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	Author	Eltayeb, M.A.H.; van Espen, P.J.; Cafmeyer, J.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Maenhaut, W.
	Title	Size-differentiated composition of aerosols in Khartoum, Sudan			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1992	Publication	The science of the total environment	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	120	Issue		Pages	281-299
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1992JA65200008	Publication Date	2003-09-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0048-9697; 1879-1026	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:2834			Serial	8543
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Rojas, C.M.; Figueroa, L.; Janssens, K.H.; Van Espen, P.E.; Adams, F.C.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	The elemental composition of airborne particulate matter in the Atacama desert, Chile			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1990	Publication	The science of the total environment	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	91	Issue		Pages	251-267
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Air particulate samples were collected at Chapiquiña near Arica (Chile) with a six-stage cascade impactor for about 17-day periods during a 31 month interval. Sixteen elements were determined by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis, and the elemental concentrations were subjected to principal factor analysis. The variability with time of the coarse particles was described by two factors both related to soil dispersion, whereas the fine particle variations could be explained by a third factor related to marine influence. Enrichment factors were compared with those obtained in other remote continental areas, in particular those of air particulate matter sampled at Chacaltaya, Bolivia. Results point to a negligible anthropogenic influence.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1990CM36100019	Publication Date	2003-09-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0048-9697	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116652			Serial	5602
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Leysen, L.A.; Roekens, E.J.; Van Grieken, R.E.; De Geyter, G.
	Title	Characterization of the weathering crust of various historical buildings in Belgium			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1990	Publication	The science of the total environment	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	90	Issue		Pages	117-147
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	A variety of samples, collected from different historical buildings and monuments throughout Belgium, were thoroughly studied, using several trace- and micro-analysis techniques. Thin sections of stones and mortar joints were characterized by means of electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPXMA). The morphological appearance of the surface weathering crust and the possible presence of non-innate particles in the crust were elucidated using petrographical and electron microscopy. Quantitative characterization of the total chemical composition of the crust surface layer and underlying layer was performed by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence, and by ion chromatography and atomic absorption spectrometry for the leachable components. Special attention was also paid to the chemical composition of rain and air at the particular sampling sites. The element distribution in the transition zone between the weathering crust and the original stone material was found to vary greatly amongst the different samples analyzed. Detailed EPXMA measurements on pieces of the weathering crust showed remarkable differences in morphology and composition between the surface and the underlying layer, and provided information about the presence of fly-ash and soil dust particles in the crust. Except for crusts from the city of Brussels, which were all very high in sulphate, the samples appeared to contain very variable sulphate contents; very local micro-climate and environmental conditions at a particular site are more important in determining the weathering condition of the building stones than the local air pollution situation. Bulk analytical characterization further showed, in all the crust samples studied, a very small contribution of nitrogen- and chlorine-containing weathering products, in contrast to sulphur-containing weathering salts.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1990CJ43500010	Publication Date	2003-09-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0048-9697; 1879-1026	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116650			Serial	7636
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Eltayeb, M.A.H.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Iron, copper, zinc and lead in hair from Sudanese populations of different age groups			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1990	Publication	The science of the total environment	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	95	Issue		Pages	157-165
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence was used for the analysis of hair samples from three different age groups of the Sudanese population. Hair samples were digested in a mixture of nitric and perchloric acids and the metals were then precipitated with ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate. The variations of the Fe, Cu, Zn and Pb content of hair with age were investigated. The averages of the elemental concentrations in each age group were compared with the other age groups and with literature values. The correlation of each pair of elements in the hair samples was also investigated.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1990DP94300014	Publication Date	2003-09-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0048-9697; 1879-1026	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116656			Serial	8132
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Roekens, E.J.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Effects of titanium dioxide industry waste dumping on sea water chemistry			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1983	Publication	Water research	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	17	Issue	10	Pages	1385-1392
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	An investigation was made to determine the influence of the dumping of a 1000 ton day−1, on the average, of acid-iron waste from the titanium dioxide industry into the shallow but turbulent Southern Bight of the North Sea. This waste contains some 20% sulfuric acid and 2% iron. After the passage of the barge that discharges 10 ton of waste min−1 into its wake, the vertical and horizontal distributions of the pH, iron-concentration and turbidity were measured as a function of time. It appeared that a few seconds after the discharge and for a very brief period, the pH was down to approx. 4 and the Fe-concentration was 13 mg l−1. More than 1 min after the discharge a pH below 6 and an iron-level above 3 mg l−1 could not be detected anywhere. The measured factor for waste dilution by sea water, based on the observed acid and iron concentration in the waste and in the discharge track, were around 5000 after 5 min, 9000 after 10 min and 80,000 after 20 min. Before and long after the dumping, the total iron-concentration in this Southern Bight area was around 100 μg l−1, but this high level might be due to natural causes.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1983RJ42300025	Publication Date	2003-08-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0043-1354; 1879-2448	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116690			Serial	7850
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Robberecht, H.J.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Van den Bosch, P.A.; Deelstra, H.; vanden Berghe, D.
