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Records |
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Author |
Kirchner, E.; van der Lans, I.; Ligterink, F.; Geldof, M.; Gaibor, A.N.P.; Hendriks, E.; Janssens, K.; Delaney, J. |
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Title |
Digitally reconstructing Van Gogh's Field with Irises near Arles. Part 2: Pigment concentration maps |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Color research and application |
Abbreviated Journal |
Color Res Appl |
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| |
Volume |
43 |
Issue  |
2 |
Pages |
158-176 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Colors in many paintings of great art historical value have changed over time, due to the combined effects of natural ageing, accumulated surface grime, and materials added during later conservation treatments. The physical restoration of the colors in such paintings is not possible. This article describes one part of work done to digitally restore the colors of Van Gogh's painting Field with Irises near Arles, dating from May 1888. We have used multispectral reflectance data to estimate absorption K and backscattering S parameters of Kubelka-Munk 2-constant theory. This was done for all 13 pigments known to have been used by Van Gogh in this painting, and based on this the concentration maps for each of these pigments were calculated. We validated the calculated concentration maps in several ways. For some pigments, we were able to predict spots on the painting where the pigment is expected to occur in unmixed form based on visual examination. For several other pigments, the concentration maps could be shown to agree with XRF data. Finally, for some other pigments the concentration maps were supported by additional evidence from microscopic examinations, remarks in Van Gogh's letters and from early color reproductions. For the 1.7 million pixels for which multispectral data is available, the average color difference between the calculated and measured spectral reflectance curves is CIEDE2000 = 1.05. This further confirms that the Kubelka-Munk calculations are well suited to describe the variety of spectral reflectance on the painting. |
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Wos |
000424763100003 |
Publication Date |
2017-08-25 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0361-2317 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
0.798 |
Times cited |
4 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Grant/Award Number: 323.54.004; GOA project SolarPaint of the University of Antwerp Research Council and from the Fund Baillet Latour (Brussels) ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 0.798 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:149231 |
Serial |
5576 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Storms, H.M.; Janssens, K.H.; Török, S.B.; Van Grieken, R.E. |
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Title |
Evaluation of the ArmstrongBuseck correction for automated electron probe X-ray microanalysis of particles |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
1989 |
Publication |
X-ray spectrometry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
18 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
45-52 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
The ArmstrongBuseck correction for absorption effects in electron probe x-ray microanalysis of particles considers seven specific particle shapes, and for these geometries exact correction equations are used. This procedure implies that the analyst has to associate the particle to be analysed with a certain particle type; an arbitrary relative thickness is sometimes assumed. A theoretical study was made of this absorption correction as a function of the particle composition, type and thickness for micrometre-sized particles. It appears that a correct choice of the particle type is critical. However, when the analytical results are normalized to 100%, the differences between the models are much less pronounced, and it is justified to assume a spherical model in all cases. |
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Wos |
A1989U261400001 |
Publication Date |
2005-05-28 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0049-8246 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116489 |
Serial |
5616 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
van der Snickt, G.; Janssens, K.; Schalm, O.; Aibéo, C.; Kloust, H.; Alfeld, M. |
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Title |
James Ensor's pigment use: artistic and material evolution studied by means of portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
X-ray spectrometry |
Abbreviated Journal |
X-Ray Spectrom |
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Volume |
39 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
103-111 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
In this paper, portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (PXRF) was employed as a screening tool for determining and comparing the pigment use in a large series of paintings by the Belgian artist James Ensor (1860-1949). Benefits and drawbacks of PXRF as a method, and the instrument employed, are discussed from a practical, conservation and instrumental perspective. Regardless of several restrictions due to the set-up and/or the analytical method, it appeared feasible to document the evolution with time in Ensor's use of inorganic pigments and to correlate this technical evolution with stylistic developments, Nevertheless, it became clear that a full identification of all materials present can only be done by means of the analysis of (cross-sectioned) samples. |
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Wos |
000275959400006 |
Publication Date |
2009-12-15 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0049-8246 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
1.298 |
Times cited |
25 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; This research was supported by the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme – Belgian Science Policy (IUAP VI/16). The staff of the different museums and private institutions is acknowledged for rendering their assistance to this research, i.e. by making all paintings available for analysis and authorising the publication of the images in this article. Therefore, a word of gratitude to Paul Huvenne, Yolande Deckers, Herwig Todts, Stef Antonissen, Gwen Borms and Lizet Klaassen of the Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten Antwerpen (KMSKA), Luuk Van der Loeff of the Kroller-Muller Museum in Otterlo and Mireille Engel, Barbara De Jong of the Musea aan Zee (MuZee), Patricia Jaspers of the Dexia bank, Hildegard Van de Velde of the KBC bank and Frederik Leen of the Koninklijke Musea voor Schone Kunsten van Belgie (KMSKB). Special thanks to Xavier Tricot and the other members of the Ensor committee for their valuable feedback. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 1.298; 2010 IF: 1.661 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:82324 |
Serial |
5680 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Cagno, S.; Hellemans, K.; Lind, O.C.; Skipperud, L.; Janssens, K.; Salbu, B. |
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Title |
LA-ICP-MS for Pu source identification at Mayak PA, the Urals, Russia |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Environmental science : processes & impacts |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environ Sci-Proc Imp |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
