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Author |
Zhou, C.; Ji, G.; Chen, Z.; Wang, M.; Addad, A.; Schryvers, D.; Wang, H. |
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Title |
Fabrication, interface characterization and modeling of oriented graphite flakes/Si/Al composites for thermal management applications |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Materials and design |
Abbreviated Journal |
Mater Design |
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Volume |
63 |
Issue |
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Pages |
719-728 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Highly thermally conductive graphite flakes (Gf)/Si/Al composites have been fabricated using Gf, Si powder and an AlSi7Mg0.3 alloy by an optimized pressure infiltration process for thermal management applications. In the composites, the layers of Gf were spaced apart by Si particles and oriented perpendicular to the pressing direction, which offered the opportunity to tailor the thermal conductivity (TC) and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the composites. Microstructural characterization revealed that the formation of a clean and tightly-adhered interface at the nanoscale between the side surface of the Gf and Al matrix, devoid of a detrimental Al4C3 phase and a reacted amorphous AlSiOC layer, contributed to excellent thermal performance along the alignment direction. With increasing volume fraction of Gf from 13.7 to 71.1 vol.%, the longitudinal (i.e. parallel to the graphite layers) TC of the composites increased from 179 to 526 W/m K, while the longitudinal CTE decreased from 12.1 to 7.3 ppm/K (matching the values of electronic components). Furthermore, the modified layers-in-parallel model better fitted the longitudinal TC data than the layers-in-parallel model and confirmed that the clean and tightly-adhered interface is favorable for the enhanced longitudinal TC. |
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Place of Publication |
Reigate |
Editor |
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Wos |
000340949300086 |
Publication Date |
2014-07-17 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0261-3069; |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
61 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:118124 |
Serial |
1166 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Borovinskaya, O.; Aghaei, M.; Flamigni, L.; Hattendorf, B.; Tanner, M.; Bogaerts, A.; Günther, D. |
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Title |
Diffusion- and velocity-driven spatial separation of analytes from single droplets entering an ICP off-axis |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Anal Atom Spectrom |
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Volume |
29 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
262-271 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Abstract |
The reproducible temporal separation of ion signals generated from a single multi-element droplet, observed in previous studies, was investigated in detail in this work using an ICPTOFMS with high temporal resolution. It was shown that the signal peak intensities of individual elements temporally shift relative to each other only for droplets moving through the plasma off-axis. The magnitude of these shifts correlated with the vaporization temperatures of the analytes and depended on the radial position of the droplets as well as on the thermal properties and velocity profiles of the carrier gases of the ICP. The occurrence of the signal shifting was explained by a spatial separation of analytes already present in the vapor phase in the ICP from a yet unvaporized residue of the droplet. This separation is most likely driven by anisotropic diffusion of vaporized analytes towards the plasma axis and a radial velocity gradient. The proposed explanation is supported by modeling of the gas velocities inside the ICP and imaging of the atomic and ionic emissions produced from single droplets, whose patterns were sloping towards the center of the torch. The effects observed in these studies are important not only for the fundamental understanding of analyteplasma interactions but have also a direct impact on the signal intensities and stability. |
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Corporate Author |
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Place of Publication |
London |
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Wos |
000329934000006 |
Publication Date |
2013-11-02 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0267-9477;1364-5544; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.379 |
Times cited |
18 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.379; 2014 IF: 3.466 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:112897 |
Serial |
697 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Aghaei, M.; Flamigni, L.; Lindner, H.; Günther, D.; Bogaerts, A. |
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Title |
Occurrence of gas flow rotational motion inside the ICP torch : a computational and experimental study |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Anal Atom Spectrom |
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Volume |
29 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
249-261 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Abstract |
An inductively coupled plasma, connected to the sampling cone of a mass spectrometer, is computationally investigated. The occurrence of rotational motion of the auxiliary and carrier gas flows is studied. The effects of operating parameters, i.e., applied power and gas flow rates, as well as geometrical parameters, i.e., sampler orifice diameter and injector inlet diameter, are investigated. Our calculations predict that at higher applied power the auxiliary and carrier gas flows inside the torch move more forward to the sampling cone, which is validated experimentally for the auxiliary gas flow, by means of an Elan 6000 ICP-MS. Furthermore, an increase of the gas flow rates can also modify the occurrence of rotational motion. This is especially true for the carrier gas flow rate, which has a more pronounced effect to reduce the backward motion than the flow rates of the auxiliary and cooling gas. Moreover, a larger sampler orifice (e.g., 2 mm instead of 1 mm) reduces the backward flow of the auxiliary gas path lines. Finally, according to our model, an injector inlet of 2 mm diameter causes more rotations in the carrier gas flow than an injector inlet diameter of 1.5 mm, which can be avoided again by changing the operating parameters. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
London |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000329934000005 |
Publication Date |
2013-11-14 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0267-9477;1364-5544; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.379 |
Times cited |
21 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.379; 2014 IF: 3.466 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:112896 |
Serial |
2427 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Adam, N.; Leroux, F.; Knapen, D.; Bals, S.; Blust, R. |
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Title |
The uptake of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles in the water-flea Daphnia magna under acute exposure scenarios |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Environmental pollution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environ Pollut |
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Volume |
194 |
Issue |
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Pages |
130-137 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Veterinary physiology and biochemistry |
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Abstract |
In this study the uptake of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles by Daphnia magna was tested. Daphnids were exposed during 48 h to acute concentrations of the nanoparticles and corresponding metal salts. The Daphnia zinc and copper concentration was measured and the nanoparticles were localized using electron microscopy. The aggregation and dissolution in the medium was characterized. A fast dissolution of ZnO in the medium was observed, while most CuO formed large aggregates and only a small fraction dissolved. The Daphnia zinc concentration was comparable for the nanoparticles and salts. Contrarily, a much higher Daphnia copper concentration was observed in the CuO exposure, compared to the copper salt. CuO nanoparticles adsorbed onto the carapace and occurred in the gut but did not internalize in the tissues. The combined dissolution and uptake results indicate that the toxicity of both nanoparticle types was caused by metal ions dissolved from the particles in the medium. |
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Place of Publication |
London |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000342530800016 |
Publication Date |
2014-08-07 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0269-7491; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
5.099 |
Times cited |
45 |
