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Author Muia, L.M.; Van Grieken, R. doi  openurl
  Title Use of theoretical accurate binary influence coefficients with Tertian's equation in X-ray fluorescence analysis of silicate rocks in borax glass beads Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1990 Publication X-ray spectrometry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages 141-144  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract A study of the suitability of the Tertian algorithm using new accurate binary influence coefficients and a comparison standard for x-ray fluorescence analysis of geological materials prepared as borax glass beads was performed. The algorithm was found to give satisfactory results for the analysis of four major components in geological materials. Even in the worst case, when there is a factor of 20 difference in the concentration in the specimen and a comparison standard, the algorithm gives results which differ from the true results by a factor of about 2. This makes the algorithm attractive as a diagnostic tool in analyses of unknown specimens and in the identification of appropriate standards. The binary coefficients are easily calculated so that the algorithm can be implemented on a minicomputer.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos A1990DJ47800009 Publication Date 2005-05-28  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0049-8246 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:116492 Serial 8725  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Vanderborght, B.M.; Van Grieken, R.E. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Water analysis by spark-source mass-spectrometry after preconcentration on activated carbon Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1980 Publication Talanta : the international journal of pure and applied analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 27 Issue 5 Pages 417-422  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract For trace analyses of environmental waters, spark-source mass-spectrometry has been combined with a preconcentration procedure involving chelation of the dissolved trace elements with oxine and subsequent adsorption of the oxinates and naturally occurring organic and colloidal metal species onto activated carbon. The activated carbon is filtered off and ashed at low temperature. The residue is dissolved, an internal standard and pure graphite are added and, after drying, the electrodes are prepared. The photographically recorded mass spectrum is evaluated by a suitable computer routine. The error of the procedure is around 30%. While this preconcentration and analysis procedure is capable of measuring about 40 elements quantitatively, in practice 1025 trace elements are determined simultaneously above the 0.1-μg/l. detection limit, as is illustrated by analyses of drinking water, surface and ground water samples. Although a sophisticated technique, SSMS can be considered for regular panoramic survey analyses.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos A1980JR07800006 Publication Date 2002-07-25  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0039-9140; 1873-3573 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:116557 Serial 8746  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Török, S.; Labar, J.; Schmeling, M.; Van Grieken, R. openurl 
  Title X-ray spectrometry Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1998 Publication Analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 70 Issue Pages 495r-517r  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000074161100020 Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-2700; 5206-882x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:20967 Serial 8776  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Cotte, M.; Checroun, E.; De Nolf, W.; Taniguchi, Y.; De Viguerie, L.; Burghammer, M.; Walter, P.; Rivard, C.; Salome, M.; Janssens, K.; Susini, J. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Lead soaps in paintings : friends or foes? Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2017 Publication Studies in conservation Abbreviated Journal Stud Conserv  
  Volume 62 Issue 1 Pages 2-23  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Art; History; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract The origin(s) and role(s) of metal soaps in paints are a worldwide concern today. These hybrid compounds, containing both fatty acid chains and metals associated with a carboxylate function, are increasingly identified in paints. As reviewed in the first part of this work, the presence of metal soaps in paints is differently interpreted in scientific publications: metal soaps are sometimes considered to play a positive role as anchor points, during paint drying processes; they can also be considered as responsible for many degradation processes (protrusions, efflorescences, darkening, etc.). Their origins are also interpreted in various ways. In some paintings (in particular from the twentieth century), they have sometimes introduced on purpose, as additives, to modify the physical properties of the painting materials. In older paintings, metal soaps are usually thought to result from an uncontrolled reaction of oil with lead-based pigments, in particular lead white, red lead, and lead tin yellow. In the second part of this work, the review of historical recipes of lead-based paint shows an important number of recipes based on controlled mixing of oil with lead driers. In the third part, the experimental reproduction of such traditional recipes using walnut oil and litharge (PbO) shows that lead soaps can be formed, both in about one hour at approximate to 100 degrees C, or in about one month at room temperature. It shows as well that after a few years, litharge is no longer detected in the paint medium, while different lead carbonates are. Finally, the micro-infrared spectroscopy and micro-X-ray diffraction re-analysis of protrusions from a nine-year model painting shows together with lead soaps, the presence of Pb-5(CO3)(3)(OH)(2)O ('synthetic plumbonacrite'), an unusual phase recently observed in a protrusion from a painting by Vincent Van Gogh. This work highlights (i) the multiple origins and roles of metal soaps in paints and (ii) the importance of combining the analysis of fragments from historical paintings with the analysis and reproduction of historical recipes. In particular, we show that the components detected today in historical paintings may severely differ from those originally used or prepared by the painter, complicating the assessment of the painter's intentions. More than the presence of metal soaps, the key questions to be tackled should be about their origins and (re)mobilization.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000393691200002 Publication Date 2016-10-03  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0039-3630; 2047-0584 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 0.578 Times cited 26 Open Access  
  Notes ; This work was supported by the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. ; Approved Most recent IF: 0.578  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:141976 Serial 5690  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Bernardi, A.; Becherini, F.; Verità, M.; Godoi, R.H.M.; Kontozova-Deutsch, V.; Van Grieken, R.; et al. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Conservation of stained glass windows with protective glazing : main results from the European VIDRIO research programme Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2013 Publication Journal of cultural heritage Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 14 Issue 6 Pages 527-536  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Art; History; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract The methodology of protecting the European stained glass windows against environmental risk (e.g. meteorological factors, air pollution, microorganisms) by means of an external glazing is not new. In spite of many scientific studies carried out in the last 20 years, some questions were still up for discussion. The European VIDRIO (20022005) project gave an answer to these questions. The research carried out by the different project partners established a new multidisciplinary approach aimed at evaluating the efficiency of the protective glazing systems and their effects on stained glass windows conservation, and finally at assessing the most appropriate strategy to preserve stained glass windows. Scientific results showed that the so-called isothermal glazing (i.e. ventilation by the air coming from the inside of the building) protected efficiently the ancient stained glass window from environmental attack (i.e. rain, pollutants, condensation, thermal shocks) with very limited secondary effects. The scientific research highlighted that its efficiency was strongly related to the technical design of the protective system. In particular, the ventilation and the size of the interspace had to be carefully considered. The research developed within the VIDRIO project was turned into general recommendations to the owners and practitioners on the best practice for the stained glass windows future conservation.