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Author Schowalter, M.; Rosenauer, A.; Titantah, J.T.; Lamoen, D. doi  openurl
  Title Computation and parametrization of the temperature dependence of Debye-Waller factors for group IV, III-V and II-VI semiconductors Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Acta crystallographica: section A: foundations of crystallography Abbreviated Journal Acta Crystallogr A  
  Volume 65 Issue 1 Pages 5-17  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract We calculated the temperature dependence of the Debye-Waller factors for a variety of group IV, III-V and II-VI semiconductors from 0.1 to 1000 K. The approach used to fit the temperature dependence is described and resulting fit parameters are tabulated for each material. The Debye-Waller factors are deduced from generalized phonon densities of states which were derived from first principles using the WIEN2k and the ABINIT codes.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Copenhagen Editor  
  Language Wos 000261799500002 Publication Date 2008-11-05  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0108-7673; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 5.725 Times cited 51 Open Access  
  Notes Fwo G.0425.05; Esteem 026019 Approved Most recent IF: 5.725; 2009 IF: 49.926  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:72918 Serial 453  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Schowalter, M.; Rosenauer, A.; Titantah, J.T.; Lamoen, D. doi  openurl
  Title Temperature-dependent Debye-Waller factors for semiconductors with the wurtzite-type structure Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Acta crystallographica: section A: foundations of crystallography Abbreviated Journal Acta Crystallogr A  
  Volume 65 Issue Pages 227-231  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract We computed Debye-Waller factors in the temperature range from 0.1 to 1000 K for AlN, GaN, InN, ZnO and CdO with the wurtzite-type structure. The Debye-Waller factors were derived from phonon densities of states obtained from Hellmann-Feynman forces computed within the density-functional-theory formalism. The temperature dependences of the Debye-Waller factors were fitted and fit parameters are given.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Copenhagen Editor  
  Language Wos 000264927100006 Publication Date 2009-03-12  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0108-7673; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 5.725 Times cited 23 Open Access  
  Notes Fwo G.0425.05; Esteem 026019 Approved Most recent IF: 5.725; 2009 IF: 49.926  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:74565 Serial 3497  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Shabalovskaya, S.A.; Tian, H.; Anderegg, J.W.; Schryvers, D.U.; Carroll, W.U.; van Humbeeck, J. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title The influence of surface oxides on the distribution and release of nickel from Nitinol wires Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Biomaterials Abbreviated Journal Biomaterials  
  Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 468-477  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract The patterns of Ni release from Nitinol vary depending on the type of material (NiTi alloys with low or no processing versus commercial wires or sheets). A thick TiO2 layer generated on the wire surface during processing is often considered as a reliable barrier against Ni release. The present study of Nitinol wires with surface oxides resulting from production was conducted to identify the sources of Ni release and its distribution in the surface sublayers. The chemistry and topography of the surfaces of Nitinol wires drawn using different techniques were studied with XPS and SEM. The distribution of Ni into surface depth and the surface oxide thickness were evaluated using Auger spectroscopy, TEM with FIB and ELNES. Ni release was estimated using either ICPA or AAS. Potentiodynamic potential polarization of selected wires was performed in as-received state with no strain and in treated strained samples. Wire samples in the as-received state showed low breakdown potentials (200 mV); the improved corrosion resistance of these wires after treatment was not affected by strain. It is shown how processing techniques affect surface topography, chemistry and also Ni release. Nitinol wires with the thickest surface oxide TiO2 (up to 720 nm) showed the highest Ni release, attributed to the presence of particles of essentially pure Ni whose number and size increased while approaching the interface between the surface and the bulk. The biological implications of high and lasting Ni release are also discussed.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Guildford Editor  
  Language Wos 000262065500006 Publication Date 2008-11-09  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0142-9612; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 8.402 Times cited 102 Open Access  
  Notes Fwo; G.0465.05 Approved Most recent IF: 8.402; 2009 IF: 7.365  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:72320 Serial 1641  
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Author Karabidak, S.M.; Čevik, U.; Kaya, S. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title A new method to compensate for counting losses due to system dead time Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Nuclear instruments and methods in physics research : A: accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 603 Issue 3 Pages 361-364  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract Determination of count losses and pile-up pulse effects in quantitative and qualitative analysis became a vital step in various analyses. Therefore, compensating for counting losses is of importance. These counting losses are due to the pulse pile-up, paralyzable and non-paralyzable system dead time or a combination of these mechanisms. In this work, a new method is suggested for the correction of dead time losses resulting from the above mechanisms. For this purpose, a source code was developed. It was found that the peaking time was an important parameter over system dead time. The method suggested seems to be more effective even at high count rate. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000266829400021 Publication Date 2009-02-14  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0168-9002 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:94550 Serial 8304  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Croitoru, M.D.; Shanenko, A.A.; Peeters, F.M. doi  openurl
