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“Morphological characterization and distribution of autocatalytic-grown Ni4Ti3 precipitates in a Ni-Ti single crystal”. Cao S, Ke CB, Zhang XP, Schryvers D, Journal of alloys and compounds 577, 215 (2013). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.02.013
Abstract: The 3D size, morphology and distribution of autocatalytic-grown Ni4Ti3 precipitates in a Ni51Ti49 single crystal were characterized via a FIB/SEM Slice-and-View procedure and phase-field simulation. Important parameters on size and shape of the precipitates were measured. The pair distribution function and the minimum distance between two precipitates from different variants were calculated to describe the 3D distribution of the autocatalytic-grown Ni4Ti3 precipitates in single crystal Ni-Ti, with a comparison to the polycrystalline Ni50.8Ti49.2 alloy. Phase-field simulation was conducted to study the nucleation behavior of precipitates in the single crystal Ni-Ti. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.133
Times cited: 5
DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.02.013
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“Recent EM investigations on nano-and micro-defect structures in SMAs”. Schryvers D, Cao S, Pourbabak, Shi H, Lu, Journal of alloys and compounds 577, S705 (2013). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2011.10.112
Abstract: The present contribution reviews some recent electron microscopy investigations on different shape memory systems in which a variety of nano- and micro-defect structures play an essential role in the functional behaviour of the material. (NiTi3)-Ti-4 precipitates in Ni-Ti are a well-known example for which the focus is now on the 3D configurations, in Ni-Ti-Nb Nb-rich nanoprecipitates are thought to have a large impact on the hysteresis, in Co-Ni-Al an Al-enriched zone nearby the y'-precipitates yields a small sandwiched austenite while some first signs of quasidynamical lattice deformation in non-frozen Ni-Ti strain glass are measured by Cs-aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.133
Times cited: 7
DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2011.10.112
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“ALN nanoparticles XANES analysis: local atomic and electronic structure”. Soldatov A, Yalovega G, Smolentsev G, Kravtsova A, Lamoen D, Balasubramanian C, Marcelli A, Cinque G, Bellucci S, Nuclear Instruments &, Methods In Physics Research Section A-Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors And Associated Equipment 575, 85 (2007). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2007.01.031
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT);
Impact Factor: 1.362
Times cited: 3
DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2007.01.031
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“Microstructure and precipitates in annealed Co38Ni33Al29 ferromagnetic shape memory alloy”. Lu JB, Shi H, Sedlakova-Ignacova S, Espinoza R, Kopeček J, Sittner P, Bártová, B, Schryvers D, Journal of alloys and compounds 572, 5 (2013). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.03.228
Abstract: Transmission electron microscopy was performed to investigate the microstructure and precipitates in the annealed Co38Ni33Al29 ferromagnetic shape memory alloy. Apart from the dendritic secondary phase in the austenite matrix, micron-sized (up to 100 μm) fcc-based precipitates with partial γ′ L12 ordering and containing none, one or three {1 1 1}p parallel twin planes were found. The orientation relationship between the precipitates and matrix was found to be KurdjumovSachs. STEMEDX analysis indicates that twinned and non-twinned precipitates are Co-rich and Al- and Ni-deficient with respect to the matrix and with a lower Co/Al ratio for the latter. The 3D morphologies of precipitates were reconstructed with focused ion beam/scanning electron microscope dual-beam slice-and-view imaging, showing that the single {1 1 1}p plane twinned precipitates have a plate-like shape while the non-twinned precipitates are lath-like and often bent.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.133
Times cited: 10
DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.03.228
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“Platinum and palladium on carbon nanotubes : experimental and theoretical studies”. Adjizian JJ, De Marco P, Suarez-Martinez I, El Mel AA, Snyders R, Gengler RYN, Rudolf P, Ke X, Van Tendeloo G, Bittencourt C, Ewels CP;, Chemical physics letters 571, 44 (2013). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2013.03.079
Abstract: Pristine and oxygen plasma functionalised carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were studied after the evaporation of Pt and Pd atoms. High resolution transmission electron microscopy shows the formation of metal nanoparticles at the CNT surface. Oxygen functional groups grafted by the plasma functionalization act as nucleation sites for metal nanoparticles. Analysis of the C1s core level spectra reveals that there is no covalent bonding between the Pt or Pd atoms and the CNT surface. Unlike other transition metals such as titanium and copper, neither Pd nor Pt show strong oxygen interaction or surface oxygen scavenging behaviour.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.815
