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	Author	Ray, S.; Kolen'ko, Y.V.; Kovnir, K.A.; Lebedev, O.I.; Turner, S.; Chakraborty, T.; Erni, R.; Watanabe, T.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Yoshimura, M.; Itoh, M.
	Title	Defect controlled room temperature ferromagnetism in Co-doped barium titanate nanocrystals			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2012	Publication	Nanotechnology	Abbreviated Journal	Nanotechnology
	Volume	23	Issue	2	Pages	025702,1-025702,10
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Defect mediated high temperature ferromagnetism in oxide nanocrystallites is the central feature of this work. Here, we report the development of room temperature ferromagnetism in nanosized Co-doped barium titanate particles with a size of around 14 nm, synthesized by a solvothermal drying method. A combination of x-ray diffraction with state-of-the-art electron microscopy techniques confirms the intrinsic doping of Co into BaTiO3. The development of the room temperature ferromagnetism was tracked down to the different donor defects, namely hydroxyl groups at the oxygen site (\mathrm {OH}_{\mathrm {(O)}}
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Bristol	Editor
	Language		Wos	000298409000011	Publication Date	2011-12-14
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0957-4484;1361-6528;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.44	Times cited	19	Open Access
	Notes	Esteem 026019; Fwo			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.44; 2012 IF: 3.842
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:93636			Serial	614
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Huijben, M.; Koster, G.; Kruize, M.K.; Wenderich, S.; Verbeeck, J.; Bals, S.; Slooten, E.; Shi, B.; Molegraaf, H.J.A.; Kleibeuker, J.E.; Van Aert, S.; Goedkoop, J.B.; Brinkman, A.; Blank, D.H.A.; Golden, M.S.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Hilgenkamp, H.; Rijnders, G.;
	Title	Defect engineering in oxide heterostructures by enhanced oxygen surface exchange			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Advanced functional materials	Abbreviated Journal	Adv Funct Mater
	Volume	23	Issue	42	Pages	5240-5248
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The synthesis of materials with well-controlled composition and structure improves our understanding of their intrinsic electrical transport properties. Recent developments in atomically controlled growth have been shown to be crucial in enabling the study of new physical phenomena in epitaxial oxide heterostructures. Nevertheless, these phenomena can be influenced by the presence of defects that act as extrinsic sources of both doping and impurity scattering. Control over the nature and density of such defects is therefore necessary to fully understand the intrinsic materials properties and exploit them in future device technologies. Here, it is shown that incorporation of a strontium copper oxide nano-layer strongly reduces the impurity scattering at conducting interfaces in oxide LaAlO3SrTiO3(001) heterostructures, opening the door to high carrier mobility materials. It is proposed that this remote cuprate layer facilitates enhanced suppression of oxygen defects by reducing the kinetic barrier for oxygen exchange in the hetero-interfacial film system. This design concept of controlled defect engineering can be of significant importance in applications in which enhanced oxygen surface exchange plays a crucial role.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Weinheim	Editor
	Language		Wos	000327480900003	Publication Date	2013-06-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1616-301X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	12.124	Times cited	87	Open Access
	Notes	Countatoms; Vortex; Fwo; Ifox ECASJO_;			Approved	Most recent IF: 12.124; 2013 IF: 10.439
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:109273UA @ admin @ c:irua:109273			Serial	615
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Neyts, E.C.; Ostrikov, K.; Han, Z.J.; Kumar, S.; van Duin, A.C.T.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Defect healing and enhanced nucleation of carbon nanotubes by low-energy ion bombardment			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Physical review letters	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev Lett
	Volume	110	Issue	6	Pages	065501-65505
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Structural defects inevitably appear during the nucleation event that determines the structure and properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes. By combining ion bombardment experiments with atomistic simulations we reveal that ion bombardment in a suitable energy range allows these defects to be healed resulting in an enhanced nucleation of the carbon nanotube cap. The enhanced growth of the nanotube cap is explained by a nonthermal ion-induced graphene network restructuring mechanism.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000314687300022	Publication Date	2013-02-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0031-9007;1079-7114;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.462	Times cited	50	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 8.462; 2013 IF: 7.728
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:105306			Serial	616
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	Author	Van Renterghem, W.; Schryvers, D.; van Landuyt, J.; Bollen, D.; Van Roost, C.; De Keyzer, R.B.