306-312 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Information on Pu in environmental samples is traditionally based on the determination of the 240+239PU activity via Alpha Spectrometry (AS). A large number of alpha spectrometry sources (planchettes) containing radiochemically separated Pu are therefore stored worldwide and are available for further analyses. These archive samples represent a resource from which valuable information on isotopic composition of alpha emitters including Pu can be obtained. The relative abundances of Pu isotopes can be used to trace specific Pu sources and characterize the relative contributions of different Pu sources in a sample. Thus, in addition to the total 239+240PU activity, determination of the Pu-240/Pu-239 ratio can provide valuable information on the nature of the Pu emitting sources. The Pu isotopic ratios can be determined by mass spectrometry techniques such as Sector Field Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (SF-ICPMS) or Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) that require dissolution and complete destruction of the material deposited on the planchettes. In this study Laser Ablation (LA)-quadrupole-ICP-MS has been employed for the analysis of Pu-239/Pu-240 ratios from alpha-planchettes prepared from samples originating from the Mayak PA nuclear facility, Russia. The results are compared with data from AMS and show that the Pu-240/Pu-239 ratios obtained by LA-ICP-MS can be utilized to distinguish weapons-grade Pu from civil reprocessing sources. Moreover, isotope ratio mapping can also be performed across the planchettes, allowing e.g. the visualization of possible inhomogeneities in the Pu-isotope distribution on their surface. Thus, this solid sample technique can be applied to extract additional information from existing archives of samples. |
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Wos |
000331504100015 |
Publication Date |
2013-12-09 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2050-7887; 2050-7895 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
2.592 |
Times cited |
10 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; This work was supported by the Research Council of Norway through its Centres of Excellence funding scheme, project number 223268/F50, and the Hercules fund, Brussels (grant A11/0387). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.592; 2014 IF: 2.171 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:115791 |
Serial |
5684 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Janssens, K.; Adams, F. |
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Title |
Microscopic X-ray fluorescence analysis at second and third generation synchrotron sources |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Debye Institute synchrotron chronicle |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
2 |
Pages |
9-14 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:18303 |
Serial |
5727 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Salbu, B.; Janssens, K.; Lind, O.C.; Proost, K.; Gijsels, L.; Danesi, P.R. |
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Title |
Oxidation states of uranium in depleted uranium particles from Kuwait |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Journal of environmental radioactivity |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Environ Radioactiv |
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Volume |
78 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
125-135 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
The oxidation states of uranium in depleted uranium (DU) particles were determined by synchrotron radiation based mu-XANES, applied to individual particles isolated from selected samples collected at different sites in Kuwait. Based on scanning electron microscopy with X-ray microanalysis prior to mu-XANES, DU particles ranging from sub-microns to several hundred micrometers were observed. The.median particle size depended on sources and sampling sites; small-sized particles (median 13 mum) were identified in swipes taken from the inside of DU penetrators holes in tanks and in sandy soil collected below DU penetrators, while larger particles (median 44 mum) were associated with fire in a DU ammunition storage facility. Furthermore, the U-236/U-235 ratios obtained from accelerator mass spectrometry demonstrated that uranium in the DU particles originated from reprocessed fuel (about 10(-2) in DU from the ammunition facility, about 10(-3) for DU in swipes). Compared to well-defined standards, all investigated DU particles were oxidized. Uranium particles collected from swipes were characterized as UO2, U3O8 or a mixture of these oxidized forms, similar to that observed in DU affected areas in Kosovo. Uranium particles formed during fire in the DU ammunition facility were, however, present as oxidation state +5 and +6, with XANES spectra similar to solid uranyl standards. Environmental or health impact assessments for areas affected by DU munitions should therefore take into account the presence of respiratory UO2, U3O8 and even UO3 particles, their corresponding weathering rates and the subsequent mobilisation of U from oxidized DU particles. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0265-931x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
2.31 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.31; 2004 IF: 1.188 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:49012 |
Serial |
5765 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Janssens, K.; Dorrine, W.; van Espen, P. |
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Title |
The development process of an expert system for the automated interpretation of large epma data sets |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Chemometrics and intelligent laboratory systems |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
4 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
147-161 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3) |
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Abstract |
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Wos |
A1988Q148500007 |
Publication Date |
2002-07-25 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0169-7439 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:149775 |
Serial |
5872 |
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Author |
Byrnes, I.; Rossbach, L.M.; Jaroszewicz, J.; Grolimund, D.; Sanchez, D.F.; Gomez-Gonzalez, M.A.; Nuyts, G.; Reinoso-Maset, E.; Janssens, K.; Salbu, B.; Brede, D.A.; Lind, O.C. |
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Title |
Synchrotron XRF and histological analyses identify damage to digestive tract of uranium NP-exposed Daphnia magna |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Environmental science and technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
57 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
1071-1079 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS) |
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Abstract |
Micro-and nanoscopic X-ray techniques were used to investigate the relationship between uranium (U) tissue distributions and adverse effects to the digestive tract of aquatic model organism Daphnia magna following uranium nanoparticle (UNP) exposure. X-ray absorption computed tomography measure-ments of intact daphnids exposed to sublethal concentrations of UNPs or a U reference solution (URef) showed adverse morphological changes to the midgut and the hepatic ceca. Histological analyses of exposed organisms revealed a high proportion of abnormal and irregularly shaped intestinal epithelial cells. Disruption of the hepatic ceca and midgut epithelial tissues implied digestive functions and intestinal barriers were compro-mised. Synchrotron-based micro X-ray fluorescence (XRF) elemental mapping identified U co-localized with morphological changes, with substantial accumulation of U in the lumen as well as in the epithelial tissues. Utilizing high-resolution nano-XRF, 400-1000 nm sized U particulates could be identified throughout the midgut and within hepatic ceca cells, coinciding with tissue damages. The results highlight disruption of intestinal function as an important mode of action of acute U toxicity in D. magna and that midgut epithelial cells as well as the hepatic ceca are key target organs. |
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Wos |
000910915100001 |
Publication Date |
2023-01-04 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0013-936x; 1520-5851 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
11.4 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 11.4; 2023 IF: 6.198 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:193478 |
Serial |
7342 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Terzano, R.; Spagnuolo, M.; Vekemans, B.; de Nolf, W.; Janssens, K.; Falkenberg, G.; Ruggiero, P. |
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Title |
Assessing the origin and fate of CR, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ph, and V in industrial polluted soil by combined microspectroscopic techniques and bulk extraction methods |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Environmental science & technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