	Title	Losses of metabolically incorporated selenium in common digestion procedures for biological material			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1982	Publication	Talanta : the international journal of pure and applied analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	29	Issue	11	Pages	1025-1028
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Two common procedures for wet destruction of biological materials for subsequent determination of selenium have been investigated. Rat organs and biological fluids were endogenously labelled with 75Se to monitor losses during the procedures. Addition of nitric and perchloric acids with gradual heating up to 210° seemed to be the best method: at this temperature the labelled selenium was still recovered quantitatively, and the destruction was fast and efficient.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1982PP35500009	Publication Date	2002-07-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0039-9140; 1873-3573	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116568			Serial	8186
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Vanderborght, B.M.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Water analysis by spark-source mass-spectrometry after preconcentration on activated carbon			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1980	Publication	Talanta : the international journal of pure and applied analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	27	Issue	5	Pages	417-422
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	For trace analyses of environmental waters, spark-source mass-spectrometry has been combined with a preconcentration procedure involving chelation of the dissolved trace elements with oxine and subsequent adsorption of the oxinates and naturally occurring organic and colloidal metal species onto activated carbon. The activated carbon is filtered off and ashed at low temperature. The residue is dissolved, an internal standard and pure graphite are added and, after drying, the electrodes are prepared. The photographically recorded mass spectrum is evaluated by a suitable computer routine. The error of the procedure is around 30%. While this preconcentration and analysis procedure is capable of measuring about 40 elements quantitatively, in practice 1025 trace elements are determined simultaneously above the 0.1-μg/l. detection limit, as is illustrated by analyses of drinking water, surface and ground water samples. Although a sophisticated technique, SSMS can be considered for regular panoramic survey analyses.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1980JR07800006	Publication Date	2002-07-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0039-9140; 1873-3573	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116557			Serial	8746
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Vanderstappen, M.G.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Co-crystallization with 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol, and X-ray fluorescence, for trace metal analysis of water			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1978	Publication	Talanta : the international journal of pure and applied analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	25	Issue	11/12	Pages	653-658
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Adding 20mg of 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) to a water sample at 70°, and filtering off the precipitate after cooling, gives efficient preconcentration prior to X-ray fluorescence analysis of water. Up to the capacity of about 100 μeq of PAN used, the trace metal recoveries are around 90% or higher for Cr3+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Hg2+ and Eu3+, and above 70% for many other ions. The recovery yields usually do not vary critically with pH in the neutral pH-range, and are practically independent of the sample salinity, sample volume and trace-metal concentration. Enrichment factors as high as 2 × 105 can be achieved. Counting statistics would then allow detection limits of 0.03 ppM. The blank levels in commercial PAN, however, lead to typical detection limits of about 1 ppm. The coefficient of variation is typically in the 510% range at the 10-ppM level. The accuracy and applicability of the procedure are illustrated by comparative analyses on samples of synthetic solutions, river and drinking water.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1978GG18200005	Publication Date	2002-07-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0039-9140; 1873-3573	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116556			Serial	7675
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Araújo, M.F.D.; Bernard, P.C.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Heavy metal contamination in sediments from the Belgian coast and Scheldt estuary			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1988	Publication	Marine pollution bulletin	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	19	Issue	2	Pages	269-273