	Title	Defect induced thickness growth in silver chloride (111) tabular crystals: a TEM study			Type	P1 Proceeding
	Year	2000	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	38-43
	Keywords	P1 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Defects in AgG tabular crystals with {111} surfaces are characterised by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and their influence on the growth process is discussed. In the tabular crystals, twins parallel to the tabular face as well as dislocations along different directions are observed. The twins induce the tabular growth, while the dislocations do not influence the morphology. In 10 to 30% of the crystals that have been characterised, thickness growth is observed and it is shown that in all cases twins on other planes than the tabular ones are present. Two configurations occur more frequently and are analysed in detail. For the first group, twins parallel to the tabular face as well as a microtwin along a non-parallel {111} plane and ending inside the crystal are present. In the crystals of the second group only one extra non-parallel twin occurs giving rise to a bicrystal built up by a tetrahedral shaped part and a flat triangular or trapezoidal part. More complex twin configurations give rise to various, less characteristic morphologies.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Soc imaging science technology	Place of Publication	Springfield	Editor
	Language		Wos	000183315900012	Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0-89208-229-1	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record;
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:95777			Serial	617
Permanent link to this record



	Author	van Renterghem, W.; Schryvers, D.; van Landuyt, J.; van Roost, C.
	Title	Defect related growth of tabular AgCl(100) crystals: a TEM study			Type	P1 Proceeding
	Year	1998	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	389-390
	Keywords	P1 Proceeding; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Cancun	Editor
	Language		Wos	000077019900191	Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record;
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:29678			Serial	618
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Lebedev, O.I.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Attfield, J.P.; McLaughlin, A.C.
	Title	Defect structure of ferromagnetic superconducting RuSr₂GdCu₂O₈			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2006	Publication	Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev B
	Volume	73	Issue	22	Pages
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The structure and defect structure of superconducting ferromagnetic bulk RuSr2GdCu2O8 has been investigated using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and high-resolution scanning transmission microscopy. Two distinct, but closely related structures, due to ordering of rotated RuO6 octahedra and due to Cu substitution in the Ru-O layer, have been revealed. The structure of Ru1-xSr2GdCu2+xO8-delta can be described as a periodic alteration along the c axis of CuO4 planes and RuO6 octahedra. The unit-cell parameters of this phase are root 2a(p) x root 2a(p) x 2c. The possible influence of this phase and defect structure on the sensitivity of the superconductivity and magnetic properties is discussed. Local defects such as 90 S domain boundaries, (130) antiphase boundaries, and the associated dislocations are analyzed.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lancaster, Pa	Editor
	Language		Wos	000238696300115	Publication Date	2006-06-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1098-0121;1550-235X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.836	Times cited	11	Open Access
	Notes	Iap V-I			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.836; 2006 IF: 3.107
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:59707			Serial	619
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Van Tendeloo, G.; Hervieu, M.; Chaillout, C.
	Title	Defect structure of Hg-based ceramic superconductors			Type	A3 Journal article
	Year	1994	Publication	Icem	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	13	Issue		Pages	949-952
	Keywords	A3 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:10050			Serial	620
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Van Tendeloo, G.; Hervieu, M.; Chaillout, C.
	Title	Defect structure of Hg-based ceramic superconductors (invited)			Type	P1 Proceeding
	Year	1994	Publication	Sciences	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	949-952
	Keywords	P1 Proceeding; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Editions physique	Place of Publication	Les ulis	Editor
	Language		Wos	A1994BE09Y00462	Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2-86883-226-1	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record;
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:95940			Serial	621
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Lemmens, H.; Czank, M.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Amelinckx, S.
	Title	Defect structure of the low temperature α-cristobalite phase and the cristobalite <-> tridymite transformation in (Si-Ge)O₂			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2000	Publication	Physics and chemistry of minerals	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Chem Miner
	Volume	27	Issue	6	Pages	386-397
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Berlin	Editor
	Language		Wos	000087959700004	Publication Date	2002-10-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0342-1791;1432-2021;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.521	Times cited	5	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.521; 2000 IF: 1.513
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:54725			Serial	622
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Seo, J.W.; Schryvers, D.
	Title	Defect structures in CuZr martensite, studies by CTEM and HRTEM			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1997	Publication	Journal de physique: 4	Abbreviated Journal	J Phys Iv
	Volume	C5	Issue		Pages	149-154
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Les Ulis	Editor
	Language		Wos	000072520300024	Publication Date	2007-07-11
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1155-4339;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited	1	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:21351			Serial	623
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Smith, J.D.; Bladt, E.; Burkhart, J.A.C.; Winckelmans, N.; Koczkur, K.M.; Ashberry, H.M.; Bals, S.; Skrabalak, S.E.
