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Alves, L.L.; Bogaerts, A.; Guerra, V.; Turner, M.M. | ||||
Title | Foundations of modelling of nonequilibrium low-temperature plasmas | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2018 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 27 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 023002 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | This work explains the need for plasma models, introduces arguments for choosing the type of model that better fits the purpose of each study, and presents the basics of the most common nonequilibrium low-temperature plasma models and the information available from each one, along with an extensive list of references for complementary in-depth reading. The paper presents the following models, organised according to the level of multi-dimensional description of the plasma: kinetic models, based on either a statistical particle-in-cell/Monte-Carlo approach or the solution to the Boltzmann equation (in the latter case, special focus is given to the description of the electron kinetics); multi-fluid models, based on the solution to the hydrodynamic equations; global (spatially-average) models, based on the solution to the particle and energy rate-balance equations for the main plasma species, usually including a very complete reaction chemistry; mesoscopic models for plasma–surface interaction, adopting either a deterministic approach or a stochastic dynamical Monte-Carlo approach. For each plasma model, the paper puts forward the physics context, introduces the fundamental equations, presents advantages and limitations, also from a numerical perspective, and illustrates its application with some examples. Whenever pertinent, the interconnection between models is also discussed, in view of multi-scale hybrid approaches. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000425688600001 | Publication Date | 2018-02-20 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1361-6595 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 17 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
Notes | The authors would like to thank A Tejero-Del-Caz and A Berthelot for their technical contributions in writing the manuscript. This work was partially funded by Portuguese FCT —Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, under projects UID/ FIS/50010/2013, PTDC/FISPLA/1243/2014 (KIT-PLAS- MEBA) and PTDC/FIS-PLA/1420/2014 (PREMiERE). | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:149391 | Serial | 4810 | ||
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Bahnamiri, O.S.; Verheyen, C.; Snyders, R.; Bogaerts, A.; Britun, N. | ||||
Title | Nitrogen fixation in pulsed microwave discharge studied by infrared absorption combined with modelling | Type | A1 Journal Article;nitrogen fixation | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Plasma Sources Science & Technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 30 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 065007 |
Keywords | A1 Journal Article;nitrogen fixation; pulsed microwave discharge; FTIR spectroscopy; discharge modelling; vibrational excitation; NO yield; energy cost; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ; | ||||
Abstract | A pulsed microwave surfaguide discharge operating at 2.45 GHz was used for the conversion of molecular nitrogen into valuable compounds in several gas mixtures: N2 :O2 , N2 :O2 :CO2 and N2 :CO2 . The ro-vibrational absorption bands of the molecular species were monitored by a Fourier transform infrared apparatus in the post-discharge region in order to evaluate the relative number density of species, specifically NO production. The effects of specific energy input, pulse frequency, gas flow fraction, gas admixture and gas flow rate were studied for better understanding and optimization of the NO production yield and the corresponding energy cost (EC). By both the experiment and modelling, a highest NO yield is obtained at N2 :O2 (1:1) gas ratio in N2 :O2 mixture. The NO yield reveals a small growth followed by saturation when pulse repetition frequency increases. The energy efficiency start decreasing after the energy input reaches about 5 eV/molec, whereas the NO yield rises steadily at the same time. The lowest EC of about 8 MJ mol−1 corresponding to the yield and the energy efficiency of about 7% and 1% are found, respectively, in an optimum discharge condition in our case. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000659671000001 | Publication Date | 2021-06-01 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
Notes | Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique—FNRS, EOS O005118F ; The research is supported by the FNRS-FWO project ‘NITROPLASM’, EOS O005118F. O Samadi also acknowledges PhD student F Manaigo for cooperation in doing the additional measurements. | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:179170 | Serial | 6798 | ||
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Bal, K.M.; Huygh, S.; Bogaerts, A.; Neyts, E.C. | ||||
Title | Effect of plasma-induced surface charging on catalytic processes: application to CO2activation | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2018 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 27 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 024001 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Understanding the nature and effect of the multitude of plasma–surface interactions in plasma catalysis is a crucial requirement for further process development and improvement. A particularly intriguing and rather unique property of a plasma-catalytic setup is the ability of the plasma to modify the electronic structure, and hence chemical properties, of the catalyst through charging, i.e. the absorption of excess electrons. In this work, we develop a quantum chemical model based on density functional theory to study excess negative surface charges in a heterogeneous catalyst exposed to a plasma. This method is specifically applied to investigate plasma-catalytic CO2 activation on supported M/Al2O3 (M=Ti, Ni, Cu) single atom catalysts. We find that (1) the presence of a negative surface charge dramatically improves the reductive power of the catalyst, strongly promoting the splitting of CO2 to CO and oxygen, and (2) the relative activity of the investigated transition metals is also changed upon charging, suggesting that controlled surface charging is a powerful additional parameter to tune catalyst activity and selectivity. These results strongly point to plasma-induced surface charging of the catalyst as an important factor contributing to the plasma-catalyst synergistic effects frequently reported for plasma catalysis. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000424520100001 | Publication Date | 2018-02-07 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1361-6595 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 19 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
Notes | KMB is funded as PhD fellow (aspirant) of the FWO-Flanders (Research Foundation—Flanders), Grant 11V8915N. The computational resources and services used in this work were provided by the VSC (Flemish Supercomputer Center), funded by the FWO and the Flemish Government— department EWI. | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:149285 | Serial | 4813 | ||
