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“CoShaRP : a convex program for single-shot tomographic shape sensing”. Kadu A, van Leeuwen T, Batenburg KJ, Inverse Problems 37, 105005 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6420/AC1776
Abstract: We introduce single-shot x-ray tomography that aims to estimate the target image from a single cone-beam projection measurement. This linear inverse problem is extremely under-determined since the measurements are far fewer than the number of unknowns. Moreover, it is more challenging than conventional tomography, where a sufficiently large number of projection angles forms the measurements, allowing for a simple inversion process. However, single-shot tomography becomes less severe if the target image is only composed of known shapes. This paper restricts analysis to target image function that can be decomposed into known compactly supported non-negative-valued functions termed shapes. Hence, the shape prior transforms a linear ill-posed image estimation problem to a non-linear problem of estimating the roto-translations of the shapes. We circumvent the non-linearity by using a dictionary of possible roto-translations of the shapes. We propose a convex program CoShaRP, to recover the dictionary coefficients successfully. CoShaRP relies on simplex-type constraints and can be solved quickly using a primal-dual algorithm. The numerical experiments show that CoShaRP recovers shape stably from moderately noisy measurements.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.62
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6420/AC1776
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“Zitterbewegung of moiré, excitons in twisted MoS₂/WSe₂, heterobilayers”. Lavor IR, da Costa DR, Covaci L, Milošević, MV, Peeters FM, Chaves A, Physical review letters 127, 106801 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVLETT.127.106801
Abstract: The moire pattern observed in stacked noncommensurate crystal lattices, such as heterobilayers of transition metal dichalcogenides, produces a periodic modulation of their band gap. Excitons subjected to this potential landscape exhibit a band structure that gives rise to a quasiparticle dubbed the moire exciton. In the case of MoS2/WSe2 heterobilayers, the moire trapping potential has honeycomb symmetry and, consequently, the moire exciton band structure is the same as that of a Dirac-Weyl fermion, whose mass can be further tuned down to zero with a perpendicularly applied field. Here we show that, analogously to other Dirac-like particles, the moire exciton exhibits a trembling motion, also known as Zitterbewegung, whose long timescales are compatible with current experimental techniques for exciton dynamics. This promotes the study of the dynamics of moire excitons in van der Waals heterostructures as an advantageous solid-state platform to probe Zitterbewegung, broadly tunable by gating and interlayer twist angle.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
Times cited: 5
DOI: 10.1103/PHYSREVLETT.127.106801
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“Metal-polymer heterojunction in colloidal-phase plasmonic catalysis”. Rogolino A, Claes N, Cizaurre J, Marauri A, Jumbo-Nogales A, Lawera Z, Kruse J, Sanroman-Iglesias M, Zarketa I, Calvo U, Jimenez-Izal E, Rakovich YP, Bals S, Matxain JM, Grzelczak M, The journal of physical chemistry letters 13, 2264 (2022). http://doi.org/10.1021/ACS.JPCLETT.1C04242
Abstract: Plasmonic catalysis in the colloidal phase requires robust surface ligands that prevent particles from aggregation in adverse chemical environments and allow carrier flow from reagents to nanoparticles. This work describes the use of a water-soluble conjugated polymer comprising a thiophene moiety as a surface ligand for gold nanoparticles to create a hybrid system that, under the action of visible light, drives the conversion of the biorelevant NAD+ to its highly energetic reduced form NADH. A combination of advanced microscopy techniques and numerical simulations revealed that the robust metal-polymer heterojunction, rich in sulfonate functional groups, directs the interaction of electron-donor molecules with the plasmonic photocatalyst. The tight binding of polymer to the gold surface precludes the need for conventional transition-metal surface cocatalysts, which were previously shown to be essential for photocatalytic NAD(+) reduction but are known to hinder the optical properties of plasmonic nanocrystals. Moreover, computational studies indicated that the coating polymer fosters a closer interaction between the sacrificial electron-donor triethanolamine and the nanoparticles, thus enhancing the reactivity.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 5.7
Times cited: 1
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.JPCLETT.1C04242
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“Effects of Ag additive in low temperature CO detection with In2O3 based gas sensors”. Naberezhnyi D, Rumyantseva M, Filatova D, Batuk M, Hadermann J, Baranchikov A, Khmelevsky N, Aksenenko A, Konstantinova E, Gaskov A, Nanomaterials 8, 801 (2018). http://doi.org/10.3390/NANO8100801