	Title	Defect-directed growth of symmetrically branched metal nanocrystals			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Angewandte Chemie-International Edition	Abbreviated Journal	Angew Chem Int Edit
	Volume	59	Issue	59	Pages	943-950
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Branched plasmonic nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted much attention due to electric field enhancements at their tips. Seeded growth provides routes to NCs with defined branching patterns and, in turn, near-field distributions with defined symmetries. Here, a systematic analysis was undertaken in which seeds containing different distributions of planar defects were used to grow branched NCs in order to understand how their distributions direct the branching. Characterization of the products by multimode electron tomography and analysis of the NC morphologies at different overgrowth stages indicate that the branching patterns are directed by the seed defects, with the emergence of branches from the seed faces consistent with minimizing volumetric strain energy at the expense of surface energy. These results contrast with growth of branched NCs from single-crystalline seeds and provide a new platform for the synthesis of symmetrically branched plasmonic NCs.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000498760200001	Publication Date	2019-11-13
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1433-7851; 0570-0833	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	16.6	Times cited	23	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	; The authors thank Samantha Harvey for her initial observations of branched structures, Alexander Chen for his help with SAED, the staff of the Nanoscale Characterization Facility (Dr. Yi Yi), Electron Microscopy Center (Dr. David Morgan and Dr. Barry Stein), and Molecular Structure Center at Indiana University. J.S. recognizes a fellowship provided by the Indiana Space Grant Consortium. E.B. acknowledges a post-doctoral grant from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium). This project has received funding to S.E.S. from the U.S. National Science Foundation (award numbers: 1602476 and 1904499) and Research Corporation for Scientific Advancement (2017 Frontiers in Research Excellence and Discovery Award) as well as to S.B. from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 731019 (EUSMI) and No 815128 (REALNANO). ; sygma			Approved	Most recent IF: 16.6; 2020 IF: 11.994
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:165124			Serial	6293
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	Author	Aierken, Y.; Leenaerts, O.; Peeters, F.M.
	Title	Defect-induced faceted blue phosphorene nanotubes			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev B
	Volume	92	Issue	92	Pages	104104
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	The properties of a new class of phosphorene nanotubes (PNT) are investigated by performing first-principles calculations. We demonstrate that it is advantageous to use blue phosphorene in order to make small nanotubes and propose a way to create low-energy PNTs by the inclusion of defect lines. Five different types of defect lines are investigated and incorporated in various combinations. The resulting defect-induced faceted PNTs have negligible bending stresses which leads to a reduction in the formation energy with respect to round PNTs. Our armchair faceted PNTs have similar formation energies than the recently proposed multiphase faceted PNTs, but they have a larger variety of possible structures. Our zigzag faceted PNTs have lower formation energies than round tubes and multiphase faceted nanotubes. The electronic properties of the defect-induced faceted PNTs are determined by the defect lines which control the band gap and the shape of the electronic states at the band edges. These band gaps increase with the radius of the nanotubes and converge to those of isolated defect lines.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000361037200006	Publication Date	2015-09-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1098-0121	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.836	Times cited	24	Open Access
	Notes	This work was supported by the Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO-Vl). The computational resources and ser- vices used in this work were provided by the VSC (Flemish Supercomputer Center), funded by the Hercules Foundation and the Flemish Government, department EWI.			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.836; 2015 IF: 3.736
	Call Number	c:irua:127837			Serial	4033
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	Author	Polanco, C.A.; Pandey, T.; Berlijn, T.; Lindsay, L.
	Title	Defect-limited thermal conductivity in MoS₂			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Physical review materials	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	4	Issue	1	Pages	014004-14009
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	The wide measured range of thermal conductivities (k) for monolayer MoS2 and the corresponding incongruent calculated values in the literature all suggest that extrinsic defect thermal resistance is significant and varied in synthesized samples of this material. Here we present defect-mediated thermal transport calculations of MoS2 using interatomic forces derived from density functional theory combined with Green's function methods to describe phonon-point-defect interactions and a Peierls-Boltzmann formalism for transport. Conductivity calculations for bulk and monolayer MoS2 using different density functional formalisms are compared. Nonperturbative first-principles methods are used to describe defect-mediated spectral functions, scattering rates, and phonon k, particularly from sulfur vacancies (VS), and in the context of the plethora of measured and calculated literature values. We find that k of monolayer MoS2 is sensitive to phonon-VS scattering in the range of experimentally observed densities, and that first-principles k calculations using these densities can explain the range of measured values found in the literature. Furthermore, measured k values for bulk MoS2 are more consistent because VS defects are not as prevalent.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000619240000001	Publication Date	2020-01-16
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2475-9953	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.4	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.4; 2020 IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:190510			Serial	7757
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Yang, S.; Kang, J.; Yue, Q.; Coey, J.M.D.; Jiang, C.
