Optical Activity |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Advanced materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
Adv Mater |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
2208299 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
A robust and reproducible methodology to prepare stable inorganic nanoparticles with chiral morphology might hold the key to the practical utilization of these materials. We describe herein an optimized chiral growth method to prepare 4-fold twisted gold nanorods, where the amino acid cysteine is used as a dissymmetry inducer. Four tilted ridges were found to develop on the surface of single-crystal nanorods upon repeated reduction of HAuCl4, in the presence of cysteine as the chiral inducer and ascorbic acid as a reducing agent. From detailed electron microscopy analysis of the crystallographic structures, we propose that dissymmetry results from the development of chiral facets in the form of protrusions (tilted ridges) on the initial nanorods, eventually leading to a twisted shape. The role of cysteine is attributed to assisting enantioselective facet evolution, which is supported by density functional theory simulations of the surface energies, modified upon adsorption of the chiral molecule. The development of R-type and S-type chiral structures (small facets, terraces, or kinks) would thus be non-equal, removing the mirror symmetry of the Au NR and in turn resulting in a markedly chiral morphology with high plasmonic optical activity. |
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Corporate Author |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
000888886000001 |
Publication Date |
2022-10-14 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0935-9648 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
29.4 |
Times cited |
35 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
This work was supported by the MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (Grants PID2019-108954RB-I00, PID2020-117371RA-I00, PID2020-117779RB-I00, and Maria de Maeztu Units of Excellence Program from the Spanish State Research Agency Grant No. MDM-2017-0720), Xunta de Galicia/FEDER (Grant GRC ED431C 2020/09) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). M.M., W.H. and S.B. acknowledge financial support from the European Commission under the Horizon 2020 Programme by ERC Consolidator grant no. 815128 (REALNANO). W.A. acknowledges financial support from the research program of AMOLF, which is partly financed by the Dutch Research Council (NWO). J. M.-V. and N. L. thank the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for financial support (RTI2018- 101394-B-I00 and Severo Ochoa Grant MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 CEX2019-000925-S) and the Barcelona Supercomputing Center-MareNostrum (BSC-RES) for providing generous computer resources. S.G.-G. acknowledges the MCIN. B. N. acknowledges a postdoctoral fellowship of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. G. G.-R. acknowledges the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (GO 3526/1-1) for financial support. H.C. thanks Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) SFB 1214 project B1 for funding. G.C-Z. acknowledges National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21902148). |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 29.4 |
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Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @c:irua:191808 |
Serial |
7115 |
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Author |
Zhuo, X.; Mychinko, M.; Heyvaert, W.; Larios, D.; Obelleiro-Liz, M.; Taboada, J.M.; Bals, S.; Liz-Marzán, L.M. |
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Title |
Morphological and Optical Transitions during Micelle-Seeded Chiral Growth on Gold Nanorods |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
ACS nano |
Abbreviated Journal |
Acs Nano |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Chiral plasmonics is a rapidly developing field where breakthroughs and unsolved problems coexist. We have recently reported binary surfactant-assisted seeded growth of chiral gold nanorods (Au NRs) with high chiroptical activity. Such a seeded-growth process involves the use of a chiral cosurfactant that induces micellar helicity, in turn driving the transition from achiral to chiral Au NRs, from both the morphological and the optical points of view. We report herein a detailed study on both transitions, which reveals intermediate states that were hidden so far. The correlation between structure and optical response is carefully analyzed, including the (linear and CD) spectral evolution over time, electron tomography, the impact of NR dimensions on their optical response, the variation of the absorption-to-scattering ratio during the evolution from achiral to chiral Au NRs, and the near-field enhancement related to chiral plasmon modes. Our findings provide further understanding of the growth process of chiral Au NRs and the associated optical changes, which will facilitate further study and applications of chiral nanomaterials. |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
000878324400001 |
Publication Date |
2022-10-26 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1936-0851 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
17.1 |
Times cited |
17 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
This work was supported by the European Research Council (ERC-AdG-4DbioSERS-787510 to L.M.L.-M. and ERC-CoG-REALNANO-815128 to S.B.) and the MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (Grant PID2020-117779RB-I00). X.Z. acknowledges funding from the Juan de la Cierva fellowship (FJC2018-036104-I) and the University Development Fund (UDF01002665, CUHK-Shenzhen). D.L., M.O.-L., and J.M.T. acknowledge funding from the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, under Projects PID2020-116627RB-C21 and PID2020-116627RB-C22, as well as from the ERDF/Galician Regional Government as part of the agreement for funding the Atlantic Research Center for Information and Communication Technologies (atlanTTic) and ERDF/Extremadura Regional Government under Projects IB18073 and GR18055. This work was performed in the framework of the Maria de Maeztu Units of Excellence Program from the Spanish State Research Agency (Grant No. MDM-2017-0720). The authors acknowledge Dr. Guillermo González-Rubio for providing suggestions for synthesis and Dr. Irantzu Llarena for assisting with the CD measurements. |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 17.1 |
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Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @c:irua:191815 |
Serial |
7116 |
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Author |
De wael, A.; De Backer, A.; Yu, C.-P.; Sentürk, D.G.; Lobato, I.; Faes, C.; Van Aert, S. |
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Title |
Three Approaches for Representing the Statistical Uncertainty on Atom-Counting Results in Quantitative ADF STEM |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Microscopy and microanalysis |
Abbreviated Journal |
Microsc Microanal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-9 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
A decade ago, a statistics-based method was introduced to count the number of atoms from annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (ADF STEM) images. In the past years, this method was successfully applied to nanocrystals of arbitrary shape, size, and composition (and its high accuracy and precision has been demonstrated). However, the counting results obtained from this statistical framework are so far presented without a visualization of the actual uncertainty about this estimate. In this paper, we present three approaches that can be used to represent counting results together with their statistical error, and discuss which approach is most suited for further use based on simulations and an experimental ADF STEM image. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000854930500001 |
Publication Date |
2022-09-19 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1431-9276 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record |
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Impact Factor |
2.8 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No. 770887 and No. 823717 ESTEEM3). The authors acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through grants to A.D.w. and A.D.B. and projects G.0502.18N, G.0267.18N, and EOS 30489208. S.V.A. acknowledges TOP BOF funding from the University of Antwerp. The authors are grateful to L.M. Liz-Marzán (CIC biomaGUNE and Ikerbasque) for providing the samples. esteem3reported; esteem3jra |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.8 |