Open Access |
Not_Open_Access |
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Notes |
; We would like to thank Valentine Mubiana and Steven Joosen (Sphere, UA) for performing the ICP-OES and ICP-MS measurements and Prof. Dr. Gustaaf Van Tendeloo for making the collaboration between the EMAT and Sphere group possible. Additional thanks go to the European Commission for funding this work through the project ENNSATOX (NMP4-SL-2009-229244). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 5.099; 2014 IF: 4.143 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:118326 |
Serial |
3823 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
da Silva, A.L.C.; Candido, L.; Teixeira Rabelo, J.N.; Hai, G.-Q.; Peeters, F.M. |
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Title |
Anharmonic effects on thermodynamic properties of a graphene monolayer |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Europhysics letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Epl-Europhys Lett |
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Volume |
107 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
56004 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT) |
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Abstract |
We extend the unsymmetrized self-consistent-field method (USF) for anharmonic crystals to layered non-Bravais crystals to investigate structural, dynamical and thermodynamic properties of a free-standing graphene monolayer. In this theory, the main anharmonicity of the crystal lattice has been included and the quantum corrections are taken into account in an h-expansion for the one-particle density matrix. The obtained result for the thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) of graphene shows a strong temperature dependence and agrees with experimental results by Bao et al. (Nat. Nanotechnol., 4 (2009) 562). The obtained value of TEC at room temperature (300 K) is -6.4 x 10(- 6) K- 1 and it becomes positive for T > T-alpha = 358K. We find that quantum effects are significant for T < 1000 K. The interatomic distance, effective amplitudes of the graphene lattice vibrations, adiabatic and isothermal bulk moduli, isobaric and isochoric heat capacities are also calculated and their temperature dependences are determined. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2014 |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Paris |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000341559900020 |
Publication Date |
2014-09-05 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0295-5075;1286-4854; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
1.957 |
Times cited |
23 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; This research was supported by the Brazilian agencies CNPq, FAPEG and FAPESP, the Flemish Science Foundation (FWO-Vl) and the Methusalem Foundation of the Flemish Government. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 1.957; 2014 IF: 2.095 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:119289 |
Serial |
118 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Samal, D.; Tan, H.; Takamura, Y.; Siemons, W.; Verbeeck, J.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Arenholz, E.; Jenkins, C.A.; Rijnders, G.; Koster, G. |
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Title |
Direct structural and spectroscopic investigation of ultrathin films of tetragonal CuO: Six-fold coordinated copper |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Europhysics letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Epl-Europhys Lett |
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Volume |
105 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
17003-17005 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Unlike other 3d transition metal monoxides (MnO, FeO, CoO, and NiO), CuO is found in a low-symmetry distorted monoclinic structure rather than the rocksalt structure. We report here of the growth of ultrathin CuO films on SrTiO3 substrates; scanning transmission electron microscopy was used to show the stabilization of a tetragonal rocksalt structure with an elongated c-axis such that c/a similar to 1.34 and the Cu-O-Cu bond angle similar to 180 degrees, pointing to metastable six-fold coordinated Cu. X-ray absorption spectroscopy demonstrates that the hole at the Cu site for the CuO is localized in 3d(x2-y2) orbital unlike the well-studied monoclinic CuO phase. The experimental confirmation of the tetragonal structure of CuO opens up new avenues to explore electronic and magnetic properties of six-fold coordinated Cu. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2014 |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Paris |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000331197100015 |
Publication Date |
2014-01-30 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0295-5075;1286-4854; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
1.957 |
Times cited |
15 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
This work was carried out with financial support from the AFOSR and EOARD projects (project No.: FA8655-10-1-3077) and also supported by funding from the European Research Council under the 7th Framework Program (FP7), ERC grant No. 246791 – COUNTATOMS, ERC Starting Grant 278510 VORTEX, Grant No. NMP3-LA-2010-246102 IFOX and an Integrated Infrastructure Initiative, reference No. 312483-ESTEEM2. The Qu-Ant-EM microscope was partly funded by the Hercules fund from the Flemish Government. Advanced Light Source is supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. YT acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation (DMR-0747896). WS was supported by the US DOE, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. ECASJO_; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 1.957; 2014 IF: 2.095 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:115806UA @ admin @ c:irua:115806 |
Serial |
722 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Zha, G.-Q.; Peeters, F.M.; Zhou, S.-P. |
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Title |
Vortex-antivortex dynamics in mesoscopic symmetric and asymmetric superconducting loops with an applied ac current |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Europhysics letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Epl-Europhys Lett |
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Volume |
108 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
57001 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT) |
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Abstract |
In the framework of the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau formalism, we study the dynamics of vortex-antivortex (V-Av) pairs in mesoscopic symmetric and asymmetric superconducting loops under an applied ac current. In contrast to the case of a constant biasing dc current, the process of the V-Av collision and annihilation is strongly affected by the time-periodic ac signal. As the direction of the applied ac current is reversed, the existed V-Av pair moves backward and then collides with a new created Av-V pair in a symmetric loop. In the presence of an appropriate external magnetic field, a novel sinusoidal-like oscillatory mode of the magnetization curve is observed, and the periodic dynamical process of the V-Av annihilation occurs in both branches of the sample. Moreover, for the asymmetric sample with an off-centered hole the creation point of the V-Av pair shifts away from the center of the sample, and the creation and annihilation dynamics of V-Av pairs turns out to be very different from the symmetric case. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2014 |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Paris |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000346792400027 |
Publication Date |
2014-11-28 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0295-5075;1286-4854; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
1.957 |
Times cited |
4 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; We are grateful to GOLIBJON BERDIYOROV for useful discussions. This work was supported by NSF China under Grant Nos. 61371020 and 61271163, by Visiting Scholar Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, by Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission under Grant No. 13YZ006, and by Flemish Science Foundation (FWO-Vl). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 1.957; 2014 IF: 2.095 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:122800 |
Serial |
3851 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Vanschoenwinkel, J.; Lizin, S.; Swinnen, G.; Azadi, H.; Van Passel, S. |
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Title |
Solar cooking in Senegalese villages : an application of best-worst scaling |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Energy Policy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Energ Policy |
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Volume |
67 |
Issue |
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Pages |
447-458 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sociology; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM) |
