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Author Verbeeck, J.; Van Aert, S.; Bertoni, G. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Model-based quantification of EELS spectra: including the fine structure Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2006 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 106 Issue 11-12 Pages 976-980  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract An extension to model-based electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) quantification is reported to improve the possibility of modelling fine structure changes in electron energy loss spectra. An equalisation function is used in the energy loss near edge structure (ELNES) region to model the differences between a single atom differential cross section and the cross section for an atom in a crystal. The equalisation function can be shown to approximate the relative density of unoccupied states for the given excitation edge. On a set of 200 experimental h-BN spectra, this technique leads to statistically acceptable models resulting into unbiased estimates of relative concentrations and making the estimated precisions come very close to the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB). The method greatly expands the useability of model-based EELS quantification to spectra with pronounced fine structure. Another benefit of this model is that one also gets an estimate of the unoccupied density of states for a given excitation edge, without having to do background removal and deconvolution, making the outcome intrinsically more reliable and less noisy. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000241592900004 Publication Date 2006-07-04  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 38 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Goa; Fwo Iap-V Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2006 IF: 1.706  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:61379UA @ admin @ c:irua:61379 Serial 2102  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Verbeeck, J.; Bertoni, G. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Model-based quantification of EELS spectra: treating the effect of correlated noise Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2008 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 108 Issue 2 Pages 74-83  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract Correlated noise is generally present in experimentally recorded electron energy loss spectra due to a non-ideal electron detector. In this contribution we describe a method to experimentally measure the noise properties of the detector as well as the consequences it has for model-based quantification using maximum likelihood. The effect of the correlated noise on the maximum likelihood fitting results can be shown to be negligible for the estimated (co)variance of the parameters while an experimentally obtained scaling factor is required to correct the likelihood ratio test for the reduction of noise power with frequency. Both effects are derived theoretically under a set of approximations and tested for a range of signal-to-noise values using numerical experiments. Finally, an experimental example shows that the correction for correlated noise is essential and should always be included in the fitting procedure. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000252816900002 Publication Date 2007-03-25  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 16 Open Access (down)  
  Notes FWO nr G.0147.06; ESTEEM 026019 Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2008 IF: 2.629  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:67602UA @ admin @ c:irua:67602 Serial 2103  
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Author van den Broek, W.; Van Aert, S.; van Dyck, D. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title A model based reconstruction technique for depth sectioning with scanning transmission electron microscopy Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2010 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 110 Issue 5 Pages 548-554  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab  
  Abstract Depth sectioning in high angular annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy is considered a candidate for three-dimensional characterization on the atomic scale. However at present the depth resolution is still far from the atomic level, due to strong limitations in the opening angle of the beam. In this paper we introduce a new, parameter based tomographic reconstruction algorithm that allows to make maximal use of the prior knowledge about the constituent atom types and the microscope settings, so as to retrieve the atomic positions and push the resolution to the atomic level in all three dimensions.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000279065700022 Publication Date 2009-09-21  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 16 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Fwo Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2010 IF: 2.063  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:83690 Serial 2104  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Bals, S.; Kilaas, R.; Kisielowski, C. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Nonlinear imaging using annular dark field TEM Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2005 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 104 Issue 3/4 Pages 281-289  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract Annular dark field TEM images exhibit a dominant mass-thickness contrast that can be quantified to extract single atom scattering cross sections. On top of this incoherent background, additional lattice fringes appear with a nonlinear information limit of 1.2 angstrom at 150 kV. The formation of these fringes is described by coherent nonlinear imaging theory and good agreement is found between experimental and simulated images. Calculations furthermore predict that the use of aberration corrected microscopes will improve the image quality dramatically. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000231297100012 Publication Date 2005-06-16  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 15 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2005 IF: 2.490  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:64685 Serial 2352  
