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Author |
Steijlen, A.S.M.; Parrilla, M.; Van Echelpoel, R.; De Wael, K. |
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Title |
Dual microfluidic sensor system for enriched electrochemical profiling and identification of illicit drugs on-site |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2024 |
Publication |
Analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
96 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
590-598 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab) |
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Abstract |
Electrochemical sensors have emerged as a new analytical tool for illicit drug detection to facilitate ultrafast and accurate identification of suspicious compounds on-site. Drugs of abuse can be identified using their unique voltammetric fingerprint at a given pH. Today, the right buffer solution is manually selected based on drug appearance, and in some cases, a consecutive analysis in two different pH solutions is required. In this work, we present a disposable microfluidic multichannel sensor system that automatically records fingerprints in two pH solutions (e.g., pH 5 and pH 12). This system has two advantages. It will overcome the manual selection of a buffer solution at the right pH, decrease analysis time, and minimize the risk of human errors. Second, the combination of two fingerprints, the superfingerprint, contains more detailed information about the samples, which enhances the selectivity of the analytical technique. First, real-time pH measurements proved that the sample can be brought to the desired pH within a minute. Subsequently, an electrochemical study on the microfluidic platform with 1 mM illicit drug standards of MDMA, cocaine, heroin, and methamphetamine showed that the characteristic voltammetric fingerprints and peak potentials are reproducible, also in the presence of common cutting agents. Finally, the microfluidic concept was validated with real confiscated samples, showing promising results for the user-friendly identification of drugs of abuse. In short, this paper presents a successful proof-of-concept study of a multichannel microfluidic sensor system to enrich the fingerprints of illicit drugs at pH 5 and pH 12, thus providing a low-cost, portable, and rapid identification system of illicit drugs with minimal user intervention. |
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Wos |
001139443500001 |
Publication Date |
2023-12-28 |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0003-2700; 5206-882x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
7.4 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
Not_Open_Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 7.4; 2024 IF: 6.32 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:201877 |
Serial |
9024 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Deleu, N.; Hillen, M.; Steenackers, G.; Borms, G.; Janssens, K.; Van der Stighelen, K.; Van der Snickt, G. |
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Title |
Combined macro X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) and pulse phase thermography (PPT) imaging for the technical study of panel paintings |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2024 |
Publication |
Talanta : the international journal of pure and applied analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
270 |
Issue |
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Pages |
125533-11 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Art; Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES); Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS) |
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Abstract |
Museum staff usually relies on a proven combination of X-ray radiography (XRR) and infrared reflectography (IRR) to study paintings in a non-destructive manner. In the last decades, however, the research toolbox of heritage scientists has expanded considerably, with a prime example being macro X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF), producing element-specific images. The goal of this article is to illustrate the added value of augmenting MA-XRF with pulse phase thermography (PPT), a variant of active infrared thermographic imaging (IRT), which is an innovative diagnostic method that is able to reveal variations between or in materials, based on a different response to minor fluctuations in temperature when irradiated with optical radiation. By examining three 16thand 17th-century panel paintings we assess the extent in which combined MA-XRF and PPT contributes to a better understanding of two commonly encountered interventions to panel paintings: (a) Anstuckungen (enlargement of the panel) or (b) substitutions (replacement of part of the panel). Yielding information from different depths of the painting, these two techniques proved highly complementary with IRR and XRR, expanding the understanding of the build-up, genesis, and material history of the paintings. While MA-XRF documented the interventions to the wooden substrate indirectly by revealing variations in painting materials, paint handling and/ or layer sequence between the original part and the extended or replaced planks, PPT proved beneficial for the study of the wooden support itself, by providing a clear image of the wood structure quasi-free of distortion by the superimposed paint or cradling. XRR, on the other hand, revealed other features from the wood structure, not visible with PPT, and allowed looking through the wooden panels, revealing e.g. the dowels used for joining the planks. Additionally, IRR visualised dissimilarities in the underdrawings. In this way, the results indicate that PPT has the potential to become an acknowledged add-on to the expanding set of imaging methods for paintings, especially when used in combination with MA-XRF, IRR and XRR. |