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Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @c:irua:190585 |
Serial |
7119 |
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Author |
Vega Ibañez, F.; Béché, A.; Verbeeck, J. |
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Title |
Can a programmable phase plate serve as an aberration corrector in the transmission electron microscope (TEM)? |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Microscopy and microanalysis |
Abbreviated Journal |
Microsc Microanal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
Pii S1431927622012260-10 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Current progress in programmable electrostatic phase plates raises questions about their usefulness for specific applications. Here, we explore different designs for such phase plates with the specific goal of correcting spherical aberration in the transmission electron microscope (TEM). We numerically investigate whether a phase plate could provide down to 1 angstrom ngstrom spatial resolution on a conventional uncorrected TEM. Different design aspects (fill factor, pixel pattern, symmetry) were evaluated to understand their effect on the electron probe size and current density. Some proposed designs show a probe size () down to 0.66 angstrom, proving that it should be possible to correct spherical aberration well past the 1 angstrom limit using a programmable phase plate consisting of an array of electrostatic phase-shifting elements. |
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Corporate Author |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000849975400001 |
Publication Date |
2022-09-21 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1431-9276 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
2.8 |
Times cited |
3 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
All authors acknowledge funding from the Flemish Research Fund under contract G042820N “Exploring adaptive optics in transmission electron microscopy”. J.V. acknowledges funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research Infrastructure – Integrating Activities for Advanced Communities under grant agreement No 823717 – ESTEEM3 and from the University of Antwerp through a TOP BOF project.; esteem3reported; esteem3jra |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.8 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:190627 |
Serial |
7134 |
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Author |
Hao, Y. |
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Title |
A joint experimental-modeling study of the structure and properties of functional molecular monolayers for the control of organic crystal growth |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
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Pages |
xiii, 174 p. |
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Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Among all types of discovered crystals, those formed by organic molecules show the greatest diversity, which results from the intrinsic complexity of the organic molecules and the weak interactions between them. Even for a given compound, different crystal structures can exist. This feature is referred to as polymorphism in the modern crystallographic context and those different crystal forms are called polymorphs. In reality, the crystallization of organic molecules is often performed at the surface of a substrate, giving rise to heterogeneous crystallization. Except for the well-known catalyzing effects, the existence of substrates brings more possibilities to the polymorphic behaviors of organic molecules, promoting the formation of new polymorphs that are only stable in the vicinity of the substrates. For this reason, these new polymorphic forms are often described as substrate-induced polymorphs (SIPs). It is of great importance to understand the formation of SIPs for organic molecules as it has been reported that SIPs can show superior properties with respect to their bulk form counterparts. Up to now, most studies focus on the identifying and characterizing the presence of SIPs, which relies mainly on X-ray diffraction techniques. However, a detailed explanation about the origin of SIPs is still missing. In this work, we have combined several powerful experimental characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in order to reach an integrated view over the formation of SIPs. These experimental studies are strongly supported by computational chemistry simulations, such as density functional theory and molecular dynamics. A big advantage of using atomistic simulations is that it enables the possibility to predict a priori the crystal structures of SIPs and to establish a posteriori the general rules for the formation of SIPs. In practice, this thesis employs state-of-art atomistic simulation approaches in order to bridge substrate-induced polymorphism with a conceptually-connected research area: the self-assembly of molecular networks (SAMNs), also called 2D crystallization. Unlike SIPs, which extend at least several molecular layers, SAMNs are composed of a single layer of molecules with ordered packing. Our simulations have enabled a more comprehensive understanding about the role of substrate during the formation of SIPs and we elucidate how the positional and orientational order of molecules propagates from the substrate to the upper 2D and even 3D crystal layers. In this way, a fundamental understanding of the substrate-induced crystallization is gained by connecting 2D and 3D crystallization using substrate-induced approaches. |
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UA library record |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:191758 |
Serial |
7176 |
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Author |
Guo, A.; Bai, H.; Liang, Q.; Feng, L.; Su, X.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Wu, J. |
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Title |
Resistive switching in Ag₂Te semiconductor modulated by Ag+-ion diffusion and phase transition |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Advanced Electronic Materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
Adv Electron Mater |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
2200850-2200858 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Memristors are considered to be the fourth circuit element and have great potential in areas like logic operations, information storage, and neuromorphic computing. The functional material in a memristor, which has a nonlinear resistance, is the key component to be developed. Herein, resistive switching is demonstrated and the structural evolutions in Ag2Te are examined under an external electric field. It is shown that the electroresistance effect is originating from an electronically triggered phase transition together with directional Ag+-ion diffusion. Using in situ transmission electron microscopy, the phase transition from the monoclinic alpha-Ag2Te into the face-centered cubic beta-Ag2Te, accompanied by a change in resistance, is directly observed. Diffusion of Ag+-ions modulates the localized density of Ag+-ion vacancies, leading to a change in electrical conductivity and influences the threshold voltage to trigger the phase transition. During the electric field-driven phase transition, the spontaneous and localized multiple polarizations from the low-symmetry alpha-Ag2Te (referring to an antiferroelectric structure) are vanishing in the cubic beta-Ag2Te (referring to a paraelectric structure). The abrupt resistance change of thin Ag2Te caused by the phase transition and modulated by the applied electric field demonstrates its great potential as functional material in volatile memory and memristors with a low-energy consumption. |
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Wos |
000855728500001 |
Publication Date |
2022-09-21 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2199-160x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.2 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
Not_Open_Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.2 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:190582 |
Serial |
7203 |
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Author |
Pacquets, L. |