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Belov, I.; Paulussen, S.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Appearance of a conductive carbonaceous coating in a CO2dielectric barrier discharge and its influence on the electrical properties and the conversion efficiency | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2016 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 25 | Issue | 25 | Pages | 015023 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | This work examines the properties of a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor, built for CO2 decomposition, by means of electrical characterization, optical emission spectroscopy and gas chromatography. The discharge, formed in an electronegative gas (such as CO2, but also O2), exhibits clearly different electrical characteristics, depending on the surface conductivity of the reactor walls. An asymmetric current waveform is observed in the metaldielectric (MD) configuration, with sparse high-current pulses in the positive half-cycle (HC) and a more uniform regime in the negative HC. This indicates that the discharge is operating in two alternating regimes with rather different properties. At high CO2 conversion regimes, a conductive coating is deposited on the dielectric. This so-called coated MD configuration yields a symmetric current waveform, with current peaks in both the positive and negative HCs. In a double-dielectric (DD) configuration, the current waveform is also symmetric, but without current peaks in both the positive and negative HC. Finally, the DD configuration with conductive coating on the inner surface of the outer dielectric, i.e. so-called coated DD, yields again an asymmetric current waveform, with current peaks in the negative HC. These different electrical characteristics are related to the presence of the conductive coating on the dielectric wall of the reactor and can be explained by an increase of the local barrier capacitance available for charge transfer. The different discharge regimes affect the CO2 conversion, more specifically, the CO2 conversion is lowest in the clean DD configuration. It is somewhat higher in the coated DD configuration, and still higher in the MD configuration. The clean and coated MD configuration, however, gave similar CO2 conversion. These results indicate that the conductivity of the dielectric reactor walls can highly promote the development of the high-amplitude discharge current pulses and subsequently the CO2 conversion. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000370974800030 | Publication Date | 2016-01-21 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 25 | Open Access | |
Notes | The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN) under Grant Agreement № 606889 (RAPID—Reactive Atmospheric Plasma processIng—eDucation network). | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302 | ||
Call Number | c:irua:130790 | Serial | 4006 | ||
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Author ![]() |
Berthelot, A.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Modeling of plasma-based CO2conversion: lumping of the vibrational levels | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2016 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 25 | Issue | 25 | Pages | 045022 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Although CO2 conversion by plasma technology is gaining increasing interest, the underlying mechanisms for an energy-efficient process are still far from understood. In this work, a reduced non-equilibrium CO2 plasma chemistry set, based on level lumping of the vibrational levels, is proposed and the reliability of this level-lumping method is tested by a self-consistent zero-dimensional code. A severe reduction of the number of equations to be solved is achieved, which is crucial to be able to model non-equilibrium CO2 plasmas by 2-dimensional models. Typical conditions of pressure and power used in a microwave plasma for CO2 conversion are investigated. Several different sets, using different numbers of lumped groups, are considered. The lumped models with 1, 2 or 3 groups are able to reproduce the gas temperature, electron density and electron temperature profiles, as calculated by the full model treating all individual excited levels, in the entire pressure range investigated. Furthermore, a 3-groups model is also able to reproduce the shape of the vibrational distribution function (VDF) and gives the most reliable prediction of the CO2 conversion. A strong influence of the vibrational excitation on the plasma characteristics is observed. Finally, the limitations of the lumped-levels method are discussed. |
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000380380200036 | Publication Date | 2016-07-08 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 33 | Open Access | |
Notes | This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 606889 and it was also carried out in the framework of the network on Physical Chemistry of Plasma-Surface Interactions—Interuniversity Attraction Poles, phase VII (PSI-IAP7) supported by the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO). The computational work was carried out using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UA), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UA. | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302 | ||
Call Number | c:irua:134397 | Serial | 4101 | ||
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Berthelot, A.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Modeling of CO2plasma: effect of uncertainties in the plasma chemistry | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2017 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 26 | Issue | 11 | Pages | 115002 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Low-temperature plasma chemical kinetic models are particularly important to the plasma community. These models typically require dozens of inputs, especially rate coefficients. The latter are not always precisely known and it is not surprising that the error on the rate coefficient data can propagate to the model output. In this paper, we present a model that uses N = 400 different combinations of rate coefficients based on the uncertainty attributed to each rate coefficient, giving a good estimation of the uncertainty on the model output due to the rate coefficients. We demonstrate that the uncertainty varies a lot with the conditions and the type of output. Relatively low uncertainties (about 15%) are found for electron density and temperature, while the uncertainty can reach more than an order of magnitude for the population of the vibrational levels in some cases and it can rise up to 100% for the CO2 conversion. The reactions that are mostly responsible for the largest uncertainties are identified. We show that the conditions of pressure, gas temperature and power density have a great effect on the uncertainty and on which reactions lead to this uncertainty. In all the cases tested here, while the absolute values may suffer from large uncertainties, the trends observed in previous modeling work are still valid. Finally, in accordance with the work of Turner, a number of ‘good practices’ is recommended. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000413216500002 | Publication Date | 2017-10-18 | |
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1361-6595 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 16 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
Notes | We acknowledge financial support from the European Unions Seventh Framework Program for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement n◦ 606889. The calculations were carried out using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UA), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UA. | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:146879c:irua:146642 | Serial | 4758 | ||
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Biondo, O.; Fromentin, C.; Silva, T.; Guerra, V.; van Rooij, G.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Insights into the limitations to vibrational excitation of CO2: validation of a kinetic model with pulsed glow discharge experiments | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2022 | Publication | Plasma Sources Science & Technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 31 | Issue | 7 | Pages | 074003 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Vibrational excitation represents an efficient channel to drive the dissociation of CO<sub>2</sub>in a non-thermal plasma. Its viability is investigated in low-pressure pulsed discharges, with the intention of selectively exciting the asymmetric stretching mode, leading to stepwise excitation up to the dissociation limit of the molecule. Gas heating is crucial for the attainability of this process, since the efficiency of vibration–translation (V–T) relaxation strongly depends on temperature, creating a feedback mechanism that can ultimately thermalize the discharge. Indeed, recent experiments demonstrated that the timeframe of V–T non-equilibrium is limited to a few milliseconds at ca. 6 mbar, and shrinks to the<italic>μ</italic>s-scale at 100 mbar. With the aim of backtracking the origin of gas heating in pure CO<sub>2</sub>plasma, we perform a kinetic study to describe the energy transfers under typical non-thermal plasma conditions. The validation of our kinetic scheme with pulsed glow discharge experiments enables to depict the gas heating dynamics. In particular, we pinpoint the role of vibration–vibration–translation relaxation in redistributing the energy from asymmetric to symmetric levels of CO<sub>2</sub>, and the importance of collisional quenching of CO<sub>2</sub>electronic states in triggering the heating feedback mechanism in the sub-millisecond scale. This latter finding represents a novelty for the modelling of low-pressure pulsed discharges and we suggest that more attention should be paid to it in future studies. Additionally, O atoms convert vibrational energy into heat, speeding up the feedback loop. The efficiency of these heating pathways, even at relatively low gas temperature and pressure, underpins the lifetime of V–T non-equilibrium and suggests a redefinition of the optimal conditions to exploit the ‘ladder-climbing’ mechanism in CO<sub>2</sub>discharges. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000839466500001 | Publication Date | 2022-07-01 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.8 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
