NANOlab Center of Excellence literature database -- Query Results

	NANOlab Center of Excellence literature database Home \| Show All \| Simple Search \| Advanced Search	Login Quick Search: Field: contains: ...
	301–330 of 377 records found matching your query (RSS \| history):

Select All Deselect All

<< 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 >>

List View

Citations

Details

	Records
	Author	van Malderen, H.; Rojas, C.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Characterization of individual giant aerosol particles above the North Sea			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1992	Publication	Environmental science and technology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	26	Issue		Pages	750-756
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1992HL93600020	Publication Date	2005-03-17
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0013-936x; 1520-5851	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:2827			Serial	7625
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Fobe, B.O.; Vleugels, G.J.; Roekens, E.J.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Hermosin, B.; Ortega-Calvo, J.J.; Sanchez del Junco, A.; Saiz-Jimenez, C.
	Title	Organic and inorganic compounds in limestone weathering crusts from cathedrals in Southern and Western Europe			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1995	Publication	Environmental science and technology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	29	Issue		Pages	1691-1701
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1995RB13100055	Publication Date	2005-03-17
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0013-936x; 1520-5851	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:12346			Serial	8345
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Rowenczyk, L.; Dazzi, A.; Deniset-Besseau, A.; Beltran, V.; Goudounèche, D.; Wong-Wah-Chung, P.; Boyron, O.; George, M.; Fabre, P.; Roux, C.; Mingotaud, A.F.; ter Halle, A.
	Title	Microstructure characterization of oceanic polyethylene debris			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Environmental Science & Technology	Abbreviated Journal	Environ Sci Technol
	Volume	54	Issue	7	Pages	4102-4109
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Plastic pollution has become a worldwide concern. It was demonstrated that plastic breaks down to nanoscale particles in the environment, forming so-called nanoplastics. It is important to understand their ecological impact, but their structure is not elucidated. In this original work, we characterize the microstructure of oceanic polyethylene debris and compare it to the nonweathered objects. Cross sections are analyzed by several emergent mapping techniques. We highlight deep modifications of the debris within a layer a few hundred micrometers thick. The most intense modifications are macromolecule oxidation and a considerable decrease in the molecular weight. The adsorption of organic pollutants and trace metals is also confined to this outer layer. Fragmentation of the oxidized layer of the plastic debris is the most likely source of nanoplastics. Consequently the nanoplastic chemical nature differs greatly from plastics.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000526418000041	Publication Date	2020-03-09
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0013-936x; 1520-5851	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	11.4	Times cited	3	Open Access
	Notes	; Foundation and The French National Reaserch Program for Environmental and Occupational Health of Anses (EST/2017/1/219). We thank the 7th Continent Expedition Association, as well as the staff and crew, for the sea sampling campaign. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 11.4; 2020 IF: 6.198
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:172890			Serial	6560
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Seuntjens, D.; Van Tendeloo, M.; Chatzigiannidou, I.; Carvajal-Arroyo, J.M.; Vandendriessche, S.; Vlaeminck, S.E.; Boon, N.
	Title	Synergistic exposure of return-sludge to anaerobic starvation, sulfide and free ammonia to suppress nitrite oxidizing bacteria			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Environmental science and technology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	52	Issue	15	Pages	8725-8732
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	A key step toward energy-positive sewage treatment is the development of mainstream partial nitritation/anammox, a nitrogen removal technology where aerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AerAOB) are desired, while nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) are not. To suppress NOB, a novel return-sludge treatment was investigated. Single and combined effects of sulfide (0-600 mg S L-1), anaerobic starvation (0-8 days), and a free ammonia (FA) shock (30 mg FA-N L-1 for 1 h) were tested for immediate effects and long-term recovery. AerAOB and NOB were inhibited immediately and proportionally by sulfide, with AerAOB better coping with the inhibition, while the short FA shock and anaerobic starvation had minor effects. Combinatory effects inhibited AerAOB and NOB more strongly. A combined treatment of sulfide (150 mg S L-1), 2 days of anaerobic starvation, and FA shock (30 mg FA-N L-1) inhibited AerAOB 14% more strongly compared to sulfide addition alone, while the AerAOB/NOB activity ratio remained constant. Despite no positive change being observed in the immediate-stress response, AerAOB recovered much faster than NOB, with a nitrite accumulation ratio (effluent nitrite on nitrite + nitrate) peak of 50% after 12 days. Studying long-term recovery is therefore crucial for design of an optimal NOB-suppression treatment, while applying combined stressors regularly may lead toward practical implementation.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000441477600073	Publication Date	2018-05-22
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0013-936x; 1520-5851	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:152909			Serial	8635
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Meerburg, F.A.; Boon, N.; Van Winckel, T.; Pauwels, K.T.G.; Vlaeminck, S.E.
