|   | 
Details
   web
Records
Author Cai, Y.; Mei, D.; Chen, Y.; Bogaerts, A.; Tu, X.
Title Machine learning-driven optimization of plasma-catalytic dry reforming of methane Type A1 Journal Article
Year 2024 Publication Journal of Energy Chemistry Abbreviated Journal Journal of Energy Chemistry
Volume 96 Issue Pages 153-163
Keywords A1 Journal Article; Plasma catalysis Machine learning Process optimization Dry reforming of methane Syngas production; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
Abstract This study investigates the dry reformation of methane (DRM) over Ni/Al2O3 catalysts in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) non-thermal plasma reactor. A novel hybrid machine learning (ML) model is developed to optimize the plasma-catalytic DRM reaction with limited experimental data. To address the non-linear and complex nature of the plasma-catalytic DRM process, the hybrid ML model integrates three well-established algorithms: regression trees, support vector regression, and artificial neural networks. A genetic algorithm (GA) is then used to optimize the hyperparameters of each algorithm within the hybrid ML model. The ML model achieved excellent agreement with the experimental data, demonstrating its efficacy in accurately predicting and optimizing the DRM process. The model was subsequently used to investigate the impact of various operating parameters on the plasma-catalytic DRM performance. We found that the optimal discharge power (20 W), CO2/CH4 molar ratio (1.5), and Ni loading (7.8 wt%) resulted in the maximum energy yield at a total flow rate of 51 mL/min. Furthermore, we investigated the relative significance of each operating parameter on the performance of the plasmacatalytic DRM process. The results show that the total flow rate had the greatest influence on the conversion, with a significance exceeding 35% for each output, while the Ni loading had the least impact on the overall reaction performance. This hybrid model demonstrates a remarkable ability to extract valuable insights from limited datasets, enabling the development and optimization of more efficient and selective plasma-catalytic chemical processes.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos Publication Date 2024-04-25
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2095-4956 ISBN (up) Additional Links
Impact Factor 13.1 Times cited Open Access
Notes This project received funding from the European Union’s Hori- zon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 813393. Approved Most recent IF: 13.1; 2024 IF: 2.594
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @ Serial 9124
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Albrechts, M.; Tsonev, I.; Bogaerts, A.
Title Investigation of O atom kinetics in O2plasma and its afterglow Type A1 Journal Article
Year 2024 Publication Plasma Sources Science and Technology Abbreviated Journal Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.
Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 045017
Keywords A1 Journal Article; oxygen plasma, pseudo-1D plug-flow kinetic model, O atoms, low-pressure validation, atmospheric pressure microwave torch; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
Abstract We have developed a comprehensive kinetic model to study the O atom kinetics in an O<sub>2</sub>plasma and its afterglow. By adopting a pseudo-1D plug-flow formalism within the kinetic model, our aim is to assess how far the O atoms travel in the plasma afterglow, evaluating its potential as a source of O atoms for post-plasma gas conversion applications. Since we could not find experimental data for pure O<sub>2</sub>plasma at atmospheric pressure, we first validated our model at low pressure (1–10 Torr) where very good experimental data are available. Good agreement between our model and experiments was achieved for the reduced electric field, gas temperature and the densities of the dominant neutral species, i.e. O<sub>2</sub>(a), O<sub>2</sub>(b) and O. Subsequently, we confirmed that the chemistry set is consistent with thermodynamic equilibrium calculations at atmospheric pressure. Finally, we investigated the O atom densities in the O<sub>2</sub>plasma and its afterglow, for which we considered a microwave O<sub>2</sub>plasma torch, operating at a pressure between 0.1 and 1 atm, for a flow rate of 20 slm and an specific energy input of 1656 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>. Our results show that for both pressure conditions, a high dissociation degree of ca. 92% is reached within the discharge. However, the O atoms travel much further in the plasma afterglow for<italic>p</italic>= 0.1 atm (9.7 cm) than for<italic>p</italic>= 1 atm (1.4 cm), attributed to the longer lifetime (3.8 ms at 0.1 atm vs 1.8 ms at 1 atm) resulting from slower three-body recombination kinetics, as well as a higher volumetric flow rate.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 001209453500001 Publication Date 2024-04-01
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0963-0252 ISBN (up) Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record
Impact Factor 3.8 Times cited Open Access
Notes This research was supported by the Horizon Europe Framework Program ‘Research and Innovation Actions’ (RIA), Project CANMILK (Grant No. 101069491). Approved Most recent IF: 3.8; 2024 IF: 3.302
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:205920 Serial 9125
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Xu, W.; Van Alphen, S.; Galvita, V.V.; Meynen, V.; Bogaerts, A.
