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“Influence of ion energy-distributions and matrix effects on spark source-mass spectrometric analysis”. Vos L, Van Grieken R, International journal of mass spectrometry and ion processes 51, 63 (1983). http://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7381(83)85029-3
Abstract: The energy distributions of ions produced in a spark source mass spectrometer were recorded for different trace element ions and for the total ion current. Both electrodes of pure doped graphite, and with 10% potassium salts added, were examined. The results show that the measured energy of an ion is mainly determined by the m/z ratio and that the energy of the total ion current depends on the sample composition. It was also clear that if the accelerating voltage is set to obtain maximum transmission of the total ion current, the fraction of the heavy elements that is discriminated at the β-slit depends on the matrix composition if the pass band of the instrument is narrow. These effects influence considerably the accuracy in the analysis of variable samples.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0020-7381(83)85029-3
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“Voltammetric assay of anti-vertigo drug betahistine hydrochloride in sodium lauryl sulphate”. Jain R, Yadav RK, Rather JA, Colloids and surfaces: A: physicochemical and engineering aspects 366, 63 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.COLSURFA.2010.05.027
Abstract: Assay and electrochemical behaviour of betahistine hydrochloride in BrittonRobinsons (BR) buffer of pH range 2.512.0 at a glassy carbon electrode have been investigated. Addition of anionic surfactant (sodium lauryl sulphate) to the betahistine hydrochloride solution containing electrolyte enhanced the reduction current signal while neutral surfactant (Tween-20) and cationic surfactant cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) showed an opposite effect. Voltammograms of betahistine hydrochloride exhibited a single wave. Based on reduction behaviour of betahistine hydrochloride, a direct square-wave voltammetric method has been developed for the assay of betahistine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical formulation. The proposed method has been validated as per ICH guideline. System and method precision in terms of RSD were 1.88% and 1.60% respectively, whereas the method accuracy was indicated by the recovery of 97.6101.9%. Reduction peak current was linear over the target concentration with correlation coefficient 0.998. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of betahistine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical formulation. The results were compared with those obtained by the reference high performance liquid chromatographic method. No significant differences were found between results of proposed and reference methods.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.COLSURFA.2010.05.027
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“Comparison of strained SiGe heterostructure-on-insulator (0 0 1) and (1 1 0) PMOSFETs : CV characteristics, mobility, and ON current”. Pham A-T, Zhao Q-T, Jungemann C, Meinerzhagen B, Mantl S, Sorée B, Pourtois G, Solid state electronics 65-66, 64 (2011). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.sse.2011.06.021
Abstract: Strained SiGe heterostructure-on-insulator (0 0 1) and (1 1 0) PMOSFETs are investigated including important aspects like CV characteristics, mobility, and ON current. The simulations are based on the self-consistent solution of 6 × 6 k · p Schrödinger Equation, multi subband Boltzmann Transport Equation and Poisson Equation, and capture size quantization, strain, crystallographic orientation, and SiGe alloy effects on a solid physical basis. The simulation results are validated by comparison with different experimental data sources. The simulation results show that the strained SiGe HOI PMOSFET with (1 1 0) surface orientation has a higher gate capacitance and a much higher mobility and ON current compared to a similar device with the traditional (0 0 1) surface orientation.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Impact Factor: 1.58
Times cited: 2
DOI: 10.1016/j.sse.2011.06.021
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“Synthesis and catalytic activity of Ti-MCM-41 nanoparticles with highly active titanium sites”. Lin K, Pescarmona PP, Vandepitte H, Liang D, Van Tendeloo G, Jacobs PA, Journal of catalysis 254, 64 (2008). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2007.11.017