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Abstract |
Dissemination programs of nontraditional cookstoves often fail. Nontraditional cookstoves aim to solve problems associated with biomass fuel usage in developing countries. Recent studies do not explain what drives user's cookstove choice. This study therefore builds a holistic framework that centralizes product-specific preferences or needs. The case study identifies product-specific factors that influence rural Senegalese inhabitants to switch to solar cooking, using best worst scaling. Looking at the preferences, the case study classified 126 respondents, in three distinct market segments with different solar cooking expectations. The paper identifies socio-demographic characteristics that explain these differences in the respondents' preferences. Finally, the respondent sample is divided in two groups: solar cooker owners and non-owners. When studied with regard to the same issue, solar cooker owners appear to value benefits of the solar cooker lower than non-owners. This is due to program factors (such as formations, after-sales network) and miscommunication (such as a wrong image of the solar cooker) that highly influenced the respondents' cookstove choice. As a conclusion, solar cookers and solar cooking programs are not always adapted to the needs and requirements of the end-users. Needs-oriented and end-user adopted strategies are necessary in order to successfully implement nontraditional cookstoves programs. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
000332815300043 |
Publication Date |
2014-01-08 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0301-4215; 1873-6777 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
4.14 |
Times cited |
10 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The authors thank the VLIR-UOS for their financial support and the Sol Suffit Program for their co-operation during the research. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.14; 2014 IF: 2.575 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:127544 |
Serial |
6251 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Velimirovic, M.; Carniato, L.; Simons, Q.; Schoups, G.; Seuntjens, P.; Bastiaens, L. |
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Title |
Corrosion rate estimations of microscale zerovalent iron particles via direct hydrogen production measurements |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Journal of hazardous materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
270 |
Issue |
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Pages |
18-26 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
In this study, the aging behavior of microscale zerovalent iron (mZVI) particles was investigated by quantifying the hydrogen gas generated by anaerobic mZVI corrosion in batch degradation experiments. Granular iron and nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) particles were included in this study as controls. Firstly, experiments in liquid medium (without aquifer material) were performed and revealed that mZV1 particles have approximately a 10-30 times lower corrosion rate than nZVI particles. A good correlation was found between surface area normalized corrosion rate (R-SA) and reaction rate constants (K-SA) of PCE, TCE, cDCE and 1,1,1-TCA. Generally, particles with higher degradation rates also have faster corrosion rates, but exceptions do exists. In a second phase, the hydrogen evolution was also monitored during batch tests in the presence of aquifer material and real groundwater. A 4-9 times higher corrosion rate of mZV1 particles was observed under the natural environment in comparison with the aquifer free artificial condition, which can be attributed to the low pH of the aquifer and its buffer capacity. A corrosion model was calibrated on the batch experiments to take into account the inhibitory effects of the corrosion products (dissolved iron, hydrogen and OH-) on the iron corrosion rate. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
000335109200003 |
Publication Date |
2014-02-01 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0304-3894 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:117179 |
Serial |
7738 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Egoavil, R.; Gauquelin, N.; Martinez, G.T.; Van Aert, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Verbeeck, J. |
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Title |
Atomic resolution mapping of phonon excitations in STEM-EELS experiments |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Ultramicroscopy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ultramicroscopy |
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Volume |
147 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1-7 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Atomically resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy experiments are commonplace in modern aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopes. Energy resolution has also been increasing steadily with the continuous improvement of electron monochromators. Electronic excitations however are known to be delocalized due to the long range interaction of the charged accelerated electrons with the electrons in a sample. This has made several scientists question the value of combined high spatial and energy resolution for mapping interband transitions and possibly phonon excitation in crystals. In this paper we demonstrate experimentally that atomic resolution information is indeed available at very low energy losses around 100 meV expressed as a modulation of the broadening of the zero loss peak. Careful data analysis allows us to get a glimpse of what are likely phonon excitations with both an energy loss and gain part. These experiments confirm recent theoretical predictions on the strong localization of phonon excitations as opposed to electronic excitations and show that a combination of atomic resolution and recent developments in increased energy resolution will offer great benefit for mapping phonon modes in real space. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Amsterdam |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000343157400001 |
Publication Date |
2014-05-29 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0304-3991; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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|
Impact Factor |
2.843 |
Times cited |
22 |
Open Access |
|
|
|
Notes |
246102 IFOX; 278510 VORTEX; 246791 COUNTATOMS; Hercules; 312483 ESTEEM2; esteem2jra3 ECASJO; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.843; 2014 IF: 2.436 |
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|
Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:118332UA @ admin @ c:irua:118332 |
Serial |
177 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Niermann, T.; Verbeeck, J.; Lehmann, M. |
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Title |
Creating arrays of electron vortices |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Ultramicroscopy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ultramicroscopy |
|
|
Volume |
136 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
165-170 |
|
|
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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|
Abstract |
We demonstrate the production of an ordered array of electron vortices making use of an electron optical setup consisting of two electrostatic biprisms. The biprism filaments are oriented nearly orthogonal with respect to each other in a transmission electron microscope. Matching the position of the filaments, we can choose to form different topological features in the electron wave. We outline the working principle of the setup and demonstrate fist experimental results. This setup partially bridges the gap between angular momentum carried by electron spin, which is intrinsic and therefore present in any position of the wave, and angular momentum carried by the vortex character of the wave, which can be extrinsic depending on the axis around which it is measured. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Amsterdam |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000327884700021 |
Publication Date |
2013-10-15 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0304-3991; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
2.843 |
Times cited |
9 |
Open Access |
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|
|
Notes |
FP7; Countatoms; Vortex ECASJO_; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.843; 2014 IF: 2.436 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:112837UA @ admin @ c:irua:112837 |
Serial |
538 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Lubk, A.; Javon, E.; Cherkashin, N.; Reboh, S.; Gatel, C.; Hytch, M. |
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Title |
Dynamic scattering theory for dark-field electron holography of 3D strain fields |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Ultramicroscopy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ultramicroscopy |
|
|
Volume |
