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| Author | Clauwaert, P.; Muys, M.; Alloul, A.; De Paepe, J.; Luther, A.; Sun, X.; Ilgrande, C.; Christiaens, M.E.R.; Hu, X.; Zhang, D.; Lindeboom, R.E.F.; Sas, B.; Rabaey, K.; Boon, N.; Ronsse, F.; Geelen, D.; Vlaeminck, S.E. | ||||
| Title | Nitrogen cycling in bioregenerative life support systems : challenges for waste refinery and food production processes | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2017 | Publication  |
Progress in aerospace sciences | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 91 | Issue | Pages | 87-98 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) | ||||
| Abstract | In order to sustain human life in an isolated environment, an efficient conversion of wasted nutrients to food might become mandatory. This is particularly the case for space missions where resupply from earth or in-situ resource utilization is not possible or desirable. A combination of different technologies is needed to allow full recycling of e.g. nitrogenous compounds in space. In this review, an overview is given of the different essential processes and technologies that enable closure of the nitrogen cycle in Bioregenerative Life Support Systems (BLSS). Firstly, a set of biological and physicochemical refinery stages ensures efficient conversion of waste products into the building blocks, followed by the production of food with a range of biological methods. For each technology, bottlenecks are identified. Furthermore, challenges and outlooks are presented at the integrated system level. Space adaptation and integration deserve key attention to enable the recovery of nitrogen for the production of nutritional food in space, but also in closed loop systems on earth. | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 000404699800005 | Publication Date | 2017-05-04 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0376-0421; 1873-1724 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:148996 | Serial | 8310 | ||
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| Author | Evans, T.; Kiflawi, I.; Luyten, W.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Woods, G.S. | ||||
| Title | Conversion of platelets into dislocation loops and voidite formation in type IaB diamonds | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 1995 | Publication |
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London: series A: mathematical and physical sciences | Abbreviated Journal | P Roy Soc A-Math Phy |
| Volume | 449 | Issue | Pages | 295-313 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | London | Editor | ||
| Language | Wos | A1995QY10100007 | Publication Date | 2006-12-18 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1364-5021;1471-2946; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 2.192 | Times cited | 32 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY 11/104 Q1 # PHYSICS, MATHEMATICAL 1/53 Q1 # | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:13314 | Serial | 513 | ||
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| Author | Tian, H.; Schryvers, D.; Claeys, P. | ||||
| Title | Nanodiamonds do not provide unique evidence for a Younger Dryas impact | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Abbreviated Journal | P Natl Acad Sci Usa |
| Volume | 108 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 40-44 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) | ||||
| Abstract | Microstructural, δ13C isotope and C/N ratio investigations were conducted on excavated material from the black Younger Dryas boundary in Lommel, Belgium, aiming for a characterisation of the carbon content and structures. Cubic diamond nanoparticles are found in large numbers. The larger ones with diameters around or above 10 nm often exhibit single or multiple twins. The smaller ones around 5 nm in diameter are mostly defect-free. Also larger flake-like particles, around 100 nm in lateral dimension, with a cubic diamond structure are observed as well as large carbon onion structures. The combination of these characteristics does not yield unique evidence for an exogenic impact related to the investigated layer. | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Washington, D.C. | Editor | ||
| Language | Wos | 000285915000012 | Publication Date | 2010-12-21 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0027-8424;1091-6490; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 9.661 | Times cited | 32 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 9.661; 2011 IF: 9.681 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:88733 | Serial | 2254 | ||
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| Author | Kumar, J.; Eraña, H.; López-Martínez, E.; Claes, N.; Martín, V.F.; Solís, D.M.; Bals, S.; Cortajarena, A.L.; Castilla, J.; Liz-Marzán, L.M. | ||||
| Title | Detection of amyloid fibrils in Parkinson’s disease using plasmonic chirality | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Abbreviated Journal | P Natl Acad Sci Usa |
| Volume | 115 | Issue | 115 | Pages | 3225-3230 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) | ||||
| Abstract | Amyloid fibrils, which are closely associated with various neurodegenerative diseases, are the final products in many protein aggregation pathways. The identification of fibrils at low concentration is, therefore, pivotal in disease diagnosis and development of therapeutic strategies. We report a methodology for the specific identification of amyloid fibrils using chiroptical effects in plasmonic nanoparticles. The formation of amyloid fibrils based on α-synuclein was probed using gold nanorods, which showed no apparent interaction with monomeric proteins but effective adsorption onto fibril structures via noncovalent interactions. The amyloid structure drives a helical nanorod arrangement, resulting in intense optical activity at the surface plasmon resonance wavelengths. This sensing technique was successfully applied to human brain homogenates of patients affected by Parkinson’s disease, wherein protein fibrils related to the disease were identified through chiral signals from Au nanorods in the visible and near IR, whereas healthy brain samples did not exhibit any meaningful optical activity. The technique was additionally extended to the specific detection of infectious amyloids formed by prion proteins, thereby confirming the wide potential of the technique. The intense chiral response driven by strong dipolar coupling in helical Au nanorod arrangements allowed us to detect amyloid fibrils down to nanomolar concentrations. |
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 000428382400032 | Publication Date | 2018-03-12 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0027-8424 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 9.661 | Times cited | 187 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