	Title	Defect-modulated transistors and gas-enhanced photodetectors on ReS₂ nanosheets			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Advanced Materials Interfaces	Abbreviated Journal	Adv Mater Interfaces
	Volume	3	Issue	3	Pages	1500707
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000373149400011	Publication Date	2016-01-18
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2196-7350;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	4.279	Times cited	22	Open Access
	Notes	; This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China (NSFC) under Grant No.51331001. The authors thank S. Tongay for giving them the ReS<INF>2</INF> crystals. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 4.279
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:133232			Serial	4159
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	Author	Neek-Amal, M.; Peeters, F.M.
	Title	Defected graphene nanoribbons under axial compression			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2010	Publication	Applied physics letters	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Phys Lett
	Volume	97	Issue	15	Pages	153118,1-153118,3
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	The buckling of defected rectangular graphene nanoribbons when subjected to axial stress with supported boundary conditions is investigated using atomistic simulations. The buckling strain and mechanical stiffness of monolayer graphene decrease with the percentage of randomly distributed vacancies. The elasticity to plasticity transition in the stress-strain curve, at low percentage of vacancies, are found to be almost equal to the buckling strain thresholds and they decrease with increasing percentage of vacancies.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Institute of Physics	Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000283216900069	Publication Date	2010-10-14
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-6951;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.411	Times cited	43	Open Access
	Notes	; This work was supported by the Flemish Science Foundation (WO-Vl) and the Belgian Science Policy (IAP) ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.411; 2010 IF: 3.841
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:85789			Serial	624
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Luo, Y.; He, Y.; Ding, Y.; Zuo, L.; Zhong, C.; Ma, Y.; Sun, M.
	Title	Defective biphenylene as high-efficiency hydrogen evolution catalysts			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2023	Publication	Inorganic chemistry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	63	Issue	2	Pages	1136-1141
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	Electrocatalysts play a pivotal role in advancing the application of water splitting for hydrogen production. This research unveils the potential of defective biphenylenes as high-efficiency catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction. Using first-principles simulations, we systematically investigated the structure, stability, and catalytic performance of defective biphenylenes. Our findings unveil that defect engineering significantly enhances the electrocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution. Specifically, biphenylene with a double-vacancy defect exhibits an outstanding Gibbs free energy of -0.08 eV, surpassing that of Pt, accompanied by a remarkable exchange current density of -3.08 A cm(-2), also surpassing that of Pt. Furthermore, we find the preference for the Volmer-Heyrovsky mechanism in the hydrogen evolution reaction, with a low energy barrier of 0.80 eV. This research provides a promising avenue for developing novel metal-free electrocatalysts for water splitting with earth-abundant carbon elements, making a significant step toward sustainable hydrogen production.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	001143581300001	Publication Date	2023-12-31
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0020-1669	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	4.6	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 4.6; 2023 IF: 4.857
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:202780			Serial	9018
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	Author	van Renterghem, W.; Goessens, C.; Schryvers, D.; van Landuyt, J.; Verrept, P.; Bollen, D.; van Roost, C.; de Keyzer, R.
	Title	Defects and growth mechanisms of AgCl(100) tabular crystals			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1998	Publication	Journal of crystal growth	Abbreviated Journal	J Cryst Growth
	Volume	187	Issue		Pages	410-420
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000073710800014	Publication Date	2002-07-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-0248;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.751	Times cited	8	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.751; 1998 IF: 1.307
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:29675			Serial	625
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Nistor, L.C.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Amelinckx, S.
	Title	Defects and phase transformation in monclinic natural hollandite: Ba_xMn₈O₁₆			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1994	Publication	Journal of solid state chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	J Solid State Chem
	Volume	109	Issue		Pages	152-165
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	A1994MY48800024	Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-4596	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.133	Times cited	13	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:10023			Serial	626
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Nistor, L.C.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Amelinckx, S.
	Title	Defects and phase transition in monoclinic natural hollandite : Ba_xMn₈O₁₆			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1994	Publication	Journal of solid state chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	J Solid State Chem
	Volume	109	Issue	1	Pages	152-165
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	A1994MY48800024	Publication Date	2002-10-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-4596;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.133	Times cited	13	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:99918			Serial	627
Permanent link to this record



	Author	van Renterghem, W.; Goessens, C.; Schryvers, D.; van Landuyt, J.; Verrept, P.; Bollen, D.; van Roost, C.; de Keyzer, R.
	Title	Defects in AgCl and AgBr(100) tabular crystals studied by TEM			Type	P3 Proceeding
	Year	1998	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	6-11
	Keywords	P3 Proceeding; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Antwerpen	Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:29680			Serial	628
Permanent link to this record



	Author	de de Meux, A.J.; Pourtois, G.; Genoe, J.; Heremans, P.