Times cited: 23
DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2013.03.079
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“Characterization of IASCC crack tips extracted from neutron-irradiated flux thimble tube specimens in view of a probabilistic fracture model”. Penders AG, Konstantinović, MJ, Van Renterghem W, Bosch R-W, Schryvers D, Somville F, Journal of nuclear materials 571, 154015 (2022). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.JNUCMAT.2022.154015
Abstract: This study reports the properties of irradiation assisted stress corrosion crack tips extracted by means of focused-ion beam from 60 to 80 dpa neutron-irradiated O-ring specimens tested under straining conditions under a pressurized-water reactor environment. Various crack tip morphologies and surrounding deformation features were analyzed as a function of applied stress, surface oxidation state and loading form – constant versus cyclic. All investigated cracks exhibit grain boundary oxidation in front of the crack tip, with the extent of oxidation being proportional to applied stress. These findings clearly demonstrate that, under the subcritical crack propagation regime, the grain boundary oxide grows faster than the crack. On the other hand, crack tips appertaining to specimens with removed oxide layer at the outer surface show comparatively less oxidation at the crack tip, which could indicate towards crack initiation from regions that exemplify lower stress, such as the O-ring inner surface. Cyclic loading is found to have a more pronounced effect on the crack tip microstructure, demonstrating increased deformation twinning and -martensitic transformation, which signifies towards an increased susceptibility to intergranular failure. Still, the extent of crack tip grain boundary oxidation in this case agrees well with expected values for maximum stress applied during cyclic loading. All results are interpreted based on the probabilistic subcritical crack propagation mechanism and provide strong support to a stress-driven internal oxidation model.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.1
DOI: 10.1016/J.JNUCMAT.2022.154015
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“Pd nanoparticles on SnO2(Sb) whiskers : aggregation and reactivity in CO detection”. Zhukova AA, Rumyantseva MN, Zaytsev VB, Zaytseva AV, Abakumov AM, Gaskov AM, Journal of alloys and compounds 565, 6 (2013). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.02.184
Abstract: Single crystal antimony-doped SnO2 whiskers have been synthesized by in situ doping process in horizontal flow reactor. The produced whiskers were modified with 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1 or 2 wt.% Pd. The processes of Pd particles growth and aggregation are described on the base of AFM and STEM data. Depending on the content of introduced Pd precursor, the various mechanisms (Volmer-Weber or Stranski-Krastanov) of Pd nanoparticles growth realize. The dependence of sensor signal to CO on Pd concentration has non-monotonous character determined by the size of Pd nanoparticles and their aggregation degree. The best sensor signal toward CO was observed for whiskers decorated with 0.1 wt.% Pd. This concentration corresponds to the presence of individual 3-5 nm Pd nanoparticles on the surface of the whiskers. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.133
DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.02.184
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“Microstructural investigation of IASCC crack tips extracted from thimble tube O-ring specimens”. Penders AG, Konstantinovic MJ, Yang T, Bosch R-w, Schryvers D, Somville F, Journal of nuclear materials 565, 153727 (2022). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.JNUCMAT.2022.153727
Abstract: The microstructural features of intergranular irradiation-assisted stress corrosion crack tips from a redeemed neutron-irradiated flux thimble tube (60 dpa) have been investigated using focused-ion beam analysis and (scanning) transmission electron microscopy. The current work presents a close examination of the deformation field and oxide assembly associated with intergranular cracking, in addition to the analysis of radiation-induced segregation at leading grain boundaries. Evidence of stress induced martensitic transformation extending from the crack tips is presented. Intergranular crack arrest is demonstrated on the account of the external tensile stress orientation, and as a consequence of MnS inclusion particles segregating close to the fractured grain boundary. Exclusive observations of grain boundary oxidation prior to the cracking are presented, which is in full-agreement with the internal oxidation model.(c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.1
DOI: 10.1016/J.JNUCMAT.2022.153727
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“Deactivation of Sn-Beta during carbohydrate conversion”. van der Graaf WNP, Tempelman CHL, Hendriks FC, Ruiz-Martinez J, Bals S, Weckhuysen BM, Pidko EA, Hensen EJM, Applied catalysis : A : general 564, 113 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.APCATA.2018.07.023
