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Author	Li, Y.; Tan, H.; Lebedev, O.; Verbeeck, J.; Biermans, E.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Su, B.-L.
Title	Insight into the growth of multiple branched MnOOH nanorods			Type	A1 Journal article
Year	2010	Publication	Crystal growth & design	Abbreviated Journal	Cryst Growth Des
Volume	10	Issue	7	Pages	2969-2976
Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract	Multiple branched manganese oxide hydroxide (MnOOH) nanorods prepared by a hydrothermal process were extensively studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A model of the branch formation is proposed together with a study of the interface structure. The sword-like tip plays a crucial role for the nanorods to form different shapes. Importantly, the branching occurs at an angle of around either 57 degrees or 123 degrees. Specifically, a (111) twin plane can only be formed at the interface with a 123 degrees angle. The interfaces formed with a 57 degrees angle usually contain edge dislocations. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) demonstrates that the whole crystal has a uniform chemical composition. Interestingly, an epitaxial growth of Mn3O4 at the radial surface was also observed under electron beam irradiation; this is because of the rough purification of the products. The proposed mechanism is expected to shed light on the branched/dendrite nanostructure growth and to provide opportunities for further novel nanomaterial structure growth and design.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Wos	000279422700027	Publication Date	2010-06-08
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	1528-7483;1528-7505;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor	4.055	Times cited	41	Open Access
Notes	Fwo; Esteem 026019			Approved	Most recent IF: 4.055; 2010 IF: 4.390
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:83886UA @ admin @ c:irua:83886			Serial	1672
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Author	Hadermann, J.; Abakumov, A.M.; Tsirlin, A.A.; Filonenko, V.P.; Gonnissen, J.; Tan, H.; Verbeeck, J.; Gemmi, M.; Antipov, E.V.; Rosner, H.
Title	Direct space structure solution from precession electron diffraction data: resolving heavy and light scatterers in Pb₁₃Mn₉O₂₅			Type	A1 Journal article
Year	2010	Publication	Ultramicroscopy	Abbreviated Journal	Ultramicroscopy
Volume	110	Issue	7	Pages	881-890
Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract	The crystal structure of a novel compound Pb13Mn9O25 has been determined through a direct space structure solution with a Monte-Carlo-based global optimization using precession electron diffraction data (a=14.177(3) Å, c=3.9320(7) Å, SG P4/m, RF=0.239) and compositional information obtained from energy dispersive X-ray analysis and electron energy loss spectroscopy. This allowed to obtain a reliable structural model even despite the simultaneous presence of both heavy (Pb) and light (O) scattering elements and to validate the accuracy of the electron diffraction-based structure refinement. This provides an important benchmark for further studies of complex structural problems with electron diffraction techniques. Pb13Mn9O25 has an anion- and cation-deficient perovskite-based structure with the A-positions filled by the Pb atoms and 9/13 of the B positions filled by the Mn atoms in an ordered manner. MnO6 octahedra and MnO5 tetragonal pyramids form a network by sharing common corners. Tunnels are formed in the network due to an ordered arrangement of vacancies at the B-sublattice. These tunnels provide sufficient space for localization of the lone 6s2 electron pairs of the Pb2+ cations, suggested as the driving force for the structural difference between Pb13Mn9O25 and the manganites of alkali-earth elements with similar compositions.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
Language		Wos	000280050900023	Publication Date	2010-04-01
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0304-3991;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor	2.843	Times cited	24	Open Access
Notes	Fwo; Bof; Esteem			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.843; 2010 IF: 2.063
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:84085UA @ admin @ c:irua:84085			Serial	721
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Author	Verbeeck, J.; Tian, H.; Schattschneider, P.
