Records |
Author |
Bernard, P.C.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Brügmann, L. |
Title |
Geochemistry of suspended matter from the baltic sea : 1 : results of individual particle characterization by automated electron microprobe |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Marine chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
26 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
155-177 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
Abstract |
Automated electron probe X-ray microanalysis was used to characterize some 15 000 individual suspension particles from 50 samples of suspended matter collected from different depths at 18 stations throughout the Baltic Sea and the transient area to the North Sea. For each particle, 14 minor and major elements were determined and size information data were obtained. To process this huge amount of results, multivariate analysis techniques were invoked: the particles were classified into specific types and the abundance variations of these groups were studied. It appeared that 80% of all investigated particles contained mostly silicon, and seemed to consist of quartz, and K-rich and Fe-rich aluminosilicates. The abundance of BaSO4 particles averaged 5% throughout the Baltic Sea, but amounted to up to 44% at some stations. The abundance of the Fe-rich particles varied significantly with location and depth, and averaged ∼ 4%. They were often found to be associated with significant amounts of P. Both of these particle types and the Mn-rich particles are thought to be mainly authigenic. Calcium carbonate particles are more abundant towards the North Sea (which seems to act as a source). Principal component analysis of the data revealed that most of the compositional variability can be explained by differences between deep and surface waters and by the influences of inflowing North Sea waters. Additional information about the types and sources of the suspended matter in the Baltic Sea was gained from the comparison and correlation of the single particle results with different fractions of the bulk concentrations of elements such as Al, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn and Ba. |
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Wos |
A1989T986200005 |
Publication Date |
2003-08-08 |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0304-4203; 1872-7581 |
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UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116699 |
Serial |
7995 |
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Author |
Roekens, E.; Van Grieken, R. |
Title |
Gevolgen van luchtverontreiniging op historische gebouwen |
Type |
A2 Journal article |
Year |
1987 |
Publication |
Ons erfdeel |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
30 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
361-366 |
Keywords |
A2 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0030-2651 |
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UA library record |
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no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116776 |
Serial |
8003 |
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Author |
Akbulut, S.; Krupinska, B.; Worobiec, A.; Čevik, U.; Taskin, H.; Van Grieken, R.; Samek, L.; Wiłkojć, E. |
Title |
Gross alpha and beta activities of airborne particulate samples from Wawel Royal Castle Museum in Cracow, Poland |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
295 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
1567-1573 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP) |
Abstract |
Soils are complex mixtures of organic, inorganic materials, and metal compounds from anthropogenic sources. In order to identify the pollution sources, their magnitude and development, several X-ray analytical methods were applied in this study. The concentrations of 16 elements were determined in all the soil samples using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Soils of unknown origin were observed by scanning electron microscopy equipped with a Si(Li) X-ray detector using Monte Carlo simulation approach. The mineralogical analyses were carried out using X-ray diffraction spectrometry. Due to the correlations between heavy metals and oxide compounds, the samples were analyzed also by electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) in order to have information about their oxide contents. On the other hand, soil pH and salinity levels were identified owing to their influence between heavy metal and soil-surface chemistry. Moreover, the geoaccumulation index (I geo) enables the assessment of contamination by comparing current and pre-industrial concentrations. |
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Wos |
000313713300105 |
Publication Date |
2012-07-24 |
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ISSN |
0236-5731; 1588-2780 |
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UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:106763 |
Serial |
8012 |
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Author |
Araújo, M.F.D.; Bernard, P.C.; Van Grieken, R.E. |
Title |
Heavy metal contamination in sediments from the Belgian coast and Scheldt estuary |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Marine pollution bulletin |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
19 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
269-273 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
Abstract |
Sixty-two samples of total sediments and the separated clay/silt size fractions were analysed by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry to evaluate the pollution level and the trends in samples collected along the Belgian coast over a period of 6 yr and at four stations located in the Scheldt estuary where two of these were sampled periodically for 4 yr. Three correction methods for grain size effects were applied, either to the bulk sediment samples or to the clay/silt size fractions, and the results were compared. Local variations on the concentrations in some of the elements determined were used to establish whether they result from an anthropogenic or natural origin. The level of pollution was assessed as a function of the location, sampling date, and depth. |