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Sixty-two samples of total sediments and the separated clay/silt size fractions were analysed by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry to evaluate the pollution level and the trends in samples collected along the Belgian coast over a period of 6 yr and at four stations located in the Scheldt estuary where two of these were sampled periodically for 4 yr. Three correction methods for grain size effects were applied, either to the bulk sediment samples or to the clay/silt size fractions, and the results were compared. Local variations on the concentrations in some of the elements determined were used to establish whether they result from an anthropogenic or natural origin. The level of pollution was assessed as a function of the location, sampling date, and depth.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1988P559400005	Publication Date	2003-08-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0025-326x; 1879-3363	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116801			Serial	8021
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Rojas, C.M.; Otten, P.M.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Characterization of airborne particulate matter collected over the North Sea			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	Journal of aerosol science	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	20	Issue	8	Pages	1257-1260
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1989CN23100101	Publication Date	2003-08-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0021-8502; 1879-1964	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116819			Serial	7616
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Leysen, L.A.; Roekens, E.J.; Storms, H.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Classification of suspended particles in deposition samples and run-off water samples from a limestone cathedral			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1987	Publication	Atmospheric environment	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	21	Issue	11	Pages	2425-2433
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	In a study on the mechanism of the air-pollution induced deterioration of the limestone St. Rombouts cathedral in Mechelen, Belgium, automated electron-probe X-ray micro-analysis combined with multivariate analysis was used to characterize the suspension particles in run-off water and in local wet and dry deposition samples. Altogether about 10,000 individual particles were sized, analyzed and classified, according to their chemical composition. It was found that the run-off water samples were highly enriched in CaCO3 particles, resulting from the stone-erosion by overflowing rainwater, while the Si-rich group was the most abundant one in the deposition samples. Several other particle types were found. Ion chromatography analysis of the run-off water showed 2001700mg l−1 of sulphate and 20110mg l−1 of nitrate.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2003-08-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0004-6981	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116454			Serial	7670
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Annegarn, H.J.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Dibby, D.M.; Von Blottnitz, F.
	Title	Background aerosol composition in the Namib Desert, South West-Africa (Namibia)			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1983	Publication	Atmospheric environment : an international journal	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	17	Issue	10	Pages	2045-2053
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	A remote site in the Namib Desert was selected for sampling background aerosols in southern Africa, as one of a wide network of stations spanning the Southern Hemisphere in a programme designed to measure the background concentrations of trace elements in the atmosphere. A series of samples was collected over a 6-month period using a single-orifice cascade impactor, which fractionated the particles into six size groups. Analysis was performed using particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE), yielding results for S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Br and Sr, and occasionally also for V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb. No direct correlations with wind direction were observed excluding strong local or regional sources of particles. K, Ca, Ti, Mn and Fe can be identified with a dust dispersion source. Cl, large particle S and Br, and part of the K and Sr are derived from sea spray. Relative to the soil components small particle K is not enriched as it normally is in regions with less scarce vegetation. Cr, V, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb concentrations and enrichments in the aerosol are lower than practically all values measured at any other location hitherto. The concentration of the small particle sulphur, 200 ng m−3, is believed to be related to anaerobic conditions and plankton blooms in the ocean upwelling zones off Namibia.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1983RP58300017	Publication Date	2003-08-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1352-2310	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:113623			Serial	7545
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Van Grieken, R.E.; Johansson, T.B.; Akselsson, K.R.; Winchester, J.W.; Nelson, J.W.; Chapman, K.R.