Abstract: Ti-MCM-41 nanoparticles 80-160 nm in diameter (Ti-MCM-41 NP) were successfully prepared by a dilute solution route in sodium hydroxide medium at ambient temperature. Ti-MCM-41 NP were characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms, SEM, TEM. FT-IR, and UV-vis spectroscopy. The characterization results showed the existence of highly ordered hexagonal mesoporous structure and tetrahedral Ti species in Ti-MCM-41 NP. In the epoxidation of cyclohexene with aqueous H2O2, Ti-MCM-41 NP displayed higher conversion and initial reaction rate than a Ti-MCM-41 sample with normal particle size (Ti-MCM-41 LP). Diffusion of the reactants was accelerated and the accessibility to the catalytic Ti species was enhanced in the shorter channels in Ti-MCM-41 NP samples. Ti-MCM-41 NP showed much higher selectivity for cyclohexene oxide compared with Ti-MCM-41 LP, suggesting reduced hydrolysis of cyclohexene oxide with water in the former case. The increased selectivity for cyclohexene oxide can be attributed to the lower concentration of residual surface silanols in Ti-MCM-41 NP and the shorter residence time of epoxide in the shorter mesoporous channels. Ti-MCM-41 NP also appears to be a suitable catalyst in the epoxidation of a bulky substrate, like cholesterol, with tert-butyl hydroperoxide. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 6.844
Times cited: 52
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2007.11.017
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“Cu(OH)2 nanowires, CuO nanowires and CuO nanobelts”. Du GH, Van Tendeloo G, Chemical physics letters 393, 64 (2004). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2004.06.017
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.815
Times cited: 145
DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.06.017
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“Incorporation and study of SiV centers in diamond nanopillars”. Felgen N, Naydenov B, Turner S, Jelezko F, Reithmaier JP, Popov C, Diamond and related materials 64, 64 (2016). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.diamond.2016.01.011
Abstract: We report on the incorporation of SiV centers during hot filament chemical vapor deposition of diamond on top of diamond nanopillars with diameters down to 100 nm. The nanopillars themselves were prepared from nano crystalline diamond films by applying electron beam lithography and inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching. The optical investigations revealed the presence of ensembles of SiV color centers incorporated during the overgrowth step. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 2.561
Times cited: 14
DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2016.01.011
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“Negative magnetoresistance in thin superconducting films with parallel orientation of current and magnetic field”. Vodolazov DY, Berdiyorov G, Peeters FM, Physica: C : superconductivity 552, 64 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYSC.2018.07.002
Abstract: Thin superconducting films can exhibit negative magnetoresistance when an in-plane external magnetic field is aligned parallel with the transport current. We explain this effect as due to appearance of parallel vortices in the plain of the film at the first critical magnetic field H-c1 which leads to an enhancement of the superconducting properties and impedes the motion of the current induced perpendicular vortices. Our theoretical results are based on a numerical solution of the time-dependent and stationary 3D Ginzburg-Landau equations.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
Impact Factor: 1.404
Times cited: 6
DOI: 10.1016/J.PHYSC.2018.07.002
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“TiO2 photocatalysis for the degradation of pollutants in gas phase : from morphological design to plasmonic enhancement”. Verbruggen SW, Journal of photochemistry and photobiology: C: photochemistry reviews 24, 64 (2015). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.JPHOTOCHEMREV.2015.07.001
Abstract: TiO2-based photocatalysis has become a viable technology in various application fields such as (waste)water purification, photovoltaics/artificial photosynthesis, environmentally friendly organic synthesis and remediation of air pollution. Because of the increasing impact of bad air quality worldwide, this review focuses on the use and optimization of TiO2-based photocatalysts for gas phase applications. Over the past years various specific aspects of TiO2 photocatalysis have been reviewed individually. The intent of this review is to offer a broad tutorial on (recent) trends in TiO2 photocatalyst modification for the intensification of photocatalytic air treatment. After briefly introducing the fundamentals of photocatalysis, TiO2 photocatalyst modification is discussed both on a morphological and an electronic level from the perspective of gas phase applications. The main focus is laid on recent developments, but also possible opportunities to the field. This review is intended as a solid introduction for researchers new to the field, as well as a summarizing update for established investigators. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