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Wos |
A1988P559400005 |
Publication Date |
2003-08-07 |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0025-326x; 1879-3363 |
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UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116801 |
Serial |
8021 |
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Author |
Subramanian, V.; Van Grieken, R.; Van 't dack, L. |
Title |
Heavy metals distribution in the sediments of Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
1987 |
Publication |
Environmental geology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
93-103 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
Abstract |
Bed sediments were collected from the entire region of the Ganges basin and some parts of the Brahmaputra. In addition, selected stations were sampled for suspended sediments as well. The samples were analysed for a number of heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Ni, Cr, Cu, and Zn) by the thin-film energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence technique. There are pronounced temporal and spatial variations in the heavy metals distributions. Suspended sediments are 510 times richer than the bed sediments. None of the tributaries contribute significant heavy metal load, but around urban areas in Yamuna (tributary of Ganges), very high levels due to the distribution from the drainage network are observed. Compared to the Brahmaputra, the distribution and fractionation of heavy metals in the Ganges sediments are more erratic and highly variable. All the metals considered show high correlation among themselves. Given the high flux of suspended sediments from the Himalayan rivers (nearly 20% of the global flux), the worldwide budget for heavy metal transport may need to be suitably revised. |
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Wos |
A1987F245600004 |
Publication Date |
2006-07-30 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0943-0105 |
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no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:111507 |
Serial |
8024 |
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Author |
Subramanian, V.; Jha, P.K.; Van Grieken, R. |
Title |
Heavy metals in the Ganges estuary |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Marine pollution bulletin |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
19 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
290-293 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Wos |
A1988P559400010 |
Publication Date |
2003-08-07 |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0025-326x; 1879-3363 |
ISBN |
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UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116803 |
Serial |
8027 |
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Author |
Van Grieken, R. |
Title |
Introducing John Campbell, the new regional editor for North America of X-Ray Spectrometry |
Type |
Editorial |
Year |
2014 |
Publication |
X-ray spectrometry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
43 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
67 |
Keywords |
Editorial; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Wos |
000331386000001 |
Publication Date |
2014-02-07 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0049-8246 |
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UA library record; WoS full record |
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no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:114470 |
Serial |
8120 |
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Author |
Kabsch-Korbutowicz, M.; Kozak, A.; Krupińska, B. |
Title |
Ion exchange-ultrafiltration integrated process as a useful method in removing natural organic matter from water |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Environment protection engineering |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
34 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
79-93 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
Abstract |
The experiments conducted are focused on natural organic substances, removal from water in ion-exchange process, ultrafiltration process and ion exchange-ultrafiltration integrated process. The water from the Odra River and model solution were investigated. In treatment processes, various doses of 5 anion-exchange resins as well as polyethersulphone membranes with different cut-offs were used. The efficiency of process was determined by measuring a decrease both in the colour intensity and the UV 254 nm absorbance. The results show that separation efficiency in integrated process depends on resin dose added to water before ultrafiltration and on the membrane cut-off as well. Among the resins tested the most efficient was MIEX (R) resin. The ion-exchange process carried out prior to the ultrafiltration increased, especially for high cut-off membranes, NOM retention and resulted in the decrease of membrane fouling intensity. |
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000257186600008 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0324-8828 |
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UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Approved |
no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:94633 |
Serial |
8131 |
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Author |
van de Vijver, F.L.; Verbueken, A.H.; Van Grieken, R.E.; de Broe, M.E.; Visser, W.J. |
Title |
Laser microprobe mass analysis : a tool for evaluating histochemical staining of trace elements |
Type |
L1 Letter to the editor |
Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Clinical chemistry : international journal of laboratory medicine and molecular diagnostics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
31 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
351-352 |
Keywords |
L1 Letter to the editor; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP) |
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ISSN |
0009-9147; 1530-8561 |
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UA library record |
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no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116715 |
Serial |
