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Author | Heyne, M.H.; de Marneffe, J.-F.; Radu, I.; Neyts, E.C.; De Gendt, S. | ||||
Title | Thermal recrystallization of short-range ordered WS2 films | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2018 | Publication | Journal of vacuum science and technology: A: vacuum surfaces and films | Abbreviated Journal | J Vac Sci Technol A |
Volume | 36 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 05g501 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | The integration of van der Waals materials in nanoelectronic devices requires the deposition of few-layered MX2 films with excellent quality crystals covering a large area. In recent years, astonishing progress in the monolayer growth of WS2 and MoS2 was demonstrated, but multilayer growth resulted often in separated triangular or hexagonal islands. These polycrystalline films cannot fully employ the specific MX2 properties since they are not connected in-plane to the other domains. To coalesce separated islands, ultrahigh-temperature postdeposition anneals in H2S are applied, which are not compatible with bare silicon substrates. Starting from the deposition of stoichiometric short-ordered films, the present work studies different options for subsequent high-temperature annealing in an inert atmosphere to form crystalline films with large grains from stoichiometric films with small grains. The rapid thermal annealing, performed over a few seconds, is compared to excimer laser annealing in the nanosecond range, which are both able to crystallize the thin WS2. The WS2 recrystallization temperature can be lowered using metallic crystallization promoters (Co and Ni). The best result is obtained using a Co cap, due to the circumvention of Co and S binary phase formation below the eutectic temperature. The recrystallization above a critical temperature is accompanied by sulfur loss and 3D regrowth. These undesired effects can be suppressed by the application of a dielectric capping layer prior to annealing. A SiO2 cap can suppress the sulfur loss successfully during annealing and reveals improved material quality in comparison to noncapped films Published by the AVS. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | New York, N.Y. | Editor | ||
Language | Wos | 000444033200002 | Publication Date | 2018-07-05 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0734-2101 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 1.374 | Times cited | 2 | Open Access | Not_Open_Access |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 1.374 | |||
Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:153671 | Serial | 5134 | ||
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Author | Dabral, A.; Pourtois, G.; Sankaran, K.; Magnus, W.; Yu, H.; de de Meux, A.J.; Lu, A.K.A.; Clima, S.; Stokbro, K.; Schaekers, M.; Collaert, N.; Horiguchi, N.; Houssa, M. | ||||
Title | Study of the intrinsic limitations of the contact resistance of metal/semiconductor interfaces through atomistic simulations | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
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2018 | Publication | ECS journal of solid state science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Ecs J Solid State Sc |
Volume | 7 | Issue | 6 | Pages | N73-N80 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | In this contribution, we report a fundamental study of the factors that set the contact resistivity between metals and highly doped n-type 2D and 3D semiconductors. We investigate the case of n-type doped Si contacted with amorphous TiSi combining first principles calculations with Non-Equilibrium Green functions transport simulations. The evolution of the intrinsic contact resistivity with the doping concentration is found to saturate at similar to 2 x 10(-10) Omega.cm(2) for the case of TiSi and imposes an intrinsic limit to the ultimate contact resistance achievable for n-doped Silamorphous-TiSi (aTiSi). The limit arises from the intrinsic properties of the semiconductors and of the metals such as their electron effective masses and Fermi energies. We illustrate that, in this regime, contacting heavy electron effective mass metals with semiconductor helps reducing the interface intrinsic contact resistivity. This observation seems to hold true regardless of the 3D character of the semiconductor, as illustrated for the case of three 2D semiconducting materials, namely MoS2, ZrS2 and HfS2. (C) The Author(s) 2018. Published by ECS. | ||||
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Publisher | Electrochemical society | Place of Publication | Pennington (N.J.) | Editor | |
Language | Wos | 000440836000004 | Publication Date | 2018-05-25 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 2162-8769; 2162-8777 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 1.787 | Times cited | 2 | Open Access | Not_Open_Access |
Notes | ; The authors thank the imec core CMOS program members, the European Commission, its TAKEMI5 ECSEL research project and the local authorities for their support. ; | Approved | Most recent IF: 1.787 | ||
Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:153205UA @ admin @ c:irua:153205 | Serial | 5130 | ||
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Author | Dhayalan, S.K.; Kujala, J.; Slotte, J.; Pourtois, G.; Simoen, E.; Rosseel, E.; Hikavyy, A.; Shimura, Y.; Loo, R.; Vandervorst, W. | ||||
Title | On the evolution of strain and electrical properties in as-grown and annealed Si:P epitaxial films for source-drain stressor applications | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2018 | Publication | ECS journal of solid state science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Ecs J Solid State Sc |
Volume | 7 | Issue | 5 | Pages | P228-P237 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Heavily P doped Si:P epitaxial layers have gained interest in recent times as a promising source-drain stressor material for n type FinFETs (Fin Field Effect Transistors). They are touted to provide excellent conductivity as well as tensile strain. Although the as-grown layers do provide tensile strain, their conductivity exhibits an unfavorable behavior. It reduces with increasing P concentration (P > 1E21 at/cm(3)), accompanied by a saturation in the active carrier concentration. Subjecting the layers to laser annealing increases the conductivity and activates a fraction of P atoms. However, there is also a concurrent reduction in tensile strain (<1%). Literature proposes the formation of local semiconducting Si3P4 complexes to explain the observed behaviors in Si:P [Z. Ye et al., ECS Trans., 50(9) 2013, p. 1007-10111. The development of tensile strain and the saturation in active carrier is attributed to the presence of local complexes while their dispersal on annealing is attributed to strain reduction and increase in active carrier density. However, the existence of such local complexes is not proven and a fundamental void exists in understanding the structure-property correlation in Si:P films. In this respect, our work investigates the reason behind the evolution of strain and electrical properties in the as-grown and annealed Si:P epitaxial layers using ab-initio techniques and corroborate the results with physical characterization techniques. It will be shown that the strain developed in Si:P films is not due to any specific complexes while the formation of Phosphorus-vacancy complexes will be shown responsible for the carrier saturation and the increase in resistivity in the as-grown films. Interstitial/precipitate formation is suggested to be a reason for the strain loss in the annealed films. (C) The Author(s) 2018. Published by ECS. | ||||
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Publisher | Electrochemical society | Place of Publication | Pennington (N.J.) | Editor | |
Language | Wos | 000440834200010 | Publication Date | 2018-05-01 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 2162-8769; 2162-8777 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 1.787 | Times cited | 4 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 1.787 | |||
Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:153204 | Serial | 5122 | ||
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Author | Pahlke, P.; Sieger, M.; Ottolinger, R.; Lao, M.; Eisterer, M.; Meledin, A.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Haenisch, J.; Holzapfel, B.; Schultz, L.; Nielsch, K.; Huehne, R. | ||||
Title | Influence of artificial pinning centers on structural and superconducting properties of thick YBCO films on ABAD-YSZ templates | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2018 | Publication | Superconductor science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Supercond Sci Tech |