41 |
Issue |
19 |
Pages |
6762-6769 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
000249840600024 |
Publication Date |
2007-08-29 |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
61 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:66622 |
Serial |
5481 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Anaf, W.; Trashin, S.; Schalm, O.; van Dorp, D.; Janssens, K.; De Wael, K. |
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Title |
Electrochemical photodegradation study of semiconductor pigments : influence of environmental parameters |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
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Volume |
86 |
Issue |
19 |
Pages |
9742-9748 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES) |
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Abstract |
Chemical transformations in paintings often induce discolorations, disturbing the appearance of the image. For an appropriate conservation of such valuable and irreplaceable heritage objects, it is important to have a good know-how on the degradation processes of the (historical) materials: which pigments have been discolored, what are the responsible processes, and which (environmental) conditions have the highest impact on the pigment degradation and should be mitigated. Pigment degradation is already widely studied, either by analyzing historical samples or by accelerated weathering experiments on dummies. However, in historic samples several processes may have taken place, increasing the complexity of the current state, while aging experiments are time-consuming due to the often extended aging period. An alternative method is proposed for a fast monitoring of degradation processes of semiconductor pigments, using an electrochemical setup mimicking the real environment and allowing the identification of harmful environmental parameters for each pigment. Examples are given for the pigments cadmium yellow (CdS) and vermilion (α-HgS). |
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Corporate Author |
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Wos |
000343017100058 |
Publication Date |
2014-08-27 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0003-2700; 5206-882x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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| |
Impact Factor |
6.32 |
Times cited |
18 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.32; 2014 IF: 5.636 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:118834 |
Serial |
5593 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Kukhlevsky, S.V.; Mechler, M.; Csapo, L.; Janssens, K.; Samek, O. |
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Title |
Enhanced transmission versus localization of a light pulse by a subwavelength metal slit |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys Rev B |
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Volume |
70 |
Issue |
19 |
Pages |
195428,1-9 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
000225477800152 |
Publication Date |
2004-11-19 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1098-0121; 1550-235x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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| |
Impact Factor |
3.836 |
Times cited |
17 |
Open Access |
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|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.836; 2004 IF: 3.075 |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:50849 |
Serial |
5604 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
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Author |
Kempenaers, L.; Janssens, K.; Vincze, L.; Vekemans, B.; Somogyi, A.; Drakopoulos, M.; Simionovici, A.S.; Adams, F. |
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| |
Title |
A Monte Carlo model for studying the microheterogeneity of trace elements in reference materials by means of synchrotron microscopic X-ray fluorescence |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
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| |
Volume |
74 |
Issue |
19 |
Pages |
5017-5026 |
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| |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| |
Language |
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Wos |
000178418100031 |
Publication Date |
2002-09-30 |
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| |
Series Editor |
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Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0003-2700; 5206-882x |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
| |
Impact Factor |
6.32 |
Times cited |
21 |
Open Access |
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|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.32; 2002 IF: 5.094 |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:39871 |
Serial |
5734 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
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Author |
van der Snickt, G.; Dubois, H.; Sanyova, J.; Legrand, S.; Coudray, A.; Glaude, C.; Postec, M.; van Espen, P.; Janssens, K. |
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| |
Title |
Large-area elemental imaging reveals Van Eyck's original paint layers on the Ghent altarpiece (1432), rescoping its conservation treatment |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English |
Abbreviated Journal |
Angew Chem Int Edit |
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| |
Volume |
56 |
Issue |
17 |
Pages |
4797-4801 |
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| |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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| |
Abstract |
A combination of large-scale and micro-scale elemental imaging, yielding elemental distribution maps obtained by, respectively non-invasive macroscopic X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) and by secondary electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX) and synchrotron radiation-based micro-XRF (SR m-XRF) imaging was employed to reorient and optimize the conservation strategy of van Eyck's renowned Ghent Altarpiece. By exploiting the penetrative properties of X-rays together with the elemental specificity offered by XRF, it was possible to visualize the original paint layers by van Eyck hidden below the overpainted surface and to simultaneously assess their condition. The distribution of the high-energy Pb-L and Hg-L emission lines revealed the exact location of hidden paint losses, while Fe-K maps demonstrated how and where these lacunae were filled-up using an iron-containing material. The chemical maps nourished the scholarly debate on the overpaint removal with objective, chemical arguments, leading to the decision to remove all skillfully applied overpaints, hitherto interpreted as work by van Eyck. MA-XRF was also employed for monitoring the removal of the overpaint during the treatment phase. To gather complementary information on the in-depth layer build-up, SEM-EDX and SR mu-XRF imaging was used on paint cross sections to record microscale elemental maps. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000398576000019 |
Publication Date |
2017-03-23 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
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| |
ISSN |
1433-7851; 0570-0833 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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| |
Impact Factor |
11.994 |
Times cited |
11 |
Open Access |
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| |
Notes |
; This research was supported by the Baillet Latour fund, the Belgian Science Policy Office (Projects MO/39/011) and the Gieskes-Strijbis fund. The authors are also indebted to the BOF-GOA SOLAR Paint project of the University of Antwerp Research Council. The church wardens of the cathedral of St. Bavo and their chairman L. Collin are acknowledged for this agreeable collaboration. We also wish to thank conservators L. Depuydt, B. De Volder, F. Rosier, N. Laquiere and G. Steyaert as well as the members of the international committee. We are indebted to Prof. Em. A. Van Grevenstein-Kruse. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 11.994 |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:142376 |
Serial |
5688 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Tadić, M.; Peeters, F.M.; Janssens, K.L. |
