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Author (down) Van Gaens, W.; Bogaerts, A. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Kinetic modelling for an atmospheric pressure argon plasma jet in humid air Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2013 Publication Journal of physics: D: applied physics Abbreviated Journal J Phys D Appl Phys  
  Volume 46 Issue 27 Pages 275201-275253  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract A zero-dimensional, semi-empirical model is used to describe the plasma chemistry in an argon plasma jet flowing into humid air, mimicking the experimental conditions of a setup from the Eindhoven University of Technology. The model provides species density profiles as a function of the position in the plasma jet device and effluent. A reaction chemistry set for an argon/humid air mixture is developed, which considers 84 different species and 1880 reactions. Additionally, we present a reduced chemistry set, useful for higher level computational models. Calculated species density profiles along the plasma jet are shown and the chemical pathways are explained in detail. It is demonstrated that chemically reactive H, N, O and OH radicals are formed in large quantities after the nozzle exit and H2, O2(1Δg), O3, H2O2, NO2, N2O, HNO2 and HNO3 are predominantly formed as 'long living' species. The simulations show that water clustering of positive ions is very important under these conditions. The influence of vibrational excitation on the calculated electron temperature is studied. Finally, the effect of varying gas temperature, flow speed, power density and air humidity on the chemistry is investigated.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication London Editor  
  Language Wos 000320854700009 Publication Date 2013-06-18  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0022-3727;1361-6463; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.588 Times cited 115 Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 2.588; 2013 IF: 2.521  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:108725 Serial 1758  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Gaens, W.; Bogaerts, A. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Reaction pathways of biomedically active species in an Ar plasma jet Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication Plasma sources science and technology Abbreviated Journal Plasma Sources Sci T  
  Volume 23 Issue 3 Pages 035015-35027  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract In this paper we analyse the gas phase production and loss pathways for several biomedically active species, i.e. N2(A), O, O3, O2(a), N, H, HO2, OH, NO, NO2, N2O5, H2O2, HNO2 and HNO3, in an argon plasma jet flowing into an open humid air atmosphere. For this purpose, we employ a zero-dimensional reaction kinetics model to mimic the typical experimental conditions by fitting several parameters to experimentally measured values. These include ambient air diffusion, the gas temperature profile and power deposition along the jet effluent. We focus in detail on how the pathways of the biomedically active species change as a function of the position in the effluent, i.e. inside the discharge device, active plasma jet effluent and afterglow region far from the nozzle. Moreover, we demonstrate how the reaction kinetics and species production are affected by different ambient air humidities, total deposited power into the plasma and gas temperature along the jet. It is shown that the dominant pathways can drastically change as a function of the distance from the nozzle exit or experimental conditions.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Institute of Physics Place of Publication Bristol Editor  
  Language Wos 000337891900017 Publication Date 2014-05-22  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0963-0252;1361-6595; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 3.302 Times cited 34 Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 3.302; 2014 IF: 3.591  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:117075 Serial 2820  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Gaens, W. openurl 
  Title Plasma chemistry modelling of an atmospheric pressure argon plasma jet with air impurities for plasma medicine applications Type Doctoral thesis
  Year 2014 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Doctoral thesis; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Antwerpen Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date 0000-00-00  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:121049 Serial 2632  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Eyndhoven, G.; Kurttepeli, M.; van Oers, C.J.; Cool, P.; Bals, S.; Batenburg, K.J.; Sijbers, J. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Pore REconstruction and Segmentation (PORES) method for improved porosity quantification of nanoporous materials Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2015 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 148 Issue 148 Pages 10-19  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA)  