  Title Superconducting nanowires: quantum-confinement effect on the critical magnetic field and supercurrent Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication International journal of modern physics: B: condensed matter physics, statistical physics, applied physics T2 – 32nd International Workshop on Condensed Matter Theories, Aug 12-19, 2008, Loughborough Univ, Loughborough, England Abbreviated Journal Int J Mod Phys B  
  Volume 23 Issue 20-21 Pages 4257-4268  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT); Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract We study the effect of electron confinement on the superconducting-to-normal phase transition driven by a magnetic field and/or on the current-carrying state of the superconducting condensate in nanowires. Our investigation is based on a self-consistent numerical solution of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations. We show that in a parallel magnetic field and/or in the presence of supercurrent the transition from superconducting to normal phase occurs as a cascade of discontinuous jumps in the superconducting order parameter for diameters D < 10 divided by 15 nm at T = 0. The critical magnetic field exhibits quantum-size oscillations with pronounced resonant enhancements.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher World scientific Place of Publication Singapore Editor  
  Language Wos 000274525500026 Publication Date 2009-09-23  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0217-9792;1793-6578; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 0.736 Times cited 1 Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 0.736; 2009 IF: 0.408  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:95673 Serial 3362  
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Author Lind, O.C.; Salbu, B.; Skipperud, L.; Janssens, K.; Jaroszewicz, J.; de Nolf, W. doi  openurl
  Title Solid state speciation and potential bioavailability of depleted uranium particles from Kosovo and Kuwait Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Journal of environmental radioactivity Abbreviated Journal J Environ Radioactiv  
  Volume 100 Issue 4 Pages 301-307  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract A combination of synchrotron radiation based X-ray microscopic techniques (ì-XRF, ì-XANES, ì-XRD) applied on single depleted uranium (DU) particles and semi-bulk leaching experiments has been employed to link the potential bioavailability of DU particles to site-specific particle characteristics. The oxidation states and crystallographic forms of U in DU particles have been determined for individual particles isolated from selected samples collected at different sites in Kosovo and Kuwait that were contaminated by DU ammunition during the 1999 Balkan conflict and the 1991 Gulf war. Furthermore, small soil or sand samples heavily contaminated with DU particles were subjected to simulated gastrointestinal fluid (0.16 M HCl) extractions. Characteristics of DU particles in Kosovo soils collected in 2000 and in Kuwait soils collected in 2002 varied significantly depending on the release scenario and to some extent on weathering conditions. Oxidized U (+6) was determined in large, fragile and bright yellow DU particles released during fire at a DU ammunition storage facility and crystalline phases such as schoepite (UO3·2.25H2O), dehydrated schoepite (UO3·0.75H2O) and metaschoepite (UO3·2.0H2O) were identified. As expected, these DU particles were rapidly dissolved in 0.16 M HCl (84 ± 3% extracted after 2 h) indicating a high degree of potential mobility and bioavailability. In contrast, the 2 h extraction of samples contaminated with DU particles originating either from corrosion of unspent DU penetrators or from impacted DU ammunition appeared to be much slower (2030%) as uranium was less oxidized (+4 to +6). Crystalline phases such as UO2, UC and metallic U or UTi alloy were determined in impacted DU particles from Kosovo and Kuwait, while the UO2,34 phase, only determined in particles from Kosovo, could reflect a more corrosive environment. Although the results are based on a limited number of DU particles, they indicate that the structure and extractability of DU particles released from similar sources (metallic U penetrators) will depend on the release scenarios (fire, impact) and to some extent environmental conditions. However, most of the DU particles (7396%) in all investigated samples were dissolved in 0.16 M HCl after one week indicating that a majority of the DU material is bioaccessible.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000264649500004 Publication Date 2009-02-18  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0265-931x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.31 Times cited 49 Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 2.31; 2009 IF: 1.268  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:76413 Serial 5834  
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Author Connolly, M.R.; Milošević, M.V.; Bending, S.J.; Clem, J.R.; Tamegai, T. doi  openurl
  Title Continuum vs. discrete flux behaviour in large mesoscopic Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+\delta disks Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Europhysics letters Abbreviated Journal Epl-Europhys Lett  
  Volume 85 Issue 1 Pages 17008,1-17008,6  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)  
  Abstract Scanning Hall probe and local Hall magnetometry measurements have been used to investigate flux distributions in large mesoscopic superconducting disks with sizes that lie near the crossover between the bulk and mesoscopic vortex regimes. Results obtained by directly mapping the magnetic induction profiles of the disks at different applied fields can be quite successfully fitted to analytic models which assume a continuous distribution of flux in the sample. At low fields, however, we do observe clear signatures of the underlying discrete vortex structure and can resolve the characteristic mesoscopic compression of vortex clusters in increasing magnetic fields. Even at higher fields, where single-vortex resolution is lost, we are still able to track configurational changes in the vortex patterns, since competing vortex orders impose unmistakable signatures on “local” magnetisation curves as a function of the applied field. Our observations are in excellent agreement with molecular-dynamics numerical simulations which lead us to a natural definition of the lengthscale for the crossover between discrete and continuum behaviours in our system.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Paris Editor  
  Language Wos 000263692500029 Publication Date 2009-01-20  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0295-5075;1286-4854; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 1.957 Times cited 17 Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 1.957; 2009 IF: 2.893  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:76306 Serial 495  