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Title |
Towards stable Cu-Ag bimetallic nanoparticles to boost the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
xvi, 188 p. |
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Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT) |
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Abstract |
Ever since the industrial revolution, the emission of greenhouse gasses dramatically increased, resulting in high CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. The electrochemical conversion of CO2 to value added products, such as carbon monoxide, formic acid, methane, ethylene and ethanol is a very promising strategy to inhibit CO2 emissions. Nevertheless, at the moment, the electrochemical CO2 reduction (eCO2R) is not yet industrially viable, mainly due to the lack of good electrocatalysts. On the other hand, core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged over the last couple of years as promising candidates. It is believed that bimetallic enhancement effects are behind the improved performance of these core-shell NPs when compared to the individual metals. Although widely investigated, there are still some remaining issues and/or open questions. Indeed, the development of a robust and straightforward synthesis method along with fundamental insight into their resistance towards electrochemical stress remains absent. A good control over morphology, size and composition is key in determining which properties are beneficial for the eCO2R. Since these catalysts are designed to be implemented in electrolyzers, they have to maintain long-term performance. This makes the design of a reproducible method, unveiling structure-performance relationships the effect of electrochemical stress, a crucial aspect. Exploring and modifying existing synthesis methods, have led to the acquisition of a robust and reproducible synthesis method where thermal decomposition of the Cu core is combined with the galvanic replacement of Ag in organic solvents. The implementation of this method has led to the design of a wide variety of Cu-Ag bimetallic NPs and enabled to investigate their composition-selectivity profile. Introducing Ag on Cu suppressed hydrogen and increased the CO formation. CO production was boosted by using Cu@Ag core-shells and was promoted even more by changing the type of electrolyte. As these nanoparticles suffered from degradation, the 3D mapping of the structural changes of Cu@Ag core-shells under operating conditions led to the hypothesis of a two-step degradation mechanism where initially Cu leaching was observed with the subsequent sintering of the Ag shells. One approach to avoid this electrochemical degradation, investigated in this research, was the application of an ultrathin carbon layer to protect the active layer. This ultrathin carbon layer operated as a protective layer, suppressing hydrogen production and increasing the stability of the electrocatalyst. In conclusion, the product selectivity can be tuned by using different Cu-Ag bimetallic nanoparticles synthesized through a robust method. Their unique degradation pathway of Cu@Ag core-shell nanoparticles has led to the proposition of a more accurate stabilization strategy. These findings can contribute significantly in the quest for improved electrocatalysts for the eCO2R. |
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UA library record |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:190236 |
Serial |
7221 |
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Author |
Batuk, M.; Vandemeulebroucke, D.; Ceretti, M.; Paulus, W.; Hadermann, J. |
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Title |
Topotactic redox cycling in SrFeO2.5+δ explored by 3D electron diffraction in different gas atmospheres |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Journal of materials chemistry A : materials for energy and sustainability |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Mater Chem A |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
For oxygen conducting materials applied in solid oxide fuel cells and chemical-looping processes, the understanding of the oxygen diffusion mechanism and the materials’ crystal structure at different stages of the redox reactions is a key parameter to control their performance. In this paper we report the first ever in situ 3D ED experiment in a gas environment and with it uncover the structure evolution of SrFeO2.5 as notably different from that reported from in situ X-ray and in situ neutron powder diffraction studies in gas environments. Using in situ 3D ED on submicron sized single crystals obtained from a high quality monodomain SrFeO2.5 single crystal , we observe the transformation under O2 flow of SrFeO2.5 with an intra- and interlayer ordering of the left and right twisted (FeO4) tetrahedral chains (space group Pcmb) into consecutively SrFeO2.75 with space group Cmmm (at 350°C, 33% O2) and SrFeO3-δ with space group Pm3 ̅m (at 400°C, 100% O2). Upon reduction in H2 flow, the crystals return to the brownmillerite structure with intralayer order, but without regaining the interlayer order of the pristine crystals. Therefore, redox cycling of SrFeO2.5 crystals in O2 and H2 introduces stacking faults into the structure, resulting in an I2/m(0βγ)0s symmetry with variable β. |
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Wos |
000891928400001 |
Publication Date |
0000-00-00 |
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ISSN |
2050-7488 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
11.9 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
Financial support is acknowledged from the FWO-Hercules fund I003218N ‘Infrastructure for imaging nanoscale processes in gas/vapor or liquid environments’, from the University of Antwerp through grant BOF TOP 38689. This work was supported by the European Commission Horizon 2020 NanED grant number 956099. Financial support from the French National Research Agency (ANR) through the project “Structural induced Electronic Complexity controlled by low temperature Topotactic Reaction” (SECTOR No. ANR-14-CE36- 0006-01) is gratefully acknowledged. |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 11.9 |
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Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @c:irua:192325 |
Serial |
7229 |
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Author |
Wang, J.; Zhang, K.; Kavak, S.; Bals, S.; Meynen, V. |
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Title |
Modifying the Stöber Process: Is the Organic Solvent Indispensable? |
Type |
A1 Journal Article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Chemistry-A European Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem-Eur J |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal Article; Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT) ; |
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Abstract |
The Stöber method is one of the most important and fundamental processes for the synthesis of inorganic (nano)materials but has the drawback of using a large amount of organic solvent. Herein, ethanol was used as an example to explore if the organic solvent in a typical Stöber method can be omitted. It was found that ethanol increases the particle size of the obtained silica spheres and aids the formation of uniform silica particles rather than forming a gel. Nevertheless, the results indicated that an organic solvent in the initial synthesis mixture is not indispensable. An initially immiscible synthesis method was discovered, which can replace the organic solvent-based Stöber method to successfully synthesize silica particles with the same size ranges as the original Stöber process without addition of organic solvents. Moreover, this process can be of further value for the extension to synthesis processes of other materials based on the Stöber process. |
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Wos |
000898283500001 |
Publication Date |
2022-12-14 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0947-6539 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
4.3 |
Times cited |
3 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
The authors are grateful to Alexander Vansant and Dr. Steven Mullens of VITO for their contributions to the DLS measurements in this paper. J.W acknowledges the State Scholarship funded by the China Scholarship Council (201806060123). K.Z acknowledges the EASiCHEM project funded by the Flemish Strategic Basic Research Program of the Catalisti cluster and Flanders Innovation & Entrepreneurship (HBC.2018.0484). S.K acknowledges the Flemish Fund for Scientific Research (FWO Flanders) through a PhD research grant (1181122N). |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.3 |