Abstract: Nanocomposites In2O3/Ag obtained by ultraviolet (UV) photoreduction and impregnation methods were studied as materials for CO sensors operating in the temperature range 25-250 degrees C. Nanocrystalline In2O3 and In2O3/Ag nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), single-point Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) method, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) mapping. The active surface sites were investigated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and thermo-programmed reduction with hydrogen (TPR-H-2) method. Sensor measurements in the presence of 15 ppm CO demonstrated that UV treatment leads to a complete loss of In2O3 sensor sensitivity, while In2O3/Ag-UV nanocomposite synthesized by UV photoreduction demonstrates an increased sensor signal to CO at T < 200 degrees C. The observed high sensor response of the In2O3/Ag-UV nanocomposite at room temperature may be due to the realization of an additional mechanism of CO oxidation with participation of surface hydroxyl groups associated via hydrogen bonds.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
DOI: 10.3390/NANO8100801
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“Roadmap on structured waves”. Bliokh KY, Karimi E, Padgett MJ, Alonso MA, Dennis MR, Dudley A, Forbes A, Zahedpour S, Hancock SW, Milchberg HM, Rotter S, Nori F, Ozdemir SK, Bender N, Cao H, Corkum PB, Hernandez-Garcia C, Ren H, Kivshar Y, Silveirinha MG, Engheta N, Rauschenbeutel A, Schneeweiss P, Volz J, Leykam D, Smirnova DA, Rong K, Wang B, Hasman E, Picardi MF, Zayats AV, Rodriguez-Fortuno FJ, Yang C, Ren J, Khanikaev AB, Alu A, Brasselet E, Shats M, Verbeeck J, Schattschneider P, Sarenac D, Cory DG, Pushin DA, Birk M, Gorlach A, Kaminer I, Cardano F, Marrucci L, Krenn M, Marquardt F, Journal of optics 25, 103001 (2023). http://doi.org/10.1088/2040-8986/ACEA92
Abstract: Structured waves are ubiquitous for all areas of wave physics, both classical and quantum, where the wavefields are inhomogeneous and cannot be approximated by a single plane wave. Even the interference of two plane waves, or of a single inhomogeneous (evanescent) wave, provides a number of nontrivial phenomena and additional functionalities as compared to a single plane wave. Complex wavefields with inhomogeneities in the amplitude, phase, and polarization, including topological----- structures and singularities, underpin modern nanooptics and photonics, yet they are equally important, e.g. for quantum matter waves, acoustics, water waves, etc. Structured waves are crucial in optical and electron microscopy, wave propagation and scattering, imaging, communications, quantum optics, topological and non-Hermitian wave systems, quantum condensed-matter systems, optomechanics, plasmonics and metamaterials, optical and acoustic manipulation, and so forth. This Roadmap is written collectively by prominent researchers and aims to survey the role of structured waves in various areas of wave physics. Providing background, current research, and anticipating future developments, it will be of interest to a wide cross-disciplinary audience.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 2.1
Times cited: 7
DOI: 10.1088/2040-8986/ACEA92
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“Surfactant layers on gold nanorods”. Mosquera J, Wang D, Bals S, Liz-Marzan LM, Accounts of chemical research 56, 1204 (2023). http://doi.org/10.1021/ACS.ACCOUNTS.3C00101
Abstract: Gold nanorods (Au NRs) are an exceptionally promising tool in nanotechnology due to three key factors: (i) their strong interaction with electromagnetic radiation, stemming from their plasmonic nature, (ii) the ease with which the resonance frequency of their longitudinal plasmon mode can be tuned from the visible to the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spect r u m based on their aspect ratio, and (iii) their simple and cost-effective preparation through seed-mediated chemical growth. In this synthetic method, surfactants play a critical role in controlling the size, shape, and colloidal stabi l i t y of Au NRs. For example, surfactants can stabilize specific crystallographic facets during the formation of Au NRs, leading to t h e formation of NRs with specific morphologies. The process of surfactant adsorption onto the NR surface may result in various assemblies of surfactant molecules, such as spherical micelles, elongated micelles, or bilayers. Again, the assembly mode is critical toward determining the further availabi l i t y of the Au NR surface to the surrounding medium. Despite its importance and a great deal of research effort, the interaction between Au NPs and surfactants remains insufficiently understood, because the assembly process is influenced by numerous factors, including the chemical nature of the surfactant, the surface morphology of Au NPs, and solution parameters. Therefore, gaining a more comprehensive understanding of these interactions is essential to unlock the full potential of the seed-mediated growth method and the applications of plasmonic NPs. A plethora of characterization techniques have been applied to reach such an understanding , but many open questions remain. In this Account, we review the current knowledge on the interactions between surfactants and Au NRs. We briefly introduce the state-of-the-art methods for synthesizing Au NRs and highlight the crucial role of cationic surfactants during this process. The self-assembly and organization of surfactants on the Au NR surface is then discussed to better understand their role in seed-mediated growth. Subsequently, we provide examples and elucidate how chemical additives can be used to modulate micellar assemblies, in turn allowing for a finer control over the growth of Au NRs, including chiral NRs. Next, we review the main experimental characterization and computational modeling techniques that have been applied to shed light on the arrangement of surfactants on Au NRs and summarize the advantages and disadvantages for each technique. The Account ends with a “Conclusions and Outlook” section, outlining promising future research directions and developments that we consider are sti l l required, mostly related to the application of electron microscopy in liquid and in 3D. Finally, we remark on the potential of exploiting machine learning techniques to predict synthetic routes for NPs with predefined structures and properties.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 18.3
Times cited: 8
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.ACCOUNTS.3C00101
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“Competition between the Ni and Fe redox in the O3-NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode material for Na-ion batteries”. Shevchenko VA, Glazkova IS, Novichkov DA, Skvortsova I, V Sobolev A, Abakumov AM, Presniakov IA, Drozhzhin OA, V Antipov E, Chemistry of materials 35, 4015 (2023). http://doi.org/10.1021/ACS.CHEMMATER.3C00338
Abstract: Sodium-ion batteries are attracting great attention due to their low cost and abundance of sodium. The O3-type NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2 layered oxide material is a promising candidate for positive electrodes (cathodes) in Na-ion batteries. However, its stable electrochemical performance is restricted by the upper voltage limit of 4.0 V (vs Na/Na+), which allows for reversibly removing 0.5-0.55 Na+ per formula unit, corresponding to the capacity of 120-130 mAh.g(-1). Further reduction of sodium content inevitably accelerates capacity degradation, and this issue calls for a detailed study of the redox reactions that accompany the electrochemical (de)intercalation of a large amount of sodium. Here, we present operando and ex situ studies using powder X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy combined with Fe-57 Mossbauer spectroscopy. Our approach reveals the sequence of the redox transitions that occur during the charge and discharge of O3-NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2. Our data show that in addition to nickel and iron cations oxidizing to M+4, a part of iron transforms into the “3 + delta” state owing to the fast electron exchange Fe3+ + Fe4+ <-> Fe4+ + Fe3+. This process freezes upon cooling the material to 35 K, producing Fe4+ cations, some of which occupy tetrahedral positions.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 8.6
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.CHEMMATER.3C00338
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“Stabilizing perovskite Pb(Mg0.33Nb0.67)O3-PbTiO3 thin films by fast deposition and tensile mismatched growth template”. Ni S, Houwman E, Gauquelin N, Chezganov D, Van Aert S, Verbeeck J, Rijnders G, Koster G, ACS applied materials and interfaces 16, 12744 (2024). http://doi.org/10.1021/ACSAMI.3C16241
Abstract: Because of its low hysteresis, high dielectric constant, and strong piezoelectric response, Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3-PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) thin films have attracted considerable attention for the application in PiezoMEMS, field-effect transistors, and energy harvesting and storage devices. However, it remains a great challenge to fabricate phase-pure, pyrochlore-free PMN-PT thin films. In this study, we demonstrate that a high deposition rate, combined with a tensile mismatched template layer can stabilize the perovskite phase of PMN-PT films and prevent the nucleation of passive pyrochlore phases. We observed that an accelerated deposition rate promoted mixing of the B-site cation and facilitated relaxation of the compressively strained PMN-PT on the SrTiO3 (STO) substrate in the initial growth layer, which apparently suppressed the initial formation of pyrochlore phases. By employing La-doped-BaSnO3 (LBSO) as the tensile mismatched buffer layer, 750 nm thick phase-pure perovskite PMN-PT films were synthesized. The resulting PMN-PT films exhibited excellent crystalline quality close to that of the STO substrate.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 9.5
DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.3C16241
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“Transmission electron microscopy study of phase compatibility in low hysteresis shape memory alloys”. Delville R, Kasinathan S, Zhang Z, van Humbeeck J, James RD, Schryvers D, Philosophical magazine 90, 177 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1080/14786430903074755