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Wos |
001144098200001 |
Publication Date |
2023-12-09 |
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ISSN |
0039-9140; 1873-3573 |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record |
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Impact Factor |
6.1 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.1; 2024 IF: 4.162 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:203764 |
Serial |
9193 |
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Author |
Verlinden, G.; Janssens, G.; Gijbels, R.; van Espen, P.; Geuens, I. |
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Title |
Three-dimensional chemical characterization of complex silver halide microcrystals by scanning ion microprobe mass analysis |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
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Volume |
69 |
Issue |
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Pages |
3773-3779 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Chemometrics (Mitac 3) |
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Place of Publication |
Washington, D.C. |
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Wos |
A1997XV71200019 |
Publication Date |
2002-07-26 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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ISSN |
0003-2700;1520-6882; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.32 |
Times cited |
6 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.32; 1997 IF: 4.743 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:16959 |
Serial |
3647 |
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Author |
Aghaei, M.; Lindner, H.; Bogaerts, A. |
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Title |
Ion Clouds in the Inductively Coupled Plasma Torch: A Closer Look through Computations |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
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Volume |
88 |
Issue |
88 |
Pages |
8005-8018 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Abstract |
We have computationally investigated the introduction of copper elemental particles in an inductively coupled plasma torch connected to a sampling cone, including for the first time the ionization of the sample. The sample is inserted as liquid particles, which are followed inside the entire torch, i.e., from the injector inlet up to the ionization and reaching the sampler. The spatial position of the ion clouds inside the torch as well as detailed information on the copper species fluxes at the position of the sampler orifice and the exhausts of the torch are provided. The effect of on- and off-axis injection is studied. We clearly show that the ion clouds of on-axis injected material are located closer to the sampler with less radial diffusion. This guarantees a higher transport efficiency through the sampler cone. Moreover, our model reveals the optimum ranges of applied power and flow rates, which ensure the proper position of ion clouds inside the torch, i.e., close enough to the sampler to increase the fraction that can enter the mass spectrometer and with minimum loss of material toward the exhausts as well as a sufficiently high plasma temperature for efficient ionization. |
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Address |
Research Group PLASMANT, Chemistry Department, University of Antwerp , Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium |
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English |
Wos |
000381654800020 |
Publication Date |
2016-07-26 |
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ISSN |
0003-2700 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.32 |
Times cited |
9 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO), Grant Number 6713. The computational work was carried out using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UA), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI), and the UA. |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.32 |
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Call Number |
PLASMANT @ plasmant @ c:irua:135644 |
Serial |
4293 |
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Author |
Fuchs, J.; Aghaei, M.; Schachel, T.D.; Sperling, M.; Bogaerts, A.; Karst, U. |
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Title |
Impact of the Particle Diameter on Ion Cloud Formation from Gold Nanoparticles in ICPMS |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
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Volume |
90 |
Issue |
17 |
Pages |
10271-10278 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Abstract |
The unique capabilities of microsecond dwell time (DT) single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICPMS) were utilized to characterize the cloud of ions generated from the introduction of suspensions of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) into the plasma. A set of narrowly distributed particles with diameters ranging from 15.4 to 100.1 nm was synthesized and characterized according to established protocols. Statistically significant numbers of the short transient spICPMS events were evaluated by using 50 μs DT for their summed intensity, maximum intensity, and duration, of which all three were found to depend on the particle diameter. The summed intensity increases from 10 to 1661 counts and the maximum intensity from 6 to 309 counts for AuNPs with diameters from 15.4 to 83.2 nm. The event duration rises from 322 to 1007 μs upon increasing AuNP diameter. These numbers represent a comprehensive set of key data points of the ion clouds generated in ICPMS from AuNPs. The extension of event duration is of high interest to appoint the maximum possible particle number concentration at which separation of consecutive events in spICPMS can still be achieved. Moreover, the combined evaluation of all above-mentioned ion cloud characteristics can explain the regularly observed prolonged single-particle events. The transport and ionization behavior of AuNPs in the ICP was also computationally modeled to gain insight into the size-dependent signal generation. The simulated data reveals that the plasma temperature, and therefore the point of ionization of the particles, is the same for all diameters. However, the maximum number density of Au+, as well as the extent of the ion cloud, depends on the particle diameter, in agreement with the experimental data, and it provides an adequate explanation for the observed ion cloud characteristics. |