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Author Szafran, B.; Poniedziałek, M.R.; Peeters, F.M. doi  openurl
  Title Violation of Onsager symmetry for a ballistic channel Coulomb coupled to a quantum ring Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Europhysics letters Abbreviated Journal Epl-Europhys Lett  
  Volume 87 Issue 4 Pages 47002,1-47002,6  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)  
  Abstract We investigate a scattering of electron which is injected individually into an empty ballistic channel containing a cavity that is Coulomb coupled to a quantum ring charged with a single electron. We solve the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for the electron pair with an exact account for the electron-electron correlation. Absorption of energy and angular momentum by the quantum ring is not an even function of the external magnetic field. As a consequence we find that the electron backscattering probability is asymmetric in the magnetic field and thus violates Onsager symmetry.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Paris Editor  
  Language Wos 000270146400017 Publication Date 2009-09-02  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0295-5075;1286-4854; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 1.957 Times cited 4 Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 1.957; 2009 IF: 2.893  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:79734 Serial 3847  
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Author Nelissen, K.; Partoens, B.; van den Broeck, C. doi  openurl
  Title Work and dissipation in 2D clusters Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Europhysics letters Abbreviated Journal Epl-Europhys Lett  
  Volume 88 Issue 3 Pages 30001-30001,6  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)  
  Abstract We show by extensive numerical simulations, that far-from-equilibrium experiments on dusty plasmas and on dipole particles in a circular cavity are good candidates for the verification of the Jarzynski equality, the Crooks relation and, to a lesser extent, of the recently obtained microscopic expression for the dissipated work.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Paris Editor  
  Language Wos 000271961400001 Publication Date 2009-11-05  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0295-5075;1286-4854; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 1.957 Times cited 2 Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 1.957; 2009 IF: 2.893  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:86925 Serial 3922  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Van Passel, S.; Van Huylenbroeck, G.; Lauwers, L.; Mathijs, E. doi  openurl
  Title Sustainable value assessment of farms using frontier efficiency benchmarks Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Journal Of Environmental Management Abbreviated Journal J Environ Manage  
  Volume 90 Issue 10 Pages 3057-3069  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Economics  
  Abstract Appropriate assessment of firm sustainability facilitates actor-driven processes towards sustainable development. The methodology in this paper builds further on two proven methodologies for the assessment of sustainability performance: it combines the sustainable value approach with frontier efficiency benchmarks. The sustainable value methodology tries to relate firm performance to the use of different resources. This approach assesses contributions to corporate sustainability by comparing firm resource productivity with the resource productivity of a benchmark, and this for all resources considered. The efficiency is calculated by estimating the production frontier indicating the maximum feasible production possibilities. In this research, the sustainable value approach is combined with efficiency analysis methods to benchmark sustainability assessment. In this way, the production theoretical underpinnings of efficiency analysis enrich the sustainable value approach. The methodology is presented using two different functional forms: the CobbDouglas and the translog functional forms. The simplicity of the CobbDouglas functional form as benchmark is very attractive but it lacks flexibility. The translog functional form is more flexible but has the disadvantage that it requires a lot of data to avoid estimation problems. Using frontier methods for deriving firm specific benchmarks has the advantage that the particular situation of each company is taken into account when assessing sustainability. Finally, we showed that the methodology can be used as an integrative sustainability assessment tool for policy measures.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000269022800013 Publication Date 2009-06-24  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0301-4797 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 4.01 Times cited 41 Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 4.01; 2009 IF: 2.367  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:136762 Serial 6259  
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Author Damla, N.; Čevik, U.; Kobya, A.I.; Celik, A.; Van Grieken, R.; Kobya, Y. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Characterization of gas concrete materials used in buildings of Turkey Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Journal of hazardous materials Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 168 Issue 2/3 Pages 681-687  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract The activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in gas concrete samples collected from different suppliers and some provinces in Turkey were measured using gamma-ray spectrometry. Knowledge of radioactivity in gas concrete used in building materials enables one to assess any possible radiological risks to human health. The mean activity concentrations observed in the gas concrete samples were 82.0, 28.2 and 383.9 Bq kg−1 for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K, respectively. The radium equivalent activity, external and internal hazard indices as well as terrestrial absorbed dose and annual effective dose rate was calculated. The results indicate that the radium equivalent activity values of gas concrete samples are lower than the limit of 370 Bq kg−1, equivalent to a gamma-dose of 1.5 mSv y−1. Moreover, mass attenuation coefficients were measured in some gas concrete samples. It was found that the mass attenuation coefficients decreased with increasing photon energies. Also, chemical compositions and structural analysis (XRD and SEM) of the gas concrete samples were investigated.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000268200700014 Publication Date 2009-02-26  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0304-3894 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:77256 Serial 7621  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Stefaniak, E.A.; Alsecz, A.; Frost, R.; Máthé, Z.; Sajó, I.E.; Török, S.; Worobiec, A.; Van Grieken, R. doi  openurl