Notes | Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, PLA/0076/2021 ; H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, 813393 ; This research was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 813393 (PIONEER). V Guerra and T Silva were partially funded by the Portuguese ‘FCT-Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia’, under Projects UIDB/50010/2020, UIDP/50010/2020, PTDC/FISPLA/1616/2021 and EXPL/FIS-PLA/0076/2021. The calculations were performed using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UAntwerpen), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UAntwerpen. | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.8 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:190008 | Serial | 7106 | ||
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Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Comprehensive modelling network for dc glow discharges in argon | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 1999 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 8 | Issue | Pages | 210-229 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
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Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
Language | Wos | 000080660600004 | Publication Date | 2002-08-25 | |
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 27 | Open Access | |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 1999 IF: 2.038 | |||
Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:24129 | Serial | 451 | ||
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Bogaerts, A.; Berthelot, A.; Heijkers, S.; Kolev, S.; Snoeckx, R.; Sun, S.; Trenchev, G.; Van Laer, K.; Wang, W. | ||||
Title | CO2conversion by plasma technology: insights from modeling the plasma chemistry and plasma reactor design | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2017 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 26 | Issue | 26 | Pages | 063001 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | In recent years there has been growing interest in the use of plasma technology for CO2 conversion. To improve this application, a good insight into the underlying mechanisms is of great importance. This can be obtained from modeling the detailed plasma chemistry in order to understand the chemical reaction pathways leading to CO2 conversion (either in pure form or mixed with another gas). Moreover, in practice, several plasma reactor types are being investigated for CO2 conversion, so in addition it is essential to be able to model these reactor geometries so that their design can be improved, and the most energy efficient CO2 conversion can be achieved. Modeling the detailed plasma chemistry of CO2 conversion in complex reactors is, however, very time-consuming. This problem can be overcome by using a combination of two different types of model: 0D chemical reaction kinetics models are very suitable for describing the detailed plasma chemistry, while the characteristic features of different reactor geometries can be studied by 2D or 3D fluid models. In the first instance the latter can be developed in argon or helium with a simple chemistry to limit the calculation time; however, the ultimate aim is to implement the more complex CO2 chemistry in these models. In the present paper, examples will be given of both the 0D plasma chemistry models and the 2D and 3D fluid models for the most common plasma reactors used for CO2 conversion in order to emphasize the complementarity of both approaches. Furthermore, based on the modeling insights, the paper discusses the possibilities and limitations of plasma-based CO2 conversion in different types of plasma reactors, as well as what is needed to make further progress in this field. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000412173700001 | Publication Date | 2017-05-15 | |
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1361-6595 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 26 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
Notes | We would like to thank T Silva, N Britoun, Th Godfroid and R Snyders (Université de Mons and Materia Nova Research Center), A Ozkan, Th Dufour and F Reniers (Université Libre de Bruxelles) andK Van Wesenbeeck and S Lenaerts (University of Antwerp) for providingexperimental data to validate our models. Furthermore, we acknowledge the financial support from the IAP/7 (Inter-university Attraction Pole) program ‘PSI-Physical Chemistry of Plasma-Surface Interactions’ by the Belgian Federal Office for Science Policy (BELSPO), the Francqui Research Foundation, the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no. 606889, the European Marie Skłodowska- Curie Individual Fellowship project ‘GlidArc’ within Horizon2020, the Methusalem financing of the University of Antwerp, the Fund for Scientific Research, Flanders (FWO; grant nos. G.0383.16N and 11U5316N) and the Institute for the Promotion of Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT Flanders). The calculations were carried out using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UAntwerpen), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UAntwerpen. | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @ c:irua:144429 | Serial | 4614 | ||
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Bogaerts, A.; Gijbels, R. | ||||
Title | The ion- and atom-induced secondary electron emission yield: numerical study for the effect of clean and dirty cathode surfaces | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2002 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 11 | Issue | Pages | 27-36 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
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Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
Language | Wos | 000174336300003 | Publication Date | 2002-08-25 | |
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 51 | Open Access | |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2002 IF: 1.816 | |||
Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:40184 | Serial | 1739 | ||
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Bogaerts, A.; Neyts, E.C.; Guaitella, O.; Murphy, A.B. | ||||
Title | Foundations of plasma catalysis for environmental applications | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2022 | Publication | Plasma Sources Science & Technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Plasma catalysis is gaining increasing interest for various applications, but the underlying mechanisms are still far from understood. Hence, more fundamental research is needed to understand these mechanisms. This can be obtained by both modelling and experiments. This foundations paper describes the fundamental insights in plasma catalysis, as well as efforts to gain more insights by modelling and experiments. Furthermore, it discusses the state-of-the-art of the major plasma catalysis applications, as well as successes and challenges of technology transfer of these applications. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000804396200001 | Publication Date | 2022-03-21 | |
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ISSN | 0963-0252 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.8 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
Notes | H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, 823745 ; H2020 European Research Council, 810182 ; We acknowldege financial support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme (Grant Agreement No. 810182 – SCOPE ERC Synergy project) and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 813393 (PIONEER). | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.8 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:188539 | Serial | 7070 | ||
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Bogaerts, A.; Okhrimovskyy, A.; Baguer, N.; Gijbels, R. | ||||