8154 |
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Author |
Ravindra, K.; Godoi, A.F.L.; Bencs, L.; Van Grieken, R. |
Title |
Low-pressure gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry for the fast determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in air samples |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Journal of chromatography: A: bibliography section |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
1114 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
278-281 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Wos |
000237542500016 |
Publication Date |
2006-04-05 |
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UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:57705 |
Serial |
8188 |
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Author |
Jacobs, W.; Dubois, D.; Aerts, D.; Declerck, P.; Stranger, M.; Buczyńska, A.; Godoi, A.; Van Grieken, R. |
Title |
Monitoring of some major volatile organic compounds on board of chemical tankers |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Journal of maritime research |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
3-20 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:85577 |
Serial |
8275 |
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Author |
Stranger, M.; Krata, A.; Kontozova-Deutsch, V.; Bencs, L.; Deutsch, F.; Worobiec, A.; Naveau, I.; Roekens, E.; Van Grieken, R. |
Title |
Monitoring of NO2 in the ambient air with passive samplers before and after a road reconstruction event |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Microchemical journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
90 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
93-98 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP) |
Abstract |
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations were used to evaluate the air quality before and after the infrastructural change of an important traffic artery in Mortsel, Antwerp (Belgium). During the reconstruction works two pairs of traffic lanes were reduced to one in each direction. Two sampling campaigns were conducted: the first one before the works in 2003 and the second one in 2005, after the road works were finished. Sampling was performed on a weekly base with the use of passive diffusion tubes on the streets, and also indoors in nearby houses. The samples were analyzed by ion chromatography, from which data the NO2 concentrations in air could be calculated. These results were compared with NO2 values from the air monitoring station 42R801 of the Flemish Environment Agency in Borgerhout, Antwerp. On the base of different NO2 concentrations, correlated well with the traffic density, sampling locations were classified into three groups as follows: 1) heavily polluted (heavy traffic); 2) moderately polluted (medium traffic); or 3) less polluted (low traffic density). Sampling sites located further from the road works, enclosed to the group less polluted, showedthe lowestNO2 concentrations. The highestNO2 levelwas found for the locations close to reconstructionworks, which belonged to the group heavily polluted. The contribution of NO2 was at the samelevel before and after the roadworks. During the first campaign it ranged from30±7 µg/m3 to 71±11 µg/m3 and during the second sampling itwas between 36±17 µg/m3 and 73±17 µg/m3. These modernizationworks had no impact on preventing the traffic-related pollutant as NO2 and as a consequence no significant effect on the air quality in the studied region. It has been proven that the impact of traffic on the air quality is unmistakably high and simply reduction of the number of the traffic lanes, intended to discourage the traffic flow, had apparently no environmentally advantageous effect |
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Wos |
000261084200002 |
Publication Date |
2008-04-18 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0026-265x; 0026-265x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:71076 |
Serial |
8276 |
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Author |
Alejo, ellys; Morales, M.C.; Nuñez, V.; Bencs, L.; Van Grieken, R.; van Espen, P. |
Title |
Monitoring of tropospheric ozone in the ambient air with passive samplers |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Microchemical journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
99 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
383-387 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
Abstract |
Two sampling campaigns in suburban places in the north zone of Santa Clara city, Cuba, have been carried out on a weekly base with the use of Radiello passive diffusion tubes in order to monitor the tropospheric ozone (O3) levels in 2010. The first campaign was scheduled from February to April (cold season) and the second one in August and October (warm season), both of them at two sampling sites, i.e., Farm and School of Art Instructors. After aqueous extraction, the samples were analyzed by UVVIS spectrophotometry. A seasonal trend was observed with the maximum O3 concentrations in the cold season and the minimum levels in the warm season. Samples collected during the cold season showed the highest O3 levels. Higher levels were reached at the Farm site with average values of about 58 ± 12 μg/m3, which exceeded the limit of the Cuban Standard 99:1999. In the warm season, the O3 concentrations were similar for both sites, but lower than those observed in the cold season. The overall, seasonal average value was found to be 24 μg/m3. Despite the higher weekly average temperatures in August, the O3 concentrations during this month showed the lowest values of the whole sampling period, which finding is in agreement with that reported by the Meteorological Institute of Cuba. Mathematical models, based on the Cochrane-Orcutt algorithm, were fitted to the acquired data set to explain the change in the tropospheric ozone concentrations under various meteorological conditions during the two campaigns. The correlation coefficients for both the cold and the warm seasons demonstrated a strong correlation, i.e., 0.779 and 0.951, respectively. The high correlation of wind speed in the model from the first sampling campaign explains the sharp decrease in O3 concentrations at the SAI sampling site from the sixth week of sampling. |