| Notes | We thank Prof. Dr. J.-P. Timmermans and the Antwerp Centre of Advanced Microscopy for providing access to the Tecnai G2 Spirit BioTWIN TEM. We also thank the Basque Biobank (Basque Foundation for Health Innovation and Research, BIOEF) for providing us with Parkinson’s disease-affected brain samples. J.K. acknowledges financial support from the European Commission under Marie Sklodowska-Curie Program H2020- MSCA-IF-2015708321. S.B. and A.L.C. acknowledge European Research Council Grants 335078 COLOURATOM and 648071 ProNANO. S.B. and L.M.L.-M. acknowledge funding from European Commission Grant EUSMI 731019. A.L.C., J.C., and L.M.L.-M. acknowledge funding from Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) Grants MAT2013-46101- R, AGL2015-65046-C2-1-R, and BIO2016-77367-C2-1-R. (ROMEO:yellow; preprint:; postprint:restricted ; pdfversion:restricted); saraecas; ECASSara; | Approved | Most recent IF: 9.661 | ||
| Call Number | EMAT @ emat @c:irua:150355UA @ admin @ c:irua:150355 | Serial | 4918 | ||
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| Author | Geerlings, N.M.J.; Karman, C.; Trashin, S.; As, K.S.; Kienhuis, M.V.M.; Hidalgo-Martinez, S.; Vasquez-Cardenas, D.; Boschker, H.T.S.; De Wael, K.; Middelburg, J.J.; Polerecky, L.; Meysman, F.J.R. | ||||
| Title | Division of labor and growth during electrical cooperation in multicellular cable bacteria | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication |
Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America | Abbreviated Journal | P Natl Acad Sci Usa |
| Volume | 117 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 5478-5485 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) | ||||
| Abstract | Multicellularity is a key evolutionary innovation, leading to coordinated activity and resource sharing among cells, which generally occurs via the physical exchange of chemical compounds. However, filamentous cable bacteria display a unique metabolism in which redox transformations in distant cells are coupled via long-distance electron transport rather than an exchange of chemicals. This challenges our understanding of organismal functioning, as the link among electron transfer, metabolism, energy conservation, and filament growth in cable bacteria remains enigmatic. Here, we show that cells within individual filaments of cable bacteria display a remarkable dichotomy in biosynthesis that coincides with redox zonation. Nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry combined with 13 C (bicarbonate and propionate) and 15 N-ammonia isotope labeling reveals that cells performing sulfide oxidation in deeper anoxic horizons have a high assimilation rate, whereas cells performing oxygen reduction in the oxic zone show very little or no label uptake. Accordingly, oxygen reduction appears to merely function as a mechanism to quickly dispense of electrons with little to no energy conservation, while biosynthesis and growth are restricted to sulfide-respiring cells. Still, cells can immediately switch roles when redox conditions change, and show no differentiation, which suggests that the “community service” performed by the cells in the oxic zone is only temporary. Overall, our data reveal a division of labor and electrical cooperation among cells that has not been seen previously in multicellular organisms. | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 000519530400054 | Publication Date | 2020-02-25 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0027-8424; 1091-6490 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 11.1 | Times cited | 6 | Open Access | |
| Notes | ; We thank Arnold van Dijk for helping with the GasBench isotope ratio mass spectrometry analysis. N.M.J.G. is the recipient of a Ph.D. scholarship for teachers from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) in the Netherlands (grant 023.005.049). K.S.A. received financial support from the Olaf Schuiling fund. F.J.R.M. was financially supported by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) via grant G043119N, and the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (VICI grant 016.VICI.170.072). J.J.M. was supported by the Ministry of Education via the Netherlands Earth System Science Centre. The NanoSIMS facility was partly supported by an NWO large infrastructure subsidy to J.J.M. (175.010.2009.011). ; | Approved | Most recent IF: 11.1; 2020 IF: 9.661 | ||
| Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:166452 | Serial | 6487 | ||
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| Author | Christiansen, T.; Cotte, M.; de Nolf, W.; Mouro, E.; Reyes-Herrera, J.; De Meyer, S.; Vanmeert, F.; Salvado, N.; Gonzalez, V.; Lindelof, P.E.; Mortensen, K.; Ryholt, K.; Janssens, K.; Larsen, S. | ||||
| Title | Insights into the composition of ancient Egyptian red and black inks on papyri achieved by synchrotron-based microanalyses | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication |
Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America | Abbreviated Journal | P Natl Acad Sci Usa |
| Volume | 117 | Issue | 45 | Pages | 27825-27835 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) | ||||
| Abstract | A hitherto unknown composition is highlighted in the red and black inks preserved on ancient Egyptian papyri from the Roman period (circa 100 to 200 CE). Synchrotron-based macro-X-ray fluo-rescence (XRF) mapping brings to light the presence of iron (Fe) and lead (Pb) compounds in the majority of the red inks inscribed on 12 papyrus fragments from the Tebtunis temple library. The iron-based compounds in the inks can be assigned to ocher, notably due to the colocalization of Fe with aluminum, and the detection of hematite (Fe2O3) by micro-X-ray diffraction. Using the same techniques together with micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Pb is shown to be associated with fatty acid phosphate, sulfate, chloride, and carboxylate ions. Moreover, microXRF maps reveal a peculiar distribution and colocalization of Pb, phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S), which are present at the micrometric scale resembling diffused “coffee rings” surrounding the ocher particles imbedded in the red letters, and at the submicrometric scale concentrated in the papyrus cell walls. A similar Pb, P, and S composition was found in three black inks, suggesting that the same lead components were employed in the manufacture of carbon-based inks. Bearing in mind that pigments such as red lead (Pb3O4) and lead white (hydrocerussite [Pb-3(CO3)(2)(OH)(2)] and/or cerussite [PbCO3]) were not detected, the results presented here suggest that the lead compound in the ink was used as a drier rather than as a pigment. Accordingly, the study calls for a reassessment of the composition of lead-based components in ancient Mediterranean pigments. | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 000590753400016 | Publication Date | 2020-10-27 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0027-8424; 1091-6490 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 11.1 | Times cited | Open Access | ||
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 11.1; 2020 IF: 9.661 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:174323 | Serial | 8107 | ||
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| Author | Subramanian, V.; Van 't dack, L.; Van Grieken, R. | ||||
