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Author |
Dingenen, F.; Verbruggen, S.W. |
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Title |
Tapping hydrogen fuel from the ocean : a review on photocatalytic, photoelectrochemical and electrolytic splitting of seawater |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews |
Abbreviated Journal |
Renew Sust Energ Rev |
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Volume |
142 |
Issue |
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Pages |
110866 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Direct splitting of earth-abundant seawater provides an eco-friendly route for the production of clean H2, but is hampered by selectivity and stability issues. Direct seawater electrolysis is the most established technology, attaining high current densities in the order of 1–2 A cm−2. Alternatively, light-driven processes such as photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical seawater splitting are particularly promising as well, as they rely on renewable solar power. Solar-to-Hydrogen efficiencies have increased over the past decade from negligible values to about 2%. Especially the absence of large local pH changes (in the order of several tenths of a pH unit compared to up to 9 pH units for electrolysis) is a strong asset for pure photocatalysis. This may lead to less adverse side-reactions such as Cl2 and ClO− formation, (acid or base induced) corrosion and scaling. Besides, additional requirements for electrolytic cells, e.g. membranes and electricity input, are not needed in pure photocatalysis systems. In this review, the state-of-the-art technologies in light-driven seawater splitting are compared to electrochemical approaches with a focus on sustainability and stability. Promising advances are identified at the level of the catalyst as well as the process, and insight is provided in solutions crossing different fields. |
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Wos |
000632316600003 |
Publication Date |
2021-03-03 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1364-0321; 1879-0690 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
8.05 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 8.05 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:175701 |
Serial |
8642 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Blommaerts, N.; Hoeven, N.; Arenas Esteban, D.; Campos, R.; Mertens, M.; Borah, R.; Glisenti, A.; De Wael, K.; Bals, S.; Lenaerts, S.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Cool, P. |
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Title |
Tuning the turnover frequency and selectivity of photocatalytic CO2 reduction to CO and methane using platinum and palladium nanoparticles on Ti-Beta zeolites |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Chemical Engineering Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
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Volume |
410 |
Issue |
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Pages |
128234 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL); Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
A Ti-Beta zeolite was used in gas phase photocatalytic CO2 reduction to reduce the charge recombination rate and increase the surface area compared to P25 as commercial benchmark, reaching 607 m2 g-1. By adding Pt nanoparticles, the selectivity can be tuned toward CO, reaching a value of 92% and a turnover frequency (TOF) of 96 µmol.gcat-1.h-1, nearly an order of magnitude higher in comparison with P25. By adding Pd nanoparticles the selectivity can be shifted from CO (70% for a bare Ti-Beta zeolite), toward CH4 as the prevalent species (60%). In this way, the selectivity toward CO or CH4 can be tuned by either using Pt or Pd. The TOF values obtained in this work outperform reported state-of-the-art values in similar research. The improved activity by adding the nanoparticles was attributed to an improved charge separation efficiency, together with a plasmonic contribution of the metal nanoparticles under the applied experimental conditions. |
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Wos |
000623394200004 |
Publication Date |
2021-01-09 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1385-8947 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.216 |
Times cited |
15 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
N.B., S.L., S.W.V. and P.C. wish to thank the Flemish government and Catalisti for financial support and coordination in terms of a sprint SBO in the context of the moonshot project D2M. N.H. thanks the Flanders Innovation and Entrepreneurship (VLAIO) for the financial support. The Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE) group, R. Blust, University of Antwerp is acknowledged for the ICP-MS measurements. |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.216 |
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Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @c:irua:174591 |
Serial |
6662 |
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Author |
Keulemans, M.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Hauchecorne, B.; Martens, J.A.; Lenaerts, S. |
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Title |
Activity versus selectivity in photocatalysis : morphological or electronic properties tipping the scale |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Journal of catalysis |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Catal |
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Volume |
344 |
Issue |
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Pages |
221-228 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
In this paper a structure-activity and structure-selectivity relation is established for three commercial TiO2 sources (P25, P90, and PC500). Morphological and electronic parameters of the photocatalysts are determined using widely applicable and inexpensive characterization procedures. More specifically, the electronic properties are rigorously characterized using an electron titration method yielding quantitative information on the amount of defect sites present in the catalyst. Surface photovoltage measurements on the other hand provide complementary information on the charge carrier recombination process. As model reaction, the degradation of a solid layer of stearic acid is studied using an in situ FTIR reaction cell that enables to investigate the catalyst surface and possible formation of reaction intermediates while the reactions are ongoing. We show that the order of photocatalytic conversion is PC500 > P90 > P25, matching the order of favorable morphological properties. In terms of selectivity to CO2 formation (complete mineralization), however, this trend is reversed: P25 > P90 > PC500, now matching the order of advantageous electronic properties, i.e. low charge carrier recombination and high charge carrier generation. With this we intend to provide new mechanistic insights using a wide variety of physical, (wet) chemical and operando analysis methods that aid the development of performant (self-cleaning) photocatalytic materials. |