Title	Production and application of electron vortex beams			Type	A1 Journal article
Year	2010	Publication	Nature	Abbreviated Journal	Nature
Volume	467	Issue	7313	Pages	301-304
Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract	Vortex beams (also known as beams with a phase singularity) consist of spiralling wavefronts that give rise to angular momentum around the propagation direction. Vortex photon beams are widely used in applications such as optical tweezers to manipulate micrometre-sized particles and in micro-motors to provide angular momentum1, 2, improving channel capacity in optical3 and radio-wave4 information transfer, astrophysics5 and so on6. Very recently, an experimental realization of vortex beams formed of electrons was demonstrated7. Here we describe the creation of vortex electron beams, making use of a versatile holographic reconstruction technique in a transmission electron microscope. This technique is a reproducible method of creating vortex electron beams in a conventional electron microscope. We demonstrate how they may be used in electron energy-loss spectroscopy to detect the magnetic state of materials and describe their properties. Our results show that electron vortex beams hold promise for new applications, in particular for analysing and manipulating nanomaterials, and can be easily produced.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
Language		Wos	000281824900033	Publication Date	2010-09-14
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0028-0836;1476-4687;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor	40.137	Times cited	626	Open Access
Notes	Esteem 026019; Fwo			Approved	Most recent IF: 40.137; 2010 IF: 36.104
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:84878UA @ admin @ c:irua:84878			Serial	2720
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Author	Burriel, M.; Casa-Cabanas, M.; Zapata, J.; Tan, H.; Verbeeck, J.; Solis, C.; Roqueta, J.; Skinner, S.J.; Kilner, J.A.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Santiso, J.
Title	Influence of the microstructure on the high-temperature transport properties of GdBaCo₂O_5.5+\delta epitaxial films			Type	A1 Journal article
Year	2010	Publication	Chemistry of materials	Abbreviated Journal	Chem Mater
Volume	22	Issue	19	Pages	5512-5520
Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract	Epitaxial thin films of GdBaCo2O5.5+δ (GBCO) grown by pulsed laser deposition have been studied as a function of deposition conditions. The variation in film structure, domain orientation, and microstructure upon deviations in the cation composition have been correlated with the charge transport properties of the films. The epitaxial GBCO films mainly consist of single- and double-perovskite regions that are oriented in different directions depending on the deposition temperature. Additionally, cobalt depletion induces the formation of a high density of stacking defects in the films, consisting of supplementary GdO planes along the c-axis of the material. The presence of such defects progressively reduces the electrical conductivity. The films closer to the stoichiometric composition have shown p-type electronic conductivity at high pO2 with values as high as 800 S/cm at 330 °C in 1 atm O2, and with a pO2 power dependence with an exponent as low as 1/25, consistent with the behavior reported for bulk GBCO. These values place GBCO thin films as a very promising material to be applied as cathodes in intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication	Washington, D.C.	Editor
Language		Wos	000282471000013	Publication Date	2010-09-20
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0897-4756;1520-5002;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor	9.466	Times cited	17	Open Access
Notes	Fwo; Esteem 026019			Approved	Most recent IF: 9.466; 2010 IF: 6.400
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:85412UA @ admin @ c:irua:85412			Serial	1648
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Author	Hadermann, J.; Abakumov, A.M.; Perkisas, T.; d' Hondt, H.; Tan, H.; Verbeeck, J.; Filonenko, V.P.; Antipov, E.V.; Van Tendeloo, G.
Title	New perovskite-based manganite Pb₂Mn₂O₅			Type	A1 Journal article
Year	2010	Publication	Journal of solid state chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	J Solid State Chem
Volume	183	Issue	183	Pages	2190-2195
Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract	A new perovskite based compound Pb2Mn2O5 has been synthesized using a high pressure high temperature technique. The structure model of Pb2Mn2O5 is proposed based on electron diffraction, high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The compound crystallizes in an orthorhombic unit cell with parameters a=5.736(1)Å≈√2a p p p (a p the parameter of the perovskite subcell) and space group Pnma. The Pb2Mn2O5 structure consists of quasi two-dimensional perovskite blocks separated by 1/2[110] p (1̄01) p crystallographic shear planes. The blocks are connected to each other by chains of edge-sharing MnO5 distorted tetragonal pyramids. The chains of MnO5 pyramids and the MnO6 octahedra of the perovskite blocks delimit six-sided tunnels accommodating double chains of Pb atoms. The tunnels and pyramidal chains adopt two mirror-related configurations (left L and right R) and layers consisting of chains and tunnels of the same configuration alternate in the structure according to an -LRLR-sequence. The sequence is sometimes locally violated by the appearance of -LL- or -RR-fragments. A scheme is proposed with a JahnTeller distortion of the MnO6 octahedra with two long and two short bonds lying in the ac plane, along two perpendicular orientations within this plane, forming a d-type pattern.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
Language		Wos	000282139600041	Publication Date	2010-07-25
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0022-4596;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor	2.299	Times cited	8	Open Access
Notes	Fwo; Bof; Esteem 026019			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.299; 2010 IF: 2.261
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:85472UA @ admin @ c:irua:85472			Serial	2332
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Author	Tian, H.; Schryvers, D.; Liu, D.; Jiang, Q.; van Humbeeck, J.