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Author De Meulenaere, P.; Van Tendeloo, G.; van Landuyt, J.; van Dyck, D. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title On the interpretation of HREM images of partially ordered alloys Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1995 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 60 Issue 2 Pages 265-282  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab  
  Abstract The ordering for 11/20 alloys has been studied by high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM). The distribution of the intensity maxima in the HREM image have been statistically examined, which provides a profound basis for the image interpretation. Processing of the HREM images allows ''dark-field'' images to be obtained, exhibiting a two-dimensional distribution of those columns which contain the most information in order to interpret the short-range order correlations. Pair correlations and higher cluster correlations between projected columns can be visualised, providing unique information about the ordering as retrieved from an experimental result without any other assumption. The method has been applied to Au4Cr and to Au4Mn to interpret the quenched short-range order state and the transition to long-range order.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos A1995TZ14700008 Publication Date 2002-07-25  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.436 Times cited 20 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:13014 Serial 2438  
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Author Verbeeck, J.; Hébert; Rubino, S.; Novák, P.; Rusz, J.; Houdellier, F.; Gatel, C.; Schattschneider, P. doi  openurl
  Title Optimal aperture sizes and positions for EMCD experiments Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2008 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 108 Issue 9 Pages 865-872  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in energy-loss magnetic chiral dichroism (EMCD)the equivalent of X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) in the electron microscopeis optimized with respect to the detector shape, size and position. We show that an important increase in SNR over previous experiments can be obtained when taking much larger detector sizes. We determine the ideal shape of the detector but also show that round apertures are a good compromise if placed in their optimal position. We develop the theory for a simple analytical description of the EMCD experiment and then apply it to dynamical multibeam Bloch wave calculations and to an experimental data set. In all cases it is shown that a significant and welcome improvement of the SNR is possible.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000258747600009 Publication Date 2008-03-07  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 27 Open Access (down)  
  Notes This work was supported by the European Commission under contract no. 508971 CHIRALTEM. J.V. and F.H. thank the financial support from the European Union under the Framework 6 program under a contract for an Integrated Infrastructure Initiative. Reference 026019 ESTEEM. Thanks to J.P. Morniroli for making the Fe sample available. Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2008 IF: 2.629  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:76492UA @ admin @ c:irua:76492 Serial 2480  
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Author Van Aert, S.; den Dekker, A.J.; van Dyck, D.; van den Bos, A. doi  openurl
  Title Optimal experimental design of STEM measurement of atom column positions Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2002 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 90 Issue Pages 273-289  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000174770900004 Publication Date 2002-07-25  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 35 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2002 IF: 1.772  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:47517 Serial 2483  
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Author Tan, H.; Verbeeck, J.; Abakumov, A.; Van Tendeloo, G. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Oxidation state and chemical shift investigation in transition metal oxides by EELS Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2012 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 116 Issue Pages 24-33  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract Transition metal L2,3 electron energy-loss spectra for a wide range of V-, Mn- and Fe-based oxides were recorded and carefully analyzed for their correlation with the formal oxidation states of the transition metal ions. Special attention is paid to obtain an accurate energy scale which provides absolute energy positions for all core-loss edges. The white-line ratio method, chemical shift method, ELNES fitting method, two-parameter method and other methods are compared and their validity is discussed. Both the ELNES fitting method and the chemical shift method have the advantage of a wide application range and good consistency but require special attention to accurately measure the core-loss edge position. The obtained conclusions are of fundamental importance, e.g., for obtaining atomic resolution oxidation state information in modern experiments.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000304473700004 Publication Date 2012-03-10  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 413 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Fwo Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2012 IF: 2.470  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:96959UA @ admin @ c:irua:96959 Serial 2541  
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Author Verbeeck, J.; van Dyck, D.; Lichte, H.; Potapov, P.; Schattschneider, P. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Plasmon holographic experiments: theoretical framework Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2005 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 102 Issue 3 Pages 239-255  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab  