Volume | 31 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 044007 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) | ||||
Abstract | Recent efforts in the development of YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) coated conductors are devoted to the increase of the critical current I-c in magnetic fields. This is typically realized by growing thicker YBCO layers as well as by the incorporation of artificial pinning centers. We studied the growth of doped YBCO layers with a thickness of up to 7 mu m using pulsed laser deposition with a growth rate of about 1.2 nm s(-1). Industrially fabricated ion-beam textured YSZ templates based on metal tapes were used as substrates for this study. The incorporation of BaHfO3 (BHO) or Ba2Y(Nb0.5Ta0.5)O-6 (BYNTO) secondary phase additions leads to a denser microstructure compared to undoped films. A purely c-axis-oriented YBCO growth is preserved up to a thickness of about 4 mu m, whereas misoriented texture components were observed in thicker films. The critical temperature is slightly reduced compared to undoped films and independent of film thickness. The critical current density J(c) of the BHO- and BYNTO-doped YBCO layers is lower at 77 K and self-field compared to pure YBCO layers; however, I-c increases up to a thickness of 5 mu m. A comparison between films with a thickness of 1.3 mu m revealed that the anisotropy of the critical current density J(c)(theta) strongly depends on the incorporated pinning centers. Whereas BHO nanorods lead to a strong B vertical bar vertical bar c-axis peak, the overall anisotropy is significantly reduced by the incorporation of BYNTO forming a mixture of short c-axis-oriented nanorods and small (a-b)-oriented platelets. As a result, the J(c) values of the doped films outperform the undoped samples at higher fields and lower temperatures for most magnetic field directions. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | ||
Language | Wos | 000442196400001 | Publication Date | 2018-02-15 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0953-2048 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 2.878 | Times cited | 9 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
Notes | ; The authors acknowledge financial support from EURO-TAPES, a collaborative project funded by the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/ 2007-2013) under Grant Agreement no. 280432. We thank A Usoskin (Bruker HTS GmbH, Germany) for the provision of buffered templates, and M Bianchetti, A Kursumovic and J L Mac-Manus-Driscoll (University of Cambridge, UK) for the supply of BYNTO targets. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance of J Scheiter, M Kuhnel, U Besold (IFW) and R Nast (KIT). ; | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.878 | ||
Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:153775 | Serial | 5108 | ||
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Author | Zhang, Q.-Z.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Capacitive electrical asymmetry effect in an inductively coupled plasma reactor | Type | A1 Journal Article | ||
Year ![]() |
2018 | Publication | Plasma Sources Science & Technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 27 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 105019 |
Keywords | A1 Journal Article; electrical asymmetry effect, inductively coupled plasma, self-bias, independent control of the ion fluxes and ion energy; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ; | ||||
Abstract | The electrical asymmetry effect is realized by applying multiple frequency power sources (13.56 MHz and 27.12 MHz) to a capacitively biased substrate electrode in a specific inductively coupled plasma reactor. On the one hand, by adjusting the phase angle θ between the multiple frequency power sources, an almost linear self-bias develops on the substrate electrode, and consequently the ion energy can be well modulated, while the ion flux stays constant within a large range of θ. On the other hand, the plasma density and ion flux can be significantly modulated by tuning the inductive power supply, while only inducing a small change in the self- bias. Independent control of self-bias/ion energy and ion flux can thus be realized in this specific inductively coupled plasma reactor. |
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000448434100001 | Publication Date | 2018-10-26 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1361-6595 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 1 | Open Access | Not_Open_Access |
Notes | We acknowledge financial support from the European Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship within H2020 (Grant Agreement 702604). This work was carried out in part using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen, a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the University of Antwerp. | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:155506 | Serial | 5069 | ||
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Author | Zhang, Q.-Z.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Plasma streamer propagation in structured catalysts | Type | A1 Journal Article | ||
Year ![]() |
2018 | Publication | Plasma Sources Science & Technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 27 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 105013 |
Keywords | A1 Journal Article; plasma catalysis, streamer propagation, 3D structures, PIC/MCC; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ; | ||||
Abstract | Plasma catalysis is gaining increasing interest for various environmental applications. Catalytic material can be inserted in different shapes in the plasma, e.g., as pellets, (coated) beads, but also as honeycomb monolith and 3DFD structures, also called ‘structured catalysts’, which have high mass and heat transfer properties. In this work, we examine the streamer discharge propagation and the interaction between plasma and catalysts, inside the channels of such structured catalysts, by means of a two-dimensional particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision model. Our results reveal that plasma streamers behave differently in various structured catalysts. In case of a honeycomb structure, the streamers are limited to only one channel, with low or high plasma density when the channels are parallel or perpendicular to the electrodes, respectively. In contrast, in case of a 3DFD structure, the streamers can distribute to different channels, causing discharge enhancement due to surface charging on the dielectric walls of the structured catalyst, and especially giving rise to a broader plasma distribution. The latter should be beneficial for plasma catalysis applications, as it allows a larger catalyst surface area to be exposed to the plasma. |
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000448131900002 | Publication Date | 2018-10-22 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1361-6595 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 3 | Open Access | Not_Open_Access |
Notes | We acknowledge financial support from the European Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship within H2020 (Grant Agreement 702604). This work was carried out in part using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen, a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the University of Antwerp. | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:155510 | Serial | 5068 | ||
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Author | Sóti, V.; Lenaerts, S.; Cornet, I. | ||||
Title | Of enzyme use in cost-effective high solid simultaneous saccharification and fermentation processes | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2018 | Publication | Journal of biotechnology | Abbreviated Journal | J Biotechnol |
Volume | 270 | Issue | 270 | Pages | 70-76 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL); Biochemical Wastewater Valorization & Engineering (BioWaVE) | ||||