Title	Stability of Ni in nitinol oxide surfaces			Type	A1 Journal article
Year	2011	Publication	Acta biomaterialia	Abbreviated Journal	Acta Biomater
Volume	7	Issue	2	Pages	892-899
Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract	The stability of Ni in titanium oxide surface layers on nitinol wires known to release certain amounts of Ni was investigated by first principles density functional theory and transmission electron microscopy. The oxides were identified as a combination of TiO and TiO2 depending on the thickness of the layer. The calculations indicate that free Ni atoms can exist in TiO at ambient temperature while Ni particles form in TiO2, which was confirmed by the transmission electron microscopy observations. The results are discussed with respect to surface stability and Ni release due to free Ni atoms and Ni particles.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication	S.l.	Editor
Language		Wos	000286707700047	Publication Date	2010-09-17
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	1742-7061;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor	6.319	Times cited	39	Open Access
Notes	Fwo			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.319; 2011 IF: 4.865
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:85998			Serial	3128
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Author	Li, Y.; Tan, H.; Yang, X.-Y.; Goris, B.; Verbeeck, J.; Bals, S.; Colson, P.; Cloots, R.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Su, B.-L.
Title	Well shaped Mn₃O₄ nano-octahedra with anomalous magnetic behavior and enhanced photodecomposition properties			Type	A1 Journal article
Year	2011	Publication	Small	Abbreviated Journal	Small
Volume	7	Issue	4	Pages	475-483
Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract	Very uniform and well shaped Mn3O4 nano-octahedra are synthesized using a simple hydrothermal method under the help of polyethylene glycol (PEG200) as a reductant and shape-directing agent. The nano-octahedra formation mechanism is monitored. The shape and crystal orientation of the nanoparticles is reconstructed by scanning electron microscopy and electron tomography, which reveals that the nano-octahedra only selectively expose {101} facets at the external surfaces. The magnetic testing demonstrates that the Mn3O4 nano-octahedra exhibit anomalous magnetic properties: the Mn3O4 nano-octahedra around 150 nm show a similar Curie temperature and blocking temperature to Mn3O4 nanoparticles with 10 nm size because of the vertical axis of [001] plane and the exposed {101} facets. With these Mn3O4 nano-octahedra as a catalyst, the photodecomposition of rhodamine B is evaluated and it is found that the photodecomposition activity of Mn3O4 nano-octahedra is much superior to that of commercial Mn3O4 powders. The anomalous magnetic properties and high superior photodecomposition activity of well shaped Mn3O4 nano-octahedra should be related to the special shape of the nanoparticles and the abundantly exposed {101} facets at the external surfaces. Therefore, the shape preference can largely broaden the application of the Mn3O4 nano-octahedra.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication	Weinheim	Editor
Language		Wos	000288080400008	Publication Date	2011-01-21
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	1613-6810;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor	8.643	Times cited	131	Open Access
Notes	This work was realized in the frame of an Interuniversity Attraction Poles Program (Inanomat-P6/17)-Belgian State-Belgian Science Policy and the project “Redugaz”, financially supported by the European community and the Wallon government in the frame of Interreg IV (France-Wallonie). B. L. S. acknowledges the Chinese Central Government for an “Expert of the State” position in the program of “Thousand talents” and the Chinese Ministry of Education for a Changjiang Scholar position at the Wuhan University of Technology. H. T. acknowledges the financial support from FWO-Vlaanderen (Project nr. G.0147.06). J.V. thanks the financial support from the European Union under Framework 6 program for Integrated Infrastructure Initiative, Reference 026019 ESTEEM.			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.643; 2011 IF: 8.349
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:87908			Serial	3914
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Author	Vanhumbeeck, J.-F.; Tian, H.; Schryvers, D.; Proost, J.
