|
“Study of the Antarctic aerosol using X-ray fluorescence and single particle analysis”. Rojas CM, Van Grieken RE, Cantillano ME, Scientific series of the Chilean Antarctic Institute (Ser. Cinet. INACH) 42, 37 (1992)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
|
|
|
“Study of the heavy metal concentration, deposition and sources of the North Sea aerosols using X-ray emission techniques”. Injuk J, van Malderen H, Van Grieken R page 793 (1993).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
|
|
|
“Study of the main physical processes contributing to image formation in emission radiography using mathematical modeling”. Leyva Pernia D, Cabal Rodríguez AE, Schalm O, van Espen P, Piñera Hernández I, Abreu Alfonso Y, (2013)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
|
|
|
“A study of the weathering of an historic building”. Leysen L, Roekens E, Komy Z, Van Grieken R, Analytica chimica acta 195, 247 (1987). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85666-4
Abstract: Various bulk and surface analytical techniques were used to study the chemical deterioration of the 13th-to-15th century limestone cathedral in Mechelen, Belgium. The weathering crust on the walls was found to be rich in sulfate, regardless of the geographic orientation. Nitrate and chloride were only detected in minor amounts in the crust and run-off samples. Attack by gaseous sulfur compounds seems to play a dominant role in the stone deterioration mechanism. Electron microprobe analysis showed predominantly bar-shaped gypsum crystals in the crust, and laser microprobe mass spectrometry showed that carbon seems to be responsible for the blackness of most crust samples. Automated electron microprobe analysis also indicated significant differences in the analytical composition of suspensions in run-off water and in rain-water.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85666-4
|
|
|
“Study of the winter and summer changes of the air composition in the church of Szalowa, Poland, related to conservation”. Worobiec A, Samek L, Spolnik Z, Kontozova V, Stefaniak E, Van Grieken R, Microchimica acta 156, 253 (2006). http://doi.org/10.1007/S00604-006-0619-5
Abstract: The St. Michael Archangel's Church in Szalowa, Poland, was selected for closer investigation with respect to the indoor/outdoor air exchange and its influence on the air quality and work arts preservation. Chemical composition, size and abundance of particulate matter and concentration of gases NO2, SO2, O-3 inside and outside the church were determined. To study seasonal variation of the weather condition (temperature, inversion level, wind direction) and the influence of seasonal sources of the air pollution (like heating of the nearby houses), samples were collected in winter and summer time. It was stated that suspended particulate matter inside the wooden church has in general an outdoor source. Several groups of particles were distinguished such as the organic ones, soil dust, nitrates and sulphates. In case of organic and soil dust particles, the concentration inside was higher than outside. From the results, in comparison to literature data, one can conclude that accumulation of particulate suspended matter in the church is more intense than in other types of buildings. Gaseous pollutants were detected but their concentration was negligible.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
DOI: 10.1007/S00604-006-0619-5
|
|
|
“Studying aerosol samples by non-linear mapping of electron probe microanalysis data”. Treiger B, van Malderen H, Bondarenko I, van Espen P, Van Grieken R, Analytica chimica acta 284, 119 (1993). http://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2670(93)80014-C
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
DOI: 10.1016/0003-2670(93)80014-C
|
|
|
“Studying the composition of atmospheric aerosols through the joint application of hierarchical, non-hierarchical and fuzzy clustering to EPXMA data sets”. Treiger B, Bondarenko I, van Malderen H, Van Grieken R, (1996)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
|
|
|
“Sub-minute determination of BTEX in environmental samples using low pressure GC-ITMS”. Joos PE, Godoi AFL, de Jong R, de Zeeuw J, Van Grieken R, (2002)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
|
|
|
“Sub-part-per-billion determination of total dissolved selenium and selenite in environmental waters by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry”. Robberecht HJ, Van Grieken RE, Analytical chemistry 52, 449 (1980). http://doi.org/10.1021/AC50053A017
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1021/AC50053A017
|
|
|
“Substrate selection for optimum qualitative and quantitative single atmospheric particles analysis using nano-manipulation, sequential thin-window electron probe X-ray microanalysis and micro-Raman spectrometry”. Godoi RHM, Potgieter-Vermaak S, de Hoog J, Kaegi R, Van Grieken R, Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy 61, 375 (2006). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.SAB.2006.02.004