136 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
42-49 |
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|
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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|
Abstract |
Dark-held electron holography maps strain in crystal lattices into reconstructed phases over large fields of view. Here we investigate the details of the lattice strain-reconstructed phase relationship by applying dynamic scattering theory both analytically and numerically. We develop efficient analytic linear projection rules for 3D strain fields, facilitating a straight-forward calculation of reconstructed phases from 3D strained materials. They are used in the following to quantify the influence of various experimental parameters like strain magnitude, specimen thickness, excitation error and surface relaxation. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Amsterdam |
Editor |
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Language |
|
Wos |
000327884700006 |
Publication Date |
2013-07-29 |
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Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0304-3991; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
2.843 |
Times cited |
18 |
Open Access |
|
|
|
Notes |
European Union under the Seventh Framework Program under a contract for an Integrated Infrastructure Initiative (Reference312483 – ESTEEM2); esteem2_jra4 |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.843; 2014 IF: 2.436 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:112836 |
Serial |
766 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Javon, E.; Lubk; Cours, R.; Reboh, S.; Cherkashin, N.; Houdellier, F.; Gatel, C.; Hytch, M.J. |
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Title |
Dynamical effects in strain measurements by dark-field electron holography |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Ultramicroscopy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ultramicroscopy |
|
|
Volume |
147 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
70-85 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Here, we study the effect of dynamic scattering on the projected geometric phase and strain maps reconstructed using dark-field electron holography (DFEH) for non-uniformly strained crystals. The investigated structure consists of a {SiGe/Si} superlattice grown on a (001)-Si substrate. The three dimensional strain held within the thin TEM lamella is modelled by the finite element method. The observed projected strain is simulated in two ways by multiplying the strain at each depth in the crystal by a weighting function determined from a recently developed analytical two-beam dynamical theory, and by simply taking the average value. We demonstrate that the experimental results need to be understood in terms of the dynamical theory and good agreement is found between the experimental and simulated results. Discrepancies do remain for certain cases and are likely to be from an imprecision in the actual two-beam diffraction conditions, notably the deviation parameter, and points to limitations in the 2-beam approximation. Finally, a route towards a 3D reconstruction of strain fields is proposed. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Amsterdam |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000343157400009 |
Publication Date |
2014-07-02 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0304-3991; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
2.843 |
Times cited |
10 |
Open Access |
|
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|
Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.843; 2014 IF: 2.436 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:121108 |
Serial |
769 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Schattschneider, P.; Löffler, S.; Stöger-Pollach, M.; Verbeeck, J. |
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Title |
Is magnetic chiral dichroism feasible with electron vortices? |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Ultramicroscopy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ultramicroscopy |
|
|
Volume |
136 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
81-85 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
We discuss the feasibility of detecting magnetic transitions with focused electron vortex probes, suggested by selection rules for the magnetic quantum number. We theoretically estimate the dichroic signal strength in the L2,3 edge of ferromagnetic d metals. It is shown that under realistic conditions, the dichroic signal is undetectable for nanoparticles larger than View the MathML source. This is confirmed by a key experiment with nanometer-sized vortices. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Amsterdam |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000327884700011 |
Publication Date |
2013-07-26 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
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|
ISSN |
0304-3991; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
2.843 |
Times cited |
64 |
Open Access |
|
|
|
Notes |
Countatoms; Vortex; Esteem2; esteem2jra3 ECASJO; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.843; 2014 IF: 2.436 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:110952UA @ admin @ c:irua:110952 |
Serial |
1750 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Van den Broek, W.; Rosenauer, A.; Van Aert, S.; Sijbers, J.; van Dyck, D. |
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Title |
A memory efficient method for fully three-dimensional object reconstruction with HAADF STEM |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Ultramicroscopy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ultramicroscopy |
|
|
Volume |
141 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
22-31 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab |
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Abstract |
The conventional approach to object reconstruction through electron tomography is to reduce the three-dimensional problem to a series of independent two-dimensional slice-by-slice reconstructions. However, at atomic resolution the image of a single atom extends over many such slices and incorporating this image as prior knowledge in tomography or depth sectioning therefore requires a fully three-dimensional treatment. Unfortunately, the size of the three-dimensional projection operator scales highly unfavorably with object size and readily exceeds the available computer memory. In this paper, it is shown that for incoherent image formation the memory requirement can be reduced to the fundamental lower limit of the object size, both for tomography and depth sectioning. Furthermore, it is shown through multislice calculations that high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy can be sufficiently incoherent for the reconstruction of single element nanocrystals, but that dynamical diffraction effects can cause classification problems if more than one element is present. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Amsterdam |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000335766600004 |
Publication Date |
2014-03-22 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0304-3991; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
2.843 |
Times cited |
6 |
Open Access |
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|
Notes |
ResearchFoundationFlanders(FWO;G.0393.11; G.0064.10;andG.0374.13); European Union Seventh Frame- workProgramme [FP7/2007-2013]under Grant agreement no. 312483 (ESTEEM2).; esteem2jra2; esteem2jra4 |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.843; 2014 IF: 2.436 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:117650 |
Serial |
1992 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Chen, D.; Goris, B.; Bleichrodt, F.; Heidari Mezerji, H.; Bals, S.; Batenburg, K.J.; de With, G.; Friedrich, H. |
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Title |
The properties of SIRT, TVM, and DART for 3D imaging of tubular domains in nanocomposite thin-films and sections |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Ultramicroscopy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ultramicroscopy |
|
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Volume |
147 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
137-148 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