  Title Combined SEM/EDX and micro-Raman spectroscopy analysis of uranium minerals from a former uranium mine Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Journal of hazardous materials Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 168 Issue 1 Pages 416-423  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract Samples of the secondary uranium minerals collected in the abandoned uranium mine at Pecs (Hungary) were investigated by two micro-techniques: scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDX) and micro-Raman spectroscopy (MRS). They were applied to locate U-rich particles and identify the chemical form and oxidation state of the uranium compounds. The most abundant mineral was a K and/or Na uranyl sulphate (zippeite group). U(VI) was also present in the form showing intensive Raman scattering at 860 cm−1 which can be attributed to uranium trioxide. This research has shown the successful application of micro-Raman spectroscopy for the identification of uranyl mineral species on the level of individual particles.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000267567600060 Publication Date 2009-02-22  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0304-3894 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:77032 Serial 7681  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Celik, N.; Čevik, U.; Celik, A.; Koz, B. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Natural and artificial radioactivity measurements in Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Journal of hazardous materials Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 162 Issue 1 Pages 146-153  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract In the present work, naturally occurring radionuclides of (226)Ra, (232)Th and (40)K were measured in soil samples collected from the Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey. It was found that the activity concentrations ranged from 12 to 120 Bq kg(-1) for (226)Ra, from 13 to 121 Bq kg(-1) for (232)Th and from 204 to 1295 Bq kg(-1) for (40)K. Besides naturally occurring radionuclides, (137)Cs activity concentration was measured in soil, lichen and moss samples and it was found that (137)Cs activity concentration ranged from 27 to 775 Bq kg(-1) with for soil, from 29 to 879 Bq kg(-1) for lichen and from 67 to 1396 Bq kg(-1) for moss samples. Annual effective doses due to the naturally occurring radionuclides and (137)CS were estimated. Ecological half-lives of (137)CS in lichen and moss species were estimated. The decrease of the activity concentrations in the present measurements (2007) relative to those in 1993 indicated ecological half-lives between 1.36 and 2.96 years for lichen and between 1.35 and 2.85 years for moss species. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000263149400019 Publication Date 2008-05-10  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0304-3894 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:94562 Serial 8296  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Batenburg, K.J.; Bals, S.; Sijbers, J.; Kübel, C.; Midgley, P.A.; Hernandez, J.C.; Kaiser, U.; Encina, E.R.; Coronado, E.A.; Van Tendeloo, G. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title 3D imaging of nanomaterials by discrete tomography Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 109 Issue 6 Pages 730-740  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab  
  Abstract The field of discrete tomography focuses on the reconstruction of samples that consist of only a few different materials. Ideally, a three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of such a sample should contain only one grey level for each of the compositions in the sample. By exploiting this property in the reconstruction algorithm, either the quality of the reconstruction can be improved significantly, or the number of required projection images can be reduced. The discrete reconstruction typically contains fewer artifacts and does not have to be segmented, as it already contains one grey level for each composition. Recently, a new algorithm, called discrete algebraic reconstruction technique (DART), has been proposed that can be used effectively on experimental electron tomography datasets. In this paper, we propose discrete tomography as a general reconstruction method for electron tomography in materials science. We describe the basic principles of DART and show that it can be applied successfully to three different types of samples, consisting of embedded ErSi2 nanocrystals, a carbon nanotube grown from a catalyst particle and a single gold nanoparticle, respectively.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000265816400005 Publication Date 2009-02-01  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 220 Open Access  
  Notes Fwo; Esteem 026019 Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2009 IF: 2.067  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:74665 c:irua:74665 Serial 12  
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Author Verbeeck, J.; Bertoni, G. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Deconvolution of core electron energy loss spectra Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 109 Issue 11 Pages 1343-1352  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract Different deconvolution methods for removing multiple scattering and instrumental broadening from core loss electron energy loss spectra are compared with special attention to the artefacts they introduce. The Gaussian modifier method, Wiener filter, maximum entropy, and model based methods are described. Their performance is compared on virtual spectra where the true single scattering distribution is known. A test on experimental spectra confirms the good performance of model based deconvolution in comparison to maximum entropy methods and shows the advantage of knowing the estimated error bars from a single spectrum acquisition.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000270765800005 Publication Date 2009-07-01  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 13 Open Access  