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Wos |
000444060600028 |
Publication Date |
2018-09-04 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0003-2700 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.32 |
Times cited |
5 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
We thank Dr. Harald Rösner from the Institute of Materials Physics of the University of Münster for the TEM imaging. |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.32 |
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Call Number |
PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:153651 |
Serial |
5057 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Gorbanev, Y.; Privat-Maldonado, A.; Bogaerts, A. |
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Title |
Analysis of Short-Lived Reactive Species in Plasma–Air–Water Systems: The Dos and the Do Nots |
Type |
A1 Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Analytical Chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
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Volume |
90 |
Issue |
22 |
Pages |
13151-13158 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ; |
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Abstract |
This Feature addresses the analysis of the reactive species generated by nonthermal atmospheric
pressure plasmas, which are widely employed in industrial and biomedical research, as well as first
clinical applications. We summarize the progress in detection of plasma-generated short-lived
reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in aqueous solutions, discuss the potential and limitations of
various analytical methods in plasma−liquid systems, and provide an outlook on the possible future
research goals in development of short-lived reactive species analysis methods for a general
nonspecialist audience. |
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Wos |
000451246100002 |
Publication Date |
2018-11-20 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0003-2700 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.32 |
Times cited |
17 |
Open Access |
Not_Open_Access |
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Notes |
European Commission, 743151 ; This work was supported by the European Marie Sklodowska- Curie Individual Fellowship within Horizon2020 (“LTPAM”, Grant No. 743151). |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.32 |
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Call Number |
PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:156301 |
Serial |
5152 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Bogaerts, A. |
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Title |
Modeling plasmas in analytical chemistry—an example of cross-fertilization |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Analytical And Bioanalytical Chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Bioanal Chem |
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Volume |
412 |
Issue |
24 |
Pages |
6059-6083 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Abstract |
This paper gives an overview of the modeling work developed in our group in the last 25 years for various plasmas used in analytical spectrochemistry, i.e., glow discharges (GDs), inductively coupled plasmas (ICPs), and laser ablation (LA) for sample introduction in the ICP and for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The modeling approaches are briefly presented, which are different for each case, and some characteristic results are illustrated. These plasmas are used not only in analytical chemistry but also in other applications, and the insights obtained in these other fields were quite helpful for us to develop models for the analytical plasmas. Likewise, there is now a huge interest in plasma–liquid interaction, atmospheric pressure glow discharges (APGDs), and dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) for environmental, medical, and materials applications of plasmas. The insights obtained in these fields are also very relevant for ambient desorption/ionization sources and for liquid sampling, which are nowadays very popular in analytical chemistry, and they could be very helpful in developing models for these sources as well. |
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Wos |
000522701700005 |
Publication Date |
2020-03-31 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1618-2642 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
4.3 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
M. Aghaei, Z. Chen, D. Autrique, T. Martens, and P. Heirman are gratefully acknowledged for their valuable efforts in the model developments illustrated in this paper. |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.3; 2020 IF: 3.431 |
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Call Number |
PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:168600 |
Serial |
