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“About “bulky&rdquo, links, generated by generalized Möbius Listing's bodies GML3n”. Tavkhelidze I, Cassisa C, Gielis J, Ricci PE, Matematica e applicazioni : atti della Accademia nazionale dei Lincei 24, 11 (2013). http://doi.org/10.4171/RLM/643
Abstract: In the present paper we consider the “bulky knots'' and ”bulky links'', which appear after cutting a Generalized Möbius Listing's GMLn3 body (whose radial cross section is a plane 3-symmetric figure with three vertices) along different Generalized Möbius Listing's surfaces GMLn2 situated in it. This article is aimed to investigate the number and geometric structure of the independent objects appearing after such a cutting process of GMLn3 bodies. In most cases we are able to count the indices of the resulting mathematical objects according to the known tabulation for Knots and Links of small complexity.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.4171/RLM/643
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“A van der Waals heterostructure of MoS₂/MoSi₂N₄, : a first-principles study”. Bafekry A, Faraji M, Ziabari AA, Fadlallah MM, Nguyen C V, Ghergherehchi M, Feghhi SAH, New Journal Of Chemistry 45, 8291 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1039/D1NJ00344E
Abstract: Motivated by the successful preparation of MoSi2N4 monolayers in the last year [Y.-L. Hong et al., Science, 2020, 369, 670-674], we investigate the structural, electronic and optical properties of the MoS2/MoSi2N4 heterostructure (HTS). The phonon dispersion and the binding energy calculations refer to the stability of the HTS. The heterostructure has an indirect bandgap of 1.26 (1.84) eV using PBE (HSE06) which is smaller than the corresponding value of MoSi2N4 and MoS2 monolayers. We find that the work function of the MoS2/MoSi2N4 HTS is smaller than the corresponding value of its individual monolayers. The heterostructure structure can enhance the absorption of light spectra not only in the ultraviolet region but also in the visible region as compared to MoSi2N4 and MoS2 monolayers. The refractive index behaviour of the HTS can be described as the cumulative effect which is well described in terms of a combination of the individual effects (the refractive index of MoSi2N4 and MoS2 monolayers).
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
Impact Factor: 3.269
DOI: 10.1039/D1NJ00344E
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“Novel two-dimensional ZnO₂, CdO₂, and HgO₂, monolayers: a first-principles-based prediction”. Faraji M, Bafekry A, Gogova D, Hoat DM, Ghergherehchi M, Chuong NV, Feghhi SAH, New Journal Of Chemistry 45, 9368 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1039/D1NJ01610E
Abstract: In this paper, the existence of monolayers with the chemical formula XO2, where X = Zn, Cd, and Hg with hexagonal and tetragonal lattice structures is theoretically predicted by means of first principles calculations. Through cohesive energy calculation and phonon dispersion simulation, it has been proven that the two-dimensional XO2 monolayers proposed are energetically and dynamically stable suggesting their potential experimental realization. Our detailed study demonstrates that these novel newly predicted materials are half-metals and dilute magnetic semiconductors, and they exhibit magnetism in the ground state. The half-metallic character could find many applications in electronic and spintronic devices. Research into the magnetic properties revealed here can enrich theoretical knowledge in this area and provide more potential candidates for XO2 2D-based materials and van der Waals heterostructures.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
Impact Factor: 3.269
DOI: 10.1039/D1NJ01610E
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“Photoactive layers for photovoltaics based on near-infrared absorbing aryl-substituted naphthalocyanine complexes : preparation and investigation of properties”. Dubinina T, Maklakov S, Petrusevich E, Borisova NE, Trashin SA, De Wael K, Tomilova LG, New Journal Of Chemistry 45, 14815 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1039/D1NJ02793J
Abstract: Photoactive layers based on aryl- and aryloxy-substituted naphthalocyanines and conductive polymer poly[2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) were prepared using the spin-coating technique and their conductivity was tested in dark and under illumination. For this purpose novel octa-2-naphthoxy-substituted naphthalocyanines were synthesized starting from 6,7-di(2-naphthoxy)naphthalene-2,3-dicarbonitrile. For those novel naphthalocyanine complexes, spectral and electrochemical data were measured and compared with corresponding ones for other aryl-substituted analogues. In comparison to the previously studied naphthalocyanines with alkyl- and phenyl- groups, the formal oxidation and reduction potentials were rather similar. All target complexes demonstrate intense near-infrared absorption at 760-790 nm, which is about 30 nm bathochromically shifted in thin films. The photo-resistive effect was found increasing from composites comprised of naphthoxy- to phenyl-substituted naphthalocyanines. This peculiarity was explained by using optical and atomic force microscopy in terms of different sizes of aggregates formed. The photo-response time for novel composited was approximately 3 s, which is about 20 times faster than measured previously for the films deposited via the drop-casting technique.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Impact Factor: 3.269