Impact Factor: 12.317
Times cited: 121
DOI: 10.1016/J.JPHOTOCHEMREV.2015.07.001
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“Charakterystyka i wpływ zanieczyszczeń, powietrza na eksponaty w muzeach”. Kontozova-Deutsch V, Deutsch F, Krata A, Van Grieken R, Análityka , 64 (2008)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Nano- and microcrystal investigations of precipitates, interfaces and strain fields in Ni-Ti-Nb by various TEM techniques”. Schryvers D, Shi H, Martinez GT, Van Aert S, Frenzel J, Van Humbeeck J, Materials science forum
T2 –, 9th European Symposium on Martensitic Transformations (ESOMAT 2012), SEP 09-16, 2012, St Petersburg, RUSSIA 738/739, 65 (2013). http://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.738-739.65
Abstract: In the present contribution several advanced electron microscopy techniques are employed in order to describe chemical and structural features of the nano- and microstructure of a Ni45.5Ti45.5Nb9 alloy. A line-up of Nb-rich nano-precipitates is found in the Ni-Ti-rich austenite of as-cast material. Concentration changes of the matrix after annealing are correlated with changes in the transformation temperatures. The formation of rows and plates of larger Nb-rich precipitates and particles is described. The interaction of a twinned martensite plate with a Nb-rich nano-precipitate is discussed and the substitution of Nb atoms on the Ti-sublattice in the matrix is confirmed.
Keywords: P1 Proceeding; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Times cited: 2
DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.738-739.65
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“Selective imaging of the “substructures&rdquo, in incommensurately modulated intergrowth crystal structures”. Milat O, Van Tendeloo G, Amelinckx S, Ultramicroscopy 41, 65 (1992). http://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3991(92)90095-2
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 2.436
Times cited: 5
DOI: 10.1016/0304-3991(92)90095-2
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“Sur l'équilibre hydrogéochimique “solution –, suspension&rdquo, dans les systèmes hydrothermaux du socle cristallin”. Pentcheva EN, Veldeman E, Van 't dack L, Gijbels R, Doklady Bolgarskoi Akademii Nauk 49, 65 (1996)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
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“Aligning graphene in bulk copper : nacre-inspired nanolaminated architecture coupled with in-situ processing for enhanced mechanical properties and high electrical conductivity”. Cao M, Xiong D-B, Tan Z, Ji G, Amin-Ahmadi B, Guo Q, Fan G, Guo C, Li Z, Zhang D, Carbon 117, 65 (2017). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.CARBON.2017.02.089
Abstract: Methods used to strengthen metals generally also cause a pronounced decrease in ductility and electrical conductivity. In this work a bioinspired strategy is applied to surmount the dilemma. By assembling copper submicron flakes cladded with in-situ grown graphene, graphene/copper matrix composites with a nanolaminated architecture inspired by a natural nacre have been prepared. Owing to a combined effect-from the bioinspired nanolaminated architecture and improved interfacial bonding, a synergy has been achieved between mechanical strength and ductility as well as electrical conductivity in the graphene/copper matrix composites. With a low volume fraction of only 2.5% of graphene, the composite shows a yield strength and elastic modulus similar to 177% and similar to 25% higher than that of unreinforced copper matrix, respectively, while retains ductility and electrical conductivity comparable to that of pure copper. The bioinspired nanolaminated architecture enhances the efficiencies of two-dimensional (2D) graphene in mechanical strengthening and electrical conducting by aligning graphene to maximize performance for required loading and carrier transporting conditions, and toughens the composites by crack deflection. Meanwhile, in-situ growth of graphene is beneficial for improving interfacial bonding and structural quality of graphene. The strategy sheds light on the development of composites with good combined structural and functional properties. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
DOI: 10.1016/J.CARBON.2017.02.089
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“Interfaced SEM/EDX and micro-Raman spectrometry for characterisation of heterogeneous environmental particles: fundamental and practical challenges”. Worobiec A, Potgieter-Vermaak S, Brooker A, Darchuk L, Stefaniak E, Van Grieken R, Microchemical journal 94, 65 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.MICROC.2009.09.003