Abstract | Enzyme cost is considered to be one of the most significant factors defining the final product price in lignocellulose hydrolysis and fermentation. Enzyme immobilization and recycling can be a tool to decrease costs. However, high solid loading is a key factor towards high product titers, and recovery of immobilized enzymes from this thick liquid is often overlooked. This paper aims to evaluate the economic feasibility of immobilized enzymes in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of lignocellulose biomass in general, as well as the recuperation of magnetic immobilized enzymes (m-CLEAs) during high solid loading in simultaneous saccharification, detoxification and fermentation processes (SSDF) of lignocellulose biomass. Enzyme prices were obtained from general cost estimations by Klein-Marcuschamer et al. [Klein-Marcuschamer et al. (2012) Biotechnol. Bioeng. 109, 10831087]. During enzyme cost analysis, the influence of inoculum recirculation as well as a shortened fermentation time was explored. Both resulted in 15% decrease of final enzyme product price. Enzyme recuperation was investigated experimentally and 99.5 m/m% of m-CLEAs was recovered from liquid medium in one step, while 88 m/m% could still be recycled from a thick liquid with high solid concentrations (SSF fermentation broth). A mathematical model was constructed to calculate the cost of immobilized and free enzyme utilization and showed that, with current process efficiencies and commercial enzyme prices, the cost reduction obtained by enzyme immobilization can reach around 60% compared to free enzyme utilization, while lower enzyme prices will result in a lower percentage of immobilization related savings, but overall enzyme costs will decrease significantly. These results are applied in a case study, estimating the viability of shifting from sugar to lignocellulose substrate for a 100 t lactic acid fermentation batch. It was concluded that it will only be economically feasible if the enzymes are produced at the most optimistic variable cost and either the activity of the immobilized catalyst or the recovery efficiency is further increased. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000427556400009 | Publication Date | 2018-02-08 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0168-1656 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 2.599 | Times cited | 6 | Open Access | |
Notes | ; This research is financed by the University of Antwerp [project number 15 FA100 002]. ; | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.599 | ||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:149006 | Serial | 5974 | ||
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Author | Blommaerts, N.; Dingenen, F.; Middelkoop, V.; Savelkouls, J.; Goemans, M.; Tytgat, T.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Lenaerts, S. | ||||
Title | Ultrafast screening of commercial sorbent materials for VOC adsorption using real-time FTIR spectroscopy | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2018 | Publication | Separation and purification technology | Abbreviated Journal | Sep Purif Technol |
Volume | 207 | Issue | 207 | Pages | 284-290 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) | ||||
Abstract | Recovery of valuable volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from waste streams is of great industrial importance. Adsorption on zeolites offers an economically and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional activated carbon. When evaluating the suitability of a given zeolite for a particular adsorption application, its adsorption capacity has to be determined. This is traditionally achieved using gas chromatography as an analysis tool, yielding only a few discrete sampling points that constitute the adsorption profile. Meanwhile, only low flow rates and low concentrations of volatile organics can be used, rendering the procedure troublesome and time consuming. Herein, we propose a tool for the fast screening of a large amount of zeolites using on-line and quasi real-time Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The technique was used to determine the adsorption capacity of three different commercial zeolites and two silica gels, for five industrially relevant VOCs: acetone; methanol; isohexane; isopentane; and toluene. A series of rapid measurements of the individual adsorption capacities were carried out to obtain a detailed overview of the versatility of the proposed method for the characterization of multi-component and multi-sorption bed systems. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000445987500032 | Publication Date | 2018-06-27 | |
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1383-5866 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.359 | Times cited | 5 | Open Access | |
Notes | ; We would like to thank Vlaams Agenschap Innoveren & Ondernemen (VLAIO) for financial support. The authors would also like to thank Kureha GmbH, Germany for kindly supplying us with their BAC (R) (bead-shaped activated carbon) samples. ; | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.359 | ||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:154694 | Serial | 6000 | ||
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Author | Thomassen, G.; Van Dael, M.; Van Passel, S. | ||||
Title | The potential of microalgae biorefineries in Belgium and India : an environmental techno-economic assessment | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
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2018 | Publication | Bioresource Technology | Abbreviated Journal | Bioresource Technol |
Volume | 267 | Issue | 267 | Pages | 271-280 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM) | ||||
Abstract | This study performs an environmental techno-economic assessment (ETEA) for multiple microalgae biorefinery concepts at different locations, those being Belgium and India. The ETEA methodology, which integrates aspects of the TEA and LCA methodologies and provides a clear framework for an integrated assessment model, has been proposed and discussed. The scenario in India has a higher profitability with a NPV of (sic)40 million over a period of 10 years, while the environmental impact in Belgium is lower. The inclusion of a medium recycling step provides the best scenario from both perspectives. The crucial parameters for feasibility are the beta-caroteneprice and content, the upstream environmental impact of electricity and the maximum biomass concentration during cultivation. The identification of these parameters by the ETEA guides future technology developments and shortens the time-to-market for microalgal-based biorefineries. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000441876100034 | Publication Date | 2018-07-10 | |
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0960-8524 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 5.651 | Times cited | 8 | Open Access | |
Notes | ; ; | Approved | Most recent IF: 5.651 | ||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:153599 | Serial | 6270 | ||
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Author | Adelmann, C.; Sankaran, K.; Dutta, S.; Gupta, A.; Kundu, S.; Jamieson, G.; Moors, K.; Pinna, N.; Ciofi, I.; Van Elshocht, S.; Bommels, J.; Boccardi, G.; Wilson, C.J.; Pourtois, G.; Tokei, Z. | ||||
Title | Alternative Metals: from ab initio Screening to Calibrated Narrow Line Models | Type | P1 Proceeding | ||
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2018 | Publication | Proceedings of the IEEE ... International Interconnect Technology Conference T2 – IEEE International Interconnect Technology Conference (IITC), JUN 04-07, 2018, Santa Clara, CA | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 154-156 | ||
Keywords | P1 Proceeding; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | We discuss the selection and assessment of alternative metals by a combination of ab initio computation of electronic properties, experimental resistivity assessments, and calibrated line resistance models. Pt-group metals as well as Nb are identified as the most promising elements, with Ru showing the best combination of material properties and process maturity. An experimental assessment of the resistivity of Ru, Ir, and Co lines down to similar to 30 nm(2) is then used to devise compact models for line and via resistance that can be compared to Cu predictions. The main advantage of alternative metals originates from the possibility for barrierless metallization. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000468672900051 | Publication Date | 2018-09-06 | |
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ISSN | 978-1-5386-4337-2; 978-1-5386-4337-2 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | |||
Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:160473 | Serial | 7436 | ||
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Author | Alloul, A.; Ganigue, R.; Spiller, M.; Meerburg, F.; Cagnetta, C.; Rabaey, K.; Vlaeminck, S.E. | ||||
Title | Capture-ferment-upgrade : a three-step approach for the valorization of sewage organics as commodities | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
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2018 | Publication | Environmental science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 52 | Issue | 12 | Pages | 6729-6742 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) | ||||