In electron tomography, the fidelity of the 3D reconstruction strongly depends on the employed reconstruction algorithm. In this paper, the properties of SIRT, TVM and DART reconstructions are studied with respect to having only a limited number of electrons available for imaging and applying different angular sampling schemes. A well-defined realistic model is generated, which consists of tubular domains within a matrix having slab-geometry. Subsequently, the electron tomography workflow is simulated from calculated tilt-series over experimental effects to reconstruction. In comparison with the model, the fidelity of each reconstruction method is evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively based on global and local edge profiles and resolvable distance between particles. Results show that the performance of all reconstruction methods declines with the total electron dose. Overall, SIRT algorithm is the most stable method and insensitive to changes in angular sampling. TVM algorithm yields significantly sharper edges in the reconstruction, but the edge positions are strongly influenced by the tilt scheme and the tubular objects become thinned. The DART algorithm markedly suppresses the elongation artifacts along the beam direction and moreover segments the reconstruction which can be considered a significant advantage for quantification. Finally, no advantage of TVM and DART to deal better with fewer projections was observed. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Amsterdam |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000343157400015 |
Publication Date |
2014-08-19 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
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|
ISSN |
0304-3991; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
2.843 |
Times cited |
42 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
|
|
Notes |
Fwo |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.843; 2014 IF: 2.436 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:119073 |
Serial |
2729 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Martinez, G.T.; Rosenauer, A.; de Backer, A.; Verbeeck, J.; Van Aert, S. |
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Title |
Quantitative composition determination at the atomic level using model-based high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Ultramicroscopy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ultramicroscopy |
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Volume |
137 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
12-19 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
High angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF STEM) images provide sample information which is sensitive to the chemical composition. The image intensities indeed scale with the mean atomic number Z. To some extent, chemically different atomic column types can therefore be visually distinguished. However, in order to quantify the atomic column composition with high accuracy and precision, model-based methods are necessary. Therefore, an empirical incoherent parametric imaging model can be used of which the unknown parameters are determined using statistical parameter estimation theory (Van Aert et al., 2009, [1]). In this paper, it will be shown how this method can be combined with frozen lattice multislice simulations in order to evolve from a relative toward an absolute quantification of the composition of single atomic columns with mixed atom types. Furthermore, the validity of the model assumptions are explored and discussed. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Amsterdam |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000331092200003 |
Publication Date |
2013-11-09 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
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ISSN |
0304-3991; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
2.843 |
Times cited |
74 |
Open Access |
|
|
|
Notes |
FWO; FP7; ERC Countatoms; ESTEEM2; esteem2_ta |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.843; 2014 IF: 2.436 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:111579UA @ admin @ c:irua:111579 |
Serial |
2749 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Khazzan, S.; Bessais, L.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Mliki, N. |
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Title |
Correlation between the nanocrystalline Sm(Fe,Mo)12 and its out of equilibrium phase Sm(Fe,Mo)10 |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Magn Magn Mater |
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Volume |
363 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
125-132 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Nanostructured Sm-Fe-Mo semi-hard magnetic material exhibiting enhanced magnetic properties can be produced by ball milling followed by recrystallization. Milled samples were annealed for 30 min in a vacuum at different temperatures (T-A) between 700 and 1190 degrees C. The effects of heat treatment and Mo content on structural and magnetic property changes have been investigated by means of X-ray diffraction using the Rietvekl method, transmission electron microscopy and magnetic measurements. For samples annealed at T-A > 900 degrees C the tetragonal ThMn12-type structure is identified, while for 700 < T-A < 900 degrees C a new out of equilibrium P6/mmm type structure was found as the major phase. This novel nanocrystalline phase has never been synthesized before. The correspondent stoichiometry is determined on the basis of the vacancy model. The Rietveld analysis gives a stoichiometry ratio equal to 1:10, for the out of equilibrium hexagonal phase, which is described with three crystallographic transition metal sites: 3g is fully occupied, 61 occupation is limited to hexagons surrounding the Fe dumbbell pairs 2e. We have performed a magnetic and structural study of nanocrystalline metastable P6/mrnm Sm(Fe1-xMo)(10), correlated with structural transformation towards its equilibrium derivative 14/mrnm Sm(Fe1-xMo)(12). A maximum of the coercive field H-C (H-C > 5 kOe) has been observed for the new hexagonal P6/rnmm phase suggesting that nanocrystalline Sm(Fe,Mo)(10), is a semi hard material, and is potential candidate for magnetic recording. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Amsterdam |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000335393900021 |
Publication Date |
2014-04-05 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0304-8853; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
2.63 |
Times cited |
6 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.63; 2014 IF: 1.970 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:117139 |
Serial |
524 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Ghosh, S.; Tongay, S.; Hebard, A.F.; Sahin, H.; Peeters, F.M. |
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Title |
Ferromagnetism in stacked bilayers of Pd/C60 |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Magn Magn Mater |
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Volume |
349 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
128-134 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT) |
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Abstract |
We provide experimental evidence for the existence of ferromagnetism in bilayers of Pd/C-60 which is supported by theoretical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). The observed ferromagnetism is surprising as C-60 and Pd films are both non-ferromagnetic in the non-interacting limit. Magnetization (M) versus applied field (H) data acquired at different temperatures (T) show magnetic hysteresis with typical coercive fields (H-c) on the order of 50 Oe. From the temperature-dependent magnetization M(T) we extract a Curie temperature (T-c >= 550 K) using Bloch-like power law extrapolations to high temperatures. Using DFT calculations we investigated all plausible scenarios for the interaction between the C-60 molecules and the Pd slabs, Pd single atoms and Pd clusters. DFT shows that while the C-60 molecules are nonmagnetic, Pd films have a degenerate ground state that subject to a weak perturbation, can become ferromagnetic. Calculations also show that the interaction of C-60 molecules with excess Pd atoms and with sharp edges of a Pd slab is the most likely configuration that render the system ferromagnetic Interestingly, the calculated charge transfer (0.016 e per surface Pd atom, 0.064 e per Pd for intimate contact region) between C-60 and Pd does not appear to play an important role. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Amsterdam |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000326037600022 |
Publication Date |
2013-08-02 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0304-8853; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
2.63 |
Times cited |
8 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; We thank Prof. Amlan Biswas and Daniel Grant for Atomic Force Microscopy measurements. This work is supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Contract Number 1005301 (AFH). The authors also thank S. Ciraci for fruitful discussions. All the computational resources have been provided by TUBITAK ULAKBIM, High Performance and Grid Computing Center (TR-Grid e-Infrastructure). H. Sahin is also supported by a FWO Pegasus Marie Curie Long Fellowship during the study. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.63; 2014 IF: 1.970 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:112214 |
Serial |
1184 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Hellemans, K.; Vincke, A.; Cagno, S.; Herremans, D.; De Clercq, W.; Janssens, K. |
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Title |
Composition and state of alteration of 18th-century glass finds found at the Cistercian nunnery of Clairefontaine, Belgium |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Journal of archaeological science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Archaeol Sci |