Abstract: The molecular character of atmospheric particulate matter is of prime importance when interpreting air pollution trends and its subsequent influence on environmental monitoring and preventative conservation. The known methods of estimating the molecular composition normally involve elemental analysis of particles (both as bulk and computer controlled analyses of single particles) with subsequent multivariate analyses to clusterise the elements in groups of elements that are closely related to each other. With this approach one can at best suggest associations. Evidently the application of molecular spectroscopy in addition to elemental concentration profiles would provide intimate information regarding the nature of the particles and consequently their fate. This paper gives an overview of research performed in our laboratory and describes the optimisation of experimental parameters to use scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray detection (SEM/EDX) or electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPXMA) in parallel with micro-Raman Spectrometry (MRS) to investigate single environmental particles. The challenges associated with the two stand-alone techniques are revealed and consequently those posed with an interfaced approach are discussed. Preliminary results, of an initial investigation of the SEM/EDX interfaced with MRS to ultra-fine heterogeneous environmental particles, are given.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
DOI: 10.1016/J.MICROC.2009.09.003
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“Micro-analysis of individual aerosol particles using electron, proton and laser beams”. de Bock LA, Jambers W, Van Grieken RE, South African journal of chemistry = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir chemie 49, 65 (1996)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Partitioning of heavy metals between estuarine sediments and dissolved phase as a function of salinity, pH and time (Scheldt estuary)”. Dekov V, van Alsenoy V, Onar N, van Put A, Van Grieken R, Geologica Balcanica 30, 65 (2001)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“L'analyse des eaux géothermales par spectrométrie de masse à, étincelles”. Vandelannoote R, Blommaert W, van Grieken R, Gijbels R, Spectra 2000: la revue de l'instrumentation 53, 66 (1979)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Hydrogen adsorption properties of platinum decorated hierarchically structured templated carbons”. Oh H, Gennett T, Atanassov P, Kurttepeli M, Bals S, Hurst KE, Hirscher M, Microporous and mesoporous materials: zeolites, clays, carbons and related materials 177, 66 (2013). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2013.04.020
Abstract: In this report, the possibility of Pt catalytic activity for the dissociation of hydrogen molecules and subsequent hydrogen adsorption on sucrose templated carbon at ambient temperature has been studied. In order to investigate Pt catalytic effect for hydrogen storage solely, 6.8 wt.% Pt-doped (Pt/TC) and pure templated carbon (TC) possessing almost identical specific surface area (SSA) and pore volume (Vp) have been successfully synthesized. Since both Pt/TC and TC shares for their textural properties (e.g. SSA and Vp), any difference of hydrogen adsorption characteristic and storage capacity can be ascribed to the presence of Pt nanoparticles. Both samples are characterized by various techniques such as powder Xray diffraction, ICP-OES, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, cryogenic thermal desorption spectroscopy, low-pressure high-resolution hydrogen and nitrogen BET and high-pressure hydrogen adsorption isotherms in a Sieverts' apparatus. By applying hydrogen and deuterium isotope mixture, cryogenic thermal desorption spectroscopy point to a Pt catalytic activity for the dissociation of hydrogen molecules. Furthermore, the hydrogen adsorption isotherms at RT indicate an enhancement of the initial hydrogen adsorption kinetics in Pt-doped system. However, the hydrogen storage capacity of Pt/TC exhibits a negligible enhancement with a strong hysteresis, suggesting no connection between the spillover effect and a feasible hydrogen storage enhancement. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.615
Times cited: 25
DOI: 10.1016/j.micromeso.2013.04.020
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“Possible (bi) polaron effects in the high-tc superconductors”. Peeters FM, Devreese JT, Verbist G, Physica scripta
T2 –, 11TH General Conf. Of the Condensed Matter Division of the European Physical Society, April 08-11, 1991, Exeter, England T39, 66 (1991). http://doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/1991/T39/007