  Abstract Electron tomography is currently a versatile tool to investigate the connection between the structure and properties of nanomaterials. However, a quantitative interpretation of electron tomography results is still far from straightforward. Especially accurate quantification of pore-space is hampered by artifacts introduced in all steps of the processing chain, i.e., acquisition, reconstruction, segmentation and quantification. Furthermore, most common approaches require subjective manual user input. In this paper, the PORES algorithm POre REconstruction and Segmentation is introduced; it is a tailor-made, integral approach, for the reconstruction, segmentation, and quantification of porous nanomaterials. The PORES processing chain starts by calculating a reconstruction with a nanoporous-specific reconstruction algorithm: the Simultaneous Update of Pore Pixels by iterative REconstruction and Simple Segmentation algorithm (SUPPRESS). It classifies the interior region to the pores during reconstruction, while reconstructing the remaining region by reducing the error with respect to the acquired electron microscopy data. The SUPPRESS reconstruction can be directly plugged into the remaining processing chain of the PORES algorithm, resulting in accurate individual pore quantification and full sample pore statistics. The proposed approach was extensively validated on both simulated and experimental data, indicating its ability to generate accurate statistics of nanoporous materials.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000345973000002 Publication Date 2014-08-23  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 7 Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Colouratom; ECAS_Sara; (ROMEO:green; preprint:; postprint:can ; pdfversion:cannot); Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2015 IF: 2.436  
  Call Number c:irua:119083 Serial 2672  
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Author (down) Van Eyndhoven, G.; Batenburg, K.J.; van Oers, C.; Kurttepeli, M.; Bals, S.; Cool, P.; Sijbers, J. openurl 
  Title Reliable pore-size measurements based on a procedure specifically designed for electron tomography measurements of nanoporous samples Type P3 Proceeding
  Year 2014 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords P3 Proceeding; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication S.l. Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date 0000-00-00  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:124548 Serial 2866  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Eynde, E.; Tytgat, T.; Smits, M.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Hauchecorne, B.; Lenaerts, S. doi  openurl
  Title Biotemplated diatom silica-titania materials for air purification Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2013 Publication Photochemical & photobiological sciences Abbreviated Journal Photoch Photobio Sci  
  Volume 12 Issue 4 Pages 690-695  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)  
  Abstract We present a novel manufacture route for silicatitania photocatalysts using the diatom microalga Pinnularia sp. Diatoms self-assemble into porous silica cell walls, called frustules, with periodic micro-, meso- and macroscale features. This unique hierarchical porous structure of the diatom frustule is used as a biotemplate to incorporate titania by a solgel methodology. Important material characteristics of the modified diatom frustules under study are morphology, crystallinity, surface area, pore size and optical properties. The produced biosilicatitania material is evaluated towards photocatalytic activity for NOx abatement under UV radiation. This research is the first step to obtain sustainable, well-immobilised silicatitania photocatalysts using diatoms.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000316572500016 Publication Date 2012-10-25  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1474-905x; 1474-9092 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.344 Times cited 18 Open Access  
  Notes ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 2.344; 2013 IF: 2.939  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:106625 Serial 5930  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Eynde, E.; Tytgat, T.; Smits, M.; Verbruggen, S.; Hauchecorne, B.; Blust, R.; Lenaerts, S. openurl 
  Title Diatom silica-titania materials for photocatalytic air purification Type A2 Journal article
  Year 2013 Publication Communications in agricultural and applied biological sciences Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages 141-147  
  Keywords A2 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1379-1176 ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:105334 Serial 5943  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Eynde, E.; Lenaerts, S. isbn  openurl
  Title Diatom silica-titania materials for photocatalytic air purification Type H3 Book chapter
  Year 2012 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 240-241  
  Keywords H3 Book chapter; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-989-97667-4-7 Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:105335 Serial 5944  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Eynde, E.; Lenaerts, B.; Tytgat, T.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Hauchecorne, B.; Blust, R.; Lenaerts, S. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Effect of pretreatment and temperature on the properties of Pinnularia biosilica frustules Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2014 Publication RSC advances Abbreviated Journal Rsc Adv  
  Volume 4 Issue Pages 56200-56206  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)  
  Abstract Diatoms are unicellular microalgae that self-assemble an intricate porous silica cell wall, called frustule. Diatom frustules possess a unique combination of physical and chemical properties (chemical inertness, high mechanical strength, large surface area, low density, good porosity and highly ordered features on the nano-to-micro scale) making diatom frustules suited for many nanotechnological applications. For most proposed applications the organic material covering the frustules needs to be removed. In this paper we investigate the effect of different frustule cleaning methods (drying, autoclavation, SDS/EDTA treatment, H2O2 treatment and HNO3 treatment) and subsequent heat treatment at different temperatures (105 °C, 350 °C, 550 °C and 750 °C) on the material characteristics of the diatom Pinnularia sp. Material characteristics under study are morphology, surface area, pore size, elemental composition and organic content. The cleaned Pinnularia frustules are subsequently investigated as adsorbents to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000344997800060 Publication Date 2014-10-23  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2046-2069 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 3.108 Times cited 10 Open Access  