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Wos |
000295770700034 |
Publication Date |
2011-06-26 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0026-265x; 0026-265x |
ISBN |
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UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:93294 |
Serial |
8277 |
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Author |
Sturaro, G.; Camuffo, D.; Brimblecombe, P.; Van Grieken, R.; Busse, H.-J.; Bernardi, A.; Valentino, A.; Blades, N.; Gysels, K.; Deutsch, F.; Wieser, M.; Buczolits, S. |
Title |
Multidisciplinary environmental monitoring at the Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Journal of trace and microprobe techniques |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
21 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
273-294 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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000183378600007 |
Publication Date |
2003-06-10 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0733-4680; 1532-2270 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Approved |
no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:42730 |
Serial |
8287 |
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
Author |
Van Grieken, R.; Speecke, A.; Hoste, J. |
Title |
On the precision of oxygen determinations in steel by 14-MeVv neutron activation |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
1970 |
Publication |
Analytica chimica acta |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
Volume |
52 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
275-280 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
Abstract |
The precision of the 14-MeV neutron activation determination of oxygen in steel has been examined as a function of the oxygen content for a large number of steel and cast iron samples. The experimental and the statistically expected standard deviations have been compared. In the conditions used, 2.5 counts from 16N were registered for each p.p.m. of oxygen in the samples. The neutron flux was monitored by a simultaneously irradiated oxygen standard. |
Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
|
Publication Date |
2002-07-25 |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN |
0003-2670; 1873-4324 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record |
Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116362 |
Serial |
8332 |
Permanent link to this record |
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|
Author |
Godoi, R.H.M.; Aerts, K.; Harlay, J.; Kaegi, R.; Ro, C.-U.; Chou, L.; Van Grieken, R. |
Title |
Organic surface coating on Coccolithophores – Emiliania huxleyi: its determination and implication in the marine carbon cycle |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Microchemical journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
Volume |
91 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
266-271 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
Abstract |
Most of the marine precipitation of CaCO3 is due to the biological activities of planktonic and benthic organisms in waters largely oversaturated with respect to calcium carbonates. This saturation state is expected to decrease as CO2 increases in seawater. A conventional view in oceanography suggests that calcium carbonates organisms are preserved in oversaturated waters and dissolve only below the lysocline. However, it has be postulated that a fraction of the CaCO3 precipitated biogenically could dissolve in oversaturated waters due to the formation of microenvironments in which respired CO2 decreases the saturation state of seawater (Ù) in the vicinity of CaCO3 crystals. In the present study, cells of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi obtained from laboratory cultures and field samples collected in the Gulf of Biscay, were examined using variable-energy electron-probe microanalysis, to determine the presence and thickness of their organic coating. In addition, a new approach for transferring micrometer-sized particles from a filter onto transmission electron microscope grids using manipulators was used to investigate individual coccolithophores. The dry thickness of an organic coating over the coccolithophore surface was found to range between 280 and 350 nm. The resemblance of this coating to the carbohydrates produced and released by the cell is discussed as well as their potential for constituting a microenvironment that hosts bacteria. The properties of this organic coating and its role in the preservation/dissolution and export of biogenic carbonates in the water column are one of the major issues of carbonate geochemistry. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
000264238000020 |
Publication Date |
2009-01-02 |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN |
0026-265x; 0026-265x |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:73322 |
Serial |
8346 |
Permanent link to this record |
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|
Author |
Eltayeb, M.A.H.; Van Grieken, R.E. |
Title |
Preconcentration and XRF-determination of heavy metals in hair from Sudanese populations |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
Volume |
131 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
331-342 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
Abstract |
Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis was applied for the analysis of hair. The hair samples were digested in a mixture of nitric and perchloric acid and the heavy metals were precipitated with ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate. The accuracy, precision and recovery of the method for the elements Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb were evaluated through the analysis of a standard hair sample. The procedure was applied to the analysis of hair from an occupationally exposed group of Sudanese workers and a control group. The hair of the exposed group showed a range of 80550 ppm Fe, 612 ppm Cu, 57190 ppm Zn and 703700 ppm Pb, while that of the control group had a range of 60310 ppm Fe, 722 ppm Cu, 89170 ppm Zn and 317 ppm Pb. |
Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
A1989AL77700009 |