	Title	Live Fast, Die Young: Optimizing Retention Times in High-Rate Contact Stabilization for Maximal Recovery of Organics from Wastewater			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Environmental science and technology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	50	Issue	17	Pages	9781-9790
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Wastewater is typically treated by the conventional activated sludge process, which suffers from an inefficient overall energy balance. The high-rate contact stabilization (HiCS) has been proposed as a promising primary treatment technology with which to maximize redirection of organics to sludge for subsequent energy recovery. It utilizes a feast famine cycle to select for bioflocculation, intracellular storage, or both. We optimized the HiCS process for organics recovery and characterized different biological pathways of organics removal and recovery. A total of eight HiCS reactors were operated at 15 degrees C at short solids retention times (SRT; 0.24-2.8 days), hydraulic contact times (t(c); 8 and 15 min), and stabilization times (t(s); 15 and 40 min). At an optimal SRT between 0.5 and 1.3 days and t(c) of 15 min and t(s) of 40 min, the HiCS system oxidized only 10% of influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) and recovered up to 55% of incoming organic matter into sludge. Storage played a minor role in the overall COD removal, which was likely dominated by aerobic biomass growth, bioflocculation onto extracellular polymeric substances, and settling. The HiCS process recovers enough organics to potentially produce 28 kWh of electricity per population equivalent per year by anaerobic digestion and electricity generation. This inspires new possibilities for energy-neutral wastewater treatment.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000382805800097	Publication Date	2016-08-02
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0013-936x; 1520-5851	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:138270			Serial	8176
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Van Eynde, E.; Lenaerts, B.; Tytgat, T.; Blust, R.; Lenaerts, S.
	Title	Valorization of flue gas by combining photocatalytic gas pretreatment with microalgae production			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Environmental science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	Environ Sci Technol
	Volume	50	Issue	5	Pages	2538-2545
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Utilization of flue gas for algae cultivation seems to be a promising route because flue gas from fossil-fuel combustion processes contains the high amounts of carbon (CO2) and nitrogen (NO) that are required for algae growth. NO is a poor nitrogen source for algae cultivation because of its low reactivity and solubility in water and its toxicity for algae at high concentrations. Here, we present a novel strategy to valorize NO from flue gas as feedstock for algae production by combining a photocatalytic gas pretreatment unit with a microalgal photobioreactor. The photocatalytic air pretreatment transforms NO gas into NO2 gas and thereby enhances the absorption of NO in the cultivation broth. The absorbed NOx will form NO2- and NO3- that can be used as a nitrogen source by algae. The effect of photocatalytic air pretreatment on the growth and biomass productivity of the algae Thalassiosira weissflogii in a semicontinuous system aerated with a model flue gas (1% CO2 and 50 ppm of NO) is investigated during a long-term experiment. The integrated system makes it possible to produce algae with NO from flue gas as the sole nitrogen source and reduces the NOx content in the exhaust gas by 84%.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000371371700048	Publication Date	2016-02-03
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0013-936x; 1520-5851	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.198	Times cited	6	Open Access
	Notes	; ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.198
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:132348			Serial	6003
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Monot, I.; Tancret, F.; Laffez, P.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Desgardin, G.
	Title	Microstructure and properties of oxygen controlled melt textured NdBaCuO superconductive ceramics			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1999	Publication	Technology	Abbreviated Journal	Mater Sci Eng B-Adv
	Volume	65	Issue	1	Pages	26-34
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Nd1+xBa2-xCu3O7-delta (123) bulk superconductors have been synthesised by the oxygen controlled melt growth method. Unlike the YBaCuO system, platinum doping or Nd4Ba2Cu2O10 (422) rich compositions do not refine the peritectic '422' secondary phase, but the latter improves the microstructural quality. Low oxygen partial pressure and high purity precursors are necessary to achieve in a reproducible manner high T-c and J(c) (up to 56 000 A/cm(2) in 0T and 30 000 A/cm(2) under 1.5T). The fishtail effect observed at 77 K is compared with the one observed in the YBCO system, and is discussed in terms of oxygen deficiency, Nd-Ba substitution, defects and vortex lattice. Our TEM observations did not evidence any Nd-Ba substituted clusters in the Nd123 matrix; however, some diffuse streaks, observed in the [100] zone ED pattern, support the fact that the source of the peak effect in this system is mainly due to oxygen disorder and low stability of the orthorhombic phase. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lausanne	Editor
	Language		Wos	000083432000005	Publication Date	2002-07-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0921-5107;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.552	Times cited	5	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.552; 1999 IF: 0.690
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:104286			Serial	2060
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Huq, M.Z.; Celis, J.P.; Meneve, J.; Stals, L.; Schryvers, D.