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Volume |
47 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
121-133 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Philosophy; History; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
A hundred 18th-century glass fragments were recovered at the Clairefontaine monastery in the Belgian province of Luxembourg. They were analysed by a combination of SEM-EDX and LA-ICP-MS in order to determine their major composition as well as their trace element signature. Multivariate statistical methods such as hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis were used to divide the glass fragments into four main groups: potassium-rich glass, sodium-rich glass, potassium/lime-rich glass and high-lime-low-alkali glass. Within every group, not only a similarity in composition is observed, but also in colour, morphology and deterioration patterns. Potash glass fragments are the most abundant and show extensive deterioration; two classes of potash glass were identified: one similar to certain Central European glass compositions, while the other one, characterised by large variations in potash: lime ratio, may be attributed to local (regional) glass production. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000339037300012 |
Publication Date |
2014-04-24 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
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ISSN |
0305-4403 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
2.602 |
Times cited |
12 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; Archaeological fieldwork at Clairefontaine was directed by Prof. Dr. J. De Meulemeester (dagger) and financed by the Walloon Government. Post-excavation research is carried out within the framework of the PhD-project (FNR Luxembourg BFR06-80): “The material culture of Clairefontaine abbey”. This investigation was supported by the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme (Belgian Science Policy – IUAP VI/16) and by the HERCULES foundation. This work was partly supported by the Research Council of Norway through its Centres of Excellence funding scheme, project number 223268/F50. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.602; 2014 IF: 2.196 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:118711 |
Serial |
5536 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Cagno, S.; Cosyns, P.; Izmer, A.; Vanhaecke, F.; Nys, K.; Janssens, K. |
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Title |
Deeply colored and black-appearing Roman glass : a continued research |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Journal of archaeological science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Archaeol Sci |
|
|
Volume |
42 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
128-139 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Philosophy; History; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
In the context of archaeological and historical assessment of Roman black-appearing glass, the chemical and physical characterization of a large collection of samples originating from various areas of the Roman Empire has been gathered over the past years to (i) verify whether a minor segment of the overall Roman glass production can help in determining possible diachronic changes in Roman imperial glass production (1st century AD – 5th century AD) and (ii) reveal regional compositional differences. In this paper, the latest results on the chemical composition of an additional 44 black-appearing Roman glass samples are presented, together with general conclusions based upon the entire compositional dataset of over 400 analyzed black glass samples. The results show that the Roman black glass is obtained through several glass compositions with a specific chronological, geographical and typological distribution. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000332133100011 |
Publication Date |
2013-11-13 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0305-4403 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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|
Impact Factor |
2.602 |
Times cited |
18 |
Open Access |
|
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|
Notes |
; This research was supported by the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme – Belgian Science Policy (IUAP VI/16) and the Hercules fund, Brussels (grant A11/ 0387). The text also presents results of GOA “XANES meets ELNES” (Research Fund University of Antwerp, Belgium), FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects no. G.0704.08 and G.01769.09, and VUB project OZR-BOF 1247. This work was partly supported by the Research Council of Norway through its Centres of Excellence funding scheme, project number 223268/F50. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.602; 2014 IF: 2.196 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:115865 |
Serial |
5567 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Hellar-Kihampa, H.; Potgieter-Vermaak, S.; De Wael, K.; Lugwisha, E.; van Espen, P.; Van Grieken, R. |
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|
Title |
Concentration profiles of metal contaminants in fluvial sediments of a rural-urban drainage basin in Tanzania |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2014 |
Publication |
International journal of environmental analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int J Environ An Ch |
|
|
Volume |
94 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
77-98 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
This study investigated concentration profiles of trace, rare earth and platinum group metals in fluvial sediments from the Pangani river basin (43,650 km2), one of the largest river basins in Tanzania, to assess its environmental quality. Sediment samples were collected in two distinct seasons from 12 representative sites of diverse land-use practices and characterised by ICP-MS after optimised microwave digestion. Ecological risks were assessed by evaluation of pollution index and comparison with legislated sediment quality guidelines (SQG). The results revealed contamination by some trace metals (e.g. Pb, V, Cu, Cr, Ni, Cd, As, Co, Mn and Zn) in concentrations ranging from 0.7 to 2940 mg kg−1, and four rare earth elements (Y, Ce, Nd, Yb) in concentrations ranging from 0.9 (Yb) to 500 mg kg−1 dry weight (Ce), which significantly exceeded the estimated background values at some stations. Palladium was the only platinum group element that was detected in quantifiable concentrations (0.33.5 mg kg−1). Concentrations of some trace metals exceeded the SQGs at some localised areas. Principal component analysis and multivariate correlations indicated geochemical characteristics of the area as the major control of metal concentrations and spatial variability. Organic matter and clay contents also played a significant role in metal distributions. Assessment of land-use practices upstream of the sampling locations was used to trace potential anthropogenic sources of metal enrichments, where highest levels were found in areas close to urban centres and agricultural activities. The study provides baseline data for future monitoring programs, and highlights the need for more comprehensive analysis involving a wider spatio-temporal scale and ecotoxicological risk assessment. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000329774500007 |
Publication Date |
2013-05-24 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0306-7319 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
1.208 |
Times cited |
5 |
Open Access |
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|
Notes |
; The participants of this research gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Belgian Development Agency (BTC). The contribution of the Pangani Basin Water Board (PBWB), especially Ms Arafa Maggidi in provision of valuable information and assistance with the sampling campaigns is greatly appreciated. We sincerely acknowledge the assistance of Mr. Elisa Dunstan Kiwelu of Ardhi University, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania in mapping the study area; Mr Peter Machibya of the Department of Geology, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania in sediment characterisation; and Dr Valentine Kayawe Mubiana of the Department of Biology, University of Antwerp in ICP-MS analysis. The contributions of six anonymous reviewers, which greatly improved the manuscript for this paper, are highly appreciated. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 1.208; 2014 IF: 1.295 |
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|
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:109234 |
Serial |
5547 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Meul, M.; Van Middelaar, C.E.; de Boer, I.J.M.; Van Passel, S.; Fremaut, D.; Haesaert, G. |
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Title |
Potential of life cycle assessment to support environmental decision making at commercial dairy farms |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Agricultural Systems |