Title | Hollow cathode discharges with gas flow: numerical modelling for the effect on the sputtered atoms and the deposition flux | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2005 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 14 | Issue | Pages | 191-200 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
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Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
Language | Wos | 000227652500021 | Publication Date | 2005-02-05 | |
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ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 9 | Open Access | |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2005 IF: 1.798 | |||
Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:50478 | Serial | 1480 | ||
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Bogaerts, A.; Wang, W.; Berthelot, A.; Guerra, V. | ||||
Title | Modeling plasma-based CO2conversion: crucial role of the dissociation cross section | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2016 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 25 | Issue | 25 | Pages | 055016 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Plasma-based CO2 conversion is gaining increasing interest worldwide. A large research effort is devoted to improving the energy efficiency. For this purpose, it is very important to understand the underlying mechanisms of the CO2 conversion. The latter can be obtained by computer modeling, describing in detail the behavior of the various plasma species and all relevant chemical processes. However, the accuracy of the modeling results critically depends on the accuracy of the assumed input data, like cross sections. This is especially true for the cross section of electron impact dissociation, as the latter process is believed to proceed through electron impact excitation, but it is not clear from the literature which excitation channels effectively lead to dissociation. Therefore, the present paper discusses the effect of different electron impact dissociation cross sections reported in the literature on the calculated CO2 conversion, for a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and a microwave (MW) plasma. Comparison is made to experimental data for the DBD case, to elucidate which cross section might be the most realistic. This comparison reveals that the cross sections proposed by Itikawa and by Polak and Slovetsky both seem to underestimate the CO2 conversion. The cross sections recommended by Phelps with thresholds of 7 eV and 10.5 eV yield a CO2 conversion only slightly lower than the experimental data, but the sum of both cross sections overestimates the values, indicating that these cross sections represent dissociation, but most probably also include other (pure excitation) channels. Our calculations indicate that the choice of the electron impact dissociation cross section is crucial for the DBD, where this process is the dominant mechanism for CO2 conversion. In the MW plasma, it is only significant at pressures up to 100 mbar, while it is of minor importance for higher pressures, when dissociation proceeds mainly through collisions of CO2 with heavy particles. |
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000384030600001 | Publication Date | 2016-08-31 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1361-6595 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 57 | Open Access | |
Notes | The authors would like to thank R Snoeckx and S Heijkers for the interesting discussions. This research was supported by the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no. 606889, the European Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship project ‘GlidArc’ within Horizon2020, the FWO project (grant G.0383.16N), and the Network on Physical Chemistry of Plasma-Surface Interactions—Interuniversity Attraction Poles, phase VII (PSI-IAP7), supported by the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO). The computational work was carried out using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UA), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UA. VG was partially supported by the Portuguese FCT— Fundação para a Ci | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302 | ||
Call Number | c:irua:135070 | Serial | 4111 | ||
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Bruggeman, P.J.; Kushner, M.J.; Locke, B.R.; Gardeniers, J.G.E.; Graham, W.G.; Graves, D.B.; Hofman-Caris, R.C.H.M.; Maric, D.; Reid, J.P.; Ceriani, E.; Fernandez Rivas, D.; Foster, J.E.; Garrick, S.C.; Gorbanev, Y.; Hamaguchi, S.; Iza, F.; Jablonowski, H.; Klimova, E.; Kolb, J.; Krcma, F.; Lukes, P.; Machala, Z.; Marinov, I.; Mariotti, D.; Mededovic Thagard, S.; Minakata, D.; Neyts, E.C.; Pawlat, J.; Petrovic, Z.L.; Pflieger, R.; Reuter, S.; Schram, D.C.; Schröter, S.; Shiraiwa, M.; Tarabová, B.; Tsai, P.A.; Verlet, J.R.R.; von Woedtke, T.; Wilson, K.R.; Yasui, K.; Zvereva, G. | ||||
Title | Plasma–liquid interactions: a review and roadmap | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2016 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 25 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 053002 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Plasma–liquid interactions represent a growing interdisciplinary area of research involving plasma science, fluid dynamics, heat and mass transfer, photolysis, multiphase chemistry and aerosol science. This review provides an assessment of the state-of-the-art of this multidisciplinary area and identifies the key research challenges. The developments in diagnostics, modeling and further extensions of cross section and reaction rate databases that are necessary to address these challenges are discussed. The review focusses on nonequilibrium plasmas. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000384715400001 | Publication Date | 2016-09-30 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1361-6595 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 460 | Open Access | |
Notes | This manuscript originated from discussions at the Lorentz Center Workshop ‘Gas/Plasma–Liquid Interface: Transport, Chemistry and Fundamental Data’ that took place at the Lorentz Center, Leiden University in the Netherlands from August 4, through August 8, 2014, and follow-up discussions since the workshop. All authors acknowledge the support of the Lorentz Center, the COST action TD1208 (Electrical Discharges with Liquids for Future Applications) and the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences for their financial support. PJB, MJK, DBG and JEF acknowledge the support of the ‘Center on Control of Plasma Kinetics’ of the United States Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Science (DE-SC0001319). In addition, PJB and BRL acknowledge the support of the National Science Foundation (PHY 1500135 and CBET 1236225, respectively). In addition the enormous help of Mrs. Victoria Piorek (University of Minnesota) in the formatting of the final document including the references is gratefully acknowledged. | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @ c:irua:144654 | Serial | 4628 | ||
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Bultinck, E.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Characterization of an Ar/O2 magnetron plasma by a multi-species Monte Carlo model | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2011 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 20 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 045013-045013,12 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | A combined Monte Carlo (MC)/analytical surface model is developed to study the plasma processes occurring during the reactive sputter deposition of TiOx thin films. This model describes the important plasma species with a MC approach (i.e. electrons, Ar+ ions, {\rm O}_2 | ||||
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Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
Language | Wos | 000295829800015 | Publication Date | 2011-06-14 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 7 | Open Access | |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2011 IF: 2.521 | |||
Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:89732 | Serial | 316 | ||