Abstract: Recent findings have linked low hysteresis in shape memory alloys with phase compatibility between austenite and martensite. To investigate the evolution of microstructure as phase compatibility increases and hysteresis is reduced, transmission electron microscopy was used to study the alloy system Ti50Ni50xPdx, where the composition is systemically tuned to approach perfect compatibility. Changes in morphology, twinning density and twinning modes are reported, along with special microstructures occurring when compatibility is achieved. In addition, the interface between austenite and a single variant of martensite was studied by high-resolution and conventional electron microscopy. The low energy configuration of the interface detailed in this article suggests that it plays an important role in the lowering of hysteresis compared to classical habit plane interfaces.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.505
Times cited: 70
DOI: 10.1080/14786430903074755
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“Chemical and structural analysis of etching residue layers in semiconductor devices with energy filtering transmission electron microscopy”. Hens S, van Landuyt J, Bender H, Boullart W, Vanhaelemeersch S, Materials science in semiconductor processing 4, 109 (2001). http://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-8001(00)00147-5
Abstract: The use of an energy-filtering held emission gun transmission electron microscope (CM30 FEG Ultratwin) allows, apart from imaging morphologies down to nanometer scale, the fast acquisition of high-resolution element distributions. Electrons that have lost energy corresponding to characteristic inner-shell loss edges are used to form the element maps. The production of Ultra Large-Scale Integration (ULSI) devices with dimensions below 0.25 mum requires among others the formation of a multilayer metallization scheme by means of repeatedly applying the deposition and etching of dielectrics and metals. In this work the evolution of the surface chemical species on etched Al lines in a post-etch cleaning process has been investigated by energy filtering transmission electron microscopy, with the aim to understand the role of each process step on the removal of the etching residues. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 2.359
DOI: 10.1016/S1369-8001(00)00147-5
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“Development of photocatalytic efficient Ti-based nanotubes and nanoribbons by conventional and microwave assisted synthesis strategies”. Ribbens S, Meynen V, Van Tendeloo G, Ke X, Mertens M, Maes BUW, Cool P, Vansant EF, Microporous and mesoporous materials: zeolites, clays, carbons and related materials 114, 401 (2008). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2008.01.028
Abstract: Titanate nanotubes were prepared via a hydrothermal treatment of TiO2 powders (Riedel De Haen) in a basic solution. Morphology and structure of the prepared samples were characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), XRD, FT-Raman spectroscopy, nitrogen sorption and DSC. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by photocatalytic oxidation of rhodamine 6G. Trititanate nanotubes (TTNT) with inner pore diameters between 4 and 4.2 nm and surface areas up till 360 m(2)/g could be synthesized. The synthesis route was modified by introduction of a calcination step, by applying a lower hydrothermal temperature and microwave irradiation in order to increase the photocatalytic activity of the porous photoactive nanotubular materials. Calcination and a softer hydrothermal treatment led to the formation of anatase without affecting the surface area and nanotubular shape of the samples. In this way, the photocatalytic activity of the original trititanate nanotubes could be significantly increased. By making use of microwave assisted synthesis, the photocatalytic activity call also be increased due to the presence of anatase. However, by applying microwave synthesis, a different structure was obtained, nanoribbons (NR) instead of nanotubcs, resulting in a decrease in surface area and porosity.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Organic synthesis (ORSY)
Impact Factor: 3.615
Times cited: 47
DOI: 10.1016/j.micromeso.2008.01.028
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“Graphitic nanocrystals inside the pores of mesoporous silica : synthesis, characterization and an adsorption study”. de Clippel F, Harkiolakis A, Vosch T, Ke X, Giebeler L, Oswald S, Houthoofd K, Jammaer J, Van Tendeloo G, Martens JA, Jacobs PA, Baron GV, Sels BF, Denayer JFM, Microporous and mesoporous materials: zeolites, clays, carbons and related materials 144, 120 (2011). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2011.04.003