| Title | Preliminary studies on the geochemistry of the Cauvery river basin | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 1985 | Publication |
Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences: earth and planetary sciences | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 94 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 99-110 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) | ||||
| Abstract | Samples of water and sediments were collected over a three year period from the entire region of Cauvery river basin excluding the estuary. On the basis of our observations, we have calculated the average composition of the Cauvery river at several locations from the catchment to the river mouth, the downstream profile of sediment load, annual erosion rates, solute and sediment fluxes and have predicted on long term changes. The sediment chemistry was determined by x-ray fluorescence (xrf) technique, and calculated mean compositions of the Cauvery and its tributary bed and the suspended sediment were compared to those of world average river sediments. Downstream profiles of some of the elements appear to be controlled by size and mineralogical characteristics besides local factors specific to the location of the samples. Interelemental relationships indicated good correlation among the transition elements indicating their co-genetic behaviour within the drainage basin. | ||||
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| Language | Wos | A1985ARL3300004 | Publication Date | 2010-08-25 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0253-4126 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | Times cited | Open Access | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | UA @ admin @ c:irua:111503 | Serial | 8410 | ||
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| Author | Kolev, S.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
| Title | A 2D model for a gliding arc discharge | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 24 | Issue | 24 | Pages | 015025 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | In this study we report on a 2D fluid model of a gliding arc discharge in argon. Despite the 3D nature of the discharge, 2D models are found to be capable of providing very useful information about the operation of the discharge. We employ two modelsan axisymmetric and a Cartesian one. We show that for the considered experiment and the conditions of a low current arc (around 30 mA) in argon, there is no significant heating of the cathode surface and the discharge is sustained by field electron emission from the cathode accompanied by the formation of a cathode spot. The obtained discharge power and voltage are relatively sensitive to the surface properties and particularly to the surface roughness, causing effectively an amplification of the normal electric field. The arc body and anode region are not influenced by this and depend mainly on the current value. The gliding of the arc is modelled by means of a 2D Cartesian model. The arcelectrode contact points are analysed and the gliding mechanism along the electrode surface is discussed. Following experimental observations, the cathode spot is simulated as jumping from one point to another. A complete arc cycle is modelled from initial ignition to arc decay. The results show that there is no interaction between the successive gliding arcs. | ||||
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| Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | 000348298200026 | Publication Date | 2014-12-23 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 34 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2015 IF: 3.591 | |||
| Call Number | c:irua:122538 c:irua:122538 c:irua:122538 c:irua:122538 | Serial | 3 | ||
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| Author | Bultinck, E.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
| Title | Characterization of an Ar/O2 magnetron plasma by a multi-species Monte Carlo model | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 20 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 045013-045013,12 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | A combined Monte Carlo (MC)/analytical surface model is developed to study the plasma processes occurring during the reactive sputter deposition of TiOx thin films. This model describes the important plasma species with a MC approach (i.e. electrons, Ar+ ions, {\rm O}_2 | ||||
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| Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | 000295829800015 | Publication Date | 2011-06-14 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 7 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2011 IF: 2.521 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:89732 | Serial | 316 | ||
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| Author | Bogaerts, A. | ||||
| Title | Comprehensive modelling network for dc glow discharges in argon | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 1999 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 8 | Issue | Pages | 210-229 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
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| Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | 000080660600004 | Publication Date | 2002-08-25 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 27 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 1999 IF: 2.038 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:24129 | Serial | 451 | ||
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| Author | Tinck, S.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
| Title | Computer simulations of an oxygen inductively coupled plasma used for plasma-assisted atomic layer deposition | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 20 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 015008-015008,10 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | In this paper, an O2 inductively coupled plasma used for plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition of Al2O3 thin films is investigated by means of modeling. This work intends to provide more information about basic plasma properties such as species densities and species fluxes to the substrate as a function of power and pressure, which might be hard to measure experimentally. For this purpose, a hybrid model developed by Kushner et al is applied to calculate the plasma characteristics in the reactor volume for different chamber pressures ranging from 1 to 10 mTorr and different coil powers ranging from 50 to 500 W. Density profiles of the various oxygen containing plasma species are reported as well as fluxes to the substrate under various operating conditions. Furthermore, different orientations of the substrate, which can be placed vertically or horizontally in the reactor, are taken into account. In addition, special attention is paid to the recombination process of atomic oxygen on the different reactor walls under the stated operating conditions. From this work it can be concluded that the plasma properties change significantly in different locations of the reactor. The plasma density near the cylindrical coil is high, while it is almost negligible in the neighborhood of the substrate. Ion and excited species fluxes to the substrate are found to be very low and negligible. Finally, the orientation of the substrate has a minor effect on the flux of O2, while it has a significant effect on the flux of O. In the horizontal configuration, the flux of atomic oxygen can be up to one order of magnitude lower than in the vertical configuration. | ||||