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000326937800009 Publication Date 2013-01-03  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1296-2074 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:111817 Serial 7726  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Menegaldo, B.; Aleccia, D.; Nuyts, G.; Amato, A.; Orsega, E.F.; Moro, G.; Balliana, E.; De Wael, K.; Moretto, L.M.; Beltran, V. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Stories of the life of Saint George : materials and techniques from a Barbelli mural painting Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2023 Publication Studies in conservation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-14  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Art; History; Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab)  
  Abstract Gian Giacomo Inchiocchio (1604-1656), better known as Barbelli, was one of the main exponents of Lombard painting of the seventeenth century. A large body of work is attributed to him, encompassing a wide range of drawings, murals, and oil paintings. However, despite his broad production, there are still many open questions regarding his painting techniques and materials. In this paper, a multi-analytical study of the cycle Stories of the life of Saint George that originally decorated the presbytery of the parish church of Casaletto Vaprio (Cremona, Italy) was performed, combining non-invasive techniques with the characterisation of selected micro samples. Results show that Barbelli used a very limited number of inorganic pigments, often mixing them together to create different colours and shades. Remains of caseinate and degradation products (i.e. weddellite and whewellite) related to the strappo intervention were also highlighted. The study helped to decipher the materials and technique of this painting, providing data that can be used as a reference to study his extensive production.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 001080139100001 Publication Date 2023-10-04  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0039-3630; 2047-0584 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record  
  Impact Factor 0.8 Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 0.8; 2023 IF: 0.578  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:200302 Serial 9098  
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Author Jembrih-Simbürger, D.; Neelmeijer, C.; Schalm, O.; Fredrickx, P.; Schreiner, M.; De Vis, K.; Mäder, M.; Schryvers, D.; Caen, J. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title The colour of silver stained glass : analytical investigations carried out with XRF, SEM/EDX, TEM and IBA Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2002 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom  
  Volume 17 Issue Pages 321-328  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Art; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract Glass treated on its surface with silver compounds and an aluminosilicate, such as ochre or clay, at higher temperatures (between 550 and 650 °C) accepts a wide variety of a yellow colour. It is the aim of this study to investigate the parameters of the manufacturing process affecting the final colour of silver stained glass and to correlate them with the final colour and colour intensity. Therefore, defined mixtures of ochre and a silver compound (AgCl, AgNO3, Ag2SO4, Ag3PO4, Ag2O) were prepared and applied on soda-lime glass. The firing process was modified within the range from 563 to 630 °C and glass samples were analysed after treatment with energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis (EDXRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), as well as ion beam analysis (IBA) with an external beam. Within the scope of IBA simultaneous measurements using particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE), particle-induced gamma-ray emission (PIGE), and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) were carried out in order to obtain the thickness of the Ag-rich surface layer and the depth distribution of Ag. By means of TEM the microstructure of the silver particles was visualised. XRF results show that the lowest amount of Ag could be detected on glass samples treated with silver stain mixtures containing AgCl and Ag2O. A low kiln temperature (e.g. 563 °C) results in a higher silver concentration at the surface and lower penetration depths. Furthermore, the results obtained with SEM/EDX at cross-sections of the glass samples could be confirmed by PIXE, PIGE, RBS, and TEM.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication London Editor  
  Language Wos 000175158900001 Publication Date 2002-07-26  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0267-9477;1364-5544; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 42 Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 3.379; 2002 IF: 4.250  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:48775 Serial 395  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author van Loon, A.; Noble, P.; de Man, D.; Alfeld, M.; Callewaert, T.; van der Snickt, G.; Janssens, K.; Dik, J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title The role of smalt in complex pigment mixtures in Rembrandt'sHomer1663: combining MA-XRF imaging, microanalysis, paint reconstructions and OCT Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2020 Publication Heritage science Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages 90-19  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)  
  Abstract As part of the NWO Science4ArtsREVISRembrandtproject (2012-2018), novel chemical imaging techniques were developed and applied to the study of Rembrandt's late experimental painting technique (1651-1669). One of the unique features in his late paintings is his abundant use of smalt: a blue cobalt glass pigment that he often combined with organic lake pigments, earth pigments and blacks. Since most of these smalt-containing paints have discolored over time, we wanted to find out more about how these paintings may have originally looked, and what the role of smalt was in his paint. This paper reports on the use of smalt in complex pigment mixtures in Rembrandt'sHomer(1663), Mauritshuis, The Hague. Macroscopic X-ray fluorescence imaging (MA-XRF) assisted by computational analysis, in combination with SEM-EDX analysis of paint cross-sections, provides new information about the distribution and composition of the smalt paints in the painting. Paint reconstructions were carried out to investigate the effect of different percentages of smalt on the overall color, the drying properties, translucency and texture of the paint. Results show that the influence of (the originally blue) smalt on the intended color of the paint of theHomeris minimal. However, in mixtures with high percentages of smalt, or when combined with more transparent pigments, it was concluded that the smalt did produce a cooler and darker paint. It was also found that the admixture of opaque pigments reduced the translucent character of the smalt. The drying tests show that the paints with (cobalt-containing) smalt dried five times faster compared to those with glass (without cobalt). Most significantly, the texture of the paint was strongly influenced by adding smalt, creating a more irregular surface topography with clearly pronounced brushstrokes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used as an additional tool to reveal differences in translucency and texture between the different paint reconstructions. In conclusion, this study confirmed earlier assumptions that Rembrandt used substantial amounts of smalt in his late paintings, not for its blue color, but to give volume and texture to his paints, to deepen their colors and to make them dry faster.