Publication Date |
2005-08-12 |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN |
0236-5731; 1588-2780 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116816 |
Serial |
8399 |
Permanent link to this record |
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|
|
Author |
Subramanian, V.; Van 't dack, L.; Van Grieken, R. |
Title |
Preliminary studies on the geochemistry of the Cauvery river basin |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences: earth and planetary sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
Volume |
94 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
99-110 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
Abstract |
Samples of water and sediments were collected over a three year period from the entire region of Cauvery river basin excluding the estuary. On the basis of our observations, we have calculated the average composition of the Cauvery river at several locations from the catchment to the river mouth, the downstream profile of sediment load, annual erosion rates, solute and sediment fluxes and have predicted on long term changes. The sediment chemistry was determined by x-ray fluorescence (xrf) technique, and calculated mean compositions of the Cauvery and its tributary bed and the suspended sediment were compared to those of world average river sediments. Downstream profiles of some of the elements appear to be controlled by size and mineralogical characteristics besides local factors specific to the location of the samples. Interelemental relationships indicated good correlation among the transition elements indicating their co-genetic behaviour within the drainage basin. |
Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
A1985ARL3300004 |
Publication Date |
2010-08-25 |
Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN |
0253-4126 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:111503 |
Serial |
8410 |
Permanent link to this record |
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|
|
Author |
Markowicz, A.; Van Dyck, P.; Van Grieken, R. |
Title |
Radiometric diameter concept and exact intensities for spherical particles in x-ray fluorescence analysis |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
1980 |
Publication |
X-ray spectrometry |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
Volume |
9 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
52-56 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
Abstract |
In X-ray fluorescence analysis the concept of radiometric diameter, d, is often introduced in considerations of the fluorescent intensity from a particulate sample. It represents the mean geometric path of the X-rays through one particle and is usually simply taken to be equal to the volume-to-area ratio of the particle. The effective radiometric path is, however, itself dependent on geometry and absorption effects. Rigorous calculations of the fluorescent intensity from a particle in the π and π/2 geometries were carried out to evaluate the errors involved. It appears that, for π geometry, the discrepancy between these exact results and the intensity calculated via the use of d does not exceed 5.2%. For the π/2 geometry, the errors are much larger and can amount to 50% in realistic cases of X-ray fluorescence analysis. These conclusions are also applicable to monolayers. The effective radiometric diameter approaches d only when absorption effects become negligible, but is smaller in other cases. |
Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
A1980JN16500003 |
Publication Date |
2005-05-28 |
Series Editor |
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Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN |
0049-8246 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116482 |
Serial |
8451 |
Permanent link to this record |
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|
Author |
Potgieter-Vermaak, S.; Maledi, N.; Wagner, N.; van Heerden, J.H.P.; Van Grieken, R.; Potgieter, J.H. |
Title |
Raman spectroscopy for the analysis of coal : a review |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Journal of Raman spectroscopy |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
Volume |
42 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
123-129 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
Abstract |
The advances in the characterization of amorphous carbons by Raman spectroscopy over the last four decades are of interest to many industries, especially those involving the combustion, gasification and pyrolysis of coal. Many researchers report on the Raman character of the natural organic matter in carbon-containing compounds, such as coal, and relate the Raman bands to the structural order of the amorphous carbons. The basis of most of these studies evolved around the assignment of the G (graphitic, ∼1580 cm−1) band to crystalline graphite and any other bands, called D bands, (disorder, various from 1100 to 1500 cm−1) to any type of structural disorder in the graphitic structure. Concerning coal analysis, the information gained by Raman investigations has been used to describe char evolution as a function of temperature, the presence of catalysts and different gasification conditions. In addition, researchers looked at maturation, grade, doppleritization and many more aspects of interest. One aspect that has, however, not been addressed by most of the researchers is the natural inorganic matter (NIM) in the carbon-containing compounds. Micro-Raman spectroscopy (MRS) has many advantages over other characterization tools, i.e. in situ analysis, nondestructive, no sample preparation, low detection limit, micrometer-scale characterization, versatility and sensitivity to many amorphous compounds. With the distinct advantages it has over that of other molecular characterization tools, such as powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy with X-ray detection (SEM/EDS), it is surprising that it has not yet been fully exploited up to this point for the characterization of the NIM in coal and other amorphous carbons. This paper reviews the work published on the Raman characterization of the natural organic matter (NOM) of coals and reports on preliminary results of the NIM character of various South African coals, whereby various inorganic compounds and minerals in the coal have been characterized. |
Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000288543000001 |
Publication Date |
2010-03-11 |
Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
ISSN |
0377-0486 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:87024 |
Serial |
8452 |
Permanent link to this record |
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|
|
Author |
Vanderborght, B.; Van Grieken, R. |
Title |
Reduction of trace metal levels in analytical-grade activated carbon |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
1977 |
Publication |
Analytica chimica acta |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
Volume |
89 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
399-402 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
Abstract |
|
Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
A1977DB52500022 |
Publication Date |
2002-07-25 |
Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN |
0003-2670; 1873-4324 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116368 |
Serial |
8466 |
Permanent link to this record |
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|
Author |
Worobiec, A.; Samek, L.; Karaszkiewicz, P.; Kontozova-Deutsch, V.; Stefaniak, E.A.; van Meel, K.; Krata, A.; Bencs, L.; Van Grieken, R. |
Title |
A seasonal study of atmospheric conditions influenced by the intensive tourist flow in the Royal Museum of Wawel Castle in Cracow, Poland |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Microchemical journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
Volume |
90 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
99-106 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP) |
Abstract |
Increasingmass tourismcan generate importantmicroclimatic perturbations and also elevate indoor pollution by the transport of fine particulatematter. The purpose of this researchwas to study the indoor air conditions in the RoyalMuseum ofWawel Castle in Cracow, Poland, displaying amongst other valuable works of art also a unique collection of Flemish tapestries. The investigation involved in the determination of transport and deposition of particulate matter brought in by visitors. The microclimate inside the exhibition rooms was also monitored. Samples of suspended particulateswere collected inside and outside themuseuminwinterand summer2006.On days with intensive tourist visits the concentration of total suspended particulates was significantly higher (i.e., 130 µg/m3 inwinter and 49 µg/m3 in summer) than on those days without tourists (i.e., 73 µg/m3 and 22 µg/m3 in winter and summer, respectively). The concentrations of all investigated elementswere also considerably higher during the tourist flow. This was especially valid for soil dust associated elements (Si, K, Ca, Al, and Ti), with considerably higher levels in summer than winter. This could be linked with much more frequent tourist activity in the summer period. Also, the concentration of Clwasmuch higher inwinter than summer, due to the use of deicing salts on the roads and pavements. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
|
Wos |
000261084200003 |
Publication Date |
2008-04-27 |
Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN |
0026-265x; 0026-265x |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:70988 |
Serial |
8500 |
Permanent link to this record |
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|
Author |
Robberecht, H.; Van Grieken, R.; van Sprundel, M.; vanden Berghe, D.; Deelstra, H. |
Title |
Selenium in environmental and drinking waters of Belgium |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
1983 |
Publication |
The science of the total environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
Volume |
26 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
163-172 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
Abstract |
The tetravalent and hexavalent selenium content of water samples can be determined by conventional energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence after different preconcentration steps. Selenium values of nearly three-hundred different environmental and drinking water samples in Belgium are reported. The results are quite low, ranging from the detection limits up to 1 μg l−1. The concentration levels are compared to literature data and the speciation is discussed. The contribution of drinking water to the daily intake of selenium in Belgium ranges from less than 0.2 to 5%. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
A1983QD20900006 |
Publication Date |
2003-09-12 |
Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
ISSN |
0048-9697; 1879-1026 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116647 |
Serial |
8508 |
Permanent link to this record |
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|
Author |
Markowicz, A.; Storms, H.; Van Grieken, R. |
Title |
A simple absorption correction for electron probe X-ray microanalysis of bulk samples |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
1986 |
Publication |
X-ray spectrometry |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
Volume |
15 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
115-119 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
Abstract |
A simple procedure is proposed for the calculation of the absorption correction factor in electron-probe x-ray microanalysis. It is based on the concept of an effective depth of x-ray production, assuming a rectangular depth distribution function for x-ray generation. This effective x-ray production depth is expressed as a fraction of the x-ray excitation depth given by Whelan's expression. Adequate values for this fraction are presented. Two versions are considered. In the first the effective x-ray production is a function of both the characteristic x-ray energy and the atomic numbers of the matrix elements, whereas in the second one, which is indicated for routine use, the energy dependence is neglected. Calculations pointed to satisfactory results, even for low x-ray energies and high overvoltages. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
A1986C017300007 |
Publication Date |
2005-05-28 |
Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN |
0049-8246 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:113872 |