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| |
Title |
Effect of isotropic versus anisotropic elasticity on the electronic structure of cylindrical InP/In0.49Ga0.51P self-assembled quantum dots |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys Rev B |
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| |
Volume |
65 |
Issue |
16 |
Pages |
165333-13 |
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| |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT) |
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| |
Abstract |
The electronic structure of disk-shaped InP/InGaP self-assembled quantum dots is calculated within the effective-mass theory. The strain-dependent 6x6 multiband Hamiltonian for the valence band is simplified into an axially symmetric form. Both the continuum mechanical model, discretized by finite elements, and the isotropic model are used to calculate the strain distribution and their results are critically compared. The dependence of the electron and the hole energy levels on the dimensions of the quantum dot is investigated. We found that both the electron and hole energies are underestimated if the strain distribution is calculated by the isotropic elasticity theory. The agreement between the electron energies for the two approaches is better for thinner quantum dots. The heavy holes are confined inside the quantum dot, while the light holes are located outside the disk, but confined by the strain field near the edge of the disk periphery. We found that the (h) over bar /2 hole ground state crosses the 3 (h) over bar /2 ground state when the height of the quantum dot increases and becomes the ground state for sufficiently thick quantum disks. The higher hole levels exhibit both crossings between the states of the different parity and anticrossings between the states of the same parity. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000175325000097 |
Publication Date |
2002-07-27 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
|
Edition |
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| |
ISSN |
0163-1829;1095-3795; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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| |
Impact Factor |
3.836 |
Times cited |
72 |
Open Access |
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| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.836; 2002 IF: NA |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:103361 |
Serial |
819 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Terzano, R.; Spagnuolo, M.; Medici, L.; Vekemans, B.; Vincze, L.; Janssens, K.; Ruggiero, P. |
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Title |
Copper stabilization by zeolite synthesis in polluted soils treated with coal fly ash |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Environmental science and technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environ Sci Technol |
|
| |
Volume |
39 |
Issue |
16 |
Pages |
6280-6287 |
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| |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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| |
Abstract |
This study deals with the process of zeolite formation in an agricultural soil artificially polluted by high amounts of Cu (15 mg of Cu/g of soil dry weight) and treated with fused coal fly ash at 30 and 60 degrees C and how this process affects the mobility and availability of the metal. As a consequence of the treatment, the amount of dissolved Cu, and thus its mobility, was strongly reduced, and the percentage of the metal stabilized in the solid phase increased over time, reaching values of 30% at 30 degrees C and 40% at 60 degrees C. The physicochemical phenomena responsible for Cu stabilization in the solid phase have been evaluated by EDTA sequential extractions and synchrotron radiation based X-ray microanalytical techniques. These techniques were used for the visualization of the spatial distribution and the speciation of Cu in and/or on the neo-formed zeolite particles. In particular, micro XRF (X-ray fluorescence) tomography showed direct evidence that Cu can be entrapped as clusters inside the porous zeolitic structures while,mu-XANES (X-ray absorption near edge structure) spectroscopy determinations revealed Cu to be present mainly as Cu(II) hydroxide and Cu(II) oxide. The reported results could be useful as a basic knowledge for planning new technologies for the on site physicochemical stabilization of heavy metals in heavily polluted soils. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000231203100053 |
Publication Date |
2005-08-11 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| |
ISSN |
0013-936x; 1520-5851 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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| |
Impact Factor |
6.198 |
Times cited |
39 |
Open Access |
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| |
Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.198; 2005 IF: 4.054 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:103658 |
Serial |
5560 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Alvarez-Martin, A.; Cleland, T.P.; Kavich, G.M.; Janssens, K.; Newsome, G.A. |
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Title |
Rapid evaluation of the debromination mechanism of eosin in oil paint by direct analysis in real time and direct infusion-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
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| |
Volume |
91 |
Issue |
16 |
Pages |
10856-10863 |
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| |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Eosin is a synthetic organic colorant prone to fading under the influence of light. On the basis of the growing interest in the understanding of the discoloration mechanism of eosin-based lakes, this study compares the ability of two ultrafast and ultrasensitive mass spectrometry techniques to detect eosin derivatives in complex matrices, such as oil media without the use of conventional separation columns or additional sample preparation protocols. Direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) and direct infusion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DI-ESI-MS) were used to characterize the degradation pathway of eosin in oil media. The analysis protocols developed in this study are applied to discern the degradation mechanism of the lake pigment eosin (comprising the molecule per se complexed to an inorganic substrate) dispersed in linseed oil to create an oil paint. The analysis of oil paints by high resolution MS without an extraction methodology that modifies the system chemistry allowed us to identify the degradation forms without causing any additional fragmentation. Both techniques revealed the primary photodegradation pathway of eosin in linseed oil, and DI-ESI-MS provided additional information on the native conformation of the lake. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000482545300069 |
Publication Date |
2019-07-30 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
|
Edition |
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| |
ISSN |
0003-2700; 5206-882x |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
| |
Impact Factor |
6.32 |
Times cited |
3 |
Open Access |
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| |
Notes |
; The authors would like to acknowledge the SolarPaint project (GOA program, Antwerp University Research Council) and Smithsonian Institution for financial support. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.32 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:162879 |
Serial |
5800 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Kukhlevsky, S.V.; Mechler, M.; Csapó, L.; Janssens, K.; Samek, O. |
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Title |
Resonant backward scattering of light by a subwavelength metallic slit with two open sides |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys Rev B |
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| |
Volume |
72 |
Issue |
16 |
Pages |
165421,1-165421,7 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