DOI: 10.1039/D1NJ02793J
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“Martensitic and bainitic transformations in Ni-Al alloys”. Schryvers D, Journal de physique: 4 C2, 225 (1994)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
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“Nucleation and growth of the Ni5Al3 in NiAl austenite and martensite”. Schryvers D, Toth L, Ma Y, Tanner LE, Journal de physique: 4 C2, 299 (1994)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
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“Analysis of Malagasy medical herbs by X-ray fluorescence in total reflectivity”. Razafindramisa FL, Andriambololona R, Brunel M, Van Grieken RE, Journal de physique: 4 6, 833 (1996)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Les conclusions du programme européen Vidrio sur la protection des vitraux par verrière extérieure”. Pallot-Frossard I, Van Grieken R, Godoi R, Kontozova V, et al, Monumental: revue scientifique et technique , 113 (2007)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Trend analysis of the published concentrations of heavy metals in aerosols above the North Sea and the English Channel for the period 1971-1994”. Hoornaert S, Treiger B, Van Grieken R, Laane R, Environmental reviews 7, 191 (1999)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Calculation of the spectral line profile broadening parameter in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry”. Bencs L, Canadian Journal Of Analytical Sciences And Spectroscopy 53, 52 (2008)
Abstract: A polynomial approach is applied for a number of data from the Posener-tables to calculate the values of the intensity distribution function of atomic absorption lines – H(a, 0.726a) – at the tabulated damping-parameter values with an error not worse than 0.044 %. For the resultant H(a, 0.726a) data, the ninth and sixth order polynomials can be fitted according to the damping parameter range of 0-2, and 2-10, respectively, which results in a minimal error of approximation. The derived functions are simply applicable to the calculation of any H(a, 0.726a) value belonging to a damping-parameter of any arbitrarily selected spectral line, implying the influence of Doppler- and Lorentz-broadening. The overall error of the described method is lower than 0.4 %.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Comparison of hot-air and low-radiant pew heating systems on the distribution and transport of gaseous air pollutants in the mountain church of Rocca Pietore from artwork conservation points of view”. Bencs L, Spolnik Z, Limpens-Neilen D, Schellen HL, Jütte BAHG, Van Grieken R, Journal of cultural heritage 8, 264 (2007). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.CULHER.2007.05.001
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.CULHER.2007.05.001
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“Conservation of stained glass windows with protective glazing : main results from the European VIDRIO research programme”. Bernardi A, Becherini F, Verità, M, Godoi RHM, Kontozova-Deutsch V, Van Grieken R, et al, Journal of cultural heritage 14, 527 (2013). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.CULHER.2012.11.009
Abstract: The methodology of protecting the European stained glass windows against environmental risk (e.g. meteorological factors, air pollution, microorganisms) by means of an external glazing is not new. In spite of many scientific studies carried out in the last 20 years, some questions were still up for discussion. The European VIDRIO (20022005) project gave an answer to these questions. The research carried out by the different project partners established a new multidisciplinary approach aimed at evaluating the efficiency of the protective glazing systems and their effects on stained glass windows conservation, and finally at assessing the most appropriate strategy to preserve stained glass windows. Scientific results showed that the so-called isothermal glazing (i.e. ventilation by the air coming from the inside of the building) protected efficiently the ancient stained glass window from environmental attack (i.e. rain, pollutants, condensation, thermal shocks) with very limited secondary effects. The scientific research highlighted that its efficiency was strongly related to the technical design of the protective system. In particular, the ventilation and the size of the interspace had to be carefully considered. The research developed within the VIDRIO project was turned into general recommendations to the owners and practitioners on the best practice for the stained glass windows future conservation.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Art; History; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.CULHER.2012.11.009