	Title	Geophysical applicability of aerosol size distribution measurements using cascade impactors and proton-induced X-ray-emission			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1976	Publication	Atmospheric environment : an international journal	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	10	Issue	8	Pages	571-576
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Proton Induced X-ray Emission, (PIXE), is capable of high precision analysis for trace element components of aerosol particle size fractions sampled by cascade impactor. A statistical evaluation of data quality has been carried out in order to distinguish between analytical uncertainties in the PIXE procedure, errors caused by cascade impactor performance and by other factors in the sampling procedure, and geophysical causes of differences in composition and particle size distributions of the elements in aerosols. Replicate analyses and simultaneous samplings taken in north Florida and St. Louis have been used for the data evaluation. In addition to the analytical error the sampling procedure contributes an error of ~ 10% to be added quadratically. The resulting precision is sufficient to evaluate the data in geophysical terms. This is illustrated by means of sample sets taken simultaneously in an urban, forest and coastal environment of the same region.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1976BZ75500001	Publication Date	2003-08-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1352-2310	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:113636			Serial	8000
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Eltayeb, M.A.H.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Coprecipitation with aluminium hydroxide and x-ray fluorescence determination of trace metals in water			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1992	Publication	Analytica chimica acta	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	268	Issue		Pages	177-183
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1992JQ23300020	Publication Date	2002-07-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-2670; 1873-4324	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:2840			Serial	7733
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Bernard, P.C.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Comparison and evaluation of hierarchical cluster techniques applied to automated electron probe X-ray microanalysis data			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1992	Publication	Analytica chimica acta	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	267	Issue		Pages	81-92
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1992JM65200009	Publication Date	2002-07-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-2670; 1873-4324	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:2838			Serial	7688
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Cardell, C.; Yebra, A.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Applying digital image processing to SEM-EDX and BSE images to determine and quantify porosity and salts with depth in porous media			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2002	Publication	Microchimica acta	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	140	Issue		Pages	9-14
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000178757500003	Publication Date	2003-03-05
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:40619			Serial	7487
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Tsuji, K.; Spolnik, Z.; Wagatsuma, K.; Nullens, R.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Detection limits of grazing-exit EPMA for particle analysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2000	Publication	Microchimica acta	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	132	Issue		Pages	357-360
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000086810800030	Publication Date	2003-02-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0026-3672; 1436-5073	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:27593			Serial	7771
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Vandeputte, D.F.; Ameloot, P.C.; Cleymaet, R.; Coomans, D.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Localization of lead and fluoride in cultured tooth germs by laser microprobe mass analysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1990	Publication	Biological trace element research	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	23	Issue		Pages	133-144
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Trace elements can influence dental health, possibly by altering tooth resistance during preeruptive development. Therefore, it was investigated whether lead and fluoride would be incorporated into the calcifying matrices or the cellular parts of tooth germs in vitro. Using laser microprobe mass analysis, the localization of lead and fluoride was studied in the different layers or tooth germs that had been cultured in a medium to which PbCl2 of NaF had been added in different concentrations. Both elements could only be detected in the dentine layer. Hence, the enamel organ in the secretory stage of tooth development excludes lead and fluoride from the enamel, even when enamel formation by the ameloblasts is visibly disturbed. Furthermore, there seemed to be a process of saturation in the accumulation of lead and fluoride in the dentine.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2008-06-13
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0163-4984	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116797			Serial	8182
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Eltayeb, M.A.H.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Preconcentration and XRF-determination of heavy metals in hair from Sudanese populations			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	131	Issue	2	Pages	331-342
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis was applied for the analysis of hair. The hair samples were digested in a mixture of nitric and perchloric acid and the heavy metals were precipitated with ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate. The accuracy, precision and recovery of the method for the elements Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb were evaluated through the analysis of a standard hair sample. The procedure was applied to the analysis of hair from an occupationally exposed group of Sudanese workers and a control group. The hair of the exposed group showed a range of 80550 ppm Fe, 612 ppm Cu, 57190 ppm Zn and 703700 ppm Pb, while that of the control group had a range of 60310 ppm Fe, 722 ppm Cu, 89170 ppm Zn and 317 ppm Pb.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1989AL77700009	Publication Date	2005-08-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0236-5731; 1588-2780	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116816			Serial	8399
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Eeckhaoudt, S.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Cholewa, M.; Legge, G.J.F.