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| Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | 000286592200009 | Publication Date | 2011-01-08 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 11 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2011 IF: 2.521 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:85285 | Serial | 467 | ||
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| Author | Paulussen, S.; Verheyde, B.; Tu, X.; De Bie, C.; Martens, T.; Petrovic, D.; Bogaerts, A.; Sels, B. | ||||
| Title | Conversion of carbon dioxide to value-added chemicals in atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharges | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2010 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 19 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 034015,1-034015,6 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | The aim of this work consists of the evaluation of atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharges for the conversion of greenhouse gases into useful compounds. Therefore, pure CO2 feed flows are administered to the discharge zone at varying discharge frequency, power input, gas temperature and feed flow rates, aiming at the formation of CO and O2. The discharge obtained in CO2 is characterized as a filamentary mode with a microdischarge zone in each half cycle of the applied voltage. It is shown that the most important parameter affecting the CO2-conversion levels is the gas flow rate. At low flow rates, both the conversion and the CO-yield are significantly higher. In addition, also an increase in the gas temperature and the power input give rise to higher conversion levels, although the effect on the CO-yield is limited. The optimum discharge frequency depends on the power input level and it cannot be unambiguously stated that higher frequencies give rise to increased conversion levels. A maximum CO2 conversion of 30% is achieved at a flow rate of 0.05 L min−1, a power density of 14.75 W cm−3 and a frequency of 60 kHz. The most energy efficient conversions are achieved at a flow rate of 0.2 L min−1, a power density of 11 W cm−3 and a discharge frequency of 30 kHz. | ||||
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| Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | 000277982800016 | Publication Date | 2010-05-22 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 116 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2010 IF: 2.218 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:82408 | Serial | 512 | ||
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| Author | De Bie, C.; Martens, T.; van Dijk, J.; Paulussen, S.; Verheyde, B.; Corthals, S.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
| Title | Dielectric barrier discharges used for the conversion of greenhouse gases: modeling the plasma chemistry by fluid simulations | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 20 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 024008,1-024008,11 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | The conversion of methane to value-added chemicals and fuels is considered to be one of the challenges of the 21st century. In this paper we study, by means of fluid modeling, the conversion of methane to higher hydrocarbons or oxygenates by partial oxidation with CO2 or O2 in a dielectric barrier discharge. Sixty-nine different plasma species (electrons, ions, molecules, radicals) are included in the model, as well as a comprehensive set of chemical reactions. The calculation results presented in this paper include the conversion of the reactants and the yields of the reaction products as a function of residence time in the reactor, for different gas mixing ratios. Syngas (i.e. H2 + CO) and higher hydrocarbons (C2Hx) are typically found to be important reaction products. | ||||
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| Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | 000290719900009 | Publication Date | 2011-04-02 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 38 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2011 IF: 2.521 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:87868 | Serial | 689 | ||
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| Author | Peerenboom, K.; Parente, A.; Kozák, T.; Bogaerts, A.; Degrez, G. | ||||
| Title | Dimension reduction of non-equilibrium plasma kinetic models using principal component analysis | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 24 | Issue | 24 | Pages | 025004 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | The chemical complexity of non-equilibrium plasmas poses a challenge for plasma modeling because of the computational load. This paper presents a dimension reduction method for such chemically complex plasmas based on principal component analysis (PCA). PCA is used to identify a low-dimensional manifold in chemical state space that is described by a small number of parameters: the principal components. Reduction is obtained since continuity equations only need to be solved for these principal components and not for all the species. Application of the presented method to a CO2 plasma model including state-to-state vibrational kinetics of CO2 and CO demonstrates the potential of the PCA method for dimension reduction. A manifold described by only two principal components is able to predict the CO2 to CO conversion at varying ionization degrees very accurately. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | 000356816200008 | Publication Date | 2015-01-27 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 11 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2015 IF: 3.591 | |||
| Call Number | c:irua:123534 | Serial | 704 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Zhao, S.-X.; Gao, F.; Wang, Y.-N.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
| Title | The effect of F2 attachment by low-energy electrons on the electron behaviour in an Ar/CF4 inductively coupled plasma | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 21 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 025008-025008,13 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | The electron behaviour in an Ar/CF4 inductively coupled plasma is investigated by a Langmuir probe and a hybrid model. The simulated and measured results include electron density, temperature and electron energy distribution function for different values of Ar/CF4 ratio, coil power and gas pressure. The hybrid plasma equipment model simulations show qualitative agreement with experiment. The effect of F2 electron attachment on the electron behaviour is explored by comparing two sets of data based on different F atom boundary conditions. It is demonstrated that electron attachment at F2 molecules is responsible for the depletion of low-energy electrons, causing a density decrease as well as a temperature increase when CF4 is added to an Ar plasma. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | 000302779400022 | Publication Date | 2012-03-12 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 23 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2012 IF: 2.515 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:96549 | Serial | 841 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Liu, Y.-X.; Zhang, Q.-Z.; Liu, L.; Song, Y.-H.; Bogaerts, A.; Wang, Y.-N. | ||||