  Notes ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 3.108; 2014 IF: 3.840  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:121377 Serial 5945  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Eynde, E.; Lenaerts, B.; Tytgat, T.; Blust, R.; Lenaerts, S. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Valorization of flue gas by combining photocatalytic gas pretreatment with microalgae production Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2016 Publication Environmental science and technology Abbreviated Journal Environ Sci Technol  
  Volume 50 Issue 5 Pages 2538-2545  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)  
  Abstract Utilization of flue gas for algae cultivation seems to be a promising route because flue gas from fossil-fuel combustion processes contains the high amounts of carbon (CO2) and nitrogen (NO) that are required for algae growth. NO is a poor nitrogen source for algae cultivation because of its low reactivity and solubility in water and its toxicity for algae at high concentrations. Here, we present a novel strategy to valorize NO from flue gas as feedstock for algae production by combining a photocatalytic gas pretreatment unit with a microalgal photobioreactor. The photocatalytic air pretreatment transforms NO gas into NO2 gas and thereby enhances the absorption of NO in the cultivation broth. The absorbed NOx will form NO2- and NO3- that can be used as a nitrogen source by algae. The effect of photocatalytic air pretreatment on the growth and biomass productivity of the algae Thalassiosira weissflogii in a semicontinuous system aerated with a model flue gas (1% CO2 and 50 ppm of NO) is investigated during a long-term experiment. The integrated system makes it possible to produce algae with NO from flue gas as the sole nitrogen source and reduces the NOx content in the exhaust gas by 84%.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000371371700048 Publication Date 2016-02-03  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0013-936x; 1520-5851 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 6.198 Times cited 6 Open Access  
  Notes ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 6.198  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:132348 Serial 6003  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Eynde, E.; Hu, Z.-Y.; Tytgat, T.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Watte, J.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Van Driessche, I.; Blust, R.; Lenaerts, S. doi  openurl
  Title Diatom silica-titania photocatalysts for air purification by bio-accumulation of different titanium sources Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2016 Publication Environmental science : nano Abbreviated Journal Environ Sci-Nano  
  Volume 3 Issue 5 Pages 1052-1061  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)  
  Abstract We present a green, biological production route for silica-titania photocatalysts using diatom microalgae. Diatoms are single-celled, eukaryotic microalgae (2-2000 mu m) that self-assemble soluble silicon (Si(OH)(4)) into intricate silica cell walls, called frustules. These diatom frustules are formed under ambient conditions and consist of hydrated silica with specific 3D morphologies and micro-meso or macroporosity. A remarkable characteristic of diatoms is their ability to bioaccumulate soluble titanium from cell culture medium and incorporate them into their nanostructured silica cell wall. Controlled cultivation of the diatom Pinnularia sp. on soluble titanium in a batch process resulted in the biological immobilisation of titanium dioxide in the porous 3D architecture of the frustules. Six different titanium sources are tested. The silica-titania frustules were isolated by treating the harvested Pinnularia cells with nitric acid (65%) or by high temperature treatment. Thermal annealing converted the amorphous titania into crystalline titania. The produced silica-titania material is evaluated towards photocatalytic activity for acetaldehyde (C2H4O) abatement. Frustules cultivated with TiBaldH showed the highest photocatalytic performance. Comparison of the photocatalytic activity with P25 reveals that P25 has a 4 fold higher photocatalytic activity, but when photocatalytic activity is normalized for titania content, the frustules show double activity. Further material characterization (morphology, crystallinity, surface area and elemental distribution) of the TiBaldH silica-titania frustules provides additional insight into their structure-activity relationship. These natural biosilicatitania materials have excellent properties for photocatalytic purposes, including high surface area (108 m(2) g(-1)) and good porosity, and show reliable immobilization of TiO2 in the ordered structure of the diatom frustule.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Royal Society of Chemistry Place of Publication Cambridge Editor  
  Language Wos 000385257900011 Publication Date 2016-07-21  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2051-8153; 2051-8161 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 6.047 Times cited 7 Open Access  
  Notes ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 6.047  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:144751 Serial 4644  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Eynde, E. isbn  openurl
  Title Biotemplate silica-titania diatoms for gas phase photocatalysis Type Doctoral thesis
  Year 2015 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 184 p.  