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000565893700001 Publication Date 2020-09-04  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2050-7445 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.5 Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 2.5; 2020 IF: NA  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:171995 Serial 8659  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Vermeulen, M.; Sanyova, J.; Janssens, K. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Identification of artificial orpiment in the interior decorations of the Japanese tower in Laeken, Brussels, Belgium Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2015 Publication Heritage science Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 3 Issue Pages Unsp 9  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract In this paper, we used a multi-technique approach in order to identify the arsenic sulfide pigment used in the decorative panels of the Japanese tower in Laeken, Belgium. Our attention was drawn to this particular pigment because of its relatively good conservation state, despite its known tendency to fade over time when exposed to light. The pigment was used with different painting techniques, bound with oil and urushi in the lacquers and with an aqueous binder in the mat relief panels. In the latter case it is always applied as an underlayer mixed with ultramarine blue. This quite unusual pigment mixture also shows a good state of preservation. In this study, the orpiment used for the Japanese tower has been identified as an amorphous arsenic sulfide glass (AsxSx) with the aid of light microscopy, PLM, SEM-EDX and Raman microscopy. The pigment features different degrees of As4S4 monomer units in its structure, also known as realgar-like nano-phases. This most likely indicates different synthesis processes as the formation of these As4S4 monomers is dependent of the quenching temperature (Tq) to which the artificial pigment is exposed during the preparation phase.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000356920400001 Publication Date 2015-02-25  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2050-7445 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited 17 Open Access  
  Notes ; We cordially thank Gunter Grundmann for his precious advice regarding PLM and arsenic sulfide glass. This research is made possible with the support of the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO) through the research program Science for a Sustainable Development – SDD, “Long-term role and fate of metal-sulfides in painted works of art – S2ART” (SD/RI/04A). ; Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:124904 Serial 5649  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Delaney, J.K.; Conover, D.M.; Dooley, K.A.; Glinsman, L.; Janssens, K.; Loew, M. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Integrated X-ray fluorescence and diffuse visible-to-near-infrared reflectance scanner for standoff elemental and molecular spectroscopic imaging of paints and works on paper Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2018 Publication Heritage science Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 6 Issue 6 Pages 31  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract Prior studies have shown the improved ability to identify artists' pigments by combining results from X-ray fluorescence (XRF), which provides elemental information, with reflectance spectroscopy in the visible to near infrared (400-1000 nm) that provides information on electronic transitions. Extending the spectral range of reflectance spectroscopy into the UV, 350-400 nm, allows identification of several white pigments since their electronic transitions occur in this region (e.g., zinc white and rutile and anatase forms of titanium white). Extending the range further into the infrared, out to 2500 nm, provides information on vibrational transitions of various functional groups, such as hydroxyl, carbonate, and methyl groups. This allows better identification of mineral-based pigments and some paint binders. The combination of elemental information with electronic and vibrational transitions provides a more robust method to identify artists' materials in situ. The collection of both sets of spectral information across works of art, such as paintings and works on paper, allows generating a more complete map of artists' materials. Here, we describe a 2-D scanner that simultaneously collects XRF spectra and reflectance spectra from 350 to 2500 nm across the surfaces of works of art. The scanner consists of a stationary, single pixel XRF spectrometer and fiber optic reflectance spectrometer along with a 2-D position-controlled easel that moves the artwork in front of the two detection systems. The dual-mode scanner has been tested on a variety of works of art from illuminated manuscripts (0.1 x 0.1 m(2)) to paintings as large as 1.7 x 1.9 m(2). The scanner is described and two sets of results are presented. The first is the XRF scanning of a large warped panel painting by Andrea del Sarto titled Charity. The second is a combined XRF and reflectance scan of Georges Seurat's painting titled Haymakers at Montfermeil. The XRF was collected at 1 mm spatial sampling and the reflectance spectral data at 3 mm. Combining the results from the data sets was found to enhance the identification of pigments as well as yield distribution maps, in spite of the relatively low reflectance spatial sampling. The elemental and reflectance maps allowed the identification and mapping of lead white, cobalt blue, viridian, ochres, and likely chrome yellow. The maps also provide information on the mixing of pigments. While the reflectance image cube has 10-20x larger spatial samples than desired, the elimination of having to use two hyperspectral cameras to cover the range from 400 to 2500 nm makes for a low cost dual modality scanner.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000433601900001 Publication Date 2018-05-18  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2050-7445 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited 7 Open Access  
  Notes ; The authors acknowledge funding from the National Science Foundation (Award 1041827). J.K.D. and D.M.C. acknowledge funding from the Andrew W. Mellon and Samuel H. Kress Foundations. The authors are grateful to David Martin and Dennis Murphy of SmartDrive Ltd., Gary Fager of Malvern PANalytical, and Gao Ning of XOS for advice. KJ acknowledges support from EU-InterReg project SmartLight and from GOA Project SolarPaint (University of Antwerp Research Council). ; Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:152039 Serial 5665  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Bull, D.; Krekeler, A.; Alfeld, M.; Dik, J.; Janssens, K. openurl 
  Title An intrusive portrait by Goya Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2011 Publication The Burlington magazine Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 153 Issue 1303 Pages 668-673  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0007-6287; 2044-9925 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes ; ; Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:93602 Serial 5672  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Dooley, K.A.; Gifford, E.M.; van Loon, A.; Noble, P.; Zeibel, J.G.; Conover, D.M.; Alfeld, M.; van der Snickt, G.; Legrand, S.; Janssens, K.; Dik, J.; Delaney, J.K. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Separating two painting campaigns in Saul and David, attributed to Rembrandt, using macroscale reflectance and XRF imaging spectroscopies and microscale paint analysis Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2018 Publication Heritage science Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 6 Issue 6 Pages 46  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract Late paintings of Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669) offer intriguing problems for both art historians and conservation scientists. In the research presented here, the key question addressed is whether observed stylistic differences in paint handling can be correlated with material differences. In Saul and David, in the collection of the Royal Picture Gallery Mauritshuis in The Hague, NL, the stylistic differences between the loose brushwork of Saul's cloak and the more detailed depiction of his turban and the figure of David have been associated with at least two painting stages since the late 1960s, but the attribution of each stage has been debated in the art historical literature. Stylistic evaluation of the paint handling in the two stages, based on magnified surface examination, is further described here. One of the research goals was to determine whether the stylistic differences could be further differentiated with macroscale and microscale methods of material analysis. To address this, selected areas of the painting having pronounced stylistic differences were investigated with two macroscopic chemical imaging methods, X-ray fluorescence and reflectance imaging spectroscopies. The pigments used were identified and their spatial distribution was mapped. The mapping results show that the passages rendered in more detail and associated stylistically with the first painting stage, such as the orange-red color of David's garment or the Greek key design in Saul's turban, were painted with predominately red ochre mixed with vermilion. The regions of loose, bold brushwork, such as the orange-red slashing strokes in the interior of Saul's cloak, associated with the second painting stage, were painted with predominately red ochre without vermilion. These macroscale imaging results were confirmed and extended with scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) analysis of three cross-sections taken from regions of stylistic differences associated with the two painting stages, including one sample each from the right and left sleeve of David, and one from the interior of Saul's cloak. SEM-EDX also identified a trace component, barium sulfate, associated with the red ochre of the second stage revisions. Combining mapping information from two spectroscopic imaging methods with localized information from microscopic samples has clearly shown that the stylistic differences observed in the paint handling are affiliated with differences in the chemical composition of the paints.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000441205600001 Publication Date 2018-08-02  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2050-7445 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited 3 Open Access  
  Notes ; The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support through the NWO Science4Arts program (ReVisRembrandt Project 2012-2018) and the NSF SCI-ART program (Award 1041827). JKD acknowledges support from the Andrew W. Mellon and the Samuel H. Kress Foundations. SL is grateful for a doctoral scholarship from the Research Council of the University of Antwerp. GvdS and KJ acknowledge support from the Fund Baillet Latour. ; Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:153119 Serial 5829  
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Author Van Hommes, M.E.; Lambour, R.; Du Mortier, B.M.; De Winkel, M.; Tauber, G.; Alfeld, M.; Janssens, K.; Dik, J. openurl 
  Title The hidden youth of Dirck Jacobsz leeuw : a portrait by Govert Flinck revealed Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2016 Publication The Rijksmuseum bulletin Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 4-61  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1877-8127 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes ; ; Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:133250 Serial 5873  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Cardinali, M.; De Ruggieri, M.B.; Leone, G.; Prohaska, W.; Alfeld, M.; Janssens, K. openurl 
  Title The rediscovered portrait of Prospero Farinacci by Caravaggio Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2016 Publication Artibus et historiae : an art anthology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue 73 Pages 249-284  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract Caravaggio's early production as a portrait painter is still the subject of research and a fount of enigmas. Despite the numerous citations in documents, only rarely have these been linked unequivocally to paintings known to date. This is also the case with the `portrait of Farinaccio criminalist painted on a head-size canvas believed to be by Michelangelo from Caravaggio', that was listed in the 1638 inventory of the Marquis Giustiniani and with `the speaker wearing a robe, painted by Caravaggio' on a head-size canvas, owned in 1652 by Caterina Campani, Onorio Longhi's wife. The present multidisciplinary research examines the rediscovery of the portrait of Prospero Farinacci by Caravaggio. The painting, undisclosed until now, hides an underlying female portrait. The authors investigate both compositions from a technical, iconographical and critical point of view, supporting Caravaggio's attribution. The technical researches allow cross-validation in the brushwork and materials of the picture, compared to Caravaggio's early painting technique and style. The portrait of Maffeo Barberini, recently re-ascribed to Caravaggio, shows a significant similarity, while the underlying woman of the retrieved painting closely resembles the gipsy of the Louvre Fortune Teller. In addition, a newly introduced and advanced imaging technique (MaXRF) has detected on the male portrait the feature of the lawyer's robe, which supports the identification with Prospero Farinacci. The intriguing topic of physiognomic accuracy versus stylizing tendency in Caravaggio's portraiture is considered with the aid of Giulio Mancini's observations. Besides, the possible interpretation of the underlying figure as a religious subject sheds a light on the obscure activity of the young Caravaggio in Lorenzo Carli's workshop, recently brought to scholars' attention by new documents and hypotheses.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0391-9064 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes ; ; Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:152697 Serial 5875  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Simonsen, K.P.; Poulsen, J.N.; Vanmeert, F.; Ryhl-Svendsen, M.; Bendix, J.; Sanyova, J.; Janssens, K.; Mederos-Henry, F. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Formation of zinc oxalate from zinc white in various oil binding media: the influence of atmospheric carbon dioxide by reaction with 13CO2 Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2020 Publication Heritage science Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages 126  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract The formation of metal oxalates in paintings has recently gained a great deal of interest within the field of heritage science as several types of oxalate compounds have been identified in oil paintings. The present work investigates the formation of metal oxalates in linseed oil in the presence of the artists' pigments zinc white, calcite, lead white, zinc yellow, chrome yellow, cadmium yellow, cobalt violet, and verdigris. The oil paint films were artificially photo-aged by exposure to UVA light at low and high relative humidity, and afterwards analysed by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The results showed that, compared to the other pigments investigated, zinc white is especially prone to metal oxalate formation and that high humidity is a crucial factor in this process. Consequently, the reactivity and photo-aging of ZnO in various oil binding media was investigated further under simulated solar radiation and at high relative humidity levels. ATR-FTIR showed that zinc oxalate is formed in all oil binding media while X-ray powder diffraction (PXRD) revealed it was mainly present in an amorphous state. To examine whether atmospheric CO2(g) has any influence on the formation of zinc oxalate, experiments with isotopically enriched (CO2(g))-C-13 were performed. Based on ATR-FTIR measurements, neither (ZnC2O4)-C-13 nor (ZnCO3)-C-13 were formed which suggests that the carbon source for the oxalate formation is most likely the paint itself (and its oil component) and not the surrounding atmosphere.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000596527000001 Publication Date 2020-12-07  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2050-7445 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.5 Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 2.5; 2020 IF: NA  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:174381 Serial 7979  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Beltran, V.; Marchetti, A.; Nuyts, G.; Leeuwestein, M.; Sandt, C.; Borondics, F.; De Wael, K. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Nanoscale analysis of historical paintings by means of O‐PTIR spectroscopy : the identification of the organic particles in L’Arlésienne (portrait of Madame Ginoux) by Van Gogh Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2021 Publication Angewandte Chemie-International Edition Abbreviated Journal Angew Chem Int Edit  
