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	Author	Zhang, Q.-Z.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Plasma streamer propagation in structured catalysts			Type	A1 Journal Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Plasma Sources Science & Technology	Abbreviated Journal	Plasma Sources Sci T
	Volume	27	Issue	10	Pages	105013
	Keywords	A1 Journal Article; plasma catalysis, streamer propagation, 3D structures, PIC/MCC; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
	Abstract	Plasma catalysis is gaining increasing interest for various environmental applications. Catalytic material can be inserted in different shapes in the plasma, e.g., as pellets, (coated) beads, but also as honeycomb monolith and 3DFD structures, also called ‘structured catalysts’, which have high mass and heat transfer properties. In this work, we examine the streamer discharge propagation and the interaction between plasma and catalysts, inside the channels of such structured catalysts, by means of a two-dimensional particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision model. Our results reveal that plasma streamers behave differently in various structured catalysts. In case of a honeycomb structure, the streamers are limited to only one channel, with low or high plasma density when the channels are parallel or perpendicular to the electrodes, respectively. In contrast, in case of a 3DFD structure, the streamers can distribute to different channels, causing discharge enhancement due to surface charging on the dielectric walls of the structured catalyst, and especially giving rise to a broader plasma distribution. The latter should be beneficial for plasma catalysis applications, as it allows a larger catalyst surface area to be exposed to the plasma.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000448131900002	Publication Date	2018-10-22
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1361-6595	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.302	Times cited	3	Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes	We acknowledge financial support from the European Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship within H2020 (Grant Agreement 702604). This work was carried out in part using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen, a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the University of Antwerp.			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.302
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:155510			Serial	5068
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	Author	Kontogiannidou, E.; Karavasili, C.; Kouskoura, M.G.; Filippousi, M.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Andreadis, I.I.; Eleftheriadis, G.K.; Kontopoulou, I.; Markopoulou, C.K.; Bouropoulos, N.; Fatouros, D.G.
	Title	In vitro and ex vivo assessment of microporous Faujasite zeolite (NaX-FAU) as a carrier for the oral delivery of danazol			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Journal of drug delivery science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	J Drug Deliv Sci Tec
	Volume	51	Issue	51	Pages	177-184
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Microporous zeolite NaX-FAU has been systemically evaluated for the oral delivery of the poorly water-soluble compound danazol. For this purpose, danazol-loaded zeolitic particles were prepared by the incipient wetness method and were characterized by means of N-2 physisorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The zeolitic formulation shows a high drug payload and drug stability over a period of six months under accelerated storage conditions. The dissolution profile of danazol-loaded zeolitic particles was assessed in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) pH 1.2; fasted state simulated intestinal fluids (FaSSIF) and fed state simulated intestinal fluid (FeSSIF) showing a gradual and increasing drug dissolution in the different media. Ex vivo studies using the everted gut sac model show an increased drug transport across rat intestinal epithelium when loaded in the zeolitic particles. Our results suggest that microporous Faujasite zeolite (NaX-FAU) could be used as a drug delivery system to facilitate the oral delivery of poorly water soluble compounds.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000468750300018	Publication Date	2019-03-04
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1773-2247; 2588-8943	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.194	Times cited	3	Open Access	Not_Open_Access: Available from 27.08.2020
	Notes	; This research was supported by General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Greece – Research Program “Excellence II, 4766”. The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Union under the Seventh Framework Program (Integrated Infrastructure Initiative No. 262348 European Soft Matter Infrastructure, ESMI). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.194
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:160279			Serial	5252
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	Author	Wang, L.; Wen, D.-Q.; Zhang, Q.-Z.; Song, Y.-H.; Zhang, Y.-R.; Wang, Y.-N.
	Title	Disruption of self-organized striated structure induced by secondary electron emission in capacitive oxygen discharges			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Plasma sources science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	Plasma Sources Sci T
	Volume	28	Issue	5	Pages	055007
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Self-organized striated structure has been observed experimentally and numerically in CF4 plasmas in radio-frequency capacitively coupled plasmas recently (Liu et al 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 255002). In this work, the striated structure is investigated in a capacitively coupled oxygen discharge with the introduction of the effect from the secondary electron emission, based on a particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision model. As we know, the transport of positive and negative ions plays a key role in the formation of striations in electronegative gases, for which, the electronegativity needs to be large enough. As the secondary electron emission increases, electrons in the sheaths gradually contribute more ionization to the discharge. Meanwhile, the increase of the electron density, especially in the plasma bulk, leads to an increased electrical conductivity and a reduced bulk electric field, which would shield the ions' mobility. These changes result in enlarged striation gaps. And then, with more emitted electrons, obvious disruption of the striations is observed accompanied with a transition of electron heating mode. Due to the weakened field, the impact ionization in the plasma bulk is attenuated, compared with the enhanced ionization caused by secondary electrons. This would lead to the electron heating mode transition from striated (STR) mode to gamma-mode. Besides, our investigation further reveals that gamma-mode is more likely to dominate the discharge under high gas pressures or driving voltages.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000467827800001	Publication Date	2019-04-09
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0963-0252	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.302	Times cited	2	Open Access	Not_Open_Access: Available from 13.05.2020
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.302
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:160365			Serial	5270
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	Author	Dhayalan, S.K.; Nuytten, T.; Pourtois, G.; Simoen, E.; Pezzoli, F.; Cinquanta, E.; Bonera, E.; Loo, R.; Rosseel, E.; Hikavyy, A.; Shimura, Y.; Vandervorst, W.