Abstract: In the present paper, the theory of the large bipolaron is reviewed and the possibility of bipolaron formation in the high-T(c) superconductors is indicated. Operator and path-integral formulations of the large bipolaron problem are compared. In the strong-coupling limit, the effect of non-optimal upper-bounds to the single-polaron groundstate energy is emphasized. The fact that the interaction with multiple phonon branches enhances the electron-phonon interaction and might result in a larger stability region for bipolaron formation is indicated. Experimental values for the static and high-frequency dielectric constants are used to discuss the relevance of bipolaron formation as a pair-forming mechanism in the high-T(c) superconductors.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT); Theory of quantum systems and complex systems
Impact Factor: 1.126
Times cited: 29
DOI: 10.1088/0031-8949/1991/T39/007
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“Quantitative in-situ TEM nanotensile testing of single crystal Ni facilitated by a new sample preparation approach”. Samaeeaghmiyoni V, Idrissi H, Groten J, Schwaiger R, Schryvers D, Micron 94, 66 (2017). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.micron.2016.12.005
Abstract: Twin-jet electro-polishing and Focused Ion Beam (FIB) were combined to produce small size Nickel single crystal specimens for quantitative in-situ nanotensile experiments in the transmission electron microscope. The combination of these techniques allows producing samples with nearly defect-free zones in the centre in contrast to conventional FIB-prepared samples. Since TEM investigations can be performed on the electro-polished samples prior to in-situ TEM straining, specimens with desired crystallographic orientation and initial microstructure can be prepared. The present results reveal a dislocation nucleation controlled plasticity, in which small loops induced by FIB near the edges of the samples play a central role.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.98
Times cited: 11
DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2016.12.005
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“Epitaxial CVD Growth of Ultra-Thin Si Passivation Layers on Strained Ge Fin Structures”. Loo R, Arimura H, Cott D, Witters L, Pourtois G, Schulze A, Douhard B, Vanherle W, Eneman G, Richard O, Favia P, Mitard J, Mocuta D, Langer R, Collaert N, ECS journal of solid state science and technology 7, P66 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1149/2.0191802JSS
Abstract: Epitaxially grown ultra-thin Si layers are often used to passivate Ge surfaces in the high-k gate module of (strained) Ge FinFET and Gate All Around devices. We use Si4H10 as Si precursor as it enables epitaxial Si growth at temperatures down to 330 degrees. C-V characteristics of blanket capacitors made on Ge virtual substrates point to the presence of an optimal Si thickness. In case of compressively strained Ge fin structures, the Si growth results in non-uniform and high strain levels in the strained Ge fin. These strain levels have been calculated for different shapes of the Ge fin and in function of the grown Si thickness. The high strain is the driving force for potential (unwanted) Ge surface reflow during Si deposition. The Ge surface reflow is strongly affected by the strength of the H-passivation during Si-capping and can be avoided by carefully selected process conditions. (C) The Author(s) 2018. Published by ECS.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Impact Factor: 1.787
Times cited: 5
DOI: 10.1149/2.0191802JSS
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“Orientation relationship of the austenite-to-ferrite transformation in austenitic stainless steels due to dissolution corrosion in contact with liquid Pb-Bi eutectic”. Charalampopoulou E, Cautaerts N, Van der Donck T, Schryvers D, Lambrinou K, Delville R, Scripta materialia 167, 66 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCRIPTAMAT.2019.03.035
Abstract: The orientation relationship of an austenite-to-ferrite phase transformation in 316L stainless steels induced by the loss of austenite stabilizers resulting from the steel dissolution corrosion in liquid Pb-Bi eutectic was studied by means of electron backscatter diffraction. The misorientations at the austenite/ferrite interface were compared to the prevailing orientation relationship models in steels. The Pitsch orientation relationship model was found to be predominant, which is unusual for austenite-to-ferrite bulk transformations in steels. The nature of this particular transformation, which involves loss of steel alloying elements and the presence of an interfacial liquid metal layer, is discussed to explain this finding. (C) 2019 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.747
Times cited: 3
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCRIPTAMAT.2019.03.035