	Title	Oscillating sliding wear of mono- and multilayer ceramic coatings in air			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1999	Publication	Surface and coatings technology	Abbreviated Journal	Surf Coat Tech
	Volume	113	Issue		Pages	242-250
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lausanne	Editor
	Language		Wos	000079807600007	Publication Date	2002-07-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0257-8972;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.589	Times cited	10	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.589; 1999 IF: 1.008
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:29379			Serial	2532
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Annegarn, H.J.; Storms, H.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Booth-Jones, P.A.
	Title	Composition and size of individual particles from a gold mine atmosphere			Type	A3 Journal article
	Year	1987	Publication	Mining science & technology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	5	Issue	2	Pages	111-119
	Keywords	A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Airborne dust particles were collected in a return airway of a South African gold mine using a 7-stage, single-orifice cascade impactor. Between 70 and 130 individual particles were analysed on each stage using automated electron-probe x-ray microanalysis (EPXMA). Particle size and shape parameters are given for different classes of particles sorted by elemental composition. Silicon-rich particles are the most abundant overall, while chlorine-rich particles dominate (up to 80%) in the range 0.21.0 μm. It is shown that EPXMA characterisation of particles can be used to infer relative contributions of various particle sources and dust generating processes to the total dust concentrations in mine atmospheres. An understanding of the nature and source of particles is essential for any source control strategy. We conclude that the EPXMA technique merits inclusion in the repertoire of techniques used for characterising underground dust.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2004-12-15
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0167-9031	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116777			Serial	7701
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Bogaerts, A.; Gijbels, R.
	Title	Numerical modelling of gas discharge plasmas for various applications			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2003	Publication	Vacuum: surface engineering, surface instrumentation & vacuum technology	Abbreviated Journal	Vacuum
	Volume	69	Issue		Pages	37-52
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Gas discharge plasmas are used for a wide range of applications. To improve our understanding about gas discharges, which is necessary to obtain good results in the various application fields, we perform numerical modelling of gas discharge plasmas. Various kinds of modelling approaches, for various types of gas discharges, are being used in our group. In this paper, some examples of this modelling work are outlined. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000180739000006	Publication Date	2002-12-30
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0042-207X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.53	Times cited	16	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.53; 2003 IF: 0.612
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:40194			Serial	2401
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Conard, T.; de Witte, H.; Loo, R.; Verheyen, P.; Vandervorst, W.; Caymax, M.; Gijbels, R.
	Title	XPS and TOFSIMS studies of shallow Si/Si_1-xGe_x/Si layers			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1999	Publication	Thin solid films : an international journal on the science and technology of thin and thick films	Abbreviated Journal	Thin Solid Films
	Volume	343/344	Issue		Pages	583-586
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam : Elsevier	Editor
	Language		Wos	000081103100149	Publication Date	2002-07-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0040-6090;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.879	Times cited	1	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.879; 1999 IF: 1.101
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:24934			Serial	3926
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Schryvers, D.; Yandouzi, M.; Toth, L.
	Title	TEM study of B2 + L1₂ decomposition in a nanoscale Ni-rich Ni-Al film			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1998	Publication	Thin solid films : an international journal on the science and technology of thin and thick films	Abbreviated Journal	Thin Solid Films
	Volume	326	Issue		Pages	126-133
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam : Elsevier	Editor
	Language		Wos	000075693800017	Publication Date	2002-07-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0040-6090;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.879	Times cited	1	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.879; 1998 IF: 1.019
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:48371			Serial	3487
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kalitzova, M.; Vlakhov, E.; Marinov, Y.; Gesheva, K.; Ignatova, V.A.; Lebedev, O.; Muntele, C.; Gijbels, R.