| Title | Electron bounce resonance heating in dual-frequency capacitively coupled oxygen discharges | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 22 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 025012-11 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | The electron bounce resonance heating (BRH) in dual-frequency capacitively coupled plasmas operated in oxygen is studied by different experimental methods and a particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision (PIC/MCC) simulation, and compared with the electropositive argon discharge. In comparison with argon, the experimental results show that in an oxygen discharge the resonance peaks in positive-ion density and light intensity tend to occur at larger electrode gaps. Moreover, at electrode gaps L > 2.5 cm, the positive-ion (and electron) density and the light emission drop monotonically in the oxygen discharge upon increasing L, whereas they rise (after an initial drop) in the argon case. At resonance gap the electronegativity reaches its maximum due to the BRH. All these experimental observations are explained by PIC/MCC simulations, which show that in the oxygen discharge the bulk electric field becomes quite strong and is out of phase with the sheath field. Therefore, it retards the resonance electrons when traversing the bulk, resulting in a suppressed BRH. Both experiment and simulation results show that this effect becomes more pronounced at lower high-frequency power, when the discharge mode changes from electropositive to electronegative. In a pure oxygen discharge, the BRH is suppressed with increasing pressure and almost diminishes at 12 Pa. Finally, the driving frequency significantly affects the BRH, because it determines the phase relation between bulk electric field and sheath electric field. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | 000317275400014 | Publication Date | 2013-03-18 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 20 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2013 IF: 3.056 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:106534 | Serial | 911 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Yan, M.; Bogaerts, A.; Goedheer, W.J.; Gijbels, R. | ||||
| Title | Electron energy distribution function in capacitively coupled RF discharges: differences between electropositive Ar and electronegative SiH4 discharges | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | Pages | 583-591 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | 000165341000015 | Publication Date | 2002-08-25 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 21 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2000 IF: 1.963 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:34071 | Serial | 929 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Van Laer, K.; Tinck, S.; Samara, V.; de Marneffe, J.F.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
| Title | Etching of low-k materials for microelectronics applications by means of a N2/H2 plasma : modeling and experimental investigation | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 22 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 025011-25019 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | In this paper, we investigate the etch process of so-called low-k organic material by means of a N2/H2 capacitively coupled plasma, as applied in the micro-electronics industry for the manufacturing of computer chips. In recent years, such an organic material has emerged as a possible alternative for replacing bulk SiO2 as a dielectric material in the back-end-of-line, because of the smaller parasitic capacity between adjacent conducting lines, and thus a faster propagation of the electrical signals throughout the chip. Numerical simulations with a hybrid plasma model, using an extensive plasma and surface chemistry set, as well as experiments are performed, focusing on the plasma properties as well as the actual etching process, to obtain a better insight into the underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, the effects of gas pressure, applied power and gas composition are investigated to try to optimize the etch process. In general, the plasma density reaches a maximum near the wafer edge due to the so-called 'edge effect'. As a result, the etch rate is not uniform but will also reach its maximum near the wafer edge. The pressure seems not to have a big effect. A higher power increases the etch rate, but the uniformity becomes (slightly) worse. The gas mixing ratio has no significant effect on the etch process, except when a pure H2 or N2 plasma is used, illustrating the synergistic effects of a N2/H2 plasma. In fact, our calculations reveal that the N2/H2 plasma entails an ion-enhanced etch process. The simulation results are in reasonable agreement with the experimental values. The microscopic etch profile shows the desired anisotropic shape under all conditions under study. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | 000317275400013 | Publication Date | 2013-03-18 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 13 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2013 IF: 3.056 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:106654 | Serial | 1084 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Kozák, T.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
| Title | Evaluation of the energy efficiency of CO2 conversion in microwave discharges using a reaction kinetics model | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 24 | Issue | 24 | Pages | 015024 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | We use a zero-dimensional reaction kinetics model to simulate CO2 conversion in microwave discharges where the excitation of the vibrational levels plays a significant role in the dissociation kinetics. The model includes a description of the CO2 vibrational kinetics, taking into account state-specific VT and VV relaxation reactions and the effect of vibrational excitation on other chemical reactions. The model is used to simulate a general tubular microwave reactor, where a stream of CO2 flows through a plasma column generated by microwave radiation. We study the effects of the internal plasma parameters, namely the reduced electric field, electron density and the total specific energy input, on the CO2 conversion and its energy efficiency. We report the highest energy efficiency (up to 30%) for a specific energy input in the range 0.41.0 eV/molecule and a reduced electric field in the range 50100 Td and for high values of the electron density (an ionization degree greater than 10−5). The energy efficiency is mainly limited by the VT relaxation which contributes dominantly to the vibrational energy losses and also contributes significantly to the heating of the reacting gas. The model analysis provides useful insight into the potential and limitations of CO2 conversion in microwave discharges. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | 000348298200025 | Publication Date | 2014-12-23 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 100 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2015 IF: 3.591 | |||