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“Contact sponge method : performance of a promising tool for measuring the initial water absorption”. Vandevoorde D, Pamplona M, Schalm O, Vanhellemont Y, Cnudde V, Verhaeven E, Journal of cultural heritage 10, 41 (2009). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.CULHER.2008.10.002
Abstract: Porous limestone and mortar are able to absorb large quantities of water. This phenomenon will accelerate the deterioration of the material. In such cases, the material might be treated with a hydrophobic product, which creates a superficial layer that hampers the penetration of water. In order to decide if such a treatment should be applied or not, the water absorbing behaviour of the material should be measured. With the same measuring technique the efficiency of the hydrophobic barrier can be evaluated. Moreover, it allows the monitoring of such barriers as a function of time. At the same time, the water absorption of porous stone material is an indication of the degree of deterioration and its sensitivity to future deterioration. Up to now, two different measuring techniques exist, but one can only be used in laboratory and the other, which can be operated in laboratory as well as in situ, is not always reliable for in situ analyses. This article proposes an alternative method: the contact sponge method. This recently developed method was tested on non-treated porous stone materials in a laboratory environment in order to evaluate its performance in comparison with the two existing methods.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.CULHER.2008.10.002
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“Effects of IR heating on distribution and transport of gaseous air pollutants in urban and mountain churches in Poland”. Bencs L, Spolnik Z, Worobiec A, Samek L, Jutte BAHG, Van Grieken R, Journal of cultural heritage 36, 200 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.CULHER.2018.09.007
Abstract: The spatial distribution and temporal concentration variation of a set of gaseous air components (e.g., CO2, CO, H2CO, H2O) have been monitored with a multi-channel photoacoustic gas-analyzer in an urban church ( Saint Catherine's, Cracow) and a mountain church ( Saint Michaels Archangel, Szalowa) of Poland, in order to assess the likely effects of air pollution indoors under the influence of provisory electrical infrared (IR) heaters and without heating. Likewise, the ventilation characteristic and the leakage of these buildings with different constructions (i.e., plastered stone and wooden structures) with the assistance of decay curves of SF6 tracer gas was evaluated and compared. The wooden building in Szalowa, due to its more open structure, developed about one order higher ventilation rates (e.g., 0.9-1.3 h(-1)) than the stone church in Cracow (e.g., 0.1 h(-1)). The IR-heating affected only modestly the ventilation rate of the wooden church (e.g., 1.2-1.6 h(-1)), but it increased significantly that of the plastered stone church (e.g., 0.27 h(-1)). The ventilation rates were also assessed with the use of the CO2 curve decay method, and satisfactory agreement was found with those observed by the use of SF6 tracer. The spatial distribution of the studied gaseous pollutants (CO2, H2O) was found to be in some occasions nonhomogeneous in both buildings, due to the active usage of the IR-heating, especially, during a couple of consecutive liturgical services. Besides the pollution events due to ingress of gaseous air pollutants, present at enhanced levels outdoors, increased CO, CO2 and H2CO peaks were observed indoors too, which, in most cases, could be associated with incense burning. (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Art; History; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
DOI: 10.1016/J.CULHER.2018.09.007
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“Environmental conditions controlling the chemical weathering of the Madara Horseman monument, NE Bulgaria”. Delalieux F, Cardell C, Todorov V, Dekov V, Van Grieken R, Journal of cultural heritage 2, 43 (2001)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“The impact of electric overhead radiant heating on the indoor environment of historic churches”. Samek L, de Maeyer-Worobiec A, Spolnik Z, Bencs L, Kontozova V, Bratasz Ł, Kozłowski R, Van Grieken R, Journal of cultural heritage 8, 361 (2007). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.CULHER.2007.03.006
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
DOI: 10.1016/J.CULHER.2007.03.006
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“Indoor environment and conservation in the Royal Museum of Fine Arts, Antwerp, Belgium”. Gysels K, Delalieux F, Deutsch F, Van Grieken R, Camuffo D, Bernardi A, Sturaro G, Busse H-J, Wieser M, Journal of cultural heritage 5, 221 (2004). http://doi.org/10.1016/S1296-2074(04)00033-0
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S1296-2074(04)00033-0