  Notes Fwo; Esteem 026019 Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2009 IF: 2.067  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:79073UA @ admin @ c:irua:79073 Serial 610  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Van Aert, S.; Chang, L.Y.; Bals, S.; Kirkland, A.I.; Van Tendeloo, G. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Effect of amorphous layers on the interpretation of restored exit waves Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 109 Issue 3 Pages 237-246  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract The effects of amorphous layers on the quality of exit wave restorations have been investigated. Two independently developed software implementations for exit wave restoration have been used to simulated focal series of images of SrTiO3 with amorphous carbon layers incorporated. The restored exit waves have been compared both qualitatively and quantitatively. We have shown that amorphous layers have a strong impact on the quantitative measurements of atomic column positions, however, the error in the position measurements is still in the picometer range.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000264280200005 Publication Date 2008-11-15  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 10 Open Access  
  Notes Fwo; Esteem 026019 Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2009 IF: 2.067  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:76421 Serial 796  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Verbeeck, J.; Sc hattschneider, P.; Rosenauer, A. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Image simulation of high resolution energy filtered TEM images Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 109 Issue 4 Pages 350-360  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract Inelastic image simulation software is presented, implementing the double channeling approximation which takes into account the combination of multiple elastic and single inelastic scattering in a crystal. The approach is described with a density matrix formalism. Two applications in high resolution energy filtered (EFTEM) transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images are presented: thickness-defocus maps for SrTiO3 and exit plane intensities for an (LaAlO3)3(SrTiO3)3 multilayer system. Both systems show a severe breakdown in direct interpretability which becomes worse for higher acceleration voltages, thicker samples and lower excitation edge energies. Since this effect already occurs in the exit plane intensity, it is a fundamental limit and image simulations in EFTEM are indispensable just as they are indispensable for elastic high resolution TEM images.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000265345400009 Publication Date 2009-01-17  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 36 Open Access  
  Notes Fwo; Esteem 026019 Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2009 IF: 2.067  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:77272UA @ admin @ c:irua:77272 Serial 1552  
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Author van den Broek, W.; Van Aert, S.; van Dyck, D. doi  openurl
  Title A model based atomic resolution tomographic algorithm Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 109 Issue 12 Pages 1485-1490  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab  
  Abstract Tomography with high angular annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy at atomic resolution can be greatly improved if one is able to take advantage of prior knowledge. In this paper we present a reconstruction technique that explicitly takes into account the microscope parameters and the atomic nature of the projected object. This results in a more accurate estimate of the atomic positions and in a good resistance to noise. The reconstruction is a maximum likelihood estimator of the object. Moreover, the limits to the precision have been explored, allowing for a prediction of the amount of expected noise in the reconstruction for a certain experimental setup. We believe that the proposed reconstruction technique can be generalized to other tomographic experiments.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000271840200010 Publication Date 2009-08-28  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 17 Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2009 IF: 2.067  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:78588 Serial 2097  
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Author Van Aert, S.; Verbeeck, J.; Erni, R.; Bals, S.; Luysberg, M.; van Dyck, D.; Van Tendeloo, G. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Quantitative atomic resolution mapping using high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 109 Issue 10 Pages 1236-1244  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab  
  Abstract A model-based method is proposed to relatively quantify the chemical composition of atomic columns using high angle annular dark field (HAADF) scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images. The method is based on a quantification of the total intensity of the scattered electrons for the individual atomic columns using statistical parameter estimation theory. In order to apply this theory, a model is required describing the image contrast of the HAADF STEM images. Therefore, a simple, effective incoherent model has been assumed which takes the probe intensity profile into account. The scattered intensities can then be estimated by fitting this model to an experimental HAADF STEM image. These estimates are used as a performance measure to distinguish between different atomic column types and to identify the nature of unknown columns with good accuracy and precision using statistical hypothesis testing. The reliability of the method is supported by means of simulated HAADF STEM images as well as a combination of experimental images and electron energy-loss spectra. It is experimentally shown that statistically meaningful information on the composition of individual columns can be obtained even if the difference in averaged atomic number Z is only 3. Using this method, quantitative mapping at atomic resolution using HAADF STEM images only has become possible without the need of simultaneously recorded electron energy loss spectra.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000270015200004 Publication Date 2009-05-28  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 166 Open Access  
  Notes Fwo; Esteem 026019 Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2009 IF: 2.067  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:78585UA @ admin @ c:irua:78585 Serial 2748  
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Author Schattschneider, P.; Verbeeck, J.; Hamon, A.L. doi  openurl