  Volume 60 Issue 42 Pages 22753-22760  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract Optical-photothermal infrared (O-PTIR) spectroscopy is a recently developed technique that provides spectra comparable to traditional transmission FTIR spectroscopy with nanometric spatial resolution. Hence, O-PTIR is a promising candidate for the analysis of historical paintings, as well as other cultural heritage objects, but its potential has not yet been evaluated.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000694015700001 Publication Date 2021-06-24  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1433-7851; 0570-0833 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 11.994 Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 11.994  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:179989 Serial 8291  
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Author Koldeweij, J.; Hoogstede, L.; Ilsink, M.; Janssens, K.; De Keyser, N.; Gotink, R.K.; Legrand, S.; Nauhaus, J.M.; van der Snickt, G.; Spronk, R. file  openurl
  Title The patron of Hieronymus Bosch's 'Last Judgment' triptych in Vienna Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2018 Publication The Burlington magazine Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 160 Issue 1379 Pages 106-111  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract A technical examination of the Last Judgment triptych by Hieronymus Bosch in the Paintings Gallery of the Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna, has revealed a painted escutcheon with the coat of arms of the Burgundian court official Hippolyte de Berthoz underneath the current surface of the right outer wing. This allows him to be firmly identified as the painting's patron.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000458246800007 Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0007-6287; 2044-9925 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:181267 Serial 8656  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Gonzalez, V.; Fazlic, I.; Cotte, M.; Vanmeert, F.; Gestels, A.; De Meyer, S.; Broers, F.; Hermans, J.; van Loon, A.; Janssens, K.; Noble, P.; Keune, K. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Lead(II) formate in Rembrandt's Night Watch : detection and distribution from the macro- to the micro-scale Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2023 Publication Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-9  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Art; Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS)  
  Abstract The Night Watch, painted in 1642 and on view in the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam, is considered Rembrandt's most famous work. X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) mapping at multiple length scales revealed the unusual presence of lead(II) formate, Pb(HCOO)(2), in several areas of the painting. Until now, this compound was never reported in historical oil paints. In order to get insights into this phenomenon, one possible chemical pathway was explored thanks to the preparation and micro-analysis of model oil paint media prepared by heating linseed oil and lead(II) oxide (PbO) drier as described in 17(th) century recipes. Synchrotron radiation based micro-XRPD (SR-mu-XRPD) and infrared microscopy were combined to identify and map at the micro-scale various neo-formed lead-based compounds in these model samples. Both lead(II) formate and lead(II) formate hydroxide Pb(HCOO)(OH) were detected and mapped, providing new clues regarding the reactivity of lead driers in oil matrices in historical paintings.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000920584500001 Publication Date 2023-01-02  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1433-7851; 0570-0833 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 16.6 Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 16.6; 2023 IF: 11.994  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:194279 Serial 7318  
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Author Deleu, N.; Hillen, M.; Steenackers, G.; Borms, G.; Janssens, K.; Van der Stighelen, K.; Van der Snickt, G. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Combined macro X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) and pulse phase thermography (PPT) imaging for the technical study of panel paintings Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2024 Publication Talanta : the international journal of pure and applied analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 270 Issue Pages 125533-11  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Art; Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES); Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS)  
  Abstract Museum staff usually relies on a proven combination of X-ray radiography (XRR) and infrared reflectography (IRR) to study paintings in a non-destructive manner. In the last decades, however, the research toolbox of heritage scientists has expanded considerably, with a prime example being macro X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF), producing element-specific images. The goal of this article is to illustrate the added value of augmenting MA-XRF with pulse phase thermography (PPT), a variant of active infrared thermographic imaging (IRT), which is an innovative diagnostic method that is able to reveal variations between or in materials, based on a different response to minor fluctuations in temperature when irradiated with optical radiation. By examining three 16thand 17th-century panel paintings we assess the extent in which combined MA-XRF and PPT contributes to a better understanding of two commonly encountered interventions to panel paintings: (a) Anstuckungen (enlargement of the panel) or (b) substitutions (replacement of part of the panel). Yielding information from different depths of the painting, these two techniques proved highly complementary with IRR and XRR, expanding the understanding of the build-up, genesis, and material history of the paintings. While MA-XRF documented the interventions to the wooden substrate indirectly by revealing variations in painting materials, paint handling and/ or layer sequence between the original part and the extended or replaced planks, PPT proved beneficial for the study of the wooden support itself, by providing a clear image of the wood structure quasi-free of distortion by the superimposed paint or cradling. XRR, on the other hand, revealed other features from the wood structure, not visible with PPT, and allowed looking through the wooden panels, revealing e.g. the dowels used for joining the planks. Additionally, IRR visualised dissimilarities in the underdrawings. In this way, the results indicate that PPT has the potential to become an acknowledged add-on to the expanding set of imaging methods for paintings, especially when used in combination with MA-XRF, IRR and XRR.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 001144098200001 Publication Date 2023-12-09  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0039-9140; 1873-3573 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record  
  Impact Factor 6.1 Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 6.1; 2024 IF: 4.162  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:203764 Serial 9193  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Finizola e Silva, M.; Van Passel, S. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Climate-Smart Agriculture in the Northeast of Brazil: An Integrated Assessment of the Aquaponics Technology Type A1 Journal Article
  Year 2020 Publication Sustainability Abbreviated Journal Sustainability-Basel  
  Volume 12 Issue 9 Pages 3734  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal Article; aquaponics; Aquaponova; Brazil; semi-arid region; food insecurity; cost–benefit analysis; socio-economic approach; climate-smart agriculture; Engineering Management (ENM) ;  