Title Effect of Gas Composition on Temperature and CO2Conversion in a Gliding Arc Plasmatron reactor: Insights for Post‐Plasma Catalysis from Experiments and Computation Type A1 Journal Article
Year 2024 Publication ChemSusChem Abbreviated Journal ChemSusChem
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords A1 Journal Article; CO2 conversion · Plasma · Gliding arc plasmatron · Temperature profiles · Computational modelling; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
Abstract Plasma‐based CO<sub>2</sub>conversion has attracted increasing interest. However, to understand the impact of plasma operation on post‐plasma processes, we studied the effect of adding N<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub>and N<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O to a CO<sub>2</sub>gliding arc plasmatron (GAP) to obtain valuable insights into their impact on exhaust stream composition and temperature, which will serve as feed gas and heat for post‐plasma catalysis (PPC). Adding N<sub>2</sub>improves the CO<sub>2</sub>conversion from 4 % to 13 %, and CH<sub>4</sub>addition further promotes it to 44 %, and even to 61 % at lower gas flow rate (6 L/min), allowing a higher yield of CO and hydrogen for PPC. The addition of H<sub>2</sub>O, however, reduces the CO<sub>2</sub>conversion from 55 % to 22 %, but it also lowers the energy cost, from 5.8 to 3 kJ/L. Regarding the temperature at 4.9 cm post‐plasma, N<sub>2</sub>addition increases the temperature, while the CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub>ratio has no significant effect on temperature. We also calculated the temperature distribution with computational fluid dynamics simulations. The obtained temperature profiles (both experimental and calculated) show a decreasing trend with distance to the exhaust and provide insights in where to position a PPC bed.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 001200297300001 Publication Date 2024-04-11
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1864-5631 ISBN (up) Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 8.4 Times cited Open Access
Notes We acknowledge the VLAIO Catalisti Moonshot project D2M and the VLAIO Catalisti transition project CO2PERATE (HBC.2017.0692) for financial support. We acknowledge Gilles Van Loon for his help to make the quartz and steel devices for the reactor. Vladimir V. Galvita also acknowledges a personal grant from the Research Fund of Ghent University (BOF; 01N16319). Approved Most recent IF: 8.4; 2024 IF: 7.226
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:205101 Serial 9128
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Xu, W.; Buelens, L.C.; Galvita, V.V.; Bogaerts, A.; Meynen, V.