Abstract: This work presents a new carbonsilica hybrid material, denoted as CSM, with remarkable sorption properties. It consists of intraporous graphitic nanocrystals grown in the pores of mesoporous silica. CSM is obtained by a subtle incipient wetness impregnation of Al-containing mesoporous silica with furfuryl alcohol (FA)/hemelitol solutions. Both the volume match of the impregnation solution with that of the silica template pore volume, and the presence of Al3+ in the silica, are crucial to polymerize FA selectively inside the mesopores. Carbonization of the intraporous polymer was then performed by pyrolysis under He up to 1273 K. The resulting CSMs were examined by SEM, HRTEM, 27Al MAS NMR, N2 adsorption, XRD, TGA, TPD, XPS, pycnometry and Raman spectroscopy. Mildly oxidized graphitic-like carbon nanoblocks, consisting of a few graphene-like sheets, were thus identified inside the template mesopores. Random stacking of these carbon crystallites generates microporosity resulting in biporous materials at low carbon content and microporous materials at high carbon loadings. Very narrow pore distributions were obtained when pyrolysis was carried out under slow heating rate, viz. 1 K min−1. Adsorption and shape selective properties of the carbon filled mesoporous silica were studied by performing pulse chromatography and breakthrough experiments, and by measuring adsorption isotherms of linear and branched alkanes. Whereas the parent mesoporous silica shows unselective adsorption, their CSM analogues preferentially adsorb linear alkanes. The sorption capacity and selectivity can be adjusted by changing the pore size of the template or by varying the synthesis conditions. A relation between the carbon crystallites size and the shape selective behaviour of the corresponding CSM for instance is demonstrated. Most interestingly, CSM shows separation factors for linear and branched alkanes up to values comparable to those of zeolitic molecular sieves.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.615
Times cited: 15
DOI: 10.1016/j.micromeso.2011.04.003
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“LPE growth and characterization of InGaAsP/InP heterostructures: IR-emitting diodes at 1.66 μm: application to the remote monitoring of methane gas”. Volkov VV, van Landuyt J, Marushkin K, Gijbels R, Férauge C, Vasilyev MG, Shelyakin AA, Sokolovsky AA, Sensors and actuators : A : physical 62, 624 (1997). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-4247(97)01377-0
Abstract: Highly effective IR light-emitting diodes operating at the wavelength 1.66 mu m and based on the buried heterostructure In0.88Ga0.12As0.26P0.74/ In0.72Ga0.28As0.62P0.38/In0.53Ga0.47As/InP have been grown by liquid-phase epitaxy (LPE) and characterized in detail by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM),electron diffraction (ED), X-ray diffraction (XRD), secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and electroluminescence measurements. The InGaAsP epilayers are found to be well lattice matched and of good structural quality. A tentative explanation is presented for the spinodal decomposition observed in InGaAsP alloys. A new type of selective CK, gas sensor has been developed and fabricated an the basis of the IR light-emitting diode mentioned above. Especially designed for the remote control of CH4 gas via fibre optics, an integrated optoelectronic readout scheme has been developed and tested, It is shown that the proposed type of sensor can be used for the quantitative remote control of CH4 gas concentration (0.2-100%) via a fibre glass line up to a distance of 2 x 1 km. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Impact Factor: 2.499
Times cited: 3
DOI: 10.1016/S0924-4247(97)01377-0
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“Synthesis and characterization of the new cyclosilicate hydrate (hexamethyleneimine)4.[Si8O16(OH)4].12H2O”. Verlooy PLH, Robeyns K, van Meervelt L, Lebedev OI, Van Tendeloo G, Martens JA, Kirschhock CEA, Microporous and mesoporous materials: zeolites, clays, carbons and related materials 130, 14 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2009.10.006
Abstract: A new cyclosilicate hydrate with composition (C6H14N)4·[Si8O16(OH)4]·12H2O was crystallized and the structure determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structure, described by the tetragonal space group I41/a, with unit cell dimensions of a = 39.2150(2) Å and c = 14.1553(2) Å, contains columns of hydrogen-bonded cubic octamer silicate anions. The space between silicate columns holds hydrogen-bonded water and protonated hexamethyleneimine molecules compensating the negative charge of the silicate. The crystal water can be removed resulting in a rearrangement of the columns into orthorhombic symmetry. Removal of the organic moiety causes amorphisation. Flash evacuation results in a new microporous material with pore volumes typical of a zeolite.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.615
Times cited: 5
DOI: 10.1016/j.micromeso.2009.10.006
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“Cu(OH)2 nanowires, CuO nanowires and CuO nanobelts”. Du GH, Van Tendeloo G, Chemical physics letters 393, 64 (2004). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2004.06.017
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.815
Times cited: 145
DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.06.017