	Title	Defects in amorphous semiconductors : the case of amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Physical review applied	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev Appl
	Volume	9	Issue	9	Pages	054039
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Based on a rational classification of defects in amorphous materials, we propose a simplified model to describe intrinsic defects and hydrogen impurities in amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO). The proposed approach consists of organizing defects into two categories: point defects, generating structural anomalies such as metal-metal or oxygen-oxygen bonds, and defects emerging from changes in the material stoichiometry, such as vacancies and interstitial atoms. Based on first-principles simulations, it is argued that the defects originating from the second group always act as perfect donors or perfect acceptors. This classification simplifies and rationalizes the nature of defects in amorphous phases. In a-IGZO, the most important point defects are metal-metal bonds (or small metal clusters) and peroxides (O-O single bonds). Electrons are captured by metal-metal bonds and released by the formation of peroxides. The presence of hydrogen can lead to two additional types of defects: metal-hydrogen defects, acting as acceptors, and oxygen-hydrogen defects, acting as donors. The impact of these defects is linked to different instabilities observed in a-IGZO. Specifically, the diffusion of hydrogen and oxygen is connected to positive-and negative-bias stresses, while negative-bias illumination stress originates from the formation of peroxides.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Physical Society	Place of Publication	College Park, Md	Editor
	Language		Wos	000433070900003	Publication Date	2018-05-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2331-7019	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	4.808	Times cited	7	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 4.808
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:151497			Serial	5019
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Deveirman, A.; van Landuyt, J.; Vanhellemont, J.; Maes, H.E.; Yallup, K.
	Title	Defects in high-dose oxygen implanted silicon : a TEM study			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1991	Publication	Vacuum: the international journal and abstracting service for vacuum science and technology T2 – 1ST SIOMX WORKSHOP ( SEPARATION BY IMPLANTATION OF OXYGEN ) ( SWI-88 ), NOV 07-08, 1988, UNIV SURREY, GUILDFORD, ENGLAND	Abbreviated Journal	Vacuum
	Volume	42	Issue	5-6	Pages	367-369
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Results are discussed of a transmission electron microscopy study of high-dose oxygen implanted silicon. In addition to the general high temperature (> 1200-degrees-C) annealing treatments also annealings at 'low' temperatures (1000-1100-degrees-C) were performed in order to slow down the precipitate and defect reactions. The observed dissolution of the oxide precipitates during prolonged high temperature annealing is explained by critical radius considerations. Threading dislocations are the remaining lattice defects in the silicon overlayer and cannot be removed by further annealing. Low temperature annealing results in the formation and subsequent unfaulting of extrinsic stacking fault loops below the buried oxide layer.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	A1991EV61700007	Publication Date	2002-10-19
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0042-207X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.858	Times cited	4	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY 96/271 Q2 #
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:104022			Serial	629
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Smith, J.D.; Bladt, E.; Burkhart, J.A.C.; Winckelmans, N.; Koczkur, K.M.; Ashberry, H.M.; Bals, S.; Skrabalak, S.E.
	Title	Defect‐Directed Growth of Symmetrically Branched Metal Nanocrystals			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Angewandte Chemie (International ed. Print)	Abbreviated Journal	Angew. Chem.
	Volume	132	Issue	132	Pages	953-960
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Branched plasmonic nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted much attention due to electric field enhancements at their tips. Seeded growth provides routes to NCs with defined branching patterns and, in turn, near‐field distributions with defined symmetries. Here, a systematic analysis was undertaken in which seeds containing different distributions of planar defects were used to grow branched NCs in order to understand how their distributions direct the branching. Characterization of the products by multimode electron tomography and analysis of the NC morphologies at different overgrowth stages indicate that the branching patterns are directed by the seed defects, with the emergence of branches from the seed faces consistent with minimizing volumetric strain energy at the expense of surface energy. These results contrast with growth of branched NCs from single‐crystalline seeds and provide a new platform for the synthesis of symmetrically branched plasmonic NCs.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000505279500063	Publication Date	2020-01-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0044-8249	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	The authors thank Samantha Harvey for her initial observations of branched structures, Alexander Chen for his help with SAED, the staff of the Nanoscale Characterization Facility (Dr. Yi Yi),Electron Microscopy Center (Dr. David Morgan and Dr. Barry Stein), and Molecular Strucre Center at Indiana University. J.S. recognizes a fellowship provided by the Indiana Space Grant Consortium. E. B. acknowledges a post-doctoral grant from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium). This project has received funding from the National Science Foundation (award number: 1602476), Research Corporation for Scietific Advancement (2017 Frontiers in Research Excellence and Discovery Award), and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 731019 (EUSMI) and No 815128 (REALNANO).; sygma			Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:166581			Serial	6336
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Menezes, R.M.; Mulkers, J.; de Souza Silva, C.C.; Milošević, M.V.