  Title Real space maps of atomic transitions Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 109 Issue 7 Pages 781-787  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract Considering the rapid technical development of transmission electron microscopes, we investigate the possibility to map electronic transitions in real space on the atomic scale. To this purpose, we analyse the information carried by the scatterer's initial and final state wave functions and the role of the different atomic transition channels for the inelastic scattering cross section. It is shown that the change in the magnetic quantum number in the transition can be mapped. Two experimental set-ups are proposed, one blocking half the diffraction plane, the other one using a cylinder lens for imaging. Both methods break the conventional circular symmetry in the electron microscope making it possible to detect the handedness of electronic transitions as an asymmetry in the image intensity. This finding is of important for atomic resolution energy-loss magnetic chiral dichroism (EMCD), allowing to obtain the magnetic moments of single atoms.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000266787900002 Publication Date 2009-03-01  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 10 Open Access  
  Notes J.V. acknowledges the FWO-Vlaanderen for support (contract no. G.0147.06) and the European Union under the Framework 6 program under a contract for an Integrated Infrastructure Initiative. Reference 026019 ESTEEM. Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2009 IF: 2.067  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:77360UA @ admin @ c:irua:77360 Serial 2829  
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Author Müller, K.; Schowalter, M.; Jansen, J.; Tsuda, K.; Titantah, J.; Lamoen, D.; Rosenauer, A. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Refinement of the 200 structure factor for GaAs using parallel and convergent beam electron nanodiffraction data Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 109 Issue 7 Pages 802-814  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract We present a new method to measure structure factors from electron spot diffraction patterns recorded under almost parallel illumination in transmission electron microscopes. Bloch wave refinement routines have been developed to refine the crystal thickness, its orientation and structure factors by comparison of experimentally recorded and calculated intensities. Our method requires a modicum of computational effort, making it suitable for contemporary personal computers. Frozen lattice and Bloch wave simulations of GaAs diffraction patterns are used to derive optimised experimental conditions. Systematic errors are estimated from the application of the method to simulated diffraction patterns and rules for the recognition of physically reasonable initial refinement conditions are derived. The method is applied to the measurement of the 200 structure factor for GaAs. We found that the influence of inelastically scattered electrons is negligible. Additionally, we measured the 200 structure factor from zero loss filtered two-dimensional convergent beam electron diffraction patterns. The precision of both methods is found to be comparable and the results agree well with each other. A deviation of more than 20% from isolated atom scattering data is observed, whereas close agreement is found with structure factors obtained from density functional theory [A. Rosenauer, M. Schowalter, F. Glas, D. Lamoen, Phys. Rev. B 72 (2005), 085326-1], which account for the redistribution of electrons due to chemical bonding via modified atomic scattering amplitudes.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000266787900005 Publication Date 2009-03-23  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 8 Open Access  
  Notes Fwo; G.0425.05; Esteem; Ant 200611271505 Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2009 IF: 2.067  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:77361 Serial 2856  
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Author Ke, X.; Bals, S.; Romo Negreira, A.; Hantschel, T.; Bender, H.; Van Tendeloo, G. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title TEM sample preparation by FIB for carbon nanotube interconnects Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 109 Issue 11 Pages 1353-1359  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract A powerful method to study carbon nanotubes (CNTs) grown in patterned substrates for potential interconnects applications is transmission electron microscopy (TEM). However, high-quality TEM samples are necessary for such a study. Here, TEM specimen preparation by focused ion beam (FIB) has been used to obtain lamellae of patterned samples containing CNTs grown inside contact holes. A dual-cap Pt protection layer and an extensive 5 kV cleaning procedure are applied in order to preserve the CNTs and avoid deterioration during milling. TEM results show that the inner shell structure of the carbon nanotubes has been preserved, which proves that focused ion beam is a useful technique to prepare TEM samples of CNT interconnects.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000270765800006 Publication Date 2009-07-11  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 21 Open Access  
  Notes Esteem 026019; Iap Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2009 IF: 2.067  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:79074 Serial 3485  
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Author van den Broek, W.; Verbeeck, J.; Schryvers, D.; de Backer, S.; Scheunders, P. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Tomographic spectroscopic imaging; an experimental proof of concept Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 109 Issue 4 Pages 296-303  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab  
  Abstract Recording the electron energy loss spectroscopy data cube with a series of energy filtered images is a dose inefficient process because the energy slit blocks most of the electrons. When recording the data cube by scanning an electron probe over the sample, perfect dose efficiency is attained; but due to the low current in nanoprobes, this often is slower, with a smaller field of view. In W. Van den Broek et al. [Ultramicroscopy, 106 (2006) 269], we proposed a new method to record the data cube, which is more dose efficient than an energy filtered series. It produces a set of projections of the data cube and then tomographically reconstructs it. In this article, we demonstrate these projections in practice, we present a simple geometrical model that allows for quantification of the projection angles and we present the first successful experimental reconstruction, all on a standard post-column instrument.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000265345400003 Publication Date 2008-12-10  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 1 Open Access  