Title Improving the performance of gliding arc plasma-catalytic dry reforming via a new post-plasma tubular catalyst bed Type A1 Journal Article
Year 2024 Publication Journal of CO2 Utilization Abbreviated Journal Journal of CO2 Utilization
Volume 83 Issue Pages 102820
Keywords A1 Journal Article; Dry reforming Gliding arc plasma Plasma catalytic DRM Ni-based mixed oxide Post-plasma catalysis; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
Abstract A combination of a gliding arc plasmatron (GAP) reactor and a newly designed tubular catalyst bed (N-bed) was applied to investigate the post-plasma catalytic (PPC) effect for dry reforming of methane (DRM). As comparison, a traditional plasma catalyst bed (T-bed) was also utilized. The post-plasma catalytic effect of a Ni-based mixed oxide (Ni/MO) catalyst with a thermal catalytic performance of 77% CO2 and 86% CH4 conversion at 700 ℃ was studied. Although applying the T-bed had little effect on plasma based CO2 and CH4 conversion, an increase in selectivity to H2 was obtained with a maximum value of 89% at a distance of 2 cm. However, even when only α-Al2O3 packing material was used in the N-bed configuration, compared to the plasma alone and the T-bed, an increase of the CO2 and CH4 conversion from 53% and 53% to 69% and 69% to 83% was achieved. Addition of the Ni/MO catalyst further enhanced the DRM reaction, resulting in conversions of 79% for CO2 and 91% for

CH4. Hence, although no insulation nor external heating was applied to the N-bed post plasma, it provides a slightly better conversion than the thermal catalytic performance with the same catalyst, while being fully electrically driven. In addition, an enhanced CO selectivity to 96% was obtained and the energy cost was reduced from ~ 6 kJ/L (plasma alone) to 4.3 kJ/L. To our knowledge, it is the first time that a post-plasma catalytic system achieves this excellent catalytic performance for DRM without extra external heating or insulation.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos Publication Date 2024-05-25
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2212-9820 ISBN (up) Additional Links
Impact Factor 7.7 Times cited Open Access
Notes Wencong Xu, Vladimir V. Galvita, Annemie Bogaerts, and Vera Meynen would like to acknowledge the VLAIO Catalisti Moonshot project D2M and the VLAIO Catalisti transition project CO2PERATE (HBC.2017.0692). Lukas C. Buelens acknowledges financial support from the Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO Flanders) through a postdoctoral fellowship grant 12E5623N. Vladimir V. Galvita also acknowledges a personal grant from the Research Fund of Ghent University (BOF; 01N16319). Approved Most recent IF: 7.7; 2024 IF: 4.292
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @ Serial 9131
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Maerivoet, S.; Tsonev, I.; Slaets, J.; Reniers, F.; Bogaerts, A.
Title Coupled multi-dimensional modelling of warm plasmas: Application and validation for an atmospheric pressure glow discharge in CO2/CH4/O2 Type A1 Journal Article
Year 2024 Publication Chemical Engineering Journal Abbreviated Journal Chemical Engineering Journal
Volume 492 Issue Pages 152006
Keywords A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
Abstract To support experimental research into gas conversion by warm plasmas, models should be developed to explain the experimental observations. These models need to describe all physical and chemical plasma properties in a coupled way. In this paper, we present a modelling approach to solve the complete set of assumed relevant equations, including gas flow, heat balance and species transport, coupled with a rather extensive chemistry set, consisting of 21 species, obtained by reduction of a more detailed chemistry set, consisting of 41 species. We apply this model to study the combined CO2 and CH4 conversion in the presence of O2, in a direct current atmospheric pressure glow discharge. Our model can predict the experimental trends, and can explain why higher O2 fractions result in higher CH4 conversion, namely due to the higher gas temperature, rather than just by additional chemical reactions. Indeed, our model predicts that when more O2 is added, the energy required to reach any set temperature (i.e., the enthalpy) drops, allowing the system to reach higher temperatures with similar amounts of energy. This is in turn related to the higher H2O fraction and lower H2 fraction formed in the plasma, as demonstrated by our model. Altogether, our new self-consistent model can capture the main physics and chemistry occurring in this warm plasma, which is an important step towards predictive modelling for plasma-based gas conversion.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos Publication Date 2024-05-09
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1385-8947 ISBN (up) Additional Links
Impact Factor 15.1 Times cited Open Access
Notes This research was supported by the Excellence of Science FWO-FNRS project (FWO grant ID G0I1822N; EOS ID 40007511) and the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 810182–SCOPE ERC Synergy project, and grant agreement No. 101081162–PREPARE ERC Proof of Concept project). computational resources and services used in this work were provided by the HPC core facility CalcUA of the Universiteit Antwerpen, and VSC (Flemish Supercomputer Center), funded by the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO) and the Flemish Government. Approved Most recent IF: 15.1; 2024 IF: 6.216
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @ Serial 9132
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Steiner, R.E.; Barshick, C.M.; Bogaerts, A.