| Call Number | c:irua:122243 | Serial | 1087 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Zhao, S.-X.; Gao, F.; Wang, Y.-N.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
| Title | Gas ratio effects on the Si etch rate and profile uniformity in an inductively coupled Ar/CF4 plasma | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 22 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 015017-15018 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | In this work, a hybrid model is used to investigate the effect of different gas ratios on the Si etching and polymer film deposition characteristics in an Ar/CF4 inductively coupled plasma. The influence of the surface processes on the bulk plasma properties is studied, and also the spatial characteristics of important gas phase and etched species. The densities of F and CF2 decrease when the surface module is included in the simulations, due to the species consumption caused by etching and polymer deposition. The influence of the surface processes on the bulk plasma depends on the Ar/CF4 gas ratio. The deposited polymer becomes thicker at high CF4 content because of more abundant CFx radicals. As a result of the competition between the polymer thickness and the F flux, the etch rate first increases and then decreases upon increasing the CF4 content. The electron properties, more specifically the electron density profile, affect the Si etch characteristics substantially by determining the radical density and flux profiles. In fact, the radial profile of the etch rate is more uniform at low CF4 content since the electron density has a smooth distribution. At high CF4 content, the etch rate is less uniform with a minimum halfway along the wafer radius, because the electron density distribution is more localized. Therefore, our calculations predict that it is better to work at relatively high Ar/CF4 gas ratios, in order to obtain high etch rate and good profile uniformity for etch applications. This, in fact, corresponds to the typical experimental etch conditions in Ar/CF4 gas mixtures as found in the literature, where Ar is typically present at a much higher concentration than CF4. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | 000314966300022 | Publication Date | 2012-12-20 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 11 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2013 IF: 3.056 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:102583 | Serial | 1320 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Zhang, Q.-Z.; Liu, Y.-X.; Jiang, W.; Bogaerts, A.; Wang, Y.-N. | ||||
| Title | Heating mechanism in direct current superposed single-frequency and dual-frequency capacitively coupled plasmas | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 22 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 025014-25018 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | In this work particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision simulations are performed to study the heating mechanism and plasma characteristics in direct current (dc) superposed radio-frequency (RF) capacitively coupled plasmas, operated both in single-frequency (SF) and dual-frequency (DF) regimes. An RF (60/2 MHz) source is applied on the bottom electrode to sustain the discharge, and a dc source is fixed on the top electrode. The heating mechanism appears to be very different in dc superposed SF and DF discharges. When only a single source of 60 MHz is applied, the plasma bulk region is reduced by the dc source, thus the ionization rate and hence the electron density decrease with rising dc voltage. However, when a DF source of 60 and 2 MHz is applied, the electron density can increase upon addition of a dc voltage, depending on the gap length and applied dc voltage. This is explained from the spatiotemporal ionization rates in the DF discharge. In fact, a completely different behavior is observed for the ionization rate in the two half-periods of the LF source. In the first LF half-period, the situation resembles the dc superposed SF discharge, and the reduced plasma bulk region due to the negative dc bias results in a very small effective discharge area and a low ionization rate. On the other hand, in the second half-period, the negative dc bias is to some extent counteracted by the LF voltage, and the sheath close to the dc electrode becomes particularly thin. Consequently, the amplitude of the high-frequency sheath oscillations at the top electrode is largely enhanced, while the LF sheath at the bottom electrode is in its expanding phase and can thus well confine the high-energy electrons. Therefore, the ionization rate increases considerably in this second LF half-period. Furthermore, in addition to the comparison between SF and DF discharges and the effect of gap length and dc voltage, the effect of secondary electrons is examined. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | 000317275400016 | Publication Date | 2013-03-28 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 9 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2013 IF: 3.056 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:106877 | Serial | 1413 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Bogaerts, A.; Okhrimovskyy, A.; Baguer, N.; Gijbels, R. | ||||
| Title | Hollow cathode discharges with gas flow: numerical modelling for the effect on the sputtered atoms and the deposition flux | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 14 | Issue | Pages | 191-200 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | 000227652500021 | Publication Date | 2005-02-05 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 9 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2005 IF: 1.798 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:50478 | Serial | 1480 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Bogaerts, A.; Gijbels, R. | ||||
| Title | The ion- and atom-induced secondary electron emission yield: numerical study for the effect of clean and dirty cathode surfaces | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2002 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 11 | Issue | Pages | 27-36 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | 000174336300003 | Publication Date | 2002-08-25 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 51 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2002 IF: 1.816 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:40184 | Serial | 1739 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Tinck, S.; Boullart, W.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