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“Antarctic fish versus human cytoglobins : the same but yet so different”. Cuypers B, Vermeylen S, Hammerschmid D, Trashin S, Rahemi V, Konijnenberg A, De Schutter A, Cheng C-HC, Giordano D, Verde C, De Wael K, Sobott F, Dewilde S, Van Doorslaer S, Journal of inorganic biochemistry 173, 66 (2017). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.JINORGBIO.2017.04.025
Abstract: The cytoglobins of the Antarctic fish Chaenocephalus aceratus and Dissostichus mawsoni have many features in common with human cytoglobin. These cytoglobins are heme proteins in which the ferric and ferrous forms have a characteristic hexacoordination of the heme iron, i.e. axial ligation of two endogenous histidine residues, as confirmed by electron paramagnetic resonance, resonance Raman and optical absorption spectroscopy. The combined spectroscopic analysis revealed only small variations in the heme-pocket structure, in line with the small variations observed for the redox potential. Nevertheless, some striking differences were also discovered. Resonance Raman spectroscopy showed that the stabilization of an exogenous heme ligand, such as CO, occurs differently in human cytoglobin in comparison with Antarctic fish cytoglobins. Furthermore, while it has been extensively reported that human cytoglobin is essentially monomeric and can form an intramolecular disulfide bridge that can influence the ligand binding kinetics, 3D modeling of the Antarctic fish cytoglobins indicates that the cysteine residues are too far apart to form such an intramolecular bridge. Moreover, gel filtration and mass spectrometry reveal the occurrence of non-covalent multimers (up to pentamers) in the Antarctic fish cytoglobins that are formed at low concentrations. Stabilization of these oligomers by disulfide-bridge formation is possible, but not essential. If intermolecular disulfide bridges are formed, they influence the heme-pocket structure, as is shown by EPR measurements.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Impact Factor: 3.348
Times cited: 7
DOI: 10.1016/J.JINORGBIO.2017.04.025
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“Battery pack recycling : behaviour change interventions derived from an integrative theory of planned behaviour study”. Lizin S, Van Dael M, Van Passel S, Van Dael M, Resources Conservation And Recycling 122, 66 (2017). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.RESCONREC.2017.02.003
Abstract: Belgium has passed the 45% cap, mandated by the European Union, by achieving a collection rate of over 50% in 2012. Having such a collection rate, Belgium is amongst the frontrunners in battery recycling in Europe. However, despite the efforts, about 40% of used batteries are still not properly collected. Particularly troublesome according to the national producer responsibility organization are the battery packs. In this paper we therefore investigate the drivers and barriers to battery pack drop-off intention perceived by Belgian households using an integrative model based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour. An R2 of 0.64 was found, which according to the literature on partial least squares structural equation modelling signals a moderate yet very close to substantial coefficient of determination. We find that on average perceived behavioural control and moral norms have the largest influence on the intention to drop-off used battery packs as quickly as possible. Based on the insights gained, recommendations are made for both behaviour change interventions and future research.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering Management (ENM)
Impact Factor: 3.313
Times cited: 21
DOI: 10.1016/J.RESCONREC.2017.02.003
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“Towards quantitative high resolution electron microscopy?”.Van Tendeloo G, op de Beeck M, De Meulenaere P, van Dyck D, Institute of physics conference series 147, 67 (1995)
Abstract: The basics of the interpretation of high resolution images showing detail of the order of 0.1 nm are shortly explained here. The use of a field emission source, a CCD camera and an adapted reconstruction method for restoring the projected crystal potential (focus variation method) allows a quantitative interpretation of HREM images. Examples of partially disordered alloys and carbonate ordering in high Tc superconductors are presented.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab
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“Plasma activation of methane for hydrogen production in a N2 rotating gliding arc warm plasma : a chemical kinetics study”. Zhang H, Wang W, Li X, Han L, Yan M, Zhong Y, Tu X, Chemical engineering journal 345, 67 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.CEJ.2018.03.123