	Title	Effect of high-frequency electromagnetic field on Te⁺-implanted (001) Si</tex>			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2004	Publication	Vacuum: the international journal and abstracting service for vacuum science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	Vacuum
	Volume	76	Issue	2-3	Pages	325-328
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	The analysis of high-frequency electromagnetic field (HFEMF) effects on the microstructure and electrical properties of Te+ implanted (0 0 1) Si is reported. Cross-sectional high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (XHRTEM) demonstrates the formation of Te nanoclusters (NCs) embedded in the Si layer amorphized by implantation (a-Si) at fluences greater than or equal to 1 x 10(16) cm(-2). Post-implantation treatment with 0.45 MHz HFEMF leads to enlargement of Te NCs, their diffusion and accumulation at the a-Si surface and formation of laterally connected extended tellurium structures above the percolation threshold, appearing at an ion fluence of 1 x 10(17) cm(-2). AC electrical conductivity measurements show nearly four orders of magnitude decrease of impedance resistivity in this case, which is in good agreement with the results of our structural studies. The results obtained are discussed in terms of the two-phase isotropic spinodal structure. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000224890100048	Publication Date	2004-08-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0042-207X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.53	Times cited	2	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.53; 2004 IF: 0.902
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:95105			Serial	814
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Forsh, E.A.; Abakumov, A.M.; Zaytsev, V.B.; Konstantinova, E.A.; Forsh, P.A.; Rumyantseva, M.N.; Gaskov, A.M.; Kashkarov, P.K.
	Title	Optical and photoelectrical properties of nanocrystalline indium oxide with small grains			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Thin solid films : an international journal on the science and technology of thin and thick films	Abbreviated Journal	Thin Solid Films
	Volume	595	Issue	595	Pages	25-31
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Optical properties, spectral dependence of photoconductivity and photoconductivity decay in nanocrystalline indium oxide In2O3 are studied. A number of nanostructured In2O3 samples with various nanocrystals size are prepared by sol-gel method and characterized using various techniques. The mean nanocrystals size varies from 7 to 8 nm to 39-41 nm depending on the preparation conditions. Structural characterization of the In2O3 samples is performed by means of transmission electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction. The combined analysis of ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy shows that nanostructuring leads to the change in optical band gap: optical band gap of the In2O3 samples (with an average nanocrystal size from 7 to 41 nm) is equal to 2.8 eV. We find out the correlation between spectral dependence of photoconductivity and optical properties of nanocrystalline In2O3: sharp increase in photoconductivity was observed to begin at 2.8 eV that is equal to the optical bandgap in the In2O3 samples, and reached its maximum at 3.2-3.3 eV. The combined analysis of the slow photoconductivity decay in air, vacuum and argon, that was accurately fitted by a stretched-exponential function, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements shows that the kinetics of photoconductivity decay is strongly depended on the presence of oxygen molecules in the ambient of In2O3 nanocrystals. There is the quantitative correlation between EPR and photoconductivity data. Based on the obtained data we propose the model clearing up the phenomenon of permanent photoconductivity decay in nanocrystalline In2O3. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lausanne	Editor
	Language		Wos	000365812400005	Publication Date	2015-10-27
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0040-6090	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.879	Times cited	18	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.879; 2015 IF: 1.759
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:130254			Serial	4219
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Batuk, M.; Buffiere, M.; Zaghi, A.E.; Lenaers, N.; Verbist, C.; Khelifi, S.; Vleugels, J.; Meuris, M.; Hadermann, J.
	Title	Effect of the burn-out step on the microstructure of the solution-processed Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ solar cells			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Thin solid films : an international journal on the science and technology of thin and thick films	Abbreviated Journal	Thin Solid Films
	Volume	583	Issue	583	Pages	142-150
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	For the development of the photovoltaic industry cheap methods for the synthesis of Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 (CIGSe) based solar cells are required. In this work, CIGSe thin films were obtained by a solution-based method using oxygen-bearing derivatives. With the aimof improving the morphology of the printed CIGSe layers, we investigated two different annealing conditions of the precursor layer, consisting of (1) a direct selenization step (reference process), and (2) a pre-treatment thermal step prior to the selenization. We showed that the use of an Air/H2S burn-out step prior to the selenization step increases the CIGSe grain size and reduces the carbon content. However, it leads to the reduction of the solar cell efficiency from 4.5% in the reference sample down to 0.5% in the annealed sample. Detailed transmission electron microscopy analysis, including high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray mapping, was applied to characterize the microstructure of the film and to determine the relationship between microstructure and the solar cell performance. We demonstrated that the relatively low efficiency of the reference solar cells is related not only to the nanosize of the CIGSe grains and presence of the pores in the CIGSe layer, but also to the high amount of secondary phases, namely, In/Ga oxide (or hydroxide) amorphous matter, residuals of organicmatter (carbon), and copper sulfide that is formed at the CIGSe/MoSe2 interface. The annealing in H2S during the burn-out step leads to the formation of the copper sulfide at all grain boundaries and surfaces in the CIGSe layer, which results in the noticeably efficiency drop. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lausanne	Editor
	Language		Wos	000353812400024	Publication Date	2015-04-05
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0040-6090;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.879	Times cited	5	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.879; 2015 IF: 1.759
	Call Number	c:irua:126009			Serial	845
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Samani, M.K.; Ding, X.Z.; Khosravian, N.; Amin-Ahmadi, B.; Yi, Y.; Chen, G.; Neyts, E.C.; Bogaerts, A.; Tay, B.K.