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.SAB.2006.02.004
|
|
|
“Substrates with a periodic surface structure in grazing-exit X-ray microanalysis”. Bekshaev A, Van Grieken R, Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy 57, 865 (2002). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0584-8547(02)00019-8
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0584-8547(02)00019-8
|
|
|
“Sulfur and heavy metals over the Atlantic Ocean : comparison with other marine data”. Maenhaut W, Selen A, van Espen P, Van Grieken R, Winchester JW, (1980)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
|
|
|
“Sulphite and sulphate concentrations in weathering products of sandy limestone and in deposition samples”. Roekens E, Bleyen C, Van Grieken R, Environmental pollution 57, 289 (1989). http://doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(89)90084-5
Abstract: The sulphite and sulphate concentrations in weathering products of limestone and in wet and total deposition samples were measured by the modified West-Gaeke method and by ion chromatography. The sulphite content in the weathering crust and in the runoff rainwater of two historical buildings in Belgium, was always much lower than the sulphate content. The maximum sulphite to sulphate ratio was 2·5%. The sulphite concentration in wet and total deposition samples was in the low or sub ppm range except during two misty periods when the sulphite concentration was 6·8 and 21 mg litre−1. In those samples a high sulphate concentration was also found (nl. 57 and 137 mg litre−1, respectively).
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0269-7491(89)90084-5
|
|
|
“Supplementing the eye : the technical analysis of Frans Hals's paintings –, ii”. Tummers A, Wallert A, De Keyser N, The Burlington magazine 161, 996 (2019)
Abstract: The painting 'Two fisherboys' has long caused confusion among experts. A close comparison of the painting with a forgery by Han van Meegeren and Frans Hals's `Fisherboy' solves the conundrum and provides valuable insights into the merits and drawbacks of modern analytical techniques.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
|
|
|
“Surface composition alteration of bare and treated limestones after ambient exposure”. Vleugels G, Fobe B, Dewolfs R, Van Grieken R, The science of the total environment 151, 59 (1994). http://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(94)90486-3
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0048-9697(94)90486-3
|
|
|
“Surface plasmon resonance-induced visible light photocatalytic TiO₂, modified with AuNPs for the quantification of hydroquinone”. Mendonça CD, Khan SU, Rahemi V, Verbruggen SW, Machado SAS, De Wael K, Electrochimica Acta 389, 138734 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.ELECTACTA.2021.138734
Abstract: The impregnation of size-controlled gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on an anatase TiO2 structure (AuNPs@TiO2) was studied for the photoelectrochemical detection of hydroquinone (HQ) under visible light illumination integrated into a flow injection analysis (FIA) setup. The crystalline form of TiO2 was preserved during synthesis and the homogeneous distribution of AuNPs over the TiO2 structure was confirmed. Its photoelectrocatalytic activity was improved due to the presence of AuNPs, preventing charge recombination in TiO2 and improving its light absorption ability by the surface plasmon resonance effect (SPR). The FIA system was used in order to significantly reduce the electrode fouling during electroanalysis through periodic washing steps of the electrode surface. During the amperometric detection process, reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated by visible light illumination of AuNPs@TiO2, participate in the oxidation process of HQ. The reduction of the oxidized form of HQ, i.e. benzoquinone (BQ) occurs by applying a negative potential and the measurable amperometric response will be proportional to the initial HQ concentration. The influencing parameters on the response of the amperometric photocurrent such as applied potential, flow rate and pH were investigated. The linear correlation between the amperometric response and the concentration of HQ was recorded (range 0.0125 – 1.0 µM) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 33.8 nM and sensitivity of 0.22 A M−1 cm−2. In this study, we illustrated for the first time that the impregnation of AuNPs in TiO2 allows the sensitive detection of phenolic substances under green laser illumination by using a photoelectrochemical flow system.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
Impact Factor: 4.798
DOI: 10.1016/J.ELECTACTA.2021.138734
|
|
|
“Suspended matter in run-off water from limestone exposure setups”. Vleugels G, Van Grieken R, The science of the total environment 170, 125 (1995). http://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(95)04611-4