  Abstract A theoretical framework is described to understand the results of plasmon holography experiments leading to insight in the meaning of the experimental results and pointing out directions for future experiments. The framework is based on the formalism of mutual intensity to describe how coherence is transferred through an optical system. For the inelastic interaction with the object, an expression for the volume. plasmon excitations in a free electron gas is used as a model for the behaviour of aluminium. The formalism leads to a clear graphical intuitive tool for under-standing the experiments. It becomes evident that the measured coherence is solely related to the angular distribution of the plasmon scattering in the case of bulk plasmons. After describing the framework, the special case of coherence outside a spherical particle is treated and the seemingly controversial idea of a plasmon with a limited coherence length obtained front experiments is clarified. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000226436600010 Publication Date 2004-11-05  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 43 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Fwo Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2005 IF: 2.490  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:57133UA @ admin @ c:irua:57133 Serial 2643  
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Author Heidari Mezerji, H.; van den Broek, W.; Bals, S. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title A practical method to determine the effective resolution in incoherent experimental electron tomography Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2011 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 111 Issue 5 Pages 330-336  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab  
  Abstract It is not straightforward to determine resolution for a 3D reconstruction when performing an electron tomography experiment. Different contributions such as missing wedge and misalignment add up and often influence the final resolution in an anisotropic manner. The conventional resolution measures can not be used for all of the reconstruction techniques, especially for iterative techniques which are more commonly used for electron tomography in materials science. Here we define a quantitative resolution measure that determines the resolution in three orthogonal directions of the reconstruction. As an application we use this measure to determine the optimum number of simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique (SIRT) iterations to reconstruct the gold nanoparticles, based on a high angle annular dark field STEM (HAADF-STEM) tilt series.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000289396900005 Publication Date 2011-01-24  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 26 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Esteem 026019; Fwo Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2011 IF: 2.471  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:87606 Serial 2688  
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Author Wang, A.; Van Aert, S.; Goos, P.; van Dyck, D. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Precision of three-dimensional atomic scale measurements from HRTEM images : what are the limits? Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2012 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 114 Issue Pages 20-30  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering Management (ENM); Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab  
  Abstract In this paper, we investigate to what extent high resolution transmission electron microscopy images can be used to measure the mass, in terms of thickness, and surface profile, corresponding to the defocus offset, of an object at the atomic scale. Therefore, we derive an expression for the statistical precision with which these object parameters can be estimated in a quantitative analysis. Evaluating this expression as a function of the microscope settings allows us to derive the optimal microscope design. Acquiring three-dimensional structure information in terms of thickness turns out to be much more difficult than obtaining two-dimensional information on the projected atom column positions. The attainable precision is found to be more strongly affected by processes influencing the image contrast, such as phonon scattering, than by the specific choice of microscope settings. For a realistic incident electron dose, it is expected that atom columns can be distinguished with single atom sensitivity up to a thickness of the order of the extinction distance. A comparable thickness limit is determined to measure surface steps of one atom. An increase of the electron dose shifts the limiting thickness upward due to an increase in the signal-to-noise ratio.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000301954300003 Publication Date 2012-01-06  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 5 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Fwo Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2012 IF: 2.470  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:94116 Serial 2692  
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Author Bertoni, G.; Beyers, E.; Verbeeck, J.; Mertens, M.; Cool, P.; Vansant, E.F.; Van Tendeloo, G. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Quantification of crystalline and amorphous content in porous TiO2 samples from electron energy loss spectroscopy Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2006 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 106 Issue 7 Pages 630-635  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA)  
  Abstract We present an efficient method for the quantification of crystalline versus amorphous phase content in mesoporous materials, making use of electron energy loss spectroscopy. The method is based on fitting a superposition of core-loss edges using the maximum likelihood method with measured reference spectra. We apply the method to mesoporous TiO2 samples. We show that the absolute amount of the crystalline phase can be determined with an accuracy below 5%. This method takes also the amorphous phase into account, where standard X-ray diffraction is only quantitative for crystalline phases and not for amorphous phase. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000238479300011 Publication Date 2006-04-28  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 83 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Iap-V; Goa-2005; Fwo Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2006 IF: 1.706  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:58823UA @ admin @ c:irua:58823 Serial 2741  
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Author Van Aert, S.; Verbeeck, J.; Erni, R.; Bals, S.; Luysberg, M.; van Dyck, D.; Van Tendeloo, G. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Quantitative atomic resolution mapping using high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 109 Issue 10 Pages 1236-1244  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab  