	Title	Deflection of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic skyrmions at heterochiral interfaces			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Physical review B	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev B
	Volume	99	Issue	10	Pages	104409
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	Devising magnetic nanostructures with spatially heterogeneous Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) is a promising pathway toward advanced confinement and control of magnetic skyrmions in potential devices. Here we discuss theoretically how a skyrmion interacts with a heterochiral interface using micromagnetic simulations and analytic arguments. We show that a heterochiral interface deflects the trajectory of ferromagnetic (FM) skyrmions, and that the extent of such deflection is tuned by the applied spin-polarized current and the difference in DMI across the interface. Further, we show that this deflection is characteristic of the FM skyrmion, and it is completely absent in the antiferromagnetic (AFM) case. In turn, we reveal that the AFM skyrmion achieves much higher velocities than its FM counterpart, yet experiences far stronger confinement in nanoengineered heterochiral tracks, which reinforces AFM skyrmions as a favorable choice for skyrmion-based devices.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000460720600005	Publication Date	2019-03-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2469-9969; 2469-9950	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.836	Times cited	19	Open Access
	Notes	; This work was supported by the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen) and Brazilian Agencies FACEPE under Grant No. APQ-0198-1.05/14, CAPES and CNPq. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.836
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:158557			Serial	5203
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Tirumalasetty, G.K.; van Huis, M.A.; Kwakernaak, C.; Sietsma, J.; Sloof, W.G.; Zandbergen, H.W.
	Title	Deformation-induced austenite grain rotation and transformation in TRIP-assisted steel			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2012	Publication	Acta materialia	Abbreviated Journal	Acta Mater
	Volume	60	Issue	3	Pages	1311-1321
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Uniaxial straining experiments were performed on a rolled and annealed Si-alloyed TRIP (transformation-induced plasticity) steel sheet in order to assess the role of its microstructure on the mechanical stability of austenite grains with respect to martensitic transformation. The transformation behavior of individual metastable austenite grains was studied both at the surface and inside the bulk of the material using electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) by deforming the samples to different strain levels up to about 20%. A comparison of the XRD and EBSD results revealed that the retained austenite grains at the surface have a stronger tendency to transform than the austenite grains in the bulk of the material. The deformation-induced changes of individual austenite grains before and after straining were monitored with EBSD. Three different types of austenite grains can be distinguished that have different transformation behaviors: austenite grains at the grain boundaries between ferrite grains, twinned austenite grains, and embedded austenite grains that are completely surrounded by a single ferrite grain. It was found that twinned austenite grains and the austenite grains present at the grain boundaries between larger ferrite grains typically transform first, i.e. are less stable, in contrast to austenite grains that are completely embedded in a larger ferrite grain. In the latter case, straining leads to rotations of the harder austenite grain within the softer ferrite matrix before the austenite transforms into martensite. The analysis suggests that austenite grain rotation behavior is also a significant factor contributing to enhancement of the ductility. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000301157900054	Publication Date	2011-12-19
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1359-6454;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	5.301	Times cited	80	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 5.301; 2012 IF: 3.941
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:97210			Serial	630
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Potgieter-Vermaak, S.S.; Mmari, A.; Van Grieken, R.; McCrindle, R.I.; Potgieter, J.H.