  Keywords Doctoral thesis; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-90-5728-500-4 Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:130503 Serial 7564  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Everbroeck, T.; Wu, J.; Arenas-Esteban, D.; Ciocarlan, R.-G.; Mertens, M.; Bals, S.; Dujardin, C.; Granger, P.; Seftel, E.M.; Cool, P. url  doi
openurl 
  Title ZnAl layered double hydroxide based catalysts (with Cu, Mn, Ti) used as noble metal-free three-way catalysts Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2022 Publication Applied clay science Abbreviated Journal Appl Clay Sci  
  Volume 217 Issue Pages 106390  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000795870100004 Publication Date 2022-01-02  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0169-1317 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 5.6 Times cited 6 Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes The authors acknowledge financial support by theEuropean Union’s Horizon 2020 Project Partial-PGMs (H2020-NMP-686086). R-G C. and P.C. acknowledge the FWO-Flanders (project no. G038215N) for financial support. S⋅B and D.A.E thank the financial support of the European Research Council (ERC-CoG-2019 815128). The authors are grateful to Johnson Matthey, UK, for supplying the commercial benchmark catalysts; realnano; sygmaSB Approved Most recent IF: 5.6  
  Call Number EMAT @ emat @c:irua:186956 Serial 6955  
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Author (down) van Espen, P.; Van 't dack, L.; Adams, F.; Van Grieken, R. doi  openurl
  Title Effective sample weight from scatter peaks in energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1979 Publication Analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 51 Issue 7 Pages 961-967  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos A1979GW66100047 Publication Date 2005-03-16  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-2700; 5206-882x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:111404 Serial 7841  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) van Espen, P.; Janssens, K.; Nobels, J. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title AXIL-PC, software for the analysis of complex-x-ray spectra Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1986 Publication Chemometrics and intelligent laboratory systems Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages 109-114  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos A1986K579000015 Publication Date 2002-07-25  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0169-7439 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:149781 Serial 5487  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) van Espen, P.; Janssens, K. openurl 
  Title Spectrum evaluation Type H3 Book chapter
  Year 1992 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume chapter 4 Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:2809 Serial 5842  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Echelpoel, R.; Schram, J.; Parrilla, M.; Daems, D.; Slosse, A.; Van Durme, F.; De Wael, K. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Electrochemical methods for on-site multidrug detection at festivals Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2022 Publication Sensors & Diagnostics Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages 793-802  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab)  
  Abstract Two electrochemical methodologies, i.e. flowchart and dual-sensor, were developed to aid law enforcement present at festivals to obtain a rapid indication of the presence of four illicit drugs in suspicious samples encountered.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date 2022-06-01  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:188521 Serial 8856  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Echelpoel, R.; Parrilla, M.; Sleegers, N.; Thiruvottriyur Shanmugam, S.; van Nuijs, A.L.N.; Slosse, A.; Van Durme, F.; De Wael, K. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Validated portable device for the qualitative and quantitative electrochemical detection of MDMA ready for on-site use Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2023 Publication Microchemical journal Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 190 Issue Pages 108693-10  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Toxicological Centre; Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab)  
  Abstract Identifying and quantifying 3,4-methyl​enedioxy​methamphetamine (MDMA) on-site in suspected illicit drug samples, whether it be at recreational settings or manufacturing sites, is a major challenge for law enforcement agencies (LEAs). Various analytical techniques exist to fulfil this goal, e.g. colourimetry and portable spectroscopic techniques, each having its specific limitations (e.g. low accuracy, fluorescence, no quantification) and strengths (e.g. fast, easy to use). In this work, for the first time, an electrochemical MDMA sensor is presented to become a detection tool that can realistically be used on-site. More specifically, the use of a single buffer solution and an unmodified screen-printed electrode, along with the integration of a data analysis algorithm and mobile application permits the straightforward on-site identification and quantification of MDMA in suspicious samples. Multiple studies investigating different parameters, including pH, concentration, reproducibility, temperature and binary mixture analyses, were executed. To fully understand all the occurring redox processes, liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis of partially electrolyzed MDMA samples was performed unravelling oxidation of the methylenedioxy group. Validation of the methodology was executed on 15 MDMA street samples analysed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and compared with the performance of a commercial portable Raman and Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) device. The novel methodology outperformed the spectroscopic techniques, correctly identifying all 15 street samples. Additionally, the electrochemical sensor predicted the purity of the tablets with a mean absolute error of 2.3%. Overall, this new, electrochemical detection strategy provides LEAs the rapid, low-cost, on-site detection and quantification of MDMA in suspicious samples, without requiring specialized training.