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Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @c:irua:191646 |
Serial |
7233 |
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Author |
De Backer, A.; Bals, S.; Van Aert, S. |
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Title |
A decade of atom-counting in STEM: From the first results toward reliable 3D atomic models from a single projection |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Ultramicroscopy |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
113702 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Quantitative structure determination is needed in order to study and understand nanomaterials at the atomic scale. Materials characterisation resulting in precise structural information is a crucial point to understand the structure–property relation of materials. Counting the number of atoms and retrieving the 3D atomic structure of nanoparticles plays an important role here. In this paper, an overview will be given of the atom-counting methodology and its applications over the past decade. The procedure to count the number of atoms will be discussed in detail and it will be shown how the performance of the method can be further improved. Furthermore, advances toward mixed element nanostructures, 3D atomic modelling based on the atom-counting results, and quantifying the nanoparticle dynamics will be highlighted. |
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Wos |
000953765800001 |
Publication Date |
2023-02-10 |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0304-3991 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
2.2 |
Times cited |
3 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
This work was supported by the European Research Council (Grant 770887 PICOMETRICS to S. Van Aert, Grant 815128 REALNANO to S. Bals, and Grant 823717 ESTEEM3). The authors acknowledge financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through project fundings (G.0267.18N, G.0502.18N, G.0346.21N, and EOS 30489208) and a postdoctoral grant to A. De Backer. S. Van Aert acknowledges funding from the University of Antwerp Research fund (BOF) . The authors also thank the colleagues who have contributed to this work over the years, including T. Altantzis, E. Arslan Irmak, K.J. Batenburg, E. Bladt, A. De wael, R. Erni, C. Faes, B. Goris, L. Jones, L.M. Liz-Marzán, I. Lobato, G.T. Martinez, P.D. Nellist, M.D. Rosell, A. Rosenauer, K.H.W. van den Bos, A. Varambhia, and Z. Zhang.; esteem3reported; esteem3JRA |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.2; 2023 IF: 2.843 |
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Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @c:irua:195896 |
Serial |
7236 |
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Author |
Marchetti, A.; Gori, A.; Ferretti, A.M.; Esteban, D.A.; Bals, S.; Pigliacelli, C.; Metrangolo, P. |
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Title |
Templated Out‐of‐Equilibrium Self‐Assembly of Branched Au Nanoshells |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Small |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
2206712 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Out-of-equilibrium self-assembly of metal nanoparticles (NPs) has been devised using different types of strategies and fuels, but the achievement of finite 3D structures with a controlled morphology through this assembly mode is still rare. Here we used a spherical peptide-gold superstructure (PAuSS) as a template to control the out-of-equilibrium self-assembly of Au NPs, obtaining a transient 3D branched Au-nanoshell (BAuNS) stabilized by sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). The BAuNS dismantled upon concentration gradient equilibration over time in the solution, leading to NPs disassembly. Notably, BAuNS assembly and disassembly favoured temporary interparticle plasmonic coupling, leading to a remarkable oscillation of their optical properties. |
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Wos |
000914725800001 |
Publication Date |
2023-01-17 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1613-6810 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
13.3 |
Times cited |
1 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
European Research Council, ERC‐2017‐PoC MINIRES 789815 ERC‐2012‐StG_20111012 FOLDHALO 307108 815128 ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 13.3; 2023 IF: 8.643 |
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Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @c:irua:194299 |
Serial |
7247 |
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Author |
Daele, K.V.; Arenas‐Esteban, D.; Choukroun, D.; Hoekx, S.; Rossen, A.; Daems, N.; Pant, D.; Bals, S.; Breugelmans, T. |
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Title |
Enhanced Pomegranate‐Structured SnO2Electrocatalysts for the Electrochemical CO2Reduction to Formate |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
ChemElectroChem |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT) |
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Abstract |
Although most state-of-the-art Sn-based electrocatalysts yield promising results in terms of selectivity and catalyst activity, their stability remains insufficient to date. Here, we demonstrate the successful application of the recently developed pomegranate-structured SnO2 (Pom. SnO2) and SnO2@C (Pom. SnO2@C) nanocomposite electrocatalysts for the efficient electrochemical conversion of CO2 to formate. With an initial selectivity of 83 and 86% towards formate and an operating potential of -0.72 V and -0.64 V vs. RHE, respectively, these pomegranate SnO2 electrocatalysts are able to compete with most of the current state-of-the-art Sn-based electrocatalysts in terms of activity and selectivity. Given the importance of electrocatalyst stability, long-term experiments (24 h) were performed and a temporary loss in selectivity for the Pom. SnO2@C electrocatalyst was largely restored to its initial selectivity upon drying and exposure to air. Of all the used (24 h) electrocatalysts, the pomegranate SnO2@C had the highest selectivity over a time period of one hour, reaching an average recovered FE of 85%, while the commercial SnO2 and bare pomegranate SnO2 electrocatalysts reached an average of 79 and 80% FE towards formate, respectively. Furthermore, the pomegranate structure of Pom. SnO2@C was largely preserved due to the presence of the heterogeneous carbon shell, which acts as a protective layer, physically inhibiting particle segregation/pulverisation and agglomeration. |
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000936694800001 |
Publication Date |
2023-02-15 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2196-0216 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record |
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Impact Factor |
4 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
European Regional Development Fund, E2C 2S03-019 ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 4; 2023 IF: 4.136 |
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Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @c:irua:195228 |
Serial |
7249 |
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Author |
van der Sluijs, M.M.; Salzmann, B.B.V.; Arenas Esteban, D.; Li, C.; Jannis, D.; Brafine, L.C.; Laning, T.D.; Reinders, J.W.C.; Hijmans, N.S.A.; Moes, J.R.; Verbeeck, J.; Bals, S.; Vanmaekelbergh, D. |
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Title |