	Title	Study of aluminium-exposed fish by scanning proton microprobe analysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1996	Publication	Microchimica acta	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	122	Issue		Pages	17-25
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1996TU79700002	Publication Date	2005-03-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0026-3672; 1436-5073	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:14640			Serial	8593
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	Author	de Bock, L.A.; Treiger, B.; van der Auwera, L.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Extraction of environmental information from large aerosol data sets through combined application of cluster and factor analysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1998	Publication	Microchimica acta	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	128	Issue		Pages	191-200
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000071438000008	Publication Date	2005-02-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0026-3672; 1436-5073	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:20959			Serial	7955
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	Author	Van Grieken, R.E.; Johansson, T.B.; Winchester, J.W.; Odom, L.
	Title	Micro-determination of zirconium-hafnium ratios in zircons by proton induced X-ray emission			Type	A3 Journal article
	Year	1975	Publication	Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	275	Issue	5	Pages	343-348
	Keywords	A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The zirconium/hafnium ratios of zircons are determined using proton induced X-ray emission. Submilligram samples, imbedded in a starch layer and deposited on a 50 μg/cm2 polystyrene carrier, are irradiated for 1020 min with a 5 nA beam of 3.7 MeV protons, while the Hf-Lβ and Zr-Kα X-rays are counted with a Si(Li) detector. The standard deviation per analysis is in the 36 % range. Only few interferences are possible. To eliminate errors due to absorption effects the zircon layer thickness should be above 40 μm or reproducibly thin samples should be employed. Measuring the Hf-Lβ/Hf-Lα ratio for samples and standards might provide a practical check for the absence of absorption errors. The sensitivity is so favourable that, in practice, the minimal sample size is only limited by the minimal amount that can be handled properly.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2004-11-11
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0016-1152	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116636			Serial	8231
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	Author	Storms, H.M.; Janssens, K.H.; Török, S.B.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Evaluation of the ArmstrongBuseck correction for automated electron probe X-ray microanalysis of particles			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	18	Issue	2	Pages	45-52
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The ArmstrongBuseck correction for absorption effects in electron probe x-ray microanalysis of particles considers seven specific particle shapes, and for these geometries exact correction equations are used. This procedure implies that the analyst has to associate the particle to be analysed with a certain particle type; an arbitrary relative thickness is sometimes assumed. A theoretical study was made of this absorption correction as a function of the particle composition, type and thickness for micrometre-sized particles. It appears that a correct choice of the particle type is critical. However, when the analytical results are normalized to 100%, the differences between the models are much less pronounced, and it is justified to assume a spherical model in all cases.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1989U261400001	Publication Date	2005-05-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116489			Serial	5616
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	Author	Labrecque, J.J.; Beusen, J.M.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Determination of barium, lanthanum, cerium and neodymium in lateritic materials by various energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence techniques and neutron activation analysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1986	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	15	Issue	1	Pages	13-18
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	A comparison of four methods for the determination of barium, lanthanum, cerium and neodymium in lateritic materials from Brazil is presented. Three of the methods were based on x-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy: two by radioisotope excitation (Co-57 and Am-241) and one by secondary target XRF (a molybdenum target with a tungsten anode). The other method was based on neutron activation analysis employing both a Ge(Li) coaxial detector and a high-purity germanium detector. The results from these four methods were similar for lanthanum, cerium and neodymium, but for barium at low concentrations (<500 ppm) the neutron activation and the secondary target XRF methods were not suitable. Data on the precision and accuracy of these methods using a series of standard reference rocks are given. The advantages and limitations of each of these methods with respect to the analysis of lateritic materials are discussed.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1986AYN6000003	Publication Date	2005-05-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116487			Serial	7774
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	Author	Van Grieken, R.E.; Adams, F.C.