  Abstract A model-based method is proposed to relatively quantify the chemical composition of atomic columns using high angle annular dark field (HAADF) scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images. The method is based on a quantification of the total intensity of the scattered electrons for the individual atomic columns using statistical parameter estimation theory. In order to apply this theory, a model is required describing the image contrast of the HAADF STEM images. Therefore, a simple, effective incoherent model has been assumed which takes the probe intensity profile into account. The scattered intensities can then be estimated by fitting this model to an experimental HAADF STEM image. These estimates are used as a performance measure to distinguish between different atomic column types and to identify the nature of unknown columns with good accuracy and precision using statistical hypothesis testing. The reliability of the method is supported by means of simulated HAADF STEM images as well as a combination of experimental images and electron energy-loss spectra. It is experimentally shown that statistically meaningful information on the composition of individual columns can be obtained even if the difference in averaged atomic number Z is only 3. Using this method, quantitative mapping at atomic resolution using HAADF STEM images only has become possible without the need of simultaneously recorded electron energy loss spectra.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000270015200004 Publication Date 2009-05-28  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 166 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Fwo; Esteem 026019 Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2009 IF: 2.067  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:78585UA @ admin @ c:irua:78585 Serial 2748  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Schattschneider, P.; Verbeeck, J.; Hamon, A.L. doi  openurl
  Title Real space maps of atomic transitions Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 109 Issue 7 Pages 781-787  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract Considering the rapid technical development of transmission electron microscopes, we investigate the possibility to map electronic transitions in real space on the atomic scale. To this purpose, we analyse the information carried by the scatterer's initial and final state wave functions and the role of the different atomic transition channels for the inelastic scattering cross section. It is shown that the change in the magnetic quantum number in the transition can be mapped. Two experimental set-ups are proposed, one blocking half the diffraction plane, the other one using a cylinder lens for imaging. Both methods break the conventional circular symmetry in the electron microscope making it possible to detect the handedness of electronic transitions as an asymmetry in the image intensity. This finding is of important for atomic resolution energy-loss magnetic chiral dichroism (EMCD), allowing to obtain the magnetic moments of single atoms.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000266787900002 Publication Date 2009-03-01  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 10 Open Access (down)  
  Notes J.V. acknowledges the FWO-Vlaanderen for support (contract no. G.0147.06) and the European Union under the Framework 6 program under a contract for an Integrated Infrastructure Initiative. Reference 026019 ESTEEM. Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2009 IF: 2.067  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:77360UA @ admin @ c:irua:77360 Serial 2829  
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Author Schattschneider, P.; Ennen, I.; Stoger-Pollach, M.; Verbeeck, J.; Mauchamp, V.; Jaouen, M. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Real space maps of magnetic moments on the atomic scale: theory and feasibility Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2010 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 110 Issue 8 Pages 1038-1041  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract The recently discovered EMCD technique (energy loss magnetic chiral dichroism) can detect atom specific magnetic moments with nanometer resolution, exploiting the spin selectivity of electronic transitions in energy loss spectroscopy. Yet, direct imaging of magnetic moments on the atomic scale is not possible. In this paper we present an extension of EMCD that can overcome this limit. As a model system we chose bcc Fe. We present image simulations of the L3 white line signal, based on the kinetic equation for the density matrix of the 200 kV probe electron. With actual progress in instrumentation (high brightness sources, aberration corrected lenses) this technique should allow direct imaging of spin moments on the atomic scale.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000281216600016 Publication Date 2009-12-07  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 10 Open Access (down)  
  Notes --- Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2010 IF: 2.063  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:84439UA @ admin @ c:irua:84439 Serial 2830  
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Author Zhang, X.B.; Zhang, X.F.; Amelinckx, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.; van Landuyt, J. doi  openurl
  Title The reciprocal space of carbon tubes: a detailed interpretation of the electron diffraction effects Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1994 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 54 Issue Pages 237-249  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos A1994PA59800016 Publication Date 2002-10-18  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.436 Times cited 59 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Approved  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:10006 Serial 2844  