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Wos |
000390182800022 |
Publication Date |
2016-10-15 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0021-9517 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.844 |
Times cited |
10 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; M.K. acknowledges Flemish Agency for Innovation & Entrepreneurship for the doctoral scholarship. S.W.V. acknowledges the Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO) for a post-doctoral fellowship. J.A.M. acknowledges the Flemish government for long-term structural funding (Methusalem). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.844 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:136339 |
Serial |
5926 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Verbruggen, S.W.; Masschaele, K.; Moortgat, E.; Korany, T.E.; Hauchecorne, B.; Martens, J.A.; Lenaerts, S. |
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Title |
Factors driving the activity of commercial titanium dioxide powders towards gas phase photocatalytic oxidation of acetaldehyde |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Catalysis science & technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Catal Sci Technol |
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Volume |
2 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
2311-2318 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
The photocatalytic activity of two commercial titanium dioxide powders (Cristal Global, Millennium PC500 and Evonik, P25) is compared towards acetaldehyde degradation in the gas phase. In contrast to the extensive literature available, we found a higher activity for the PC500 than for the P25 coating. Here, we present a comprehensive characterization of the bulk and surface properties of both powders. Our comparison shows that the material properties that dominate the overall photocatalytic activity in gas phase differ from those required for the photodegradation of water-borne pollutants. |
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Wos |
000310863900020 |
Publication Date |
2012-06-13 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2044-4753; 2044-4761 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
5.773 |
Times cited |
33 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; S.W.V. acknowledges the Research Foundation of Flanders (FWO) for the financial support. J.A.M acknowledges long term funding (Methusalem). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 5.773; 2012 IF: 3.753 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:105162 |
Serial |
5952 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Caretti, I.; Keulemans, M.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Lenaerts, S.; Van Doorslaer, S. |
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Title |
Light-induced processes in plasmonic Gold/TiO2 photocatalysts studied by electron paramagnetic resonance |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Topics in catalysis |
Abbreviated Journal |
Top Catal |
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Volume |
58 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
776-782 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
X-band and W-band continuous-wave (CW) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) was used to study in situ light-induced (LI) mechanisms in commercial P90 titania (90 % anatase/10 % rutile) compared to plasmon-enhanced Au-P90 photocatalyst. These materials were excited using UV and 532 nm visible light to generate different excitation states and distinguish pure charge separation from plasmon-assisted resonance processes. Up to nine different photoinduced species of trapped electrons and holes were identified. LI CW EPR of P90 is presented for the first time, showing a UV excitation response similar to the well-known mixed-phase P25 titania. It is shown that incorporation of Au nanoparticles in Au-P90 and formation of a Schottky junction affects the charge separation state of the catalyst under UV light. Moreover, Au impregnation activated P90 through plasmon hot electron injection under visible light excitation (plasmonic sensitization effect). In general, EPR proved to be crucial to determine the different photoexciation paths and reactions that regulate plasmonic photocatalysis. |
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Wos |
000360011200008 |
Publication Date |
2015-08-03 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1022-5528 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
2.486 |
Times cited |
22 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; IC and SVD acknowledge the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO) for financial support (Grant G.0687.13). SV thanks FWO for financial support through a postdoctoral fellowship and MK acknowledges the agency for Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT) for financial support (Ph.D. Grant). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.486; 2015 IF: 2.365 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:127413 |
Serial |
5968 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Minjauw, M.M.; Solano, E.; Sree, S.P.; Asapu, R.; Van Daele, M.; Ramachandran, R.K.; Heremans, G.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Lenaerts, S.; Martens, J.A.; Detavernier, C.; Dendooven, J. |
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Title |
Plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of silver using Ag(fod)(PEt3) and NH3-plasma |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Chemistry of materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Mater |
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Volume |
29 |
Issue |
17 |
Pages |