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“Influence of different types of heating systems on particulate air pollutant deposition: the case of churches situated in a cold climate”. Spolnik Z, Worobiec A, Samek L, Bencs L, Belikov K, Van Grieken R, Journal of cultural heritage 8, 7 (2007). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.CULHER.2006.09.003
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
DOI: 10.1016/J.CULHER.2006.09.003
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“MA-XRF imaging as a tool to characterize the 16th century heraldic stained-glass panels in Ghent Saint Bavo Cathedral”. Legrand S, van der Snickt G, Cagno S, Caen J, Janssens K, Journal of cultural heritage 40, 163 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.CULHER.2019.06.003
Abstract: MA-XRF is a novel macroscopic imaging technique originally developed for easel paintings and recently made available to glass conservators. This paper discusses the first real-life contribution of MA-XRF imaging to a conservation intervention of stained-glass panels. The six panels under study belong to the cathedral building since their creation in 1555-1559 AD. MA-XRF appeared an outstanding tool for first-line screening of stained-glass windows, providing readily interpretable information on glass type, coloring and alteration processes. In particular, the chemical imaging technique allowed distinguishing unambiguously the surviving original glass panes from later additions, thereby ensuring a correct historical understanding. From a more practical point of view, the experiments supplied accurate schemes that can be directly incorporated in condition reports and assist designing the ensuing conservation approach. (C0 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Art; History; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
DOI: 10.1016/J.CULHER.2019.06.003
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“Transport and deposition of airborne pollutants in exhibition areas located in historical buildings: study in Wawel Castle Museum in Cracow, Poland”. Worobiec A, Samek J, Krata A, van Meel K, Krupińska B, Stefaniak EA, Karaszkiewicz P, Van Grieken R, Journal of cultural heritage 11, 354 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.CULHER.2009.11.009
Abstract: Historical buildings and castles that have been turned nowadays into museums, as an exhibition area for precious cultural heritage (CH) items, need more attention since they are CH objects by themselves. Moreover, the preservation techniques require often, significant interventions; however such changes are not always possible or are very limited. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of outdoor air pollution on the composition of particulate matter and gases inside the museum of Wawel Castle in Cracow, Poland. During this study a combination of micro and trace analysis techniques were applied, including energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). An intensive transport of air pollutants coupled with accumulation of the particles inside the museum was noticed (considerably higher in winter than summer). A high content of carbon and organic matter agglomerated with inorganic particles was determined. Those particles are of special concern because of their adhesive properties and reactivity. It was also noted that the conditions inside the museum favour the reaction of the particles with gaseous pollutants. It was especially the case for nitrate particles.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
DOI: 10.1016/J.CULHER.2009.11.009
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“Understanding air-tight case environments at the National Museum of the American Indian (Smithsonian Institution) by SPME-GC-MS analysis”. Alvarez-Martin A, McHugh K, Martin C, Kavich G, Kaczkowski R, Journal Of Cultural Heritage 44, 38 (2020). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.CULHER.2020.01.004
Abstract: Some volatile organic compounds (VOCs), generated and accumulated in exhibition cases, are capable of inducing degradation in historical artifacts. In this context, it is of special importance to distinguish between VOCs emitted by the construction materials and/or the historical objects, with the ultimate goal of proposing an appropriate mitigation strategy. To pursue this goal, a comprehensive analysis based on solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been optimized. The sampling setup used in this study does not require any modification of the exhibition design, and the testing remained nearly invisible and unobtrusive to museum visitors. This methodology has been applied to an issue encountered at the National Museum of the American Indian (Smithsonian Institution), where an unpleasant smell was detected in airtight exhibition cases already on display containing sensitive historical objects. The analysis of the volatiles emitted by construction materials allowed for identification of characteristic markers emitted by each material, and the ability to identify their overall contribution in the exhibition case. Via this method, SPME-GC-MS confirmed via the detection of some specific markers that the unpleasant smell was released by one of the construction materials and had accumulated in the exhibition case. In addition, due to the measurements taken in different positions around the exhibition cases, results were useful to point out the range of efficiency of the sorbent material placed in some of the exhibition cases as a first attempt of mitigation technique. (C) 2020 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Art; History; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Impact Factor: 3.1