The backward scattering of TM-polarized light by a two-side-open subwavelength slit in a metal film is analyzed. We show that the reflection coefficient versus wavelength possesses a Fabry-Perot-like dependence that is similar to the anomalous behavior of transmission reported in the study [Y. Takakura, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5601 (2001)]. The open slit totally reflects the light at the near-to-resonance wavelengths. In addition, we show that the interference of incident and resonantly backward-scattered light produces in the near-field diffraction zone a spatially localized wave whose intensity is 10103 times greater than the incident wave, but one order of magnitude smaller than the intracavity intensity. The amplitude and phase of the resonant wave at the slit entrance and exit are different from that of a Fabry-Perot cavity. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000232934900123 |
Publication Date |
2005-10-21 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| |
ISSN |
1098-0121; 1550-235x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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| |
Impact Factor |
3.836 |
Times cited |
7 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.836; 2005 IF: 3.185 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:71385 |
Serial |
5815 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Dik, J.; Janssens, K.; van der Snickt, G.; van der Loeff, L.; Rickers, K.; Cotte, M. |
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Title |
Visualization of a lost painting by Vincent van Gogh using synchrotron radiation based X-ray fluorescence elemental mapping |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
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| |
Volume |
80 |
Issue |
16 |
Pages |
6436-6442 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Vincent van Gogh (1853−1890), one of the founding fathers of modern painting, is best known for his vivid colors, his vibrant painting style, and his short but highly productive career. His productivity is even higher than generally realized, as many of his known paintings cover a previous composition. This is thought to be the case in one-third of his early period paintings. Van Gogh would often reuse the canvas of an abandoned painting and paint a new or modified composition on top. These hidden paintings offer a unique and intimate insight into the genesis of his works. Yet, current museum-based imaging tools are unable to properly visualize many of these hidden images. We present the first-time use of synchrotron radiation based X-ray fluorescence mapping, applied to visualize a womans head hidden under the work Patch of Grass by Van Gogh. We recorded decimeter-scale, X-ray fluorescence intensity maps, reflecting the distribution of specific elements in the paint layers. In doing so we succeeded in visualizing the hidden face with unprecedented detail. In particular, the distribution of Hg and Sb in the red and light tones, respectively, enabled an approximate color reconstruction of the flesh tones. This reconstruction proved to be the missing link for the comparison of the hidden face with Van Goghs known paintings. Our approach literally opens up new vistas in the nondestructive study of hidden paint layers, which applies to the oeuvre of Van Gogh in particular and to old master paintings in general. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000258448100039 |
Publication Date |
2008-07-29 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0003-2700; 5206-882x |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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| |
Impact Factor |
6.32 |
Times cited |
178 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.32; 2008 IF: 5.712 |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:74466 |
Serial |
5906 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Al-Emam, E.; Beltran, V.; De Meyer, S.; Nuyts, G.; Wetemans, V.; De Wael, K.; Caen, J.; Janssens, K. |
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Title |
Removal of a past varnish treatment from a 19th-century Belgian wall painting by means of a solvent-loaded double network hydrogel |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Polymers |
Abbreviated Journal |
Polymers-Basel |
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Volume |
13 |
Issue |
16 |
Pages |
2651-20 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES); Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab); Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS) |
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Abstract |
Polymeric materials have been used by painting conservator-restorers as consolidants and/or varnishes for wall paintings. The application of these materials is carried out when confronting loose paint layers or as a protective coating. However, these materials deteriorate and cause physiochemical alterations to the treated surface. In the past, the monumental neo-gothic wall painting 'The Last Judgment' in the chapel of Sint-Jan Berchmanscollege in Antwerp, Belgium was treated with a synthetic polymeric material. This varnish deteriorated significantly and turned brown, obscuring the paint layers. Given also that the varnish was applied to some parts of the wall painting and did not cover the entire surface, it was necessary to remove it in order to restore the original appearance of the wall painting. Previous attempts carried out by conservator-restorers made use of traditional cleaning methods, which led to damage of the fragile paint layers. Therefore, gel cleaning was proposed as a less invasive and more controllable method for gently softening and removing the varnish. The work started by identifying the paint stratigraphy and the deteriorated varnish via optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. A polyvinyl alcohol-borax/agarose (PVA-B/AG) hydrogel loaded with a number of solvents/solvent mixtures was employed in a series of tests to select the most suitable hydrogel composite. By means of the hydrogel composite loaded with 10% propylene carbonate, it was possible to safely remove the brown varnish layer. The results were verified by visual examinations (under visible light 'VIS' and ultraviolet light 'UV') as well as OM and FTIR spectroscopy. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000690248000001 |
Publication Date |
2021-08-10 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2073-4360 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.364 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.364 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:181567 |
Serial |
8470 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Avranovich Clerici, E.; De Meyer, S.; Vanmeert, F.; Legrand, S.; Monico, L.; Miliani, C.; Janssens, K. |
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Title |
Multi-scale X-ray imaging of the pigment discoloration processes triggered by chlorine compounds in the Upper Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Molecules: a journal of synthetic chemistry and natural product chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
28 |
Issue |
16 |
Pages |
6106-6123 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS) |
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Abstract |
In this paper, the chromatic alteration of various types of paints, present on mural painting fragments derived from the vaults of The Upper Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi in Italy (12th-13th century), is studied using synchrotron radiation. Six painted mural fragments, several square centimeters in size, were available for analysis, originating from the ceiling paintings attributed to Cimabue and Giotto; they correspond to originally white, blue/green, and brown/yellow/orange areas showing discoloration. As well as collecting macroscopic X-ray fluorescence and diffraction maps from the entire fragments in the laboratory and at the SOLEIL synchrotron, corresponding paint cross-sections were also analyzed using microscopic X-ray fluorescence and powder diffraction mapping at the PETRA-III synchrotron. Numerous secondary products were observed on the painted surfaces, such as (a) copper tri-hydroxychloride in green/blue areas; (b) corderoite and calomel in vermillion red/cinnabar-rich paints; (c) plattnerite and/or scrutinyite assumed to be oxidation products of (hydro)cerussite (2PbCO(3)center dot Pb(OH)(2)) in the white areas, and (d) the calcium oxalates whewellite and weddellite. An extensive presence of chlorinated metal salts points to the central role of chlorine-containing compounds during the degradation of the 800-year-old paint, leading to, among other things, the formation of the rare mineral cumengeite (21PbCl(2)center dot 20Cu(OH) (2) center dot 6H(2)O). |