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000977060400001 Publication Date 2023-03-31  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0026-265x; 0026-265x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 4.8 Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 4.8; 2023 IF: 3.034  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:195415 Serial 8952  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Echelpoel, R.; Kranenburg, R.; van Asten, A.; De Wael, K. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Electrochemical detection of MDMA and 2C-B in ecstasy tablets using a selectivity enhancement strategy by in-situ derivatization Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2022 Publication Forensic chemistry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 27 Issue Pages 100383  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab)  
  Abstract Forensic drug laboratories are confronted with increasing amounts of drugs and a demand for faster results that are directly available on-site. In addition, the drug market is getting more complex with hundreds of new psychoactive substances (NPS) entering the market in recent years. Rapid and on-scene presumptive drug testing therefore faces a shift from manual colorimetric tests towards approaches that can detect a wider range of components and process results automatically. Electrochemical detection offers these desired characteristics, making it a suitable candidate for on-site drug detection. In this study, a two-step electrochemical sensor is introduced for the detection of MDMA and 2C-B. Firstly, a direct electrochemical analysis was performed to detect MDMA. Validation experiments on over 70 substances revealed that 2C-B was the only frequently encountered drug that gave a false positive result for MDMA in this first analysis. A second step using in-situ derivatization was subsequently introduced. To this end, formaldehyde was used for N-methylation of 2C-B thereby enhancing its electrochemical profile. The enriched electrochemical fingerprint in the second step allowed for clear differentiation between MDMA and 2C-B. The applicability of this approach was demonstrated with 71 ecstasy tablets seized by the Amsterdam Police. The MDMA/2C-B sensor correctly identified all 39 MDMA-containing tablets and 10 out of 11 tablets containing 2C-B. Most notably, correct results were also obtained for dark colored tablets in which both spectroscopic analysis and colorimetric tests failed due to obscured signals.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000725708200002 Publication Date 2021-11-23  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2468-1709 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.7 Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 2.7  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:183340 Serial 7149  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Echelpoel, R.; De Wael, K. doi  openurl
  Title Voltammetric drug testing makes sense at the border Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2024 Publication Nature Reviews Chemistry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-2  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab)  
  Abstract The European BorderSens project leverages voltammetric sensors, developed with end-users' input, to rapidly and accurately detect illicit drugs. By embracing practicalities and validation, this technology has the potential to combat the illicit drug problem.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 001142000900001 Publication Date 2024-01-12  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2397-3358 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access Not_Open_Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:202646 Serial 9112  
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Author (down) Van Echelpoel, R.; de Jong, M.; Daems, D.; van Espen, P.; De Wael, K. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Unlocking the full potential of voltammetric data analysis : a novel peak recognition approach for (bio)analytical applications Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2021 Publication Talanta Abbreviated Journal Talanta  
  Volume 233 Issue Pages 122605  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract Bridging the gap between complex signal data output and clear interpretation by non-expert end-users is a major challenge many scientists face when converting their scientific technology into a real-life application. Currently, pattern recognition algorithms are the most frequently encountered signal data interpretation algorithms to close this gap, not in the least because of their straight-forward implementation via convenient software packages. Paradoxically, just because their implementation is so straight-forward, it becomes cumbersome to integrate the expert's domain-specific knowledge. In this work, a novel signal data interpretation approach is presented that uses this domain-specific knowledge as its fundament, thereby fully exploiting the unique expertise of the scientist. The new approach applies data preprocessing in an innovative way that transcends its usual purpose and is easy to translate into a software application. Multiple case studies illustrate the straight-forward application of the novel approach. Ultimately, the approach is highly suited for integration in various (bio)analytical applications that require interpretation of signal data.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000668000500108 Publication Date 2021-06-11  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0039-9140; 1873-3573 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 4.162 Times cited Open Access OpenAccess  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 4.162  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:179417 Serial 8712  
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Author (down) Van Echelpoel, R. url  isbn
openurl 
  Title Making an impact with voltammetric illicit drug sensors : bridging the gap between fundamental lab research and on-site application Type Doctoral thesis
  Year 2023 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages xxviii, 194 p.  