  Abstract The purpose of this study is to determine if aquaponic systems can reduce food insecurity in the semi-arid regions of Brazil and generate income for the beneficiaries. Aquaponics is a potentially sustainable way to produce food based on gardening, hydroponics and aquaculture. A case study, based on a project called Aquaponova, was developed. The aquaponic systems currently used in the project are non-commercial and designed for households with limited resources. The data based on six existing systems within this project were used to compare the costs and the benefits. The cost–benefit analysis covers four scenarios and three financing options. The results show that aquaponic systems have a large potential and can reduce food insecurity in semi-arid regions while generating income for the beneficiaries. Even if the system only produces 40% of the total estimated production, the system will still be feasible. However, the low opportunity cost of labour is an essential factor for obtaining these positive results. Moreover, the social benefits, such as a community spirit and the health benefits of the system, should not be underestimated.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000537476200232 Publication Date 2020-05-05  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2071-1050 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 3.9 Times cited Open Access  
  Notes We would like to express our gratitude to Francisco Fechine Borges who introduced Maíra Finizola e Silva the basics of aquaponics and gave her the opportunity to base her research on the data from the Aquaponova project. We would also like to thank the participants of the 2nd LA SDEWES conference in Buenos Aires (9–12 February 2020) for the useful comments and suggestions. Approved Most recent IF: 3.9; 2020 IF: 1.789  
  Call Number ENM @ enm @c:irua:170074 Serial 6382  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Monico, L.; Prati, S.; Sciutto, G.; Catelli, E.; Romani, A.; Balbas, D.Q.; Li, Z.; De Meyer, S.; Nuyts, G.; Janssens, K.; Cotte, M.; Garrevoet, J.; Falkenberg, G.; Tardillo Suarez, V.I.; Tucoulou, R.; Mazzeo, R. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Development of a multi-method analytical approach based on the combination of synchrotron radiation X-ray micro-analytical techniques and vibrational micro-spectroscopy methods to unveil the causes and mechanism of darkening of “fake-gilded” decorations in a Cimabue painting Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2022 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom  
  Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 114-129  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS)  
  Abstract Redox processes activated by environmental factors have been identified as the main cause of the chromatic alterations of a number of artists' pigments, including the yellow pigment orpiment (As2S3). Although a general comprehension of the mechanisms has been provided through characterization of degradation compounds of As2S3, experimental evidences to prove how other paint components and how different environmental agents influence the formation pathways of specific secondary compounds are still lacking. Thus, it becomes fundamental to develop a methodological strategy which enable achieving a discrimination among the causes affecting the chemical stability of more heterogenous As2S3-based paints and defining the mechanism through which the alteration establishes and evolves, with the ultimate goal of optimizing the preventive conservation measures of unique masterpieces. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive multi-material and multi-method approach based on the combination of synchrotron radiation X-ray micro-analytical techniques (i.e., X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy at S K-/Ag L-3-/As K-edges) and vibrational micro-spectroscopy methods to unveil the causes and mechanism of darkening of “fake-gilded” decorations in tempera paintings, originally consisting of an unusual mixture of As2S3 and metallic silver (Ag-0). Such degradation process is a not yet understood phenomenon threatening a series of Old Master paintings, including those by the Italian painters Cimabue and Pietro Lorenzetti. The high specificity, sensitivity and lateral resolution of the employed analytical methods allowed providing first-time evidence for the presence of black acanthite (alpha-Ag2S), mimetite [Pb-5(AsO4)(3)Cl] and syngenite [K2Ca(SO4)(2)center dot H2O] as degradation products of the “fake-gilded” decorations in the Maesta by Cimabue (Church of Santa Maria dei Servi, Bologna, Italy). Furthermore, the study of the painting combined with that of tempera paint mock-ups permitted to explore and define the environmental agents and internal factors causing the darkening, by proving that: (i) Ag-0 and moisture are key-factors for triggering the transformation of As2S3 to alpha-Ag2S and As-oxides; (ii) S2--ions arising from the degradation of As2S3 are the main responsible for the formation of alpha-Ag2S; (iii) light exposure strengthens the tendency of the paint components towards alteration. Based on our findings, we finally propose a degradation mechanism of As2S3/Ag-0-based tempera paints.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000722353400001 Publication Date 2021-11-18  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0267-9477 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 3.4 Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 3.4  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:184871 Serial 7142  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Allegretta, I.; Legrand, S.; Alfeld, M.; Gattullo, C.E.; Porfido, C.; Spagnuolo, M.; Janssens, K.; Terzano, R. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title SEM-EDX hyperspectral data analysis for the study of soil aggregates Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2022 Publication Geoderma: an international journal of soil science Abbreviated Journal Geoderma  
  Volume 406 Issue Pages  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS)  
  Abstract Scanning electron microscopy coupled with microanalysis (SEM-EDX) is an important analytical tool for the morphological and chemical characterization of different types of materials. In many applications, SEM-EDX elemental maps are usually used and processed as images, thus flattening and reducing the spectroscopic information contained in EDX hyperspectral data cubes. The exploitation of the full hyperspectral dataset could be indeed very useful for the study of complex matrices like soil. In order to maximize the information attainable by SEM-EDX data cubes analysis, the software package “Datamuncher Gamma” was implemented and applied to study soil aggregates. By using this approach, different phases (silicates, aluminosilicates, Ca-carbonates, Ca-phosphates, organic matter, iron oxides) inside soil aggregates were successfully identified and segmented. The advantages of this method over the common ROI imaging approach are presented. Finally, this method was used to compare different aggregates in a Cr-polluted soil and understand their possible pedological history. The present method can be used for the analysis of every type of SEM-EDX data cubes, allowing its application to different types of samples and fields of study.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000708893700026 Publication Date 2021-10-21  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0016-7061 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 6.1 Times cited Open Access Not_Open_Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 6.1  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:182493 Serial 7207  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Rossbach, L.M.; Brede, D.A.; Nuyts, G.; Cagno, S.; Olsson, R.M.S.; Oughton, D.H.; Falkenberg, G.; Janssens, K.; Lind, O.C. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Synchrotron XRF analysis identifies cerium accumulation colocalized with pharyngeal deformities in CeO₂ NP-exposed caenorhabditis elegans Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2022 Publication Environmental science and technology Abbreviated Journal Environ Sci Technol  
  Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 5081-5089  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS)  