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De Bie, C.; Martens, T.; van Dijk, J.; Paulussen, S.; Verheyde, B.; Corthals, S.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Dielectric barrier discharges used for the conversion of greenhouse gases: modeling the plasma chemistry by fluid simulations | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2011 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 20 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 024008,1-024008,11 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | The conversion of methane to value-added chemicals and fuels is considered to be one of the challenges of the 21st century. In this paper we study, by means of fluid modeling, the conversion of methane to higher hydrocarbons or oxygenates by partial oxidation with CO2 or O2 in a dielectric barrier discharge. Sixty-nine different plasma species (electrons, ions, molecules, radicals) are included in the model, as well as a comprehensive set of chemical reactions. The calculation results presented in this paper include the conversion of the reactants and the yields of the reaction products as a function of residence time in the reactor, for different gas mixing ratios. Syngas (i.e. H2 + CO) and higher hydrocarbons (C2Hx) are typically found to be important reaction products. | ||||
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Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
Language | Wos | 000290719900009 | Publication Date | 2011-04-02 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 38 | Open Access | |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2011 IF: 2.521 | |||
Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:87868 | Serial | 689 | ||
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Georgieva, V.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Plasma characteristics of an Ar/CF4/N2 discharge in an asymmetric dual frequency reactor: numerical investigation by a PIC/MC model | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2006 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 15 | Issue | Pages | 368-377 | |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
Language | Wos | 000240655500010 | Publication Date | 2006-04-28 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 35 | Open Access | |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2006 IF: 2.346 | |||
Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:57550 | Serial | 2630 | ||
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Kelly, S.; van de Steeg, A.; Hughes, A.; van Rooij, G.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Thermal instability and volume contraction in a pulsed microwave N2plasma at sub-atmospheric pressure | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Plasma Sources Science & Technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 30 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 055005 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | We studied the evolution of an isolated pulsed plasma in a vortex flow stabilised microwave (MW) discharge in N2 at 25 mbar via the combination of 0D kinetics modelling, iCCD imaging and laser scattering diagnostics. Quenching of electronically excited N2 results in fast gas heating and the onset of a thermal-ionisation instability, contracting the discharge volume. The onset of a thermal-ionisation instability driven by vibrational excitation pathways is found to facilitate significantly higher N2 conversion (i.e. dissociation to atomic N2 ) compared to pre-instability conditions, emphasizing the potential utility of this dynamic in future fixation applications. The instability onset is found to be instigated by super-elastic heating of the electron energy distribution tail via vibrationally excited N2 . Radial contraction of the discharge to the skin depth is found to occur post instability, while the axial elongation is found to be temporarily contracted during the thermal instability onset. An increase in power reflection during the thermal instability onset eventually limits the destabilising effects of exothermic electronically excited N2 quenching. Translational and vibrational temperature reach a quasi-non-equilibrium after the discharge contraction, with translational temperatures reaching ∼1200 K at the pulse end, while vibrational temperatures are found in near equilibrium with the electron energy (1 eV, or ∼11 600 K). This first description of the importance of electronically excited N2 quenching in thermal instabilities gives an additional fundamental understanding of N2 plasma behaviour in pulsed MW context, and thereby brings the eventual implementation of this novel N2 fixation method one step closer. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000648710900001 | Publication Date | 2021-05-01 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | Open Access | OpenAccess | |
Notes | Stichting voor de Technische Wetenschappen, 733.000.002 ; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, 30505023 GoF9618n ; H2020 European Research Council, 810182 ; H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, 813393 838181 ; SK & AB acknowledge financial support by the European Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship ‘PENFIX’ within Horizon 2020 (Grant No. 838181), the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No. 810182—SCOPE ERC Synergy project), and the Excellence of Science FWO-FNRS project (FWO Grant ID GoF9618n, EOS ID 30505023). The calculations were performed using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UAntwerpen), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Centre VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UAntwerpen. SK and AB would like to thank Mr Luc van ’t dack, Dr Karen Leyssens and Ing. Karel Venken for their technical assistance. AvdS, AH and GvR are grateful to Ampleon for the use of their solid-state microwave amplifier units and acknowledge financial support from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO Grant No. 733.000.002) in the framework of the CO2 -to-products programme with kind support from Shell, and the ENW PPP Fund for the top sectors. This project has been partially funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme ‘Pioneer’ under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 813393. | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:178122 | Serial | 6759 | ||
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Kolev, S.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | A 2D model for a gliding arc discharge | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2015 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 24 | Issue | 24 | Pages | 015025 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | In this study we report on a 2D fluid model of a gliding arc discharge in argon. Despite the 3D nature of the discharge, 2D models are found to be capable of providing very useful information about the operation of the discharge. We employ two modelsan axisymmetric and a Cartesian one. We show that for the considered experiment and the conditions of a low current arc (around 30 mA) in argon, there is no significant heating of the cathode surface and the discharge is sustained by field electron emission from the cathode accompanied by the formation of a cathode spot. The obtained discharge power and voltage are relatively sensitive to the surface properties and particularly to the surface roughness, causing effectively an amplification of the normal electric field. The arc body and anode region are not influenced by this and depend mainly on the current value. The gliding of the arc is modelled by means of a 2D Cartesian model. The arcelectrode contact points are analysed and the gliding mechanism along the electrode surface is discussed. Following experimental observations, the cathode spot is simulated as jumping from one point to another. A complete arc cycle is modelled from initial ignition to arc decay. The results show that there is no interaction between the successive gliding arcs. | ||||
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Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
Language | Wos | 000348298200026 | Publication Date | 2014-12-23 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 34 | Open Access | |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2015 IF: 3.591 | |||
Call Number | c:irua:122538 c:irua:122538 c:irua:122538 c:irua:122538 | Serial | 3 | ||
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Author ![]() |