Serial |
8524 |
Permanent link to this record |
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|
Author |
Van Grieken, R.; Speecke, A.; Hoste, J. |
Title |
Simultaneous determination of silicon and phosphorus in cast iron by 14 MeV neutron activation analysis |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
Year |
1970 |
Publication |
Journal of radioanalytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
Volume |
6 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
385-398 |
Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
Abstract |
A fast (10 min), non-destructive simultaneous determination of silicon and phosphorus in cast iron and steel by 14 MeV neutron activation was developed. The 1.78 MeV28Al activity (T=2.24 min) induced by the reaction28Si(n, p)28Al is counted on a NaI(Tl) detector. Two measurements are made to correct for the 1.81 MeV56Mn activity (T=2.58 hr) from the iron matrix. However,28Al is also produced via31P(n, α)28Al. By (n, 2n) reaction, phosphorus yields also30P (T=2.6 min), the 0.511 MeV annihilation radiation of which is counted by two opposite NaI(Tl) detectors in coincidence. Again, two successive coincidence measurements are carried out in order to take into account the53Fe activity (β+; T=8.9 min) from54Fe(n, 2n)53Fe. The28Al measurement is appropriately corrected via the computed phosphorus content. An oxygen flux monitor was used to normalize to the same flux. Nuclear interferences have been examined. Special attention has been paid to the presence of copper. The standard deviation for phosphorus being as high as ca. 0.09% P for a single determination, this technique can only be practical as an independent phosphorus analysis for high phosphorus cast irons. The precision on the28Al measurement is 5% relative for 0.2% Si and 2.5% above 1% Si. |
Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
2006-10-11 |
Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN |
0134-0719; 2064-2857 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record |
Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116450 |
Serial |
8528 |
Permanent link to this record |
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|
Author |
Darchuk, L.A.; Zaverbna, L.V.; Worobiec, A.; Van Grieken, R. |
Title |
Structural features of human tooth tissues affected by high dose of external ionizing radiation after nuclear catastrophe of Chernobyl plant |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Microchemical journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
Volume |
97 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
282-285 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP) |
Abstract |
The application of micro-Raman spectroscopy is discussed for the analysis of structural features of human tooth tissues affected by high doses of external ionizing radiation (0.51.7 Gy) after the nuclear plant catastrophe in Chernobyl in 1986. The results have shown significant changes in the mineral matrix of dental enamel that lead to the decrease of tooth enamel hardness. Destruction of the collagen chain of the organic matrix has been observed for dentin and cementum. |
Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000286558200029 |
Publication Date |
2010-10-07 |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN |
0026-265x; 0026-265x |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:86818 |
Serial |
8585 |
Permanent link to this record |
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|
|
Author |
Jain, R.; Vikas; Rather, J.A. |
Title |
Voltammetric behaviour of drotaverine hydrochloride in surfactant media and its enhancement determination in Tween-20 |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Colloids and surfaces: B : biointerfaces |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
Volume |
82 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
333-339 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
Abstract |
Simple, sensitive and rapid adsorptive voltammetric behaviour of drotaverine hydrochloride onto the HMDE has been explored and validated in surfactant media by using cyclic, differential pulse and square-wave voltammetry. Addition of Tween-20 to the drotaverine hydrochloride containing electrolyte enhances the reduction current signal. The voltammograms of the drug with Tween-20 in phosphate buffers of pH 2.511.0 exhibit a single well defined reduction peak which may be due to the reduction of Cdouble bond; length as m-dashC group. The cyclic voltammetric studies indicated the reduction of drotaverine hydrochloride at the electrode surface through two electron irreversible step and diffusion-controlled. The peak current showed a linear dependence with the drug concentration over the range 0.87.2 μg mL−1. The calculated LOD and LOQ are 1.8 and 6.0 ng mL−1 by SWCAdSV and 8.1 and 27.2 ng mL−1 by DPCAdSV, respectively. The procedure was applied to the assay of the drug in tablet form with mean percentage recoveries of 100.2% with SWCAdSV and 99.7% with DPCAdSV. The validity of the proposed methods was further assessed by applying a standard addition technique. |
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Wos |
000285858200010 |
Publication Date |
2010-09-16 |
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ISSN |
0927-7765 |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Open Access |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:98686 |
Serial |
8742 |
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Author |
Jain, R.; Rather, J.A.; Dwivedi, A. |
Title |
Voltammetric behaviour of nitroxazepine in solubilized system and biological fluids |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Materials science and engineering: part C: biomimetic materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
31 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
230-237 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
Abstract |