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“The use of convergent beam electron diffraction for stress measurements in shallow trench isolation structures”. Stuer C, van Landuyt J, Bender H, Rooyackers R, Badenes G, Materials science in semiconductor processing 4, 117 (2001). http://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-8001(00)00110-4
Abstract: Shallow trench isolation (STI) is a promising technology for the isolation structures of the new generation of ULSI devices with dimensions below 0.18 mum. The various processing steps cause stress fields in STI structures, which can lead to defect formation in the silicon substrate. In their turn, stress fields affect the electrical parameters and the reliability of devices. Convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) is used in this study to examine the influence of a wet and a dry pre-gate oxidation on the stress distribution around STI structures. The measurements are performed on STI structures with different width and spacing. CBED analysis is compared with bright-field TEM images. Defects are observed in high-strain areas of small isolated structures. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 2.359
Times cited: 6
DOI: 10.1016/S1369-8001(00)00110-4
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“Thermal behavior of Si-doped fullerenes vs their structural stability at T = 0 K : a density functional study”. Scipioni R, Matsubara M, Ruiz E, Massobrio C, Boero M, Chemical physics letters 510, 14 (2011). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2011.05.019
Abstract: We establish the topological conditions underlying the thermal stability of C30Si30 clusters. Two topologies have been considered: a segregated one, where Si and C atoms lie on neighboring and yet, separated parts of the cage, and a non-segregated one, where the number of SiC bonds is maximized. The segregated network is energetically favored against the non-segregated one, both structures being fully relaxed at T = 0 K. Conversely, the non-segregated structure is the only one stable at finite temperatures, regardless of the nature of the local states (d or p) included in the KleynmanBylander construction.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.815
Times cited: 14
DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2011.05.019
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“Zn-Al layered double hydroxides: synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic application”. Seftel EM, Popovici E, Mertens M, de Witte K, Van Tendeloo G, Cool P, Vansant EF, Microporous and mesoporous materials: zeolites, clays, carbons and related materials 113, 296 (2008). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2007.11.029
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.615
Times cited: 154
DOI: 10.1016/j.micromeso.2007.11.029
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“ALN nanoparticles XANES analysis: local atomic and electronic structure”. Soldatov A, Yalovega G, Smolentsev G, Kravtsova A, Lamoen D, Balasubramanian C, Marcelli A, Cinque G, Bellucci S, Nuclear Instruments &, Methods In Physics Research Section A-Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors And Associated Equipment 575, 85 (2007). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2007.01.031
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT);
Impact Factor: 1.362
Times cited: 3
DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2007.01.031
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“Applications of advanced transmission electron microscopic techniques to Ni-Ti based shape memory materials”. Schryvers D, Potapov P, Santamarta R, Tirry W, Materials science and engineering: part A: structural materials: properties, microstructure and processing 378, 11 (2004). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.325
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.094
Times cited: 6
DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.325
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“Composition gradients surrounding Ni4Ti3 precipitates in a NiTi alloy studied by EELS, EFTEM and EDX”. Yang Z, Schryvers D, International journal of applied electromagnetics and mechanics 23, 17 (2006)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 0.769
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“Deposition of vanadium silicalite-1 nanoparticles on SBA-15 materials: structural and transport characteristics of SBA-VS-15”. Meynen V, Cool P, Vansant EF, Kortunov P, Grinberg F, Kärger J, Mertens M, Lebedev OI, Van Tendeloo G, Microporous and mesoporous materials 99, 14 (2007). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2006.08.029
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA)
Impact Factor: 3.615
Times cited: 23
DOI: 10.1016/j.micromeso.2006.08.029
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“Flux pinning by Al-based nanoparticles embedded in YBCO: a transmission electron microscopic study”. ben Azzouz F, Zouaoui M, Mellekh A, Annabi M, Van Tendeloo G, ben Salem M, Physica: C : superconductivity 455, 19 (2007). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.physc.2007.01.033