Kolev, S.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Similarities and differences between gliding glow and gliding arc discharges | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2015 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 24 | Issue | 24 | Pages | 065023 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | In this work we have analyzed the properties of a gliding dc discharge in argon at atmospheric pressure. Despite the usual designation of these discharges as ‘gliding arc discharges’, it was found previously that they operate in two different regimes—glow and arc. Here we analyze the differences in both regimes by means of two dimensional fluid modeling. In order to address different aspects of the discharge operation, we use two models—Cartesian and axisymmetric in a cylindrical coordinate system. The obtained results show that the two types of discharges produce a similar plasma column for a similar discharge current. However, the different mechanisms of plasma channel attachment to the cathode could produce certain differences in the plasma parameters (i.e. arc elongation), and this can affect gas treatments applications. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000368117100028 | Publication Date | 2015-11-26 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 12 | Open Access | |
Notes | This work is financially supported by the Methusalem financing and by the IAP/7 (Inter-university Attraction Pole) program ‘Physical Chemistry of Plasma-Surface Interactions’ from the Belgian Federal Office for Science Policy (BELSPO). The work was carried out in part using the Turing HPC infrastructure of the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen, a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the Universiteit Antwerpen | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2015 IF: 3.591 | ||
Call Number | c:irua:129214 | Serial | 3952 | ||
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Kolev, S.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Three-dimensional modeling of energy transport in a gliding arc discharge in argon | Type | A1 Journal Article | ||
Year | 2018 | Publication | Plasma Sources Science & Technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 27 | Issue | 12 | Pages | 125011 |
Keywords | A1 Journal Article; gliding arc discharge, sliding arc discharge, energy transport, fluid plasma model, atmospheric pressure plasmas; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ; | ||||
Abstract | In this work we study energy transport in a gliding arc discharge with two diverging flat electrodes in argon gas at atmospheric pressure. The discharge is ignited at the shortest electrode gap and it is pushed downstream by a forced gas flow. The current values considered are relatively low and therefore a non-equilibrium plasma is produced. We consider two cases, i.e. with high and low discharge current (28 mA and 2.8mA), and a constant gas flow of 10 lmin −1 , with a significant turbulent component to the velocity. The study presents an analysis of the various energy transport mechanisms responsible for the redistribution of Joule heating to the plasma species and the moving background gas. The objective of this work is to provide a general understanding of the role of the different energy transport mechanisms in arc formation and sustainment, which can be used to improve existing or new discharge designs. The work is based on a three-dimensional numerical model, combining a fluid plasma model, the shear stress transport Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes turbulent gas flow model, and a model for gas thermal balance. The obtained results show that at higher current the discharge is constricted within a thin plasma column several hundred kelvin above room temperature, while in the low- current discharge the combination of intense convective cooling and low Joule heating prevents discharge contraction and the plasma column evolves to a static non-moving diffusive plasma, continuously cooled by the flowing gas. As a result, the energy transport in the two cases is determined by different mechanisms. At higher current and a constricted plasma column, the plasma column is cooled mainly by turbulent transport, while at low current and an unconstricted plasma, the major cooling mechanism is energy transport due to non-turbulent gas convection. In general, the study also demonstrates the importance of turbulent energy transport in redistributing the Joule heating in the arc and its significant role in arc cooling and the formation of the gas temperature profile. In general, the turbulent energy transport lowers the average gas temperature in the arc, thus allowing additional control of thermal non-equilibrium in the discharge. |
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000454555600005 | Publication Date | 2018-12-28 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1361-6595 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | Open Access | Not_Open_Access | |
Notes | This work was supported by the European Regional Devel- opment Fund within the Operational Programme ’Science and Education for Smart Growth 2014 – 2020’ under the Project CoE ’National center of mechatronics and clean technologies’ BG05M2OP001-1.001-0008-C01, and by the Flemish Fund for Scientific Research (FWO); grant no G.0383.16N. | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:155973 | Serial | 5140 | ||
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Kozák, T.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Evaluation of the energy efficiency of CO2 conversion in microwave discharges using a reaction kinetics model | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2015 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 24 | Issue | 24 | Pages | 015024 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | We use a zero-dimensional reaction kinetics model to simulate CO2 conversion in microwave discharges where the excitation of the vibrational levels plays a significant role in the dissociation kinetics. The model includes a description of the CO2 vibrational kinetics, taking into account state-specific VT and VV relaxation reactions and the effect of vibrational excitation on other chemical reactions. The model is used to simulate a general tubular microwave reactor, where a stream of CO2 flows through a plasma column generated by microwave radiation. We study the effects of the internal plasma parameters, namely the reduced electric field, electron density and the total specific energy input, on the CO2 conversion and its energy efficiency. We report the highest energy efficiency (up to 30%) for a specific energy input in the range 0.41.0 eV/molecule and a reduced electric field in the range 50100 Td and for high values of the electron density (an ionization degree greater than 10−5). The energy efficiency is mainly limited by the VT relaxation which contributes dominantly to the vibrational energy losses and also contributes significantly to the heating of the reacting gas. The model analysis provides useful insight into the potential and limitations of CO2 conversion in microwave discharges. | ||||
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Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
Language | Wos | 000348298200025 | Publication Date | 2014-12-23 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 100 | Open Access | |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2015 IF: 3.591 | |||
Call Number | c:irua:122243 | Serial | 1087 | ||
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Author ![]() |
Kozák, T.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Splitting of CO2 by vibrational excitation in non-equilibrium plasmas : a reaction kinetics model | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2014 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 23 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 045004 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | We present a zero-dimensional kinetic model of CO2 splitting in non-equilibrium plasmas. The model includes a description of the CO2 vibrational kinetics (25 vibrational levels up to the dissociation limit of the molecule), taking into account state-specific VT and VV relaxation reactions and the effect of vibrational excitation on other chemical reactions. The model is applied to study the reaction kinetics of CO2 splitting in an atmospheric-pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and in a moderate-pressure microwave discharge. The model results are in qualitative agreement with published experimental works. We show that the CO2 conversion and its energy efficiency are very different in these two types of discharges, which reflects the important dissociation mechanisms involved. In the microwave discharge, excitation of the vibrational levels promotes efficient dissociation when the specific energy input is higher than a critical value (2.0 eV/molecule under the conditions examined). The calculated energy efficiency of the process has a maximum of 23%. In the DBD, vibrationally excited levels do not contribute significantly to the dissociation of CO2 and the calculated energy efficiency of the process is much lower (5%). | ||||