	Title	Degradation of galvanised iron roofing material in Tanzania by atmospheric corrosion			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Corrosion engineering science and technology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	46	Issue	5	Pages	642-650
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Galvanised iron is popular in many applications, particular as a roofing material. However, just like other materials, especially metallic ones, it is prone to degradation by corrosion. In this particular study, the degradation of galvanised roof sheets was investigated at a coastal, urban and rural site in Tanzania, Africa. Samples were exposed to various outdoor environments over a period of 3 years. In addition, some accelerated laboratory investigations were conducted in different simulated air pollution environments in an artificial corrosion chamber constructed for this purpose to supplement the outdoor exposure tests. It was found that the combination of the tropical climate and increasing air pollution due to industrial development in the capital Dar-es-Salaam resulted in substantial atmospheric corrosion of the roof sheets, which eventually leads to failure and the necessity for replacement. The rural site had the lowest degree of atmospheric corrosion as expected. A combination of different corrosion products was identified as a result of the atmospheric corrosion by Raman and EDX analyses. The information gained from this investigation could be utilised to construct more durable structures requiring less frequent replacement and maintenance in future.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000294421100008	Publication Date	2010-04-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1478-422x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:92094			Serial	7758
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Potgieter-Vermaak, S.; Horemans, B.; Anaf, W.; Cardell, C.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Degradation potential of airborne particulate matter at the Alhambra monument : a Raman spectroscopic and electron probe X-ray microanalysis study			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2012	Publication	Journal of Raman spectroscopy	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	43	Issue	11	Pages	1570-1577
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	It is well known that airborne particulate matter (APM) has an impact on our cultural heritage. A limited number of articles have been published on the sequential application of elemental and molecular techniques to estimate the degradation potential of APM in environments of cultural heritage importance, and most of these were concerned with indoor environments. The Alhambra monument (Granada, Spain) represents one of the grandest and finest examples of Islamic art and architecture from the Middle Ages. As part of an air quality investigation, two sets of APM were collected at the Hall of the Ambassadors and characterised to determine its potential degradation profile. These were analysed by means of micro-Raman spectroscopy (MRS) and electron probe microanalysis with X-ray detection (EPXMA). The Raman data indicated the presence of various mixed salts of acidic and/or hygroscopic nature, such as sodium and ammonium nitrates and sulfates, especially in the finer fraction. Automated EPXMA estimated this fraction to be as high as 50%. Apart from the potential chemical attack, the soiling due to carbonaceous matter deposition is a real concern. Soot was identified by MRS and EPXMA in all size fractions, reaching values of up to 55%, and was often intertwined with soluble inorganic salts. Ongoing degradation of the pigments is implicated by the presence of brightly coloured particles. MRS and molar abundance ternary diagrams elicited the chemical structure of individual APM so that the degradation potential could be established.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000311417000008	Publication Date	2012-07-05
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0377-0486	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:102570			Serial	7759
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Monico, L.; Janssens, K.; Miliani, C.; Brunetti, B.G.; Vagnini, M.; Vanmeert, F.; Falkenberg, G.; Abakumov, A.; Lu, Y.; Tian, H.; Verbeeck, J.; Radepont, M.; Cotte, M.; Hendriks, E.; Geldof, M.; van der Loeff, L.; Salvant, J.; Menu, M.;
	Title	Degradation process of lead chromate in paintings by Vincent van Gogh studied by means of spectromicroscopic methods : 3 : synthesis, characterization, and detection of different crystal forms of the chrome yellow pigment			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Anal Chem
	Volume	85	Issue	2	Pages	860-867
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The painter, Vincent van Gogh, and some of his contemporaries frequently made use of the pigment chrome yellow that is known to show a tendency toward darkening. This pigment may correspond to various chemical compounds such as PbCrO4 and PbCr1-xSxO4, that may each be present in various crystallographic forms with different tendencies toward degradation. Investigations by X-ray diffraction (XRD), mid-Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR), and Raman instruments (benchtop and portable) and synchrotron radiation-based micro-XRD and X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy performed on oil-paint models, prepared with in-house synthesized PbCrO4 and PbCr1-xSxO4, permitted us to characterize the spectroscopic features of the various forms. On the basis of these results, an extended study has been carried out on historic paint tubes and on embedded paint microsamples taken from yellow-orange/pale yellow areas of 12 Van Gogh paintings, demonstrating that Van Gogh effectively made use of different chrome yellow types. This conclusion was also confirmed by in situ mid-FTIR investigations on Van Goghs Portrait of Gauguin (Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam).
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Washington, D.C.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000313668400031	Publication Date	2012-10-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-2700;1520-6882;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.32	Times cited	79	Open Access
	Notes	Goa; Fwo			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.32; 2013 IF: 5.825
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:108707UA @ admin @ c:irua:108707			Serial	631
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	Author	Monico, L.; Janssens, K.; Miliani, C.; van der Snickt, G.; Brunetti, B.G.; Guidi, M.C.; Radepont, M.; Cotte, M.