7114-7121 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
A plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (ALD) process using the Ag(fod)(PEt3) precursor [(triethylphosphine)(6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethy1-3,5-octanedionate)silver(I)] in combination with NH3-plasma is reported. The steady growth rate of the reported process (0.24 +/- 0.03 nm/cycle) was found to be 6 times larger than that of the previously reported Ag ALD process based on the same precursor in combination with H-2-plasma (0.04 +/- 0.02 nm/cycle). The ALD characteristics of the H-2-plasma and NH3-plasma processes were verified. The deposited Ag films were polycrystalline face-centered cubic Ag for both processes. The film morphology was investigated by ex situ scanning electron microscopy and grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering, and it was found that films grown with the NH3-plasma process exhibit a much higher particle areal density and smaller particle sizes on oxide substrates compared to those deposited using the H-2-plasma process. This control over morphology of the deposited Ag is important for applications in catalysis and plasmonics. While films grown with the H-2-plasma process had oxygen impurities (similar to 9 atom %) in the bulk, the main impurity for the NH3-plasma process was nitrogen (similar to 7 atom %). In situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy experiments suggest that these nitrogen impurities are derived from NH surface groups generated during the NH3-plasma, which interact with the precursor molecules during the precursor pulse. We propose that the reaction of these surface groups with the precursor leads to additional deposition of Ag atoms during the precursor pulse compared to the H-2-plasma process, which explains the enhanced growth rate of the NH3-plasma process. |
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Wos |
000410868600012 |
Publication Date |
2017-08-09 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0897-4756 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
9.466 |
Times cited |
9 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; M.M.M. and J.D. acknowledge the Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Vlaanderen (FWO Vlaanderen) for financial support through a personal research grant. We also acknowledge FWO Vlaanderen for providing project funding for this work. We are grateful to the ESRF staff for smoothly running the synchrotron and beamline facilities. We also thank Olivier Janssens for performing the SEM measurements and Stefaan Broekaert for mechanical assistance. J.A.M. acknowledges the Flemish Government for long-term structural funding (Methusalem). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 9.466 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:146757 |
Serial |
5983 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Verbruggen, S.W. |
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Title |
TiO2 photocatalysis for the degradation of pollutants in gas phase : from morphological design to plasmonic enhancement |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Journal of photochemistry and photobiology: C: photochemistry reviews |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Photoch Photobio C |
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Volume |
24 |
Issue |
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Pages |
64-82 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
TiO2-based photocatalysis has become a viable technology in various application fields such as (waste)water purification, photovoltaics/artificial photosynthesis, environmentally friendly organic synthesis and remediation of air pollution. Because of the increasing impact of bad air quality worldwide, this review focuses on the use and optimization of TiO2-based photocatalysts for gas phase applications. Over the past years various specific aspects of TiO2 photocatalysis have been reviewed individually. The intent of this review is to offer a broad tutorial on (recent) trends in TiO2 photocatalyst modification for the intensification of photocatalytic air treatment. After briefly introducing the fundamentals of photocatalysis, TiO2 photocatalyst modification is discussed both on a morphological and an electronic level from the perspective of gas phase applications. The main focus is laid on recent developments, but also possible opportunities to the field. This review is intended as a solid introduction for researchers new to the field, as well as a summarizing update for established investigators. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Wos |
000360420600004 |
Publication Date |
2015-07-23 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1389-5567 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
12.317 |
Times cited |
121 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The author wishes to thank the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) for the financial support and postdoctoral fellowship. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 12.317; 2015 IF: 16.091 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:127801 |
Serial |
5997 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Ninakanti, R.; Dingenen, F.; Borah, R.; Peeters, H.; Verbruggen, S.W. |
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Title |
Plasmonic hybrid nanostructures in photocatalysis : structures, mechanisms, and applications |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Topics in Current Chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
380 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
40-62 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