Abbreviated Journal |
Agr Syst |
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Volume |
131 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
105-115 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering Management (ENM) |
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Abstract |
In this paper, we evaluate the potential of life cycle assessment (LCA) to support environmental decision making at commercial dairy farms. To achieve this, we follow a four-step method that allows converting environmental assessment results using LCA into case-specific advice for farmers. This is illustrated in a case-study involving 20 specialized Flemish dairy farms. Calculated LCA indicators are normalized into scores between 0 and 100, whereby a score of 100 is assumed optimal, to allow for a mutual comparison of indicators for different environmental impact categories. Next, major farm and management characteristics affecting environmental performance are identified using multiple regression and correlation analyses. Finally, comparing specific farm and management characteristics with those of best performing farms identifies farm-specific optimization strategies. We conclude that this approach complies with most of the identified critical success factors for the successful implementation of LCA as a decision support system for farmers. Key aspects herein are (i) the flexibility and accessibility of the model, (ii) the use of readily available farm data, (iii) farm advisors being intended model users, (iv) the identification of key farm and management characteristics affecting environmental performance and (v) the organization of discussion sessions involving farmers and farm advisors. However, attention should be paid (i) to provide sufficient training and guidance for farm advisors on the use of the applied LCA model and the interpretation of results, (ii) to evaluate the correctness of the used data and (iii) to keep the model up-to-date according to new scientific insights and knowledge concerning LCA methodology. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000343955300011 |
Publication Date |
2014-09-15 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0308-521x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
2.571 |
Times cited |
25 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.571; 2014 IF: 2.906 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:127540 |
Serial |
6238 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
García-Sánchez, C.; Philips, D.A.; Gorlé, C. |
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Title |
Quantifying inflow uncertainties for CFD simulations of the flow in downtown Oklahoma City |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Building and environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Build Environ |
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Volume |
78 |
Issue |
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Pages |
118-129 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods are widely used to investigate wind flow and dispersion in urban environments. Validation with field experiments that represent the full complexity of the problem should be performed to assess the predictive capabilities of the computations. In this context it will be necessary to quantify the effect of uncertainties in simulations of the full-scale problem. The present study aims at quantifying the uncertainty related to the variability in the inflow boundary conditions for Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations of the flow in downtown Oklahoma City to address validation with the Joint Urban 2003 field measurements. Three uncertain inflow parameters were defined: the wind speed and wind direction at a reference height, and the aerodynamic roughness in the logarithmic velocity inlet profile. An ensemble of 729 RANS simulations were performed to determine the polynomial chaos expansion coefficients that define the response surfaces for the velocity magnitude and direction at 13 field measurement stations, and the results are compared to the experimental data. For the velocity magnitude the mean experimental velocity magnitude is encompassed within the 95% confidence interval for the magnitudes predicted by the Uncertainty Quantification study in all stations. For the velocity direction this holds in 11 out of 13 locations. The study demonstrates the significant potential of applying advanced uncertainty quantification methods to address validation with field measurements and to develop a more realistic approach to the definition of inflow boundary conditions in atmospheric CFD simulations. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Oxford |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000338619700013 |
Publication Date |
2014-05-02 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0360-1323; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
4.053 |
Times cited |
29 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.053; 2014 IF: 3.341 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:118632 |
Serial |
2742 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Pasquini, L.; Sacchi, M.; Brighi, M.; Boelsma, C.; Bals, S.; Perkisas, T.; Dam, B. |
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Title |
Hydride destabilization in core-shell nanoparticles |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
International journal of hydrogen energy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int J Hydrogen Energ |
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Volume |
39 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
2115-2123 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
We present a model that describes the effect of elastic constraint on the thermodynamics of hydrogen absorption and desorption in biphasic core-shell nanoparticles, where the core is a hydride forming metal. In particular, the change of the hydride formation enthalpy and of the equilibrium pressure for the metal/hydride transformation are described as a function of nanoparticles radius, shell thickness, and elastic properties of both core and shell. To test the model, the hydrogen sorption isotherms of Mg-MgO core-shell nanoparticles, synthesized by inert gas condensation, were measured by means of optical hydrogenography. The model's predictions are in good agreement with the experimentally determined plateau pressure of hydrogen absorption. The features that a core-shell systems should exhibit in view of practical hydrogen storage applications are discussed with reference to the model and the experimental results. Copyright (C) 2013, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Oxford |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000331344800022 |
Publication Date |
2014-01-04 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0360-3199; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.582 |
Times cited |
32 |
Open Access |
Not_Open_Access |
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|
Notes |
COST Action MP1103 |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.582; 2014 IF: 3.313 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:115785 |
Serial |
1528 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Mooij, L.; Perkisas, T.; Palsson, G.; Schreuders, H.; Wolff, M.; Hjorvarsson, B.; Bals, S.; Dam, B. |
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Title |
The effect of microstructure on the hydrogenation of Mg/Fe thin film multilayers |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
International journal of hydrogen energy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int J Hydrogen Energ |
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Volume |
39 |
Issue |
30 |
Pages |
17092-17103 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Nanoconfined magnesium hydride can be simultaneously protected and thermodynamically destabilized when interfaced with materials such as Ti and Fe. We study the hydrogenation of thin layers of Mg (<14 nm) nanoconfined in one dimension within thin film Fe/Mg/Fe/Pd multilayers by the optical technique Hydrogenography. The hydrogenation of nanosized magnesium layers in Fe/Mg/Fe multilayers surprisingly shows the presence of multiple plateau pressures, whose nature is thickness dependent. In contrast, hydrogen desorption occurs via a single plateau which does not depend on the Mg layer thickness. From structural and morphological analyses with X-ray diffraction/reflectometry and cross-section TEM, we find that the Mg layer roughness is large when deposited on Fe and furthermore contains high-angle grain boundaries (GB's). When grown on Ti, the Mg layer roughness is low and no high-angle GB's are detected. From a Ti/Mg/Fe multilayer, in which the Mg layer is flat and has little or no GB's, we conclude that MgH2 is indeed destabilized by the interface with Fe. In this case, both the ab- and desorption plateau pressures are increased by a factor two compared to the hydrogenation of Mg within Ti/Mg/Ti multilayers. We hypothesize that the GB's in the Fe/Mg/Fe multilayer act as diffusion pathways for Pd, which is known to greatly alter the hydrogenation behavior of Mg when the two materials share an interface. Copyright (C) 2014, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Oxford |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000343839000031 |