Title	Stress-assisted crystallisation in anodic titania			Type	A1 Journal article
Year	2011	Publication	Corrosion science	Abbreviated Journal	Corros Sci
Volume	53	Issue	4	Pages	1269-1277
Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract	The relationship between the microstructural and internal stress evolution during Ti anodising is discussed. Samples anodised galvanostatically to 12 V and 40 V, corresponding to different stages of the internal stress evolution, were examined by in-plane and cross-section transmission electron microscopy. Electron diffraction patterns have been complemented with stoichiometry data obtained from energy loss near edge structure spectra. The sample anodised to 40 V was observed to consist of two regions, with a crystallised inner region adjacent to the metal/oxide interface. Crystallisation of this region is associated with the presence of large compressive internal stresses which build up during anodising up to 12 V.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
Language		Wos	000288972000016	Publication Date	2010-12-31
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0010-938X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor	5.245	Times cited	11	Open Access
Notes	Fwo			Approved	Most recent IF: 5.245; 2011 IF: 3.734
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:88385			Serial	3177
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Author	Molina, L.; Tan, H.; Biermans, E.; Batenburg, K.J.; Verbeeck, J.; Bals, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.
Title	Barrier efficiency of sponge-like La₂Zr₂O₇ buffer layers for YBCO-coated conductors			Type	A1 Journal article
Year	2011	Publication	Superconductor science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	Supercond Sci Tech
Volume	24	Issue	6	Pages	065019-065019,8
Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab
Abstract	Solution derived La2Zr2O7 films have drawn much attention for potential applications as thermal barriers or low-cost buffer layers for coated conductor technology. Annealing and coating parameters strongly affect the microstructure of La2Zr2O7, but different film processing methods can yield similar microstructural features such as nanovoids and nanometer-sized La2Zr2O7 grains. Nanoporosity is a typical feature found in such films and the implications for the functionality of the films are investigated by a combination of scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) and quantitative electron tomography. Chemical solution based La2Zr2O7 films deposited on flexible Ni5 at.%W substrates with a {100}lang001rang biaxial texture were prepared for an in-depth characterization. A sponge-like structure composed of nanometer-sized voids is revealed by high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy in combination with electron tomography. A three-dimensional quantification of nanovoids in the La2Zr2O7 film is obtained on a local scale. Mostly non-interconnected highly faceted nanovoids compromise more than one-fifth of the investigated sample volume. The diffusion barrier efficiency of a 170 nm thick La2Zr2O7 film is investigated by STEM-EELS, yielding a 1.8 ± 0.2 nm oxide layer beyond which no significant nickel diffusion can be detected and intermixing is observed. This is of particular significance for the functionality of YBa2Cu3O7 − δ coated conductor architectures based on solution derived La2Zr2O7 films as diffusion barriers.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication	Bristol	Editor
Language		Wos	000290472900021	Publication Date	2011-04-20
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0953-2048;1361-6668;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor	2.878	Times cited	31	Open Access
Notes	Esteem 026019; Fwo			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.878; 2011 IF: 2.662
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:88639UA @ admin @ c:irua:88639			Serial	221
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Author	Boullay, P.; David, A.; Sheets, W.C.; Lüders, U.; Prellier, W.; Tan, H.; Verbeeck, J.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Gatel, C.; Vincze, G.; Radi, Z.
Title	Microstructure and interface studies of LaVO₃/SrVO₃ superlattices			Type	A1 Journal article
Year	2011	Publication	Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev B
Volume	83	Issue	12	Pages	125403-125403,6
Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract	The structure and interface characteristics of (LaVO3)6m(SrVO3)m superlattices deposited on a (100)-SrTiO3 substrate were studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Cross-section TEM studies revealed that both LaVO3 (LVO) and SrVO3 (SVO) layers are good single-crystal quality and epitaxially grown with respect to the substrate. It is evidenced that LVO layers are made of two orientational variants of a distorted perovskite compatible with bulk LaVO3, while SVO layers suffers from a tetragonal distortion due to the substrate-induced stain. Electron energy loss spectroscopy investigations indicate changes in the fine structure of the V L23 edge, related to a valence change between the LaVO3 and the SrVO3 layers.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Wos	000288160300006	Publication Date	2011-03-09
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	1098-0121;1550-235X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor	3.836	Times cited	26	Open Access
Notes	Fwo; Esteem 026019			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.836; 2011 IF: 3.691
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:88648UA @ admin @ c:irua:88648			Serial	2054
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Author	Paul, M.; Kufer, D.; Müller, A.; Brück, S.; Goering, E.; Kamp, M.; Verbeeck, J.; Tian, H.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Ingle, N.J.C.; Sing, M.; Claessen, R.