	Title	Insights into the C Distribution in Si:C/Si:C:P and the Annealing Behavior of Si:C Layers			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	ECS journal of solid state science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	Ecs J Solid State Sc
	Volume	8	Issue	4	Pages	P209-P216
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	Si:C and Si:C:P alloys are potential candidates for source-drain stressor applications in n-type Fin Field Effect Transistors (FinFETs). Increasing the C content to achieve high strain results in the arrangement of C atoms as third nearest neighbors (3nn) in the Si: C lattice. During thermal annealing, the presence of C atoms as 3nn may promote clustering at the interstitial sites, causing loss of stress. The concentration of C atoms as 3nn is reduced by the incorporation of a small amount of Ge atoms during the growth, whereas in-situ P doping does not influence this 3nn distribution [J Solid State Sci. Technol vol 6, p 755, 2017]. Small amounts of Ge are provided during low temperature selective epitaxial growth scheme, which are based on cyclic deposition and etching (CDE). In this work, we aim to provide physical insights into the aforementioned phenomena, to understand the behavior of 3nn C atoms and the types of defects that are formed in the annealed Si: C films. Using ab-initio simulations, the Ge-C interaction in the Si matrix is investigated and this insight is used to explain how the Ge incorporation leads to a reduced 3nn distribution of the C atoms. The interaction between C and P in the Si: C: P films is also investigated to explain why the P incorporation has not led to a reduction in the 3nn distribution. We then report on the Raman characterization of Si: C layers subjected to post epi annealing. As the penetration depth of the laser is dependent on the wavelength, Raman measurements at two different wavelengths enable us to probe the depth distribution of 3nn C atoms after applying different annealing conditions. We observed a homogeneous loss in 3nn C throughout the layer. Whereas in the kinematic modeling of high resolution X-ray diffraction spectra, a gradient in the substitutional C loss was observed close to the epitaxial layer/substrate interface. This gradient can be due to the out diffusion of C atoms into the Si substrate or to the formation of interstitial C clusters, which cannot be distinguished in HR-XRD. Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy indicated that the prominent out-diffusing species was interstitial CO complex while the interstitial C defects were also prevalent in the epi layer. (c) 2019 The Electrochemical Society.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000465069200001	Publication Date	2019-04-18
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2162-8769; 2162-8777	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor	1.787	Times cited		Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.787
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:160399			Serial	5275
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	Author	Cremers, V.; Rampelberg, G.; Baert, K.; Abrahami, S.; Claes, N.; de Oliveira, T.M.; Terryn, H.; Bals, S.; Dendooven, J.; Detavernier, C.
	Title	Corrosion protection of Cu by atomic layer deposition			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Journal of vacuum science and technology: A: vacuum surfaces and films	Abbreviated Journal	J Vac Sci Technol A
	Volume	37	Issue	37	Pages	060902
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a vapor phase technique that is able to deposit uniform, conformal thin films with an excellent thickness control at the atomic scale. 18 nm thick Al2O3 and TiO2 coatings were deposited conformaly and pinhole-free onto micrometer-sized Cu powder, using trimethylaluminum and tetrakis(dimethylamido)titanium(IV), respectively, as a precursor and de-ionized water as a reactant. The capability of the ALD coating to protect the Cu powder against corrosion was investigated. Therefore, the stability of the coatings was studied in solutions with different pH in the range of 0–14, and in situ raman spectroscopy was used to detect the emergence of corrosion products of Cu as an indication that the protective coating starts to fail. Both ALD coatings provide good protection at standard pH values in the range of 5–7. In general, the TiO2 coating shows a better barrier protection against corrosion than the Al2O3 coating. However, for the most extreme pH conditions, pH 0 and pH 14, the TiO2 coating starts also to degrade.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000517925800003	Publication Date	2019-09-19
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0734-2101	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.374	Times cited	7	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	The authors acknowledge financial support from the Strategic Initiative Materials in Flanders (SIM, SBO-FUNC project) and the Special Research Fund BOF of Ghent University (No. GOA 01G01513). J.D. acknowledges the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen) for a postdoctoral fellowship.			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.374
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:162640			Serial	5361
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	Author	Sharp, J.; Mueller, I.C.; Mandal, P.; Abbas, A.; Nord, M.; Doye, A.; Ehiasarian, A.; Hovsepian, P.; MacLaren, I.; Rainforth, W.M.
	Title	Characterisation of a high-power impulse magnetron sputtered C/Mo/W wear resistant coating by transmission electron microscopy			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Surface and coatings technology	Abbreviated Journal	Surf Coat Tech
	Volume	377	Issue	377	Pages	124853
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Thin films of C/Mo/W deposited using combined UBM/HIPIMS sputtering show 2-8 nm clusters of material richer in Mo and W than the matrix (found by EDS microanalysis), with structures that resemble graphitic onions with the metal atoms arranged regularly within them. EELS microanalysis showed the clusters to be rich in W and Mo. As the time averaged power used in the pulsed HIPIMS magnetron was increased, the clusters became more defined, larger, and arranged into layers with amorphous matrix between them. Films deposited with average HIPIMS powers of 4 kW and 6 kW also showed a periodic modulation of the cluster density within the finer layers giving secondary, wider stripes in TEM. By analysing the ratio between the finer and coarser layers, it was found that this meta-layering is related to the substrate rotation in the deposition chamber but in a non-straightforward way. Reasons for this are proposed. The detailed structure of the clusters remains unknown and is the subject of further work. Fluctuation electron microscopy results indicated the presence of crystal planes with the graphite interlayer spacing, crystal planes in hexagonal WC perpendicular to the basal plane, and some plane spacings found in Mo2C. Other peaks in the FEM results suggested symmetry-related starting points for future determination of the structure of the clusters.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000488417800015	Publication Date	2019-08-03
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0257-8972	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.589	Times cited	1	Open Access
	Notes	; J.S. thanks the Mercury Centre at the University of Sheffield for funding, which was part funded by the ERDF under grant MERCURY 904467. I.C.M. acknowledges support from CONACyT and RobertoRocca Education Fellowship. We gratefully acknowledge funding from EPSRC for the pixelated STEM detector and the software used in its operation for the fluctuation microscopy (EP/M009963/ 1, EP/K503903/1 & EP/R511705/1). AD was supported by the EPSRC CDT in Integrative Sensing and Measurement, Grant Number EP/L016753/1. Funding sources did not influence the planning or execution of this work except to enable it. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.589
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:163700			Serial	5383
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	Author	Mogg, L.; Hao, G.-P.; Zhang, S.; Bacaksiz, C.; Zou, Y.; Haigh, S.J.; Peeters, F.M.; Geim, A.K.; Lozada-Hidalgo, M.