	Title	Thermal conductivity of titanium nitride/titanium aluminum nitride multilayer coatings deposited by lateral rotating cathode arc			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Thin solid films : an international journal on the science and technology of thin and thick films	Abbreviated Journal	Thin Solid Films
	Volume	578	Issue	578	Pages	133-138
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	A seriesof [TiN/TiAlN]nmultilayer coatingswith different bilayer numbers n=5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 were deposited on stainless steel substrate AISI 304 by a lateral rotating cathode arc technique in a flowing nitrogen atmosphere. The composition and microstructure of the coatings have been analyzed by using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and conventional and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). XRD analysis shows that the preferential orientation growth along the (111) direction is reduced in the multilayer coatings. TEM analysis reveals that the grain size of the coatings decreases with increasing bilayer number. HRTEMimaging of the multilayer coatings shows a high density misfit dislocation between the TiN and TiAlN layers. The cross-plane thermal conductivity of the coatings was measured by a pulsed photothermal reflectance technique. With increasing bilayer number, the multilayer coatings' thermal conductivity decreases gradually. This reduction of thermal conductivity can be ascribed to increased phonon scattering due to the disruption of columnar structure, reduced preferential orientation, decreased grain size of the coatings and present misfit dislocations at the interfaces.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lausanne	Editor
	Language		Wos	000351686500019	Publication Date	2015-02-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0040-6090;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.879	Times cited	41	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.879; 2015 IF: 1.759
	Call Number	c:irua:125517			Serial	3626
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Oueslati, S.; Brammertz, G.; Buffiere, M.; ElAnzeery, H.; Touayar, O.; Koeble, C.; Bekaert, J.; Meuris, M.; Poortmans, J.
	Title	Physical and electrical characterization of high-performance Cu₂ZnSnSe₄ based thin film solar cells			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Thin solid films : an international journal on the science and technology of thin and thick films	Abbreviated Journal	Thin Solid Films
	Volume	582	Issue	582	Pages	224-228
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	We report on the electrical, optical and physical properties of Cu2ZnSnSe4 solar cells using an absorber layer fabricated by selenization of sputtered Cu, Zn and Cu10Sn90 multilayers. A maximum active-area conversion efficiency of 10.4% under AM1.5G was measured with a maximum short circuit current density of 39.7 mA/cm(2), an open circuit voltage of 394 mV and a fill factor of 66.4%. We perform electrical and optical characterization using photoluminescence spectroscopy, external quantum efficiency, current-voltage and admittance versus temperature measurements in order to derive information about possible causes for the low open circuit voltage values observed. The main defects derived from these measurements are strong potential fluctuations in the absorber layer as well as a potential barrier of the order of 133 meV at the back side contact. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lausanne	Editor
	Language		Wos	000352225900048	Publication Date	2014-10-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0040-6090	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.879	Times cited	49	Open Access
	Notes	; We would like to acknowledge Tom De Geyter, Greetje Godiers, and Guido Huyberechts from Flamac in Gent for sputtering of the metal layers. AGC is acknowledged for providing substrates. This research is partially funded by the Flemish government, Department Economy, Science and Innovation. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.879; 2015 IF: 1.759
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:132504			Serial	4225
Permanent link to this record



	Author	E. Zaghi, A.; Buffière, M.; Koo, J.; Brammertz, G.; Batuk, M.; Verbist, C.; Hadermann, J.; Kim, W.K.; Meuris, M.; Poortmans, J.; Vleugels, J.;
	Title	Effect of selenium content of CuInSe_x alloy nanopowder precursors on recrystallization of printed CuInSe₂ absorber layers during selenization heat treatment			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	Thin solid films : an international journal on the science and technology of thin and thick films	Abbreviated Journal	Thin Solid Films
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1-7