(Sun)Light is an abundantly available sustainable source of energy that has been used in catalyzing chemical reactions for several decades now. In particular, studies related to the interaction of light with plasmonic nanostructures have been receiving increased attention. These structures display the unique property of localized surface plasmon resonance, which converts light of a specific wavelength range into hot charge carriers, along with strong local electromagnetic fields, and/or heat, which may all enhance the reaction efficiency in their own way. These unique properties of plasmonic nanoparticles can be conveniently tuned by varying the metal type, size, shape, and dielectric environment, thus prompting a research focus on rationally designed plasmonic hybrid nanostructures. In this review, the term “hybrid” implies nanomaterials that consist of multiple plasmonic or non-plasmonic materials, forming complex configurations in the geometry and/or at the atomic level. We discuss the synthetic techniques and evolution of such hybrid plasmonic nanostructures giving rise to a wide variety of material and geometric configurations. Bimetallic alloys, which result in a new set of opto-physical parameters, are compared with core–shell configurations. For the latter, the use of metal, semiconductor, and polymer shells is reviewed. Also, more complex structures such as Janus and antenna reactor composites are discussed. This review further summarizes the studies exploiting plasmonic hybrids to elucidate the plasmonic-photocatalytic mechanism. Finally, we review the implementation of these plasmonic hybrids in different photocatalytic application domains such as H2 generation, CO2 reduction, water purification, air purification, and disinfection. |
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Wos |
000839670500009 |
Publication Date |
2022-08-11 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2364-8961 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:189825 |
Serial |
7195 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Dingenen, F.; Borah, R.; Ninakanti, R.; Verbruggen, S.W. |
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Title |
Probing oxygen activation on plasmonic photocatalysts |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Front Chem |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
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Pages |
988542-10 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
In this work we present an assay to probe the oxygen activation rate on plasmonic nanoparticles under visible light. Using a superoxide-specific XTT molecular probe, the oxygen activation rate on bimetallic gold-silver “rainbow” nanoparticles with a broadband visible light (> 420 nm) response, is determined at different light intensities by measuring its conversion into the colored XTT-formazan derivate. A kinetic model is applied to enable a quantitative estimation of the rate constant, and is shown to match almost perfectly with the experimental data. Next, the broadband visible light driven oxygen activation capacity of this plasmonic rainbow system, supported on nano-sized SiO 2 , is demonstrated towards the oxidation of aniline to azobenzene in DMSO. To conclude, a brief theoretical discussion is devoted to the possible mechanisms behind such plasmon-driven reactions. |
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Wos |
000860818400001 |
Publication Date |
2022-09-12 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2296-2646 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record |
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Impact Factor |
5.5 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 5.5 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:190868 |
Serial |
7197 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Khan, S.U.; Trashin, S.; Beltran, V.; Korostei, Y.S.; Pelmus, M.; Gorun, S.M.; Dubinina, T., V.; Verbruggen, S.W.; De Wael, K. |
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Title |
Photoelectrochemical behavior of phthalocyanine-sensitized TiO₂ in the presence of electron-shuttling mediators |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
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Volume |
94 |
Issue |
37 |
Pages |
12723-12731 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL); Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab) |
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Abstract |
Dye-sensitized TiO(2 )has found many applications for dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC), solar-to-chemical energy conversion, water/air purification systems, and (electro)chemical sensors. We report an electrochemical system for testing dye-sensitized materials that can be utilized in photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors and energy conversion. Unlike related systems, the reported system does not require a direct electron transfer from semiconductors to electrodes. Rather, it relies on electron shuttling by redox mediators. A range of model photocatalytic materials were prepared using three different TiO2 materials (P25, P90, and PC500) and three sterically hindered phthalocyanines (Pcs) with electron-rich tert-butyl substituents (t-Bu4PcZn, t-Bu4PcAlCl, and t-Bu4PcH2). The materials were compared with previously developed TiO(2 )modified by electron-deficient, also sterically hindered fluorinated phthalocyanine F64PcZn, a singlet oxygen (O-1(2)) producer, as well as its metal-free derivative, F64PcH2. The PEC activity depended on the redox mediator, as well as the type of TiO2 and Pc. By comparing the responses of one-electron shuttles, such as K4Fe(CN)(4), and O-1(2)-reactive electron shuttles, such as phenol, it is possible to reveal the action mechanism of the supported photosensitizers, while the overall activity can be assessed using hydroquinone. t-Bu4PcAlCl showed significantly lower blank responses and higher specific responses toward chlorophenols compared to t-Bu4PcZn due to the electron-withdrawing effect of the Al3+ metal center. The combination of reactivity insights and the need for only microgram amounts of sensing materials renders the reported system advantageous for practical applications. |
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Wos |
000855284300001 |
Publication Date |
2022-09-12 |
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ISSN |
0003-2700; 5206-882x |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
7.4 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 7.4 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:190602 |
Serial |
7190 |
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Author |
Raes, A.; Ninakanti, R.; Van den Bergh, L.; Borah, R.; Van Doorslaer, S.; Verbruggen, S.W. |
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Title |
Black titania by sonochemistry : a critical evaluation of existing methods |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Ultrasonics sonochemistry |
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Volume |
100 |
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Pages |