	Title	Atomically thin micas as proton-conducting membranes			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Nature nanotechnology	Abbreviated Journal	Nat Nanotechnol
	Volume	14	Issue	10	Pages	962-+
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	Monolayers of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) are highly permeable to thermal protons1,2. For thicker two-dimensional (2D) materials, proton conductivity diminishes exponentially, so that, for example, monolayer MoS2 that is just three atoms thick is completely impermeable to protons1. This seemed to suggest that only one-atom-thick crystals could be used as proton-conducting membranes. Here, we show that few-layer micas that are rather thick on the atomic scale become excellent proton conductors if native cations are ion-exchanged for protons. Their areal conductivity exceeds that of graphene and hBN by one to two orders of magnitude. Importantly, ion-exchanged 2D micas exhibit this high conductivity inside the infamous gap for proton-conducting materials3, which extends from ∼100 °C to 500 °C. Areal conductivity of proton-exchanged monolayer micas can reach above 100 S cm−2 at 500 °C, well above the current requirements for the industry roadmap4. We attribute the fast proton permeation to ~5-Å-wide tubular channels that perforate micas’ crystal structure, which, after ion exchange, contain only hydroxyl groups inside. Our work indicates that there could be other 2D crystals5 with similar nanometre-scale channels, which could help close the materials gap in proton-conducting applications.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000488977100016	Publication Date	2019-09-02
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1748-3387; 1748-3395	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	38.986	Times cited	44	Open Access
	Notes	; The work was supported by the Lloyd's Register Foundation, the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)-EP/N010345/1, EP/M010619/1 and EP/ P009050/1, the European Research Council, the Graphene Flagship and the Royal Society. M.L.-H. acknowledges a Leverhulme Early Career Fellowship, G.-P.H. acknowledges a Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship, and L.M. acknowledges the EPSRC NOWNano programme for funding. Y.Z. acknowledges the assistance of Eric Prestat in TEM specimen preparation. Computational resources were provided by the TUBITAK ULAKBIM High Performance and Grid Computing Center (TR-Grid e-Infrastructure). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 38.986
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:163589			Serial	5407
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	Author	Shah, N.A.; Li, L.L.; Mosallanejad, V.; Peeters, F.M.; Guo, G.-P.
	Title	Transport characteristics of multi-terminal pristine and defective phosphorene systems			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Nanotechnology	Abbreviated Journal	Nanotechnology
	Volume	30	Issue	45	Pages	455705
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	Atomic vacancies and nanopores act as local scattering centers and modify the transport properties of charge carriers in phosphorene nanoribbons (PNRs). We investigate the influence of such atomic defects on the electronic transport of multi-terminal PNR. We use the non-equilibrium Green's function approach within the tight-binding framework to calculate the transmission coefficient and the conductance. Terminals induce band mixing resulting in oscillations in the conductance. In the presence of atomic vacancies and nanopores the conductance between non-axial terminals exhibit constructive scattering, which is in contrast to mono-axial two-terminal systems where the conductance exhibits destructive scattering. This can be understood from the spatial local density of states of the transport modes in the system. Our results provide fundamental insights into the electronic transport in PNR-based multi-terminal systems and into the ability of atomic defects and nanopores through tuning the transport properties.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000483049100001	Publication Date	2019-08-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0957-4484	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.44	Times cited	8	Open Access
	Notes	; This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFA0301700), the NNSFC (Grant No. 11625419), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the CAS (Grant Nos. XDB24030601 and XDB30000000), the Anhui initiative in Quantum information Technologies (Grants No. AHY080000), and the Flemish Science Foundation (FWO-Vl). This work was also supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the World Academy of Science for the advancement of science in developing countries. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.44
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:162760			Serial	5429
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	Author	Prabhakara, V.; Jannis, D.; Béché, A.; Bender, H.; Verbeeck, J.
	Title	Strain measurement in semiconductor FinFET devices using a novel moiré demodulation technique			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Semiconductor science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	Semicond Sci Tech
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Moiré fringes are used throughout a wide variety of applications in physics and engineering to bring out small variations in an underlying lattice by comparing with another reference lattice. This method was recently demonstrated in Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy imaging to provide local strain measurement in crystals by comparing the crystal lattice with the scanning raster that then serves as the reference. The images obtained in this way contain a beating fringe pattern with a local period that represents the deviation of the lattice from the reference. In order to obtain the actual strain value, a region containing a full period of the fringe is required, which results in a compromise between strain sensitivity and spatial resolution. In this paper we propose an advanced setup making use of an optimised scanning pattern and a novel phase stepping demodulation scheme. We demonstrate the novel method on a series of 16 nm Si-Ge semiconductor FinFET devices in which strain plays a crucial role in modulating the charge carrier mobility. The obtained results are compared with both Nano-beam diffraction and the recently proposed Bessel beam diffraction technique. The setup provides a much improved spatial resolution over conventional moiré imaging in STEM while at the same time being fast and requiring no specialised diffraction camera as opposed to the diffraction techniques we compare to.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000537721200002	Publication Date	2019-11-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0268-1242	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.305	Times cited	8	Open Access
	Notes	The Qu-Ant-EM microscope and the direct electron detector used in the diffraction experiments was partly funded by the Hercules fund from the Flemish Government. This project has received funding from the GOA project “Solarpaint” of the University of Antwerp. We would also like to thank Dr. Thomas Nuytten and Prof. Dr. Wilfried Vandervorst from IMEC, Leuven for their continuous support and collaboration with the project.			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.305
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:165794			Serial	5445
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	Author	Terzano, R.; Spagnuolo, M.; Vekemans, B.; de Nolf, W.; Janssens, K.; Falkenberg, G.; Ruggiero, P.
	Title	Assessing the origin and fate of CR, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ph, and V in industrial polluted soil by combined microspectroscopic techniques and bulk extraction methods			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2007	Publication	Environmental science & technology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	41	Issue	19	Pages	6762-6769
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000249840600024	Publication Date	2007-08-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited	61	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:66622			Serial	5481
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	Author	Denecke, M.A.; Janssens, K.; Proost, K.; Rothe, J.; Noseck, U.
	Title	Confocal micrometer-scale X-ray fluorescence and X-ray absorption fine structure studies of uranium speciation in a tertiary sediment from a waste disposal natural analogue site			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2005	Publication	Environmental science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	Environ Sci Technol
	Volume	39	Issue		Pages	2049-2058
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000228172600031	Publication Date	2005-03-30
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0013-936x; 1520-5851	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.198	Times cited	47	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 6.198; 2005 IF: 4.054
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:52232			Serial	5554
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	Author	Terzano, R.; Spagnuolo, M.; Medici, L.; Vekemans, B.; Vincze, L.; Janssens, K.; Ruggiero, P.