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Corporate Author |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
001056388600001 |
Publication Date |
2023-08-17 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| |
ISSN |
1420-3049 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record |
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Impact Factor |
4.6 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.6; 2023 IF: 2.861 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:199265 |
Serial |
8902 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Broers, F.T.H.; Janssens, K.; Weker, J.N.; Webb, S.M.; Mehta, A.; Meirer, F.; Keune, K. |
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Title |
Two pathways for the degradation of orpiment pigment (As₂S₃) found in paintings |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Journal of the American Chemical Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
145 |
Issue |
16 |
Pages |
8847-8859 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS) |
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Abstract |
Paintings are complex objects containing many different chemical compounds that can react over time. The degradation of arsenic sulfide pigments causes optical changes in paintings. The main degradation product was thought to be white arsenolite (As2O3), but previous research also showed the abundant presence of As(V) species. In this study, we investigate the influence of the presence of a medium on the degradation mechanism of orpiment (As2S3) using synchrotron radiation (SR)-based tomographic transmission X-ray microscopy, SR-based micro-X-ray fluorescence, and Xray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy. Upon direct illumination of dry orpiment powder using UV-visible light, only the formation of As2O3 was observed. When As2S3 was surrounded by a medium and illuminated, As2O3 was only observed in the area directly exposed to light, while As(V) degradation species were found elsewhere in the medium. Without accelerated artificial light aging, As(V)(aq) species are formed and migrate throughout the medium within weeks after preparation. In both scenarios, the As(V) species form via intermediate As(III)(aq) species and the presence of a medium is necessary. As(V)(aq) species can react with available cations to form insoluble metal arsenates, which induces stress within the paint layers (leading to, e.g., cracks and delamination) or can lead to a visual change of the image of the painting. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000974346900001 |
Publication Date |
2023-04-14 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0002-7863 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
15 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 15; 2023 IF: 13.858 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:196762 |
Serial |
8948 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Janssens, K.L.; Partoens, B.; Peeters, F.M. |
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Title |
Magneto-excitons in planar type II quantum dots |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys Rev B |
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Volume |
64 |
Issue |
15 |
Pages |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT) |
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Abstract |
We study an exciton in a type-II quantum dot, where the electron is confined in the dot, but the hole is located in the barrier material. The exciton properties are studied as a function of a perpendicular magnetic field using a Hartree-Fock mesh calculation. Our model system consists of a planar quantum disk. Angular momentum (l) transitions are predicted with increasing magnetic field. We, also study the transition from a type-I to a type-H quantum dot which is induced by changing the confinement potential of the hole. For sufficiently large magnetic fields a reentrant behavior is found from l(h) = 0 to l(h) not equal 0 and back to l(h) = 0, which results in a transition from type II to type I. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Lancaster, Pa |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000171694600068 |
Publication Date |
2002-07-27 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0163-1829;1095-3795; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.836 |
Times cited |
56 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.836; 2001 IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:37281 |
Serial |
1900 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Vermeulen, M.; Saverwyns, S.; Coudray, A.; Janssens, K.; Sanyova, J. |
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Title |
Identification by Raman spectroscopy of pararealgar as a starting material in the synthesis of amorphous arsenic sulfide pigments |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Dyes and pigments |
Abbreviated Journal |
Dyes Pigments |
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Volume |
149 |
Issue |
149 |
Pages |
290-297 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
In this study, a combination of elemental analytical techniques (MA-XRF and SEM-EDX) were used to localize arsenic sulfide pigments within a 17th-century Dutch painting and in the stratigraphy of an 18th-century Flemish polychrome sculpture. Once located, Raman spectroscopy was used to obtain the vibrational signature of the arsenic sulfide pigments employed. By means of the latter analytical technique and due to the very distinctive Raman scattering signal of the various arsenic sulfide compounds, it was possible to identify the arsenic-based pigments as natural orpiment and amorphous arsenic sulfide. In the latter case, based on the minor bands observed and the good condition of the paint layers, it was possible to identify pararealgar, the orangey-yellow to yellow degradation product of realgar, as the initial arsenic sulfide material used for the synthesis of the amorphous pigment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that combined pararealgar/amorphous arsenic sulfide Raman spectra are reported in historical samples. Therefore, this would be the first identification of pararealgar as the starting material to produce amorphous, arsenic sulfide pigments used in artworks. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000423246900033 |
Publication Date |
2017-10-12 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0143-7208 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.473 |
Times cited |
7 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; This research is made possible with the support of the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO, Brussels) through the research program Science for a Sustainable Development SDD: “Long-term role and fate of metal -sulfides in painted works of art S2ART” (SD/RI/04A). The authors would like to acknowledge the owner of the Abraham Mignon painting, Cecile Glaude for her help with SEM-EDX analyses as well as Livia Depuyt, Carlota Barbosa and Athanasia Fragkou for their assistance. The authors also acknowledge Dr. Karel Palka and Prof. Miroslav Week for their help with the synthesis of the amorphous arsenic sulfide references. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.473 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:149307 |
Serial |
5648 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Alvarez-Martin, A.; Janssens, K. |
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Title |
Protecting and stimulating effect on the degradation of eosin lakes. Part 1 : lead white and cobalt blue |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Microchemical journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Microchem J |
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| |
Volume |
141 |
Issue |
141 |
Pages |
51-63 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