| Title | Modeling Cl2/O2/Ar inductively coupled plasmas used for silicon etching : effects of SiO2 chamber wall coating | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 20 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 045012-045012,19 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | In this paper, simulations are performed to gain a better insight into the properties of a Cl2/Ar plasma, with and without O2, during plasma etching of Si. Both plasma and surface properties are calculated in a self-consistent manner. Special attention is paid to the behavior of etch products coming from the wafer or the walls, and how the chamber walls can affect the plasma and the resulting etch process. Two modeling cases are considered. In the first case, the reactor walls are defined as clean (Al2O3), whereas in the second case a SiO2 coating is introduced on the reactor walls before the etching process, so that oxygen will be sputtered from the walls and introduced into the plasma. For this reason, a detailed reaction set is presented for a Cl2/O2/Ar plasma containing etched species, as well as an extensive reaction set for surface processes, including physical and chemical sputtering, chemical etching and deposition processes. Density and flux profiles of various species are presented for a better understanding of the bulk plasma during the etching process. Detailed information is also given on the composition of the surfaces at various locations of the reactor, on the etch products in the plasma and on the surface loss probabilities of the plasma species at the walls, with different compositions. It is found that in the clean chamber, walls are mostly chlorinated (Al2Cl3), with a thin layer of etch products residing on the wall. In the coated chamber, an oxy-chloride layer is grown on the walls for a few nanometers during the etching process. The Cl atom wall loss probability is found to decrease significantly in the coated chamber, hence increasing the etch rate. SiCl2, SiCl4 and SiCl3 are found to be the main etch products in the plasma, with the fraction of SiCl2 being always slightly higher. The simulation results compare well with experimental data available from the literature. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | 000295829800014 | Publication Date | 2011-06-14 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 22 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2011 IF: 2.521 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:91045 | Serial | 2141 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Georgieva, V.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
| Title | Plasma characteristics of an Ar/CF4/N2 discharge in an asymmetric dual frequency reactor: numerical investigation by a PIC/MC model | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 15 | Issue | Pages | 368-377 | |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | 000240655500010 | Publication Date | 2006-04-28 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 35 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2006 IF: 2.346 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:57550 | Serial | 2630 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Van Gaens, W.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
| Title | Reaction pathways of biomedically active species in an Ar plasma jet | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 23 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 035015-35027 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | In this paper we analyse the gas phase production and loss pathways for several biomedically active species, i.e. N2(A), O, O3, O2(a), N, H, HO2, OH, NO, NO2, N2O5, H2O2, HNO2 and HNO3, in an argon plasma jet flowing into an open humid air atmosphere. For this purpose, we employ a zero-dimensional reaction kinetics model to mimic the typical experimental conditions by fitting several parameters to experimentally measured values. These include ambient air diffusion, the gas temperature profile and power deposition along the jet effluent. We focus in detail on how the pathways of the biomedically active species change as a function of the position in the effluent, i.e. inside the discharge device, active plasma jet effluent and afterglow region far from the nozzle. Moreover, we demonstrate how the reaction kinetics and species production are affected by different ambient air humidities, total deposited power into the plasma and gas temperature along the jet. It is shown that the dominant pathways can drastically change as a function of the distance from the nozzle exit or experimental conditions. | ||||
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | 000337891900017 | Publication Date | 2014-05-22 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 34 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2014 IF: 3.591 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:117075 | Serial | 2820 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Kozák, T.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
| Title | Splitting of CO2 by vibrational excitation in non-equilibrium plasmas : a reaction kinetics model | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 23 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 045004 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | We present a zero-dimensional kinetic model of CO2 splitting in non-equilibrium plasmas. The model includes a description of the CO2 vibrational kinetics (25 vibrational levels up to the dissociation limit of the molecule), taking into account state-specific VT and VV relaxation reactions and the effect of vibrational excitation on other chemical reactions. The model is applied to study the reaction kinetics of CO2 splitting in an atmospheric-pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and in a moderate-pressure microwave discharge. The model results are in qualitative agreement with published experimental works. We show that the CO2 conversion and its energy efficiency are very different in these two types of discharges, which reflects the important dissociation mechanisms involved. In the microwave discharge, excitation of the vibrational levels promotes efficient dissociation when the specific energy input is higher than a critical value (2.0 eV/molecule under the conditions examined). The calculated energy efficiency of the process has a maximum of 23%. In the DBD, vibrationally excited levels do not contribute significantly to the dissociation of CO2 and the calculated energy efficiency of the process is much lower (5%). | ||||
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
| Language | Wos | 000345761500014 | Publication Date | 2014-06-17 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 170 | Open Access | |
| Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2014 IF: 3.591 | |||
| Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:117398 | Serial | 3108 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Kolev, S.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
| Title | Similarities and differences between gliding glow and gliding arc discharges | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 24 | Issue | 24 | Pages | 065023 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | In this work we have analyzed the properties of a gliding dc discharge in argon at atmospheric pressure. Despite the usual designation of these discharges as ‘gliding arc discharges’, it was found previously that they operate in two different regimes—glow and arc. Here we analyze the differences in both regimes by means of two dimensional fluid modeling. In order to address different aspects of the discharge operation, we use two models—Cartesian and axisymmetric in a cylindrical coordinate system. The obtained results show that the two types of discharges produce a similar plasma column for a similar discharge current. However, the different mechanisms of plasma channel attachment to the cathode could produce certain differences in the plasma parameters (i.e. arc elongation), and this can affect gas treatments applications. | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 000368117100028 | Publication Date | 2015-11-26 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 12 | Open Access | |
| Notes | This work is financially supported by the Methusalem financing and by the IAP/7 (Inter-university Attraction Pole) program ‘Physical Chemistry of Plasma-Surface Interactions’ from the Belgian Federal Office for Science Policy (BELSPO). The work was carried out in part using the Turing HPC infrastructure of the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen, a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the Universiteit Antwerpen | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2015 IF: 3.591 | ||
| Call Number | c:irua:129214 | Serial | 3952 | ||
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| Author | Van Laer, K.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
| Title | Fluid modelling of a packed bed dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 25 | Issue | 25 | Pages | 015002 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | A packed bed dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor is computationally studied with a fluid model. Two different complementary axisymmetric 2D geometries are used to mimic the intrinsic 3D problem. It is found that a packing enhances the electric field strength and electron temperature at the contact points of the dielectric material due to polarization of the beads by the applied potential. As a result, these contact points prove to be of direct importance to initiate the plasma. At low applied potential, the discharge stays at the contact points, and shows the properties of a Townsend discharge. When a high enough potential is applied, the plasma will be able to travel through the gaps in between the beads from wall to wall, forming a kind of glow discharge. Therefore, the inclusion of a so-called ‘channel of voids’ is indispensable in any type of packed bed modelling. | ||||
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 000370974800009 | Publication Date | 2015-12-01 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 50 | Open Access | |
| Notes | The authors gratefully thank St Kolev for the many interesting discussions and the useful advise in setting up the models. This research was carried out in the framework of the network on Physical Chemistry of Plasma-Surface Interactions— Interuniversity Attraction Poles, phase VII (http://psi-iap7.ulb. ac.be/), and supported by the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO). K Van Laer is indebted to the Institute for the Promotion of Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT Flanders) for financial support. | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302 | ||
| Call Number | c:irua:129802 | Serial | 3982 | ||
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| Author | Belov, I.; Paulussen, S.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
| Title | Appearance of a conductive carbonaceous coating in a CO2dielectric barrier discharge and its influence on the electrical properties and the conversion efficiency | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
| Volume | 25 | Issue | 25 | Pages | 015023 |
| Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
| Abstract | This work examines the properties of a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor, built for CO2 decomposition, by means of electrical characterization, optical emission spectroscopy and gas chromatography. The discharge, formed in an electronegative gas (such as CO2, but also O2), exhibits clearly different electrical characteristics, depending on the surface conductivity of the reactor walls. An asymmetric current waveform is observed in the metaldielectric (MD) configuration, with sparse high-current pulses in the positive half-cycle (HC) and a more uniform regime in the negative HC. This indicates that the discharge is operating in two alternating regimes with rather different properties. At high CO2 conversion regimes, a conductive coating is deposited on the dielectric. This so-called coated MD configuration yields a symmetric current waveform, with current peaks in both the positive and negative HCs. In a double-dielectric (DD) configuration, the current waveform is also symmetric, but without current peaks in both the positive and negative HC. Finally, the DD configuration with conductive coating on the inner surface of the outer dielectric, i.e. so-called coated DD, yields again an asymmetric current waveform, with current peaks in the negative HC. These different electrical characteristics are related to the presence of the conductive coating on the dielectric wall of the reactor and can be explained by an increase of the local barrier capacitance available for charge transfer. The different discharge regimes affect the CO2 conversion, more specifically, the CO2 conversion is lowest in the clean DD configuration. It is somewhat higher in the coated DD configuration, and still higher in the MD configuration. The clean and coated MD configuration, however, gave similar CO2 conversion. These results indicate that the conductivity of the dielectric reactor walls can highly promote the development of the high-amplitude discharge current pulses and subsequently the CO2 conversion. | ||||
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Wos | 000370974800030 | Publication Date | 2016-01-21 | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0963-0252 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
| Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 25 | Open Access | |
| Notes | The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN) under Grant Agreement № 606889 (RAPID—Reactive Atmospheric Plasma processIng—eDucation network). | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302 | ||
| Call Number | c:irua:130790 | Serial | 4006 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||