  Keywords Doctoral thesis; Pharmacology. Therapy; Engineering sciences. Technology; Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab)  
  Abstract Illicit drugs are harmful substances, posing a threat to the health and safety of society. Policies, such as supply reduction and harm reduction, are in place to combat the illicit drug problem. Science can play a substantial role in this fight, by providing tools that enable these policies to be successfully enforced. One example are on-site detection tools, i.e. sensors that allow the on-site identification of an illicit drug in a sample of interest. Several technologies, such as color tests and portable spectroscopic techniques, are currently employed for this goal. Although these are valuable techniques, there is an opportunity for voltammetry, an electrochemical technique, to make an impactful addition to this repertoire of on-site detection tools. Despite its attractive features (low-cost, portable, short analysis time, indifference to color,...), voltammetric illicit drug sensor have failed to make an impact in real scenarios. The work outlined in this PhD thesis aims to change this by bringing the technology from the lab to the field. Strategic choices, fueled by feedback from end-users, were made to further develop those specific aspects of the technology that previously haltered the technology to fulfill its potential. A detection algorithm was introduced that converts the voltammetric output into a clear-cut interpretation thereof, opening up the technology to end-users without prior knowledge of the technology. A sensor that allows qualitative and quantitative detection of the psychoactive drug MDMA was introduced, and importantly, validated on a large set of 212 confiscated samples. A state-of-the art mobile application and adequate sampling methodology were developed, alongside other, often more practical studies and product developments, to evolve the technology into a product that truly creates value for end-users. Important steps towards multidrug detection were made with a festival sensor and a flowchart based on visual appearance that ties together a variety of voltammetric single sensors into a single multidrug sensing approach. Last but not least, multiple valorization aspects were researched, including a market study and an analysis to determine the optimal commercialization strategy. Overall, this PhD thesis has facilitated the transition of the voltammetric illicit drug sensing technology from lab to on-site application. The final application creates value for end-users, and is ready to make an impact in real on-site scenarios.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 987-90-5728-534-7 Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:200601 Serial 9055  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Dyck, P.M.; Van Grieken, R.E. doi  openurl
  Title Absorption correction via scattered radiation in energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis for samples of variable composition and thickness Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1980 Publication Analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 52 Issue 12 Pages 1859-1864  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos A1980KJ65700021 Publication Date 2005-03-08  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-2700; 5206-882x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:116516 Serial 7410  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Dyck, P.M.; Török, S.B.; Van Grieken, R.E. doi  openurl
  Title Enhancement effect in X-ray fluorescence analysis of environmental samples of medium thickness Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1986 Publication Analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 58 Issue 8 Pages 1761-1766  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos A1986C955500040 Publication Date 2005-03-08  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-2700; 5206-882x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:116522 Serial 7915  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Dyck, P.; Van Grieken, R. openurl 
  Title Automated energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis for diverse environmental samples Type H3 Book chapter
  Year 1982 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 315-324 T2 - Analytical techniques in environmenta  
  Keywords H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:117484 Serial 7536  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Dyck, P.; Van Grieken, R. doi  openurl
  Title Automated matrix-correction of line ratios in energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrum deconvolution Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1983 Publication X-ray spectrometry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 111-114  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract Most computer XRF-spectrum deconvolution routines make use of fixed intensity ratios for the lines from one element. The magnitude of the error that fixed ratios imply has been quantitatively evaluated for samples with a varible thickness or matrix. A procedure for routinely adapting the line ratios according to the matrix effect in every sample (by making use of the matrix information present in the scatter peaks) enhances the accuracy of the spectrum evaluation.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos A1983RA69700004 Publication Date 2005-05-28  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0049-8246 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:116484 Serial 7539  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Dyck, P.; Török, S.; Van Grieken, R. doi  openurl