DOI: 10.1016/J.CULHER.2020.01.004
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“All that glitters is not gold : unraveling the material secrets behind the preservation of historical brass”. Marchetti A, Beltran V, Storme P, Nuyts G, Van Der Meeren L, Skirtach A, Otten E, Debulpaep M, Watteeuw L, De Wael K, Journal of cultural heritage 63, 179 (2023). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.CULHER.2023.07.018
Abstract: Brass is a relatively stable alloy but it tends to tarnish over time due to the interaction with the atmosphere. Thus, it is rare to observe centuries-old brass objects untouched by the passing of time. For this reason, the pristine appearance of hundreds of brass sequins in the Enclosed Gardens of Mechelen (reliquary altarpieces produced between 1530 and 1550) is remarkable. In this study, the chemical and metallographic characterization of such unexpectedly well-preserved objects is presented. The results revealed the reason for their stability to be a combination of high-quality materials (i.e. medium Zn content, low impurities) and optimal surface properties (i.e. high homogeneity, low roughness), indicating the high level of expertise of the craftsmen who produced them. Novel fundamental insights on the historical manufacturing method of metallic sequins were also obtained.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Art; History; Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES); Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab)
Impact Factor: 3.1
DOI: 10.1016/J.CULHER.2023.07.018
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“Black titania by sonochemistry : a critical evaluation of existing methods”. Raes A, Ninakanti R, Van den Bergh L, Borah R, Van Doorslaer S, Verbruggen SW, Ultrasonics sonochemistry 100, 106601 (2023). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.ULTSONCH.2023.106601
Abstract: In the field of photocatalysis, the fabrication of black titania is a booming topic, as it offers a system with improved solar light harvesting properties and increased overall efficiency. The darkening of white TiO2 powders can be ascribed to surface hydroxylation, oxygen vacancies, Ti3+ centres, or a combination thereof. A handful of studies suggests these defects can be conveniently introduced by acoustic cavitation, generated during sonochemical treatment of pristine TiO2 powders. In reproducing these studies, P25 TiO2 samples were ultrasonicated for various hours with a power density of 8000 W/L, resulting in powders that indeed became gradually darker with increasing sonication time. However, HAADF–STEM revealed that extensive erosion of the sonotrode tip took place and contaminated the samples, which appeared to be the primary reason for the observed colour change. This was confirmed by UV–Vis DRS and DRIFTS, that showed no significant alteration of the catalyst surface after sonication. EPR measurements showed that only an insignificant fraction of Ti3+ centres were produced, far less than in a TiO2 sample that was chemically reduced with NaBH4. No evidence of the presence oxygen vacancies could be found. The enhanced photocatalytic activities of ultrasonicated materials reported in literature can therefore not be ascribed to the synthesis of actual black (defected) TiO2, but rather to specific changes in morphology as a result of acoustic cavitation. Also, this study underlines the importance of considering probe erosion in sonochemical catalyst synthesis, which is an unavoidable side effect that can have an important impact on the catalyst appearance, properties and performance.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Theory and Spectroscopy of Molecules and Materials (TSM²); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA)
Impact Factor: 8.4
DOI: 10.1016/J.ULTSONCH.2023.106601
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“Modeling the charge deposition in quartz grains during natural irradiation and its influence on the optically stimulated luminescence signal”. Baly L, Quesada I, Murray AS, Martin G, van Espen P, Arteche R, Jain M, Radiation Measurements 142, 106564 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.RADMEAS.2021.106564