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0048-9697(95)04611-4
|
|
|
“The sweet detection of rolling circle amplification : glucose-based electrochemical genosensor for the detection of viral nucleic acid”. Ciftci S, Cánovas R, Neumann F, Paulraj T, Nilsson M, Crespo GA, Madaboosi N, Biosensors &, Bioelectronics 151, 112002 (2020). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIOS.2019.112002
Abstract: Herein, an isothermal padlock probe-based assay for the simple and portable detection of pathogens coupled with a glucose oxidase (GOx)-based electrochemical readout is reported. Infectious diseases remain a constant threat on a global scale, as in recurring pandemics. Rapid and portable diagnostics hold the promise to tackle the spreading of diseases and decentralising healthcare to point-of-care needs. Ebola, a hypervariable RNA virus causing fatalities of up to 90% for recent outbreaks in Africa, demands immediate attention for bedside diagnostics. The design of the demonstrated assay consists of a rolling circle amplification (RCA) technique, responsible for the generation of nucleic acid amplicons as RCA products (RCPs). The RCPs are generated on magnetic beads (MB) and subsequently, connected via streptavidin-biotin bonds to GOx. The enzymatic catalysis of glucose by the bound GOx allows for an indirect electrochemical measurement of the DNA target. The RCPs generated on the surface of the MB were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, and among other experimental conditions such as the type of buffer, temperature, concentration of GOx, sampling and measurement time were evaluated for the optimum electrochemical detection. Accordingly, 125 μg mL−1 of GOx with 5 mM glucose using phosphate buffer saline (PBS), monitored for 1 min were selected as the ideal conditions. Finally, we assessed the analytical performance of the biosensing strategy by using clinical samples of Ebola virus from patients. Overall, this work provides a proof-of-concept bioassay for simple and portable molecular diagnostics of emerging pathogens using electrochemical detection, especially in resource-limited settings.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Impact Factor: 12.6
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOS.2019.112002
|
|
|
“Synchrotron computed X-ray fluorescence microtomography in environmental and earth sciences”. Vincze L, Vekemans B, Adams F, (2003)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
|
|
|
“Synchrotron computed X-ray fluorescence tomography in environmental and earth sciences: radiation”. Vincze L, Vekemans B, Adams F, (2004)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
|
|
|
“Synchrotron radiation for microscopic X-ray fluorescence analysis”. Adams F, Vincze L, Vekemans B page 343 (2004).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
|
|
|
“Synthesis and characterization of heteroleptic rare earth double-decker complexes involving tetradiazepinoporphyrazine and phthalocyanine macrocycles”. Tarakanova EN, Tarakanov PA, Simakov AO, Furuyama T, Kobayashi N, Konev DV, Goncharova OA, Trashin SA, De Wael K, Sulimenkov IV, Filatov VV, Kozlovskiy VI, Tomilova LG, Stuzhin PA, Pushkarev VE, Dalton Transactions 50, 6245 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1039/D1DT00088H
Abstract: Reaction of (2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octabutylphthalocyaninato)lanthanide(iii) acetylacetonates ((Bu)PcLn(acac), 1a-c, Ln = Lu (a), Eu (b), La (c)) with a tetrakis(5,7-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)-6H-1,4-diazepino)[2,3-b,g,l,q]porphyrazine ligand ((tBuPh)DzPzH(2), 2) produced sandwich compounds ((tBuPh)DzPz)Ln(Pc-Bu) (3a-c), which represent the first heteroleptic double-deckers incorporating both Pc and DzPz decks. A combination of high-resolution mass spectrometry, UV-Vis/NIR, MCD, and H-1 NMR spectroscopy, and square-wave voltammetry provided unambiguous characterization of target complexes 3 indicating that their spectral and electrochemical properties are generally intermediate with respect to their homoleptic relatives. Based on the data of solution-state H-1-H-1 NMR (COSY, NOESY) correlation spectroscopy supported by DFT calculations, a dimerization tendency of compounds 3 proportional to the Ln(iii) ion size was found. The spectroelectrochemical study of 3 and the corresponding homoleptic double-deckers revealed a pronounced tendency to aggregation of the one-electron oxidized forms of DzPz-containing double-decker complexes compared to homoleptic Pc(2)Ln compounds.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Impact Factor: 4.029
DOI: 10.1039/D1DT00088H
|
|
|
“Synthesis of a chelating cellulose filter with 2,2-diaminodiethylamine functional groups”. Smits J, Van Grieken R, Zeitschrift für angewandte Makromolekare Chemie 72, 105 (1978)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