  Abstract A combination of synchrotron radiation-based elementalimaging, in vivo redox status analysis, histology, and toxic responses was usedto investigate the uptake, biodistribution, and adverse effects of Cenanoparticles (CeO2NP; 10 nm; 0.5-34.96 mg Ce L-1) or Ce(NO3)3(2.3-26 mg Ce L-1)inCaenorhabditis elegans. Elemental mapping of theexposed nematodes revealed Ce uptake in the alimentary canal prior todepuration. Retention of CeO2NPs was low compared to that of Ce(NO3)3in depurated individuals. X-rayfluorescence (XRF) mapping showed that Cetranslocation was confined to the pharyngeal valve and foregut. Ce(NO3)3exposure significantly decreased growth, fertility, and reproduction, causedslightly reduced fecundity. XRF mapping and histological analysis revealedsevere tissue deformities colocalized with retained Ce surrounding thepharyngeal valve. Both forms of Ce activated the sod-1 antioxidant defense,particularly in the pharynx, whereas no significant effects on the cellular redox balance were identified. The CeO2NP-induceddeformities did not appear to impair the pharyngeal function or feeding ability as growth effects were restricted to Ce(NO3)3exposure. The results demonstrate the utility of integrated submicron-resolution SR-based XRF elemental mapping of tissue-specificdistribution and adverse effect analysis to obtain robust toxicological evaluations of metal-containing contaminants.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000793137500039 Publication Date 2022-04-04  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0013-936x; 1520-5851 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 11.4 Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 11.4  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:188662 Serial 7216  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Cotte, M.; Gonzalez, V.; Vanmeert, F.; Monico, L.; Dejoie, C.; Burghammer, M.; Huder, L.; de Nolf, W.; Fisher, S.; Fazlic, I.; Chauffeton, C.; Wallez, G.; Jimenez, N.; Albert-Tortosa, F.; Salvado, N.; Possenti, E.; Colombo, C.; Ghirardello, M.; Comelli, D.; Avranovich Clerici, E.; Vivani, R.; Romani, A.; Costantino, C.; Janssens, K.; Taniguchi, Y.; McCarthy, J.; Reichert, H.; Susini, J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title The “Historical Materials BAG” : a new facilitated access to synchrotron X-ray diffraction analyses for cultural heritage materials at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2022 Publication Molecules: a journal of synthetic chemistry and natural product chemistry Abbreviated Journal Molecules  
  Volume 27 Issue 6 Pages 1997-21  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS)  
  Abstract The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) has recently commissioned the new Extremely Brilliant Source (EBS). The gain in brightness as well as the continuous development of beamline instruments boosts the beamline performances, in particular in terms of accelerated data acquisition. This has motivated the development of new access modes as an alternative to standard proposals for access to beamtime, in particular via the “block allocation group” (BAG) mode. Here, we present the recently implemented “historical materials BAG”: a community proposal giving to 10 European institutes the opportunity for guaranteed beamtime at two X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) beamlines-ID13, for 2D high lateral resolution XRPD mapping, and ID22 for high angular resolution XRPD bulk analyses-with a particular focus on applications to cultural heritage. The capabilities offered by these instruments, the specific hardware and software developments to facilitate and speed-up data acquisition and data processing are detailed, and the first results from this new access are illustrated with recent applications to pigments, paintings, ceramics and wood.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000776369800001 Publication Date 2022-03-21  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1420-3049 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 4.6 Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 4.6  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:188053 Serial 7218  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Byrnes, I.; Rossbach, L.M.; Jaroszewicz, J.; Grolimund, D.; Sanchez, D.F.; Gomez-Gonzalez, M.A.; Nuyts, G.; Reinoso-Maset, E.; Janssens, K.; Salbu, B.; Brede, D.A.; Lind, O.C. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Synchrotron XRF and histological analyses identify damage to digestive tract of uranium NP-exposed Daphnia magna Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2023 Publication Environmental science and technology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages 1071-1079  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS)  
  Abstract Micro-and nanoscopic X-ray techniques were used to investigate the relationship between uranium (U) tissue distributions and adverse effects to the digestive tract of aquatic model organism Daphnia magna following uranium nanoparticle (UNP) exposure. X-ray absorption computed tomography measure-ments of intact daphnids exposed to sublethal concentrations of UNPs or a U reference solution (URef) showed adverse morphological changes to the midgut and the hepatic ceca. Histological analyses of exposed organisms revealed a high proportion of abnormal and irregularly shaped intestinal epithelial cells. Disruption of the hepatic ceca and midgut epithelial tissues implied digestive functions and intestinal barriers were compro-mised. Synchrotron-based micro X-ray fluorescence (XRF) elemental mapping identified U co-localized with morphological changes, with substantial accumulation of U in the lumen as well as in the epithelial tissues. Utilizing high-resolution nano-XRF, 400-1000 nm sized U particulates could be identified throughout the midgut and within hepatic ceca cells, coinciding with tissue damages. The results highlight disruption of intestinal function as an important mode of action of acute U toxicity in D. magna and that midgut epithelial cells as well as the hepatic ceca are key target organs.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000910915100001 Publication Date 2023-01-04  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0013-936x; 1520-5851 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 11.4 Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 11.4; 2023 IF: 6.198  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:193478 Serial 7342  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Broers, F.T.H.; Janssens, K.; Weker, J.N.; Webb, S.M.; Mehta, A.; Meirer, F.; Keune, K. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Two pathways for the degradation of orpiment pigment (As₂S₃) found in paintings Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2023 Publication Journal of the American Chemical Society Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 145 Issue 16 Pages 8847-8859  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS)  
  Abstract Paintings are complex objects containing many different chemical compounds that can react over time. The degradation of arsenic sulfide pigments causes optical changes in paintings. The main degradation product was thought to be white arsenolite (As2O3), but previous research also showed the abundant presence of As(V) species. In this study, we investigate the influence of the presence of a medium on the degradation mechanism of orpiment (As2S3) using synchrotron radiation (SR)-based tomographic transmission X-ray microscopy, SR-based micro-X-ray fluorescence, and Xray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy. Upon direct illumination of dry orpiment powder using UV-visible light, only the formation of As2O3 was observed. When As2S3 was surrounded by a medium and illuminated, As2O3 was only observed in the area directly exposed to light, while As(V) degradation species were found elsewhere in the medium. Without accelerated artificial light aging, As(V)(aq) species are formed and migrate throughout the medium within weeks after preparation. In both scenarios, the As(V) species form via intermediate As(III)(aq) species and the presence of a medium is necessary. As(V)(aq) species can react with available cations to form insoluble metal arsenates, which induces stress within the paint layers (leading to, e.g., cracks and delamination) or can lead to a visual change of the image of the painting.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000974346900001 Publication Date 2023-04-14  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0002-7863 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 15 Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 15; 2023 IF: 13.858  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:196762 Serial 8948  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Felipe Montiel, N.; Parrilla, M.; Beltrán, V.; Nuyts, G.; Van Durme, F.; De Wael, K. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title The opportunity of 6-monoacetylmorphine to selectively detect heroin at preanodized screen printed electrodes Type A1 Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication Talanta Abbreviated Journal Talanta  