Abstract: The deactivation of Sn-Beta zeolite catalyst during retro-aldolization and isomerization of glucose is investigated. Confocal fluorescence microscopy reveals that retro-aldolization of glucose in CH3OH at 160 degrees C is accompanied with the build-up of insoluble oligomeric deposits in the micropores, resulting in a rapid catalyst deactivation. These deposits accumulate predominantly in the outer regions of the zeolite crystals, which points to mass transport limitations. Glucose isomerization in water is not only accompanied by the formation of insoluble deposits in the micropores, but also by the structural degradation of the zeolite due to desilication and destannation. Enhanced and sustained catalytic performance can be achieved by using ethanol/water mixtures as the reaction solvent instead of water.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 4.339
Times cited: 25
DOI: 10.1016/J.APCATA.2018.07.023
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“The role of MOFs in Thin-Film Nanocomposite (TFN) membranes”. Van Goethem C, Verbeke R, Pfanmoeller M, Koschine T, Dickmann M, Timpel-Lindner T, Egger W, Bals S, Vankelecom IFJ, Journal of membrane science 563, 938 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.MEMSCI.2018.06.040
Abstract: Incorporation of MOFs in interfacially polymerized Thin-Film Nanocomposite (TFN) membranes has widely been shown to result in increased membrane performance. However, the exact functioning of these membranes is poorly understood as large variability in permeance increase, filler incorporation and rejection changes can be observed in literature. The synthesis and functioning of TFN membranes (herein exemplified by ZIF-8 filled polyamide (PA) membranes prepared via the EFP method) was investigated via targeted membrane synthesis and thorough characterization via STEM-EDX, XRD and PALS. It is hypothesized that the acid generated during the interfacial polymerization (IP) at least partially degrades the crystalline, acid-sensitive ZIF-8 and that this influences the membrane formation (through so-called secondary effects, i.e. not strictly linked to the pore morphology of the MOF). Nanoscale HAADF-STEM imaging and STEM-EDX Zn-mapping revealed no ZIF-8 particles but rather the presence of randomly shaped regions with elevated Zn-content. Also XRD failed to show the presence of crystalline areas in the composite PA films. As the addition of the acid-quenching TEA led to an increase in the diffraction signal observed in XRD, the role of the acid was confirmed. The separate addition of dissolved Zn2+ to the synthesis of regular TFC membranes showed an increase in permeance while losing some salt retention, similar to observations regularly made for TFN membranes. While the addition of a porous material to a TFC membrane is a straightforward concept, all obtained results indicate that the synthesis and performance of such composite membranes is often more complex than commonly accepted.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 6.035
Times cited: 84
DOI: 10.1016/J.MEMSCI.2018.06.040
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“Stability of Ge12C48 and Ge20C40 heterofullerenes : a first principles molecular dynamics study”. Massobrio C, Djimbi DM, Matsubara M, Scipioni R, Boero M, Chemical physics letters 556, 163 (2013). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2012.11.033
Abstract: By using first-principles molecular dynamics, we address the issue of structural stability for the C-60 Ge-m(m) family of doped heterofullerenes through a set of calculations targeting C48Ge12 and C40Ge20. Three kinds of theoretical tools are employed: (a) static structural optimization, (b) a bonding analysis based on localized orbitals (Wannier wavefunctions and centers) and (c) first-principles molecular dynamics at finite temperature. This latter tool allows concluding that the segregated form of C40Ge20 is less stable than its Si-based counterpart. However, the non-segregated forms of C40Ge20 and C40Si20 have comparable stabilities at finite temperatures. (C) 2012 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.815
Times cited: 3
DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2012.11.033
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“Structural characterization of erbium doped LAS glass ceramics obtained by glass melting technique”. Krsmanovic R, Bertoni G, Van Tendeloo G, Materials science forum 555, 377 (2007)
Abstract: Samples of transparent glass-ceramics in the ternary system Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 (LAS), with Er2O3 as a luminescent dopant, are investigated. The initial glass is obtained by the classical melting technique. In order to induce ceramization of the glass, TiO2 and ZrO2 are added in small amount as nucleating agents. The thermal treatments at 730 and 770 degrees C are carried out to promote formation of titanium zirconate solid solution precipitates. The spatial distribution of the precipitates in the material, their morphology, and their composition are investigated with TEM, HRTEM, HAADF-STEM, EELS and EFTEM. The results demonstrate that with the glass-melting preparation technique it is possible to achieve small nanoparticles with uniform distribution and higher number density than with the sol-gel glass preparation.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