	Title	Copper stabilization by zeolite synthesis in polluted soils treated with coal fly ash			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2005	Publication	Environmental science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	Environ Sci Technol
	Volume	39	Issue	16	Pages	6280-6287
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	This study deals with the process of zeolite formation in an agricultural soil artificially polluted by high amounts of Cu (15 mg of Cu/g of soil dry weight) and treated with fused coal fly ash at 30 and 60 degrees C and how this process affects the mobility and availability of the metal. As a consequence of the treatment, the amount of dissolved Cu, and thus its mobility, was strongly reduced, and the percentage of the metal stabilized in the solid phase increased over time, reaching values of 30% at 30 degrees C and 40% at 60 degrees C. The physicochemical phenomena responsible for Cu stabilization in the solid phase have been evaluated by EDTA sequential extractions and synchrotron radiation based X-ray microanalytical techniques. These techniques were used for the visualization of the spatial distribution and the speciation of Cu in and/or on the neo-formed zeolite particles. In particular, micro XRF (X-ray fluorescence) tomography showed direct evidence that Cu can be entrapped as clusters inside the porous zeolitic structures while,mu-XANES (X-ray absorption near edge structure) spectroscopy determinations revealed Cu to be present mainly as Cu(II) hydroxide and Cu(II) oxide. The reported results could be useful as a basic knowledge for planning new technologies for the on site physicochemical stabilization of heavy metals in heavily polluted soils.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000231203100053	Publication Date	2005-08-11
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0013-936x; 1520-5851	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.198	Times cited	39	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 6.198; 2005 IF: 4.054
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:103658			Serial	5560
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	Author	Rather, J.A.; Pilehvar, S.; De Wael, K.
	Title	Polycyclodextrin and carbon nanotubes as composite for tyrosinase immobilization and its superior electrocatalytic activity towards butylparaben an endocrine disruptor			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	15	Issue	5	Pages	3365-3372
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	We developed a protocol for the immobilization of tyrosinase (Tyr) on the composite of polycyclodextrin polymer (CDP) and carbon nanotubes for the detection of an endocrine disruptor, i.e., butylparaben (BP). The formation of the CDP polymer was characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The conducting film of cross-linked CDP and carbon nanotubes, displays excellent matrix capabilities for Tyr immobilization. The host-guest chemical reaction ability of CD and the ππ stacking interaction assure the bioactivity of Tyr towards butylparaben. The developed biosensor was characterized electrochemically by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The enzyme-substrate kinetic parameters such as the apparent Michaelis-Menten constant (K M app) was measured under saturated substrate concentration. The determination of butylparaben was carried out by using square wave voltammetry over the concentration range of 2.1 to 35.4 μM with a detection limit of 0.1 μM. The fabricated biosensor was successfully applied in real-life cosmetic samples with good recovery ranging from 98.5 to 102.8%.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000347435200007	Publication Date	2014-10-01
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1533-4899	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited	3	Open Access
	Notes	; The authors are highly thankful for the mobility grant (Non-Europe Postdoc Fellowship) for one of the author (Jahangir Ahmad Rather) supported by the Belgian Federal Science Policy (Belspo) co-funded by the Marie Curie Actions from the European Commission. Sanaz Pilehvar is funded by BOF-DOCPRO UA. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:119550			Serial	5776
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	Author	De Baere, K.; Verstraelen, H.; Willemen, R.; Smet, J.-P.; Tchuindjang, J.T.; Lecomte-Beckers, J.; Lenaerts, S.; Meskens, R.; Jung, H.G.; Potters, G.
	Title	Assessment of corrosion resistance, material properties, and weldability of alloyed steel for ballast tanks			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	Journal of marine science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	J Mar Sci Tech-Japan
	Volume	22	Issue	1	Pages	176-199
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Ballast tanks are of great importance in the lifetime of modern merchant ships. Making a ballast tank less susceptible to corrosion can, therefore, prolong the useful life of a ship and, thereby, lower its operational cost. An option to reinforce a ballast tank is to construct it out of a corrosion-resistant steel type. Such steel was recently produced by POSCO Ltd., South Korea. After 6 months of permanent immersion, the average corrosion rate of A and AH steel (31 samples) was 535 g m(-2) year(-1), while the Korean CRS was corroding with 378 g m(-2) year(-1). This entails a gain of 29 %. Follow-up measurements after 10, 20, and 24 months confirmed this. The results after 6 months exposure to alternating wet/dry conditions are even more explicit. Furthermore, the physical and metallurgical properties of this steel show a density of 7.646 t/m(3), the elasticity modulus 209.3 GPa, the tensile strength 572 MPa, and the hardness 169HV10. Microscopically, the metal consists of equiaxed and recrystallized grains (ferrite and pearlite), with an average size of between 20 and 30 A mu m (ASTM E 112-12 grain size number between 7 and 8) with a few elongated pearlitic grains. The structure is banded ferrite/pearlite. On the basis of a series of energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer measurements the lower corrosion rate of the steel can be attributed to the interplay of Al, Cr, their oxides, and the corroding steel. In addition, the role of each element in the formation of oxide layers and the mechanisms contributing to the corrosion resistance are discussed.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000395006400015	Publication Date	2016-07-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0948-4280	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	0.838	Times cited	3	Open Access
	Notes	; This paper is published with the explicit permission of POSCO Ltd., original source of the corrosion resistant steel. Due to the creativity of the POSCO engineers and scientists, we could have our challenge, presented in this manuscript. The authors wish to thank the BOF funding received from the University of Antwerp and the Maritime Academy. We also wish to express our gratitude towards to the American Bureau of Shipping for their assistance in procuring the CRS plates, their moral and financial support, as well as to OCAS (Arcelor Mittal, Zelzate, Belgium) for their assistance in a number of measurements. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 0.838
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:142509			Serial	5928
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	Author	Deng, S.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Lenaerts, S.; Martens, J.A.; Van den Berghe, S.; Devloo-Casier, K.; Devulder, W.; Dendoover, J.; Deduytsche, D.; Detavernier, C.