This study reports the development and validation of sensitive and selective assay method for the determination of the antidepressant drug in solubilized system and biological fluids. Solubilized system of different surfactants including cationic, anionic and non-ionic influences the electrochemical response of drug. Addition of cationic surfactant cetrimide to the solution containing drug enhances the peak current signal while anionic and non-ionic showed an opposite effect. The current signal due to reduction process was function of concentration of nitroxazepine, pH, type of surfactant and preconcentration time at the electrode surface. The reduction process is irreversible and adsorption controlled at HMDE. Various chemical and instrumental parameters affecting the monitored electroanalytical response were investigated and optimized for niroxazepine hydrochloride determination. The proposed SWCAdSV and DPCAdSV methods are linear over the concentration range 2.0 × 10-7 5.0 × 10-9 mol/L and 6.1 × 10-7 1.0 × 10-8 mol/L with detection limit of 1.62 × 10-10 mo/L and 1.4 × 10-9 mo/L respectively. The method shows good sensitivity, selectivity, accuracy and precision that makes it very suitable for determination of nitroxazepine in pharmaceutical formulation and biological fluids. |
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000286707900024 |
Publication Date |
2010-09-08 |
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ISSN |
0928-4931 |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:98685 |
Serial |
8743 |
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Author |
Jain, R.; Rather, J.A. |
Title |
Voltammetric determination of antibacterial drug gemifloxacin in solubilized systems at multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon electrode |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Colloids and surfaces: B : biointerfaces |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
83 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
340-346 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
Abstract |
A sensitive electroanalytical method for determination of gemifloxacin in pharmaceutical formulation has been investigated on the basis of the enhanced electrochemical response at multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon electrode in the presence of CTAB. Solubilized system of different surfactants including SDS, Tween-20 and CTAB were taken for the study of electrochemical behaviour of gemifloxacin at modified electrode. The reduction peak current increases in the presence of CTAB while other surfactants show opposite effect. The modified electrode exhibits catalytic activity, high sensitivity, stability and is applicable over wide range of concentration for the determination of gemifloxacin. The mechanism of electrochemical reduction of gemifloxacin has been proposed on the basis of CV, SWV, DPV and coulometeric techniques. The proposed squarewave voltammetric method shows linearity over the concentration range 2.4715.5 μg/mL. The achieved limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) are 0.90 ng/mL and 3.0 ng/mL respectively. |
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000287268000020 |
Publication Date |
2010-12-08 |
Series Editor |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0927-7765 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:98687 |
Serial |
8744 |
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Author |
Van Grieken, R.; Worobiec, A. |
Title |
X-ray spectrometry for preventive conservation of cultural heritage |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Pramåna: a journal of physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
72 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2 |
Pages |
191-200 |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP) |
Abstract |
Analytical chemistry does play a key role in the chemical characterization of the environment and it appears that X-ray spectrometry, in its many forms, is one of the most relevant analytical techniques in preventive conservation, as it is in cultural heritage research in general. X-ray spectrometry has indeed been the method of choice for the characterization of the inorganic composition of atmospheric aerosols, for a long time. We have, over the last decade, intensively used various forms of X-ray spectrometry, viz., mostly energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence, e.g. with polarized high-energy beam excitation, and automated electron probe X-ray microanalysis, together with other techniques, to identify particle types and their sources in indoor environments, including museums, while gaseous indoor pollutants were assessed using passive diffusion samplers. In each case, both bulk aerosols and individual aerosol particles were studied. For microanalysis of single particles, we have investigated a dozen techniques, but for wide, real-life applications, automated electron probe X-ray microanalysis is the most rewarding. We have first studied atmospheric aerosols in and around the Correr Museum in Venice, many other museums in Austria, Japan and England, and in the caves with prehistoric rock paintings in Altamira, Spain. Very recently, measurements were done in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York and theWawel Castle in Cracow, in Italian and Polish mountain churches, in a number of museums in Belgium and the Netherlands, and in cathedrals with medieval stained glass windows. In the Correr museum, it appeared that the particles most threatening for the Bellini paintings were released by the deteriorating plaster renderings, and this could be avoided by simply improving the rendering on the museum walls. In the Wawel Castle, outdoor pollution particles, like fine soot from diesel traffic, entering via leaks in the windows and doors, and also street-deicing salts and coal burning pollution particles, brought in by visitors, mostly in winter, were found to be most worrisome. Urgent questions that are not solved at this moment pertain to the deposition processes from the atmosphere to the cultural heritage items, the critical surface interactions that take place on these items, and the establishment of suitable particle concentration standards. |
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000288861000002 |
Publication Date |
2011-05-20 |
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ISSN |
0304-4289; 0973-7111 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Open Access |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:87025 |
Serial |
8785 |
Permanent link to this record |