Title Glow discharge optical spectroscopy and mass spectrometry Type H1 Book chapter
Year 2009 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1-28
Keywords H1 Book chapter; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract Optical (atomic absorption spectroscopy, AAS; atomic emission spectroscopy, AES; atomic fluorescence spectroscopy, AFS; and optogalvanic spectroscopy) and mass spectrometric (magnetic sector, quadrupolemass analyzer, QMA; quadrupole ion trap, QIT; Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance, FTICR; and time-of-flight, TOF) instrumentation are well suited for coupling to the glow discharge (GD). The GD is a relatively simple device. A potential gradient (5001500 V) is applied between an anode and a cathode. In most cases, the sample is also the cathode. A noble gas (e.g. Ar, Ne, and Xe) is introduced into the discharge region before power initiation. When a potential is applied, electrons are accelerated toward the anode. As these electrons accelerate, they collide with gas atoms. A fraction of these collisions are of sufficient energy to remove an electron from a support gas atom, forming an ion. These ions are, in turn, accelerated toward the cathode. These ions impinge on the surface of the cathode, sputtering sample atoms from the surface. Sputtered atoms that do not redeposit on the surface diffuse into the excitation/ionization regions of the plasma where they can undergo excitation and/or ionization via a number of collisional processes. GD sources offer a number of distinct advantages that make them well suited for specific types of analyses. These sources afford direct analysis of solid samples, thus minimizing the sample preparation required for analysis. The nature of the plasma also provides mutually exclusive atomization and excitation processes that help to minimize the matrix effects that plague so many other elemental techniques. Unfortunately, the GD source functions optimally in a dry environment, making analysis of solutions more difficult. These sources also suffer from difficulties associated with analyzing nonconductingsamples. In this article, first, the principles of operation of the GD plasma are reviewed, with an emphasis on how those principles relate to optical spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Basic applications of the GD techniques are considered next. These include bulk analysis, surface analysis, and the analysis of solution samples. The requirements necessary to obtain optical information are addressed following the analytical applications. This section focuses on the instrumentation needed to make optical measurements using the GD as an atomization/excitation source. Finally, mass spectrometric instrumentation and interfaces are addressed as they pertain to the use of a GD plasma as an ion source. GDsources provide analytically useful gas-phase species from solid samples. These sources can be interfaced with avariety of spectroscopic and spectrometric instruments for both quantitative and qualitative analysis.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Wiley Place of Publication Chichester Editor
Language Wos Publication Date 0000-00-00
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN (up) 0471976709 Additional Links UA library record
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:78169 Serial 1352
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Bogaerts, A.