6412 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Schram, J.; Parrilla, M.; Sleegers, N.; Samyn, N.; Bijvoets, S.M.; Heerschop, M.W.J.; van Nuijs, A.L.N.; De Wael, K. |
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Title |
Identifying Electrochemical Fingerprints of Ketamine with Voltammetry and Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Its Detection in Seized Samples |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Analytical Chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
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Volume |
92 |
Issue |
19 |
Pages |
13485-13492 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Toxicological Centre |
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Herein, a straightforward electrochemical approach for the determination of ketamine in street samples and seizures is presented by employing screen-printed electrodes (SPE). Square wave voltammetry (SWV) is used to study the electrochemical behavior of the illicit drug, thus profiling the different oxidation states of the substance at different pHs. Besides, the oxidation pathway of ketamine on SPE is investigated for the first time with liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry. Under the optimized conditions, the calibration curve of ketamine at buffer solution (pH 12) exhibits a sensitivity of 8.2 μA μM–1, a linear relationship between 50 and 2500 μM with excellent reproducibility (RSD = 2.2%, at 500 μM, n = 7), and a limit of detection (LOD) of 11.7 μM. Subsequently, binary mixtures of ketamine with adulterants and illicit drugs are analyzed with SWV to investigate the electrochemical fingerprint. Moreover, the profile overlapping between different substances is addressed by the introduction of an electrode pretreatment and the integration of a tailor-made script for data treatment. Finally, the approach is tested on street samples from forensic seizures. Overall, this system allows for the on-site identification of ketamine by law enforcement agents in an easy-to-use and rapid manner on cargos and seizures, thereby disrupting the distribution channel and avoiding the illicit drug reaching the end-user. |
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Wos |
000580426800091 |
Publication Date |
2020-10-06 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0003-2700 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
7.4 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
Universiteit Antwerpen; H2020 Societal Challenges, 833787 ; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, 1S3765817N 1SB8120N ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 7.4; 2020 IF: 6.32 |
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Call Number |
AXES @ axes @c:irua:170523 |
Serial |
6435 |
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Author |
Aghaei, M.; Bogaerts, A. |
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Title |
Flowing Atmospheric Pressure Afterglow for Ambient Ionization: Reaction Pathways Revealed by Modeling |
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A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Analytical Chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
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Volume |
93 |
Issue |
17 |
Pages |
6620-6628 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Abstract |
We describe the plasma chemistry in a helium flowing atmospheric pressure afterglow (FAPA) used for analytical spectrometry, by means of a quasione-dimensional (1D) plasma chemical kinetics model. We study the effect of typical impurities present in the feed gas, as well as the afterglow in ambient humid air. The model provides the species density profiles in the discharge and afterglow regions and the chemical pathways. We demonstrate that H, N, and O atoms are formed in the discharge region, while the dominant reactive neutral species in the afterglow are O3 and NO. He* and He2* are responsible for Penning ionization of O2, N2, H2O, H2, and N, and especially O and H atoms. Besides, He2+ also contributes to ionization of N2, O2, H2O, and O through charge transfer reactions. From the pool of ions created in the discharge, NO+ and (H2O)3H+ are the dominant ions in the afterglow. Moreover, negatively charged clusters, such as NO3H2O− and NO2H2O−, are formed and their pathway is discussed as well. Our model predictions are in line with earlier observations in the literature about the important reagent ions and provide a comprehensive overview of the underlying pathways. The model explains in detail why helium provides a high analytical sensitivity because of high reagent ion formation by both Penning ionization and charge transfer. Such insights are very valuable for improving the analytical performance of this (and other) ambient desorption/ionization source(s). |
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Wos |
000648505900008 |
Publication Date |
2021-05-04 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0003-2700 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.32 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, 6713 ; The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO) grant number 6713. The computational work was carried out using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UA), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (Department EWI), and the UA. The authors also thank J. T. Shelley for providing experimental data for the gas velocity behind the anode disk and before the mass spectrometer interface, to validate our model. |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.32 |
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Call Number |
PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:178126 |
Serial |
6762 |
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Permanent link to this record |