An important problem encountered during the preservation of paintings and other artworks is the fading of the original colors due to exposure of the colorants to light. This fact is clearly evidenced in some of Vincent Van Gogh's paintings in which an organic red, eosin or geranium lake, is present. The identification of eosin and the characterization of its degradation products in paintings represents a challenge because of (i) the generally low concentration of the pigment remaining after an aging period of ca 100 years, (ii) the scarcity of the paint micro samples available for analysis and the difficulty of obtaining additional ones and (iii) the complexity of the degradation behavior of eosin when it is mixed with organic or inorganic pigments, binding media or varnish. This study presents an accelerated aging experiment of eosin paint models in order to understand better the discoloration process; more specifically the influence of different metals with which eosin forms complexes and of the presence of admixture pigments such as lead white and cobalt blue on the lightfastness of eosin is evaluated. Paint model samples were prepared using eosin, lead white, and cobalt blue in different mixing ratios and were characterized with several techniques before and after aging. The possible formation of intermediate molecular forms during the aging experiment and the influence of pigment ratios on the discoloration process were monitored at periodic intervals using a combination of LTV Visible and attenuated total Reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopies. Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX) and optical microscopy (OM) analyses were performed to gain information about the discoloration processes taking place within the paint models. Eosin precipitated on lead, aluminum and potassium/aluminum salts was used. These three lakes showed similar discoloration rates under light exposure. In contrast, the presence and relative abundance of the admixture pigments lead white and cobalt blue had a significant influence on the (speed of the) eosin discoloration process. The presence of lead white and cobalt blue appears to stimulate the eosin degradation. However, the cobalt blue shows less influence in the discoloration process, showing a protective effect during the first stages of the aging. This may be qualitatively explained in terms of the ability of lead white to scatter light towards eosin molecules and the absorption characteristics of cobalt blue in the green range of the electromagnetic spectrum, shielding eosin from incoming light. The color changes observed in the paint reconstructions are similar to discoloration phenomena visible in some Van Gogh paintings and can offer an explanation of the gradual discoloration process that took place over the years. These insights will be helpful to estimate the original hues color used/intended by the artist. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000439678200006 |
Publication Date |
2018-05-07 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0026-265x; 0026-265x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.034 |
Times cited |
3 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The authors sincerely acknowledged Dr. Costanza Miliani for sharing information about the synthesis of geranium lake. The authors also acknowledged Dr. Geert van der Snickt and Gert Nuyts for the help with the aging experiments and for carrying out the SEM-EDX measurements respectively. The authors would like to acknowledge the SolarPaint project (GOA programme, Antwerp University Research Council) for financial support. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.034 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:153087 |
Serial |
5788 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Vermeulen, M.; Janssens, K.; Sanyova, J.; Rahemi, V.; McGlinchey, C.; De Wael, K. |
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Title |
Assessing the stability of arsenic sulfide pigments and influence of the binding media on their degradation by means of spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Microchemical journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Microchem J |
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| |
Volume |
138 |
Issue |
138 |
Pages |
82-91 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
In this paper, we used the semiconducting and lightfastness properties of synthetic and mineral arsenic sulfide pigments to study their stability by means of electrochemical and microfadometric techniques. A combination of these techniques shows that in the early stage of the degradation process, amorphous arsenic sulfides are more stable than both crystalline forms, while upon longer exposure time, amorphous pigments will fade more than both mineral pigments, making it less suitable. While the stability study was carried out on unbound pigments, the influence of the organic binder on the relative degradation of the arsenic sulfide pigments was investigated through a multi-analytical approach on pigment/binder mock-up paint samples. For this purpose, the formation of arsenic trioxide was assessed by micro Fourier transform infrared (μ-FTIR) spectroscopy while the influence of the binder on the formation of sulfates was studied by means of synchrotron radiation X-ray near edge structure (μ-XANES). Both techniques elucidate a higher stability of all pigments in gum arabic while the use of egg yolk as binder leads to the most degradation, most likely due to its sulfur-rich composition. In the context of the degradation of arsenic sulfide pigments, other binders such as animal glue, egg white or linseed oil show an intermediate impact. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000428103000010 |
Publication Date |
2018-01-06 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0026-265x; 0026-265x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.034 |
Times cited |
4 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; This research is made possible with the support of the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO, Brussels) through the research program Science for a Sustainable Development – SDD, “Long-term role and fate of metal-sulfides in painted works of art – S2ART” (grant number SD/RI/04A). We gratefully acknowledge Megane Willems (Institut Paul-Lambin) for her help with mu-FFIR analyses and realization of the mock-up paint samples. We acknowledge the Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland for provision of synchrotron radiation beamtime at beamline Phoenix of the SLS. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.034 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:150149 |
Serial |
5482 |
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Author |
Hirayama, A.; Abe, Y.; van Loon, A.; De Keyser, N.; Noble, P.; Vanmeert, F.; Janssens, K.; Tantrakarn, K.; Taniguchi, K.; Nakai, I. |
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Title |
Development of a new portable X-ray powder diffractometer and its demonstration to on-site analysis of two selected old master paintings from the Rijksmuseum |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Microchemical journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Microchem J |
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Volume |
138 |
Issue |
138 |
Pages |
266-272 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
A portable X-ray powder diffractometer (p-XRD) PT-APXRD III has been developed for onsite analysis of paintings and archaeological samples. By using a Cu anode X-ray tube and a silicon drift diode (SDD) detector, diffraction patterns with a high signalnoise (S/N) ratio can be recorded. The X-ray tube can be operated at a maximum voltage of 60 kV, which makes it possible to simultaneously record X-ray fluorescence spectra up to the high-energy region. The total weight of this instrument is 16 kg, which can be carried anywhere and the goniometer unit (5.6 kg) can be placed on a tripod for analysis of mural paintings. We brought the instrument to the Rijksmuseum in the Netherlands to examine its applicability for the analysis of oil paintings. We successfully analyzed two seventeenthcentury oil paintings by Johannes Vermeer and Jan Davidsz de Heem (copy after). Ultramarine blue, leadtin yellow type I, and Naples yellow were identified from the diffraction patterns, demonstrating the high practicality of this instrument. Furthermore, it was found from the SEM-EDX analysis of a paint cross section that the yellow pigment was applied in separate layers rather than being mixed. This diffractometer will be commercially available in the near future and will have many applications in the field of material analysis. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000428103000030 |