	Title	Controllable nitrogen doping in as deposited TiO₂ film and its effect on post deposition annealing			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	Journal of vacuum science and technology: A: vacuum surfaces and films	Abbreviated Journal	J Vac Sci Technol A
	Volume	32	Issue	1	Pages	01a123
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	In order to narrow the band gap of TiO2, nitrogen doping by combining thermal atomic layer deposition (TALD) of TiO2 and plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) of TiN has been implemented. By altering the ratio between TALD TiO2 and PEALD TiN, the as synthesized TiOxNy films showed different band gaps (from 1.91 eV to 3.14 eV). In situ x-ray diffraction characterization showed that the crystallization behavior of these films changed after nitrogen doping. After annealing in helium, nitrogen doped TiO2 films crystallized into rutile phase while for the samples annealed in air a preferential growth of the anatase TiO2 along (001) orientation was observed. Photocatalytic tests of the degradation of stearic acid were done to evaluate the effect of N doping on the photocatalytic activity.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000335847600023	Publication Date	2013-12-16
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0734-2101	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.374	Times cited	10	Open Access
	Notes	; The authors wish to thank the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO) for financial support. The authors acknowledge the European Research Council for funding under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement Nos. 239865-COCOON and 246791-COUNTATO. The authors also acknowledge the support from UGENT-GOA-01G01513 and IWT-SBO SOSLion. J.A.M. acknowledges the Flemish government for long-term structural funding (Methusalem). J.D. acknowledges the Flemisch FWO for a postdoctoral fellowship. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.374; 2014 IF: 2.322
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:117296			Serial	5936
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	Author	Verbruggen, S.W.; Masschaele, K.; Moortgat, E.; Korany, T.E.; Hauchecorne, B.; Martens, J.A.; Lenaerts, S.
	Title	Factors driving the activity of commercial titanium dioxide powders towards gas phase photocatalytic oxidation of acetaldehyde			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2012	Publication	Catalysis science & technology	Abbreviated Journal	Catal Sci Technol
	Volume	2	Issue	11	Pages	2311-2318
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	The photocatalytic activity of two commercial titanium dioxide powders (Cristal Global, Millennium PC500 and Evonik, P25) is compared towards acetaldehyde degradation in the gas phase. In contrast to the extensive literature available, we found a higher activity for the PC500 than for the P25 coating. Here, we present a comprehensive characterization of the bulk and surface properties of both powders. Our comparison shows that the material properties that dominate the overall photocatalytic activity in gas phase differ from those required for the photodegradation of water-borne pollutants.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000310863900020	Publication Date	2012-06-13
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2044-4753; 2044-4761	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	5.773	Times cited	33	Open Access
	Notes	; S.W.V. acknowledges the Research Foundation of Flanders (FWO) for the financial support. J.A.M acknowledges long term funding (Methusalem). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 5.773; 2012 IF: 3.753
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:105162			Serial	5952
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	Author	De Baere, K.; Verstraelen, H.; Lemmens, L.; Lenaerts, S.; Dewil, R.; Van Ingelgem, Y.; Potters, G.
	Title	A field study of the effectiveness of sacrificial anodes in ballast tanks of merchant ships			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	Journal of marine science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	J Mar Sci Tech-Japan
	Volume	19	Issue	1	Pages	116-123
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Sacrificial anodes have become a standard practice for the protection of ballast tanks of merchant vessels against corrosive damage. A well protected tank should extend the life span of a ship and consequently enhances its economic value. An in situ survey comprising more than 100 merchant vessels provided the opportunity to measure the impact of these anodes on the life expectancy of these vessels. Contrary to the general belief of these anodes beneficial effect, no significant difference was found in our observations in terms of corrosion occurrence between ship populations with and without sacrificial anodes, across all ship ages. This may be explained by the highly variable conditions and the complex geometry in a ballast tank severely impede optimal and straightforward installation of these anodes in these tanks. Also, poorly placed anodes in it may harm the integrity of the coating of the tank. We therefore plead for uniform and clear rules on anode installation and inspection.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000332693300008	Publication Date	2013-07-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0948-4280	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	0.838	Times cited	3	Open Access
	Notes	; This work was financed by a BOF Academisation grant of the University of Antwerp and the Antwerp Maritime Academy. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 0.838; 2014 IF: 0.805
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:109348			Serial	5953
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	Author	Tytgat, T.; Smits, M.; Lenaerts, S.; Verbruggen, S.W.
	Title	Immobilization of TiO₂ into self-supporting photocatalytic foam : influence of calcination temperature			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	International journal of applied ceramic technology	Abbreviated Journal	Int J Appl Ceram Tec
	Volume	11	Issue	4	Pages	714-722
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Immobilization of photocatalytic powder is crucial to obtain industrially relevant purification processes. To achieve this goal, self-supporting TiO2 foams were manufactured by a polyacrylamide gel process. These gels were calcined at different temperatures to study the effect of the calcination temperature on foam characteristics (rigidity, crystallinity, and porosity) and its influence on photocatalytic activity. The results show that an optimal degradation is achieved for those foams calcined between 700 and 800°C. Calcination at higher temperatures results in a steep decrease in activity, explained by stability issues of the material due to formation of Na2SO4 phases and a larger rutile fraction.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000339051500012	Publication Date	2013-04-24
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1546-542x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.048	Times cited	2	Open Access
	Notes	; This work was supported by a PhD grant from the Institute of Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.048; 2014 IF: 1.320
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:117295			Serial	5960
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	Author	Sóti, V.; Jacquet, N.; Apers, S.; Richel, A.; Lenaerts, S.; Cornet, I.
	Title	Monitoring the laccase reaction of vanillin and poplar hydrolysate			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology	Abbreviated Journal	J Chem Technol Biot
	Volume	91	Issue	6	Pages	1914-1922
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL); Biochemical Wastewater Valorization & Engineering (BioWaVE)
	Abstract	BACKGROUND Laccase is an intensively researched enzyme for industrial use. Except for decolorisation measurements, HPLC analysis is the conventional method for monitoring the phenolic removal during laccase enzyme reaction. This paper reports an investigation of the continuous UV absorbance follow-up of the laccase reaction with steam pretreated poplar hydrolysate. RESULTS Vanillin was used as a model substrate and lignocellulose xylose rich fraction (XRF) as a biologically complex substrate for laccase detoxification. The reaction was followed by HPLC-UV as well as by UV spectrometric measurements. Results suggest that the reaction can be successfully monitored by measuring the change of UV absorbance at 280 nm, without previous compound separation. In case of XRF experiments the spectrophotometric follow-up is especially useful, as HPLC analysis takes a long time and provides less information than in case of single substrates. The method seems to be suitable for optimization and process control. CONCLUSION The obtained results can help to construct a fast, easy and straightforward monitoring system for laccase-phenolic substrate reactions.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000375768300040	Publication Date	2015-07-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0268-2575; 1097-4660	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.135	Times cited	3	Open Access
	Notes	; This research is financed by the University of Antwerp (project number 15 FA100 002). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.135
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:127694			Serial	5972
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	Author	Sóti, V.; Lenaerts, S.; Cornet, I.