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“Atomic scale analysis of defect clustering and predictions of their concentrations in UO2+x”. Caglak E, Govers K, Lamoen D, Labeau P-E, Verwerft M, Journal Of Nuclear Materials 541, 152403 (2020). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2020.152403
Abstract: The physical properties of uranium dioxide vary greatly with stoichiometry. Oxidation towards hyperstoichiometric UO2 – UO2+x – might be encountered at various stages of the nuclear fuel cycle if oxidative conditions are met; the impact of stoichiometry changes upon physical properties should therefore be properly assessed to ensure safe and reliable operations. These physical properties are intimately linked to the arrangement of atomic defects in the crystalline structure. The evolution of the defect concentration with environmental parameters – oxygen partial pressure and temperature – were evaluated by means of a point defect model where the reaction energies are derived from atomic-scale simulations. To this end, various configurations and net charge states of oxygen interstitial clusters in UO2 have been calculated. Various methodologies have been tested to determine the optimum cluster configurations and a rigid lattice approach turned out to be the most useful strategy to optimize defect configuration structures. Ultimately, results from the point defect model were discussed and compared to experimental measurements of stoichiometry dependence on oxygen partial pressure and temperature.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.1
DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2020.152403
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“Impact of ordering on the reactivity of mixed crystals of topological insulators with anion substitution: Bi₂SeTe₂, and Sb₂SeTe₂”. Volykhov AA, Frolov AS, Neudachina VS, Vladimirova NV, Gerber E, Callaert C, Hadermann J, Khmelevsky NO, Knop-Gericke A, Sanchez-Barriga J, Yashina LV, Applied Surface Science 541, 148490 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.APSUSC.2020.148490
Abstract: Three-dimensional topological insulators are exotic materials with unique properties. Tetradymite type binary chalcogenides of bismuth and antimony, as well as their mixed crystals, belong to prototypical TIs. Potential device applications of these materials require in-depth knowledge of their stability in the ambient atmosphere and other media maintained during their processing. Here we investigated the reactivity of mixed crystals with anion substitution, Bi-2(Se1-xTex)(3) and Sb2(Se1-xTex)(3), towards molecular oxygen using both in situ and ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results indicate that, in contrast to cation substitution, partial substitution of tellurium by selenium atoms leads to anomalously high surface reactivity, which even exceeds that of the most reactive binary constituent. We attribute this effect to anion ordering that essentially modifies the bond geometry, especially the respective bond angles as modeled by DFT.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.387
DOI: 10.1016/J.APSUSC.2020.148490
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“Effect of deposition rate on the microstructure of electron beam evaporated nanocrystalline palladium thin films”. Amin-Ahmadi B, Idrissi H, Galceran M, Colla MS, Raskin JP, Pardoen T, Godet S, Schryvers D, Thin solid films : an international journal on the science and technology of thin and thick films 539, 145 (2013). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2013.05.083
Abstract: The influence of the deposition rate on the formation of growth twins in nanocrystalline Pd films deposited by electron beam evaporation is investigated using transmission electron microscopy. Statistical measurements prove that twin boundary (TB) density and volume fraction of grains containing twins increase with increasing deposition rate. A clear increase of the dislocation density was observed for the highest deposition rate of 5 Å/s, caused by the increase of the internal stress building up during deposition. Based on crystallographic orientation indexation using transmission electron microscopy, it can be concluded that a {111} crystallographic texture increases with increasing deposition rate even though the {101} crystallographic texture remains dominant. Most of the TBs are fully coherent without any residual dislocations. However, for the highest deposition rate (5 Å/s), the coherency of the TBs decreases significantly as a result of the interaction of lattice dislocations emitted during deposition with the growth TBs. The analysis of the grain boundary character of different Pd films shows that an increasing fraction of high angle grain boundaries with misorientation angles around 5565° leads to a higher potential for twin formation.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.879
Times cited: 13
DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2013.05.083
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“Importance of twinning in static and dynamic compression of a Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy with an equiaxed microstructure”. Coghe F, Tirry W, Rabet L, Schryvers D, Van Houtte P, Materials science and engineering: part A: structural materials: properties, microstructure and processing 537, 1 (2012). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2011.12.047