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Polycrystalline CuInSe2 semiconductors are efficient light absorber materials for thin film solar cell technology, whereas printing is one of the promising low cost and non-vacuum approaches for the fabrication of thin film solar cells. The printed precursors are transformed into a dense polycrystalline CuInSe2 semiconductor film via thermal treatment in ambient selenium atmosphere (selenization). In this study, the effect of the selenium content in high purity mechanically synthesized CuInSex (x = 2, 1.5, 1 or 0.5) alloy precursors on the recrystallization of the CuInSe2 phase during the selenization process was investigated. The nanostructure and phase variation of CuInSex nanopowders were investigated by different characterization techniques. The recrystallization process of the 12 μm thick CuInSex coatings into the CuInSe2 phase during selenization in selenium vapor was investigated via in-situ high temperature X-ray diffraction. The CuInSex precursors with lower selenium content showed a more pronounced phase conversion into CuInSe2 compared to the higher selenium content CuInSex precursors. Moreover, the CuInSex (x = 0.5 and 1) precursor resulted in a denser polycrystalline CuInSe2 semiconductor film with larger crystals. This could be attributed to a more intensive atomic interdiffusion within the CuInSex precursor system compared to a CuInSe2 phase precursor, and the formation of intermediate CuSe and CuSe2 fluxing phases during selenization.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lausanne	Editor
	Language		Wos	000352225900004	Publication Date	2014-10-13
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0040-6090;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.879	Times cited	7	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.879; 2014 IF: 1.759
	Call Number	c:irua:121330			Serial	834
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Amin-Ahmadi, B.; Idrissi, H.; Galceran, M.; Colla, M.S.; Raskin, J.P.; Pardoen, T.; Godet, S.; Schryvers, D.
	Title	Effect of deposition rate on the microstructure of electron beam evaporated nanocrystalline palladium thin films			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Thin solid films : an international journal on the science and technology of thin and thick films	Abbreviated Journal	Thin Solid Films
	Volume	539	Issue		Pages	145-150
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The influence of the deposition rate on the formation of growth twins in nanocrystalline Pd films deposited by electron beam evaporation is investigated using transmission electron microscopy. Statistical measurements prove that twin boundary (TB) density and volume fraction of grains containing twins increase with increasing deposition rate. A clear increase of the dislocation density was observed for the highest deposition rate of 5 Å/s, caused by the increase of the internal stress building up during deposition. Based on crystallographic orientation indexation using transmission electron microscopy, it can be concluded that a {111} crystallographic texture increases with increasing deposition rate even though the {101} crystallographic texture remains dominant. Most of the TBs are fully coherent without any residual dislocations. However, for the highest deposition rate (5 Å/s), the coherency of the TBs decreases significantly as a result of the interaction of lattice dislocations emitted during deposition with the growth TBs. The analysis of the grain boundary character of different Pd films shows that an increasing fraction of high angle grain boundaries with misorientation angles around 5565° leads to a higher potential for twin formation.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lausanne	Editor
	Language		Wos	000321111100025	Publication Date	2013-05-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0040-6090;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.879	Times cited	13	Open Access
	Notes	Fwo			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.879; 2013 IF: 1.867
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:109268			Serial	807
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jehanathan, N.; Georgieva, V.; Saraiva, M.; Depla, D.; Bogaerts, A.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	The influence of Cr and Y on the micro structural evolution of Mg―Cr―O and Mg―Y―O thin films			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Thin solid films : an international journal on the science and technology of thin and thick films	Abbreviated Journal	Thin Solid Films
	Volume	519	Issue	16	Pages	5388-5396
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The compositional influence of Cr and Y on the microstructure of Mg―Cr―O, and Mg―Y―O films synthesized by reactive magnetron sputtering has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and molecular dynamics simulations. A decrease in crystallinity is observed in these films as the M (Cr or Y) content is increased. It is found that M forms a solid solution with MgO for metal ratios up to ~ 70% and ~ 50% for Cr and Y respectively. Above ~ 70% Cr metal ratio the Mg―Cr―O films are found to be completely amorphous. The Mg―Y―O films are composed of Mg(Y)O and Y2O3 nano crystallites, up to ~ 50% Y metal ratio. Above this ratio, only Y2O3 nano crystallites are found. The preferential < 111> MgO grain alignment is strongly affected by the increase in M content. For M metal ratios up to ~ 50%, there is a selective promotion of the < 100> MgO grain alignments and a decline in the < 111> grain alignments.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lausanne	Editor
	Language		Wos	000292573500013	Publication Date	2011-02-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0040-6090;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.879	Times cited	4	Open Access
	Notes	Iwt			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.879; 2011 IF: 1.890
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:89516			Serial	1618
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Espinosa, E.H.; Lonescu, R.; Bittencourt, C.; Felten, A.; Erni, R.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Pireaux, J.-J.; Llobet, E.