	Title	Of enzyme use in cost-effective high solid simultaneous saccharification and fermentation processes			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Journal of biotechnology	Abbreviated Journal	J Biotechnol
	Volume	270	Issue	270	Pages	70-76
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL); Biochemical Wastewater Valorization & Engineering (BioWaVE)
	Abstract	Enzyme cost is considered to be one of the most significant factors defining the final product price in lignocellulose hydrolysis and fermentation. Enzyme immobilization and recycling can be a tool to decrease costs. However, high solid loading is a key factor towards high product titers, and recovery of immobilized enzymes from this thick liquid is often overlooked. This paper aims to evaluate the economic feasibility of immobilized enzymes in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of lignocellulose biomass in general, as well as the recuperation of magnetic immobilized enzymes (m-CLEAs) during high solid loading in simultaneous saccharification, detoxification and fermentation processes (SSDF) of lignocellulose biomass. Enzyme prices were obtained from general cost estimations by Klein-Marcuschamer et al. [Klein-Marcuschamer et al. (2012) Biotechnol. Bioeng. 109, 10831087]. During enzyme cost analysis, the influence of inoculum recirculation as well as a shortened fermentation time was explored. Both resulted in 15% decrease of final enzyme product price. Enzyme recuperation was investigated experimentally and 99.5 m/m% of m-CLEAs was recovered from liquid medium in one step, while 88 m/m% could still be recycled from a thick liquid with high solid concentrations (SSF fermentation broth). A mathematical model was constructed to calculate the cost of immobilized and free enzyme utilization and showed that, with current process efficiencies and commercial enzyme prices, the cost reduction obtained by enzyme immobilization can reach around 60% compared to free enzyme utilization, while lower enzyme prices will result in a lower percentage of immobilization related savings, but overall enzyme costs will decrease significantly. These results are applied in a case study, estimating the viability of shifting from sugar to lignocellulose substrate for a 100 t lactic acid fermentation batch. It was concluded that it will only be economically feasible if the enzymes are produced at the most optimistic variable cost and either the activity of the immobilized catalyst or the recovery efficiency is further increased.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000427556400009	Publication Date	2018-02-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0168-1656	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.599	Times cited	6	Open Access
	Notes	; This research is financed by the University of Antwerp [project number 15 FA100 002]. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.599
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:149006			Serial	5974
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	Author	Huyskens, C.; De Wever, H.; Fovet, Y.; Wegmann, U.; Diels, L.; Lenaerts, S.
	Title	Screening of novel MBR fouling reducers : benchmarking with known fouling reducers and evaluation of their mechanism of action			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2012	Publication	Separation and purification technology	Abbreviated Journal	Sep Purif Technol
	Volume	95	Issue		Pages	49-57
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	A novel fouling characterization method was applied for a first screening of two novel synthetic flocculants developed by BASF (BASF-1 and BASF-2) and benchmarking with six well-known products. Results showed that this MBR-VITO Fouling Measurement (VFM) was able to identify beneficial and adverse effects of different additives on the mixed liquor's reversible and irreversible fouling and, in combination with supporting mixed liquor analyses, allowed to identify the additive's main working mechanism. The first screening tests indicated that BASF-1 and BASF-2 reduced reversible and irreversible fouling to a similar extent as the known synthetic flocculants due to a charge neutralization mechanism, resulting in enhanced flocculation and SMP removal. Further testing at different additive concentrations provided a first indication of the optimal dosage and revealed a considerable risk of overdosing for BASF-2, rendering it less suited for fouling control. In contrast, such adverse effects were not observed for BASF-1. BASF-1 induced similar beneficial effects as the known MPE50 polymer at lower dosage and was therefore considered promising for application in MBRs. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000307032100008	Publication Date	2012-04-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1383-5866	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.359	Times cited	24	Open Access
	Notes	; The authors would like to thank K. Luyckx, J. Fret, L. Heylen, R. Muyshondt, H. Sterckx, J. Verheyden and J. Vande-Velden for technical assistance and V. Iversen for kindly supplying some of the commercial additives. Celine Huyskens is indebted to the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO). The European Commission is acknowledged for financial support to Aquafit4use (FP7, Grant 211534). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.359; 2012 IF: 2.894
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:101903			Serial	5990
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	Author	Huyskens, C.; Lenaerts, S.; Brauns, E.; Diels, L.; de Wever, H.
	Title	Study of (ir)reversible fouling in MBRs under various operating conditions using new on-line fouling sensor			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Separation and purification technology	Abbreviated Journal	Sep Purif Technol
	Volume	81	Issue	2	Pages	208-215
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	In this study, a new fouling sensor was validated under different conditions of hydraulic (HRT) and sludge retention time (SRT). The MBR-VFM (membrane bioreactor-VITO Fouling Measurement) allows the simultaneous determination of the physically reversible and irreversible fouling potential of a mixed liquor during a single crossflow filtration test. In accordance with the on-line filtration behavior, the measured reversible and irreversible fouling propensities differed significantly between MBRs operated at different combinations of HRT-SRT. Moreover, a significant negative correlation was found between the on-line permeability and the reversible and irreversible fouling propensity measured by the MBR-VFM. This corresponded to observations made on membrane recovery after physical or chemical cleaning actions. Higher reversible and irreversible fouling were observed at lower HRT, presumably as a consequence of increased concentrations of foulants present. The effect of SRT was much smaller and restricted to the reversible fouling component. Possible explanations for the increased fouling at prolonged SRT are the higher sludge and colloid concentration and the smaller floc size. It can be concluded that the MBR-VFM is a useful tool to monitor fluctuations in a mixed liquors (ir)reversible fouling potential and can contribute to a deeper understanding of the occurring fouling phenomena.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000296108500012	Publication Date	2011-08-01
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1383-5866	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.359	Times cited	15	Open Access
	Notes	; ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.359; 2011 IF: 2.921
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:93410			Serial	5992
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	Author	Van Wesenbeeck, K.; Hauchecorne, B.; Lenaerts, S.