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Author Müller, K.; Schowalter, M.; Jansen, J.; Tsuda, K.; Titantah, J.; Lamoen, D.; Rosenauer, A. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Refinement of the 200 structure factor for GaAs using parallel and convergent beam electron nanodiffraction data Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 109 Issue 7 Pages 802-814  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract We present a new method to measure structure factors from electron spot diffraction patterns recorded under almost parallel illumination in transmission electron microscopes. Bloch wave refinement routines have been developed to refine the crystal thickness, its orientation and structure factors by comparison of experimentally recorded and calculated intensities. Our method requires a modicum of computational effort, making it suitable for contemporary personal computers. Frozen lattice and Bloch wave simulations of GaAs diffraction patterns are used to derive optimised experimental conditions. Systematic errors are estimated from the application of the method to simulated diffraction patterns and rules for the recognition of physically reasonable initial refinement conditions are derived. The method is applied to the measurement of the 200 structure factor for GaAs. We found that the influence of inelastically scattered electrons is negligible. Additionally, we measured the 200 structure factor from zero loss filtered two-dimensional convergent beam electron diffraction patterns. The precision of both methods is found to be comparable and the results agree well with each other. A deviation of more than 20% from isolated atom scattering data is observed, whereas close agreement is found with structure factors obtained from density functional theory [A. Rosenauer, M. Schowalter, F. Glas, D. Lamoen, Phys. Rev. B 72 (2005), 085326-1], which account for the redistribution of electrons due to chemical bonding via modified atomic scattering amplitudes.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000266787900005 Publication Date 2009-03-23  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 8 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Fwo; G.0425.05; Esteem; Ant 200611271505 Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2009 IF: 2.067  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:77361 Serial 2856  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Amelinckx, S.; Milat, O.; Van Tendeloo, G. doi  openurl
  Title Selective imaging of sublattices in complex structures Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1993 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 51 Issue Pages 90-108  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos A1993LN79100010 Publication Date 2002-10-18  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.436 Times cited 8 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Approved CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL 54/144 Q2 # PHYSICS, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR & CHEMICAL 9/35 Q2 #  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:6835 Serial 2964  
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Author Milat, O.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Amelinckx, S. doi  openurl
  Title Selective imaging of the “substructures” in incommensurately modulated intergrowth crystal structures Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1992 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 41 Issue Pages 65-76  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos A1992HX68100006 Publication Date 2002-10-18  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.436 Times cited 5 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Approved MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY 96/271 Q2 #  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:4437 Serial 2966  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Zhang, X.F.; Zhang, X.B.; Bernaerts, D.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Amelinckx, S.; van Landuyt, J.; Werner, H. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title A simple preparation method for air-sensitive specimens for transmission electron microscopy demonstrated by Rb6C60 Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1994 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 55 Issue Pages 25-30  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract In this paper a particularly simple but efficient method is presented by which samples of alkali-doped C-60 materials or other air-sensitive materials can be prepared and transferred into a transmission electron microscope for direct observations and investigations. Flexible, transparent glove bags are used which are filled to a slight overpressure with dry nitrogen. Under this protective atmosphere, the air-sensitive sample is mounted in the specimen holder and inserted in the vacuum of the electron microscope. Rb6C60 which is prepared and transferred into the microscope in this way has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results confirm the bcc structure and especially the location of the rubidium atoms.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos A1994PE30800005 Publication Date 2002-10-18  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.436 Times cited 2 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Approved CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL 77/144 Q3 # MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY 19/101 Q1 # PHYSICS, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR & CHEMICAL 17/35 Q2 #  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:10007 Serial 3002  
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Author Béché, A.; Rouviere, J.L.; Barnes, J.P.; Cooper, D. doi  openurl
  Title Strain measurement at the nanoscale : comparison between convergent beam electron diffraction, nano-beam electron diffraction, high resolution imaging and dark field electron holography Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2013 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 131 Issue Pages 10-23  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract Convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED), nano-beam electron diffraction (NBED or NBD), high resolution imaging (HRTEM and HRSTEM) and dark field electron holography (DFEH or HoloDark) are five TEM based techniques able to quantitatively measure strain at the nanometer scale. In order to demonstrate the advantages and disadvantages of each technique, two samples composed of epitaxial silicon-germanium layers embedded in a silicon matrix have been investigated. The five techniques are then compared in terms of strain precision and accuracy, spatial resolution, field of view, mapping abilities and ease of performance and analysis. (C) 2013 Elsevier By. All rights reserved.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000322631200002 Publication Date 2013-04-06  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 73 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2013 IF: 2.745  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:109774 Serial 3171  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Van Tendeloo, G.; Amelinckx, S.; Muto, S.; Verheijen, M.A.; van Loosdrecht, P.H.M.; Meijer, G. doi  openurl