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Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
Language | Wos | 000345761500014 | Publication Date | 2014-06-17 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 170 | Open Access | |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2014 IF: 3.591 | |||
Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:117398 | Serial | 3108 | ||
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Liu, Y.-X.; Zhang, Q.-Z.; Liu, L.; Song, Y.-H.; Bogaerts, A.; Wang, Y.-N. | ||||
Title | Electron bounce resonance heating in dual-frequency capacitively coupled oxygen discharges | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2013 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 22 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 025012-11 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | The electron bounce resonance heating (BRH) in dual-frequency capacitively coupled plasmas operated in oxygen is studied by different experimental methods and a particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision (PIC/MCC) simulation, and compared with the electropositive argon discharge. In comparison with argon, the experimental results show that in an oxygen discharge the resonance peaks in positive-ion density and light intensity tend to occur at larger electrode gaps. Moreover, at electrode gaps L > 2.5 cm, the positive-ion (and electron) density and the light emission drop monotonically in the oxygen discharge upon increasing L, whereas they rise (after an initial drop) in the argon case. At resonance gap the electronegativity reaches its maximum due to the BRH. All these experimental observations are explained by PIC/MCC simulations, which show that in the oxygen discharge the bulk electric field becomes quite strong and is out of phase with the sheath field. Therefore, it retards the resonance electrons when traversing the bulk, resulting in a suppressed BRH. Both experiment and simulation results show that this effect becomes more pronounced at lower high-frequency power, when the discharge mode changes from electropositive to electronegative. In a pure oxygen discharge, the BRH is suppressed with increasing pressure and almost diminishes at 12 Pa. Finally, the driving frequency significantly affects the BRH, because it determines the phase relation between bulk electric field and sheath electric field. | ||||
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Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
Language | Wos | 000317275400014 | Publication Date | 2013-03-18 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 20 | Open Access | |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2013 IF: 3.056 | |||
Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:106534 | Serial | 911 | ||
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Author ![]() |
Ozkan, A.; Dufour, T.; Bogaerts, A.; Reniers, F. | ||||
Title | How do the barrier thickness and dielectric material influence the filamentary mode and CO2conversion in a flowing DBD? | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2016 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 25 | Issue | 25 | Pages | 045016 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | Dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) are commonly used to generate cold plasmas at atmospheric pressure. Whatever their configuration (tubular or planar), the presence of a dielectric barrier is mandatory to prevent too much charge build up in the plasma and the formation of a thermal arc. In this article, the role of the barrier thickness (2.0, 2.4 and 2.8 mm) and of the kind of dielectric material (alumina, mullite, pyrex, quartz) is investigated on the filamentary behavior in the plasma and on the CO2 conversion in a tubular flowing DBD, by means of mass spectrometry measurements correlated with electrical characterization and IR imaging. Increasing the barrier thickness decreases the capacitance, while preserving the electrical charge. As a result, the voltage over the dielectric increases and a larger number of microdischarges is generated, which enhances the CO2 conversion. Furthermore, changing the dielectric material of the barrier, while keeping the same geometry and dimensions, also affects the CO2 conversion. The highest CO2 conversion and energy efficiency are obtained for quartz and alumina, thus not following the trend of the relative permittivity. From the electrical characterization, we clearly demonstrate that the most important parameters are the somewhat higher effective plasma voltage (yielding a somewhat higher electric field and electron energy in the plasma) for quartz, as well as the higher plasma current (and thus larger electron density) and the larger number of microdischarge filaments (mainly for alumina, but also for quartz). The latter could be correlated to the higher surface roughness for alumina and to the higher voltage over the dielectric for quartz. |
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000380380200030 | Publication Date | 2016-06-30 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 24 | Open Access | |
Notes | The authors acknowledge financial support from the IAPVII/ 12, P7/34 (Inter-university Attraction Pole) program ‘PSI-Physical Chemistry of Plasma-Surface Interactions’, financially supported by the Belgian Federal Office for Science Policy (BELSPO). A. Ozkan would like to thank the financial support given by ‘Fonds David et Alice Van Buuren’. | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302 | ||
Call Number | c:irua:134396 | Serial | 4100 | ||
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Ozkan, A.; Dufour, T.; Silva, T.; Britun, N.; Snyders, R.; Bogaerts, A.; Reniers, F. | ||||
Title | The influence of power and frequency on the filamentary behavior of a flowing DBD—application to the splitting of CO2 | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2016 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 25 | Issue | 25 | Pages | 025013 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | In this experimental study, a flowing dielectric barrier discharge operating at atmospheric pressure is used for the splitting of CO2 into O2 and CO. The influence of the applied frequency and plasma power on the microdischarge properties is investigated to understand their role on the CO2 conversion. Electrical measurements are carried out to explain the conversion trends and to characterize the microdischarges through their number, their lifetime, their intensity and the induced electrical charge. Their influence on the gas and electrode temperatures is also evidenced through optical emission spectroscopy and infrared imaging. It is shown that, in our configuration, the conversion depends mostly on the charge delivered in the plasma and not on the effective plasma voltage when the applied power is modified. Similarly, at constant total current, a better conversion is observed at low frequencies, where a less filamentary discharge regime with a higher effective plasma voltage than that at a higher frequency is obtained. |
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000372337900015 | Publication Date | 2016-02-25 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 40 | Open Access | |
Notes | The authors acknowledge financial support from the IAPVII/ 12, P7/34 (Inter-university Attraction Pole) program ‘PSI-Physical Chemistry of Plasma-Surface Interactions’, financially supported by the Belgian Federal Office for Science Policy (BELSPO). A Ozkan would like to thank the financial support given by ‘Fonds David et Alice Van Buuren’. N Britun is a postdoctoral researcher of the F.R.S.-FNRS, Belgium. | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302 | ||
Call Number | c:irua:131904 | Serial | 4021 | ||
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Author ![]() |