Study of the Mechanism and Increasing Crystallinity in the Self-Templated Growth of Ultrathin PbS Nanosheets |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Chemistry of materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Colloidal 2D semiconductor nanocrystals, the analogue of solid-state quantum wells, have attracted strong interest in material science and physics. Molar quantities of suspended quantum objects with spectrally pure absorption and emission can be synthesized. For the visible region, CdSe nanoplatelets with atomically precise thickness and tailorable emission have been (almost) perfected. For the near-infrared region, PbS nanosheets (NSs) hold strong promise, but the photoluminescence quantum yield is low and many questions on the crystallinity, atomic structure, intriguing rectangular shape, and formation mechanism remain to be answered. Here, we report on a detailed investigation of the PbS NSs prepared with a lead thiocyanate single source precursor. Atomically resolved HAADF-STEM imaging reveals the presence of defects and small cubic domains in the deformed orthorhombic PbS crystal lattice. Moreover, variations in thickness are observed in the NSs, but only in steps of 2 PbS monolayers. To study the reaction mechanism, a synthesis at a lower temperature allowed for the study of reaction intermediates. Specifically, we studied the evolution of pseudo-crystalline templates towards mature, crystalline PbS NSs. We propose a self-induced templating mechanism based on an oleylamine-lead-thiocyanate (OLAM-Pb-SCN) complex with two Pb-SCN units as a building block; the interactions between the long-chain ligands regulate the crystal structure and possibly the lateral dimensions. |
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Wos |
000959572100001 |
Publication Date |
2023-03-25 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0897-4756 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
8.6 |
Times cited |
2 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
H2020 Research Infrastructures, 731019 ; H2020 European Research Council, 692691 815128 ; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, 715.016.002 ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 8.6; 2023 IF: 9.466 |
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Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @c:irua:195894 |
Serial |
7255 |
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Author |
de la Encarnación, C.; Jungwirth, F.; Vila-Liarte, D.; Renero-Lecuna, C.; Kavak, S.; Orue, I.; Wilhelm, C.; Bals, S.; Henriksen-Lacey, M.; Jimenez de Aberasturi, D.; Liz-Marzán, L.M. |
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Title |
Hybrid core–shell nanoparticles for cell-specific magnetic separation and photothermal heating |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Journal of materials chemistry B : materials for biology and medicine |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Hyperthermia, as the process of heating a malignant site above 42 °C to trigger cell death, has emerged as an effective and selective cancer therapy strategy. Various modalities of hyperthermia have been proposed, among which magnetic and photothermal hyperthermia are known to benefit from the use of nanomaterials. In this context, we introduce herein a hybrid colloidal nanostructure comprising plasmonic gold nanorods (AuNRs) covered by a silica shell, onto which iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are subsequently grown. The resulting hybrid nanostructures are responsive to both external magnetic fields and near-infrared irradiation. As a result, they can be applied for the targeted magnetic separation of selected cell populations – upon targeting by antibody functionalization – as well as for photothermal heating. Through this combined functionality, the therapeutic effect of photothermal heating can be enhanced. We demonstrate both the fabrication of the hybrid system and its application for targeted photothermal hyperthermia of human glioblastoma cells. |
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000968908400001 |
Publication Date |
2023-04-05 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2050-750X |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
7 |
Times cited |
1 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, PID2019-108854RA-I00 ; H2020 European Research Council, ERC AdG 787510, 4DBIOSERS ERC CoG 815128, REALNANO ; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, PhD research grant 1181122N ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 7; 2023 IF: 4.543 |
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Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @c:irua:195879 |
Serial |
7261 |
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Author |
Penders, A.G. |
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Title |
Microstructural investigation of irradiation assisted stress corrosion cracking mechanisms based on focused ion beam analysis of tested and industrial specimens |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
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Pages |
xxxviii, 226 p. |
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Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Irradiation assisted stress corrosion cracking (IASCC) is an intergranular cracking effect which can occur in heavily irradiated internal structural components of nuclear reactor cores. It is a complex phenomenon which is not yet fully understood because it occurs through an interplay of several material degradation processes. The factors that influence IASCC susceptibility include irradiation damage (neutrons and other irradiation particles stemming from the nuclear fission reaction), the operating temperature of the nuclear reactor, water corrosion, operating stresses, and the composition of materials susceptible to IASCC. Such materials are typically fabricated from austenitic stainless steels because of their relatively high strength, ductility, and fracture toughness. However, besides excellent metallurgical and corrosion resistant qualities, the operating conditions may still cause severe material degradation and component failure, which is extremely important for nuclear power plant safety and lifetime managements. Despite much accumulated data in the literature, both crack initiation and crack propagation mechanisms still need to be further elucidated. To that end, a probabilistic fracture model entitled the subcritical crack propagation (SCP) was recently developed, which assumes that the oxidized part of stainless steel in front of the crack plays an essential role in the crack initiation and crack propagation in sample failures. Still, despite a very good agreement with experimental observations, the SCP model but also other contemporary models favoured within the literature, require further experimental verification to what concerns the investigation of (IA)SCC. To that end, the main objective of this doctorate was to utilize experimental instrumentations like SEM, FIB-SEM and (S)TEM to conduct the investigation of the crack initiation and propagation processes in both tested and industrial specimens. Some of the investigated materials were retrieved within a nuclear reactor and are thus considered as unique test material to investigate the material degradation processes relevant for cracking. Other specimens were tailor-made to simulate the cracking processes of irradiated materials in otherwise un-irradiated materials. The newly acquired experimental results in this doctorate help rationalize existing models and methodologies used in the literature to analyse the IASCC failures of structural materials of reactor components. These results also facilitate in the development of predictive methodologies and mitigation strategies towards IASCC cracking and provide more information on IASCC from a microstructural perspective. |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:192431 |
Serial |
7323 |
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Author |
Kashiwar, A. |
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Title |
TEM investigations of deformation mechanisms in nanocrystalline metals and multilayered composites |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
xvi, 129 p. |
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Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