|
|
|
“Tackling the problem of sensing commonly abused drugs through nanomaterials and (bio)recognition approaches”. Truta F, Florea A, Cernat A, Tertis M, Hosu O, De Wael K, Cristea C, Frontiers In Chemistry 8, 561638 (2020). http://doi.org/10.3389/FCHEM.2020.561638
Abstract: We summarize herein the literature in the last decade, involving the use of nanomaterials and various (bio)recognition elements, such as antibodies, aptamers and molecularly imprinted polymers, for the development of sensitive and selective (bio)sensors for illicit drugs with a focus on electrochemical transduction systems. The use and abuse of illicit drugs remains an increasing challenge for worldwide authorities and, therefore, it is important to have accurate methods to detect them in seized samples, biological fluids and wastewaters. They are recently classified as the latest group of “emerging pollutants,” as their consumption has increased tremendously in recent years. Nanomaterials, antibodies, aptamers and molecularly imprinted polymers have gained much attention over the last decade in the development of (bio)sensors for a myriad of applications. The applicability of these (nano)materials, functionalized or not, has significantly increased, and are therefore highly suitable for use in the detection of drugs. Lately, such functionalized nanoscale materials have assisted in the detection of illicit drugs fingerprints, providing large surface area, functional groups and unique properties that facilitate sensitive and selective sensing. The review discusses the types of commonly abused drugs and their toxicological implications, classification of functionalized nanomaterials (graphene, carbon nanotubes), their fabrication, and their application on real samples in different fields of forensic science. Biosensors for drugs of abuse from the last decade's literature are then exemplified. It also offers insights into the prospects and challenges of bringing the functionalized nanobased technology to the end user in the laboratories or in-field.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Impact Factor: 5.5
DOI: 10.3389/FCHEM.2020.561638
|
|
|
“Tangible versus intangible in e-learning on cultural heritage : from online learning to on-site study of historic sites”. Lobovikov-Katz A, Moropoulou A, Konstanti A, Ortiz Calderon P, Van Grieken R, Worth S, Cassar JA, De Angelis R, Biscontin G, Izzo FC, Lecture notes in computer science
T2 –, 5th EuroMed International Conference, NOV 03-08, 2014, Amathus, CYPRUS 8740, 819 (2014). http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13695-0_84
Abstract: The revolutionary development in digital theory and technology calls for non-trivial decisions in bridging between the virtual and real worlds. The field of conservation of cultural heritage thus provides various challenges, especially with regards to learning, study and investigation of tangible heritage through applications of intangible ICT technologies. This paper examines the interaction between e-learning, and the actual on-site learning and study of historic buildings and sites, with an emphasis on their visual characteristics. In this context, the paper presents some aspects of application of a methodology which allows basic documentation, monitoring and primary analysis of data on cultural (built) heritage sites by general public through educational process enabled by an e-learning platform.
Keywords: P1 Proceeding; Documentation and information; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-13695-0_84
|
|
|
“M\alpha/L\alpha intensity ratios for Ta, W, Pt, Au, Pb and Bi for electron energies in the 11-40 keV range”. Trincavelli J, Montoro S, van Espen P, Van Grieken R, X-ray spectrometry 22, 372 (1993). http://doi.org/10.1002/XRS.1300220510
Abstract: Both energy- and wavelength-dispersive systems were used to obtain Malpha/Lalpha intensity ratios for Ta, W, Pt, Au, Pb and Bi at various overvoltages. A table of these ratios corrected for matrix absorption and detector efficiency is presented, in addition to an interpolatory function of Malpha/Lalpha generated ratios vs. overvoltage, for each element. In addition, three different ZAF correction models were used to predict both detected and generated ratios. Finally, experimental Mbeta/Malpha ratios measured at different overvoltages are presented for the six elements considered.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
DOI: 10.1002/XRS.1300220510
|
|
|
“NO2 verkeersmetingen in Vlaanderen door passieve bemonstering”. Potgieter-Vermaak S, Stranger M, Verlinden L, Roekens E, Van Grieken R, Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir natuurwetenskap en tegnologie 27, 266 (2008)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
|
|
|