Publication Date |
2018-01-04 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0026-265x; 0026-265x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.034 |
Times cited |
2 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; This research was conducted with the support of the JSPS (Tokyo, Japan)-FWO (Brussels, Belgium) bilateral exchange project. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.034 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:151565 |
Serial |
5575 |
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Author |
van der Snickt, G.; Legrand, S.; Slama, I.; Van Zuien, E.; Gruber, G.; Van der Stighelen, K.; Klaassen, L.; Oberthaler, E.; Janssens, K. |
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Title |
In situ macro X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) scanning as a non-invasive tool to probe for subsurface modifications in paintings by PP Rubens |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Microchemical journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Microchem J |
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Volume |
138 |
Issue |
138 |
Pages |
238-245 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Within the last decade, the established synchrotron- and laboratory-based micro-XRF scanning technology inspired the development of mobile instruments that allow performing in situ experiments on paintings on a macro scale. Since the development of the first mobile scanner at the start of this decade, this chemical imaging technique has brought new insights with respect to several iconic paintings, especially in cases when standard imaging techniques such as X-Ray Radiography (XRR) or Infrared Refiectography (IRR) yielded ambiguous results. The ability of scanning MA-XRF to visualise the distribution of elements detected at and below the paint surface renders this spectrometric method particularly helpful for studying painting techniques and revealing materials that remain hidden below the paint surface. The latter aspect is especially relevant for the technical study of works by Pieter Paul Rubens (1577-1640) as this highly productive seventeenth century master is particularly renowned for the continuous application of modifications during (and even after) the entire course of the creative process. In this work, the added value of MA-XRF scanning experiments for visualising these subsurface features is exemplified by interpreting the chemical images obtained on three of Rubens' key works. Special attention is given to three types of adjustments that are particularly relevant for the technical study of Rubens' oeuvre: (1) compositional changes ('pentimenti'), exemplified by results obtained on The Portrait of Helene Fourment (ca. 1638), (2) extensions to the support ('Anstlickungen.), illustrated by imaging experiments performed on the Venus Frigida (1614) and (3) Rubens' intriguing halos around flesh tones, as found amongst others in The Incredulity of Saint Thomas (1613). The ensuing insights in the paint stratigraphy and the underlying supporting structure illustrate the potential of MA-XRF scanning for the non-invasive, comparative study of Rubens' oeuvre. The results do not only augment the understanding of the complex genesis of Rubens' works of art and his efficient painting technique, but prove valuable during conservation treatments as well, as addressed in this paper. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000428103000027 |
Publication Date |
2018-01-17 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0026-265x; 0026-265x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.034 |
Times cited |
5 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.034 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:151564 |
Serial |
5657 |
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Author |
Legrand, S.; Ricciardi, P.; Nodari, L.; Janssens, K. |
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Title |
Non-invasive analysis of a 15th century illuminated manuscript fragment: point-based vs imaging spectroscopy |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Microchemical journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Microchem J |
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Volume |
138 |
Issue |
138 |
Pages |
162-172 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Illuminated manuscript fragments are some of the best preserved objects of Western cultural heritage. Therefore, scholars are limited to non-invasive – often point-based – methods, to answer questions on material usage, technique, origin and previous treatments. These powerful methods yield specific information; however, the information is limited to the number of points analyzed. Imaging spectroscopies such as MA-XRF and MA-rFTIR combine specificity with the power of imaging, resulting in distribution images that are interpretable by non-spectroscopists and the public at large. In this paper the possible added value of using imaging spectroscopy is discussed. Do these methods yield the same results as an extensive point-based spectroscopic campaign and can they bring novel information? As a case study, a 15th century illuminated manuscript fragment is employed in order to explore the differences between these approaches and present an inventory of their advantages and limitations. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000428103000019 |
Publication Date |
2018-01-05 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0026-265x; 0026-265x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.034 |
Times cited |
12 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The authors wish to thank Dr. Stella Panayotova, Keeper of Manuscripts and Printed Books at the Fitzwilliam Museum, for allowing technical analysis of the manuscript fragment, and Dr. Suzanne Reynolds, Assistant Keeper of Manuscripts and Printed Books, for crucial help in identifying the text on the reverse of the fragment and its significance. We also wish to thank Prof. Andrew Beeby and Dr. Catherine Nicholson for their complementary Raman analyses. The warm hospitality of the Hamilton Kerr Institute is also gratefully acknowledged. The Esmee Fairbairn Collections Fund and Cambridge University's Returning Carers Scheme provided funding for part of this research. SL and KJ acknowledge support from project METOX (contract BR/165/A6/MetOx), BELSPO, Brussels. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.034 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:151563 |
Serial |
5749 |
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Author |
Koldeweij, J.; Hoogstede, L.; Ilsink, M.; Janssens, K.; De Keyser, N.; Gotink, R.K.; Legrand, S.; Nauhaus, J.M.; van der Snickt, G.; Spronk, R. |
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Title |
The patron of Hieronymus Bosch's 'Last Judgment' triptych in Vienna |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
The Burlington magazine |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
160 |
Issue |
1379 |
Pages |
106-111 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
A technical examination of the Last Judgment triptych by Hieronymus Bosch in the Paintings Gallery of the Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna, has revealed a painted escutcheon with the coat of arms of the Burgundian court official Hippolyte de Berthoz underneath the current surface of the right outer wing. This allows him to be firmly identified as the painting's patron. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
000458246800007 |
Publication Date |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0007-6287; 2044-9925 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:181267 |
Serial |
8656 |
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Author |
Bull, D.; Krekeler, A.; Alfeld, M.; Dik, J.; Janssens, K. |
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Title |
An intrusive portrait by Goya |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
The Burlington magazine |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
153 |
Issue |
1303 |
Pages |
668-673 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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ISSN |
0007-6287; 2044-9925 |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:93602 |
Serial |
5672 |
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