	Title	Degradation process of lead chromate in paintings by Vincent van Gogh studied by means of spectromicroscopic methods : 4 : artificial aging of model samples of co-precipitates of lead chromate and lead sulfate			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Anal Chem
	Volume	85	Issue	2	Pages	860-867
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Previous investigations about the darkening of chrome yellow pigments revealed that this form of alteration is attributable to a reduction of the original Cr(VI) to Cr(III), and that the presence of sulfur-containing compounds, most often sulfates, plays a key role during this process. We recently demonstrated that different crystal forms of chrome yellow pigments (PbCrO4 and PbCr1xSxO4) are present in paintings by Vincent van Gogh. In the present work, we show how both the chemical composition and the crystalline structure of lead chromate-based pigments influence their stability. For this purpose, oil model samples made with in-house synthesized powders of PbCrO4 and PbCr1xSxO4 were artificially aged and characterized. We observed a profound darkening only for those paint models made with PbCr1xSxO4, rich in SO42 (x ≥ 0.4), and orthorhombic phases (>30 wt %). Cr and S K-edge micro X-ray absorption near edge structure investigations revealed in an unequivocal manner the formation of up to about 60% of Cr(III)-species in the outer layer of the most altered samples; conversely, independent of the paint models chemical composition, no change in the S-oxidation state was observed. Analyses employing UVvisible diffuse reflectance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were performed on unaged and aged model samples in order to obtain additional information on the physicochemical changes induced by the aging treatment.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000313668400032	Publication Date	2012-10-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-2700; 5206-882x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.32	Times cited	49	Open Access
	Notes	; This research was supported by grants from ESRF (experiment EC-799), the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme-Belgian Science Policy (IUAP VI/16), and the BELSPO-SDD S2-ART (SD/RI/04) project. The text also presents results from GOA “XANES meets ELNES” (Research Fund University of Antwerp, Belgium) and FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects G.0704.08 and G.01769.09. The EU FP7 programme CHARISMA (Grant Agreement 228330) and MIUR (PRIN08, Materiali e sistemi innovativi per la conservazione dell'arte contemporanea 2008 FFXXN9) are also acknowledged. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.32; 2013 IF: 5.825
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:110471			Serial	5569
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Monico, L.; Janssens, K.; Vanmeert, F.; Cotte, M.; Brunetti, B.G.; van der Snickt, G.; Leeuwestein, M.; Plisson, J.S.; Menu, M.; Miliani, C.
	Title	Degradation process of lead chromate in paintings by Vincent van Gogh studied by means of spectromicroscopic methods : part 5 : effects of nonoriginal surface coatings into the nature and distribution of chromium and sulfur species in chrome yellow paints			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	Analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Anal Chem
	Volume	86	Issue	21	Pages	10804-10811
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The darkening of lead chromate yellow pigments, caused by a reduction of the chromate ions to Cr(III) compounds, is known to affect the appearance of several paintings by Vincent van Gogh. In previous papers of this series, we demonstrated that the darkening is activated by light and depends on the chemical composition and crystalline structure of the pigments. In this work, the results of Part 2 are extended and complemented with a new study aimed at deepening the knowledge of the nature and distribution of Cr and S species at the interface between the chrome yellow paint and the nonoriginal coating layer. For this purpose, three microsamples from two varnished paintings by Van Gogh and a waxed low relief by Gauguin (all originally uncoated) have been examined. Because nonoriginal coatings are often present in artwork by Van Gogh and contemporaries, the understanding of whether or not their application has influenced the morphological and/or physicochemical properties of the chrome yellow paint underneath is relevant in view of the conservation of these masterpieces. In all the samples studied, microscopic X-ray fluorescence (mu-XRF) and X-ray absorption near edge structure (mu-XANES) investigations showed that Cr(III)-based alteration products are present in the form of grains inside the coating (generally enriched of S species) and also homogeneously widespread at the paint surface. The distribution of Cr(III) species may be explained by the mechanical friction caused by the coating application by brush that picked up and redistributed the superficial Cr compounds, likely already present in the reduced state as result of the photodegradation process. The analysis of the XANES profiles allowed us to obtain new insights into the nature of the Cr(III) alteration products, that were identified as sulfate-, oxide-, organo-metal-, and chloride-based compounds. Building upon the knowledge acquired through the examination of original paint samples and from the investigation of aged model paints in the last Part 4 paper, in this study we aim to characterize a possible relation between the chemical composition of the coating and the chrome yellow degradation pathways by studying photochemically aged model samples covered with a dammar varnish contaminated with sulfide and sulfate salts. Cr speciation results did not show any evidence of the active role of the varnish and added S species on the reduction process of chrome yellows.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000344510200043	Publication Date	2014-10-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-2700; 5206-882x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.32	Times cited	25	Open Access
	Notes	; This research was supported by the Italian projects PRIN (SICH) and PON (ITACHA). The text also presents results from Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme Belgian Science Policy (S2-ART project S4DA), GOA “XANES meets ELNES” (Research Fund University of Antwerp, Belgium) and FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects no. G.0704.08 and G.01769.09. ESRF is acknowledged for the grants received (experiments EC-799 and EC-1051). L.M. acknowledges the CNR for the financial support received in the framework of the Short Term Mobility Programme 2013. Thanks are expressed to Ella Hendriks (Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam) and Muriel Geldof (Cultural Heritage Agency of The Netherlands) for selecting and sharing the information on the cross-section taken from Bank of the Seine. All the staff of the Van Gogh Museum, the Kroller-Muller Museum, and the Musee d'Orsay are acknowledged for the agreeable cooperation. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.32; 2014 IF: 5.636
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:122100			Serial	5570
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