Abstract: Whereas deformation twinning is known to be an important deformation mechanism for hexagonal materials like magnesium and pure titanium, so far almost no literature exists on the twinning behaviour of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy. In this work it was shown that the activation of twinning as a deformation mechanism could have a pronounced effect on the mechanical behaviour of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy. This effect is even more pronounced under dynamic loading conditions. Transmission electron microscopy showed that only the {1 0 1 2}{1 0 1 1} tensile twin system was activated under certain loading conditions. Light-optical microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction data were afterwards used to experimentally determine the twin fractions. The importance of twinning for the texture evolution was also studied. It was shown that even small twin fractions can lead to distinct texture features, especially due to the discrete reorientation of the c-axes. The experimental results were compared to simulated results that were obtained with a viscoplastic self-consistent crystal plasticity code, after experimental validation that twinning can be reliably modelled as a unidirectional slip system. Although good agreement was obtained for the experimental and simulated stress-strain curves, the simulated results concerning twinning correlated well only on a qualitative basis as the simulated twin fractions were systematically higher than the experimental fractions. This seems to strengthen the hypothesis made by other research groups that complete grains might reorient by twinning. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.094
Times cited: 35
DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2011.12.047
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“Hardening in relation with microstructure evolution of high purity \alpha-titanium deformed under monotonic and cyclic simple shear loadings at room temperature”. Bouvier S, Benmhenni N, Tirry W, Gregory F, Nixon ME, Cazacu O, Rabet L, Materials science and engineering: part A: structural materials: properties, microstructure and processing 535, 12 (2012). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2011.12.033
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to gain understanding of the quasi-static, large strain deformation behavior at room-temperature of high-purity alpha-Ti with an initial split-basal texture. Simple shear tests were conducted along different directions in order to quantify the material's anisotropy and hardening evolution for different strain paths such as monotonic, Bauschinger, and cyclic loadings. The stress-strain curves indicate that the material displays strong anisotropy in the flow behavior. In order to capture the link between microstructure evolution (occurrence of twinning, grain size evolution, etc.) and the macroscopic response, a thoroughly detailed multi-scale characterization using scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) analysis was also conducted. Specifically, EBSD analyses indicate that the twin activity and grain fragmentation are responsible for the observed difference between the macroscopic hardening rates corresponding to different directions and loading paths. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.094
Times cited: 22
DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2011.12.033
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“Study of the interaction between copper and carbon nanotubes”. Bittencourt C, Ke X, Van Tendeloo G, Thiess S, Drube W, Ghijsen J, Ewels CP, Chemical physics letters 535, 80 (2012). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2012.03.045
Abstract: Copper deposited by thermal evaporation onto pristine and oxygen plasma treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) diffuse over the CNT surface, coalescing and forming crystalline islands. The nucleation sites of the islands are preferentially defects, and more homogeneous island dispersion was observed at the CNT oxygen functionalized surface. The presence of weakly bound oxygen atoms at the CNT surface induces the formation of CuO bonds at the Cu/CNT interface, as described through density functional calculations. Exposure to air allows further oxidation to facetted crystalline Cu2O. Oxygen plasma pre-treatment represents a promising route for homogenous disperse Cu2O nanoparticle decoration of CNTs.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.815
Times cited: 27
DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2012.03.045
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“Electrophoretic deposition as a fabrication method for Li-ion battery electrodes and separators : a review”. Hajizadeh A, Shahalizade T, Riahifar R, Yaghmaee MS, Raissi B, Gholam S, Aghaei A, Rahimisheikh S, Ghazvini AS, Journal of power sources 535, 231448 (2022). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.JPOWSOUR.2022.231448