Ozkan, A.; Dufour, T.; Silva, T.; Britun, N.; Snyders, R.; Reniers, F.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | DBD in burst mode: solution for more efficient CO2conversion? | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2016 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 25 | Issue | 25 | Pages | 055005 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | CO2 conversion into value-added products has gained significant interest over the few last years, as the greenhouse gas concentrations constantly increase due to anthropogenic activities. Here we report on experiments for CO2 conversion by means of a cold atmospheric plasma using a cylindrical flowing dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor. A detailed comparison of this DBD ignited in a so-called burst mode (i.e. where an AC voltage is applied during a limited amount of time) and pure AC mode is carried out to evaluate their effect on the conversion of CO2 as well as on the energy efficiency. Decreasing the duty cycle in the burst mode from 100% (i.e. corresponding to pure AC mode) to 40% leads to a rise in the conversion from 16–26% and to a rise in the energy efficiency from 15 to 23%. Based on a detailed electrical analysis, we show that the conversion correlates with the features of the microfilaments. Moreover, the root-mean-square voltage in the burst mode remains constant as a function of the process time for the duty cycles <70%, while a higher duty cycle or the usual pure AC mode leads to a clear voltage decay by more than 500 V, over approximately 90 s, before reaching a steady state regime. The higher plasma voltage in the burst mode yields a higher electric field. This causes the increasing the electron energy, and therefore their involvement in the CO2 dissociation process, which is an additional explanation for the higher CO2 conversion and energy efficiency in the burst mode. |
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | Wos | 000403945500005 | Publication Date | 2016-08-02 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1361-6595 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 17 | Open Access | |
Notes | The authors acknowledge financial support from the IAPVII/ 12, P7/34 (Inter-university Attraction Pole) program ‘PSI-Physical Chemistry of Plasma-Surface Interactions’, financially supported by the Belgian Federal Office for Science Policy (BELSPO). A. Ozkan would also like to thank financial support given by ‘Fonds David et Alice Van Buuren’. | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302 | ||
Call Number | c:irua:134841 | Serial | 4107 | ||
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Paulussen, S.; Verheyde, B.; Tu, X.; De Bie, C.; Martens, T.; Petrovic, D.; Bogaerts, A.; Sels, B. | ||||
Title | Conversion of carbon dioxide to value-added chemicals in atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharges | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2010 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 19 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 034015,1-034015,6 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | The aim of this work consists of the evaluation of atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharges for the conversion of greenhouse gases into useful compounds. Therefore, pure CO2 feed flows are administered to the discharge zone at varying discharge frequency, power input, gas temperature and feed flow rates, aiming at the formation of CO and O2. The discharge obtained in CO2 is characterized as a filamentary mode with a microdischarge zone in each half cycle of the applied voltage. It is shown that the most important parameter affecting the CO2-conversion levels is the gas flow rate. At low flow rates, both the conversion and the CO-yield are significantly higher. In addition, also an increase in the gas temperature and the power input give rise to higher conversion levels, although the effect on the CO-yield is limited. The optimum discharge frequency depends on the power input level and it cannot be unambiguously stated that higher frequencies give rise to increased conversion levels. A maximum CO2 conversion of 30% is achieved at a flow rate of 0.05 L min−1, a power density of 14.75 W cm−3 and a frequency of 60 kHz. The most energy efficient conversions are achieved at a flow rate of 0.2 L min−1, a power density of 11 W cm−3 and a discharge frequency of 30 kHz. | ||||
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Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
Language | Wos | 000277982800016 | Publication Date | 2010-05-22 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 116 | Open Access | |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2010 IF: 2.218 | |||
Call Number | UA @ lucian @ c:irua:82408 | Serial | 512 | ||
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Peerenboom, K.; Parente, A.; Kozák, T.; Bogaerts, A.; Degrez, G. | ||||
Title | Dimension reduction of non-equilibrium plasma kinetic models using principal component analysis | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2015 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 24 | Issue | 24 | Pages | 025004 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | The chemical complexity of non-equilibrium plasmas poses a challenge for plasma modeling because of the computational load. This paper presents a dimension reduction method for such chemically complex plasmas based on principal component analysis (PCA). PCA is used to identify a low-dimensional manifold in chemical state space that is described by a small number of parameters: the principal components. Reduction is obtained since continuity equations only need to be solved for these principal components and not for all the species. Application of the presented method to a CO2 plasma model including state-to-state vibrational kinetics of CO2 and CO demonstrates the potential of the PCA method for dimension reduction. A manifold described by only two principal components is able to predict the CO2 to CO conversion at varying ionization degrees very accurately. | ||||
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Publisher | Institute of Physics | Place of Publication | Bristol | Editor | |
Language | Wos | 000356816200008 | Publication Date | 2015-01-27 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0963-0252;1361-6595; | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 11 | Open Access | |
Notes | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302; 2015 IF: 3.591 | |||
Call Number | c:irua:123534 | Serial | 704 | ||
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Ramakers, M.; Medrano, J.A.; Trenchev, G.; Gallucci, F.; Bogaerts, A. | ||||
Title | Revealing the arc dynamics in a gliding arc plasmatron: a better insight to improve CO2conversion | Type | A1 Journal article | ||
Year | 2017 | Publication | Plasma sources science and technology | Abbreviated Journal | Plasma Sources Sci T |
Volume | 26 | Issue | 12 | Pages | 125002 |
Keywords | A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) | ||||
Abstract | A gliding arc plasmatron (GAP) is very promising for CO2 conversion into value-added chemicals, but to further improve this important application, a better understanding of the arc behavior is indispensable. Therefore, we study here for the first time the dynamic arc behavior of the GAP by means of a high-speed camera, for different reactor configurations and in a wide range of operating conditions. This allows us to provide a complete image of the behavior of the gliding arc. More specifically, the arc body shape, diameter, movement and rotation speed are analyzed and discussed. Clearly, the arc movement and shape relies on a number of factors, such as gas turbulence, outlet diameter, electrode surface, gas contraction and buoyance force. Furthermore, we also compare the experimentally measured arc movement to a state-of-the-art 3D-plasma model, which predicts the plasma movement and rotation speed with very good accuracy, to gain further insight in the underlying mechanisms. Finally, we correlate the arc dynamics with the CO2 conversion and energy efficiency, at exactly the same conditions, to explain the effect of these parameters on the CO2 conversion process. This work is important for understanding and optimizing the GAP for CO2 conversion. | ||||
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Language | Wos | 000414675000001 | Publication Date | 2017-11-07 | |
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1361-6595 | ISBN | Additional Links | UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles | |
Impact Factor | 3.302 | Times cited | 7 | Open Access | OpenAccess |
Notes | This work was supported by the Belgian Federal Office for Science Policy (BELSPO) and the Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO; grant numbers G.0383.16N and 11U5316N). | Approved | Most recent IF: 3.302 | ||
Call Number | PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:147023 | Serial | 4761 | ||
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