Publication Date |
2014-09-10 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0360-3199; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.582 |
Times cited |
15 |
Open Access |
Not_Open_Access |
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Notes |
COST Action MP1103 |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.582; 2014 IF: 3.313 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:121175 |
Serial |
3575 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Boulay, E.; Nakano, J.; Turner, S.; Idrissi, H.; Schryvers, D.; Godet, S. |
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Title |
Critical assessments and thermodynamic modeling of BaO-SiO2 and SiO2-TiO2 systems and their extensions into liquid immiscibility in the BaO-SiO2-TiO2 system |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Calphad computer coupling of phase diagrams and thermochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Calphad |
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Volume |
47 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
68-82 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
This study discusses rational reproduction of liquid immiscibility in the BaO-SiO2-TiO2 system. While a ternary assessment requires sub-binary descriptions in the same thermodynamic model, the related sub-binary systems BaO-SiO2, BaO-TiO2 and SiO2-TiO2 liquid and solid phases have been evaluated using different thermodynamic models in the literature. In this study, BaO-SiO2 and SiO2-TiO2 were assessed using the Ionic Two Sublattice model (I2SL) based on experimental data from the literature. BaO-TiO2 was already assessed using this model. Binary descriptions developed were then used for the assessment of liquid immiscibility in the BaO-SiO2-TiO2 system. Ternary interaction parameters were found necessary for rational reproduction of the new ternary experimental data gathered in the present work. The model parameters for each system were evaluated using a CAPLHAD approach. A set of parameters is proposed. They show good agreement between the calculated and experimental equilibrium liquidus, liquid immiscibility and thermochemical properties in the BaO-SiO2-TiO2 system. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Oxford |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000346224700008 |
Publication Date |
2014-07-05 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0364-5916; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
1.6 |
Times cited |
9 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: 1.6; 2014 IF: 1.370 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:122776 |
Serial |
540 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Verbruggen, S.W.; Tytgat, T.; Van Passel, S.; Martens, J.A.; Lenaerts, S. |
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Title |
Cost-effectiveness analysis to assess commercial TiO2 photocatalysts for acetaldehyde degradation in air |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Chemicke zvesti |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Pap |
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Volume |
68 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
1273-1278 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
In the commercialisation of photocatalytic air purifiers, the performance as well as the cost of the catalytic material plays an important role. Where most comparative studies only regard the photocatalytic activity as a decisive parameter, in this study both activity and cost are taken into account. Using a cost-effectiveness analysis, six different commercially available TiO2-based catalysts are evaluated in terms of their activities in photocatalytic degradation of acetaldehyde as a model reaction for indoor air purification. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000336443400015 |
Publication Date |
2014-02-20 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0366-6352 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
1.258 |
Times cited |
10 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; S. W. V. wishes to thank the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) for the financial support received. The authors are grateful to the University of Antwerp for supporting and funding this research. Evonik is sincerely thanked for providing catalyst samples for our experiments free of charge. All companies are thanked for providing specific pricing data. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 1.258; 2014 IF: 1.468 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:117297 |
Serial |
6174 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Lu, J.; Martinez, G.T.; Van Aert, S.; Schryvers, D. |
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Title |
Lattice deformations in quasi-dynamic strain glass visualised and quantified by aberration corrected electron microscopy |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Physica status solidi: B: basic research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys Status Solidi B |
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Volume |
251 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
2034-2040 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Advanced transmission electron microscopy and statistical parameter estimated quantification procedures were applied to study the room temperature quasi-dynamical strain glass state in NiTi alloys. Nanosized strain pockets are visualised and the displacements of the atom columns are quantified. A comparison is made with conventional high-resolution transmission electron microscopy images of point defect induced strains in NiAl alloys. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Berlin |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000344360000009 |
Publication Date |
2014-03-31 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0370-1972; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
1.674 |
Times cited |
2 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
Fwo |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 1.674; 2014 IF: 1.489 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:120471 |
Serial |
1801 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Idrissi, H.; Amin-Ahmadi, B.; Wang, B.; Schryvers, D. |
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Title |
Review on TEM analysis of growth twins in nanocrystalline palladium thin films : toward better understanding of twin-related mechanisms in high stacking fault energy metals |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Physica status solidi: B: basic research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys Status Solidi B |
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Volume |
251 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1111-1124 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Various modes of transmission electron microscopy including aberration corrected imaging were used in order to unravel the fundamental mechanisms controlling the formation of growth twins and the evolution of twin boundaries under mechanical and hydrogen loading modes in nanocrystalline (nc) palladium thin films. The latter were produced by electron-beam evaporation and sputter deposition and subjected to uniaxial tensile deformation as well as hydriding/dehydriding cycles. The results show that the twins form by dissociation of grain boundaries. The coherency of Σ3{111} coherent twin boundaries considerably decreases with deformation due to dislocation/twin boundary interactions while Σ3{112} incoherent twin boundaries dissociate under hydrogen cycling into two-phase boundaries bounding a new and unstable 9R phase. The effect of these elementary mechanisms on the macroscopic behavior of the palladium films is discussed and compared to recent experimental and simulation works in the literature. The results provide insightful information to guide the production of well-controlled population of growth twins in high stacking fault energy nc metallic thin films. The results also indicate directions for further enhancement of the mechanical properties of palladium films as needed for instance in palladium-based membranes in hydrogen applications. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Berlin |
Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000337608600001 |
Publication Date |
2014-02-17 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0370-1972; |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
1.674 |
Times cited |
7 |
Open Access |
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|
Notes |
Iap P7/21; Fwo G012012n |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 1.674; 2014 IF: 1.489 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:114580 |
Serial |
2905 |
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Permanent link to this record |