Abstract: In this work, a chemical kinetics study on methane activation for hydrogen production in a warm plasma, i.e., N-2 rotating gliding arc (RGA), was performed for the first time to get new insights into the underlying reaction mechanisms and pathways. A zero-dimensional chemical kinetics model was developed, which showed a good agreement with the experimental results in terms of the conversion of CH4 and product selectivities, allowing us to get a better understanding of the relative significance of various important species and their related reactions to the formation and loss of CH4, H-2, and C2H2 etc. An overall reaction scheme was obtained to provide a realistic picture of the plasma chemistry. The results reveal that the electrons and excited nitrogen species (mainly N-2(A)) play a dominant role in the initial dissociation of CH4. However, the H atom induced reaction CH4+ H -> CH3+ H-2, which has an enhanced reaction rate due to the high gas temperature (over 1200 K), is the major contributor to both the conversion of CH4 and H-2 production, with its relative contributions of > 90% and > 85%, respectively, when only considering the forward reactions. The coexistence and interaction of thermochemical and plasma chemical processes in the rotating gliding arc warm plasma significantly enhance the process performance. The formation of C-2 hydrocarbons follows a nearly one-way path of C2H6 -> C2H4 -> C2H2, explaining why the selectivities of C-2 products decreased in the order of C2H2 > C2H4 > C2H6.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Impact Factor: 6.216
Times cited: 25
DOI: 10.1016/J.CEJ.2018.03.123
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“Imaging secondary reaction products at the surface of Vermeer's Girl with the Pearl Earring by means of macroscopic X-ray powder diffraction scanning”. De Meyer S, Vanmeert F, Vertongen R, van Loon A, Gonzalez V, van der Snickt G, Vandivere A, Janssens K, Heritage science 7, 67 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1186/S40494-019-0309-3
Abstract: The use of non-invasive macroscopic imaging techniques is becoming more prevalent in the field of cultural heritage, especially to avoid invasive procedures that damage valuable artworks. For this purpose, an X-ray powder diffraction scanner (MA-XRPD) capable of visualising crystalline compounds in a highly specific manner was recently developed. Many inorganic pigments present in paintings fall into this category of materials. In this study, the 17th century oil painting Girl with a Pearl Earring (c. 1665) by Johannes Vermeer was analysed with a combination of transmission and reflection mode MA-XRPD. By employing this scanner in reflection mode, the relative sensitivity for compounds that are present at the paint surface could be increased, establishing it as a highly relevant technique for investigating the degradation processes that are ongoing at paint surfaces. Many of the original pigments employed by Vermeer could be identified, along with four secondary alteration products: gypsum (CaSO4 center dot 2H(2)O), anglesite (PbSO4), palmierite (K2Pb(SO4)(2)) and weddellite (CaC2O4 center dot 2H(2)O). The formation of gypsum was linked to the presence of chalk in the upper glaze layer while the formation of palmierite and weddellite is driven by the presence of lake pigments (and their substrates). In this manner, MA-XRPD can also be used to pinpoint locations relevant for sampling and synchrotron mu-XRPD analysis, which provides information on the microscopic make-up of the paint. A paint cross-section taken from an area rich in palmierite was analysed with synchrotron mu-XRPD, which confirmed the presence of this secondary compound at the interface of the upper paint layer with the ground layer as well as the presence of anglesite in the ground layer. The capacity of MA-XRPD to identify and chart secondary alteration products in a non-invasive manner has only very recently been demonstrated and makes it a highly relevant technique for the assessment of the chemical condition of works of art.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
Times cited: 5
DOI: 10.1186/S40494-019-0309-3
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“Techno-economic assessment of pyrolysis char production and application : a review”. Kuppens T, Van Dael M, Vanreppelen K, Carleer R, Yperman J, Schreurs S, Van Passel S, International Conference on BioMass (iconBM 2014), 4-7 May 2014, Florence, Italy / Ranzi, Eliseo [edit.], et al. 37, 67 (2014). http://doi.org/10.3303/CET1437012