	Title	Metal-decorated multi-wall carbon nanotubes for low temperature gas sensing			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2007	Publication	Thin solid films : an international journal on the science and technology of thin and thick films	Abbreviated Journal	Thin Solid Films
	Volume	515	Issue	23	Pages	8322-8327
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam : Elsevier	Editor
	Language		Wos	000250353700005	Publication Date	2007-03-19
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0040-6090;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.879	Times cited	86	Open Access
	Notes	Pai 5/1			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.879; 2007 IF: 1.693
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:66631			Serial	2008
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Laffez, P.; Chen, X.Y.; Banerjee, G.; Pezeril, T.; Rossell, M.D.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Lacorre, P.; Liu, J.M.; Liu, Z.-G.
	Title	Growth of La₂Mo₂O₉ films on porous Al₂O₃ substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2006	Publication	Thin solid films : an international journal on the science and technology of thin and thick films	Abbreviated Journal	Thin Solid Films
	Volume	500	Issue		Pages	27-33
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lausanne	Editor
	Language		Wos	000235764600006	Publication Date	2005-12-16
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0040-6090;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.879	Times cited	15	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.879; 2006 IF: 1.666
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:57000			Serial	1396
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Mahieu, S.; Ghekiere, P.; de Winter, G.; Depla, D.; de Gryse, R.; Lebedev, O.I.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	Influence of the Ar/O₂ ratio on the growth and biaxial alignment of yttria stabilized zirconia layers during reactive unbalanced magnetron sputtering			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2005	Publication	Thin solid films : an international journal on the science and technology of thin and thick films	Abbreviated Journal	Thin Solid Films
	Volume	484	Issue		Pages	18-25
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lausanne	Editor
	Language		Wos	000230045900003	Publication Date	2005-03-01
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0040-6090;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.879	Times cited	23	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.879; 2005 IF: 1.569
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:54879			Serial	1656
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Major, L.; Tirry, W.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	Microstructure and defect characterization at interfaces in TiN/CrN multilayer coatings			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2008	Publication	Surface and coatings technology	Abbreviated Journal	Surf Coat Tech
	Volume	202	Issue	24	Pages	6075-6080
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Microstructures of TiN/CrN multilayer coatings deposited on austenite steel (Cr Ni 18 8) by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) are characterized using transmission electron microscopy while their mechanical properties were assessed in a ball-on-disk test. All coatings have the same total thickness of about 1 ìm. The individual layers show a highly defective columnar structure, which is characterized by conventional electron microscopy (TEM) as well as by high resolution TEM. These techniques, combined with measurements of the local chemical composition through EDS prove that PLD allows to produce fully separated CrN and TiN layers. The friction, and consequently the wear, are lowered by increasing the total number of layers in the coating.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lausanne	Editor
	Language		Wos	000260267100042	Publication Date	2008-07-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0257-8972;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.589	Times cited	23	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.589; 2008 IF: 1.860
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:76614			Serial	2049
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Neyts, E.; Bogaerts, A.; de Meyer, M.; van Gils, S.
	Title	Macroscale computer simulations to investigate the chemical vapor deposition of thin metal-oxide films			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2007	Publication	Surface and coatings technology	Abbreviated Journal	Surf Coat Tech
	Volume	201	Issue	22/23	Pages	8838-8841
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lausanne	Editor
	Language		Wos	000249340400008	Publication Date	2007-05-02
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0257-8972;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.589	Times cited	5	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.589; 2007 IF: 1.678
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:64790			Serial	1859
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Major, L.; Morgiel, J.; Major, B.; Lackner, J.M.; Waldhauser, W.; Ebner, R.; Nistor, L.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	Crystallographic aspects related to advanced tribological multilayers of Cr/CrN and Ti/TiN types produced by pulsed laser deposition (PLD)			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2006	Publication	Surface and coatings technology	Abbreviated Journal	Surf Coat Tech
	Volume	200	Issue	22/23	Pages	6190-6195
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lausanne	Editor
	Language		Wos	000237842300007	Publication Date	2005-12-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0257-8972;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.589	Times cited	32	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.589; 2006 IF: 1.559
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:59459			Serial	586
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Bogaerts, A.; de Bleecker, K.; Kolev, I.; Madani, M.