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.404
Times cited: 39
DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2007.01.033
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“Formation of a combined micro- and mesoporous material using zeolite Beta nanoparticles”. van Oers CJ, Stevens WJJ, Bruijn E, Mertens M, Lebedev OI, Van Tendeloo G, Meynen V, Cool P, Microporous and mesoporous materials: zeolites, clays, carbons and related materials 120, 29 (2009). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2008.08.056
Abstract: Composite micro- and mesoporous materials are synthesized using zeolite Beta nanoparticles without the need for a structure directing agent to form the mesopores. This leads to important ecological and economical advantages. The influence of the way of cooling the aged nanoparticles solution on the formation of the composite materials has been studied. The materials have been characterized towards porosity by N2-sorption, towards zeolitic properties by TGA, DRIFT, XRD and TEM, towards aluminium content by EPMA. All prepared structures possess zeolitic properties. However, the method of cooling down of the aged seeds leads to differences in the porosity and intensity of the zeolitic characteristics.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA)
Impact Factor: 3.615
Times cited: 42
DOI: 10.1016/j.micromeso.2008.08.056
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“High resolution TEM study of Ni4Ti3 precipitates in austenitic Ni51Ti49”. Tirry W, Schryvers D, Materials science and engineering: part A: structural materials: properties, microstructure and processing 378, 157 (2004). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.336
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.094
Times cited: 19
DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.336
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“Modulation-free phase in heavily Pb-doped (Bi,Pb)2212 crystals”. Musolino N, Bals S, Van Tendeloo G, Clayton N, Walker E, Flükiger R, Physica: C : superconductivity 399, 1 (2003). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-4534(03)01324-8
Abstract: We report the complete disappearance of the structural modulation in heavily lead-doped Bi2-xPbxSr2CaCu2O8+delta crystals observed by transmission electron microscopy. Crystals with a nominal lead content of x = 0.8, corresponding to an effective lead content of x = 0.39, yield the non-modulated phase. The superconducting properties of this modulation-free phase (beta phase) have been studied and compared to those of undoped crystals displaying the modulated phase (alpha phase). Magnetisation measurements reveal that the irreversibility field H-irr(T) and relaxation rates are strongly improved within the beta phase. Measurements of the lower critical field, H-c1, show that the anisotropy factor, epsilon, is considerably reduced in the modulation-free crystals. This is the signature of stronger coupling between CuO2 layers which in turn deeply influences the effectiveness of the pinning. These measurements explain the enhanced pinning properties in moderately Pb-doped crystals in which the alpha phase and beta phase coexist. The enhanced pinning is not only due to the alpha/beta interfaces, which act as effective pinning centers: the emergence of modulation-free domains, characterized by a strongly reduced anisotropy, also significantly contribute to this effect. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.404
Times cited: 31
DOI: 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)01324-8
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“Multi-step loading of titania on mesoporous silica: influence of the morphology and the porosity on the catalytic degradation of aqueous pollutants and VOC's”. de Witte K, Meynen V, Mertens M, Lebedev OI, Van Tendeloo G, Sepúlveda-Escribano A, Rodríguez-Reinoso F, Vansant EF, Cool P, Applied catalysis : B : environmental 84, 125 (2008). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2008.03.015
Abstract: Titania nanoparticles have been deposited on inert porous silica supports with high specific surface area. These materials have potential applications in paint and textile industry as the titania particles selectively deposited on the inner surface of the silica supports act as a photocatalyst. The inert external surface is necessary to avoid photodegradation of the textile material or the paint components. The photocatalytic activity of the catalysts has been evaluated with two catalytic setups. One setup in aqueous phase, for the degradation of dyes such as rhodamine-6G, is commonly used. The second setup is a continuous flow gaseous phase setup which was used for the mineralization of ethanol as a representative volatile organic compound (VOC). The influence of the porosity and the morphology of the silica supports on the photocatalytic activity are discussed.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA)
Impact Factor: 9.446
Times cited: 24
DOI: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2008.03.015