In the last few decades, nanostructuring has driven significant attention towards the development of novel metallic materials with advanced mechanical properties. Nanocrystalline (nc) metals are a class of nanostructured materials with grain sizes smaller than about 100 nm. These exhibit outstanding mechanical strength and fatigue properties compared to their coarse-grained (cg) counterparts. These are promising candidates for application as structural or functional materials. Nc metals in the form of thin films are employed as hard coatings on bulk components, structural components, and conductive layers in various micro-/nanoscale devices. These structural components and devices are often subjected to cyclic stresses or fatigue loading. Under these cyclic stresses, nc metals tend to exhibit the Bauschinger effect (BE). The strength loss during the BE is of great importance concerning the strength-ductility trade-off in nc metals. Furthermore, contact surfaces of the engineering components in service often undergo relative motion and are subject to both friction and wear. These extreme loading conditions demand nc metals with tailored interfacial characteristics for improved tribological performance. Aiming at ensuring high reliability and mechanical robustness for optimum performance of these components, there has been a strong motivation for understanding the mechanical properties and governing deformation mechanisms in nc metallic materials. This thesis aimed at in-depth investigation of microstructures at micro-/nanoscales using state-of-the-art in situ and ex situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to develop a closer link between the deformation structure and underlying deformation mechanisms in some nc metallic materials. The thesis has primarily focused on the in situ TEM nanomechanics of the BE and rotational deformation of grains in nc palladium thin films. A sputtered thin film of nc Pd was deformed inside TEM by cyclic loading-unloading experiments and the evolving microstructure was studied in real-time under different TEM imaging modes. The stress-strain response of the film exhibited a characteristic non-linear unloading behavior confirming the BE in the film. The corresponding bright-field TEM imaging revealed evidence of partially reversible dislocation activity. Towards a quantitative understanding of the deformation structure in real-time, in situ nanomechanical testing was coupled with precession-assisted automated crystal orientation mapping in scanning TEM (ACOM-STEM). Global ACOM-STEM analysis offered crystal orientation of a large number of grains at different states of deformation and confirmed partially reversible rotations of nanosized grains fitting to the observed BE during loading and unloading. Analysis of intragranular rotations showed substantial changes in the sub-structure within most of these grains indicating a dominant role of dislocation-based processes in driving these rotations. Globally, an unusually random evolution of texture was seen that demonstrated the influence of deformation heterogeneity and grain interactions on the resulting texture characteristics in nc metals. In the quest of understanding the grain interactions, local investigations based on annular dark-field STEM imaging during loading-unloading showed reversible changes in the contrast of grains with sets of adjoining grains exhibiting a unique cooperative rotation. Local analysis of the density of geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) showed the formation of dislocation pile-up at grain boundaries due to the generation of back-stresses during unloading. Critical observations of the evolution of GND density offered greater insights into the mechanism of cooperative grain rotations and these rotations were related to grain structure and grain boundary characteristics. In addition to understanding the influence of grain structure and grain boundaries, the thesis has further investigated the role of heterointerfaces in sputtered Au-Cu and Cu-Cr nanocrystalline multilayered composites (NMCs) deformed under cyclic sliding contact. The microstructural evolution in the NMCs was investigated at different deformation states by classical TEM imaging, ACOM-STEM as well as energy-filtered TEM (EFTEM). Au-Cu NMC with an initial high density of twin boundaries deformed by stress-driven detwinning with a concurrent change in grain structure in both Au and Cu. The formation of a vortex structure was observed due to plastic flow instabilities at Au-Cu interfaces that led to codeformation and mechanical intermixing. Cu-Cr NMC showed a preferential grain growth in Cu layers whereas no noticeable change in the grain sizes was seen in Cr layers. The phase maps revealed sharp interfaces between Cu and Cr layers indicating no intermixing between the immiscible phases. EFTEM results exposed the cracking processes in Cr layers with a concurrent migration of Cu in the cracks. Overall, the thesis has attempted to analyze the competing deformation processes and relate these with the microstructural heterogeneity in terms of grain structure and GB and interfacial characteristics in nc metallic materials. |
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UA library record |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:189013 |
Serial |
7343 |
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Author |
Yang, C.-Q.; Zhi, R.; Rothmann, M.U.; Xu, Y.-Y.; Li, L.-Q.; Hu, Z.-Y.; Pang, S.; Cheng, Y.-B.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Li, W. |
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Title |
Unveiling the intrinsic structure and intragrain defects of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites by ultralow dose transmission electron microscopy |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Advanced materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Pages |
1-9 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful tool for unveiling the structural, compositional, and electronic properties of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) at the atomic to micrometer length scales. However, the structural and compositional instability of OIHPs under electron beam radiation results in misunderstandings of the microscopic structure-property-performance relationship in OIHP devices. Here, ultralow dose TEM is utilized to identify the mechanism of the electron-beam-induced changes in OHIPs and clarify the cumulative electron dose thresholds (critical dose) of different commercially interesting state-of-the-art OIHPs, including methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI(3)), formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI(3)), FA(0.83)Cs(0.17)PbI(3), FA(0.15)Cs(0.85)PbI(3), and MAPb(0.5)Sn(0.5)I(3). The critical dose is related to the composition of the OIHPs, with FA(0.15)Cs(0.85)PbI(3) having the highest critical dose of approximate to 84 e angstrom(-2) and FA(0.83)Cs(0.17)PbI(3) having the lowest critical dose of approximate to 4.2 e angstrom(-2). The electron beam irradiation results in the formation of a superstructure with ordered I and FA vacancies along (c), as identified from the three major crystal axes in cubic FAPbI(3), (c), (c), and (c). The intragrain planar defects in FAPbI(3) are stable, while an obvious modification is observed in FA(0.83)Cs(0.17)PbI(3) under continuous electron beam exposure. This information can serve as a guide for ensuring a reliable understanding of the microstructure of OIHP optoelectronic devices by TEM. |
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000950461600001 |
Publication Date |
2023-02-13 |
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ISSN |
0935-9648 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
29.4 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
Not_Open_Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 29.4; 2023 IF: 19.791 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:195116 |
Serial |
7349 |
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Author |
Grieten, E.; Storme, P.; Caen, J.; Schalm, O.; Schryvers, D. |
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Title |
Application of atmospheric plasma-jets for the conservation of cultural heritage |
Type |
P3 Proceeding |
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Year |
2015 |
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Keywords |
P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES) |
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UA library record |
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Times cited |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:149629 |
Serial |
7466 |
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Author |
Yang, T. |
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Title |
Characterization of Laves phase structural evolution and regulation of its precipitation behavior in Al-Zn-Mg based alloys |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Pages |
ii, 106 p. |