Abstract | This critical review outlines a roadmap for the conversion of chemical oxygen demand (COD) contained in sewage to commodities based on three-steps: capture COD as sludge, ferment it to volatile fatty acids (VFA), and upgrade VFA to products. The article analyzes the state-of-the-art of this three step approach and discusses the bottlenecks and challenges. The potential of this approach is illustrated for the European Union's 28 member states (EU-28) through Monte Carlo simulations. High-rate contact stabilization captures the highest amount of COD (66-86 g COD person equivalent(-1) day(-1) in 60% of the iterations). Combined with thermal hydrolysis, this would lead to a VFA-yield of 23-44 g COD person equivalent(-1) day(-1). Upgrading VFA generated by the EU-28 would allow, in 60% of the simulations, for a yearly production of 0.2-2.0 megatonnes of esters, 0.7-1.4 megatonnes of polyhydroxyalkanoates or 0.6-2.2 megatonnes of microbial protein substituting, respectively, 20-273%, 70-140% or 21-72% of their global counterparts (i.e., petrochemical-based esters, bioplastics or fishmeal). From these flows, we conclude that sewage has a strong potential as biorefinery feedstock, although research is needed to enhance capture, fermentation and upgrading efficiencies. These developments need to be supported by economic/environmental analyses and policies that incentivize a more sustainable management of our resources. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000436018900004 | Publication Date | 2018-05-17 | |
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0013-936x; 1520-5851 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | |||
Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:151968 | Serial | 7574 | ||
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Author | Hu, J.; Zhao, J.; Wang, D.; Li, X.; Zhang, D.; Xu, Q.; Peng, L.; Yang, Q.; Zeng, G. | ||||
Title | Effect of diclofenac on the production of volatile fatty acids from anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2018 | Publication | Bioresource technology | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 254 | Issue | Pages | 7-15 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) | ||||
Abstract | In this study, the impact of diclofenac (DCF), an antiinflammatory drug being extensively used in human health care and veterinary treatment, on the production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge (WAS) was investigated for the first time. Experimental results showed that when DCF concentration increased from 2.5 to 25 mg/kg total suspended solid (TSS), the maximum production of VFAs increased from 599 to 1113 mg COD/L, but further increase of DCF to 47.5 mg/kg TSS decreased VFAs yield to 896 mg COD/L. The mechanism investigation revealed that DCF had no effect on the hydrolysis process, promoted the process of acidogenesis, acetogenesis, and homoacetogenesis, but severely inhibited methanogenesis, leading to the accumulation of VFAs. Microbial community analysis showed that the addition of DCF could promote the relative abundance of VFAs (especially acetic acid) producers, which was well consistent with the results obtained above. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000426436100002 | Publication Date | 2018-01-13 | |
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0960-8524 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | |||
Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:149849 | Serial | 7837 | ||
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Author | De Cocker, P.; Bessiere, Y.; Hernandez-Raquet, G.; Dubos, S.; Mozo, I.; Gaval, G.; Caligaris, M.; Barillon, B.; Vlaeminck, S.E.; Sperandio, M. | ||||
Title | Enrichment and adaptation yield high anammox conversion rates under low temperatures | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2018 | Publication | Bioresource technology | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 250 | Issue | Pages | 505-512 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) | ||||
Abstract | This study compared two anammox sequencing batch reactors (SBR) for one year. SBRconstantT was kept at 30 °C while temperature in SBRloweringT was decreased step-wise from 30 °C to 20 °C and 15 °C followed by over 140 days at 12.5 °C and 10 °C. High retention of anammox bacteria (AnAOB) and minimization of competition with AnAOB were key. 5-L anoxic reactors with the same inoculum were fed synthetic influent containing 25.9 mg NH4+-N/L and 34.1 mg NO2−-N/L (no COD). Specific ammonium removal rates continuously increased in SBRconstantT, reaching 785 mg NH4+-N/gVSS/d, and were maintained in SBRloweringT, reaching 82.2 and 91.8 mg NH4+-N/gVSS/d at 12.5 and 10 °C respectively. AnAOB enrichment (increasing hzsA and 16S rDNA gene concentrations) and adaptation (shift from Ca. Brocadia to Ca. Kuenenia in SBRloweringT) contributed to these high rates. Rapidly settling granules developed, with average diameters of 1.2 (SBRconstantT) and 1.6 mm (SBRloweringT). Results reinforce the potential of anammox for mainstream applications. | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000430740000062 | Publication Date | 2017-11-25 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0960-8524 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | |||
Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:148998 | Serial | 7920 | ||
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Author | Sankaran, K.; Moors, K.; Dutta, S.; Adelmann, C.; Tokei, Z.; Pourtois, G. | ||||
Title | Metallic ceramics for low resitivity interconnects : an ab initio insight | Type | P1 Proceeding | ||
Year ![]() |
2018 | Publication | Proceedings of the IEEE ... International Interconnect Technology Conference T2 – IEEE International Interconnect Technology Conference (IITC), JUN 04-07, 2018, Santa Clara, CA | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 160-162 | ||
Keywords | P1 Proceeding; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | The scalability potential of low resistivity ternary metallic alloys (MAX) as an interconnect medium has been benchmarked against copper through first-principle simulations. We report that some carbon and nitrogen MAX phases have the potential to display a reduced sensitivity of their intrinsic resistivity to scaling, while showing improved electromigration properties. | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000468672900053 | Publication Date | ||
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 978-1-5386-4337-2; 978-1-5386-4337-2 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | |||
Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:160474 | Serial | 8219 | ||
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Author | Liu, Y.; Ngo, H.H.; Guo, W.; Peng, L.; Chen, X.; Wang, D.; Pan, Y.; Ni, B.-J. | ||||
Title | Modeling electron competition among nitrogen oxides reduction and N2Oaccumulation in hydrogenotrophic denitrification | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2018 | Publication | Biotechnology and bioengineering | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 115 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 978-988 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) | ||||
Abstract | Hydrogenotrophic denitrification is a novel and sustainable process for nitrogen removal, which utilizes hydrogen as electron donor, and carbon dioxide as carbon source. Recent studies have shown that nitrous oxide (N2O), a highly undesirable intermediate and potent greenhouse gas, can accumulate during this process. In this work, a new mathematical model is developed to describe nitrogen oxides dynamics, especially N2O, during hydrogenotrophic denitrification for the first time. The model describes electron competition among the four steps of hydrogenotrophic denitrification through decoupling hydrogen oxidation and nitrogen reduction processes using electron carriers, in contrast to the existing models that couple these two processes and also do not consider N2O accumulation. The developed model satisfactorily describes experimental data on nitrogen oxides dynamics obtained from two independent hydrogenotrophic denitrifying cultures under various hydrogen and nitrogen oxides supplying conditions, suggesting the validity and applicability of the model. The results indicated that N2O accumulation would not be intensified under hydrogen limiting conditions, due to the higher electron competition capacity of N2O reduction in comparison to nitrate and nitrite reduction during hydrogenotrophic denitrification. The model is expected to enhance our understanding of the process during hydrogenotrophic denitrification and the ability to predict N2O accumulation. | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000426493300016 | Publication Date | 2017-12-14 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0006-3592 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | |||
Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:149850 | Serial | 8261 | ||
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Author | Muys, M.; Coppens, J.; Boon, N.; Vlaeminck, S.E. | ||||
Title | Photosynthetic oxygenation for urine nitrification | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2018 | Publication | Water science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 78 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 183-194 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) | ||||
Abstract | |||||
Address | |||||
Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000445517100020 | Publication Date | 2018-05-09 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0273-1223; 1996-9732 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | |||
Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:152908 | Serial | 8381 | ||
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Author | Agrawal, S.; Seuntjens, D.; De Cocker, P.; Lackner, S.; Vlaeminck, S.E. | ||||
Title | Success of mainstream partial nitritation/anammox demands integration of engineering, microbiome and modeling insights | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2018 | Publication | Current opinion in biotechnology | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 50 | Issue | Pages | 214-221 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) | ||||
Abstract | Twenty years ago, mainstream partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) was conceptually proposed as pivotal for a more sustainable treatment of municipal wastewater. Its economic potential spurred research, yet practice awaits a comprehensive recipe for microbial resource management. Implementing mainstream PN/A requires transferable and operable ways to steer microbial competition as to meet discharge requirements on a year-round basis at satisfactory conversion rates. In essence, the competition for nitrogen, organic carbon and oxygen is grouped into ON/OFF (suppression/promotion) and IN/OUT (wash-out/retention and seeding) strategies, selecting for desirable conversions and microbes. Some insights need mechanistic understanding, while empirical observations suffice elsewhere. The provided methodological R&D framework integrates insights in engineering, microbiome and modeling. Such synergism should catalyze the implementation of energy-positive sewage treatment. | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000430903400028 | Publication Date | 2018-02-17 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0958-1669 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | |||
Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:149977 | Serial | 8616 | ||
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Author | Vandekerckhove, T.G.L.; Kobayashi, K.; Janda, J.; Van Nevel, S.; Vlaeminck, S.E. | ||||
Title | Sulfur-based denitrification treating regeneration water from ion exchange at high performance and low cost | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2018 | Publication | Bioresource technology | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 257 | Issue | Pages | 266-273 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) | ||||
Abstract | Autotrophic denitrification with sulfur is an underexplored alternative to heterotrophic denitrification to remove nitrate from wastewater poor in organics. The application on ion exchange regeneration water (19.432.1 mS cm−1) is novel. Three fixed bed reactors were tested at 15 °C for >4 months, inoculated with activated sludge from sewage treatment. All were fast in start-up (<10 days) with high performance (94 ± 2% removal efficiency). pH control with NaOH rendered higher nitrate removal rates than limestone addition to the bed (211 ± 13 vs. 102 ± 13 mg N L−1 d−1), related to higher pH (6.64 vs. 6.24) and sulfur surface area. Bacterial communities were strongly enriched in Sulfurimonas (6367%) and Thiobacillus (2426%). In an economic comparison, sulfur-based denitrification (5.3 kg−1 N) was 15% cheaper than methanol-based denitrification (6.22 kg−1 N) and both treatments were opex dominated (85.9 vs. 86.5%). Overall, the technological and economic feasibility should boost further implementation of sulfurotrophic denitrification. | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000430401100033 | Publication Date | 2018-02-13 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0960-8524 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | |||
Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:149975 | Serial | 8619 | ||
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Author | Seuntjens, D.; Van Tendeloo, M.; Chatzigiannidou, I.; Carvajal-Arroyo, J.M.; Vandendriessche, S.; Vlaeminck, S.E.; Boon, N. | ||||
Title | Synergistic exposure of return-sludge to anaerobic starvation, sulfide and free ammonia to suppress nitrite oxidizing bacteria | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2018 | Publication | Environmental science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 52 | Issue | 15 | Pages | 8725-8732 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) | ||||
Abstract | A key step toward energy-positive sewage treatment is the development of mainstream partial nitritation/anammox, a nitrogen removal technology where aerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AerAOB) are desired, while nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) are not. To suppress NOB, a novel return-sludge treatment was investigated. Single and combined effects of sulfide (0-600 mg S L-1), anaerobic starvation (0-8 days), and a free ammonia (FA) shock (30 mg FA-N L-1 for 1 h) were tested for immediate effects and long-term recovery. AerAOB and NOB were inhibited immediately and proportionally by sulfide, with AerAOB better coping with the inhibition, while the short FA shock and anaerobic starvation had minor effects. Combinatory effects inhibited AerAOB and NOB more strongly. A combined treatment of sulfide (150 mg S L-1), 2 days of anaerobic starvation, and FA shock (30 mg FA-N L-1) inhibited AerAOB 14% more strongly compared to sulfide addition alone, while the AerAOB/NOB activity ratio remained constant. Despite no positive change being observed in the immediate-stress response, AerAOB recovered much faster than NOB, with a nitrite accumulation ratio (effluent nitrite on nitrite + nitrate) peak of 50% after 12 days. Studying long-term recovery is therefore crucial for design of an optimal NOB-suppression treatment, while applying combined stressors regularly may lead toward practical implementation. | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000441477600073 | Publication Date | 2018-05-22 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0013-936x; 1520-5851 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | |||
Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:152909 | Serial | 8635 | ||
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Author | Vandekerckhove, T.G.L.; De Mulder, C.; Boon, N.; Vlaeminck, S.E. | ||||
Title | Temperature impact on sludge yield, settleability and kinetics of three heterotrophic conversions corroborates the prospect of thermophilic biological nitrogen removal | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2018 | Publication | Bioresource technology | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 269 | Issue | Pages | 104-112 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) | ||||
Abstract | In specific municipal and industrial cases, thermophilic wastewater treatment (>45 °C) might bring cost advantages over commonly applied mesophilic processes (1035 °C). To develop such a novel process, one needs sound parameters on kinetics, sludge yield and sludge settleability of three heterotrophic conversions: aerobic carbon removal, denitritation and denitrification. These features were evaluated in acetate-fed sequencing batch reactors (30, 40, 50 and 60 °C). Higher temperatures were accompanied by lower sludge production and maximum specific removal rates, resulting mainly from lower maximum growth rates. Thermophilic denitritation was demonstrated for the first time, with lower sludge production (1826%), higher nitrogen removal rates (2492%) and lower carbon requirement (40%) compared to denitrification. Acceptable settling of thermophilic aerobic (60 °C) and anoxic biomass (50 and 60 °C) was obtained. Overall, this parameter set may catalyze the establishment of thermophilic nitrogen removal, once nitritation and nitratation are characterized. Furthermore, waters with low COD/N ratio might benefit from thermophilic nitritation/denitritation. | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000445897400014 | Publication Date | 2018-08-04 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0960-8524 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | |||
Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:152946 | Serial | 8646 | ||
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Author | Yu, H.; Schaekers, M.; Chew, S.A.; Eyeraert, J.-L.; Dabral, A.; Pourtois, G.; Horiguchi, N.; Mocuta, D.; Collaert, N.; De Meyer, K. | ||||
Title | Titanium (germano-)silicides featuring 10-9 Ω.cm2 contact resistivity and improved compatibility to advanced CMOS technology | Type | P1 Proceeding | ||
Year ![]() |
2018 | Publication | 2018 18th International Workshop On Junction Technology (iwjt) | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 80-84 T2 - 18th International Workshop on Junction | ||
Keywords | P1 Proceeding; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | uIn this work, we discuss three novel Ti (germano-)silicidation techniques featuring respectively the pre-contact amorphization implantation (PCAI), the TiSi co-deposition, and Ti atomic layer deposition (ALD). All three techniques form TiSix(Ge-y) contacts with ultralow contact resistivity (rho(c)) of (1-3)x10(-9) Omega.cm(2) on both highly doped n-Si and p-SiGe substrates: these techniques meet rho(c) requirement of 5-14 nm CMOS technology and feature unified CMOS contact solutions. We further discuss the compatibility of these techniques to the realistic CMOS transistor fabrication. | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000502768600020 | Publication Date | ||
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 978-1-5386-4511-6; 978-1-5386-4511-6 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record | |
Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | |||
Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:165190 | Serial | 8673 | ||
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Author | Kontogiannidou, E.; Karavasili, C.; Kouskoura, M.G.; Filippousi, M.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Andreadis, I.I.; Eleftheriadis, G.K.; Kontopoulou, I.; Markopoulou, C.K.; Bouropoulos, N.; Fatouros, D.G. | ||||
Title | In vitro and ex vivo assessment of microporous Faujasite zeolite (NaX-FAU) as a carrier for the oral delivery of danazol | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2019 | Publication | Journal of drug delivery science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | J Drug Deliv Sci Tec |
Volume | 51 | Issue | 51 | Pages | 177-184 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) | ||||
Abstract | Microporous zeolite NaX-FAU has been systemically evaluated for the oral delivery of the poorly water-soluble compound danazol. For this purpose, danazol-loaded zeolitic particles were prepared by the incipient wetness method and were characterized by means of N-2 physisorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The zeolitic formulation shows a high drug payload and drug stability over a period of six months under accelerated storage conditions. The dissolution profile of danazol-loaded zeolitic particles was assessed in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) pH 1.2; fasted state simulated intestinal fluids (FaSSIF) and fed state simulated intestinal fluid (FeSSIF) showing a gradual and increasing drug dissolution in the different media. Ex vivo studies using the everted gut sac model show an increased drug transport across rat intestinal epithelium when loaded in the zeolitic particles. Our results suggest that microporous Faujasite zeolite (NaX-FAU) could be used as a drug delivery system to facilitate the oral delivery of poorly water soluble compounds. | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000468750300018 | Publication Date | 2019-03-04 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1773-2247; 2588-8943 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 1.194 | Times cited | 3 | Open Access | Not_Open_Access: Available from 27.08.2020 |
Notes | ; This research was supported by General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Greece – Research Program “Excellence II, 4766”. The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Union under the Seventh Framework Program (Integrated Infrastructure Initiative No. 262348 European Soft Matter Infrastructure, ESMI). ; | Approved | Most recent IF: 1.194 | ||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:160279 | Serial | 5252 | ||
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Author | Wang, L.; Wen, D.-Q.; Zhang, Q.-Z.; Song, Y.-H.; Zhang, Y.-R.; Wang, Y.-N. | ||||
Title | Disruption of self-organized striated structure induced by secondary electron emission in capacitive oxygen discharges | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2019 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 28 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 055007 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Self-organized striated structure has been observed experimentally and numerically in CF4 plasmas in radio-frequency capacitively coupled plasmas recently (Liu et al 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 255002). In this work, the striated structure is investigated in a capacitively coupled oxygen discharge with the introduction of the effect from the secondary electron emission, based on a particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision model. As we know, the transport of positive and negative ions plays a key role in the formation of striations in electronegative gases, for which, the electronegativity needs to be large enough. As the secondary electron emission increases, electrons in the sheaths gradually contribute more ionization to the discharge. Meanwhile, the increase of the electron density, especially in the plasma bulk, leads to an increased electrical conductivity and a reduced bulk electric field, which would shield the ions' mobility. These changes result in enlarged striation gaps. And then, with more emitted electrons, obvious disruption of the striations is observed accompanied with a transition of electron heating mode. Due to the weakened field, the impact ionization in the plasma bulk is attenuated, compared with the enhanced ionization caused by secondary electrons. This would lead to the electron heating mode transition from striated (STR) mode to gamma-mode. Besides, our investigation further reveals that gamma-mode is more likely to dominate the discharge under high gas pressures or driving voltages. | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000467827800001 | Publication Date | 2019-04-09 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 2 | Open Access | Not_Open_Access: Available from 13.05.2020 |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302 | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:160365 | Serial | 5270 | ||
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Author | Dhayalan, S.K.; Nuytten, T.; Pourtois, G.; Simoen, E.; Pezzoli, F.; Cinquanta, E.; Bonera, E.; Loo, R.; Rosseel, E.; Hikavyy, A.; Shimura, Y.; Vandervorst, W. | ||||
Title | Insights into the C Distribution in Si:C/Si:C:P and the Annealing Behavior of Si:C Layers | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2019 | Publication | ECS journal of solid state science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Ecs J Solid State Sc |