Abstract: The rate of charge deposition in quartz grains irradiated in natural conditions is computed by radiation transport modeling. Quartz luminescence models are modified with the addition of the resulting charge deposition term, and the influence of this process on the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) signal is analyzed. The results indicate that the charge deposition occurring in the quartz grain during the time of residence within rock could lead to the depletion of trapped holes in the recombination centres. For the two different quartz models investigated here, complete depletion is expected to occur for rock ages between 500 Ma and 1100 Ma. It is predicted that for sedimentary quartz derived from such rocks, the OSL signal is dominated by the slow component. It was also found that the shape and saturation level of the natural sensitivity-corrected dose response curve (DRC) of quartz is affected by the charge deposition; specifically, a linear reduction of the saturation level with the age of the rock is observed.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Impact Factor: 1.442
DOI: 10.1016/J.RADMEAS.2021.106564
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“Associations between ambient, personal, and indoor exposure to fine particulate matter constituents in Dutch and Finnish panels of cardiovascular patients”. Janssen NAH, Lanki T, Hoek G, Vallius M, de Hartog JJ, Van Grieken R, Pekkanen J, Brunekreef B, Occupational and environmental medicine 62, 868 (2005). http://doi.org/10.1136/OEM.2004.016618
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1136/OEM.2004.016618
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“Combining multi-receiver electromagnetic induction and stepped frequency ground penetrating radar for industrial site investigation”. Van De Vijver E, Van Meirvenne M, Saey T, Delefortrie S, De Smedt P, De Pue J, Seuntjens P, European journal of soil science 66, 688 (2015). http://doi.org/10.1111/EJSS.12229
Abstract: The soil at industrial sites is frequently characterized by very heterogeneous properties, which are often related to physical disturbance and contamination. A conventional approach to characterize the soil, with only a limited number of invasive observations, fails to capture the full extent of soil heterogeneity. Proximal soil sensing provides efficient tools to record spatially dense soil information. Nevertheless, because the output of most sensors is affected by more than one soil property, the simultaneous characterization of different soil properties requires the use of multiple sensors. Here, we apply multi-receiver electromagnetic induction (EMI) and stepped frequency ground penetrating radar (GPR) to survey a former gasworks site in a seaport area of Belgium. We used the EMI and GPR sensors in a motorized system to obtain densely sampled measurements of apparent electrical conductivity, apparent magnetic susceptibility and contrasts in relative dielectric permittivity. Our study shows that the sensors give detailed information on the variation in these electromagnetic soil properties. Interpretation of the variation in terms of the stratification of the soil was hampered by localized anthropogenic disturbances. However, the sensors provided complementary information that enabled the identification, discrimination and accurate location of several of these localized disturbances, including underground utility services such as electric cables, buried structures such as the remains of foundations and contamination by salts. Because these represent typical targets in industrial site investigation, we conclude that multi-receiver EMI and stepped frequency GPR provide a useful set of tools to expedite the investigation of industrial sites.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1111/EJSS.12229
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“Airborne bacteria in the atmosphere : presence, purpose, and potential”. Smets W, Moretti S, Denys S, Lebeer S, Atmospheric environment : an international journal 139, 214 (2016). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2016.05.038
Abstract: Numerous recent studies have highlighted that the types of bacteria present in the atmosphere often show predictable patterns across space and time. These patterns can be driven by differences in bacterial sources of the atmosphere and a wide range of environmental factors, including UV intensity, precipitation events, and humidity. The abundance of certain bacterial taxa is of interest, not only for their ability to mediate a range of chemical and physical processes in the atmosphere, such as cloud formation and ice nucleation, but also for their implications -both beneficial and detrimental-for human health. Consequently, the widespread importance of airborne bacteria has stimulated the search for their applicability. Improving air quality, modelling the dispersal of airborne bacteria (e.g. pathogens) and biotechnological purposes are already being explored. Nevertheless, many technological challenges still need to be overcome to fully understand the roles of airborne bacteria in our health and global ecosystems.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2016.05.038
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“Analytical study of the deterioration of sandstone, marble and granite”. Sweevers H, Van Grieken R, Atmospheric environment : an international journal 26b, 159 (1992). http://doi.org/10.1016/0957-1272(92)90019-O
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0957-1272(92)90019-O