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Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Al-Zn-Mg-based high strength alloys are widely used in aerospace applications due to their low density and excellent mechanical properties. A systematic study of the structural evolution of the nano-precipitation phase and its growth mechanism is an important guide for the design of new high-strength alloys. In this work, the Laves structure precipitates in Al-Zn-Mg(-Cu/Y) alloy was systematically characterized. Based on the structure evolution, the structure of submicron Laves particles and quasicrystalline particles in the alloy at microscale, as well as the regulation of the precipitation behavior after adding Y at nanoscale were further investigated. The main innovative results are summarized as follows: (1) Investigation on coexistence of defect structures in Laves structural nanoprecipitates. Three types of Laves structures can coexist within the η-MgZn2 precipitates: C14, C15 and C36, and the Laves structure transition sequence of C14→C36→C15 in this system was determined. Meanwhile, it was found that there are diverse defect structures in the MgZn2 phase, including stacking faults, planar defects and five-fold domain structures, which have significant effects on relieving the internal stress/strain of the precipitates. (2) Investigation on multiple phase transition of Laves structural nanoprecipitates from C14 to C36 and from C14 to quasicrystal clusters. It is found that C14 precipitates can be completely transformed into the C36 precipitates. And it is also found that the C14 Laves phase structure can also transform into quasicrystalline clusters. These investigations on various phase transition mechanisms among Laves phases provide theoretical support for the microstructural characterization of materials containing multi-scale Laves phases. (3) Characterization of Laves and quasicrystal structural particles in submicron scale. Submicron-scale quasicrystal particles were obtained in conventional casting Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys for the first time. Industrial impurity elements Fe and Ni can induce the formation of quasicrystalline particles. When there is no Fe/Ni enriched in particles, the structure is characterized as C15-Laves phase. When Fe/Ni is as quasicrystalline core, a stable core-shell quasicrystalline structure with Al-Fe-Ni nucleus and Mg-Cu-Zn shell can be formed. (4) Investigation on the regulation of nanoscale Laves precipitates’ growth. To regulate the defect structure of the precipitates, rare earth element Y was added in Al-Zn-Mg alloys and its influence on the precipitation behavior was investigated. The addition of Y element can dynamically combine with different alloying elements during aging process, which can refine the size of precipitate and further improve the nucleation rate and precipitation rate of the precipitates. |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:196404 |
Serial |
7631 |
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Author |
Samaee, V. |
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Title |
In-situ transmission electron microscopic nanomechanical investigations of Ni |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
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Year |
2018 |
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Volume |
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Pages |
172 p. |
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Doctoral thesis; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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UA library record |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:156143 |
Serial |
8075 |
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Author |
Gauquelin, N.; Forte, F.; Jannis, D.; Fittipaldi, R.; Autieri, C.; Cuono, G.; Granata, V.; Lettieri, M.; Noce, C.; Miletto-Granozio, F.; Vecchione, A.; Verbeeck, J.; Cuoco, M. |
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Title |
Pattern Formation by Electric-Field Quench in a Mott Crystal |
Type |
A1 Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Nano letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
The control of Mott phase is intertwined with the spatial reorganization of the electronic states. Out-of-equilibrium driving forces typically lead to electronic patterns that are absent at equilibrium, whose nature is however often elusive. Here, we unveil a nanoscale pattern formation in the Ca2 RuO4 Mott insulator. We demonstrate how an applied electric field spatially reconstructs the insulating phase that, uniquely after switching off the electric field, exhibits nanoscale stripe domains. The stripe pattern has regions with inequivalent octahedral distortions that we directly observe through high-resolution scanning transmission electron
microscopy. The nanotexture depends on the orientation of the electric field, it is non-volatile and rewritable. We theoretically simulate the charge and orbital reconstruction induced by a quench dynamics of the applied electric field providing clear-cut mechanisms for the stripe phase formation. Our results open the path for the design of non-volatile electronics based on voltage-controlled nanometric phases. |
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001012061600001 |
Publication Date |
2023-05-18 |
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ISSN |
1530-6984 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
10.8 |
Times cited |
2 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innova- tion programme under grant agreement No 823717 – ESTEEM3. The Merlin camera used in the experiment received funding from the FWO-Hercules fund G0H4316N ’Direct electron detector 15for soft matter TEM’. C. A. and G. C. are supported by the Foundation for Polish Science through the International Research Agendas program co-financed by the European Union within the Smart Growth Operational Programme. C. A. and G. C. acknowledge the access to the computing facil- ities of the Interdisciplinary Center of Modeling at the University of Warsaw, Grant No. GB84-0, GB84-1 and GB84-7 and GB84-7 and Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center Grant No. 609.. C. A. and G. C. acknowledge the CINECA award under the ISCRA initiative IsC85 “TOP- MOST” Grant, for the availability of high-performance computing resources and support. We acknoweldge A. Guarino and C. Elia for providing support about the electrical characterization of the sample. M.C., R.F., and A.V. acknowledge support from the EU’s Horizon 2020213 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 964398 (SUPERGATE). |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 10.8; 2023 IF: 12.712 |
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Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @c:irua:196970 |
Serial |
8789 |
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Vlasov, E.; Skorikov, A.; Sánchez-Iglesias, A.; Liz-Marzán, L.M.; Verbeeck, J.; Bals, S. |
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Title |
Secondary electron induced current in scanning transmission electron microscopy: an alternative way to visualize the morphology of nanoparticles |
Type |
A1 Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
ACS materials letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
ACS Materials Lett. |
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Pages |
1916-1921 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Electron tomography (ET) is a powerful tool to determine the three-dimensional (3D) structure of nanomaterials in a transmission electron microscope. However, the acquisition of a conventional tilt series for ET is a time-consuming process and can therefore not provide 3D structural information in a time-efficient manner. Here, we propose surface-sensitive secondary electron (SE) imaging as an alternative to ET for the investigation of the morphology of nanomaterials. We use the SE electron beam induced current (SEEBIC) technique that maps the electrical current arising from holes generated by the emission of SEs from the sample. SEEBIC imaging can provide valuable information on the sample morphology with high spatial resolution and significantly shorter throughput times compared with ET. In addition, we discuss the contrast formation mechanisms that aid in the interpretation of SEEBIC data. |
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001006191600001 |
Publication Date |
2023-06-12 |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2639-4979 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
1 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
The funding for this project was provided by European Research Council (ERC Consolidator Grant 815128, REALNANO). J.V. acknowledges the eBEAM project, which is supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement no. 101017720 (FET-Proactive EBEAM). L.M.L.-M. acknowledges funding from MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (grant # PID2020-117779RB-I00). |
Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @c:irua:197004 |
Serial |
8795 |