Volume | 8 | Issue | 4 | Pages | P209-P216 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Si:C and Si:C:P alloys are potential candidates for source-drain stressor applications in n-type Fin Field Effect Transistors (FinFETs). Increasing the C content to achieve high strain results in the arrangement of C atoms as third nearest neighbors (3nn) in the Si: C lattice. During thermal annealing, the presence of C atoms as 3nn may promote clustering at the interstitial sites, causing loss of stress. The concentration of C atoms as 3nn is reduced by the incorporation of a small amount of Ge atoms during the growth, whereas in-situ P doping does not influence this 3nn distribution [J Solid State Sci. Technol vol 6, p 755, 2017]. Small amounts of Ge are provided during low temperature selective epitaxial growth scheme, which are based on cyclic deposition and etching (CDE). In this work, we aim to provide physical insights into the aforementioned phenomena, to understand the behavior of 3nn C atoms and the types of defects that are formed in the annealed Si: C films. Using ab-initio simulations, the Ge-C interaction in the Si matrix is investigated and this insight is used to explain how the Ge incorporation leads to a reduced 3nn distribution of the C atoms. The interaction between C and P in the Si: C: P films is also investigated to explain why the P incorporation has not led to a reduction in the 3nn distribution. We then report on the Raman characterization of Si: C layers subjected to post epi annealing. As the penetration depth of the laser is dependent on the wavelength, Raman measurements at two different wavelengths enable us to probe the depth distribution of 3nn C atoms after applying different annealing conditions. We observed a homogeneous loss in 3nn C throughout the layer. Whereas in the kinematic modeling of high resolution X-ray diffraction spectra, a gradient in the substitutional C loss was observed close to the epitaxial layer/substrate interface. This gradient can be due to the out diffusion of C atoms into the Si substrate or to the formation of interstitial C clusters, which cannot be distinguished in HR-XRD. Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy indicated that the prominent out-diffusing species was interstitial CO complex while the interstitial C defects were also prevalent in the epi layer. (c) 2019 The Electrochemical Society. | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000465069200001 | Publication Date | 2019-04-18 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 2162-8769; 2162-8777 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record | |
Impact Factor | 1.787 | Times cited | Open Access | Not_Open_Access | |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 1.787 | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:160399 | Serial | 5275 | ||
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Author | Cremers, V.; Rampelberg, G.; Baert, K.; Abrahami, S.; Claes, N.; de Oliveira, T.M.; Terryn, H.; Bals, S.; Dendooven, J.; Detavernier, C. | ||||
Title | Corrosion protection of Cu by atomic layer deposition | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2019 | Publication | Journal of vacuum science and technology: A: vacuum surfaces and films | Abbreviated Journal | J Vac Sci Technol A |
Volume | 37 | Issue | 37 | Pages | 060902 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) | ||||
Abstract | Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a vapor phase technique that is able to deposit uniform, conformal thin films with an excellent thickness control at the atomic scale. 18 nm thick Al2O3 and TiO2 coatings were deposited conformaly and pinhole-free onto micrometer-sized Cu powder, using trimethylaluminum and tetrakis(dimethylamido)titanium(IV), respectively, as a precursor and de-ionized water as a reactant. The capability of the ALD coating to protect the Cu powder against corrosion was investigated. Therefore, the stability of the coatings was studied in solutions with different pH in the range of 0–14, and in situ raman spectroscopy was used to detect the emergence of corrosion products of Cu as an indication that the protective coating starts to fail. Both ALD coatings provide good protection at standard pH values in the range of 5–7. In general, the TiO2 coating shows a better barrier protection against corrosion than the Al2O3 coating. However, for the most extreme pH conditions, pH 0 and pH 14, the TiO2 coating starts also to degrade. | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000517925800003 | Publication Date | 2019-09-19 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0734-2101 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 1.374 | Times cited | 7 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
Notes | The authors acknowledge financial support from the Strategic Initiative Materials in Flanders (SIM, SBO-FUNC project) and the Special Research Fund BOF of Ghent University (No. GOA 01G01513). J.D. acknowledges the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen) for a postdoctoral fellowship. | Approved | Most recent IF: 1.374 | ||
Call Number | EMAT @ emat @c:irua:162640 | Serial | 5361 | ||
Permanent link to this record | |||||
Author | Sharp, J.; Mueller, I.C.; Mandal, P.; Abbas, A.; Nord, M.; Doye, A.; Ehiasarian, A.; Hovsepian, P.; MacLaren, I.; Rainforth, W.M. | ||||
Title | Characterisation of a high-power impulse magnetron sputtered C/Mo/W wear resistant coating by transmission electron microscopy | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2019 | Publication | Surface and coatings technology | Abbreviated Journal | Surf Coat Tech |
Volume | 377 | Issue | 377 | Pages | 124853 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) | ||||
Abstract | Thin films of C/Mo/W deposited using combined UBM/HIPIMS sputtering show 2-8 nm clusters of material richer in Mo and W than the matrix (found by EDS microanalysis), with structures that resemble graphitic onions with the metal atoms arranged regularly within them. EELS microanalysis showed the clusters to be rich in W and Mo. As the time averaged power used in the pulsed HIPIMS magnetron was increased, the clusters became more defined, larger, and arranged into layers with amorphous matrix between them. Films deposited with average HIPIMS powers of 4 kW and 6 kW also showed a periodic modulation of the cluster density within the finer layers giving secondary, wider stripes in TEM. By analysing the ratio between the finer and coarser layers, it was found that this meta-layering is related to the substrate rotation in the deposition chamber but in a non-straightforward way. Reasons for this are proposed. The detailed structure of the clusters remains unknown and is the subject of further work. Fluctuation electron microscopy results indicated the presence of crystal planes with the graphite interlayer spacing, crystal planes in hexagonal WC perpendicular to the basal plane, and some plane spacings found in Mo2C. Other peaks in the FEM results suggested symmetry-related starting points for future determination of the structure of the clusters. | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000488417800015 | Publication Date | 2019-08-03 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0257-8972 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 2.589 | Times cited | 1 | Open Access | |
Notes | ; J.S. thanks the Mercury Centre at the University of Sheffield for funding, which was part funded by the ERDF under grant MERCURY 904467. I.C.M. acknowledges support from CONACyT and RobertoRocca Education Fellowship. We gratefully acknowledge funding from EPSRC for the pixelated STEM detector and the software used in its operation for the fluctuation microscopy (EP/M009963/ 1, EP/K503903/1 & EP/R511705/1). AD was supported by the EPSRC CDT in Integrative Sensing and Measurement, Grant Number EP/L016753/1. Funding sources did not influence the planning or execution of this work except to enable it. ; | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.589 | ||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:163700 | Serial | 5383 | ||
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Author | Mogg, L.; Hao, G.-P.; Zhang, S.; Bacaksiz, C.; Zou, Y.; Haigh, S.J.; Peeters, F.M.; Geim, A.K.; Lozada-Hidalgo, M. | ||||
Title | Atomically thin micas as proton-conducting membranes | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2019 | Publication | Nature nanotechnology | Abbreviated Journal | Nat Nanotechnol |
Volume | 14 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 962-+ |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT) | ||||
Abstract | Monolayers of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) are highly permeable to thermal protons1,2. For thicker two-dimensional (2D) materials, proton conductivity diminishes exponentially, so that, for example, monolayer MoS2 that is just three atoms thick is completely impermeable to protons1. This seemed to suggest that only one-atom-thick crystals could be used as proton-conducting membranes. Here, we show that few-layer micas that are rather thick on the atomic scale become excellent proton conductors if native cations are ion-exchanged for protons. Their areal conductivity exceeds that of graphene and hBN by one to two orders of magnitude. Importantly, ion-exchanged 2D micas exhibit this high conductivity inside the infamous gap for proton-conducting materials3, which extends from ∼100 °C to 500 °C. Areal conductivity of proton-exchanged monolayer micas can reach above 100 S cm−2 at 500 °C, well above the current requirements for the industry roadmap4. We attribute the fast proton permeation to ~5-Å-wide tubular channels that perforate micas’ crystal structure, which, after ion exchange, contain only hydroxyl groups inside. Our work indicates that there could be other 2D crystals5 with similar nanometre-scale channels, which could help close the materials gap in proton-conducting applications. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000488977100016 | Publication Date | 2019-09-02 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1748-3387; 1748-3395 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 38.986 | Times cited | 44 | Open Access | |