Abstract: Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD) is one of the alternative methods to fabricate and enhance the performance of Li-ion batteries. It enables the fabrication of electrodes with outstanding qualities and different electrochemical properties by the great domination over various parameters. EPD facilitates the processing of electrodes by binder-free grafting of nanomaterials, such as graphene derivatives, carbon nanotube, and nanoparticles, into the battery electrodes. It also enables the assembly of the free-standing electrodes with 3D structure and provides possibilities, such as the fabrication of the electrodes with an oriented microstructure, even on 3D substrates to improve the energy or power density. In this review, after an introduction to EPD, the effect of EPD parameters on the properties of the prepared electrodes is reviewed. Then, EPD is compared with tape cast, and its advantages over the conventional method are evaluated. Also, employing the EPD method as an intermediate process is discussed. Finally, the application of EPD in the fabrication of separators is assessed, and the prospects for the future are described.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 9.2
DOI: 10.1016/J.JPOWSOUR.2022.231448
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“A multi-scale characterization of deformation twins in Ti6Al4V sheet material deformed by simple shear”. Tirry W, Coghe F, Bouvier S, Gasperini M, Rabet L, Schryvers D, Materials science and engineering: part A: structural materials: properties, microstructure and processing 527, 4136 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2010.03.039
Abstract: Ti6Al4V sheet material is subjected to simple shear deformation with strain ratio's of 10%, 30% and 50%. Optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction techniques are applied to study the presence and morphology of deformation twins. Only the View the MathML source type of twins seems to be present with a volume fraction below 1%. These View the MathML source twins show a high density of basal stacking faults of the ABABACAC type identified using atomic resolution transmission electron microscopy. A resolved shear stress analysis shows that twins most often occur on those planes with the highest resolved shear stresses, but that the starting texture is not beneficial for the occurrence of twins. It is further suggested that a transitory strain hardening regime observed around 530 MPa might be related with the onset of twinning.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.094
Times cited: 20
DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2010.03.039
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“Synthesis &ndash, properties correlation and the unexpected role of the titania support on the Grignard surface modification”. Van Dijck JG, Mampuys P, Ching HYV, Krishnan D, Baert K, Hauffman T, Verbeeck J, Van Doorslaer S, Maes BUW, Dorbec M, Buekenhoudt A, Meynen V, Applied Surface Science 527, 146851 (2020). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.APSUSC.2020.146851
Abstract: While the impact of reaction conditions on surface modification with Grignard reactants has been studied for silica supports, such information is absent for metal oxides like titania. Differences between modified titania and silica are observed, making it paramount to explore the reaction mechanism. A detailed study on the impact of the reaction conditions is reported, with a focus on the chain length of the alkyl Grignard reactant, its concentration, the reaction time and temperature, and the type of titania support. While the increase in the chain length reduces the amount of organic groups on the surface, the concentration, time and temperature show little/no influence on the modification degree. However, the type of titania support used and the percentage of amorphous phase present has a significant impact on the amount of grafted groups. Even though the temperature and concentration show no clear impact on the modification degree, they can cause changes in the surface hydroxyl population, which are thus not linked to the modification degree. Furthermore, the titania support is reduced during functionalization. This reduction dependents on the reaction temperature, the titania support and the chain length of the Grignard reactant. Similarly, this reduction is not linked to the modification degree.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Organic synthesis (ORSY); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT)
Impact Factor: 6.7
Times cited: 5
DOI: 10.1016/J.APSUSC.2020.146851
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“Heterogeneous conjugation of vegetable oil with alkaline treated highly dispersed Ru/USY catalysts”. Van Aelst J, Philippaerts A, Turner S, Van Tendeloo G, Jacobs P, Sels B, Applied catalysis : A : general 526, 172 (2016). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.APCATA.2016.08.026