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Author |
Sa, J.; Hu, N.; Heyvaert, W.; Van Gordon, K.; Li, H.; Wang, L.; Bals, S.; Liz-Marzán, L.M.; Ni, W. |
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Title |
Spontaneous Chirality Evolved at the Au–Ag Interface in Plasmonic Nanorods |
Type |
A1 Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Chemistry of materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem. Mater. |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Chiral ligands are considered a required ingredient during the synthesis of dissymmetric plasmonic metal nanocrystals. The mechanism behind the generation of chiral structures involves the formation of high Miller index chiral facets, induced by the adsorption of such chiral ligands. We found however that, chirality can also evolve spontaneously, without the involvement of any chiral ligands, during the co-deposition of Au and Ag on Au nanorods. When using a specific Au/Ag ratio, phase segregation of the two metals leads to an interface within the obtained AuAg shell, which can be exposed by removing the Ag component via oxidative etching. Although a close-to-racemic mixture of chiral Au nanorods with right and left handedness is found in solution, electron tomography analysis evidences left- and righthanded helicities, both at the Au-Ag interface and at the exposed surface of Au NRs after Ag etching. The helicity profile of the NRs indicates dominating inclination angles in a range from 30° to 60°. Single-particle optical characterization also reveals random handedness in the plasmonic response of individual nanorods. We hypothesize that, the origin of chirality is related with symmetry breaking during the co-deposition of Au and Ag, through an initial perturbation in a small region on the Au-Ag interface that eventually leads to chiral segregation throughout the nanocrystal. |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
001052093300001 |
Publication Date |
2023-08-21 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0897-4756 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record |
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Impact Factor |
8.6 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
The authors acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant 22074102). LMLM acknowledges funding from 26 MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and “ESF Investing in your future” (Grant PID2020- 117779RB-I00). This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 823717 – ESTEEM3.; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci?n, PID2020-117779RB-I00 ; H2020 Research Infrastructures, 823717 ; European Social Fund, PID2020-117779RB-I00 ; National Natural Science Foundation of China, 22074102 ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 8.6; 2023 IF: 9.466 |
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Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @c:irua:198151 |
Serial |
8810 |
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Author |
Conti, S.; Chaves, A.; Pandey, T.; Covaci, L.; Peeters, F.M.; Neilson, D.; Milošević, M.V. |
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Title |
Flattening conduction and valence bands for interlayer excitons in a moire MoS₂/WSe₂ heterobilayer |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Nanoscale |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-11 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Condensed Matter Theory (CMT) |
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Abstract |
We explore the flatness of conduction and valence bands of interlayer excitons in MoS2/WSe2 van der Waals heterobilayers, tuned by interlayer twist angle, pressure, and external electric field. We employ an efficient continuum model where the moire pattern from lattice mismatch and/or twisting is represented by an equivalent mesoscopic periodic potential. We demonstrate that the mismatch moire potential is too weak to produce significant flattening. Moreover, we draw attention to the fact that the quasi-particle effective masses around the Gamma-point and the band flattening are reduced with twisting. As an alternative approach, we show (i) that reducing the interlayer distance by uniform vertical pressure can significantly increase the effective mass of the moire hole, and (ii) that the moire depth and its band flattening effects are strongly enhanced by accessible electric gating fields perpendicular to the heterobilayer, with resulting electron and hole effective masses increased by more than an order of magnitude – leading to record-flat bands. These findings impose boundaries on the commonly generalized benefits of moire twistronics, while also revealing alternative feasible routes to achieve truly flat electron and hole bands to carry us to strongly correlated excitonic phenomena on demand. |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
001047512300001 |
Publication Date |
2023-07-25 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2040-3364; 2040-3372 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.7 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
Not_Open_Access: Available from 25.01.2024 |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.7; 2023 IF: 7.367 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:198290 |
Serial |
8819 |
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Author |
Chen, Q.; Skorikov, A.; van der Hoeven, J.E.S.; van Blaaderen, A.; Albrecht, W.; Perez-Garza, H.H.; Bals, S. |
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Title |
Estimation of temperature homogeneity in MEMS-based heating nanochips via quantitative HAADF-STEM tomography |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Particle and particle systems characterization |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
41 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
1-8 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Sample holders for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) based on micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) have recently become popular for investigating the behavior of nanomaterials under in situ or environmental conditions. The accuracy and reproducibility of these in situ holders are essential to ensure the reliability of experimental results. In addition, the uniformity of an applied temperature trigger across the MEMS chip is a crucial parameter. In this work, it is measured the temperature homogeneity of MEMS-based heating sample supports by locally analyzing the dynamics of heat-induced alloying of Au@Ag nanoparticles located in different regions of the support through quantitative fast high-angle annular dark-field scanning TEM tomography. These results demonstrate the superior temperature homogeneity of a microheater design based on a heating element shaped as a circular spiral with a width decreasing outwards compared to a double spiral-shaped designed microheater. The proposed approach to measure the local temperature homogeneity based on the thermal properties of bimetallic nanoparticles will support the future development of MEMS-based heating supports with improved thermal properties and in situ studies where high precision in the temperature at a certain position is required. This schematic delineates an approach to quantifying potential localized temperature deviation within a nanochip. Employing two comparable nanoparticles as thermal probes in discrete nanochip regions, the alloying kinetics of these nanoparticles are monitorable using in situ quantitative high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) tomography, thus enabling the precise estimation of local temperature deviations.image |
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Corporate Author |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
001060394600001 |
Publication Date |
2023-09-08 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0934-0866 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record |
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Impact Factor |
2.7 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
Not_Open_Access |
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Notes |
This project was funded from the European Commission and The Marie Sklodowska-Curie Innovative Training Network MUMMERING (Grant Agreement no. 765604) |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.7; 2023 IF: 4.474 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:199219 |
Serial |
8863 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