Title	Fe₃O₄/ZnO : a high-quality magnetic oxide-semiconductor heterostructure by reactive deposition			Type	A1 Journal article
Year	2011	Publication	Applied physics letters	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Phys Lett
Volume	98	Issue	1	Pages	012512,1-012512,3
Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract	We demonstrate the epitaxial growth of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> films on ZnO by a simple reactive deposition procedure using molecular oxygen as an oxidizing agent. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results evidence that the iron-oxide surface is nearly stoichiometric magnetite. X-ray diffraction results indicate monocrystalline epitaxy and almost complete structural relaxation. Scanning transmission electron micrographs reveal that the microstructure consists of domains which are separated by antiphase boundaries or twin boundaries. The magnetite films show rather slow magnetization behavior in comparison with bulk crystals probably due to reduced magnetization at antiphase boundaries in small applied fields.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher	American Institute of Physics	Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
Language		Wos	000286009800055	Publication Date	2011-01-07
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0003-6951;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor	3.411	Times cited	27	Open Access
Notes	The authors acknowledge financial support by DFG through Forschergruppe FOR 1162.			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.411; 2011 IF: 3.844
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:88653			Serial	3532
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Author	Tian, H.; Schryvers, D.; Claeys, P.
Title	Nanodiamonds do not provide unique evidence for a Younger Dryas impact			Type	A1 Journal article
Year	2011	Publication	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America	Abbreviated Journal	P Natl Acad Sci Usa
Volume	108	Issue	1	Pages	40-44
Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract	Microstructural, δ13C isotope and C/N ratio investigations were conducted on excavated material from the black Younger Dryas boundary in Lommel, Belgium, aiming for a characterisation of the carbon content and structures. Cubic diamond nanoparticles are found in large numbers. The larger ones with diameters around or above 10 nm often exhibit single or multiple twins. The smaller ones around 5 nm in diameter are mostly defect-free. Also larger flake-like particles, around 100 nm in lateral dimension, with a cubic diamond structure are observed as well as large carbon onion structures. The combination of these characteristics does not yield unique evidence for an exogenic impact related to the investigated layer.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication	Washington, D.C.	Editor
Language		Wos	000285915000012	Publication Date	2010-12-21
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0027-8424;1091-6490;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor	9.661	Times cited	32	Open Access
Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 9.661; 2011 IF: 9.681
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:88733			Serial	2254
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Author	Monico, L.; van der Snickt, G.; Janssens, K.; de Nolf, W.; Miliani, C.; Verbeeck, J.; Tian, H.; Tan, H.; Dik, J.; Radepont, M.; Cotte, M.
Title	Degradation process of lead chromate in paintings by Vincent van Gogh studied by means of synchrotron X-ray spectromicroscopy and related methods : 1 : artificially aged model samples			Type	A1 Journal article
Year	2011	Publication	Analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Anal Chem
Volume	83	Issue	4	Pages	1214-1223
Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract	On several paintings by artists of the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th Century a darkening of the original yellow areas, painted with the chrome yellow pigment (PbCrO4, PbCrO4·xPbSO4, or PbCrO4·xPbO) is observed. The most famous of these are the various Sunflowers paintings Vincent van Gogh made during his career. In the first part of this work, we attempt to elucidate the degradation process of chrome yellow by studying artificially aged model samples. In view of the very thin (1−3 μm) alteration layers that are formed, high lateral resolution spectroscopic methods such as microscopic X-ray absorption near edge (μ-XANES), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (μ-XRF), and electron energy loss spectrometry (EELS) were employed. Some of these use synchrotron radiation (SR). Additionally, microscopic SR X-ray diffraction (SR μ-XRD), μ-Raman, and mid-FTIR spectroscopy were employed to completely characterize the samples. The formation of Cr(III) compounds at the surface of the chrome yellow paint layers is particularly observed in one aged model sample taken from a historic paint tube (ca. 1914). About two-thirds of the chromium that is present at the surface has reduced from the hexavalent to the trivalent state. The EELS and μ-XANES spectra are consistent with the presence of Cr2O3·2H2O (viridian). Moreover, as demonstrated by μ-XANES, the presence of another Cr(III) compound, such as either Cr2(SO4)3·H2O or (CH3CO2)7Cr3(OH)2 [chromium(III) acetate hydroxide], is likely.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication	Washington, D.C.	Editor
Language		Wos	000287176900011	Publication Date	2011-02-14
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0003-2700;1520-6882;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor	6.32	Times cited	113	Open Access
Notes	Iuap; Fwo			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.32; 2011 IF: 5.856
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:88794UA @ admin @ c:irua:88794			Serial	632
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Author	Tan, H.; Turner, S.; Yücelen, E.; Verbeeck, J.; Van Tendeloo, G.