  Notes Esteem 026019 Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2009 IF: 2.067  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:77271 Serial 3671  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Michel, K.H.; Verberck, B. doi  openurl
  Title Theoretical phonon dispersions in monolayers and multilayers of hexagonal boron-nitride Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Physica status solidi: B: basic research Abbreviated Journal Phys Status Solidi B  
  Volume 246 Issue 11/12 Pages 2802-2805  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)  
  Abstract Starting from an empirical force constant model of valence interactions and calculating by Ewald's method the electrostatic force constants, we derive the dynamical matrix for a monolayer and for multilayer systems of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN). Solution of the secular problem leads to the corresponding phonon dispersion relations. The interplay between valence forces and Coulomb forces is discussed. A comparison with previous results on graphene and graphene multilayers is made. Our spectra on the h-BN monolayer are rather similar to previous ab initio theory results. Comparison is also made with Raman and infrared experimental results.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Berlin Editor  
  Language Wos 000272904100091 Publication Date 2009-11-12  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0370-1972; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 1.674 Times cited 10 Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 1.674; 2009 IF: 1.150  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:80673 Serial 3609  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Brosens, F.; Magnus, W. doi  openurl
  Title Carrier transport in nanodevices: revisiting the Boltzmann and Wigner distribution functions Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Physica status solidi: B: basic research Abbreviated Journal Phys Status Solidi B  
  Volume 246 Issue 7 Pages 1656-1661  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT); Theory of quantum systems and complex systems  
  Abstract In principle, transport of charged carriers in nanometer sized solid-state devices can be fully characterized once the non-equilibrium distribution function describing the carrier ensemble is known. In this light, we have revisited the Boltzmann and the Wigner distribution functions and the framework in which they emerge from the classical respectively quantum mechanical Liouville equation. We have assessed the method of the characteristic curves as a potential workhorse to solve the time dependent Boltzmann equation for carriers propagating through spatially non-uniform systems, such as nanodevices. In order to validate the proposed solution strategy, we numerically solve the Boltzmann equation for a one-dimensional conductor mimicking the basic features of a biased low-dimensional transistor operating in the on-state. Finally, we propose a computational scheme capable of extending the benefits of the above mentioned solution strategy when it comes to solve the Wigner-Liouville equation.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Berlin Editor  
  Language Wos 000268659100033 Publication Date 2009-04-22  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0370-1972;1521-3951; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 1.674 Times cited 8 Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 1.674; 2009 IF: 1.150  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:77953 Serial 284  
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Author Lamoen, D.; March, N.H. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Orientational disorder in some molecular solids in relation to the boson peak in glasses Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Physics letters : A Abbreviated Journal Phys Lett A  
  Volume 373 Issue 7 Pages 799-800  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract Orientational disorder in some molecular solids is discussed in relation to the emphasis placed on transverse vibrational modes in glasses as the origin of the observed boson peak in two very recent contributions in Nature Materials. In particular, facts are here presented for (i) CH4, (ii) C60 and (iii) ethanol in their solid phases for (a) specific heat and (b) neutron scattering. The results for ethanol in particular do not fit in with the interpretation of the boson peak in terms of transverse acoustic phonons in disordered systems. Glasses will therefore have to be separated into at least two classes where the physical interpretation of the boson peak is concerned.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000263515500020 Publication Date 2009-01-09  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0375-9601; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 1.772 Times cited 3 Open Access  
  Notes Bof Approved Most recent IF: 1.772; 2009 IF: 2.009  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:72917 Serial 2516  
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Author Bogaerts, A. doi  openurl
  Title Effects of oxygen addition to argon glow discharges: a hybrid Monte Carlo-fluid modeling investigation Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy Abbreviated Journal Spectrochim Acta B  
  Volume 64 Issue 11/12 Pages 1266-1279  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract A hybrid model is developed for describing the effects of oxygen addition to argon glow discharges. The species taken into account in the model include Ar atoms in the ground state and the metastable level, O2 gas molecules in the ground state and two metastable levels, O atoms in the ground state and one metastable level, O3 molecules, Ar+, O+, O2+ and O− ions, as well as the electrons. The hybrid model consists of a Monte Carlo model for electrons and fluid models for the other plasma species. In total, 87 different reactions between the various plasma species are taken into account. Calculation results include the species densities and the importance of their production and loss processes, as well as the dissociation degree of oxygen. The effect of different O2 additions on these calculation results, as well as on the sputtering rates, is discussed.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Oxford Editor  
  Language Wos 000272910300016 Publication Date 2009-10-23  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0584-8547; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 3.241 Times cited 39 Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 3.241; 2009 IF: 2.719  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:79271 Serial 869  