Title Glow discharge optical spectroscopy and mass spectrometry Type H1 Book chapter
Year 2016 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1-31
Keywords H1 Book chapter; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract Atomic Spectroscopy Optical (atomic absorption spectroscopy, AAS; atomic emission spectroscopy, AES; atomic fluorescence spectroscopy, AFS; and optogalvanic spectroscopy) and mass spectrometric (magnetic sector, quadrupole mass analyzer, QMA; quadrupole ion trap, QIT; Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance, FTICR; and time-of-flight, TOF) instrumentation are well suited for coupling to the glow discharge (GD). The GD is a relatively simple device. A potential gradient (500–1500 V) is applied between an anode and a cathode. In most cases, the sample is also the cathode. A noble gas (mostly Ar) is introduced into the discharge region before power initiation. When a potential is applied, electrons are accelerated toward the anode. As these electrons accelerate, they collide with gas atoms. A fraction of these collisions are of sufficient energy to remove an electron from a support gas atom, forming an ion. These ions are, in turn, accelerated toward the cathode. These ions impinge on the surface of the cathode, sputtering sample atoms from the surface. Sputtered atoms that do not redeposit on the surface diffuse into the excitation/ionization regions of the plasma where they can undergo excitation and/or ionization via a number of collisional processes, and the photons or ions created in this way can be detected with optical emission spectroscopy or mass spectrometry. GD sources offer a number of distinct advantages that make them well suited for specific types of analyses. These sources afford direct analysis of solid samples, thus minimizing the sample preparation required for analysis. The nature of the plasma also provides mutually exclusive atomization and excitation processes that help to minimize the matrix effects that plague so many other elemental techniques. In recent years, there is also increasing interest for using GD sources for liquid and gas analyses. In this article, first, the principles of operation of the GD plasma are reviewed, with an emphasis on how those principles relate to optical spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Basic applications of the GD techniques are considered next. These include bulk analysis, surface analysis, and the analysis of solution and gaseous samples. The requirements necessary to obtain optical information are addressed following the analytical applications. This article focuses on the instrumentation needed to make optical measurements using the GD as an atomization/excitation source. Finally, mass spectrometric instrumentation and interfaces are addressed as they pertain to the use of a GD plasma as an ion source. GD sources provide analytically useful gas-phase species from solid samples. These sources can be interfaced with a variety of spectroscopic and spectrometric instruments for both quantitative and qualitative analyses.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher John Wiley & Sons Place of Publication Chichester Editor
Language Wos Publication Date 0000-00-00
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN (up) 978-0-470-02731-8 Additional Links UA library record
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:132064 Serial 4187
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Neyts, E.; Mao, M.; Eckert, M.; Bogaerts, A.
Title Modeling aspects of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of carbon-based materials Type H1 Book chapter
Year 2012 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 245-290
Keywords H1 Book chapter; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher CRC Press Place of Publication Boca Raton, Fla Editor
Language Wos Publication Date 0000-00-00
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN (up) 978-1-4398-6676-4 Additional Links UA library record
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:107843 Serial 2109
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Bogaerts, A.; Aghaei, M.; Autrique, D.; Lindner, H.; Chen, Z.; Wendelen, W.
Title Computer simulations of laser ablation, plume expansion and plasma formation Type H1 Book chapter
Year 2011 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1-10
Keywords H1 Book chapter; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Trans Tech Place of Publication Aedermannsdorf Editor
Language Wos 000292658900001 Publication Date 2011-04-20
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1662-8985; ISBN (up) 978-3-03785-081-7 Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor Times cited 8 Open Access
Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:88340 Serial 470
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Bogaerts, A.; Kolev, I.; Buyle, G.
Title Modeling of the magnetron discharge Type H1 Book chapter
Year 2008 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 61-130
Keywords H1 Book chapter; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Berlin Editor
Language Wos Publication Date 0000-00-00
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN (up) 978-3-540-76664-3 Additional Links UA library record
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:82176 Serial 2133
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Bogaerts, A.; Berthelot, A.; Heijkers, S.; Kozák, T.
Title Computer modeling of a microwave discharge used for CO2 splitting Type P2 Proceeding
Year 2015 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 41-50
Keywords P2 Proceeding; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher UCO Press Place of Publication Cordoba Editor
Language Wos Publication Date
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN (up) 978-84-9927-187-3 Additional Links UA library record
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:135096 Serial 4154
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Berthelot, A.; Kolev, S.; Bogaerts, A.
Title Different pressure regimes of a surface-wave discharge in argon : a modelling investigation Type P2 Proceeding
Year 2015 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 57-62
Keywords P2 Proceeding; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher UCO Press Place of Publication Cordoba Editor
Language Wos Publication Date
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN (up) 978-84-9927-187-3 Additional Links UA library record
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:135094 Serial 4160
Permanent link to this record