  Title Monte Carlo simulation of backscattered peaks in secondary target energy-dispersive X-ray spectra Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1986 Publication X-ray spectrometry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 15 Issue 4 Pages 231-238  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract A Monte Carlo simulation has been developed to describe the incoherent and coherent scatter processes for the complex geometry of a secondary target energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence system. Photons are followed from the x-ray tube anode until the detection of scattered secondary target photons in the active Si layer of the detector. The program quantitatively shows the broadening of the incoherent scatter peak with increasing atomic number, and it models the incoherent peak shape adequately. The incoherent-to-coherent scatter intensity ratios obtained differ by 1030% from the theoretical values, while their dependence on the sample atomic number corresponds to that expected from theory.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos A1986E535600001 Publication Date 2005-05-28  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0049-8246 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:113612 Serial 8280  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Dyck, P.; Storms, H.; Van Grieken, R. doi  openurl
  Title Automated quantitative electron-microprobe analysis of particulate material Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1984 Publication Journal de physique Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 45 Issue C:2 Pages 781-784  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract An automated electron microprobe, equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer and an additional backscattered electron signal digitalization system, can allow rapid sizing and major element analysis on numerous particles. A software package has been developed to exploit the particle size and shape information to achieve quantitative analysis of single particles, and to compare the performance of the different matrix correction procedures.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos A1984SQ01400181 Publication Date 2007-08-21  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0302-0738 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:113620 Serial 7540  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Dyck, P.; Markowicz, A.; Van Grieken, R. doi  openurl
  Title Automatic absorption correction in x-ray fluorescence analysis of intermediate thickness samples using a dual external reference signal Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1980 Publication X-ray spectrometry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 9 Issue 2 Pages 70-76  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract A method has been investigated which allows calculations from the X-ray fluorescence spectra of the absorption coefficients at any energy for any sample, without any additional measurement. Use is made of the ratio of the characteristic X-ray signals from a Zr wire positioned in front of the sample and from a Pd foil placed behind the sample, both in a fixed geometry. From the experimentally measured absorption coefficient at the Pd L energy (2.9 keV), the coefficients for higher energies are calculated. By the use of an iterative computer routine in which corrections for the enhancement of the Pd foil by the sample are also included, an accuracy of 2% or better on the absorption coefficient determination can be reached for homogenous samples in one measurement. Grain-size and heterogeneity effects induce inaccuracies on the absorption coefficient determinations which might well reach 20% for particulate samples like intermediate thickness deposits of geological materials. This approach thus has the same limitations as the classical transmission method for such heterogeneous samples.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos A1980JN16500007 Publication Date 2005-05-28  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0049-8246 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:116483 Serial 7541  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Van Dyck, P.; Markowicz, A.; Van Grieken, R. doi  openurl
  Title Influence of sample thickness, excitation energy and geometry on particle size effects in XRF Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1985 Publication X-ray spectrometry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 183-187  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract Expressions are presented for calculating the matrix effect and the pure particle size effect in the XRF analysis of particulate samples with a discrete particle size. The equations are based on the absorption-weighted radiometric diameter concept. Two excitationdetection geometries are considered, with the angles between the sample plane and both the incident and emerging radiation being either 90° (π geometry) or 45° (π/2 geometry). Calculations were made for different sample loadings and exciting radiation energies. The influence of these parameters on the matrix and pure particle size effects is shown. From the results, it is possible to predict the performances of alternative experimental correction procedures for the particle size effect, involving dual measurements at different excitation energies or in different excitationdetection geometries.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos A1985ATB6100007 Publication Date 2005-05-28  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0049-8246 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:116486 Serial 8097  
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