106601-106609 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Theory and Spectroscopy of Molecules and Materials (TSM²); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA) |
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Abstract |
In the field of photocatalysis, the fabrication of black titania is a booming topic, as it offers a system with improved solar light harvesting properties and increased overall efficiency. The darkening of white TiO2 powders can be ascribed to surface hydroxylation, oxygen vacancies, Ti3+ centres, or a combination thereof. A handful of studies suggests these defects can be conveniently introduced by acoustic cavitation, generated during sonochemical treatment of pristine TiO2 powders. In reproducing these studies, P25 TiO2 samples were ultrasonicated for various hours with a power density of 8000 W/L, resulting in powders that indeed became gradually darker with increasing sonication time. However, HAADF–STEM revealed that extensive erosion of the sonotrode tip took place and contaminated the samples, which appeared to be the primary reason for the observed colour change. This was confirmed by UV–Vis DRS and DRIFTS, that showed no significant alteration of the catalyst surface after sonication. EPR measurements showed that only an insignificant fraction of Ti3+ centres were produced, far less than in a TiO2 sample that was chemically reduced with NaBH4. No evidence of the presence oxygen vacancies could be found. The enhanced photocatalytic activities of ultrasonicated materials reported in literature can therefore not be ascribed to the synthesis of actual black (defected) TiO2, but rather to specific changes in morphology as a result of acoustic cavitation. Also, this study underlines the importance of considering probe erosion in sonochemical catalyst synthesis, which is an unavoidable side effect that can have an important impact on the catalyst appearance, properties and performance. |
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001084391500001 |
Publication Date |
2023-09-15 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1350-4177 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
8.4 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 8.4; 2023 IF: 4.218 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:198848 |
Serial |
8838 |
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Author |
Van Hoecke, L.; Laffineur, L.; Campe, R.; Perreault, P.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Lenaerts, S. |
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Title |
Challenges in the use of hydrogen for maritime applications |
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A1 Journal Article;Review article, Hydrogen Production, Hydrogen Storage, Maritime Applications |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Energy & Environmental Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Energ Environ Sci |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal Article;Review article, Hydrogen Production, Hydrogen Storage, Maritime Applications; Sustainable energy, air and water technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Maritime shipping is a key factor that enables the global economy, however the pressure it exerts on the environment is increasing rapidly. In order to reduce the emissions of harmful greenhouse gasses, the search is on for alternative fuels for the maritime shipping industry. In this work the usefulness of hydrogen and hydrogen carriers is being investigated as a fuel for sea going ships. Due to the low volumetric energy density of hydrogen under standard conditions, the need for efficient storage of this fuel is high. Key processes in the use of hydrogen are discussed, starting with the production of hydrogen from fossil and renewable sources. The focus of this review is different storage methods, and in this work we discuss the storage of hydrogen at high pressure, in liquefied form at cryogenic temperatures and bound to liquid or solid-state carriers. In this work a theoretical introduction to different hydrogen storage methods precedes an analysis of the energy-efficiency and practical storage density of the carriers. In the final section the major challenges and hurdles for the development of hydrogen storage for the maritime industry are discussed. The most likely challenges will be the development of a new bunkering infrastructure and suitable monitoring of the safety to ensure safe operation of these hydrogen carriers on board the ship. |
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Wos |
000621101100009 |
Publication Date |
2021-01-07 |
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ISSN |
1754-5692 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
29.518 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
For the completion of this work we would like to thank, Compagnie Maritime Belge for initial funding 9 of the research into maritime hydrogen storage and the University of Antwerp for funding of the 10 Doctoral Project that allowed for the completion of this work. |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 29.518 |
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Call Number |
DuEL @ duel @c:irua:174754 |
Serial |
6668 |
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Author |
Verbruggen, S.W.; Mul, G. |
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Title |
Editorial overview : photocatalysis 2022 shining light on a diversity of research opportunities |
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Editorial |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Current opinion in green and sustainable chemistry |
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Volume |
42 |
Issue |
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Pages |
100838-2 |
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Keywords |
Editorial; Engineering sciences. Technology |
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Wos |
001034184800001 |
Publication Date |
2023-06-03 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2452-2236 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record |
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Impact Factor |
9.3 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
Not_Open_Access |
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Most recent IF: 9.3; 2023 IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:197220 |
Serial |
8854 |
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