Title	2D atomic mapping of oxidation states in transition metal oxides by scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy-loss spectroscopy			Type	A1 Journal article
Year	2011	Publication	Physical review letters	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev Lett
Volume	107	Issue	10	Pages	107602
Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract	Using a combination of high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy and atomically resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy in an aberration-corrected transmission electron microscope we demonstrate the possibility of 2D atom by atom valence mapping in the mixed valence compound Mn3O4. The Mn L2,3 energy-loss near-edge structures from Mn2+ and Mn3+ cation sites are similar to those of MnO and Mn2O3 references. Comparison with simulations shows that even though a local interpretation is valid here, intermixing of the inelastic signal plays a significant role. This type of experiment should be applicable to challenging topics in materials science, such as the investigation of charge ordering or single atom column oxidation states in, e.g., dislocations.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
Language		Wos	000294406600018	Publication Date	2011-09-01
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0031-9007;1079-7114;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor	8.462	Times cited	115	Open Access
Notes	Esteem 026019; Fwo			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.462; 2011 IF: 7.370
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:91265 c:irua:91265 c:irua:91265UA @ admin @ c:irua:91265			Serial	5
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Author	Verbeeck, J.; Tian, H.; Béché, A.
Title	A new way of producing electron vortex probes for STEM			Type	A1 Journal article
Year	2012	Publication	Ultramicroscopy	Abbreviated Journal	Ultramicroscopy
Volume	113	Issue		Pages	83-87
Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract	A spiral holographic aperture is used in the condensor plane of a scanning transmission electron microscope to produce a focussed electron vortex probe carrying a topological charge of either −1, 0 or +1. The spiral aperture design has a major advantage over the previously used forked aperture in that the three beams with topological charge m=−1, 0, and 1 are not side by side in the specimen plane, but rather on top of each other, focussed at different heights. This allows us to have only one selected beam in focus on the sample while the others contribute only to a background signal. In this paper we describe the working principle as well as first experimental results demonstrating atomic resolution HAADF STEM images obtained with electron vortex probes. These results pave the way for atomic resolution magnetic information when combined with electron energy loss spectroscopy.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
Language		Wos	000300554400002	Publication Date	2011-10-31
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0304-3991;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor	2.843	Times cited	62	Open Access
Notes	J.V. wants to thank Miles Padgett for suggesting this setup and pointing to the relevant optics literature. Peter Schattschneider is acknowledged for in depth discussions on related topics. J.V acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the 7th Framework Program (FP7), ERC Grant no. 46791-COUN-TATOMS and ERC Starting Grant no. 278510 VORTEX. The Qu-Ant-EM microscope is partially funded by the Hercules fund of the Flemish Government. ECASJO_;			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.843; 2012 IF: 2.470
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:93624UA @ admin @ c:irua:93624			Serial	2336
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Author	Chen, L.-H.; Li, X.-Y.; Tian, G.; Li, Y.; Tan, H.-Y.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Zhu, G.-S.; Qiu, S.-L.; Yang, X.-Y.; Su, B.-L.