	Title	Study of positive and negative plasma catalytic oxidation of ethylene			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	Environmental technology	Abbreviated Journal	Environ Technol
	Volume	38	Issue	12	Pages	1554-1561
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	The effect of introducing a photocatalytically active coating inside a plasma unit is investigated. This technique combines the advantages of high product selectivity from catalysis and the fast start-up from plasma technology. In this study, a preselected TiO2 coating is applied on the collector electrode of a DC corona discharge unit as non-thermal plasma reactor, in order to study the oxidation of ethylene. For both positive and negative polarities an enhanced mineralization is observed while the formation of by-products drastically decreases. The plasma catalytic unit gave the best results when using negative polarity at a voltage of 15kV. This shows the potential of plasma catalysis as indoor air purification technology.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000402018900010	Publication Date	2016-10-03
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0959-3330	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.751	Times cited	1	Open Access
	Notes	; The authors wish to thank the University of Antwerp for supporting and funding this research. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.751
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:144351			Serial	5993
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	Author	Blommaerts, N.; Dingenen, F.; Middelkoop, V.; Savelkouls, J.; Goemans, M.; Tytgat, T.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Lenaerts, S.
	Title	Ultrafast screening of commercial sorbent materials for VOC adsorption using real-time FTIR spectroscopy			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Separation and purification technology	Abbreviated Journal	Sep Purif Technol
	Volume	207	Issue	207	Pages	284-290
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Recovery of valuable volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from waste streams is of great industrial importance. Adsorption on zeolites offers an economically and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional activated carbon. When evaluating the suitability of a given zeolite for a particular adsorption application, its adsorption capacity has to be determined. This is traditionally achieved using gas chromatography as an analysis tool, yielding only a few discrete sampling points that constitute the adsorption profile. Meanwhile, only low flow rates and low concentrations of volatile organics can be used, rendering the procedure troublesome and time consuming. Herein, we propose a tool for the fast screening of a large amount of zeolites using on-line and quasi real-time Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The technique was used to determine the adsorption capacity of three different commercial zeolites and two silica gels, for five industrially relevant VOCs: acetone; methanol; isohexane; isopentane; and toluene. A series of rapid measurements of the individual adsorption capacities were carried out to obtain a detailed overview of the versatility of the proposed method for the characterization of multi-component and multi-sorption bed systems.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000445987500032	Publication Date	2018-06-27
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1383-5866	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.359	Times cited	5	Open Access
	Notes	; We would like to thank Vlaams Agenschap Innoveren & Ondernemen (VLAIO) for financial support. The authors would also like to thank Kureha GmbH, Germany for kindly supplying us with their BAC (R) (bead-shaped activated carbon) samples. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.359
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:154694			Serial	6000
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	Author	Hauchecorne, B.; Tytgat, T.; Terrens, D.; Vanpachtenbeke, F.; Lenaerts, S.
	Title	Validation of a newly developed FTIR in situ reactor: real time study of photocatalytic degradation of nitric oxide			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2010	Publication	Infrared physics and technology	Abbreviated Journal	Infrared Phys Techn
	Volume	53	Issue	6	Pages	469-473
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	For many years, photocatalysis has been proposed as one of the promising techniques to abate environmental pollutants. To improve these reactions it is vital to know the reaction mechanisms of the photocatalytic degradation. This new reactor will make it possible to study the catalytic surface at the moment the reactions occur. By the means of UV LED illumination there is no need of an external UV lamp and thus lowers the cost. The validation of this newly developed reactor is done by investigating the photocatalytic reaction mechanism of nitric oxide (NO) and comparing these findings with those already discussed in literature. From these results, it became clear that the newly developed FTIR in situ reactor allows real time study of photocatalytic degradations.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000285169400009	Publication Date	2010-10-09
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1350-4495	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.713	Times cited	12	Open Access
	Notes	; ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.713; 2010 IF: 0.932
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:84561			Serial	6002
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	Author	Van Eynde, E.; Lenaerts, B.; Tytgat, T.; Blust, R.; Lenaerts, S.
	Title	Valorization of flue gas by combining photocatalytic gas pretreatment with microalgae production			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Environmental science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	Environ Sci Technol
	Volume	50	Issue	5	Pages	2538-2545
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Utilization of flue gas for algae cultivation seems to be a promising route because flue gas from fossil-fuel combustion processes contains the high amounts of carbon (CO2) and nitrogen (NO) that are required for algae growth. NO is a poor nitrogen source for algae cultivation because of its low reactivity and solubility in water and its toxicity for algae at high concentrations. Here, we present a novel strategy to valorize NO from flue gas as feedstock for algae production by combining a photocatalytic gas pretreatment unit with a microalgal photobioreactor. The photocatalytic air pretreatment transforms NO gas into NO2 gas and thereby enhances the absorption of NO in the cultivation broth. The absorbed NOx will form NO2- and NO3- that can be used as a nitrogen source by algae. The effect of photocatalytic air pretreatment on the growth and biomass productivity of the algae Thalassiosira weissflogii in a semicontinuous system aerated with a model flue gas (1% CO2 and 50 ppm of NO) is investigated during a long-term experiment. The integrated system makes it possible to produce algae with NO from flue gas as the sole nitrogen source and reduces the NOx content in the exhaust gas by 84%.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000371371700048	Publication Date	2016-02-03
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0013-936x; 1520-5851	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.198	Times cited	6	Open Access
	Notes	; ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.198
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:132348			Serial	6003
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	Author	Thomassen, G.; Van Dael, M.; Van Passel, S.
	Title	The potential of microalgae biorefineries in Belgium and India : an environmental techno-economic assessment			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Bioresource Technology	Abbreviated Journal	Bioresource Technol
	Volume	267	Issue	267	Pages	271-280
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM)
	Abstract	This study performs an environmental techno-economic assessment (ETEA) for multiple microalgae biorefinery concepts at different locations, those being Belgium and India. The ETEA methodology, which integrates aspects of the TEA and LCA methodologies and provides a clear framework for an integrated assessment model, has been proposed and discussed. The scenario in India has a higher profitability with a NPV of (sic)40 million over a period of 10 years, while the environmental impact in Belgium is lower. The inclusion of a medium recycling step provides the best scenario from both perspectives. The crucial parameters for feasibility are the beta-caroteneprice and content, the upstream environmental impact of electricity and the maximum biomass concentration during cultivation. The identification of these parameters by the ETEA guides future technology developments and shortens the time-to-market for microalgal-based biorefineries.
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000441876100034	Publication Date	2018-07-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0960-8524	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	5.651	Times cited	8	Open Access
	Notes	; ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 5.651
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:153599			Serial	6270
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	Author	Zarafshani, K.; Ghasemi, S.; Houshyar, E.; Ghanbari, R.; Van Passel, S.; Azadi, H.