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“Application of improved CFD modeling for prediction and mitigation of traffic-related air pollution hotspots in a realistic urban street”. Lauriks T, Longo R, Baetens D, Derudi M, Parente A, Bellemans A, van Beeck J, Denys S, Atmospheric Environment 246, 118127 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2020.118127
Abstract: The correct prediction of air pollutants dispersed in urban areas is of paramount importance to safety, public health and a sustainable environment. Vehicular traffic is one of the main sources of nitrogen oxides (NO ) and particulate matter (PM), strongly related to human morbidity and mortality. In this study, the pollutant level and distribution in a section of one of the main road arteries of Antwerp (Belgium, Europe) are analyzed. The assessment is performed through computational fluid dynamics (CFD), acknowledged as a powerful tool to predict and study dispersion phenomena in complex atmospheric environments. The two main traffic lanes are modeled as emitting sources and the surrounding area is explicitly depicted. A Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) approach specific for Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) simulations is employed. After a validation on a wind tunnel urban canyon test case, the dispersion within the canopy of two relevant urban pollutants, nitrogen dioxide (NO) and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 10 m (PM10), is studied. An experimental field campaign led to the availability of wind velocity and direction data, as well as PM10 concentrations in some key locations within the urban canyon. To accurately predict the concentration field, a relevant dispersion parameter, the turbulent Schmidt number, , is prescribed as a locally variable quantity. The pollutant distributions in the area of interest – exhibiting strong heterogeneity – are finally demonstrated, considering one of the most frequent and concerning wind directions. Possible local remedial measures are conceptualized, investigated and implemented and their outcomes are directly compared. A major goal is, by realistically reproducing the district of interest, to identify the locations inside this intricate urban canyon where the pollutants are stagnating and to analyze which solution acts as best mitigation measure. It is demonstrated that removal by electrostatic precipitation (ESP), an active measure, and by enhancing the dilution process through wind catchers, a passive measure, are effective for local pollutant removal in a realistic urban canyon. It is also demonstrated that the applied ABL methodology resolves some well known problems in ABL dispersion modeling.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
Impact Factor: 3.629
DOI: 10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2020.118127
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“Atmospheric BTEX-concentrations in an area with intensive street traffic”. Buczyńska AJ, Krata A, Stranger M, Godoi AFL, Kontozova-Deutsch V, Bencs L, Naveau I, Roekens E, Van Grieken R, Atmospheric environment : an international journal 43, 311 (2009). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2008.09.071
Abstract: The major threat to clean air in developed and industrializing countries is now posed by traffic emissions. The effects of traffic road modifications on the air quality are, however, rarely reported in the literature. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of the modernization and renovation of a traffic artery in the region of Mortsel (Antwerp, Belgium) on the concentration of volatile organic compounds such as: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and m-, p-, o-xylenes (BTEX). The original goal of the reconstruction works was to reduce the traffic lanes of one of the busiest streets in Antwerp, in order to discourage the road traffic and in consequence also to improve the air quality in this region. The average concentrations of BTEX before these works in 2003 were: 1.6, 7.0, 0.9, 2.3, and 0.9 ìg/m3, for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m + p xylenes, and o-xylene, respectively. However, after the completion of the works, in 2005, they were slightly higher: 2.5, 9.5, 1.6, 3.4, and 1.3 ìg/m3, respectively. The scatter plots of benzene against toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes in 2003 and 2005 showed very good correlations. This fact indicated that all of the measured compounds originated from the same source, namely the road traffic. Moreover, the data obtained from an air-monitoring station at less than 6 km distance from the sampling site (operated by the Flemish Environment Agency, and located in Borgerhout, Antwerp), confirmed the lack of influence of background concentrations of BTEX. The obtained results led to the conclusion that the reduction of the number of traffic lanes had apparently increased the traffic jams and also increased the emission from cars. Therefore, these modernization works had even a negative impact on the local concentration of traffic-related pollutants as BTEX.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2008.09.071
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