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Author Schalm, O.; van der Linden, V.; Frederickx, P.; Luyten, S.; van der Snickt, G.; Caen, J.; Schryvers, D.; Janssens, K.; Cornelis, E.; van Dyck, D.; Schreiner, M. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Enamels in stained glass windows: preparation, chemical composition, microstructure and causes of deterioration Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy Abbreviated Journal Spectrochim Acta B  
  Volume 64 Issue 8 Pages 812-820  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Vision lab  
  Abstract Stained glass windows incorporating dark blue and purple enamel paint layers are in some cases subject to severe degradation while others from the same period survived the ravages of time. A series of dark blue, greenblue and purple enamel glass paints from the same region (Northwestern Europe) and from the same period (16early 20th centuries) has been studied by means of a combination of microscopic X-ray fluorescence analysis, electron probe micro analysis and transmission electron microscopy with the aim of better understanding the causes of the degradation. The chemical composition of the enamels diverges from the average chemical composition of window glass. Some of the compositions appear to be unstable, for example those with a high concentration of K2O and a low content of CaO and PbO. In other cases, the deterioration of the paint layers was caused by the less than optimal vitrification of the enamel during the firing process. Recipes and chemical compositions indicate that glassmakers of the 1617th century had full control over the color of the enamel glass paints they made. They mainly used three types of coloring agents, based on Co (dark blue), Mn (purple) and Cu (light-blue or greenblue) as coloring elements. Bluepurple enamel paints were obtained by mixing two different coloring agents. The coloring agent for redpurple enamel, introduced during the 19th century, was colloidal gold embedded in grains of lead glass.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Oxford Editor  
  Language Wos 000269995300018 Publication Date 2009-06-19  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0584-8547; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 3.241 Times cited 28 Open Access  
  Notes Iuap Vi/6; Fwo; Goa Approved Most recent IF: 3.241; 2009 IF: 2.719  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:79647 Serial 1035  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Bogaerts, A. doi  openurl
  Title Hybrid Monte Carlo: fluid model for studying the effects of nitrogen addition to argon glow discharges Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy Abbreviated Journal Spectrochim Acta B  
  Volume 64 Issue 2 Pages 126-140  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)  
  Abstract A computer model is developed for describing argon/nitrogen glow discharges. The species taken into account in the model include electrons, Ar atoms in the ground state and in the 4s metastable levels, N2 molecules in the ground state and in six different electronically excited levels, N atoms, Ar+ ions, N+, N2+, N3+ and N4+ ions. The fast electrons are simulated with a Monte Carlo model, whereas all other species are treated in a fluid model. 74 different chemical reactions are considered in the model. The calculation results include the densities of all the different plasma species, as well as information on their production and loss processes. The effect of different N2 additions, in the range between 0.1 and 10%, is investigated.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Oxford Editor  
  Language Wos 000263621300002 Publication Date 2008-12-02  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0584-8547; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 3.241 Times cited 49 Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 3.241; 2009 IF: 2.719  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:72829 Serial 1525  
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Author de Nolf, W.; Jaroszewicz, J.; Terzano, R.; Lind, O.C.; Salbu, B.; Vekemans, B.; Janssens, K.; Falkenberg, G. doi  openurl
  Title Possibilities and limitations of synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction with double crystal and double multilayer monochromators for microscopic speciation studies Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy Abbreviated Journal Spectrochim Acta B  
  Volume 64 Issue 8 Pages 775-781  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract The performance of a combined microbeam X-ray fluorescence/X-ray powder diffraction (XRF/XRPD) measurement station at Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungslabor (HASYLAB) Beamline L is discussed in comparison to that at European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) ID18F/ID22. The angular resolution in the X-ray diffractograms is documented when different combinations of X-ray source, optics and X-ray diffraction detectors are employed. Typical angular resolution values in the range 0.30.5° are obtained at the bending magnet source when a pink beam form of excitation is employed. A similar setup at European Synchrotron Radiation Facility beamlines ID18F and ID22 allows to reach angular resolution values of 0.10.15°. In order to document the possibilities and limitations for speciation of metals in environmental materials by means of Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungslabor Beamline L X-ray fluorescence/X-ray powder diffraction setup, two case studies are discussed, one involved in the identification of the crystal phases in which heavy metals such as chromium, iron, barium and lead are present in polluted soils of an industrial site (Val Basento, Italy) and another involved in the speciation of uranium in depleted uranium particles (Ceja Mountains, Kosovo). In the former case, the angular resolution is sufficient to allow identification of most crystalline phases present while in the latter case, it is necessary to dispose of an angular resolution of ca. 0.2° to distinguish between different forms of oxidized uranium.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000269995300010 Publication Date 2009-06-12  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0584-8547; 0038-6987 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 3.241 Times cited 7 Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 3.241; 2009 IF: 2.719  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:79739 Serial 5778  
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