	Title	Folding of aerosol loaded filters during X-ray fluorescence analysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1976	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	5	Issue	2	Pages	61-67
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Folding aerosol loaded filters in two with the loaded side inwards during the X-ray analysis not only reduces possible filter heterogeneity effects and improves sample protection, but also increases the sensitivity and renders filter paper absorption corrections simple and more accurate in many instances. It is shown that folding an aerosol loaded Whatman filter paper during Kα X-rays counting leads to an increased sensitivity for all elements up from calcium, scandium or titanium (depending on the sensitivity definition and on the aerosol load) and for all elements up from phosphorus, sulphur or chlorine in the case of the Nuclepore filter. Although the absorption by the filter, into which the aerosol penetrates to some extent, is always more important in the sandwich than in the usual geometry, the dependence of the absorption correction on the usually unknown average deposition depth is less pronounced. Assuming all the aerosol material to be collected at the very surface of the filter and hence being present in the centre of the sandwich to be analysed, leads to an extremely simple filter paper absorption correction which is less prone to uncertainties than more sophisticated corrections in the usual geometry requiring additional measurements. This is the case for all elements up from potassium on Whatman filters and up from phosphorus on Nuclepore filters.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1976BM95300002	Publication Date	2005-05-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116480			Serial	7976
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	Author	Verbueken, A.H.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Verpooten, G.A.; de Broe, M.E.; Wedeen, R.P.
	Title	Laser microprobe mass spectrometric identification of cyclosporine-induced intrarenal microliths in rat			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1992	Publication	Biological mass spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	21	Issue		Pages	590-596
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1992JU83000010	Publication Date	2005-05-31
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1052-9306	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:2842			Serial	8162
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	Author	Vandeputte, D.F.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Foets, B.J.J.; Misotten, L.
	Title	Characterization of the spheroliths present in primary atypical bandkeratopathy using laser microprobe mass analysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	Biomedical and environmental mass spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	18	Issue	9	Pages	753-756
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Laser microprobe mass analysis was applied to study the chemical composition of spheroliths in the Bowman's membrane of patients suffering from primary atypical bandkeratopathy. The inclusions appear to consist mainly of calcium phosphate.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2005-05-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0887-6134	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116824			Serial	7635
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	Author	Vandeputte, D.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Jacob, W.A.; Savory, J.; Bertholf, R.L.; Wills, M.R.
	Title	Ultrastructural localization of aluminium in liver of aluminium maltol-treated rabbits by laser microprobe mass analysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	Biomedical and environmental mass spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	18	Issue	8	Pages	598-602
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	By means of laser microprobe mass analysis (LAMMA), we have studied the ultrastructural localization of aluminium in livers of aluminium maltol-treated rabbits. This animal model was developed to study long-term aluminium toxicity using systemic (intravenous) administration of aluminium. We could only detect aluminium in electron-dense inclusion bodies found in large, sometimes multinucleated cells. These results prove that the actual observation of aluminium deposits in liver with LAMMA gives more information than bulk analysis and can be very useful to explore mechanisms of toxicity.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2005-05-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0887-6134	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116817			Serial	8702
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	Author	Verbueken, A.H.; Bruynseels, F.J.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Laser microprobe mass analysis : a review of applications in the life sciences			Type	A3 Journal article
	Year	1985	Publication	Biomedical mass spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	12	Issue	9	Pages	438-463
	Keywords	A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The characteristics and analytical utility of laser microprobe mass analysis (LAMMA) are described and evaluated, and a short history of this recent microanalytical technique is presented. A review of the areas of application of LAMMA and related laser microprobes is presented with special emphasis on applications in the life sciences.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2005-05-31
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0306-042x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116722			Serial	8153
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Verbueken, A.H.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Paulus, G.J.; Verpooten, G.A.; de Broe, M.E.
	Title	Laser microprobe mass spectrometry of platinum in dog kidney after cisplatin adminstration			Type	A3 Journal article
	Year	1984	Publication	Biomedical mass spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	11	Issue	4	Pages	159-163
	Keywords	A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
	Abstract	By means of laser microprobe mass analysis (LAMMA) platinum was detected in the renal proximal tubular cells of a dog that had been intravenously adminstered the antitumor drug cisplatin (5 mg per kg body weight). No definite subcellular localization of the heavy metal was obtained. Sample prparation and analytical features are examined to increase spatial resolution of analysis while maintaining sufficient detection efficiency. The LAMMA method is destructive, but the amount and type of evaporated material can readily be determined when using LAMMA in combination with transmission electron microscopy. Instrumental optimization and standardization of mass signals is possible by using platinum-loaded, ion chelating resin beads embedded and sectioned with the tissue.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2005-05-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0306-042x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116712			Serial	8165
Permanent link to this record