  Title Structures and phase transitions in C60 and C70 fullerites Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1993 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 51 Issue Pages 168-188  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos A1993LN79100017 Publication Date 2002-10-18  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.436 Times cited 17 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Approved PHYSICS, APPLIED 28/145 Q1 #  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:6836 Serial 3319  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Ke, X.; Bals, S.; Romo Negreira, A.; Hantschel, T.; Bender, H.; Van Tendeloo, G. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title TEM sample preparation by FIB for carbon nanotube interconnects Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 109 Issue 11 Pages 1353-1359  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract A powerful method to study carbon nanotubes (CNTs) grown in patterned substrates for potential interconnects applications is transmission electron microscopy (TEM). However, high-quality TEM samples are necessary for such a study. Here, TEM specimen preparation by focused ion beam (FIB) has been used to obtain lamellae of patterned samples containing CNTs grown inside contact holes. A dual-cap Pt protection layer and an extensive 5 kV cleaning procedure are applied in order to preserve the CNTs and avoid deterioration during milling. TEM results show that the inner shell structure of the carbon nanotubes has been preserved, which proves that focused ion beam is a useful technique to prepare TEM samples of CNT interconnects.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000270765800006 Publication Date 2009-07-11  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 21 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Esteem 026019; Iap Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2009 IF: 2.067  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:79074 Serial 3485  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author van Landuyt, J. doi  openurl
  Title The evolution of HVEM application in antwerp Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1991 Publication Ultramicroscopy T2 – 2nd Osaka International Symp.on High-Voltage Electron Microscopy : New Directions and Future Aspects of High Voltage Electron Microscopy, November 8-10, 1990, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 39 Issue 1-4 Pages 287-298  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract The evolution of the use of the 1250 keV high-voltage electron microscope in Antwerp is sketched by illustrating a non-exhaustive set of examples in various fields. One of the main present fields of application gets some more attention, i.e. the defect studies as produced by processing steps in microelectronic devices: (i) strain-induced dislocations at the edges of various device isolation interlayers, (ii) morphologies resulting from high-energy ion implantation creating buried layers for silicon on insulator (SOI) and other implantation technologies.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Elsevier Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos A1991GY23100034 Publication Date 2002-10-18  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record  
  Impact Factor 2.436 Times cited Open Access (down)  
  Notes Approved PHYSICS, APPLIED 47/145 Q2 #  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:95973 Serial 3579  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Verbeeck, J.; Bertoni, G.; Schattschneider, P. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title The Fresnel effect of a defocused biprism on the fringes in inelastic holography Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2008 Publication Ultramicroscopy T2 – 16th International Microscopy Congress, SEP 03-08, 2006, Sapporo, JAPAN Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 108 Issue 3 Pages 263-269  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract We present energy filtered holography experiments on a thin foil of Al. By propagating the reduced density matrix of the probe electron through the microscope, we quantitatively predict the fringe contrast as a function of energy loss. Fringe contrast simulations include the effect of Fresnel fringes created at the edges of the defocused biprism, the effect of partial coherence in combination with inelastic scattering, and the effect of a finite energy distribution of the incoming beam. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000253389100011 Publication Date 2007-11-02  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 15 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Fwo G.0147.06; Esteem 026019 Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2008 IF: 2.629  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:104035 Serial 3582  
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Author Schattschneider, P.; Verbeeck, J. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Theory of free electron vortices Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2011 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 111 Issue 9/10 Pages 1461-1468  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract The recent creation of electron vortex beams and their first practical application motivates a better understanding of their properties. Here, we develop the theory of free electron vortices with quantized angular momentum, based on solutions of the Schrödinger equation for cylindrical boundary conditions. The principle of transformation of a plane wave into vortices with quantized angular momentum, their paraxial propagation through round magnetic lenses, and the effect of partial coherence are discussed.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000300461200002 Publication Date 2011-07-26  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 57 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Esteem 026019 Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2011 IF: 2.471  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:91882 Serial 3617  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author van den Broek, W.; Van Aert, S.; Goos, P.; van Dyck, D. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Throughput maximization of particle radius measurements by balancing size and current of the electron probe Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2011 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 111 Issue 7 Pages 940-947  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering Management (ENM); Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab  