“SnIV-containing layered double hydroxides as precursors for nano-sized ZnO/SnO2 photocatalysts”. Seftel EM, Popovici E, Mertens M, Stefaniak EA, Van Grieken R, Cool P, Vansant EF, Applied catalysis : B : environmental 84, 699 (2008). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.APCATB.2008.06.006
Abstract: Sn4+-containing LDH was prepared using the co-precipitation method at constant pH, and characterized using X-ray diffraction, UVvis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and TG/DTG methods. The obtained product was further exposed to different thermal treatments in order to obtain nano-sized coupled ZnO/SnO2 systems with enhanced photocatalytic performances than the ones obtained by mixing the two semiconductor oxides. The formation of a well-defined ZnO/SnO2 system and the crystallite size, fully investigated using XRD, micro-Raman scattering and UVvis DR techniques, were found to be influenced by the nature of the precursors and the calcination temperature. The photocatalytic activity of the ZnO/SnO2 systems, evaluated for the photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) dye, was studied as a function of the initial pH, catalyst loading and the calcination temperature. The metal dispersion supplied by layered structures proved to be an advantage when preparing coupled ZnO/SnO2 systems, the photocatalytic activity being 2.3 times higher comparing with the physical mixtures performances. The maximum photocatalytic activity of the coupled ZnO/SnO2 system having a layered precursor was observed when using neutral pH, at a catalyst loading of 1 g/L calcined at 600 °C for 4 h.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.APCATB.2008.06.006
|
|
|
“The patron of Hieronymus Bosch's 'Last Judgment' triptych in Vienna”. Koldeweij J, Hoogstede L, Ilsink M, Janssens K, De Keyser N, Gotink RK, Legrand S, Nauhaus JM, van der Snickt G, Spronk R, The Burlington magazine 160, 106 (2018)
Abstract: A technical examination of the Last Judgment triptych by Hieronymus Bosch in the Paintings Gallery of the Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna, has revealed a painted escutcheon with the coat of arms of the Burgundian court official Hippolyte de Berthoz underneath the current surface of the right outer wing. This allows him to be firmly identified as the painting's patron.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
|
|
|
“The role of smalt in complex pigment mixtures in Rembrandt'sHomer1663: combining MA-XRF imaging, microanalysis, paint reconstructions and OCT”. van Loon A, Noble P, de Man D, Alfeld M, Callewaert T, van der Snickt G, Janssens K, Dik J, Heritage science 8, 90 (2020). http://doi.org/10.1186/S40494-020-00429-5
Abstract: As part of the NWO Science4ArtsREVISRembrandtproject (2012-2018), novel chemical imaging techniques were developed and applied to the study of Rembrandt's late experimental painting technique (1651-1669). One of the unique features in his late paintings is his abundant use of smalt: a blue cobalt glass pigment that he often combined with organic lake pigments, earth pigments and blacks. Since most of these smalt-containing paints have discolored over time, we wanted to find out more about how these paintings may have originally looked, and what the role of smalt was in his paint. This paper reports on the use of smalt in complex pigment mixtures in Rembrandt'sHomer(1663), Mauritshuis, The Hague. Macroscopic X-ray fluorescence imaging (MA-XRF) assisted by computational analysis, in combination with SEM-EDX analysis of paint cross-sections, provides new information about the distribution and composition of the smalt paints in the painting. Paint reconstructions were carried out to investigate the effect of different percentages of smalt on the overall color, the drying properties, translucency and texture of the paint. Results show that the influence of (the originally blue) smalt on the intended color of the paint of theHomeris minimal. However, in mixtures with high percentages of smalt, or when combined with more transparent pigments, it was concluded that the smalt did produce a cooler and darker paint. It was also found that the admixture of opaque pigments reduced the translucent character of the smalt. The drying tests show that the paints with (cobalt-containing) smalt dried five times faster compared to those with glass (without cobalt). Most significantly, the texture of the paint was strongly influenced by adding smalt, creating a more irregular surface topography with clearly pronounced brushstrokes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used as an additional tool to reveal differences in translucency and texture between the different paint reconstructions. In conclusion, this study confirmed earlier assumptions that Rembrandt used substantial amounts of smalt in his late paintings, not for its blue color, but to give volume and texture to his paints, to deepen their colors and to make them dry faster.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
Impact Factor: 2.5
DOI: 10.1186/S40494-020-00429-5
|
|