Abstract: Heterogeneous metal catalysts enable the direct conjugation of linoleic acid tails in vegetable oil to their conjugated linoleic acid (CIA) isomers. CIA-enriched oils are useful as renewable feedstock for the chemical industry and as nutraceutical. Up to now, a solvent-free process for conjugated oils without significant formation of undesired hydrogenation products was not existing. This work shows the design of Ru/USY catalysts able to directly conjugate highly unsaturated vegetable oils such as safflower oil in absence of solvent and hydrogen. Key is fast molecular transport of the bulky reagent and reactive product triglycerides in the zeolite crystal. A two-step zeolite post-synthetic treatment (with NH4OH and acetate salt) was applied to create the necessary mesoporosity. More open zeolite structures allow for a faster conjugation reaction, while securing a fast removal of the reactive conjugated triglycerides, otherwise rapidly deactivating through fouling and pore blockage by polymers. The best Ru/USY catalyst in this contribution is capable of producing exceptionally high yields of conjugated oils, containing up to almost 30 wt% conjugated fatty acid tails in safflower oil, at an initial production rate of 328 g(CLA) mL(-1) h(-1) per gram metal catalyst. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 4.339
Times cited: 1
DOI: 10.1016/J.APCATA.2016.08.026
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“Crystal growth studies during aerosol synthesis of nanostructured fullerene particles”. Joutsensaari J, Kauppinen EI, Bernaerts D, Van Tendeloo G, Materials Research Society symposium proceedings 520, 63 (1998)
Keywords: P1 Proceeding; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Times cited: 1
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“Preparation of nanocrystalline titania powder by aerosol pyrolysis of titanium alkoxide”. Ahonen PP, Kauppinen EI, Deschanvres JL, Joubert JC, Van Tendeloo G, Materials Research Society symposium proceedings 520, 109 (1998)
Keywords: P1 Proceeding; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Times cited: 2
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“The influence of Cr and Y on the micro structural evolution of Mg―Cr―O and Mg―Y―O thin films”. Jehanathan N, Georgieva V, Saraiva M, Depla D, Bogaerts A, Van Tendeloo G, Thin solid films : an international journal on the science and technology of thin and thick films 519, 5388 (2011). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2011.02.050
Abstract: The compositional influence of Cr and Y on the microstructure of Mg―Cr―O, and Mg―Y―O films synthesized by reactive magnetron sputtering has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and molecular dynamics simulations. A decrease in crystallinity is observed in these films as the M (Cr or Y) content is increased. It is found that M forms a solid solution with MgO for metal ratios up to ~ 70% and ~ 50% for Cr and Y respectively. Above ~ 70% Cr metal ratio the Mg―Cr―O films are found to be completely amorphous. The Mg―Y―O films are composed of Mg(Y)O and Y2O3 nano crystallites, up to ~ 50% Y metal ratio. Above this ratio, only Y2O3 nano crystallites are found. The preferential < 111> MgO grain alignment is strongly affected by the increase in M content. For M metal ratios up to ~ 50%, there is a selective promotion of the < 100> MgO grain alignments and a decline in the < 111> grain alignments.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.879
Times cited: 4
DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2011.02.050
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“Observations of intermetallic compound formation of hot dip aluminized steel”. Kee-Hyun K, van Daele B, Van Tendeloo G, Jong-Kyu Y, Aluminium alloys: part 1-2 519-521, 1871 (2006)
Abstract: A hot dip aluminizing process to simulate the continuous galvanizing line (CGL) was carried out in three successive steps by a hot dip simulator: the pre-treatment for removing scales on the 200 x 250 mm(2) and 1mm in thickness cold rolled steel sheet, the dipping in 660 degrees C Al-Si melt for 3s and the cooling. In a pre-treatment, the steel specimen was partly coated by Au to confirm the mechanism of intermetallic compound (IMC) formation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses were followed to observe the cross-section and the distribution of the elements. The specimen was analyzed in the boundary of the dipped-undipped part to see the formation mechanism of the aluminized steel. An intermetallic compound (IMC) is rapidly developed and grown in the steel-liquid interface. It has been usually reported that the IMC was formed by the dissolution of iron in the steel substrate toward the melt and the diffusion of aluminum in an opposite direction. The specimen is covered with aluminum-10 wt.% silicon, forms the IMC in the part that was not Au coated. However, IMC is not formed in the Au-coated part. The interface of the dipped-undipped is also analyzed by EDX. At the interface of the steel-IMC, it is clearly shown that the IMC is only formed in the dipped part and exists in the steel substrate as well, and contributes by iron, aluminum and silicon. The result clearly shows that only aluminum diffuses into the steel substrate without the dissolution of iron and forms the IMC between the steel substrate and the melt. Au coating and the short dipping time prevent the iron from dissolving into the aluminum melt. By TEM combined with focused ion beam (FIB) sample preparation, the IMC is confirmed as Fe2SiAl8, a hexagonal structure with space group P6(3)/mmc.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