  Abstract In thispaperweinvestigatewhichprobesizemaximizesthethroughputwhenmeasuringtheradiusof nanoparticlesinhighangleannulardarkfieldscanningtransmissionelectronmicroscopy(HAADFSTEM). The sizeandthecorrespondingcurrentoftheelectronprobedeterminetheprecisionoftheestimateofa particlesradius.Maximizingthroughputmeansthatamaximumnumberofparticlesshouldbeimaged withinagiventimeframe,sothataprespecifiedprecisionisattained.WeshowthatBayesianstatistical experimentaldesignisaveryusefulapproachtodeterminetheoptimalprobesizeusingacertainamount of priorknowledgeaboutthesample.Thedependenceoftheoptimalprobesizeonthedetectorgeometry and thediameter,variabilityandatomicnumberoftheparticlesisinvestigated.Anexpressionforthe optimalprobesizeintheabsenceofanykindofpriorknowledgeaboutthespecimenisderivedaswell.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000300461000026 Publication Date 2010-11-25  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 7 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2011 IF: 2.471  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:89657 Serial 3659  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author van den Broek, W.; Verbeeck, J.; Schryvers, D.; de Backer, S.; Scheunders, P. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Tomographic spectroscopic imaging; an experimental proof of concept Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2009 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 109 Issue 4 Pages 296-303  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab  
  Abstract Recording the electron energy loss spectroscopy data cube with a series of energy filtered images is a dose inefficient process because the energy slit blocks most of the electrons. When recording the data cube by scanning an electron probe over the sample, perfect dose efficiency is attained; but due to the low current in nanoprobes, this often is slower, with a smaller field of view. In W. Van den Broek et al. [Ultramicroscopy, 106 (2006) 269], we proposed a new method to record the data cube, which is more dose efficient than an energy filtered series. It produces a set of projections of the data cube and then tomographically reconstructs it. In this article, we demonstrate these projections in practice, we present a simple geometrical model that allows for quantification of the projection angles and we present the first successful experimental reconstruction, all on a standard post-column instrument.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000265345400003 Publication Date 2008-12-10  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 1 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Esteem 026019 Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2009 IF: 2.067  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:77271 Serial 3671  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Béché, A.; Rouvière, J.L.; Barnes, J.P.; Cooper, D. doi  openurl
  Title Dark field electron holography for strain measurement Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2011 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 111 Issue 3 Pages 227-238  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract Dark field electron holography is a new TEM-based technique for measuring strain with nanometer scale resolution. Here we present the procedure to align a transmission electron microscope and obtain dark field holograms as well as the theoretical background necessary to reconstruct strain maps from holograms. A series of experimental parameters such as biprism voltage, sample thickness, exposure time, tilt angle and choice of diffracted beam are then investigated on a silicon-germanium layer epitaxially embedded in a silicon matrix in order to obtain optimal dark field holograms over a large field of view with good spatial resolution and strain sensitivity.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Amsterdam Editor  
  Language Wos 000288638200007 Publication Date 2010-12-01  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 31 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 2.843; 2011 IF: 2.471  
  Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:136368 Serial 4496  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Susi, T.; Madsen, J.; Ludacka, U.; Mortensen, J.J.; Pennycook, T.J.; Lee, Z.; Kotakoski, J.; Kaiser, U.; Meyer, J.C. doi  openurl
  Title Efficient first principles simulation of electron scattering factors for transmission electron microscopy Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2019 Publication Ultramicroscopy Abbreviated Journal Ultramicroscopy  
  Volume 197 Issue 197 Pages 16-22  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)  
  Abstract Electron microscopy is a powerful tool for studying the properties of materials down to their atomic structure. In many cases, the quantitative interpretation of images requires simulations based on atomistic structure models. These typically use the independent atom approximation that neglects bonding effects, which may, however, be measurable and of physical interest. Since all electrons and the nuclear cores contribute to the scattering potential, simulations that go beyond this approximation have relied on computationally highly demanding all-electron calculations. Here, we describe a new method to generate ab initio electrostatic potentials when describing the core electrons by projector functions. Combined with an interface to quantitative image simulations, this implementation enables an easy and fast means to model electron scattering. We compare simulated transmission electron microscopy images and diffraction patterns to experimental data, showing an accuracy equivalent to earlier all-electron calculations at a much lower computational cost.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000456311700003 Publication Date 2018-11-12  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3991 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.843 Times cited 3 Open Access (down)  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 2.843  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:165938 Serial 6296  
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