Title	Multimodal zeolite-beta-based catalysts with a hierarchical, three-level pore structure			Type	A1 Journal article
Year	2011	Publication	Chemsuschem	Abbreviated Journal	Chemsuschem
Volume	4	Issue	10	Pages	1452-1456
Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract	Hole diggers: The hierarchically structured porous solid-acid catalyst described in this report possess a remarkable pore system, encompassing well-defined macrochannels, interconnected mesopores, intracrystalline mesopores, and tunable zeolite micropores. Importantly, the catalyst exhibits very strong acidity and superior catalytic activity for esterification reactions.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication	Weinheim	Editor
Language		Wos	000296497400009	Publication Date	2011-08-16
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	1864-5631;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor	7.226	Times cited	33	Open Access
Notes	Iap			Approved	Most recent IF: 7.226; 2011 IF: 6.827
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:93675			Serial	2223
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Author	Brück, S.; Paul, M.; Tian, H.; Müller, A.; Kufer, D.; Praetorius, C.; Fauth, K.; Audehm, P.; Goering, E.; Verbeeck, J.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Sing, M.; Claessen, R.;
Title	Magnetic and electronic properties of the interface between half metallic Fe₃O₄ and semiconducting ZnO			Type	A1 Journal article
Year	2012	Publication	Applied physics letters	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Phys Lett
Volume	100	Issue	8	Pages	081603-081603,4
Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract	We have investigated the magnetic depth profile of an epitaxial Fe3O4 thin film grown directly on a semiconducting ZnO substrate by soft x-ray resonant magnetic reflectometry (XRMR) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Consistent chemical profiles at the interface between ZnO and Fe3O4 are found from both methods. Valence selective EELS and XRMR reveal independently that the first monolayer of Fe at the interface between ZnO and Fe3O4 contains only Fe3+ ions. Besides this narrow 2.5 Å interface layer, Fe3O4 shows magnetic bulk properties throughout the whole film making highly efficient spin injection in this system feasible.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher	American Institute of Physics	Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
Language		Wos	000300711200014	Publication Date	2012-02-22
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0003-6951;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor	3.411	Times cited	12	Open Access
Notes	The authors thank E. Pellegrin for helpful comments and S. Macke for help with the software REMAGX. S.B. acknowledges financial support by the HZB, Berlin, and the Australian Government via Grant No. RM08550. H.T. acknowledges funding from GOA project “XANES meets ELNES,” J.V. and G.V.T. acknowledge funding from the European Research Council under Grant No. 46791-COUN-TATOMS. The authors acknowledge financial support by the DFG through Forschergruppe FOR 1162.			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.411; 2012 IF: 3.794
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:95041UA @ admin @ c:irua:95041			Serial	1860
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Author	Tan, H.; Lebedev, O.I.; McLaughlin, A.C.; Van Tendeloo, G.
Title	The superstructure and superconductivity of Ru1222 based RuSr₂Gd_2-x-yY_yCe_xCu₂O_10-\delta compounds			Type	A1 Journal article
Year	2010	Publication	Superconductor science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	Supercond Sci Tech
Volume	23	Issue	11	Pages	115013-115013,8
Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract	For the first time, the local structure and physical properties of Ru1222 based compounds (RuSr(2)Gd(1.4)Ce(0.6)Cu(2)O(10-delta) and RuSr(2)Gd(1.8-x)Y(0.2)CexCu(2)O(10) (x = 0.90-0.55)) have been investigated and analyzed together on the very same compounds. The Ru1222 superstructure was confirmed by TEM at a local scale and was suggested to have an orthorhombic symmetry with space group Aba2 and lattice parameters a(s) similar or equal to root 2a, b(s) similar or equal to root 2a and c(s) = c. This new Ru1222 superstructure distortion from tetragonal symmetry is proposed to have a positive correlation with the superconductivity variation of these compounds. The more the distortion towards orthorhombic symmetry, the higher the critical superconducting temperature these compounds can achieve. The T(c)(0) of RuSr(2)Gd(1.8-x)Y(0.2)Ce(x)Cu(2)O(10-delta) (x = 0.85-0.55) increases monotonically from 4 to 16 K when x decreases from 0.85 to 0.70, then RuSr(2)Gd(2)Cu(2)O(8) defects emerge and the T(c) decreases with decreasing x. Ru1212 defects are observed to intergrow epitaxially with the Ru1222 structure as lamellas along the c-axis in RuSr(2)Gd(1.4)Ce(0.6)Cu(2)O(10-delta). Although Ru1212 is a superconductor, the intergrowth severely restrains its superconductivity.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication	Bristol	Editor
Language		Wos	000284308000013	Publication Date	2010-10-09
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0953-2048;1361-6668;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor	2.878	Times cited	1	Open Access
Notes	Fwo; Esteem 026019			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.878; 2010 IF: 2.402
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:95553			Serial	3385
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Author	Tan, H.