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“Metal-decorated multi-wall carbon nanotubes for low temperature gas sensing”. Espinosa EH, Lonescu R, Bittencourt C, Felten A, Erni R, Van Tendeloo G, Pireaux J-J, Llobet E, Thin solid films : an international journal on the science and technology of thin and thick films 515, 8322 (2007). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2007.03.017
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.879
Times cited: 86
DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2007.03.017
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“Evaluation of mesoporous carbon aerogels as carriers of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen”. Eleftheriadis GK, Filippousi M, Tsachouridou V, Darda M-A, Sygellou L, Kontopoulou I, Bouropoulos N, Steriotis T, Charalambopoulou G, Vizirianakis IS, Van Tendeloo G, Fatouros DG, International journal of pharmaceutics 515, 262 (2016). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJPHARM.2016.10.008
Abstract: Towards the development of novel drug carriers for oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs mesoporous aerogel carbons (CAs), namely CA10 and CA20 with different pore sizes (10 and 20 nm, respectively), were evaluated. The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory lipophilic compound ibuprofen was incorporated via passive loading. The drug loaded carbon aerogels were systemically investigated by means of High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM), Nitrogen physisorption studies, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray photon electron spectroscopy (XPS) and zeta-potential studies. In vitro release studies were performed in simulated intestinal fluids reflecting both fasted (FaSSIF) and fed (FeSSIF) state conditions. Cytotoxicity studies were conducted with human intestinal cells (Caco-2). Drug was in an amorphous state in the pores of the carbon carrier as shown from the physicochemical characterization studies. The results showed marked differences in the release profiles for ibuprofen from the two aerogels in the media tested whereas in vitro toxicity profiles appear to be compatible with potential therapeutic applications at low concentrations. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.649
Times cited: 7
DOI: 10.1016/J.IJPHARM.2016.10.008
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“Thermal behavior of Si-doped fullerenes vs their structural stability at T = 0 K : a density functional study”. Scipioni R, Matsubara M, Ruiz E, Massobrio C, Boero M, Chemical physics letters 510, 14 (2011). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2011.05.019
Abstract: We establish the topological conditions underlying the thermal stability of C30Si30 clusters. Two topologies have been considered: a segregated one, where Si and C atoms lie on neighboring and yet, separated parts of the cage, and a non-segregated one, where the number of SiC bonds is maximized. The segregated network is energetically favored against the non-segregated one, both structures being fully relaxed at T = 0 K. Conversely, the non-segregated structure is the only one stable at finite temperatures, regardless of the nature of the local states (d or p) included in the KleynmanBylander construction.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.815
Times cited: 14
DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2011.05.019
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“Biocompatible Zr-based nanoscale MOFs coated with modified poly(epsilon-caprolactone) as anticancer drug carriers”. Filippousi M, Turner S, Leus K, Siafaka PI, Tseligka ED, Vandichel M, Nanaki SG, Vizirianakis IS, Bikiaris DN, Van Der Voort P, Van Tendeloo G, International journal of pharmaceutics 509, 208 (2016). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.05.048
Abstract: Nanoscale Zr-based metal organic frameworks (MOFs) UiO-66 and UiO-67 were studied as potential anticancer drug delivery vehicles. Two model drugs were used, hydrophobic paclitaxel and hydrophilic cisplatin, and were adsorbed onto/into the nano MOFs (NMOFs). The drug loaded MOFs were further encapsulated inside a modified poly(epsilon-caprolactone) with d-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate polymeric matrix, in the form of microparticles, in order to prepare sustained release formulations and to reduce the drug toxicity. The drugs physical state and release rate was studied at 37 degrees C using Simulated Body Fluid. It was found that the drug release depends on the interaction between the MOFs and the drugs while the controlled release rates can be attributed to the microencapsulated formulations. The in vitro antitumor activity was assessed using HSC-3 (human oral squamous carcinoma; head and neck) and U-87 MG (human glioblastoma grade IV; astrocytoma) cancer cells. Cytotoxicity studies for both cell lines showed that the polymer coated, drug loaded MOFs exhibited better anticancer activity compared to free paclitaxel and cisplatin solutions at different concentrations.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.649
Times cited: 37
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.05.048
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