	Title	Canola adoption enhancement in Western Iran			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	Journal Of Agricultural Science And Technology	Abbreviated Journal	J Agr Sci Tech-Iran
	Volume	19	Issue	1	Pages	47-58
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering Management (ENM)
	Abstract	Canola production is an important alternative for agricultural policy-makers in Iran to reduce dependency on the imported vegetable oils. Nevertheless, the canola planted area is only increasing at a slow pace, indicating a low willingness-to-accept of farmers. The general aim of this study was to determine the factors influencing the canola adoption in the Kermanshah Province in Western Iran. Employing stratified random sampling method, 106 farmers from each adopter and non-adopter group were selected. Helping to reach a suitable extensional program, two main categories of variables were defined; i.e. farmers personal characteristics and extension parameters. The analysis of farmers personal characteristics variables revealed that the adopters had larger farms and were younger. The results also show that 80% of the adopters were highly to very highly willing to cultivate canola. Furthermore, a logistic regression model estimated the influence of extensional parameters variables on the canola adoption. According to the regression model, the most effective factors are contact with extension agents and participating in extension classes. As a conclusion, it is suggested that the focus of extension services should be to reduce the distance to agricultural service centers in combination with more contact with extension agents and classes.
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1680-7073	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor	0.813	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 0.813
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:140684			Serial	6164
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	Author	Sun, S.R.; Wang, H.X.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Chemistry reduction of complex CO₂chemical kinetics: application to a gliding arc plasma			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Plasma Sources Science & Technology	Abbreviated Journal	Plasma Sources Sci T
	Volume	29	Issue	2	Pages	025012
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	A gliding arc (GA) plasma has great potential for CO2 conversion into value-added chemicals, because of its high energy efﬁciency. To improve the application, a 2D/3D ﬂuid model is needed to investigate the CO2 conversion mechanisms in the actual discharge geometry. Therefore, the complex CO2 chemical kinetics description must be reduced due to the huge computational cost associated with 2D/3D models. This paper presents a chemistry reduction method for CO2 plasmas, based on the so-called directed relation graph method. Depending on the deﬁned threshold values, some marginal species are identiﬁed. By means of a sensitivity analysis, we can further reduce the chemistry set by removing one by one the marginal species. Based on the socalled ﬂux-sensitivity coupling, we obtain a reduced CO2 kinetics model, consisting of 36 or 15 species (depending on whether the 21 asymmetric mode vibrational states of CO2 are explicitly included or lumped into one group), which is applied to a GA discharge. The results are compared with those predicted with the full chemistry set, and very good agreement is reached. Moreover, the range of validity of the reduced CO2 chemistry set is checked, telling us that this reduced set is suitable for low power GA discharges. Finally, the time and spatial evolution of the CO2 plasma characteristics are presented, based on a 2D model with the reduced kinetics.
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	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000525600600001	Publication Date	2020-02-11
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1361-6595	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.8	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	We acknowledge ﬁnancial support from the Fund for Scientiﬁc Research Flanders (FWO; Grant No. G.0383.16 N). The calculations were performed using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UAntwerpen), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UAntwerpen. This work was also supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. (Grant Nos. 11735004, 11575019). SR Sun thanks the ﬁnancial support from the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents (BX20180029).			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.8; 2020 IF: 3.302
	Call Number	PLASMANT @ plasmant @c:irua:167135			Serial	6338
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	Author	Spanoghe, J.; Grunert, O.; Wambacq, E.; Sakarika, M.; Papini, G.; Alloul, A.; Spiller, M.; Derycke, V.; Stragier, L.; Verstraete, H.; Fauconnier, K.; Verstraete, W.; Haesaert, G.; Vlaeminck, S.E.
	Title	Storage, fertilization and cost properties highlight the potential of dried microbial biomass as organic fertilizer			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Microbial biotechnology	Abbreviated Journal	Microb. Biotechnol.
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1-13
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	The transition to sustainable agriculture and horticulture is a societal challenge of global importance. Fertilization with a minimum impact on the environment can facilitate this. Organic fertilizers can play an important role, given their typical release pattern and production through resource recovery. Microbial fertilizers (MFs) constitute an emerging class of organic fertilizers and consist of dried microbial biomass, for instance produced on effluents from the food and beverage industry. In this study, three groups of organisms were tested as MFs: a high-rate consortium aerobic bacteria (CAB), the microalga Arthrospira platensis (‘Spirulina’) and a purple non-sulfur bacterium (PNSB) Rhodobacter sp. During storage as dry products, the MFs showed light hygroscopic activity, but the mineral and organic fractions remained stable over a storage period of 91 days. For biological tests, a reference organic fertilizer (ROF) was used as positive control, and a commercial organic growing medium (GM) as substrate. The mineralization patterns without and with plants were similar for all MFs and ROF, with more than 70% of the organic nitrogen mineralized in 77 days. In a first fertilization trial with parsley, all MFs showed equal performance compared to ROF, and the plant fresh weight was even higher with CAB fertilization. CAB was subsequently used in a follow-up trial with petunia and resulted in elevated plant height, comparable chlorophyll content and a higher amount of flowers compared to ROF. Finally, a cost estimation for packed GM with supplemented fertilizer indicated that CAB and a blend of CAB/PNSB (85%/15%) were most cost competitive, with an increase of 6% and 7% in cost compared to ROF. In conclusion, as biobased fertilizers, MFs have the potential to contribute to sustainable plant nutrition, performing as good as a commercially available organic fertilizer, and to a circular economy.
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	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000563539700001	Publication Date	2020-03-16
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1751-7915	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	5.7	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	The authors would like to kindly acknowledge (i) the MIP i‐Cleantech Flanders (Milieu‐innovatieplatform; Environment innovation platform) project Microbial Nutrients on Demand (MicroNOD) for financial support, (ii) the DOCPRO4 project ‘PurpleTech’, funded by the BOF (Bijzonder onderzoeksfonds; Special research fund) from the University of Antwerp for financially supporting J.S., (iii) all MicroNOD partners, including the University of Antwerp, Ghent University, AgrAqua, Greenyard Horticulture and Avecom; and (iv) all steering committee members, including Greenyard Frozen, Agristo, AVBS, Vlakwa, het Innovatiesteunpunt, VCM and OVAM.			Approved	Most recent IF: 5.7; 2020 IF: NA
	Call Number	DuEL @ duel @c:irua:167595			Serial	6357
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