	Title	Modeling of gas discharge plasmas: What can we learn from it?			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2005	Publication	Surface and coatings technology	Abbreviated Journal	Surf Coat Tech
	Volume	200	Issue		Pages	62-67
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lausanne	Editor
	Language		Wos	000232327800014	Publication Date	2005-03-22
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0257-8972;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.589	Times cited	11	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.589; 2005 IF: 1.646
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:53629			Serial	2122
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Mahieu, S.; Ghekiere, P.; de Winter, G.; de Gryse, R.; Depla, D.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Lebedev, O.I.
	Title	Biaxially aligned titanium nitride thin films deposited by reactive unbalanced magnetron sputtering			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2006	Publication	Surface and coatings technology	Abbreviated Journal	Surf Coat Tech
	Volume	200	Issue	8	Pages	2764-2768
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Lausanne	Editor
	Language		Wos	000235202100023	Publication Date	2004-12-15
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0257-8972;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.589	Times cited	36	Open Access
	Notes	IWT-Vlaanderen			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.589; 2006 IF: 1.559
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:56554			Serial	229
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Huyskens, C.; De Wever, H.; Fovet, Y.; Wegmann, U.; Diels, L.; Lenaerts, S.
	Title	Screening of novel MBR fouling reducers : benchmarking with known fouling reducers and evaluation of their mechanism of action			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2012	Publication	Separation and purification technology	Abbreviated Journal	Sep Purif Technol
	Volume	95	Issue		Pages	49-57
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	A novel fouling characterization method was applied for a first screening of two novel synthetic flocculants developed by BASF (BASF-1 and BASF-2) and benchmarking with six well-known products. Results showed that this MBR-VITO Fouling Measurement (VFM) was able to identify beneficial and adverse effects of different additives on the mixed liquor's reversible and irreversible fouling and, in combination with supporting mixed liquor analyses, allowed to identify the additive's main working mechanism. The first screening tests indicated that BASF-1 and BASF-2 reduced reversible and irreversible fouling to a similar extent as the known synthetic flocculants due to a charge neutralization mechanism, resulting in enhanced flocculation and SMP removal. Further testing at different additive concentrations provided a first indication of the optimal dosage and revealed a considerable risk of overdosing for BASF-2, rendering it less suited for fouling control. In contrast, such adverse effects were not observed for BASF-1. BASF-1 induced similar beneficial effects as the known MPE50 polymer at lower dosage and was therefore considered promising for application in MBRs. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000307032100008	Publication Date	2012-04-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1383-5866	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.359	Times cited	24	Open Access
	Notes	; The authors would like to thank K. Luyckx, J. Fret, L. Heylen, R. Muyshondt, H. Sterckx, J. Verheyden and J. Vande-Velden for technical assistance and V. Iversen for kindly supplying some of the commercial additives. Celine Huyskens is indebted to the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO). The European Commission is acknowledged for financial support to Aquafit4use (FP7, Grant 211534). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.359; 2012 IF: 2.894
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:101903			Serial	5990
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Huyskens, C.; Lenaerts, S.; Brauns, E.; Diels, L.; de Wever, H.
	Title	Study of (ir)reversible fouling in MBRs under various operating conditions using new on-line fouling sensor			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Separation and purification technology	Abbreviated Journal	Sep Purif Technol
	Volume	81	Issue	2	Pages	208-215
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	In this study, a new fouling sensor was validated under different conditions of hydraulic (HRT) and sludge retention time (SRT). The MBR-VFM (membrane bioreactor-VITO Fouling Measurement) allows the simultaneous determination of the physically reversible and irreversible fouling potential of a mixed liquor during a single crossflow filtration test. In accordance with the on-line filtration behavior, the measured reversible and irreversible fouling propensities differed significantly between MBRs operated at different combinations of HRT-SRT. Moreover, a significant negative correlation was found between the on-line permeability and the reversible and irreversible fouling propensity measured by the MBR-VFM. This corresponded to observations made on membrane recovery after physical or chemical cleaning actions. Higher reversible and irreversible fouling were observed at lower HRT, presumably as a consequence of increased concentrations of foulants present. The effect of SRT was much smaller and restricted to the reversible fouling component. Possible explanations for the increased fouling at prolonged SRT are the higher sludge and colloid concentration and the smaller floc size. It can be concluded that the MBR-VFM is a useful tool to monitor fluctuations in a mixed liquors (ir)reversible fouling potential and can contribute to a deeper understanding of the occurring fouling phenomena.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000296108500012	Publication Date	2011-08-01
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1383-5866	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.359	Times cited	15	Open Access
	Notes	; ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.359; 2011 IF: 2.921
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:93410			Serial	5992
Permanent link to this record