Title	From EELS to oxidation state mapping : an investigation into oxidation state mapping of transition metals with electron energy-loss spectroscopy			Type	Doctoral thesis
Year	2012	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
Volume		Issue		Pages
Keywords	Doctoral thesis; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication	Antwerpen	Editor
Language		Wos		Publication Date	0000-00-00
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:96030			Serial	1280
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Author	Tan, H.; Verbeeck, J.; Abakumov, A.; Van Tendeloo, G.
Title	Oxidation state and chemical shift investigation in transition metal oxides by EELS			Type	A1 Journal article
Year	2012	Publication	Ultramicroscopy	Abbreviated Journal	Ultramicroscopy
Volume	116	Issue		Pages	24-33
Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract	Transition metal L2,3 electron energy-loss spectra for a wide range of V-, Mn- and Fe-based oxides were recorded and carefully analyzed for their correlation with the formal oxidation states of the transition metal ions. Special attention is paid to obtain an accurate energy scale which provides absolute energy positions for all core-loss edges. The white-line ratio method, chemical shift method, ELNES fitting method, two-parameter method and other methods are compared and their validity is discussed. Both the ELNES fitting method and the chemical shift method have the advantage of a wide application range and good consistency but require special attention to accurately measure the core-loss edge position. The obtained conclusions are of fundamental importance, e.g., for obtaining atomic resolution oxidation state information in modern experiments.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
Language		Wos	000304473700004	Publication Date	2012-03-10
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0304-3991;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor	2.843	Times cited	413	Open Access
Notes	Fwo			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.843; 2012 IF: 2.470
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:96959UA @ admin @ c:irua:96959			Serial	2541
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Author	Palgrave, R.G.; Borisov, P.; Dyer, M.S.; McMitchell, S.R.C.; Darling, G.R.; Claridge, J.B.; Batuk, M.; Tan, H.; Tian, H.; Verbeeck, J.; Hadermann, J.; Rosseinsky, M.J.;
Title	Artificial construction of the layered Ruddlesden-Popper manganite La₂Sr₂Mn₃O₁₀ by reflection high energy electron diffraction monitored pulsed laser deposition			Type	A1 Journal article
Year	2012	Publication	Journal of the American Chemical Society	Abbreviated Journal	J Am Chem Soc
Volume	134	Issue	18	Pages	7700-7714
Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract	Pulsed laser deposition has been used to artificially construct the n = 3 Ruddlesden Popper structure La2Sr2Mn3O10 in epitaxial thin film form by sequentially layering La1-xSrxMnO3 and SrO unit cells aided by in situ reflection high energy electron diffraction monitoring. The interval deposition technique was used to promote two-dimensional SrO growth. X-ray diffraction and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy indicated that the trilayer structure had been formed. A site ordering was found to differ from that expected thermodynamically, with the smaller Sr2+ predominantly on the R site due to kinetic trapping of the deposited cation sequence. A dependence of the out-of-plane lattice parameter on growth pressure was interpreted as changing the oxygen content of the films. Magnetic and transport measurements on fully oxygenated films indicated a frustrated magnetic ground state characterized as a spin glass-like magnetic phase with the glass temperature T-g approximate to 34 K. The magnetic frustration has a clear in-plane (ab) magnetic anisotropy, which is maintained up to temperatures of 150 K. Density functional theory calculations suggest competing antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic long-range orders, which are proposed as the origin of the low-temperature glassy state.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication	Washington, D.C.	Editor
Language		Wos	000303696200029	Publication Date	2012-03-30
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0002-7863;1520-5126;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor	13.858	Times cited	27	Open Access
Notes	Fwo; Esteem 026019			Approved	Most recent IF: 13.858; 2012 IF: 10.677
Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:98947UA @ admin @ c:irua:98947			Serial	153
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