  Volume Issue Pages 122005  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal Article; Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation (AXES) ;  
  Abstract The illicit consumption of heroin is an increasing concern in our society. For this reason, rapid analytical methods to seize heroin samples in the field are of paramount importance to hinder drug trafficking, and thus prevent the availability of heroin in the drug market. The present work reports on the enriched electrochemical fingerprint of heroin, allowing its selective detection in street samples, based on the use of electrochemical pretreated screen printed electrodes (p-SPE). The voltammetric identification is built on two oxidation peaks of both heroin and its degradation product 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM), generated in alkaline conditions. Interestingly, an anodic pretreatment of the screen printed electrodes (SPE) shifts the peak potential of paracetamol (the most encountered cutting agent in heroin seizures), allowing the detection of 6-MAM peak, overlapping with the paracetamol signal in the case of untreated SPE. Subsequently, the characterization of the p-SPE with scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is provided to demonstrate local changes on the surface of the electrode. From an analytical perspective, p-SPE provide higher sensitivity (0.019 μA μM-1), excellent reproducibility (6-MAM, RSD = 2.85%, and heroin RSD = 0.91%, n = 5) and lower limits of detection (LOD) (5.2 μM) in comparison to untreated SPE. The proposed protocol which integrates a tailor-made script is interrogated against common cutting agents, and finally, validated with the screening of 14 street samples, also analyzed by standard methods. Besides, a comparison with portable spectroscopic techniques on the confiscated samples shows the better performance of the electrochemical strategy. Overall, this sensing approach offers promising results for the rapid on-site profiling of suspicious heroin samples, also in the presence of paracetamol.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000656959000033 Publication Date 2021-01-20  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0039-9140 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 4.162 Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No 833787, BorderSens. The authors acknowledge financial support from the University of Antwerp (IOF). Approved Most recent IF: 4.162  
  Call Number AXES @ axes @c:irua:174844 Serial 6663  
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Author Iungin, O.; Shydlovska, O.; Moshynets, O.; Vasylenko, V.; Sidorenko, M.; Mickevicius, S.; Potters, G. doi  openurl
  Title Metal-based nanoparticles : an alternative treatment for biofilm infection in hard-to-heal wounds Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2024 Publication Journal of wound care Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 33 Issue s:[4A] Pages 99-110  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Antwerp engineering, PhotoElectroChemistry & Sensing (A-PECS)  
  Abstract Metal-based nanoparticles (MNPs) are promoted as effective compounds in the treatment of bacterial infections and as possible alternatives to antibiotics. These MNPs are known to affect a broad spectrum of microorganisms using a multitude of strategies, including the induction of reactive oxygen species and interaction with the inner structures of the bacterial cells. The aim of this review was to summarise the latest studies about the effect of metal-based nanoparticles on pathogenic bacterial biofilm formed in wounds, using the examples of Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as provide an overview of possible clinical applications. Declaration of interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 001208810700003 Publication Date 2024-04-08  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0969-0700 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record  
  Impact Factor 1.9 Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 1.9; 2024 IF: 1.446  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:205959 Serial 9159  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Wang, L.; Griffin, D.K.; Romanov, M.N.; Gielis, J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Comparison of two polar equations in describing the geometries of domestic pigeon (Columba livia domestica) eggs Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2024 Publication Poultry science Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 104196-104199  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Antwerp engineering, PhotoElectroChemistry & Sensing (A-PECS)  
  Abstract Two-dimensional (2D)egg-shape equa-tions are potent mathematical tools, facilitating the description of avian egg geometries in their applied mathematical modelling and poultry science implementations. In the present study, 2 distinct polar equations,namely the Carter-Morley-Jones equation (CMJE) and simplified Gielis equation(SGE), were used to fit the profile geometries of 415 domestic pigeon (Columba livia domestica) eggs based on nonlinear least squares regression methods.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date 2024-09-21  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0032-5791; 1525-3171 ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor 4.4 Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 4.4; 2024 IF: 1.908  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:208221 Serial 9279  
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Author Khan, S.U.; Matshitse, R.; Borah, R.; Nemakal, M.; Moiseeva, E.O.; Dubinina, T.V.; Nyokong, T.; Verbruggen, S.W.; De Wael, K. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Coupling of phthalocyanines with plasmonic gold nanoparticles by click chemistry for an enhanced singlet oxygen based photoelectrochemical sensing Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2024 Publication ChemElectroChem Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-11  
  Keywords (down) A1 Journal article; Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab); Antwerp engineering, PhotoElectroChemistry & Sensing (A-PECS)  
  Abstract Coupling photosensitizers (PSs) with plasmonic nanoparticles increases the photocatalytic activity of PSs as the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of plasmonic nanoparticles leads to extreme concentration of light in their vicinity known as the near-field enhancement effect. To realize this in a colloidal phase, efficient conjugation of the PS molecules with the plasmonic nanoparticle surface is critical. In this work, we demonstrate the coupling of phthalocyanine (Pc) molecules with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the colloidal phase via click chemistry. This conjugated Pc-AuNPs colloidal system is shown to enhance the photocatalytic singlet oxygen (1O2) production over non-conjugated Pcs and hence improve the photoelectrochemical detection of phenols. The plasmonic enhancement of the 1O2 generation by Pcs was clearly elucidated by complementary experimental and computational classical electromagnetic models. The dependence of plasmonic enhancement on the spectral position of the excitation laser wavelength and the absorbance of the Pc molecules with respect to the wavelength specific near-field enhancement is clearly demonstrated. A high similar to 8 times enhancement is obtained with green laser (532 nm) at the LSPR due to the maximum near-field enhancement at the resonance wavelength. Zinc phthalocyanine is covalently linked to plasmonic AuNPs via click chemistry to investigate the synergistic effect that boosts the overall activity toward the detection of HQ under visible light illumination. The 1O2 quantum yield of ZnPc improved significantly after conjugating with AuNPs, resulting in enhanced photoelectrochemical activity. image  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 001214481000001 Publication Date 2024-05-02  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2196-0216 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record  
  Impact Factor 4 Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 4; 2024 IF: 4.136  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:205962 Serial 9142  
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