Abstract: Many organic residue streams such as pig manure are not or inefficiently used, although they can be converted into valuable materials, as well as energy, using pyrolysis. The yield of the pyrolysis products (i.e. oil, gas and char) is dependent on the process conditions and the feedstock used. Char as a soil amendment or activated carbon are interesting options for valorization of biomass residues. Here, a review is presented of the techno-economic potential of both valorization options based on literature and own experiments with wood from phytoremediation, particle board and waste from beer production. The term “biochar” is specifically used to designate pyrolysis char that is intentionally applied to soil in order to enhance its structure and fertility. Biochar applications are often also motivated by the objective of climate change mitigation. Two main disadvantages for the economic feasibility of biochar applications have been discerned. Firstly, carbon sequestration in agricultural crops and soils is not yet eligible under the Clean Development Mechanism. Secondly, the impact of biochar on crop productivity is unclear. Activated carbon (AC) seems to have interesting adsorption characteristics resulting in potentially high sales prices. A preliminary techno-economic assessment showed that AC production is preferred above oil production for wood from phytoremediation as long as the market price of 2 kEUR.t(-1) for commercially available ACs can be attained. Whenever a feedstock with high nitrogen content is available (e.g. particle board with melamine urea formaldehyde resin), even higher market prices might be attained. This study shows that valorization of the pyrolysis char might be an answer to the slow adoption of pyrolysis in commercial applications. Focus in research and development, for instance in future research with regard to pig manure valorization, should therefore be on sustainable products with high economic value and direct utilization potential.
Keywords: P1 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology
Times cited: 8
DOI: 10.3303/CET1437012
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“Environmental and economic assessment of 'open waste dump' mining in Sri Lanka”. Maheshi D, Van Passel S, Van Karel A, Resources Conservation And Recycling 102, 67 (2015). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.RESCONREC.2015.07.004
Abstract: Open waste dumps in Sri Lanka generate adverse environmental and socio-economic impacts due to inadequate maintenance. In this study, a concept of 'open waste dump mining' is suggested in order to minimise the environmental and socio-economic impacts, together with resource recovery. A model based on life cycle assessment and life cycle costing has been used to assess the environmental and economic feasibility of the suggested open waste dump mining concept. Two scenarios have been defined for a hypothetical case, dependent on the destination of the refuse derived fuel fraction. Scenario 1 comprises direct selling of refuse derived fuel as an alternative fuel to replace coal usage in the cement industry, while Scenario 2 consists of thermal treatment of refuse derived fuel with the objective of producing electricity. The study shows that both scenarios are beneficial from an environmental point of view, but not from an economic view point. However, economic profits can be obtained by adjusting waste transport distances and the price of electricity. The environmental analysis further reveals that the higher global warming potential of open waste dumps can be eliminated to a large extent by applying suggested mining and waste valorisation scenarios. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering Management (ENM)
Impact Factor: 3.313
Times cited: 26
DOI: 10.1016/J.RESCONREC.2015.07.004
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“Co-precipitation with iron hydroxide and X-ray fluorescence analysis of trace metals in water”. Chakravorty R, Van Grieken R, International journal of environmental analytical chemistry 11, 67 (1982). http://doi.org/10.1080/03067318208071563
Abstract: Preconcentration of transition trace ions by coprecipitation on iron-hydroxide has been combined with energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence for environmental water analysis. The optimized preconcentration procedure implies adding 2 mg of iron to a 200 ml water sample, adding dilute NaOH up to pH 9, filtering off on a Nuclepore membrane after a 1 h equilibration time, and analyzing. Quantitative recoveries could then be obtained for Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb, e.g. at the 10 μg/l level in waters of varying salinity while Mn was partially collected. (In fact, for a given problem the iron carrier amount can be adjusted to obtain a satisfactory compromise between high recovery and low detection limit). The precision is 7-8% at the 10 μg/l level, and the detection limits are in the 0.5-1 μg/l range. Various environmental water samples are analysed by way of illustration.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1080/03067318208071563
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