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“Origin of different deactivation of Pd/SnO2 and Pd/GeO2 catalysts in methanol dehydrogenation and reforming: a comparative study”. Lorenz H, Zhao Q, Turner S, Lebedev OI, Van Tendeloo G, Kloetzer B, Rameshan C, Pfaller K, Applied catalysis : A : general 381, 242 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2010.04.015
Abstract: Pd particles supported on SnO2 and GeO2 have been structurally investigated by X-ray diffraction, (High-Resolution) transmission and scanning electron microscopy after different reductive treatments to monitor the eventual formation of bimetallic phases and catalytically tested in methanol dehydrogenation/ reforming. For both oxides this included a thin film sample with well-defined Pd particles and a powder catalyst prepared by incipient wetness impregnation. The hexagonal and the tetragonal polymorph were studied for powder GeO2. Pd2Ge formation was observed on all GeO2-supported catalysts, strongly depending on the specific sample used. Reduction of the thin film at 573K resulted in full transformation into the bimetallic state. The partial solubility of hexagonal GeO2 in water and its thermal structural instability yielded Pd2Ge formation at 473 K, at the cost of a structurally inhomogeneous support and Ge metal formation at higher reduction temperatures. Pd on tetragonal GeO2 entered a state of strong metalsupport interaction after reduction at 573673 K, resulting in coalescing Pd2Ge particles on a sintered and re-crystallized support, apparently partially covering the bimetallic particles and decreasing the catalytic activity. Pd2Ge on amorphous thin film and hexagonal GeO2 converted methanol primarily via dehydrogenation to CO and H2. At 573 K, formation of Pd2Sn and also PdSn occurred on the Pd/SnO2 thin film. Pd3Sn2 (and to some extent Pd2Sn) were predominantly obtained on the respective powder catalyst. Strong deactivation with increasing reduction temperature was observed, likely not based on the classical strong metalsupport interaction effect, but rather on a combination of missing active structural ensembles on Sn-enriched bimetallic phases and the formation of metallic -Sn. Correlations to Pd and its bimetallics supported on ZnO, Ga2O3 and In2O3 were also discussed.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 4.339
Times cited: 14
DOI: 10.1016/j.apcata.2010.04.015
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“Preparation of sulfonated ordered mesoporous carbon and its use for the esterification of fatty acids”. Peng L, Philippaerts A, Ke X, van Noyen J, de Cleppel F, Van Tendeloo G, Jacobs PA, Sels BF, Catalysis today 150, 140 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2009.07.066
Abstract: Mesoporous carbon, which can be replicated from mesoporous silica and whose surface is hydrophobic, can be an ideal catalyst for the esterification of fatty acids. Here we report an easy and low cost way to prepare sulfonic acid group-functionalized mesoporous carbon. A sample of calcined mesoporous silica SBA-15 was added to an aqueous sucrose solution followed by drying and calcination at different temperatures. In contrast to existing procedures, the obtained hybrid Si/C material was then first sulfonated in H2SO4, before the final removal of the silica template in order to stabilize the porous structure towards the liquid phase sulfonation treatment. Thus the silicacarbon composites, instead of the mesoporous carbon, were successfully sulfonated to introduce SO3H groups, while keeping the ordered mesoporous structure intact. The influence of carbonization temperature was investigated, suggesting an optimum temperature of 873 K. The SO3H group-functionalized mesoporous carbon, denoted as CMK-3-873-SO3H, was characterized by means of XRD, N2 physisorption, SEM, FT-IR, elemental analysis and TEM. It followed that a uniform mesoporous carbon was obtained with an average pore size of 3.89 nm, a specific surface of 807 m2/g and a SO3H group loading of 0.39 meq/g of dry material. Compared with other solid acid catalysts, the resulting material shows enhanced activity in the acid-catalyzed esterification of oleic acid with methanol, and can be used repeatedly. The increased catalytic performance is attributed to the hydrophobic surface and larger pore size of the new catalyst. It can effectively accommodate long chain fatty acids and reject formed water, making the active sites easily accessible.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 4.636
Times cited: 132
DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2009.07.066
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“Quantum transport in an ultra-thin SOI MOSFET: influence of the channel thickness on the I-V characteristics”. Croitoru MD, Gladilin VN, Fomin VM, Devreese JT, Magnus W, Schoenmaker W, Sorée B, Solid state communications 147, 31 (2008). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssc.2008.04.025
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Theory of quantum systems and complex systems; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT); Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.554
Times cited: 8
DOI: 10.1016/j.ssc.2008.04.025
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