Notes | ; The work was supported by the Lloyd's Register Foundation, the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)-EP/N010345/1, EP/M010619/1 and EP/ P009050/1, the European Research Council, the Graphene Flagship and the Royal Society. M.L.-H. acknowledges a Leverhulme Early Career Fellowship, G.-P.H. acknowledges a Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship, and L.M. acknowledges the EPSRC NOWNano programme for funding. Y.Z. acknowledges the assistance of Eric Prestat in TEM specimen preparation. Computational resources were provided by the TUBITAK ULAKBIM High Performance and Grid Computing Center (TR-Grid e-Infrastructure). ; | Approved | Most recent IF: 38.986 | ||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:163589 | Serial | 5407 | ||
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Author | Shah, N.A.; Li, L.L.; Mosallanejad, V.; Peeters, F.M.; Guo, G.-P. | ||||
Title | Transport characteristics of multi-terminal pristine and defective phosphorene systems | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2019 | Publication | Nanotechnology | Abbreviated Journal | Nanotechnology |
Volume | 30 | Issue | 45 | Pages | 455705 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT) | ||||
Abstract | Atomic vacancies and nanopores act as local scattering centers and modify the transport properties of charge carriers in phosphorene nanoribbons (PNRs). We investigate the influence of such atomic defects on the electronic transport of multi-terminal PNR. We use the non-equilibrium Green's function approach within the tight-binding framework to calculate the transmission coefficient and the conductance. Terminals induce band mixing resulting in oscillations in the conductance. In the presence of atomic vacancies and nanopores the conductance between non-axial terminals exhibit constructive scattering, which is in contrast to mono-axial two-terminal systems where the conductance exhibits destructive scattering. This can be understood from the spatial local density of states of the transport modes in the system. Our results provide fundamental insights into the electronic transport in PNR-based multi-terminal systems and into the ability of atomic defects and nanopores through tuning the transport properties. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000483049100001 | Publication Date | 2019-08-07 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0957-4484 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.44 | Times cited | 8 | Open Access | |
Notes | ; This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFA0301700), the NNSFC (Grant No. 11625419), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the CAS (Grant Nos. XDB24030601 and XDB30000000), the Anhui initiative in Quantum information Technologies (Grants No. AHY080000), and the Flemish Science Foundation (FWO-Vl). This work was also supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the World Academy of Science for the advancement of science in developing countries. ; | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.44 | ||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:162760 | Serial | 5429 | ||
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Author | Prabhakara, V.; Jannis, D.; Béché, A.; Bender, H.; Verbeeck, J. | ||||
Title | Strain measurement in semiconductor FinFET devices using a novel moiré demodulation technique | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2019 | Publication | Semiconductor science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Semicond Sci Tech |
Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) | ||||
Abstract | Moiré fringes are used throughout a wide variety of applications in physics and engineering to bring out small variations in an underlying lattice by comparing with another reference lattice. This method was recently demonstrated in Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy imaging to provide local strain measurement in crystals by comparing the crystal lattice with the scanning raster that then serves as the reference. The images obtained in this way contain a beating fringe pattern with a local period that represents the deviation of the lattice from the reference. In order to obtain the actual strain value, a region containing a full period of the fringe is required, which results in a compromise between strain sensitivity and spatial resolution. In this paper we propose an advanced setup making use of an optimised scanning pattern and a novel phase stepping demodulation scheme. We demonstrate the novel method on a series of 16 nm Si-Ge semiconductor FinFET devices in which strain plays a crucial role in modulating the charge carrier mobility. The obtained results are compared with both Nano-beam diffraction and the recently proposed Bessel beam diffraction technique. The setup provides a much improved spatial resolution over conventional moiré imaging in STEM while at the same time being fast and requiring no specialised diffraction camera as opposed to the diffraction techniques we compare to. |
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000537721200002 | Publication Date | 2019-11-29 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0268-1242 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 2.305 | Times cited | 8 | Open Access | |
Notes | The Qu-Ant-EM microscope and the direct electron detector used in the diffraction experiments was partly funded by the Hercules fund from the Flemish Government. This project has received funding from the GOA project “Solarpaint” of the University of Antwerp. We would also like to thank Dr. Thomas Nuytten and Prof. Dr. Wilfried Vandervorst from IMEC, Leuven for their continuous support and collaboration with the project. | Approved | Most recent IF: 2.305 | ||
Call Number | EMAT @ emat @c:irua:165794 | Serial | 5445 | ||
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Author | Gonzalez-Quiroga, A.; Kulkarni, S.R.; Vandewalle, L.; Perreault, P.; Goel, C.; Heynderickx, G.J.; van Geem, K.M.; Marin, G.B. | ||||
Title | Azimuthal and radial flow patterns of 1g-Geldart B-type particles in a gas-solid vortex reactor | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year ![]() |
2019 | Publication | Powder technology | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 354 | Issue | Pages | 410-422 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) | ||||
Abstract | Processes requiring intensive interfacial momentum, mass and heat exchange between gases and particulate solids can be greatly enhanced by operating in a centrifugal field. This is realized in the Gas-Solid Vortex Reactor (GSVR) with centrifugal accelerations up to two orders of magnitude higher than the Earth's gravitational acceleration. Here, the flow patterns of two 1g-Geldart B-type particles are experimentally assessed, over the gas inlet velocity range 82–126 m s−1, in an 80 mm diameter and 15 mm height GSVR. The particles are monosized aluminum spheres of 0.5 mm diameter, and walnut shell in the sieve fraction 0.50–0.56 mm and aspect ratio 1.3 ± 0.2. Two dimensional Particle Image Velocimetry combined with Digital Image Analysis and pressure measurements revealed that periodic fluctuations in solids azimuthal and radial velocity between gas inlet slots are strongly related to the average solids azimuthal velocity and bed uniformity. Aluminum particles feature steeper changes in azimuthal velocity and more attenuated changes in radial velocity than walnut shell particles. Within the assessed gas inlet velocity range the solids bed of aluminum exhibits average azimuthal velocities and bed voidages 40–50% and ≈10% lower than those of walnut shell. The aerodynamic response time of the particles, i.e. ρsdp2/18μg, emerged as an important parameter to assess the influence of the carrier gas jet on the radial deflection of the particles and the interaction solids bed-outer wall. Too low aerodynamic response time relates to nonuniformity in bed voidage due to solids radial velocity fluctuations. Excessive aerodynamic response time indicates low solids azimuthal velocities due to solids bed-outer wall friction. | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000490625500041 | Publication Date | 2019-06-17 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0032-5910 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | |||
Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:162120 | Serial | 7543 | ||
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